Combustor for gas turbine engine

Abstract

A combustor for a gas turbine includes an outer housing, an inner housing, and an outer liner and an inner liner defining a combustion chamber. At least one of the outer liner or the inner liner includes (a) a plurality of primary dilution openings extending therethrough to provide a primary dilution air flow into the combustion chamber, and (b) a plurality of secondary wake-inhibiting dilution openings extending therethrough to provide a secondary dilution air flow into the combustion chamber. And a plurality of secondary wake-inhibiting dilution openings disposed adjacent to respective ones of the primary dilution openings to provide a secondary dilution air flow into the combustion chamber, the respective ones of the plurality of secondary wake-inhibiting dilution openings being disposed adjacent to respective ones of the primary dilution openings to provide a secondary dilution air flow, therefore, wake flow formed in the primary dilution air flow on the downstream side of the primary dilution opening is inhibited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a burner for a gas turbine engine. Background Technology

[0002] In a gas turbine engine, the combustor includes a combustor liner that defines a combustion chamber. The combustor liner may include dilution openings that provide a dilution airflow into the combustion chamber. The dilution air is used to quench the hot combustion gases within the combustion chamber before they flow into the turbine section of the gas turbine engine. Attached Figure Description

[0003] Features and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent from the following description of various exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally denote the same, functionally similar and / or structurally similar elements.

[0004] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an exemplary high bypass ratio turbofan jet engine according to aspects of this disclosure.

[0005] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner according to aspects of this disclosure.

[0006] Figure 3 Based on aspects of this disclosure Figure 2 A flat plan view of a portion of the outer liner taken at the AA view, depicting the arrangement of the primary dilution openings and secondary wake suppression dilution openings through the outer liner.

[0007] Figure 4 Is Figure 3 Captured at point 128 in the detail view. Figure 3 A magnified flat plan view of a portion depicts the dilution airflow pattern according to aspects of this disclosure.

[0008] Figure 5 Based on aspects of this disclosure Figure 4 A cross-sectional view taken at point 5-5 on the plane.

[0009] Figure 6 Depicting aspects of this disclosure in Figure 5 The view Figures 6-6 Cut off Figure 5 A flat plan view of a portion of the hot surface side of the outer liner, depicting the arrangement of the primary dilution openings and the secondary wake suppression dilution openings through the outer liner.

[0010] Figure 7 It is based on the aspects of this disclosure. Figure 5 Outer liner and wake suppressor, in Figure 5a cross-sectional view taken at plane 7-7 of FIG. 1.

[0011] Figure 8 a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the wake suppressor of FIG. 1. Figure 5

[0012] Figure 9 a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the wake suppressor of FIG. 1. Figure 8

[0013] Figure 10 a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the primary dilution opening and secondary wake-suppressing dilution opening of FIG. 1. Figure 4

[0014] Figure 11 a cross-sectional view taken at plane 11-11 of FIG. 1. Figure 10 Figure 10

[0015] a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the outer liner of FIG. 1. Figure 12 Figure 3

[0016] Figure 13 a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the cold surface side of the outer liner of FIG. 1. Figure 3

[0017] Figure 14 a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the cold surface side of the outer liner of FIG. 1. Figure 3

[0018] Figure 15 a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the cold surface side of the outer liner of FIG. 1. Figure 3

[0019] Figure 16 a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the cold surface side of the outer liner of FIG. 1. Figure 3

[0020] Figure 17 a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the cold surface side of the outer liner of FIG. 1. Figure 3

[0021] Figure 18 a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the cold surface side of the outer liner of FIG. 1.​​​​​​​​​​​Figure 3 Alternative arrangement of the cold surface side of the outer liner of

[0022] Figure 19 is a flattened plan view of the cold surface side of the outer liner according to aspects of the present disclosure, depicting Figure 3 Alternative arrangement of the cold surface side of the outer liner of

[0023] Figure 20 is a flattened plan view of the cold surface side of the outer liner according to aspects of the present disclosure, depicting Figure 3 Alternative arrangement of the cold surface side of the outer liner of

[0024] Figure 21 is a flattened plan view of the cold surface side of the outer liner according to aspects of the present disclosure, depicting Figure 3 Alternative arrangement of the cold surface side of the outer liner of

[0025] Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view taken at plane 22-22 of Figure 21

[0026] Figure 23 is a flattened plan view of the cold surface side of the outer liner according to aspects of the present disclosure, depicting Figure 21 Alternative arrangement of the cold surface side of the outer liner of

[0027] Figure 24 is a flattened plan view of the cold surface side of the outer liner according to aspects of the present disclosure, depicting Figure 3 Alternative arrangement of the cold surface side of the outer liner of DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The features, advantages, and embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated or described in or apparent from the following detailed description, drawings, and claims. Moreover, it is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present disclosure as claimed.

[0029] Various embodiments are discussed in detail below. While specific implementations are discussed, this is simply for illustration. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize from the discussion that other components and configurations can be used without departing from the present disclosure.

[0030] As used herein, the terms “first” and “second” can be used interchangeably to distinguish one component from another and are not intended to signify location or importance of the individual components.

[0031] The terms “upstream” and “downstream” refer to the relative direction of fluid flow in a fluid pathway. For example, “upstream” refers to the direction from which fluid flows, and “downstream” refers to the direction to which fluid flows.​

[0032] In the combustion section of a turbine engine, the airflow in the outer passage around the combustor liner is diverted through circular dilution openings in the combustor liner and into the combustion chamber to act as dilution air. One purpose of the dilution air is to quench (i.e., cool) the combustion gases within the combustion chamber before the combustion gases enter the turbine section downstream of the combustion chamber. At the trailing edge of the circular dilution openings, along the inner surface of the liner (i.e., within the combustion chamber), a wake is formed in the dilution airflow behind the dilution openings. The wake results in a higher temperature behind the dilution airflow, which can result in more formation of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the combustion gases and a shorter life of the combustor liner. In addition, the circular dilution openings do not spread the dilution airflow laterally, resulting in high temperatures between the dilution openings, which also results in more formation of NOx.

[0033] The present disclosure provides a method of suppressing a wake region with dilution air, thereby providing better lateral spreading of the dilution air within the combustion chamber, which reduces the amount of NOx emissions and improves the durability of the liner. According to the present disclosure, the liner includes a plurality of primary dilution openings and a plurality of secondary wake-suppressing dilution openings. The plurality of secondary wake-suppressing dilution openings provides lateral spreading of the secondary dilution air into the combustion chamber, thereby suppressing the wake on the downstream side of the primary dilution openings. x

[0034] Reference will now be made to the drawings, Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an exemplary high-bypass turbofan jet engine 10, referred to herein as "engine 10," which can incorporate various embodiments of the present disclosure. Although further described below with reference to a turbofan engine, the present disclosure is also applicable to general turbomachinery, including turbojet engines, turboprop engines, and turboshaft gas turbine engines, including marine turbine engines, industrial turbine engines, and auxiliary power units. As shown, Figure 1 The engine 10 has a longitudinal centerline axis 12 extending therethrough from an upstream end 98 of the engine 10 to a downstream end 99 of the engine 10 for reference purposes. Generally, the engine 10 can include a fan assembly 14 and a turbocharged engine 16 disposed downstream of the fan assembly 14.

[0035] ​The turbocharged engine 16 can generally include an outer casing 18 that defines an annular inlet 20 of the turbocharged engine 16. The outer casing 18 surrounds or at least partially forms, in serial flow relationship, a compressor section having a low pressure compressor (LPC) 22 and a high pressure compressor (HPC) 24, a combustor 26, a turbine section including a high pressure turbine (HPT) 28 and a low pressure turbine (LPT) 30, and an injection exhaust nozzle section 32. A high pressure (HP) rotor shaft 34 drivingly connects the HPT 28 to the HPC 24, and a low pressure (LP) rotor shaft 36 drivingly connects the LPT 30 to the LPC 22. The LP rotor shaft 36 can also be connected to a fan shaft 38 of the fan assembly 14. In certain embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 the LP rotor shaft 36 can be connected to the fan shaft 38 through a reduction gear box assembly 40, such as in an indirect drive or geared drive configuration.

[0036] As shown in Figure 1 the fan assembly 14 includes a plurality of fan blades 42 coupled to and extending radially outward from the fan shaft 38. An annular fan casing or nacelle 44 circumferentially surrounds at least a portion of the fan assembly 14 and / or the turbocharged engine 16. The nacelle 44 can be supported relative to the turbocharged engine 16 by a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart outlet guide vanes or struts 46. Further, at least a portion of the nacelle 44 can extend over an outer portion of the turbocharged engine 16 so as to define a bypass airflow passage 48 therebetween.

[0037] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary combustor 26 of the turbocharged engine 16 as shown in Figure 1 Figure 2 The exemplary combustor 26 shown in Figure 2 is depicted as an annular combustor extending annularly about a longitudinal centerline axis 12. The longitudinal centerline axis 12 can also correspond to a combustor centerline axis 12'. The present disclosure is not limited to Figure 2 annular combustors 26 and can be implemented with other types of combustors, including, as one example, a can combustor. As shown in

[0038] As shown in Figure 2 ​As shown, the inner liner 52 is enclosed within the inner housing 65, and the outer liner 54 is enclosed within the outer housing 64. An outer flow channel 88 is defined between the outer liner 54 and the outer housing 64, and an inner flow channel 90 is defined between the inner liner 52 and the inner housing 65. Both the outer housing 64 and the inner housing 65 extend circumferentially about the burner centerline axis 12'. The cold surface side 53 of the inner liner 52 is adjacent to the inner flow channel 90, and the hot surface side 55 of the inner liner 52 is adjacent to the combustion chamber 62. Similarly, the cold surface side 57 of the outer liner 54 is adjacent to the outer flow channel 88, and the hot surface side 59 of the outer liner 54 is adjacent to the combustion chamber 62. The inner liner 52 and the outer liner 54 extend from the dome assembly 56 to the HPT 28 ( Figure 1 The turbine nozzle 79 (generally shown) at the inlet of the burner liner 50 thus at least partially defines the hot gas path between the burner liner 50 and the HPT 28. As will be described in more detail below, the outer liner 54 includes a plurality of primary dilution openings 61 extending therethrough and a plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings 63 extending therethrough. Similarly, the inner liner 52 includes a plurality of primary dilution openings 68 extending therethrough and a plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings 69 extending therethrough.

[0039] The burner 26 also includes a fuel nozzle assembly 70 connected to the housing 64 and a swirler assembly 58 connected to the dome assembly 56. The swirler assembly 58 may define a fuel nozzle centerline axis 71 extending in a generally longitudinal direction within the combustion chamber 62. Fuel is supplied by the fuel nozzle assembly 70 to the swirler assembly 58 to mix with air flowing from the pressure chamber 66 through the swirler assembly 58. Thus, a fuel-air mixture 72 is injected into the combustion chamber 62 by the swirler assembly 58. The fuel-air mixture 72 may be injected into the combustion chamber 62 in a swirling manner, such that the fuel-air mixture 72 swirls about the fuel nozzle centerline axis 71 in a swirling direction 67, and after ignition and combustion to produce combustion gases 86, the combustion gases 86 may swirl in the swirling direction 67 within the combustion chamber 62.

[0040] More specifically, combustion chamber 62 defines a main combustion zone 74 where the fuel-air mixture 72 undergoes initial chemical reactions when ignited and burned by an igniter (not shown) to produce combustion gases 86. Combustion gases 86 can be recirculated within the main combustion zone 74 before flowing further downstream to a dilution zone 75. In the dilution zone 75, combustion gases 86 are mixed with dilution air 82(C), which flows to the secondary combustion zone 77 and enters HPT 28 and LPT 30. Figure 1The dilution air 82(C) flows through the primary dilution opening 61 of the outer liner 54 and the secondary wake suppression dilution opening 63 before the turbine nozzle 79 at the inlet of the main combustion zone 74, and through the primary dilution opening 68 and the secondary wake suppression dilution opening 69 of the inner liner 52. Therefore, the dilution air 82(C) flow can be used to quench the combustion gas 86 in the dilution zone 75 downstream of the main combustion zone 74 to cool the gas entering the HPT 28 ( Figure 1 ) of combustion gas 86 stream.

[0041] Common Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 During the operation of engine 10, a certain volume of inlet air 73 (schematically indicated by arrows) enters engine 10 from upstream end 98 through the corresponding nacelle inlet 76 of nacelle 44. As the inlet air 73 passes through fan blades 42, it is propelled by fan assembly 14, and a portion of the inlet air 73 is guided or directed into bypass airflow passage 48 as bypass airflow 78. Another portion of the inlet air 73 passing through fan blades 42 is guided or directed into annular inlet 20 into LPC 22 as compressor inlet air 80. As the inlet air 80 flows through LPC 22 and HPC 24 towards combustor 26, the compressor inlet air 80 is gradually compressed, thereby producing compressed air 82. Figure 2 As shown, compressed air 82 flows from HPC 24 into the diffuser chamber 84 of burner 26. A first portion of the compressed air 82 (schematically indicated by the arrow representing compressed air 82(A)) flows from diffuser chamber 84 into pressure chamber 66, where compressed air 82(A) mixes with fuel supplied by fuel nozzle assembly 70 via swirler assembly 58 to produce fuel-air mixture 72. As described above, fuel-air mixture 72 is ignited and combusted to produce combustion gases 86 within the main combustion zone 74 of combustion chamber 62. A second portion of the compressed air 82 (indicated by the arrow representing compressed air 82(B)) is directed into outer flow channel 88 and generally flows in the downstream flow direction 85 within outer flow channel 88. Similarly, a portion of compressed air 82(B) may be directed into inner flow channel 90 and generally flows downstream in the downstream flow direction 87 within inner flow channel 90. A portion of the compressed air 82(B) within the outer flow channel 88 and the inner flow channel 90 is used as dilution air 82(C) after passing through the primary dilution opening 61, the secondary wake suppression dilution opening 63, the primary dilution opening 68, and the secondary wake suppression dilution opening 69, and flows into the dilution zone 75 of the combustion chamber 62 to provide quenching for the combustion gases 86 in the dilution zone 75. The dilution air 82(C) can also provide turbulence to the combustion gas 86 flow to provide better mixing of the dilution air 82(C) with the combustion gases 86.

[0042] Still for reference Figure 1 andFigure 2 The combustion gases 86 generated in combustion chamber 62 flow into HPT 28, causing HP rotor shaft 34 to rotate, thereby supporting the operation of HPC 24. Figure 1 As shown, the combustion gases 86 are then directed through the LPT 30, thereby rotating the LP rotor shaft 36 to support the operation of the LPC 22 and / or the rotation of the fan shaft 38. The combustion gases 86 are then discharged through the injection exhaust nozzle section 32 of the turbocharged engine 16 to provide propulsion at the downstream end 99 of the engine 10.

[0043] Figure 3 Based on aspects of this disclosure Figure 2 A flat plan view of the cold surface side 57 of a portion of the outer liner 54, taken at view AA, depicts the arrangement of the primary dilution opening 61 and the secondary wake suppression dilution opening 63 through the outer liner 54. Although Figure 3 It is described in relation to the outer lining 54, but Figure 3 The arrangement, as well as the alternative arrangements discussed below, also apply to lining 52. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the plurality of primary dilution openings 61 may be circular dilution openings 100, and the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings 63 may be wedge-shaped dilution openings 102. The plurality of primary dilution openings 61 are circumferentially spaced relative to the burner centerline axis 12' in the circumferential direction (C), and the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings 63 are also circumferentially spaced relative to the burner centerline axis 12' in the circumferential direction (C). The corresponding primary dilution openings of the plurality of primary dilution openings 61 are arranged adjacent to the corresponding secondary wake suppression dilution openings of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings 63. Here, the term "adjacent" means that the primary dilution openings 61 and the second wake suppression dilution openings 63 are arranged adjacent to each other, such that the secondary dilution air 82(C)S flowing through the corresponding secondary wake suppression dilution opening in the secondary wake suppression dilution opening 63 flows into the dilution wake region 134 on the downstream side 132 of the primary dilution opening 61, in order to suppress the wake that may be generated by the primary dilution air 82(C)P flowing through the primary dilution opening 61.

[0044] Each circular dilution opening 100 has a center 104 and a diameter 108, which may be the same diameter 108 for each of the plurality of circular dilution openings 100, or the diameter 108 may vary for each respective circular dilution opening 100. When the diameter 108 is the same for each of the plurality of circular dilution openings 100, the circular dilution openings 100 may be circumferentially spaced apart by a circumferential spacing distance 106. The circumferential spacing distance 106 may, for example, be greater than or equal to twice the diameter 108 of the circular dilution openings 100. The plurality of primary dilution openings 61 may also be arranged in a circumferential row such that each of the plurality of primary dilution openings 61 is arranged on the dome assembly 56 (see also...). Figure 2 The downstream longitudinal (or axial) distance is 110, and the center is 126 along the reference plane.

[0045] Each of the multiple secondary wake suppression and dilution openings 63 in Figure 3 The image shows a wedge-shaped dilution opening 102, and more specifically, a generally triangular opening with a base width 112 and a height 114. The base width 112 may, for example, be less than or equal to twice the diameter 108 of the circular dilution opening 100. Furthermore, the ratio of the height 114 to the base width 112 may be greater than or equal to one-tenth (0.10), such that the base width 112 may be ten times larger than the height 114.

[0046] The wedge-shaped dilution openings 102 are circumferentially spaced relative to the burner centerline axis 12' in the circumferential direction (C). The wedge-shaped dilution openings 102 may be circumferentially spaced by a circumferential spacing distance 116, which may be the spacing between the centroids 120 of the corresponding wedge-shaped dilution openings in the wedge-shaped dilution openings 102. The corresponding wedge-shaped dilution openings in the plurality of wedge-shaped dilution openings 102 are also circumferentially offset from the corresponding circular dilution openings in the plurality of circular dilution openings 100 by a circumferential offset amount 122. The circumferential offset amount 122 may be taken as the circumferential distance between the center 104 of the circular dilution opening 100 and the centroid 120 of the wedge-shaped dilution opening 102. The plurality of wedge-shaped dilution openings 102 are also longitudinally offset from the corresponding circular dilution openings in the circular dilution openings 100. For example, the center 104 of the corresponding circular dilution opening in the circular dilution opening 100 is longitudinally offset from the centroid 120 of the corresponding wedge-shaped dilution opening in the wedge-shaped dilution opening 102 by a longitudinal offset amount 124. Figure 3 As shown, the centroid 120 of each wedge-shaped dilution opening 102 can be longitudinally aligned along a reference plane 118 passing through the centroid 120 of the corresponding wedge-shaped dilution opening among the plurality of wedge-shaped dilution openings 102, wherein the reference plane 118 is longitudinally offset from the reference plane 126 by a longitudinal offset 124. Furthermore, as Figure 3As shown, the apex 119 of each wedge dilution opening 102 can be disposed downstream of the reference plane 126. Alternatively, the apex 119 can be disposed at the reference plane 126, or upstream of the reference plane 126.

[0047] Each primary dilution opening 61 defines a primary dilution opening effective flow area (A EffPri ), which is the plan view area of each respective primary dilution opening 61. For each circular dilution opening 100, the effective flow area constitutes the area of the respective circle of each circular dilution opening 100. The total primary dilution effective flow area (A TotalEffPri ) is the sum of the effective flow areas of all primary dilution openings 61. Thus, for example, when the total number of primary dilution openings 61 provided by the outer liner 54 is n primary dilution openings 61, the total primary dilution effective flow area is

[0048] Similarly, each secondary wake suppression dilution opening 63 defines a secondary dilution opening effective flow area (A EffSec ), which is the plan view area of each respective secondary wake suppression dilution opening 63. For each wedge dilution opening 102, the effective area constitutes the area of the respective triangle (wedge) of each wedge dilution opening 102. The total secondary dilution effective flow area (A TotalEffSec ) is the sum of the effective flow areas of all secondary wake suppression dilution openings 63. Thus, for example, when the total number of secondary wake suppression dilution openings 63 across the outer liner 54 is m secondary wake suppression dilution openings 63, the total secondary dilution effective flow area is

[0049] In summary, the total primary dilution effective flow area (A TotalEffPri ) of the plurality of primary dilution openings 61 and the total secondary dilution effective flow area (A TotalEffSec ) of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings 63 together define a total dilution effective flow area (A TotalEff ) of the dilution air 82 (C) Figure 2 The ratio of the total secondary dilution effective flow area (A TotalEffSec ) to the total dilution effective flow area (A TotalEff ) can be in the range of five percent to forty percent, such that:

[0050]

[0051] Figure 4 is a magnified plan view of a portion of the outer liner 54 taken at the detail perspective 128, depicting a dilution airflow pattern, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Figure 3 is a magnified plan view of a portion of the outer liner 54 taken at the detail perspective 128, depicting a dilution airflow pattern, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.Figure 5 Based on aspects of this disclosure Figure 4 Cut off at point 5-5 on the plane Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the outer lining 54. (Common Reference) Figure 4 and Figure 5 ,like Figure 4 (using dashed lines) and Figure 5 As shown, the primary dilution opening 61, and more specifically, the circular dilution opening 100, includes a wake suppressor 136 arranged on the downstream side 132 of the circular dilution opening 100 (i.e., the semi-circular half of the circular dilution opening 100 on the downstream side 129 of the reference plane 126 relative to the flow direction 85). The wake suppressor 136 extends from the hot surface side 59 of the outer liner 54 into the combustion chamber 62. As described below, without the wake suppressor 136, a dilution wake within the dilution flow 82(C)P flowing through the circular dilution opening 100 may appear within a dilution wake region 134 along the downstream side 132 of the circular dilution opening 100. The wake suppressor 136 is arranged to prevent a dilution wake in the dilution wake region 134. The upstream surface 140 of the wake suppressor 136 may generally be parallel to the centerline axis 142 passing through the center 104 of the circular dilution opening 100. Alternatively, as shown by the dashed line, an inclined upstream surface 140' can be arranged at an angle 144 relative to the centerline axis 142 to guide the flow of primary dilution air 82(C)P in the combustion chamber 62 in the downstream direction 145.

[0052] Figure 6 The aspects shown in this disclosure are in Figure 5 The view Figures 6-6 A flat plan view of a portion of the hot surface side 59 of the outer liner 54, depicting the arrangement of the primary dilution opening 61 and the secondary wake suppression dilution opening 63 through the outer liner 54. Figure 6 The flat plan view is with Figure 4 The flat plan view relative to the flat plan view, where Figure 6 The hot surface side 59 is depicted, while Figure 4 The cold surface side 57 of the same portion as the outer lining 54 is depicted. Figure 7 According to aspects of this disclosure, through the outer liner 54 and the wake suppressor 136, in Figure 5 A cross-sectional view taken at point 7-7 on the plane. (See figure) Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the upstream surface 140 of the wake suppressor 136 extends from the downstream side 132 of the circular dilution opening 100 to the concave surface 146 in the combustion chamber 62. Figure 6 As shown in the flat plan view, the wake suppressor 136 is typically a semi-elliptical element, and... Figure 7In its cross-section, the wake suppressor 136 is typically a dome-shaped element. Therefore, the wake suppressor 136 can be referred to as a semi-elliptical dome-shaped wake suppressor 138.

[0053] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 as well as Figure 2 As shown, the flow passes through the outer channel 88 ( Figure 2 Compressed air 82(B) passes through primary dilution opening 61 as primary dilution air 82(C)P, and through secondary wake suppression dilution opening 63 as secondary dilution air 82(C)S into combustion chamber 62. Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the combustion chamber 62, compressed air 82(B) flows through the upstream side 130 of the circular dilution opening 100 (i.e., the semi-circular half of the circular dilution opening 100 on the upstream side 127 of the reference plane 126) and enters the combustion chamber 62 as primary dilution air 82(C)P. At the downstream side 132 of the circular dilution opening 100, the primary dilution air 82(C)P is deflected by the concave surface 146 of the wake suppressor 136, away from the hot surface side 59 of the outer liner 54. The concave surface 146 and the semi-elliptical dome shape of the wake suppressor 136 reduce (or suppress) any wake that might otherwise occur at the downstream side 132 of the circular dilution opening 100. Also... Figure 4 As shown, the secondary dilution air 82(C)S flowing through the wedge-shaped dilution opening 102 flows at least partially laterally toward the wake suppressor 136 (i.e., flows in a circumferential component in the circumferential direction C), thereby further reducing the likelihood of a wake forming around the wake suppressor 136.

[0054] Figure 8 Based on the aspects of this disclosure Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the wake suppressor 136. Figure 8 In, with Figure 5 Those components that are the same include the same reference numerals, and the above refers to... Figure 5 The descriptions of those components also apply. Figure 8 .exist Figure 8 In this configuration, one or more wake suppression airflow channels are implemented together with the wake suppressor 136. More specifically, the wake suppression airflow channel 148 may extend through the downstream side 132 of the circular dilution opening 100 and through the wake suppressor 136. Additionally, or alternatively, the wake suppression airflow channel 150 may extend through the outer liner 54 and through the wake suppressor 136. Both the wake suppression airflow channel 148 and the wake suppression airflow channel 150 provide a flow of dilution air 82(C) passing through them into the combustion chamber 62 to further suppress the formation of a wake downstream of the primary dilution opening 61.

[0055] Figure 9is a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the wake suppressor 136 according to aspects of the present disclosure. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the wake suppressor 136 according to aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the wake suppressor 136 according to aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 8 Elements that are the same as those of the Figure 8 include the same reference numbers, and the descriptions of those elements provided above for the Figure 9 also apply to the Figure 9 In the , the at least one wake suppression airflow passage 152 extends through the outer liner 54 and through the wake suppressor 136 in the upstream direction 153. The at least one wake suppression airflow passage 152 provides a flow of dilution air 82(C) through it, into the combustion chamber 62 in the upstream direction 153 around the wake suppressor 136, to further suppress the formation of a wake downstream of the primary dilution opening 61.

[0056] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the wake suppressor 136 according to aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 4 is a plan view of a portion of an alternative arrangement of the primary dilution opening 61 and the secondary wake suppression dilution opening 63 according to aspects of the present disclosure. Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the wake suppressor 136 according to aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative arrangement of the wake suppressor 136 according to aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 10 Elements that are the same as those of the Figure 10 and Figure 11 include the same reference numbers, and the descriptions of those elements provided above for the Figure 4 also apply to the Figure 4 and the Figure 10 In the Figure 11 and Figure 10 , as opposed to the Figure 11 , the wake suppressor 136 is not included. As a result of the absence of the wake suppressor 136, a dilution wake zone 134 can form on the downstream side 132 of the circular dilution opening 100. However, as described above for the Figure 4 , the secondary dilution air 82(C)S flowing through the wedge-shaped dilution opening 102 at least partially flows laterally (i.e., flows with a circumferential component in the circumferential direction C, as shown in dashed lines) toward the dilution wake zone 134. The laterally flowing secondary dilution air 82(C)S mixes with the combustion gases 86 within the dilution wake zone 134, thereby providing a dilution airflow to the dilution wake zone 134, thereby reducing or suppressing the dilution wake zone 134. Figure 4

[0057] is a plan view of a cold surface side of an alternative arrangement of a portion of the outer liner according to aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 12 , elements that are the same as those of the Figure 3 include the same reference numbers, and the descriptions of those elements provided above for the Figure 12 also apply to the Figure 3The same components in those aspects include the same reference numerals, and the above refers to... Figure 3 The descriptions of those same components also apply. Figure 12 In this respect. However, Figure 12 Alternative arrangement and Figure 3 One difference between the arrangements is that the secondary wake suppression and dilution opening 63, and more specifically, the wedge-shaped dilution opening 102, is arranged at an angle 156 relative to the burner centerline axis 12'. By tilting the secondary wake suppression and dilution opening 63 at an angle 156, the secondary dilution air 82(C)S flow can be provided into the combustion chamber 62 in a circumferential flow component. The circumferential component can be aligned with the swirl direction 67 (of the combustion gases 86 within the combustion chamber 62). Figure 2 ) Matching. Although Figure 12 The secondary wake suppression dilution opening 63 is depicted tilted and implemented in conjunction with the wake suppressor 136, but Figure 10 The secondary wake suppression and dilution opening 63 (in which no wake suppressor 136 is implemented) can also be tilted at an angle of 156, such as Figure 12 As shown.

[0058] Each of the above aspects includes a secondary wake suppression and dilution opening 63, which is a wedge-shaped dilution opening 102 and is typically a triangular opening. However, the secondary wake suppression and dilution opening 63 may have a shape different from a wedge shape. Figure 13 A flat plan view of the cold surface side 57 of the outer lining 54 according to an aspect of this disclosure is depicted. Figure 3 The alternative arrangement of the cold surface side 57 of the outer lining 54. Figure 13 In, with Figure 3 Those components that are the same include the same reference numerals, and the above refers to... Figure 3 The descriptions of those components also apply. Figure 13 In terms of... Figure 13 In the diagram, multiple secondary wake suppression and dilution openings 63 are shown as teardrop-shaped dilution openings 158. Each teardrop-shaped dilution opening 158 includes a centroid 160, which can be arranged along a reference plane 118. The centerline axis 161 of the teardrop-shaped dilution opening 158 extends through the centroid 160 and is parallel to the burner centerline axis 12'. Figure 13 As shown, the teardrop-shaped dilution opening 158 is arranged approximately symmetrically with respect to the central axis 161. However, the teardrop-shaped dilution opening 158 can be tilted at an angle 162, such that the central axis 161 extends at an angle 162. Figure 13 In the diagram, not shown, a wake suppressor 136 is included. Figure 3 ),but Figure 13 This aspect can be compared with the above-mentioned aspects. Figure 3 The same manner of description includes wake suppressor 136.

[0059] Figure 14 A flat plan view of the cold surface side 57 of the outer lining 54 according to an aspect of this disclosure is depicted. Figure 3 Another alternative arrangement for the cold-surface side 57 of the outer lining 54. Figure 14 In, with Figure 3 Those components that are the same include the same reference numerals, and the above refers to... Figure 3 The descriptions of those components also apply. Figure 14 In terms of... Figure 14 In the diagram, multiple secondary wake suppression and dilution openings 63 are shown as V-shaped dilution openings 164. Each V-shaped dilution opening 164 includes a centroid 166, which is arranged along a reference plane 118. The centerline axis 168 of the V-shaped dilution opening 164 extends through the centroid 166 and is parallel to the burner centerline axis 12'. Figure 14 As shown, the V-shaped dilution opening 164 is arranged approximately symmetrically with respect to the centerline axis 168. However, the V-shaped dilution opening 164 can be tilted at an angle 170°, causing the centerline axis 168 to extend at an angle 170°. Figure 14 In the diagram, not shown, a wake suppressor 136 is included. Figure 3 ),but Figure 14 This aspect can be compared with the above-mentioned aspects. Figure 3 The same manner of description includes wake suppressor 136.

[0060] Figure 15 A flat plan view of the cold surface side 57 of the outer lining 54 according to an aspect of this disclosure is depicted. Figure 3 Another alternative arrangement for the cold-surface side 57 of the outer lining 54. Figure 15 In, with Figure 3 Those components that are the same include the same reference numerals, and the above refers to... Figure 3 The descriptions of those components also apply. Figure 15 In terms of... Figure 15 In the diagram, multiple secondary wake suppression and dilution openings 63 are shown as rhomboid dilution openings 172. Each rhomboid dilution opening 172 includes a centroid 174, which is arranged along a reference plane 118. The centerline axis 176 of the rhomboid dilution opening 172 extends through the centroid 174 and is parallel to the burner centerline axis 12'. Figure 15 As shown, the rhomboid dilution openings 172 are arranged approximately symmetrically with respect to the central axis 176. However, the rhomboid dilution openings 172 can be tilted at an angle 178, such that the central axis 176 extends at an angle 178. Figure 15 In the diagram, not shown, a wake suppressor 136 is included. Figure 3 ),but Figure 15 This aspect can be compared with the above-mentioned aspects. Figure 3The described outer liner 54 includes the wake suppressor 136 in the same manner as described above.

[0061] Figure 16 is a flat plan view of the cold surface side 57 of the outer liner 54 according to aspects of the present disclosure, depicting Figure 3 is another alternative arrangement of the cold surface side 57 of the outer liner 54. In Figure 16 , elements that are the same as those of Figure 3 include the same reference numbers, and the description of those elements provided above for Figure 3 also applies to Figure 16 aspects. In Figure 16 , the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings 63 are shown as isosceles trapezoidal dilution openings 180. Each isosceles trapezoidal dilution opening 180 includes a centroid 182, which can be arranged along the reference plane 118. A centerline axis 184 of the isosceles trapezoidal dilution opening 180 extends through the centroid 182 and is parallel to the combustor centerline axis 12'. As shown in Figure 16 , the isosceles trapezoidal dilution openings 180 are arranged generally symmetrically with respect to the centerline axis 184. However, the isosceles trapezoidal dilution openings 180 can be tilted at an angle 186, such that the centerline axis 184 extends at the angle 186. In Figure 16 , the wake suppressor 136 is not shown to include the wake suppressor 136 Figure 3 , but Figure 16 aspects can include the wake suppressor 136 in the same manner as described above for Figure 3 .

[0062] Figure 17 is a flat plan view of the cold surface side 57 of the outer liner 54 according to aspects of the present disclosure, depicting Figure 3 is another alternative arrangement of the cold surface side 57 of the outer liner 54. In Figure 17 , elements that are the same as those of Figure 3 include the same reference numbers, and the description of those elements provided above for Figure 3 also applies to Figure 17 aspects. In Figure 17 , the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings 63 are shown as shield-shaped dilution openings 188. Each shield-shaped dilution opening 188 includes a centroid 190, which can be arranged along the reference plane 118. A centerline axis 192 of the shield-shaped dilution opening 188 extends through the centroid 190 and is parallel to the combustor centerline axis 12'. As shown in Figure 17 , the shield-shaped dilution openings 188 are arranged generally symmetrically with respect to the centerline axis 192. However, the shield-shaped dilution openings 188 can be tilted at an angle 194, such that the centerline axis 192 extends at the angle 194. In Figure 17 , the wake suppressor 136 is not shown to include the wake suppressor 136 Figure 3 , butFigure 17 Aspects can include a wake suppressor 136 in the same manner as described above with respect to Figure 3

[0063] Figure 18 is a flat plan view of the cold surface side 57 of the outer liner 54 according to an aspect of the present disclosure, depicting Figure 3 another alternative arrangement of the cold surface side 57 of the outer liner 54. In Figure 18 , elements that are the same as those of Figure 3 include the same reference numbers, and the description of those elements provided above with respect to Figure 3 also applies to Figure 18 aspects. In Figure 18 , the plurality of secondary wake-suppressing dilution openings 63 are shown as horn-shaped dilution openings 196. Each horn-shaped dilution opening 196 includes a center of mass 198, which can be arranged along the reference plane 118. A centerline axis 200 of the horn-shaped dilution opening 196 extends through the center of mass 199 and is parallel to the combustor centerline axis 12'. As Figure 18 shown, the horn-shaped dilution openings 196 are arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the centerline axis 200. However, the horn-shaped dilution openings 196 can be tilted at an angle 202, such that the centerline axis 200 extends at the angle 202. In Figure 18 , the wake suppressor 136 Figure 3 is not shown, but Figure 18 aspects can include a wake suppressor 136 in the same manner as described above with respect to Figure 3 .

[0064] In each of the aspects described above, the primary dilution openings 61 are described as circular dilution openings 100. However, the primary dilution openings 61 are not limited to circular dilution openings 100, but can implement other shapes. Figure 19 is a flat plan view of the cold surface side 57 of the outer liner 54 according to an aspect of the present disclosure, depicting Figure 3 another alternative arrangement of the cold surface side 57 of the outer liner 54. In Figure 19 , elements that are the same as those of Figure 3 include the same reference numbers, and the description of those elements provided above with respect to Figure 3 also applies to Figure 19 aspects. In Figure 19 ​In the diagram, multiple primary dilution openings 61 are shown as elliptical dilution openings 204. The elliptical dilution opening 204 includes a centroid 206 that can be arranged along the reference plane 126, and can be arranged such that the major axis 208 extends in the longitudinal direction (L) relative to the burner centerline axis 12', and the minor axis 210 extends in the circumferential direction (C). Alternatively, an elliptical dilution opening 204' can be implemented, wherein the elliptical dilution opening 204' has a centroid 206' arranged along the reference plane 126, but the major axis 212 extends in the circumferential direction (C), and the minor axis 214 extends in the longitudinal direction (L).

[0065] Figure 20 A flat plan view of the cold surface side 57 of the outer lining 54 according to an aspect of this disclosure is depicted. Figure 3 Another alternative arrangement for the cold-surface side 57 of the outer lining 54. Figure 20 In, with Figure 3 Those components that are the same include the same reference numerals, and the above refers to... Figure 3 The descriptions of those components also apply. Figure 20 In terms of... Figure 20 In the diagram, multiple primary dilution openings 61 are shown as semi-circular dilution openings 216. Figure 20 In the diagram, the semi-circular dilution opening 216 is shown having an upstream edge 218 (straight portion) arranged along the reference plane 126 and an arched portion 219 arranged downstream of the reference plane 126. However, the semi-circular dilution opening 216 can be arranged such that the upstream edge 218 is located on the upstream side 127 of the reference plane 126, or on the downstream side 129 of the reference plane 126. Compared to the circular dilution opening 100, the semi-circular dilution opening 216 can provide greater lateral diffusion of the primary dilution air 82(C)P.

[0066] Figure 21 A flat plan view of the cold surface side 57 of the outer lining 54 according to an aspect of this disclosure is depicted. Figure 3 Another alternative arrangement for the cold-surface side 57 of the outer lining 54. Figure 21 In, with Figure 3 Those components that are the same include the same reference numerals, and the above refers to... Figure 3 The descriptions of those components also apply. Figure 21 In terms of... Figure 21 In the middle, multiple secondary wake suppression and dilution openings 63 are located on the upstream side 127 of the reference plane 126, instead of as... Figure 3 The figure shows the downstream side 129 of reference plane 126. In Figure 21In the diagram, the centroid 120 of each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression and dilution openings 63 is shown arranged along a reference plane 220, which is offset longitudinally by an offset 222 on the upstream side 127 of the reference plane 126. Furthermore, in Figure 21 In this arrangement, the centroid 120 of each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression and dilution openings 63 may be arranged circumferentially aligned with the center 104 of a corresponding primary dilution opening in the plurality of primary dilution openings 61. Alternatively, as shown in dashed lines, the centroid 120 of each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression and dilution openings 63 may be circumferentially offset from the center 104 by a circumferential offset 122. In yet another arrangement, the outer liner 54 may include both circumferentially aligned secondary wake suppression and dilution openings 63 (as shown in solid lines) and circumferentially offset secondary wake suppression and dilution openings 63 (as shown in dashed lines).

[0067] Figure 22 Based on aspects of this disclosure Figure 21 A cross-sectional view taken at point 22-22 of the plane. Figure 22 In the diagram, the primary dilution opening 61 is shown inclined at an upstream angle 224 relative to the radial direction (R) in the upstream direction 153, and the secondary wake suppression dilution opening 63 is shown inclined at a downstream angle 226 relative to the radial direction (R) in the downstream direction 145. Therefore, secondary dilution air 82(C)S flows into the combustion chamber 62 in the downstream direction 145, and primary dilution air 82(C)P flows into the combustion chamber 62 in the upstream direction 153, causing the two dilution airflows (82(C)P and 82(C)S) to merge.

[0068] Figure 23 A flat plan view of the cold surface side 57 of the outer lining 54 according to an aspect of this disclosure is depicted. Figure 21 Another alternative arrangement for the cold-surface side 57 of the outer lining 54. Figure 23 In, with Figure 21 Those components that are the same include the same reference numerals, and the above refers to... Figure 21 The descriptions of those components also apply. Figure 23 aspect. Figure 23 aspect and Figure 21 One difference between the two is the orientation of the multiple secondary wake suppression and dilution openings 63, because, in Figure 23 In this aspect, the apex 228 of multiple secondary wake suppression and dilution openings 63 are arranged on the downstream side, rather than as... Figure 21 The arrangement shown is on the upstream side.

[0069] Figure 24 The plan view of the cold surface side 57 of the outer lining 54 according to an aspect of this disclosure depicts... Figure 3Another alternative arrangement for the cold-surface side 57 of the outer lining 54. Figure 24 In, with Figure 3 Those components that are the same include the same reference numerals, and the above refers to... Figure 3 The descriptions of those components also apply. Figure 24 In terms of. Figure 24 In the diagram, multiple primary dilution openings 61 are shown as semi-circular dilution openings 230. Figure 24 In the diagram, the semi-circular dilution opening 230 is shown having a 130 disposed upstream of the primary dilution opening 61. Figure 6 The semicircular dilution opening 230 has a rounded edge 231 and a downstream edge 232 (e.g., a generally straight edge) arranged along the reference plane 126. However, the semicircular dilution opening 230 can be arranged such that the downstream edge 232 is located on the upstream side 127 or the downstream side 129 of the reference plane 126. Figure 24 In this configuration, the wake suppressor 136 is included together with the semi-circular dilution opening 230 and is arranged along the downstream edge 232. Figure 24 In the wake suppressor 136, a concave surface 236 extends from the downstream edge 232 on the upstream side 234 of the wake suppressor 136. The concave surface 236 may be similar to concave surface 146. Figure 5 The secondary wake suppression and dilution opening 63 may be included in... Figure 24 In this respect, it can also be optional, and is therefore shown in dashed lines. When compared with the circular dilution opening 100, the semi-circular dilution opening 230 can provide more lateral diffusion of the primary dilution air 82(C)P.

[0070] Further aspects of this disclosure are provided by the subject matter of the following clauses.

[0071] A combustor for a gas turbine, the combustor comprising: an outer shell and an inner shell, both extending circumferentially about a combustor centerline axis; an outer liner extending circumferentially about the combustor centerline axis; and an inner liner extending circumferentially about the combustor centerline axis, a combustion chamber defined between the outer liner and the inner liner, an outer flow channel defined between the outer shell and the outer liner, and an inner flow channel defined between the inner shell and the inner liner, wherein at least one of the outer liner or the inner liner includes (a) a plurality of primary dilution openings, (a) Multiple primary dilution openings extend through the primary dilution airflow to the combustion chamber, and (b) multiple secondary wake suppression dilution openings extend through the secondary dilution airflow to the combustion chamber. The respective secondary wake suppression dilution openings are arranged adjacent to the respective primary dilution openings in the primary dilution openings to provide secondary dilution airflow, thereby suppressing the wake formed in the primary dilution airflow downstream of the primary dilution openings.

[0072] The combustor of any preceding paragraph wherein a total primary dilution effective flow area of the plurality of primary dilution openings and a total secondary dilution effective flow area of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings define a total dilution effective flow area of the dilution air, and a ratio of the total secondary dilution effective flow area to the total dilution effective flow area is in a range of five percent to forty percent.

[0073] The combustor of any preceding paragraph wherein the plurality of primary dilution openings are circumferentially spaced apart from one another, and the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings are circumferentially spaced apart from one another.

[0074] The combustor of any preceding paragraph wherein each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is circumferentially offset from a respective primary dilution opening of the plurality of primary dilution openings.

[0075] The combustor of any preceding paragraph wherein each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is longitudinally offset from the plurality of primary dilution openings with respect to the combustor centerline axis.

[0076] The combustor of any preceding paragraph wherein each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a teardrop-shaped dilution opening.

[0077] The combustor of any preceding paragraph wherein each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a V-shaped dilution opening.

[0078] The combustor of any preceding paragraph wherein each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a rhombus-shaped dilution opening.

[0079] The combustor of any preceding paragraph wherein each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is an isosceles trapezoidal dilution opening.

[0080] The combustor of any preceding paragraph wherein each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a shield-shaped dilution opening.

[0081] The combustor of any preceding paragraph wherein each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a trumpet-shaped dilution opening.

[0082] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein each primary dilution opening is a semi-circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake inhibitor dilution openings is a wedge-shaped dilution opening, the rounded edge of the semi-circular dilution opening being disposed on an upstream side of the primary dilution opening.

[0083] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein at least one of the plurality of primary dilution openings includes a wake inhibitor disposed on a downstream edge of the semi-circular dilution opening and extending into the combustion chamber.

[0084] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein the wake inhibitor is a semi-elliptical dome-shaped wake inhibitor, and an upstream side of the wake inhibitor includes a concave surface extending into the combustion chamber from the downstream edge of the semi-circular dilution opening.

[0085] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein at least one of the outer or inner liners further includes at least one secondary air flow opening extending therethrough downstream of the primary dilution opening and extending through the wake inhibitor to provide a secondary air flow into the combustion chamber downstream of the primary dilution opening.

[0086] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake inhibitor dilution openings is a wedge-shaped dilution opening.

[0087] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein at least one of the secondary wake inhibitor dilution openings is inclined relative to a longitudinal direction of the combustor centerline axis.

[0088] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein at least one of the plurality of primary dilution openings includes a wake inhibitor disposed on a downstream side of the circular dilution opening and extending into the combustion chamber.

[0089] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein the wake inhibitor is a semi-elliptical dome-shaped, and an upstream surface of the wake inhibitor includes a concave surface extending into the combustion chamber from the downstream side of the circular dilution opening.

[0090] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein the upstream surface of the wake inhibitor is inclined to direct a flow of the primary dilution air in a downstream direction within the combustion chamber.

[0091] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein the primary dilution opening is an elliptical opening.

[0092] According to any of the preceding clauses, the burner has an elliptical dilution opening having a major axis and a minor axis relative to the burner centerline axis, wherein the major axis extends longitudinally relative to the burner centerline axis and the minor axis extends circumferentially relative to the burner centerline axis.

[0093] According to any of the preceding clauses, the burner has an elliptical dilution opening having a major axis and a minor axis relative to the burner centerline axis, wherein the major axis extends in the circumferential direction relative to the burner centerline axis and the minor axis extends in the longitudinal direction relative to the burner centerline axis.

[0094] According to any of the preceding clauses, the burner has an elliptical dilution opening comprising a centroid arranged along a first reference plane, and a secondary wake suppression dilution opening having a centroid arranged along a second reference plane downstream of the first reference plane.

[0095] According to any of the preceding clauses, the primary dilution opening is a semi-circular dilution opening having an arched portion and a straight portion.

[0096] According to any of the preceding clauses, the straight portion is the upstream edge of the semi-circular dilution opening, and the upstream edge is arranged along a reference plane extending perpendicular to the burner centerline axis.

[0097] According to any of the preceding clauses, the straight portion is the upstream edge of the semi-circular dilution opening, and the upstream edge is arranged upstream of a reference plane extending perpendicular to the burner centerline axis.

[0098] According to any of the preceding clauses, the straight portion is the upstream edge of the semi-circular dilution opening, and the upstream edge is arranged downstream of a reference plane extending perpendicular to the burner centerline axis.

[0099] According to any of the preceding clauses, the burner wherein the primary dilution opening includes a wake suppressor disposed downstream of the arched portion.

[0100] According to any of the preceding clauses, the centroid of each of the plurality of primary dilution openings is arranged along a reference plane extending perpendicular to the burner centerline axis, and the centroid of each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is arranged upstream of the reference plane.

[0101] According to any of the preceding clauses, a corresponding one of the plurality of secondary wake suppression and dilution openings is arranged upstream of a corresponding one of the plurality of primary dilution openings.

[0102] According to any of the preceding clauses, the centroid of a corresponding one of the plurality of secondary wake suppression and dilution openings and the centroid of a corresponding one of the plurality of primary dilution openings are longitudinally aligned with each other.

[0103] According to any of the preceding clauses, the centroid of a corresponding one of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings and the centroid of a corresponding one of the plurality of primary dilution openings are longitudinally offset from each other.

[0104] According to any of the preceding clauses, each of the plurality of primary dilution openings includes a wake suppressor arranged along the downstream side of the primary dilution opening.

[0105] According to any of the preceding clauses, each of the plurality of primary dilution openings is inclined at an upstream angle through the burner liner in the upstream direction, and each secondary wake suppression dilution opening is inclined at a downstream angle in the downstream direction.

[0106] According to any of the preceding clauses, each secondary wake suppression dilution opening is a wedge-shaped dilution opening, and the apex of the wedge-shaped dilution opening is arranged on the upstream side of the wedge-shaped dilution opening.

[0107] According to any of the preceding clauses, each secondary wake suppression dilution opening is a wedge-shaped dilution opening, and the apex of the wedge-shaped dilution opening is arranged on the downstream side of the wedge-shaped dilution opening.

[0108] A combustor for a gas turbine, the combustor comprising: an outer shell and an inner shell, both extending circumferentially about a combustor centerline axis; an outer liner extending circumferentially about the combustor centerline axis; and an inner liner extending circumferentially about the combustor centerline axis, a combustion chamber defined between the outer liner and the inner liner, an outer flow channel defined between the outer shell and the outer liner, and an inner flow channel defined between the inner shell and the inner liner, wherein at least one of the outer liner or the inner liner includes (a) a plurality of primary dilution openings extending therethrough to allow primary dilution airflow (a) Provided to the combustion chamber, and (b) a plurality of secondary wake suppression and dilution openings extending therethrough to provide secondary dilution airflow to the combustion chamber, wherein a corresponding secondary wake suppression and dilution opening among the plurality of secondary wake suppression and dilution openings is arranged adjacent to a corresponding primary dilution opening among the primary dilution openings to provide secondary dilution airflow, thereby suppressing the wake formed in the primary dilution airflow downstream of the primary dilution opening, and wherein each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression and dilution openings is a wedge-shaped dilution opening.

[0109] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein at least one of the plurality of primary dilution openings comprises a wake inhibitor arranged on a downstream side of the circular dilution opening and extending into the combustion chamber.

[0110] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein at least one of the plurality of primary dilution openings comprises a wake inhibitor arranged on a downstream side of the circular dilution opening and extending into the combustion chamber.

[0111] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein the wake inhibitor is semi-elliptical dome shaped and an upstream surface of the wake inhibitor comprises a concave surface extending into the combustion chamber from the downstream side of the circular dilution opening.

[0112] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein an upstream surface of the wake inhibitor is inclined to direct a flow of the primary dilution air in a downstream direction within the combustion chamber.

[0113] A combustor for a gas turbine, the combustor comprising: an outer shell and an inner shell each extending circumferentially about a combustor centerline axis; an outer liner extending circumferentially about the combustor centerline axis; and an inner liner extending circumferentially about the combustor centerline axis, a combustion chamber being defined between the outer liner and the inner liner, an outer flow passage being defined between the outer shell and the outer liner, and an inner flow passage being defined between the inner shell and the inner liner, wherein at least one of the outer liner or the inner liner comprises (a) a plurality of primary dilution openings extending therethrough to provide a flow of primary dilution air into the combustion chamber, and (b) a plurality of secondary wake-inhibiting dilution openings extending therethrough to provide a flow of secondary dilution air into the combustion chamber, a respective one of the plurality of secondary wake-inhibiting dilution openings being arranged adjacent to a respective one of the primary dilution openings to provide the flow of secondary dilution air to inhibit a wake formed in the flow of primary dilution air on a downstream side of the primary dilution opening, and wherein each of the primary dilution openings is a circular dilution opening and each of the plurality of secondary wake-inhibiting dilution openings is a trumpet-shaped dilution opening.

[0114] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein each of the primary dilution openings is a semi-circular dilution opening and each of the plurality of secondary wake-inhibiting dilution openings is a wedge-shaped dilution opening, a circular edge of the semi-circular dilution opening being arranged on an upstream side of the primary dilution opening.

[0115] The combustor of any preceding clause, wherein at least one of the plurality of primary dilution openings comprises a wake inhibitor arranged on a downstream side of the circular dilution opening and extending into the combustion chamber.

[0116] The combustor of any preceding paragraph, wherein the wake suppressor is a semi-elliptical dome-shaped wake suppressor, and the upstream side of the wake suppressor includes a concave surface extending into the combustion chamber from a downstream edge of the semi-circular dilution opening.

[0117] The combustor of any preceding paragraph, wherein at least one of the outer liner or the inner liner further includes at least one secondary airflow opening extending therethrough downstream of the primary dilution opening and extending through the wake suppressor to provide a secondary airflow into the combustion chamber downstream of the primary dilution opening.

[0118] A gas turbine engine including, in serial flow relationship, a compressor section, a combustor, and a turbine section, the compressor section providing a compressed air flow to the combustor, the combustor including: an outer casing and an inner casing each extending circumferentially about a combustor centerline axis; an outer liner extending circumferentially about the combustor centerline axis; and an inner liner extending circumferentially about the combustor centerline axis, a combustion chamber defined between the outer liner and the inner liner, an outer flow passage defined between the outer casing and the outer liner, and an inner flow passage defined between the inner casing and the inner liner, wherein at least one of the outer liner or the inner liner includes (a) a plurality of primary dilution openings extending therethrough to provide a primary dilution air flow into the combustion chamber, and (b) a plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings extending therethrough to provide a secondary dilution air flow into the combustion chamber, a respective one of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings being disposed proximate to a respective one of the primary dilution openings to provide the secondary dilution air flow to suppress a wake formed in the primary dilution air flow on a downstream side of the primary dilution opening.

[0119] The gas turbine engine of the preceding paragraph, wherein a total primary dilution effective flow area of the plurality of primary dilution openings and a total secondary dilution effective flow area of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings define a total dilution effective flow area of dilution air, and a ratio of the total secondary dilution effective flow area to the total dilution effective flow area is in a range of five percent to forty percent.

[0120] The gas turbine engine of any preceding paragraph, wherein the plurality of primary dilution openings are circumferentially spaced apart from one another, and the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings are circumferentially spaced apart from one another.

[0121] The gas turbine engine of any preceding paragraph, wherein each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is circumferentially offset from a respective one of the plurality of primary dilution openings.

[0122] According to any of the preceding clauses, in a gas turbine engine, each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression and dilution openings is longitudinally offset relative to the combustor centerline axis from the plurality of primary dilution openings.

[0123] According to any of the preceding clauses, in a gas turbine engine, each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a teardrop-shaped dilution opening.

[0124] According to any of the preceding clauses, in a gas turbine engine, each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a V-shaped dilution opening.

[0125] According to any of the preceding clauses, in a gas turbine engine, each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a diamond-shaped dilution opening.

[0126] According to any of the preceding clauses, in a gas turbine engine, each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is an isosceles trapezoidal dilution opening.

[0127] According to any of the preceding clauses, each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a shield-shaped dilution opening.

[0128] According to any of the preceding clauses, in a gas turbine engine, each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a horn-shaped dilution opening.

[0129] According to any of the preceding clauses, in a gas turbine engine, each primary dilution opening is a semi-circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a wedge-shaped dilution opening, with the rounded edge of the semi-circular dilution opening disposed upstream of the primary dilution opening.

[0130] According to any of the preceding clauses, in a gas turbine engine, at least one of a plurality of primary dilution openings includes a wake suppressor disposed on the downstream edge of the semi-circular dilution opening and extending into the combustion chamber.

[0131] According to any of the preceding clauses, the gas turbine engine has a semi-elliptical dome-shaped wake suppressor, and the upstream side of the wake suppressor includes a concave surface extending from the downstream edge of the semi-circular dilution opening into the combustion chamber.

[0132] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding clause, wherein at least one of the outer liner or the inner liner further comprises at least one secondary airflow opening extending therethrough downstream of the primary dilution opening and extending through the wake suppressor to provide a secondary airflow into the combustion chamber downstream of the primary dilution opening.

[0133] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding clause, wherein each primary dilution opening is a circular dilution opening and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a wedge-shaped dilution opening.

[0134] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding clause, wherein at least one secondary wake suppression dilution opening is inclined relative to a longitudinal direction of the combustor centerline axis.

[0135] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding clause, wherein at least one of the plurality of primary dilution openings comprises a wake suppressor disposed on a downstream side of the circular dilution opening and extending into the combustion chamber.

[0136] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding clause, wherein the wake suppressor is a semi-elliptical dome and an upstream surface of the wake suppressor comprises a concave surface extending into the combustion chamber from the downstream side of the circular dilution opening.

[0137] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding clause, wherein an upstream surface of the wake suppressor is inclined to direct a flow of the primary dilution air in a downstream direction within the combustion chamber.

[0138] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding clause, wherein the primary dilution opening is an elliptical opening.

[0139] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding clause, wherein the elliptical dilution opening has a major axis and a minor axis relative to the combustor centerline axis, and the major axis extends in a longitudinal direction relative to the combustor centerline axis and the minor axis extends in a circumferential direction relative to the combustor centerline axis.

[0140] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding clause, wherein the elliptical dilution opening has a major axis and a minor axis relative to the combustor centerline axis, and the major axis extends in a circumferential direction relative to the combustor centerline axis and the minor axis extends in a longitudinal direction relative to the combustor centerline axis.

[0141] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding clause, wherein the elliptical dilution opening comprises a centroid disposed along a first reference plane and the secondary wake suppression dilution opening has a centroid disposed along a second reference plane downstream of the first reference plane.

[0142] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding paragraph, wherein the primary dilution opening is a semi-circular dilution opening having an arcuate portion and a straight portion.

[0143] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding paragraph, wherein the straight portion is an upstream edge of the semi-circular dilution opening, and the upstream edge is disposed along a reference plane extending perpendicular to the combustor centerline axis.

[0144] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding paragraph, wherein the straight portion is an upstream edge of the semi-circular dilution opening, and the upstream edge is disposed upstream of a reference plane extending perpendicular to the combustor centerline axis.

[0145] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding paragraph, wherein the straight portion is an upstream edge of the semi-circular dilution opening, and the upstream edge is disposed downstream of a reference plane extending perpendicular to the combustor centerline axis.

[0146] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding paragraph, wherein the primary dilution opening includes a wake suppressor disposed downstream of the arcuate portion.

[0147] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding paragraph, wherein a centroid of each of the plurality of primary dilution openings is disposed along a reference plane extending perpendicular to the combustor centerline axis, and a centroid of each of the plurality of secondary wake-suppressing dilution openings is disposed upstream of the reference plane.

[0148] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding paragraph, wherein a respective one of the plurality of secondary wake-suppressing dilution openings is disposed upstream of a respective one of the plurality of primary dilution openings.

[0149] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding paragraph, wherein a centroid of a respective one of the plurality of secondary wake-suppressing dilution openings and a centroid of a respective one of the plurality of primary dilution openings are longitudinally aligned with one another.

[0150] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding paragraph, wherein a centroid of a respective one of the plurality of secondary wake-suppressing dilution openings and a centroid of a respective one of the plurality of primary dilution openings are longitudinally offset from one another.

[0151] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding paragraph, wherein each of the plurality of primary dilution openings includes a wake suppressor disposed along a downstream side of the primary dilution opening.

[0152] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding paragraph, wherein each of the plurality of primary dilution openings is inclined through the combustor liner in an upstream direction at an upstream angle, and each secondary wake-suppressing dilution opening is inclined in a downstream direction at a downstream angle.

[0153] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding paragraph, wherein each secondary wake mitigating dilution opening is a wedge dilution opening, and an apex of the wedge dilution opening is disposed on an upstream side of the wedge dilution opening.

[0154] The gas turbine engine according to any preceding paragraph, wherein each secondary wake mitigating dilution opening is a wedge dilution opening, and an apex of the wedge dilution opening is disposed on a downstream side of the wedge dilution opening.

[0155] While the above description has been directed to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, other variations and modifications will be apparent to the skilled person and can be made without departing from the present disclosure. Furthermore, features described in conjunction with one embodiment can also be used in conjunction with other embodiments, even if such a combination is not explicitly stated above.

Claims

1. A combustor for a gas turbine, characterized by, The burner includes: The outer shell and the inner shell both extend circumferentially around the central axis of the burner; The outer liner extends circumferentially about the burner's centerline axis; and An inner liner extends circumferentially about the burner's centerline axis; a combustion chamber is defined between the outer liner and the inner liner; an outer flow channel is defined between the outer shell and the outer liner; and an inner flow channel is defined between the inner shell and the inner liner. Wherein, at least one of the outer liner or the inner liner includes: (a) a plurality of primary dilution openings extending therethrough to provide a primary dilution airflow into the combustion chamber; and (b) a plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings extending therethrough to provide a secondary dilution airflow into the combustion chamber, wherein a corresponding secondary wake suppression dilution opening is arranged adjacent to a corresponding primary dilution opening in the primary dilution opening to provide the secondary dilution airflow, thereby suppressing a wake formed in the primary dilution airflow downstream of the primary dilution opening.

2. The burner of claim 1, wherein The total primary dilution effective flow area of ​​the plurality of primary dilution openings and the total secondary dilution effective flow area of ​​the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings define the total dilution effective flow area of ​​the dilution air, and the ratio of the total secondary dilution effective flow area to the total dilution effective flow area is in the range of 5% to 40%.

3. The burner of claim 1, wherein At least one of the plurality of primary dilution openings includes a wake suppressor disposed on the downstream edge of the primary dilution opening and extending into the combustion chamber.

4. The burner of claim 3, wherein The wake suppressor is a semi-elliptical dome-shaped wake suppressor, and the upstream side of the wake suppressor includes a concave surface extending from the downstream edge of the primary dilution opening into the combustion chamber.

5. The burner of claim 4, wherein At least one of the outer liner or the inner liner further includes at least one secondary airflow opening that extends downstream of the primary dilution opening and through the wake suppressor to provide secondary airflow into the combustion chamber downstream of the primary dilution opening.

6. The burner of claim 1, wherein The plurality of primary dilution openings are circumferentially spaced from each other, and the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings are circumferentially spaced from each other.

7. The burner of claim 6, wherein Each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is circumferentially offset from the corresponding primary dilution opening of the plurality of primary dilution openings.

8. The burner of claim 7, wherein Each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression and dilution openings is longitudinally offset relative to the burner centerline axis from the plurality of primary dilution openings.

9. The burner of claim 8, wherein Each of the primary dilution openings is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a teardrop-shaped dilution opening.

10. The burner of claim 8, wherein Each of the primary dilution openings is a circular dilution opening, and each of the plurality of secondary wake suppression dilution openings is a V-shaped dilution opening.

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