Bolt and nut looseness detection device

Abstract

A bolt and nut looseness detection device disclosed by the present invention comprises a mounting mechanism, a detection mechanism, a camera and a marking mechanism, the detection mechanism comprises a box body, a waterproof bin, a jack, a controller and a storage battery, the marking mechanism is composed of a mounting cylinder, an elastic member and a marking pen, the top of the elastic member is fixed to the top in the mounting cylinder, and the bottom of the elastic member is fixed to the marking pen. The elastic piece in the marking mechanism is always in a stress state, the marking pen can be pushed to be in continuous close contact with the bolt mounting plate, even if the bolt generates millimeter-level tiny loosening displacement, the marking pen can synchronously follow and mark a clear displacement mark, and the marking pen is matched with a camera to accurately cover a marking area; the hidden looseness can be converted into a visual mark, the camera captures a mark image and then transmits the mark image to the controller, the controller can accurately record the bolt looseness displacement distance through data processing operation, and full-life-cycle tracking and pre-judgment of the bolt looseness state can be conveniently achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plate processing equipment, and particularly relates to a bolt and nut loosening detection device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the core fields of power transmission and distribution, equipment operation and maintenance, bolts and nuts are the core connecting components of key facilities such as power transmission towers, GIS (gas insulated metal enclosed switch) equipment, transformer groups, and their fastening state is directly related to the stability and safety of power grid operation. In actual use, bolts and nuts are prone to looseness due to factors such as mechanical vibration in long-term operation of power grid equipment, alternating changes in temperature and humidity, and erosion of outdoor harsh environment. If not detected and disposed in time, it may cause poor equipment contact, abnormal partial discharge, or even iron tower structure instability, GIS equipment internal component shedding, transformer oil leakage, and other major faults, even causing large-area power outages, equipment damage, and other serious consequences, bringing huge economic losses and safety responsibility risks to power companies. Therefore, accurate and efficient detection of bolt and nut loosening in the power scene has become a core technical requirement to ensure the reliable operation of the power grid.

[0003] The current mainstream bolt loosening detection method in the power industry still has the outstanding pain point of being difficult to adapt to actual operation and maintenance needs, which is specifically manifested in:

[0004] In the scenes of power transmission towers, outdoor equipment of substations, etc., the number of single-base iron tower bolts can reach more than 20,000, and traditional detection requires 3 operation and maintenance personnel to carry tools such as wrenches to climb to a height of 100 meters, and to twist and check each bolt, which takes more than 2 hours and has a very high labor intensity. The internal bolts of GIS equipment cannot be directly observed by the naked eye, and artificial detection needs to rely on power-off disassembly, which not only seriously affects power supply reliability, but also has detection blind spots. More importantly, the artificial detection result is highly dependent on personnel experience, and the recognition rate of millimeter-level slight loosening is low, and the loosening displacement cannot be quantitatively recorded, making it difficult to realize full-life-cycle tracking monitoring; the high-altitude, high-voltage, and other working environments bring high safety risks to operation and maintenance personnel, which is significantly different from the core requirements of the power industry "safety first, efficient operation and maintenance";

[0005] The automatic detection equipment such as voiceprint recognition, ultrasonic wave, laser sensing and the like appeared in recent years, although it replaces manual operation in some scenes, but still has obvious limitations: the voiceprint detection device can realize fast positioning of tower bolts, but is easily interfered by electromagnetic noise generated by power transmission lines, and the misjudgment rate is significantly increased in complex electromagnetic environment such as a transformer substation; the ultrasonic wave and super high frequency detection technology for GIS equipment are not sensitive enough to pure mechanical vibration type loosening defects, and professional personnel need to carry equipment for on-site operation, so that all-weather real-time monitoring cannot be realized; although the laser and optical fiber sensing equipment have high detection precision, but the installation space and environmental cleanliness are strictly required, and the cost of a single set of equipment is high, so it is difficult to be applied in large-scale in the batch bolt detection scene of power transmission lines and distribution stations. More importantly, most of the existing automatic equipment adopts integrated structure design, and after installation, it is deeply bound with the detected equipment, when the equipment needs to be repaired or the detection point is replaced, the device needs to be disassembled as a whole, which not only increases the operation and maintenance time, but also may cause damage to the original connection structure of the power equipment.

[0006] In addition, in the existing detection technology, there are few schemes that can realize the dual needs of "quantitative recording of small loosening displacement" and "convenient maintenance". Some equipment can detect bolt loosening, but cannot accurately record the loosening displacement, so that the staff cannot judge the severity of loosening; another part of the equipment has displacement recording function, but the overall structure is integrated design, and after installation, it cannot be disassembled, so that the normal operation of the equipment is affected, and the maintenance time and cost are increased.

[0007] Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop a bolt and nut loosening detection device with simple structure, high detection precision, quantitative recording of bolt loosening displacement, and detachable maintenance characteristics, to solve the current industry pain points and improve the efficiency and safety of bolt loosening detection. SUMMARY

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0009] A bolt and nut loosening detection device, comprising a mounting mechanism, a detection mechanism, a camera and a marking mechanism;

[0010] The mounting mechanism is composed of a hexagonal frame, a screw fastener and a plug, four screw fasteners are installed around the outside of the hexagonal frame, and the plug is installed on one side of the hexagonal frame;

[0011] The detection mechanism comprises a box body, a waterproof bin, a jack, a controller and a storage battery, the waterproof bin is installed on one side of the inside of the box body, the controller and the storage battery are arranged in the waterproof bin, a jack adapted to the plug is formed on one side of the box body close to the mounting mechanism, and the detection mechanism is detachably installed on one side of the mounting mechanism through cooperation of the jack and the plug;

[0012] A camera is mounted on one side of the inside of the box body and connected with the controller.

[0013] The marking mechanism is composed of a mounting cylinder, an elastic member and a marking pen, the top of the mounting cylinder is fixed to the upper part of the inside of the box body, the elastic member and the marking pen are mounted in the mounting cylinder, the top of the elastic member is fixed to the top of the inside of the mounting cylinder and the bottom is fixed to the marking pen, and the marking pen extends to the outside of the mounting cylinder.

[0014] Further, the inner contour of the hexagonal frame is adapted to the outer contour of the bolt to be detected, the four screw fasteners are distributed circumferentially along the hexagonal frame, and the end of the screw fastener can penetrate the hexagonal frame and abut against the outer wall of the bolt to realize the fixed installation of the mounting mechanism on the outside of the bolt.

[0015] Further, the plug block and the plug hole are in interference fit or clearance fit, and through the plugging action of the plug block inserted into the plug hole, the mounting mechanism and the detection mechanism are quickly disassembled and assembled, further improving the maintenance convenience.

[0016] Further, the waterproof compartment is used to accommodate the controller and the battery, avoiding the invasion of external water vapor or impurities to affect the normal work of the controller and the battery, and ensuring the stable implementation of the bolt loosening detection function of the device.

[0017] Further, the elastic member is always in a stressed state, and under the action force of the elastic member, the end of the marking pen away from the elastic member is always in contact with the mounting plate of the bolt, ensuring that when the bolt slightly loosens and moves, the marking pen can draw marks in time to be captured by the camera.

[0018] Further, the controller can intermittently and periodically turn on the camera, which reduces the power consumption of the battery and prolongs the use time of the device after single power supply without affecting the bolt loosening detection effect.

[0019] Further, the shooting direction of the camera is towards the mounting plate of the bolt, and the shooting range of the camera covers the marking line area on the mounting plate, ensuring that the displacement marks drawn by the marking pen can be accurately captured to ensure the accuracy of the displacement distance calculation of the controller.

[0020] Further, the inner diameter of the mounting cylinder is adapted to the outer diameter of the marking pen, and the mounting cylinder plays a guiding role in the moving direction of the marking pen, avoiding the inaccurate marking position caused by the deviation of the marking pen, and further affecting the bolt loosening displacement detection precision.

[0021] Further, the battery is electrically connected with the controller and the camera, providing continuous power support for the operation and recording functions of the controller and the marking capturing function of the camera, ensuring that the device can independently complete the bolt loosening detection work.

[0022] Further, the plug block and the hexagonal frame are integrally formed, and the plug hole and the box body are integrally formed, so that the structural strength of the connecting part of the mounting mechanism and the detection mechanism is improved, and the components are prevented from being damaged due to long-term plugging and unplugging.

[0023] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] 1、The elastic member in the marking mechanism is always in a stressed state, which can push the marking pen into continuous close contact with the bolt mounting plate. Even if the bolt has a millimeter-level small loosening displacement, the marking pen can also follow and draw a clear displacement mark in synchronization. In combination with the accurate coverage of the marking area by the camera, the implicit loosening can be converted into a visual mark, thereby completely solving the problems of low identification rate of small loosening in manual detection and easy misjudgment of automatic equipment due to interference. After the camera captures the marking image, the image is transmitted to the controller. The controller can accurately record the loosening displacement distance of the bolt through data processing and operation, so as to not only determine whether the bolt is loosened, but also clearly determine the loosening degree, thereby providing quantitative data support for the operation and maintenance personnel, facilitating the full life cycle tracking and prediction of the loosening state of the bolt, and avoiding the problems of untimely maintenance or over-maintenance due to unknown loosening degree.

[0025] 2、The mounting mechanism and the detection mechanism are detachably connected through the plug block and the plug hole, and the plugging and unplugging assembly can be completed without complex tools. When the device needs to be repaired, the detection bolt point is replaced, or the detection mechanism fails, the mounting mechanism and the detection mechanism only need to be separated, without the need to disassemble the detected equipment or remove the device as a whole, so that the maintenance working hours are greatly shortened, the operation difficulty is reduced, and the problems of complex maintenance of the existing integrated automatic equipment and influence on the operation of the detected equipment are solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] The disclosure of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are only for illustrative purposes, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts.

[0027] Among them:

[0028] Figure 1 is a mounting schematic diagram of the bolt and nut loosening detection device of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the mounting mechanism and the detection mechanism of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 is a bottom view schematic diagram of the mounting mechanism and the detection mechanism of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 is a plug block schematic diagram of the mounting mechanism of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5is the schematic diagram of the jack structure of the detection mechanism of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection mechanism of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the explosion of the marking mechanism of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the top view of the detection mechanism of the present application.

[0036] Figures 1-8 Reference signs: 1, mounting mechanism; 101, hexagonal frame; 102, screw fastener; 103, plug block; 2, detection mechanism; 201, box body; 202, waterproof bin; 203, jack; 204, controller; 205, battery; 3, camera; 4, marking mechanism; 401, mounting cylinder; 402, elastic member; 403, marking pen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] It is easy to understand that those skilled in the art can propose a plurality of structure modes and implementation modes which can be replaced with each other without changing the essential spirit of the present application. Therefore, the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings are only exemplary description of the technical scheme of the present application, and should not be regarded as the whole or as the limitation or restriction of the technical scheme of the present application.

[0038] As Figures 1-8 shown, the technical scheme of the present application is further described in detail as follows in combination with specific embodiments:

[0039] A bolt and nut loosening detection device, comprising a mounting mechanism 1, a detection mechanism 2, a camera 3 and a marking mechanism 4;

[0040] Referring to Figures 1-4 , the mounting mechanism 1 is composed of a hexagonal frame 101, a screw fastener 102 and a plug block 103. The hexagonal frame 101 is a regular hexagonal frame structure, the inner contour of which is adapted to the outer contour of the bolt to be detected, for sleeving the bolt to be detected; four screw fasteners 102 are mounted around the outside of the hexagonal frame 101, and the four screw fasteners 102 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the hexagonal frame 101, the end of the screw fastener 102 can penetrate the side wall of the hexagonal frame 101 and abut against the outer wall of the bolt, so as to fix the mounting mechanism 1 on the bolt and avoid relative displacement between the mounting mechanism 1 and the bolt; the plug block 103 is fixedly installed on one side of the hexagonal frame 101, and the plug block 103 and the hexagonal frame 101 are an integral molding structure, for realizing the connection with the detection mechanism 2;

[0041] Referring to Figures 5-6The detection mechanism 2 comprises a box body 201, a waterproof bin 202, a jack 203, a controller 204 and a storage battery 205. The box body 201 is a cuboid shell structure made of ABS engineering plastic material and has certain impact resistance and corrosion resistance. The waterproof bin 202 is fixedly installed on one side in the box body 201 and is a closed cavity with a waterproof sealing layer of nitrile rubber material attached to the inner wall, for accommodating the controller 204 and the storage battery 205 and isolating external water vapor and impurities. The controller 204 is an STM32 series single-chip microcomputer and has data processing, image analysis and timing control functions. The storage battery 205 is a lithium battery with a capacity not less than 2000mAh. The box body 201 is provided with the jack 203 adapted to the plug block 103 on the side close to the mounting mechanism 1. The jack 203 and the box body 201 are an integral molding structure, and the plug block 103 and the jack 203 are in interference fit or clearance fit. The detection mechanism 2 is detachably installed on one side of the mounting mechanism 1 through the plug-in cooperation of the jack 203 and the plug block 103. The storage battery 205 is electrically connected with the controller 204 and the camera 3 and provides power support for the components of the device.

[0042] With reference to Figures 6-8 The camera 3 is fixedly installed on the side of the box body 201 away from the waterproof bin 202. The camera 3 is a 5 million pixel industrial camera module with a macro lens and an LED fill light and has automatic focusing and lighting functions. The camera 3 is signal connected with the controller 204 through wires. The shooting direction of the camera 3 is toward the mounting plate of the bolt, and the shooting range covers the marking area of the marking pen 403 on the mounting plate, for capturing the displacement marks drawn by the marking pen 403 and transmitting image signals to the controller 204.

[0043] With reference to Figures 6-8 The marking mechanism 4 comprises an installation cylinder 401, an elastic member 402 and a marking pen 403. The installation cylinder 401 is a cylindrical hollow cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the box body 201. The inner diameter of the installation cylinder 401 is adapted to the outer diameter of the marking pen 403, for axially guiding the movement direction of the marking pen 403. The elastic member 402 and the marking pen 403 are installed in the installation cylinder 401. The elastic member 402 is a compression spring with a natural length greater than the height of the inside of the installation cylinder 401. The top of the elastic member 402 is fixedly connected to the top inside of the installation cylinder 401, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the top of the marking pen 403. The marking pen 403 is a cylindrical structure with a plastic pen body and a wear-resistant ink pen tip. The length of the marking pen 403 extending outside the installation cylinder 401 is 5-10mm, and the pen tip abuts against the mounting plate of the bolt.

[0044] The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:

[0045] When installing, the six-sided frame 101 of the mounting mechanism 1 is sleeved outside the bolt to be detected, the four screw fasteners 102 are screwed, the end of the screw fastener 102 is tightly pressed against the outer wall of the bolt, the fixing of the mounting mechanism 1 is completed, then the insertion hole 203 of the detection mechanism 2 is aligned with the insertion block 103 of the mounting mechanism 1, the insertion block 103 is tightly inserted into the insertion block 103, the assembly of the detection mechanism 2 and the mounting mechanism 1 is completed, at this time, the marking pen 403 of the marking mechanism 4 is in close contact with the mounting plate of the bolt under the elastic force of the elastic member 402;

[0046] When the bolt is loosened and displaced, the bolt drives the mounting plate to displace synchronously, the marking pen 403 is in close contact with the mounting plate under the action of the elastic member 402, and a clear displacement mark is drawn on the mounting plate along with the displacement of the mounting plate; the controller 204 intermittently starts the camera 3 according to a preset period, such as every 5 minutes, the camera 3 captures the displacement mark image and transmits it to the controller 204; the controller 204 processes the image, obtains the loosening displacement distance of the bolt by comparing the marking positions at different times, and stores the displacement data;

[0047] When the device needs to be repaired or the detection bolt needs to be replaced, the detection mechanism 2 is directly pulled out, the insertion block 103 is pulled out of the insertion hole 203, the mounting mechanism 1 and the detection mechanism 2 are separated; after the repair is completed, the insertion hole 203 is aligned with the insertion block 103 and inserted, and the assembly is completed without disassembling the detected equipment.

[0048] Finally, it should be pointed out that: first, in the description of the present application, it should be pointed out that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, which can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, or the communication between two elements, or direct connection, "up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship, when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change;

[0049] Secondly: the present application discloses the structure involved in the embodiment of the present application, other structures can refer to the usual design, and the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict;

[0050] Finally: the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0051] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent change made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bolt and nut loosening detection device, characterized in that: It includes an installation mechanism (1), a detection mechanism (2), a camera (3), and a marking mechanism (4); The mounting mechanism (1) consists of a hexagonal frame (101), screw fasteners (102) and insert blocks (103). Four screw fasteners (102) are installed around the outside of the hexagonal frame (101), and insert blocks (103) are installed on one side of the hexagonal frame (101). The testing mechanism (2) includes a housing (201), a waterproof chamber (202), a socket (203), a controller (204), and a battery (205). The waterproof chamber (202) is installed on one side inside the housing (201). The controller (204) and the battery (205) are installed inside the waterproof chamber (202). The housing (201) has a socket (203) that is compatible with the plug (103) on the side near the installation mechanism (1). The testing mechanism (2) is detachably installed on one side of the installation mechanism (1) through the socket (203) and the plug (103). A camera (3) is installed inside one side of the box (201), and the camera (3) is connected to the controller (204); The marking mechanism (4) consists of a mounting cylinder (401), an elastic element (402), and a marking pen (403). The top of the mounting cylinder (401) is fixed to the upper part of the box body (201). The elastic element (402) and the marking pen (403) are installed inside the mounting cylinder (401). The top of the elastic element (402) is fixed to the top of the mounting cylinder (401), and the bottom is fixed to the marking pen (403). The marking pen (403) extends to the outside of the mounting cylinder (401).

2. The bolt and nut loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner contour of the hexagonal frame (101) is adapted to the outer contour of the bolt to be tested. The four screw fasteners (102) are distributed circumferentially along the hexagonal frame (101), and the ends of the screw fasteners (102) can penetrate the hexagonal frame (101) and abut against the outer wall of the bolt, so as to realize the fixed installation of the installation mechanism (1) outside the bolt.

3. The bolt and nut loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insert (103) and the socket (203) are interference fit or clearance fit. By inserting and pulling the insert (103) into the socket (203), the installation mechanism (1) and the detection mechanism (2) can be quickly disassembled and assembled, further improving the convenience of maintenance.

4. The bolt and nut loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof chamber (202) is used to house the controller (204) and the battery (205) to prevent external moisture or impurities from intruding and affecting the normal operation of the controller (204) and the battery (205), and to ensure the stable implementation of the device's bolt loosening detection function.

5. The bolt and nut loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic element (402) is always under stress. Under the force of the elastic element (402), the end of the marker pen (403) away from the elastic element (402) is always in contact with the mounting plate of the bolt, so that when the bolt is slightly loosened, the marker pen (403) can draw a mark in time to be captured by the camera (3).

6. The bolt and nut loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (204) can intermittently turn on the camera (3) periodically, thereby reducing the power consumption of the battery (205) and extending the usage time of the device after a single power supply without affecting the bolt loosening detection effect.

7. The bolt and nut loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The camera (3) is positioned so that it is facing the mounting plate of the bolt, and the camera (3) covers the area marked by the marker pen (403) on the mounting plate, so as to ensure that the displacement mark drawn by the marker pen (403) can be accurately captured, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the controller (204) in calculating the displacement distance.

8. The bolt and nut loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the mounting cylinder (401) is adapted to the outer diameter of the marking pen (403). The mounting cylinder (401) guides the movement direction of the marking pen (403) to avoid the marking pen (403) from deviating and causing inaccurate marking position, which in turn affects the accuracy of bolt loosening displacement detection.

9. The bolt and nut loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery (205) is electrically connected to the controller (204) and the camera (3), providing continuous power support for the calculation and recording function of the controller (204) and the marking and capturing function of the camera (3), ensuring that the device can independently complete the bolt loosening detection work.

10. The bolt and nut loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insert (103) and the hexagonal frame (101) are integrally formed, and the insertion hole (203) and the box (201) are integrally formed, which improves the structural strength of the connection between the installation mechanism (1) and the detection mechanism (2) and avoids damage to the components due to long-term insertion and removal.

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