Intelligent radial artery compression hemostat and hemostasis method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to an intelligent radial artery compression hemostat and a hemostasis method thereof, a micro stepping motor, a compression head, a film type pressure sensor and an infrared reflection type sensor are integrated, and high-precision application and real-time dynamic adjustment of compression force are achieved through mechanical and electrical integration design. The device adopts a closed-loop control strategy based on a PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) algorithm, can automatically complete the processes of initial pressurization, dynamic pressure stabilization and segmented pressure reduction, realizes 360-degree real-time monitoring and feedback regulation of a bleeding state, and effectively avoids postoperative complications caused by overpressure or pressure leakage. The hemostasis efficiency is improved, the medical care burden is relieved, and good clinical adaptability and popularization prospects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention provides an intelligent radial artery compression hemostat and its hemostasis method, belonging to the field of medical device technology. Background Technology

[0002] Radial artery compression hemostats are commonly used instruments for hemostasis at the arterial puncture site after radial artery interventional therapy. Currently, the most widely used radial artery compression hemostats in clinical practice include balloon-type hemostats, rotary hemostats, and elastic bandages. Balloon-type hemostats achieve hemostasis by inflating the balloon to create pressure at the puncture site. Rotary hemostats apply pressure to the rubber pad at the puncture site by rotating a pressure knob. Elastic bandages, with their elasticity, exert pressure on the puncture site through the recoil force generated during application, directly preventing blood from flowing out of the damaged vessel and thus achieving hemostasis.

[0003] While pneumatic hemostats offer advantages such as adjustable pressure and direct observation, they still have significant limitations. The core issue lies in the insufficient precision of pressure control: pressure adjustment relies on the operator's experience, and over-inflation can easily lead to excessively high local pressure, potentially compressing beyond the puncture site and thus the radial nerve or adjacent veins, causing skin damage, blister formation, or venous return obstruction, manifesting as limb numbness, swelling, and decreased temperature.

[0004] When using a rotary hemostat, the control of the rotational pressure and angle depends on the operator's skill. Insufficient tightening may fail to effectively stop bleeding, while excessive tightening may completely block radial artery blood flow, significantly increasing the risk of radial artery occlusion (RAO). In addition, it is impossible to observe the bleeding at the puncture site in real time during compression, and the decompression process requires gradual manual loosening. If the procedure is not performed rigorously, it may cause rebleeding and prolong the clinical monitoring time.

[0005] When using elastic bandages to stop bleeding, nurses cannot directly observe the puncture point and find it difficult to accurately grasp the specific condition of the puncture site. This is extremely detrimental to early detection of bleeding and timely intervention, and the probability of repeated bandaging is relatively high. Therefore, the hemostatic effect still has certain limitations.

[0006] In general, the hemostatic devices widely used in clinical practice require medical staff to have certain clinical experience to assess the bleeding point based on time and the patient's postoperative recovery, manually decompress the bleeding point at fixed intervals, and observe the bleeding point to determine if the decompression is appropriate. This process not only increases the nursing workload but also makes it difficult to adapt to individualized hemostasis procedures.

[0007] Although some semi-intelligent devices with integrated timers or pressure displays have emerged in recent years, they still face significant technical bottlenecks in areas such as multi-parameter fusion decision-making, material biocompatibility, and system integration. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent radial artery compression hemostat that can dynamically optimize compression force through high-precision sensing, adaptive algorithms, and closed-loop actuators to reduce complications, improve patient comfort, and alleviate medical burden. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention aims to address a series of problems encountered in the use of radial artery hemostats for hemostasis after coronary artery bypass surgery. First, the reliance on manual pressure regulation leads to insufficient precision in pressure control. Second, surgical patients often present with complex factors such as advanced age, low weight, and the use of anticoagulants, resulting in individual differences, and existing hemostats have poor adaptability to each patient. Furthermore, postoperative manual decompression by medical staff at fixed intervals can sometimes lead to forgetting to rotate the hemostat prematurely or delaying its rotation due to increased workload, resulting in a lack of dynamic decompression mechanism and seriously jeopardizing postoperative recovery.

[0009] This invention provides an intelligent radial artery compression hemostat, comprising an integrated control box, a base, a mesh flexible wristband, a micro stepper motor, and a slider;

[0010] An integrated control box is mounted on the base, and a micro stepper motor is installed inside the integrated control box. The micro stepper motor is mounted on the guide column platform.

[0011] The two ends of the mesh flexible wristband are connected to the two ends of the base by buckles to form a ring; inside the ring, the base is provided with a slider, which is driven to rise and fall by a micro stepper motor;

[0012] The lower side of the slider is equipped with a pressure head, a thin-film pressure sensor, and an infrared reflective sensor.

[0013] The overall structure is divided into a mechanical transmission part, a multi-modal sensor module integration part, and a motion control part.

[0014] In use, the intelligent radial artery compression hemostat is first placed on the postoperative radial artery bleeding point of the patient. According to the pre-set pressure curve program, pressure is applied, and the micro-stepping motor rotates forward, causing the slider to descend. The lower end of the slider is connected to the compression head, which directly contacts the skin for compression. A thin-film pressure sensor provides real-time feedback, and a PID algorithm dynamically adjusts the speed of the micro-stepping motor. Decompression is then performed; the micro-stepping motor reverses, causing the slider to rise. During decompression, an infrared reflective sensor continuously monitors the process. If rebleeding is detected, decompression is immediately stopped, and pressure is applied appropriately. This process is repeated until the entire hemostasis process is complete.

[0015] The mesh flexible wristband is an elastic wristband designed based on the biomimetic design of mesh leaf veins.

[0016] The compression head is made of medical-grade silicone.

[0017] A thin-film pressure sensor can be placed between two medical silicone blocks forming a compression head to detect real-time compression force and provide feedback to the control unit; an infrared reflective sensor, which determines the bleeding status by the rate of change in absorbance, is arranged around the compression head.

[0018] The device is equipped with a display module and a buzzer to display pressure values, time and other information in real time and to sound an alarm when bleeding or abnormalities occur; at the same time, it uses a rechargeable lithium battery as the power supply unit to ensure convenient use.

[0019] The present invention also provides a hemostasis method for an intelligent radial artery compression hemostat: pre-setting initial pressure value, pressure stabilization time, and decompression program parameters.

[0020] When in use, the intelligent radial artery compression hemostat is fixed at an appropriate position on the patient's upper limb and powered on. The controller of the micro stepper motor first quickly drives the micro stepper motor to apply initial pressure, so that the main shaft drives the slider and the compression head to press down to the target pressure value. At the same time, the thin-film pressure sensor continuously collects the actual pressure.

[0021] Once the target is reached, the system enters the dynamic pressure stabilization phase. The controller adjusts the drive signal of the micro stepper motor in real time based on the PID algorithm to compensate for pressure fluctuations caused by vascular pulsation or slight patient movement, and maintains the compression pressure near the set value.

[0022] During this period, infrared reflective sensors synchronously monitor blood flow signals or color changes under the skin to determine if there is still minor bleeding. If bleeding is detected, the controller is triggered to appropriately increase the pressure or extend the stabilization time to ensure complete hemostasis.

[0023] Once the pressure duration reaches the predetermined value, the phased decompression stage begins: the controller gradually reduces the driving force of the micro stepper motor or reverses its rotation, causing the compression head to move upwards in segments and gradually reduce the pressure. An observation period is allowed after each decompression step. If bleeding is still detected, pressure is restored or the pressure is stabilized again; otherwise, decompression continues until compression is stopped.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of this invention are as follows:

[0025] First, the intelligent radial artery compression hemostat designed in this study achieves a fully automated compression hemostasis process through mechatronics precision control, significantly reducing the operational burden on medical staff and effectively solving the problems of low efficiency and high dependence on manpower in traditional hemostasis methods. Second, the innovative closed-loop pressure regulation mechanism and 360° bleeding monitoring function proposed in this study ensure the reliability of hemostasis while completely avoiding medical risks such as nerve damage and tissue necrosis caused by excessive compression. In addition, the intelligent step-decompression strategy and abnormal early warning system significantly reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications such as hematoma and thrombosis, which not only improves patient safety but also demonstrates important social value in reducing medical costs and optimizing postoperative care procedures. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the intelligent radial artery compression hemostat of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the intelligent radial artery compression hemostat of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mesh-like flexible leaf vein structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] This invention provides an intelligent radial artery compression hemostat, suitable for postoperative radial artery compression hemostasis. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes an integrated control box 1, a base 2, a mesh flexible wristband 3, a micro stepper motor 14, a slider 8, a start / stop button 9, a heat dissipation hole 10, a lithium battery 16, a charging port 11, a sound outlet 12, a display screen 13, and a controller 1.

[0031] An integrated control box 1 is provided on the base 2. A micro stepper motor 14 is provided inside the integrated control box 1. The micro stepper motor 14 is mounted on the guide column platform 17.

[0032] The two ends of the mesh flexible wristband 3 are connected to the two ends of the base 2 by buckles to form a ring; inside the ring, the base 2 is provided with a slider 8, which is driven to rise and fall by a micro stepper motor 14.

[0033] The lower side of the slider 8 is equipped with a pressure head 5, a thin-film pressure sensor 6, and an infrared reflective sensor 7.

[0034] The overall structure is divided into a mechanical transmission part, a multi-modal sensor module integration part, and a motion control part.

[0035] In use, the intelligent radial artery compression hemostat is first placed on the postoperative radial artery bleeding point of the patient. According to the pre-set pressure curve program, pressure is applied, and the micro stepper motor 14 rotates forward, driving the slider 8 downward. The lower end of the slider 8 is connected to the compression head 5, which directly contacts the skin for compression. The thin-film pressure sensor 6 provides real-time feedback, and a PID algorithm dynamically adjusts the speed of the micro stepper motor 14. Decompression is then performed; the micro stepper motor 14 rotates in reverse, driving the slider 8 upward. During decompression, the infrared reflective sensor 7 continuously monitors the process. If rebleeding is detected, decompression is immediately stopped, and pressure is appropriately increased. This process is repeated until the entire hemostasis process is complete.

[0036] The specific design scheme and steps are as follows:

[0037] Solution Design:

[0038] Mechanical transmission system: The present invention aims to ensure the safe and reasonable operation of the intelligent hemostat during the hemostasis process, guarantee smooth and effective transmission, and meet the needs of actual medical clinical applications.

[0039] This invention proposes a linear motion scheme based on driving a miniature linear fixed-axis stepper motor, such as... Figure 3 The design aims to achieve smooth and reliable transmission when applying pressure to stop bleeding at the radial artery. This approach was chosen primarily because the miniature stepper motor 14 possesses high-precision control capabilities while exhibiting low noise and low power consumption. It efficiently converts the rotational motion of the miniature stepper motor 14 into linear compression, meeting actual clinical needs.

[0040] In designing the intelligent radial artery compression hemostat, a miniature stepper motor 14 is fixed to the guide post platform 17. The downward movement of the fixed shaft of the miniature stepper motor 14 drives the slider 8 connected to the shaft end to move downward, performing compression hemostasis. The slider 8 integrates a thin-film pressure sensor 6, allowing for real-time monitoring and control of the applied pressure. The pressure value can also be displayed in real-time on the display screen 13 for easy observation. Furthermore, a compression head 5 is connected to the front end of the slider 8. This compression head 5 is made of medical-grade silicone material to ensure gentleness and safety during use.

[0041] To make the hemostat wristband more ergonomic and improve its comfort and adaptability in actual use, a mesh flexible wristband 3 was designed, such as... Figure 4 As shown. The mesh flexible wristband 3 is an elastic wristband based on the biomimetic design of mesh leaf veins. By replicating the fractal topology and mechanical properties of plant leaf veins, it has significant advantages in functionality, comfort and engineering performance.

[0042] First, traditional wristbands tend to cause radial constriction when the joint is flexed. The non-uniform stiffness distribution of the leaf vein network, however, gives the wristband an intelligent deformation response: it exhibits high resilience when stretched longitudinally and achieves a low-resistance fit through mesh deformation when bent laterally. This biomimetic structure significantly increases the freedom of wrist movement while maintaining stable support. Second, the fractal structure of the leaf vein network naturally possesses a multi-level load transfer mechanism. The mesh flexible wristband 3 simulates this structure, achieving gradient stress dissipation along the branch nodes under tension, avoiding localized stress concentration. Third, compared to homogeneous elastomers, this design can greatly reduce peak stress, significantly delay material fatigue, and extend service life. Furthermore, the Poisson's ratio effect (lateral contraction / longitudinal stretching ratio) of the leaf vein network is closer to that of human soft tissue. During dynamic wear, its negative Poisson's ratio characteristic (mesh expansion during stretching) avoids compression of subcutaneous microvessels, reducing the risk of capillary occlusion.

[0043] Multimodal sensor module: Integrating multiple types of sensors, it can accurately monitor the patient's blood pressure and bleeding status during hemostasis, enabling real-time adjustments and achieving high-precision, accurate control. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for medical staff to repeatedly check and adjust the system, saving manpower and avoiding risks associated with improper postoperative patient care.

[0044] The sensor module includes a thin-film pressure sensor 6 and an infrared reflective sensor 7. The thin-film pressure sensor 6 is installed in the compression head 5 connected to the slider 8. Since the compression head 5 is made of medical-grade silicone and the characteristics of the thin-film pressure sensor 6 are suitable, the thin-film pressure sensor 6 can be placed between the two medical-grade silicone blocks that make up the compression head 5 to detect real-time pressure and provide feedback to the control unit. The infrared reflective sensor 7 determines the bleeding status by measuring the rate of change in absorbance. It is arranged around the compression head 5 to detect 360° bleeding and avoid missing lateral bleeding.

[0045] Control module: As the main control unit, it controls the movement of the micro stepper motor 14 spindle through a pre-set program, thereby controlling the entire compression hemostasis process. At the same time, it combines sensor feedback with PID algorithm for adaptive real-time adjustment, realizing accurate and reliable adaptive adjustment of the radial artery bleeding point during the compression hemostasis process. This avoids the situation where the pressure adjustment of the radial artery bleeding point is not suitable due to individual differences in postoperative patients, which may lead to postoperative complications.

[0046] A microcontroller 15 is used, and a dedicated PID algorithm is written to adjust the speed and direction of the micro stepper motor 14, which can greatly improve the response time. In addition, closed-loop control of the micro stepper motor 14 is performed based on sensor signals to achieve automatic pressure regulation.

[0047] In addition, the device is equipped with a display screen 13 and a buzzer to display information such as pressure value and time in real time, and to amplify and alarm through the sound outlet 12 in case of bleeding or abnormalities. It also uses a rechargeable lithium battery 16 as the power supply unit to ensure convenient use. Through the above design, this device can automatically control and dynamically adjust the bleeding process, greatly saving manpower, improving hemostasis efficiency, and reducing the risk of complications compared to traditional equipment.

[0048] In terms of control procedures, the system pre-sets parameters such as initial pressure value, stabilization time, and decompression program. During use, the device is fixed to a suitable position on the patient's upper limb and powered on. The controller 15 first rapidly drives the micro-stepping motor 14 to apply initial pressure, causing the main shaft to drive the slider 8 and the compression head 5 downwards to the target pressure value. Simultaneously, the thin-film pressure sensor 6 continuously collects the actual pressure. After reaching the target, the system enters a dynamic pressure stabilization phase. The controller 15 adjusts the drive signal of the micro-stepping motor 14 in real time based on a PID algorithm to compensate for pressure fluctuations caused by vascular pulsation or slight patient movement, maintaining the compression pressure near the set value. During this period, the infrared reflective sensor 7 synchronously monitors blood flow signals or color changes under the skin to determine if there is still minor bleeding. If bleeding is detected, the controller 15 can be triggered to appropriately increase the pressure or extend the stabilization time to ensure complete hemostasis. Once the pressure duration reaches the predetermined set value, the system enters a phased decompression phase: the controller 15 gradually reduces the driving force of the micro-stepping motor 14 or reverses its rotation, causing the compression head 5 to move upwards in segments, gradually reducing the compression force. After each decompression step, an observation period is allowed. If bleeding signals are still detected, pressure can be restored or pressure stabilization can be repeated; otherwise, decompression continues until compression is stopped. The automatic pressure regulation throughout the process avoids the risk of tissue damage caused by prolonged high-pressure compression, ensuring postoperative safety and reliable hemostasis.

[0049] In this embodiment, a miniature linear stepper motor is used as the driving device to achieve the linear movement of the slider 8. Precise pressure is applied through the medical silicone compression head 5, and real-time monitoring is performed using a thin-film pressure sensor 6 to ensure the accuracy of the compression force. In addition, an array of ring-shaped infrared reflective sensors 7 can dynamically capture bleeding signals in 360°.

[0050] Based on the PID algorithm of the microcontroller 15, this system implements adaptive closed-loop pressure control, including three stages: initial pressurization, dynamic pressure stabilization, and step-by-step depressurization. While ensuring smooth and reliable transmission, it significantly reduces reliance on manual labor and the risk of postoperative complications through fully automated, high-precision pressure regulation and bleeding status recognition. It achieves precise control of blood vessel pressure, real-time detection of bleeding points, and adaptive pressure adjustment, ultimately realizing safe and reliable radial artery compression hemostasis.

[0051] The specific design steps are as follows:

[0052] Step 1: Design the appearance and shape according to ergonomic principles. The base 2 has a straight length of 80mm and a width of 35mm, with a slight curve overall and curved sides for a better fit to the human arm. For the mesh flexible wristband, there are adhesive straps on both sides of the front and rear straps. Nylon hook-and-loop fasteners are wrapped around the side buckles. The straps are passed through pre-drilled holes, and then Velcro is used to adjust the tightness of the wristband. The unique characteristics of the mesh structure allow it to conform to the arm, adapting to the size and comfort requirements of different patients. The hemostat is designed from top to bottom as follows: control circuit box, micro stepper motor 14, guide post platform 17, base 2, slider 8, pressure head 5, thin-film pressure sensor 6, and infrared reflective sensor 7.

[0053] Step 2: Place the 20mm guide post platform 17 on the designed base 2, and fix the micro stepper motor 14 onto the platform. Fix the slider 8, which is 30mm long and 20mm wide, to the telescopic shaft end of the micro stepper motor 14. The connection between the slider 8 and the shaft is secured with a threaded connection for easy replacement and cleaning maintenance. At the same time, attach the designed pressure head 5 to the slider 8. The overall size of the pressure head 5 is about 2mm smaller than the slider 8, and its thickness is 5mm. Finally, place the guide post platform 17, micro stepper motor 14, etc., inside the integrated control box 1. The integrated control box 1 and the base 2 provide suitable holes for the fixing shaft of the micro stepper motor 14.

[0054] Step 3: Place the thin-film pressure sensor 6 in the center of the compression head 5, and then place a silicone block of the same size below it, fixing the thin-film pressure sensor 6 between the two silicone blocks. This design ensures that the thin-film pressure sensor 6 is not affected by factors on the skin surface such as blood. A circular thin-film pressure sensor 6 with a diameter of 4mm is selected, as its size and measurement range meet the requirements. When the compression head 5 applies downwards to the skin and generates resistance, the thin-film pressure sensor 6 can sense the force or deformation, achieving real-time pressure measurement and feedback to the control unit.

[0055] Step 4: Embed infrared reflective sensors 7 around the silicone block. Four infrared reflective sensors 7 are embedded on the four sides of the silicone block to form a ring infrared reflective sensor 7. By illuminating the skin surface with light-emitting diodes and detecting changes in the intensity of reflected or transmitted light, it can be determined whether there are signs of bleeding in the wound. At the same time, it uses the absorption characteristics of blood to specific wavelengths of light for monitoring. Its high efficiency and fast response characteristics are suitable for continuous blood signal detection.

[0056] Step 5: Connect the signal cables of the aforementioned sensors and actuators to the main control circuit board, ensuring the connections are secure and properly insulated. Fix the circuit board and power supply to the guide post platform 17 inside the structure, ensuring neat wiring and securing it to prevent movement. To ensure the device's airtightness, install rubber sealing rings at the connecting pipes and cable inlets. After installation, check all connection points: use a multimeter to test the circuit continuity.

[0057] Step 6: Integrate the microprocessor (MCU) control board, signal acquisition circuit, etc., inside the integrated control box 1, and connect the thin-film pressure sensor 6 and the infrared reflective sensor 7. The control board is based on a single-chip microcomputer design, with an onboard analog-to-digital converter to acquire analog signals from the sensors and drive the micro stepper motor 14 to output the stepping device. The battery module is located on the other side of the integrated control box 1, using a rechargeable lithium-ion battery 16, and is modularly installed via a switch. Arrange the thin-film pressure sensor 6, infrared reflective sensor 7, micro stepper motor 14, and power lines in an orderly manner; after installation, preliminary functional tests are required, such as checking whether the power supply, the response of the micro stepper motor 14, and the sensor readings are normal. After this step is completed, all core components of the entire machine (micro stepper motor 14, sensor, microcontroller 15, and lithium battery 16) are integrated into the integrated control box 1, laying the foundation for subsequent debugging.

[0058] Step 7: Based on the hardware platform, design a closed-loop control algorithm to accurately implement compression pressure control and bleeding detection functions. A PID control strategy is adopted, using a thin-film pressure sensor 6 to provide feedback and adjust the drive pulses of the micro-stepper motor 14 in real time, achieving stable application and maintenance of the target pressure. Simultaneously, a sensor data acquisition module, a micro-stepper motor 14 control logic module, and an anomaly handling and data communication module are developed. The software part implements setting upper and lower pressure thresholds: when bleeding is detected (judged by the signal from the infrared reflective sensor 7), the system can automatically increase the compression force or issue a warning command; when the predetermined pressure is reached or there is no bleeding, the current state is maintained or the pressure is slowly released. All sensing and control functions run on the MCU core, acquiring, analyzing, and storing pressure data in real time through low-power readout circuits and software models. Finally, firmware is generated and burned into the controller 15 to support closed-loop adjustment and monitoring during the intelligent hemostasis process.

Claims

1. A smart radial artery compression hemostat, characterized in that, It comprises an integrated control box (1), a base (2), a net-shaped flexible wristband (3), a micro stepping motor (14) and a sliding block (8). The base (2) is provided with the integrated control box (1), and the integrated control box (1) is provided with the micro stepping motor (14) which is installed on a guide column platform (17). The two ends of the net-shaped flexible wristband (3) are connected with the two ends of the base (2) through buckles to form a ring, and the base (2) is provided with the sliding block (8) on the inner side of the ring. The lower side of the sliding block (8) is provided with a compression head (5), a thin film pressure sensor (6) and an infrared reflective sensor (7). In use, first, the intelligent radial artery compression hemostat is worn on the radial artery bleeding point of a postoperative patient, and according to a pre-set pressure curve program, the pressure is started to be increased, the micro stepping motor (14) is rotated in a forward direction, the front end drives the sliding block (8) to descend, the lower end of the sliding block (8) is connected and the compression head (5) directly contacts the skin to compress, the thin film pressure sensor (6) feeds back a real-time value, and a PID algorithm dynamically adjusts the rotating speed of the micro stepping motor (14); then the pressure is decreased, the micro stepping motor (14) is rotated in a reverse direction, the sliding block (8) is driven to ascend, the infrared reflective sensor (7) continuously monitors in the process of pressure reduction, and when re-bleeding is found, the pressure reduction is immediately stopped, the pressure is appropriately increased, and the above movement process is repeated until the whole hemostasis process is completed.

2. The intelligent radial artery compression device of claim 1, wherein, The compression head (5) is made of medical silica gel material.

3. The intelligent radial artery compression device of claim 2, wherein, The thin film pressure sensor (6) can be arranged between the two medical silica gel blocks of the compression head (5) and is used for detecting a real-time compression force and feeding back to a control unit; the infrared reflective sensor (7) judges a bleeding state through an absorbance change rate and is arranged around the compression head (5).

4. The intelligent radial artery compression device of claim 1, wherein, The net-shaped flexible wristband (3) is an elastic wristband based on net-shaped veinlet bionics design.

5. The intelligent radial artery compression device of claim 1, wherein, It also comprises a display screen 13 and a buzzer which are used for displaying a pressure value and time information in real time and alarming when bleeding or abnormality occurs, and a rechargeable lithium battery (16) which is used as a power supply unit.

6. A method of hemostasis by a smart radial artery compression hemostat, characterized by, The method is used for the intelligent radial artery compression hemostat of any one of claims 1 to 5. The method comprises the following processes: initial pressure increasing, pressure maintaining and pressure decreasing parameters are pre-set; in use, the intelligent radial artery compression hemostat is fixed on an upper limb of a patient at a proper position and is powered on, the controller (15) of the micro stepping motor (14) first drives the micro stepping motor (14) to perform initial pressure increasing, the main shaft drives the sliding block (8) and the compression head (5) to descend to a target pressure value, and the thin film pressure sensor (6) continuously collects an actual pressure; after the target is reached, a dynamic pressure maintaining stage is entered, the controller (15) adjusts a driving signal of the micro stepping motor (14) in real time based on a PID algorithm, compensates pressure fluctuation caused by blood vessel pulsation or slight activity of the patient, and maintains the compression pressure near the set value; During this period, the infrared reflective sensor (7) synchronously monitors the blood flow signal or color change under the skin to determine whether there is still a small amount of bleeding. If bleeding signs are detected, the controller (15) is triggered to appropriately increase the pressure or extend the stabilization time to ensure complete hemostasis. If the pressure duration reaches the predetermined value, the phased decompression stage is entered: the controller (15) gradually reduces the driving force of the micro stepper motor (14) or rotates in the opposite direction, so that the compression head (5) moves up in segments and gradually reduces the pressure. After each decompression step is completed, an observation time is reserved. If bleeding signals are still detected, pressure is returned or pressure is stabilized repeatedly. Otherwise, decompression continues until the pressure is stopped.

Images