Expansion machining positioning device for thin-wall cylindrical part

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining positioning devices, and particularly relates to an expansion machining positioning device for thin-walled cylindrical parts, which comprises a positioning cylinder, a support rod and a push slider, and the support rod is arranged in the positioning cylinder and slidably connected with a support plate in the positioning cylinder; the number of the pushing sliding blocks is three, the three pushing sliding blocks are all connected with the positioning cylinder in a sliding mode, the supporting rod is fixedly connected with a conical pushing disc, and the bottoms of the pushing sliding blocks are provided with inclined faces matched with the conical pushing disc. At least two inner supporting sliding blocks are connected to the positioning cylinder in a sliding mode. The inner supporting sliding block slides in the radial direction of the positioning cylinder. A pushing piece is arranged on the supporting rod and makes contact with the inner supporting sliding block. The positioning cylinder is provided with a liquid outlet hole, the supporting rod is provided with a first flow channel, and the conical push disc is provided with a second flow channel. Uniform expansion type supporting is achieved from the interior of a part through the inner supporting sliding block, the problems of local stress concentration and deformation caused by direct clamping of a three-jaw chuck are effectively solved, and the clamping rigidity and the machining precision are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of machining positioning devices, and particularly relates to an inflation machining positioning device for a thin-walled cylindrical part. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of mechanical machining, thin-walled cylindrical parts are prone to clamping deformation and thermal deformation in the turning process due to their structural characteristics, which seriously affects the machining precision and product quality. Traditional clamping methods mostly use three-jaw chucks to directly clamp the outer circle of the part. Since the radial clamping force exerted by the clamping jaw acts on a local area, it is easy to cause elastic or plastic deformation of the thin-walled part, especially during the finishing stage, the original roundness error will be further magnified.

[0003] On the other hand, in the process of continuous turning, a large amount of heat is generated in the cutting zone, which is difficult to dissipate quickly, especially for thin-walled parts, which have small heat dissipation area and low heat capacity, and are prone to thermal deformation due to uneven temperature rise, further exacerbating the shape error.

[0004] Although there are individual internal support fixtures in the prior art that attempt to improve the stress distribution, they are often complex in structure, tedious to adjust, and generally lack active heat dissipation design, making it difficult to simultaneously solve the problems of clamping deformation and heat management. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a positioning device that has uniform support, efficient heat dissipation, and quick clamping functions to meet the high-precision machining requirements of thin-walled cylindrical parts. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the application provides an inflation machining positioning device for a thin-walled cylindrical part, which uses an inflated internal support structure to support the part, and can inject cutting fluid into the part to cool it, effectively reducing deformation during clamping and machining.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme: An inflation machining positioning device for a thin-walled cylindrical part, comprising a positioning cylinder, a support rod, and a push sliding block, the support rod is arranged in the positioning cylinder and is in sliding connection with a support plate in the positioning cylinder; the push sliding block is provided with three, the three push sliding blocks are in sliding connection with the positioning cylinder, the support rod is fixedly connected with a conical push disc, the bottom of the push sliding block is provided with a slope matched with the conical push disc, and the support rod moves axially along the positioning cylinder by moving the push sliding block radially along the positioning cylinder; At least two internal support sliding blocks are in sliding connection with the positioning cylinder; the internal support sliding blocks slide radially along the positioning cylinder; the support rod is provided with a pusher, the pusher is in contact with the internal support sliding block, and the contact surface between the pusher and the internal support sliding block is a slope; The positioning cylinder is provided with a liquid outlet hole, the support rod is provided with a first flow channel, the conical push disc is provided with a second flow channel, the first flow channel is communicated with the second flow channel, and the second flow channel is arranged obliquely and faces the liquid outlet hole.

[0007] The inner support sliding block is provided with a first spring between the inner support sliding block and the positioning cylinder.

[0008] The pusher is provided with a second spring between the pusher and the positioning cylinder.

[0009] The pusher is slidably connected with the support rod, the pusher is rotationally connected with an adjusting sleeve, and the adjusting sleeve is threadedly connected with the support rod.

[0010] The adjusting sleeve is provided with a plugging plate which is threadedly connected with the support rod, the plugging plate is fixedly connected with one end of the adjusting sleeve, and the plugging plate is provided with a threaded hole which is threadedly connected with the support rod.

[0011] Further comprising an outer top block connected with the claw of the lathe chuck, the outer top block is in the shape of a crescent, the outer top block is rotationally connected with the claw, the outer top block is provided with a sliding groove, and the claw is provided with a limiting pin connected with the sliding groove.

[0012] Further comprising a fixing ring threadedly connected between the positioning cylinder and the outer top block, and the fixing ring is provided with at least two fan blades.

[0013] Further comprising an extension cylinder threadedly connected with the positioning cylinder, and the extension cylinder is provided with a support assembly.

[0014] The support assembly comprises a liquid storage cylinder, a push rod and a top block, the top block is slidably connected with the extension cylinder and slides along the radial direction of the extension cylinder, the top block is provided with at least two, the push rod is slidably connected with the liquid storage cylinder and provided with a third spring between the push rod and the liquid storage cylinder, the liquid storage cylinder is fixedly connected with the extension cylinder, the liquid storage cylinder is provided with a liquid cavity, the liquid storage cylinder is provided with a support pipe communicated with the liquid cavity, and the support pipe is provided with the same number of top blocks as the support pipes, and each support pipe is slidably connected with a push shaft fixedly connected with the top block.

[0015] One end of the push rod is fixedly connected with a support block, and the support block is provided with a groove matched with the center.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that: The inner support sliding block expands uniformly from the inside of the part, effectively avoids the local stress concentration and deformation caused by the direct clamping of the three-jaw chuck, and significantly improves the clamping rigidity and machining precision.

[0017] Through the built-in flow channel (first flow channel, second flow channel) design and the liquid outlet hole structure, the cutting fluid can realize the rotary coverage and directional flow on the inner wall of the part, enhance the heat dissipation efficiency, and reduce the thermal deformation.

[0018] The cutting fluid is uniformly sprayed from the liquid outlet hole to the inner wall of the part through the rotating first flow channel and the second flow channel, and the fan of the fixed ring produces air cooling, realizes double heat dissipation, and significantly reduces the thermal deformation.

[0019] The first spring and the second spring are used for assisting reset and adjustable pusher structure, which not only ensures the reset reliability, but also can quickly adapt to the sizes of different batches of parts through the adjusting sleeve, and greatly improves the clamping efficiency.

[0020] The crescent-shaped outer top block and the inner support form a combination, improve the overall rigidity, allow to use larger cutting parameters, and simultaneously improve the machining efficiency and surface quality.

[0021] The support assembly of the extension cylinder and the liquid storage cylinder can cope with the super-long part, realize the whole process multi-point inner support, and further suppress vibration and bending deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the application; Figure 2 is a use state schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the application; Figure 3 is Figure 2 the half-section structure schematic diagram of the structure shown; Figure 4 is Figure 2 the front view of the structure shown; Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the extension cylinder of the application; Figure 6 is Figure 5 the half-section structure schematic diagram of the structure shown; Figure 7 is a use state sectional view of embodiment 2 of the application; Wherein: 1 is a positioning cylinder, 2 is a support rod, 3 is a push sliding block, 4 is a support plate, 5 is a conical push disc, 6 is an inner support sliding block, 7 is a pusher, 8 is a liquid outlet hole, 9 is a first flow channel, 10 is a second flow channel, 11 is a first spring, 12 is a fixed support plate, 13 is a second spring, 14 is an adjusting sleeve, 15 is a plugging plate, 16 is a threaded hole, 17 is a fixed ring, 18 is a fan blade, 19 is an extension cylinder, 20 is a support assembly, 21 is a liquid storage cylinder, 22 is a push rod, 23 is a top block, 24 is a third spring, 25 is a liquid cavity, 26 is a support pipe, 27 is a push shaft, 28 is a support block, 29 is a groove, 30 is a center, 31 is an outer top block, 32 is a sliding groove, 33 is a limit pin, 34 is a part, 35 is a chuck, and 36 is a chuck jaw. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a positioning device for expansion processing of thin-walled cylindrical parts includes a positioning cylinder 1, a support rod 2, and a pushing slider 3. The support rod 2 is disposed inside the positioning cylinder 1 and slidably connected to a support plate 4 inside the positioning cylinder 1. The support plate 4 is fixedly connected to the positioning cylinder 1. The support rod 2 can only move along the axial direction of the positioning cylinder 1 and cannot rotate. Specifically, the upper end of the support rod 2 can be set as a plane to limit its circumferential movement with the support plate 4.

[0026] There are three push sliders 3, each corresponding to one of the three jaws 36 of the three-jaw chuck 35. All three push sliders 3 are slidably connected to the positioning cylinder 1. A conical push plate 5 is fixedly connected to the support rod 2, and the bottom of each push slider 3 has an inclined surface that mates with the conical push plate 5. When the push slider 3 moves radially along the positioning cylinder 1, it drives the support rod 2 to move axially along the positioning cylinder 1.

[0027] At least two inner support sliders 6 are slidably connected to the positioning cylinder 1; the inner support sliders 6 slide radially along the positioning cylinder 1; the support rod 2 is provided with a pusher 7, which contacts the inner support sliders 6, and the contact surface between the pusher 7 and the inner support sliders 6 is an inclined surface. When the support rod 2 moves axially along the positioning cylinder 1, the pusher 7 will push the inner support sliders 6 to slide.

[0028] In use, part 34 (thin-walled cylindrical) is fitted over the positioning device; the three jaws 36 of the three-jaw chuck 35 are moved inward by the chuck wrench to contact the push slider 3, causing the push slider 3 to move radially and drive the inner support sliders 6 to move outward to contact the inner wall of part 34. This achieves an "expansion" type external support fixation of part 34 from the inside out. After fixation, the outer surface of part 34 can be finished using a lathe tool.

[0029] After machining is complete, use a chuck wrench to move the three jaws 36 of the three-jaw chuck 35 outwards, so that they do not contact the inner support slider 6. At this point, the part 34 and the positioning device can be removed.

[0030] The expansion-type positioning and fixing method described above can effectively support the part 34; and by increasing the number of inner support sliders 6, the contact range with the part 34 can be increased, thereby enhancing the support and fixing effect, and effectively avoiding the situation where the part 34 is deformed due to the direct clamping of the part 34 by the chuck 35.

[0031] The positioning cylinder 1 has a liquid outlet hole 8, the support rod 2 has a first flow channel 9, and the conical pusher 5 has a second flow channel 10. The first flow channel 9 and the second flow channel 10 are connected, and the second flow channel 10 is inclined and faces the liquid outlet hole 8. Specifically, a rotary joint can be provided at the end of the support rod 2. The rotary joint is used to connect the cutting fluid pipeline.

[0032] During the machining process, the cutting fluid flows out from the outlet hole 8 after passing through the first flow channel 9 and the second flow channel 10. The cutting fluid flowing out from the outlet hole 8 will come into contact with the inner wall of the part 34, thereby cooling its interior and preventing thermal deformation during the finishing process, thus improving the machining accuracy of the finishing process.

[0033] The inclined arrangement of the second flow channel 10 allows the cutting fluid to flow from the end of the part 34 to the front end. Moreover, during the machining process, the support rod 2 and the conical pusher 5 rotate together with the chuck 35, and the cutting fluid flowing out from the outlet hole 8 also contacts the part 34 in a rotating manner, thereby effectively increasing the contact area between the two and ensuring uniform cooling.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, a first spring 11 is provided between the inner support slider 6 and the positioning cylinder 1. When the inner support slider 6 moves outward, it compresses the first spring 11, providing elastic support. When the external force is removed (the chuck 35 is released), the first spring 11 releases its elastic potential energy, causing the inner support slider 6 to move inward and reset, creating a gap between the inner support slider 6 and the inner wall of the part 34, facilitating the separation of this positioning device from the part 34 after processing.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, a fixed support plate 12 is bolted to the inner support slider 6. The length of the fixed support plate 12 is greater than that of the inner support slider 6, which can increase the contact area with the part 34 and provide better support. At the same time, the fixed support plate 12 of different specifications can be replaced as needed, such as fixed support plates 12 of different thicknesses or lengths, depending on the size of the part 34.

[0036] Furthermore, by setting a first spring 11, while the first spring 11 pushes the inner support slider 6 to reset, the inner support slider 6 and the pusher 7 will also drive the support rod 2 to move in the opposite direction and reset.

[0037] However, relying solely on the elastic potential energy provided by the first spring 11 may result in incomplete reset due to resistance. Therefore, as Figure 3 As shown, a second spring 13 is provided between the pusher 7 and the positioning cylinder 1. When the pusher 7 moves, the second spring 13 is also compressed; when the external force is removed, the elastic potential energy is released through the second spring 13 to drive the pusher 7 and the support rod 2 to reset.

[0038] Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 The pusher 7 is in sliding connection with the support rod 2, the pusher 7 is in rotational connection with the adjusting sleeve 14, and the adjusting sleeve 14 is in threaded connection with the support rod 2. By rotating the adjusting sleeve 14, the position of the pusher 7 is changed, and when the position of the pusher 7 is changed, the position of the inner support slider 6 is also changed accordingly.

[0039] When processing a batch of parts 34, the pusher 7 can be moved by rotating the adjusting sleeve 14. The pusher 7 pushes the inner support slider 6 to move outward, thereby reducing the distance between the inner wall of the part 34. Therefore, during the clamping process of the lathe chuck 35, the claw 36 only needs to move a small distance to make the fixed support plate 12 on the inner support slider 6 support the part 34.

[0040] Therefore, during clamping by the lathe chuck 35, the number of rotations of the chuck wrench can be reduced, thereby improving the clamping efficiency.

[0041] Further, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4 Further, the outer top block 31 is connected with the claw 36 of the lathe chuck 35. The outer top block 31 is in the shape of a crescent. The outer top block 31 is in rotational connection with the claw 36. The outer top block 31 is provided with a sliding groove 32, and the claw 36 is provided with a limiting pin 33 connected with the sliding groove 32. The limiting pin 33 is fixedly connected with the claw 36 and located in the sliding groove 32. There is a movement gap between the limiting pin 33 and the sliding groove 32, so that the outer top block 31 can rotate by a certain angle.

[0042] Each claw 36 is provided with an outer top block 31, which can clamp and fix the outer wall of the part 34 through the outer top block 31, thereby improving the fixing effect of the part 34. In addition, the outer top block 31 can rotate by a certain amplitude, so that it can better fit the outer wall of the part 34.

[0043] Because of the outer top block 31, when clamping the part 34, the position of the pusher 7 needs to be adjusted by the adjusting sleeve 14. To ensure that the outer top block 31 clamps the part 34 while the claw 36 is in contact with the pusher slider 3, and the fixed support plate 12 on the inner support slider 6 is in contact with the inner wall of the part 34 to provide support. When batch finishing (finishing turning), the position of the adjusting sleeve 14 only needs to be adjusted once.

[0044] Further, as shown in Figure 3As shown, the threaded connection between the adjusting sleeve 14 and the support rod 2 can be implemented in various structures. Specifically, a blocking plate 15 is arranged on the adjusting sleeve 14 and is threadedly connected with the support rod 2. The blocking plate 15 is fixedly connected with one end of the adjusting sleeve 14. The blocking plate 15 is provided with a threaded hole 16 threadedly connected with the support rod 2. The support rod 2 is provided with a corresponding external thread.

[0045] Further, as shown in the accompanying drawings, the positioning device further comprises a fixing ring 17 threadedly connected with the positioning cylinder 1. The fixing ring 17 is provided with at least two flaps 18. Figure 2 When the positioning cylinder 1 rotates together with the part 34, the flaps 18 can drive the gas flow to cool and lower the temperature of the part 34. Moreover, the fixing ring 17 is threadedly connected, and can be disassembled and assembled as needed.

[0046] Embodiment 2

[0047] When the part 34 with a long axial length is machined, the inner supporting slider 6 or the fixed supporting plate 12 in the above positioning device has a limited contact range with the inner wall of the part 34. Therefore, based on the embodiment 1, as shown in the accompanying drawings, the embodiment further comprises an extension cylinder 19 threadedly connected with the positioning cylinder 1, so as to lengthen the overall length. Meanwhile, the extension cylinder 19 is provided with a supporting assembly 20, which can also provide support to the inside of the part 34. Figure 5 Figure 6 Further, as shown in the accompanying drawings, the supporting assembly 20 comprises a liquid storage cylinder 21, a pushing rod 22 and a top block 23. The top block 23 is slidably connected with the extension cylinder 19 and slides along the radial direction of the extension cylinder 19. The top block 23 is provided with at least two. The pushing rod 22 is slidably connected with the liquid storage cylinder 21. A third spring 24 is arranged between the pushing rod 22 and the liquid storage cylinder 21, and is used for resetting the pushing rod 22.

[0048] Further, as shown in the accompanying drawings, the supporting assembly 20 comprises a liquid storage cylinder 21, a pushing rod 22 and a top block 23. The top block 23 is slidably connected with the extension cylinder 19 and slides along the radial direction of the extension cylinder 19. The top block 23 is provided with at least two. The pushing rod 22 is slidably connected with the liquid storage cylinder 21. A third spring 24 is arranged between the pushing rod 22 and the liquid storage cylinder 21, and is used for resetting the pushing rod 22. Figure 6 Figure 7 The liquid storage cylinder 21 is fixedly connected with the extension cylinder 19. A liquid cavity 25 is arranged in the liquid storage cylinder 21. Hydraulic oil is arranged in the liquid cavity 25. A supporting pipe 26 is arranged on the liquid storage cylinder 21 and is in communication with the liquid cavity 25. The number of the supporting pipes 26 is the same as that of the top blocks 23. Each supporting pipe 26 is slidably connected with a pushing shaft 27. The end of the pushing shaft 27 is fixedly connected with the top block 23.

[0049] The liquid storage cylinder 21 is fixedly connected with the extension cylinder 19. A liquid cavity 25 is arranged in the liquid storage cylinder 21. Hydraulic oil is arranged in the liquid cavity 25. A supporting pipe 26 is arranged on the liquid storage cylinder 21 and is in communication with the liquid cavity 25. The number of the supporting pipes 26 is the same as that of the top blocks 23. Each supporting pipe 26 is slidably connected with a pushing shaft 27. The end of the pushing shaft 27 is fixedly connected with the top block 23.

[0050] ​​When processing, the top center 30 of the lathe pushes against the pushing rod 22, causing the pushing rod 22 to move, injecting the hydraulic oil in the liquid cavity 25 into the supporting pipe 26, and finally pushing the pushing shaft 27 and the top block 23 to move outward; the top block 23 is in contact with the inner wall of the part 34 to support and fix. After processing, the top center 30 is reset; the elastic potential energy is released through the third spring 24, so that the pushing rod 22 is reset, and the hydraulic oil in the supporting pipe 26 returns to the liquid cavity 25 again; at the same time, the top block 23 also moves inward to reset.

[0051] Further, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , one end of the pushing rod 22 is fixedly connected with a supporting block 28, and the supporting block 28 can better cooperate with the top center 30 by being arranged; specifically, a groove 29 cooperating with the top center 30 is arranged on the supporting block 28, that is, the contact range with the supporting block 28 can be increased, so that the top center 30 can better provide a supporting force.

[0052] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application in detail, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments.

Claims

1. An expansion machining positioning device for a thin-walled cylindrical part, characterized by: Including positioning cylinder (1), support rod (2) and push slider (3), the support rod (2) is arranged in the positioning cylinder (1) and is slidably connected with the support plate (4) in the positioning cylinder (1);The push slider (3) is provided with three, three push sliders (3) are slidably connected with the positioning cylinder (1), the support rod (2) is fixedly connected with the conical push disc (5), the push slider (3) bottom is provided with the inclined plane matched with the conical push disc (5), and the support rod (2) is moved along the axial movement of the positioning cylinder (1) by the push slider (3) along the radial movement of the positioning cylinder (1); At least two inner support sliders (6) are slidably connected on the positioning cylinder (1);The inner support slider (6) slides along the radial direction of the positioning cylinder (1);The support rod (2) is provided with a pusher (7), the pusher (7) is in contact with the inner support slider (6), and the contact surface between the pusher (7) and the inner support slider (6) is inclined surface; The positioning cylinder (1) is provided with a liquid outlet hole (8), the support rod (2) is provided with a first flow channel (9), the conical push disc (5) is provided with a second flow channel (10), the first flow channel (9) and the second flow channel (10) are communicated, and the second flow channel (10) is inclinedly arranged and faces the liquid outlet hole (8).

2. A positioning device for the expansion working of thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spring (11) is arranged between the inner support slider (6) and the positioning cylinder (1);The inner support slider (6) is bolted with a fixed support plate (12).

3. A positioning device for the expansion machining of thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second spring (13) is arranged between the pusher (7) and the positioning cylinder (1).

4. A positioning device for expansion processing of thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The pusher (7) is slidably connected with the support rod (2), the pusher (7) is rotatably connected with an adjusting sleeve (14), and the adjusting sleeve (14) is threadedly connected between the pusher (7) and the support rod (2).

5. A positioning device for the expansion machining of thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjusting sleeve (14) is provided with a blocking plate (15) threadedly connected with the support rod (2), one end of the blocking plate (15) is fixedly connected with the adjusting sleeve (14), and the blocking plate (15) is provided with a threaded hole (16) threadedly connected with the support rod (2).

6. A positioning device for the expansion machining of thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an outer top block (31), and the outer top block (31) is connected with a claw (36) of a lathe chuck (35);The outer top block (31) is in the shape of a crescent;The outer top block (31) is rotatably connected with the claw (36);The outer top block (31) is provided with a sliding groove (32), and the claw (36) is provided with a limiting pin (33) connected with the sliding groove (32).

7. A positioning device for the expansion machining of thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fixed ring (17), which is threadedly connected between the positioning cylinder (1) and the positioning cylinder (1), and at least two fan leaves (18) are provided on the fixed ring (17).

8. A positioning device for the expansion machining of thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an extension cylinder (19), which is threadedly connected with the positioning cylinder (1);The extension cylinder (19) is provided with a support assembly (20).

9. A positioning device for the expansion machining of thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support assembly (20) comprises a liquid storage cylinder (21), a push rod (22) and a top block (23); the top block (23) is slidably connected with the extension cylinder (19), and the top block (23) slides along the radial direction of the extension cylinder (19); the top block (23) is provided with at least two; the push rod (22) is slidably connected with the liquid storage cylinder (21), and the third spring (24) is arranged between the push rod (22) and the liquid storage cylinder (21); the liquid storage cylinder (21) is fixedly connected with the extension cylinder (19), the liquid storage cylinder (21) is provided with a liquid cavity (25) therein, the liquid storage cylinder (21) is provided with a support pipe (26) thereon, and the support pipe (26) is in communication with the liquid cavity (25); the number of the support pipes (26) is the same as that of the top blocks (23), and each support pipe (26) is slidably connected with the push shaft (27) fixedly connected with the top block (23) therein.

10. An inflation processing positioning device for thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 9, characterized in that: One end of the push rod (22) is fixedly connected with a support block (28), and the support block (28) is provided with a groove (29) matched with a top tip (30).

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