Biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis gasification furnaces, and particularly relates to a biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace which comprises a combustion furnace, a pyrolysis furnace and a cooling furnace which are sequentially communicated, a plurality of grading screening assemblies are arranged in the pyrolysis furnace from top to bottom, and screening holes of the grading screening assemblies located on the lower portion are smaller than those of the grading screening assemblies located on the upper portion; the grading screening assembly comprises a screen and a plurality of stirring rods rotationally arranged on the screen, an air outlet is formed in one end of each stirring rod, and the screen is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pyrolyzing furnace; an air inlet pipe is arranged in the middle of the pyrolyzing furnace, one end of the air inlet pipe communicates with the combustion furnace, and the other end of the air inlet pipe communicates with the stirring rod; an inverted-cone-shaped cooling pipe is arranged in the cooling furnace, the inverted-cone-shaped cooling pipe exchanges heat with the condensation end of a heat pump system, the heat dissipation end of the heat pump system is arranged at the air inlet end of the combustion furnace, the air inlet end of the combustion furnace is communicated with an air source, and the air source blows heat of the heat dissipation end of the heat pump system into the combustion furnace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis gasification furnaces, and particularly relates to a biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass energy, as an important renewable and clean energy source, plays a crucial role in optimizing the energy structure and reducing environmental pollution through its efficient conversion and utilization. Pyrolysis gasification technology is a key pathway for converting biomass feedstocks into high-quality combustible gases, biochar, and bio-oil under anaerobic or oxygen-limited conditions. This process is one of the core links in realizing the high-value utilization of biomass resources. Currently, the research and development of related technologies and equipment focuses on improving energy conversion efficiency, enhancing product quality, and strengthening system operational stability, becoming a research hotspot and a key support for industrial development in the field of biomass energy utilization. Promoting the development of pyrolysis gasification technology towards high efficiency, stability, and energy conservation has positive practical significance for promoting a circular economy and sustainable development.

[0003] However, existing pyrolysis gasification technologies still face several common technical challenges in industrial application. Currently, biomass feedstocks typically exhibit diverse morphologies and uneven particle size distributions, leading to uneven heating within the furnace. This results in incomplete pyrolysis of some materials and over-pyrolysis of others, reducing overall gasification efficiency and affecting the uniformity and quality of combustible gas products. Furthermore, traditional pyrolysis devices rely heavily on radiation and conduction for heat transfer, resulting in uneven temperature distribution and low heat exchange efficiency. This restricts the improvement of reaction rates and makes the materials prone to coking and blockage due to excessively high local temperatures.

[0004] Therefore, a new and efficient biomass pyrolysis gasification system is urgently needed to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] A biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace includes: a combustion furnace, a pyrolysis furnace, and a cooling furnace arranged in sequence. The pyrolysis furnace contains a plurality of grading and screening components arranged from top to bottom, wherein the sieve holes of the lower grading and screening components are smaller than those of the upper grading and screening components.

[0008] The grading and screening assembly includes a screen and several stirring rods rotating on the screen. One end of each stirring rod is provided with an air outlet, and the screen is fixed to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0009] An air inlet pipe is provided in the middle of the pyrolysis furnace. One end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the combustion furnace, and the other end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the stirring rod.

[0010] The cooling furnace is equipped with an inverted conical cooling pipe, which has a heat exchange end connected to the heat pump system. The heat dissipation end of the heat pump system is located at the air inlet of the combustion furnace. The air inlet of the combustion furnace is connected to an air source, which blows the heat from the heat dissipation end of the heat pump system into the combustion furnace.

[0011] Optionally, the grading and screening component further includes:

[0012] A rotating seat is disposed at the center of the screen. A stirring rod mounting ring is rotatably connected to the rotating seat. A plurality of stirring rods are fixed circumferentially to the stirring rod mounting ring. A communicating cavity is provided inside the stirring rod mounting ring. The communicating cavity communicates with the stirring rods and with the side wall of the air inlet pipe.

[0013] A material-gathering ring is coaxially fixed to the top of the screen, and the inner wall of the material-gathering ring is in sliding contact with the end of the stirring rod;

[0014] The air inlet pipe passes through the center of the screen, the stirring rod mounting ring, and the rotating seat.

[0015] Optionally, the air inlet pipe includes a pipe body, which is fixed inside the pyrolysis furnace. The pipe body has several vent holes, which are used to communicate with the corresponding connecting cavities.

[0016] Optionally, a top limiting groove block is fixed on the inner side of the top of the pyrolysis furnace, and the top end of the tube body is inserted into the top limiting groove block;

[0017] The top of the combustion furnace and the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace are connected by a first vent pipe. The bottom end of the pipe body is inserted into the outlet end of the first vent pipe. A bottom limiting ring is coaxially fixed to the inner side of the outlet end of the first vent pipe. The bottom end of the pipe body is limited and matched with the bottom limiting ring.

[0018] Optionally, a first check valve may be connected to the middle of the first vent pipe.

[0019] Optionally, the top of the pyrolysis furnace is connected to one end of a second vent pipe, and the other end of the second vent pipe is connected to the bottom of the cooling furnace.

[0020] Optionally, the outlet end of the second vent pipe is connected to an air equalization plate.

[0021] Optionally, a second check valve is connected in the middle of the second vent pipe.

[0022] Optionally, the heat pump system includes a heat pipe, which is connected to an expansion valve and a compressor. The heat pipe, the expansion valve, and the compressor form a continuous circuit. Refrigerant flows inside the heat pipe. The heat pipe includes a condensing section and a dissipating section. The dissipating section is located at the inlet end of the combustion furnace. The inlet end is connected to the outlet end of a high-pressure blower. The high-pressure blower blows the heat from the dissipating section into the combustion furnace. The condensing section is arranged around the outside of the inverted conical cooling pipe, and the condensing section and the inverted conical cooling pipe are configured for heat exchange.

[0023] Optionally, a first bottom screen is fixed to the bottom of the combustion furnace, a second bottom screen is fixed to the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace, and an oil collection tank is fixed to the bottom of the cooling furnace.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0025] This device employs multiple grading and screening components, utilizing a multi-layered screen structure with progressively smaller mesh sizes from top to bottom to create a stepped pyrolysis environment. This allows biomass feedstocks to undergo precise and gradual pyrolysis at different levels based on particle size. The rotating stirring rods on the screens not only mechanically crush and agitate the materials to prevent coking, but more importantly, they act as hot air channels, directly and evenly injecting high-temperature gas from the combustion furnace into the material layer through the outlet. This achieves efficient convective heat transfer, solving the core problems of uneven temperature distribution and low pyrolysis efficiency in traditional devices, ensuring uniformity and high yield of the gas products. Simultaneously, the heat pump system creates a closed-loop heat system. The inverted conical cooling pipes in the cooling furnace absorb the residual heat carried by the pyrolysis gas during condensation and purification. This heat is then transferred through the heat pump system and released from the heat dissipation end to the gas inlet of the combustion furnace, achieving heat recycling. Through these features, this device ensures efficient and uniform pyrolysis while achieving internal energy circulation and efficient utilization, achieving the dual goals of energy saving and efficiency improvement. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of a section at point C;

[0031] The components include: 1. Combustion furnace; 2. High-pressure blower; 3. Heat pipe heat dissipation section; 4. First bottom screen; 5. First vent pipe; 6. First check valve; 7. Pyrolysis furnace; 8. Second bottom screen; 9. Grading and screening assembly; 10. Inlet pipe; 11. Second vent pipe; 12. Second check valve; 13. Cooling furnace; 14. Inverted cone-shaped cooling pipe; 15. Heat pipe condensation section; 16. Gas distribution plate; 17. Oil collection tank; 18. Compressor; 19. Expansion valve; 20. Top limiting slot block; 21. Bottom limiting ring; 901. Screen; 902. Material gathering ring; 903. Stirring rod; 904. Gas outlet; 905. Stirring rod mounting ring; 906. Rotating seat; 907. Connecting cavity; 1001. Pipe body; 1002. Vent hole. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Reference Figures 1 to 4 The present invention discloses a biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace, comprising: a combustion furnace 1, a pyrolysis furnace 7 and a cooling furnace 13 arranged in sequence. A plurality of grading and screening components 9 are arranged from top to bottom in the pyrolysis furnace 7, and the sieve holes of the grading and screening components 9 located at the bottom are smaller than the sieve holes of the grading and screening components 9 located at the top.

[0035] The grading and screening assembly 9 includes a screen 901 and several stirring rods 903 rotating on the screen 901. One end of the stirring rod 903 is provided with an air outlet 904. The screen 901 is fixed to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 7.

[0036] A gas inlet pipe 10 is provided in the middle of the pyrolysis furnace 7. One end of the gas inlet pipe 10 is connected to the combustion furnace 1, and the other end of the gas inlet pipe 10 is connected to the stirring rod 903.

[0037] The cooling furnace 13 is equipped with an inverted conical cooling pipe 14. The inverted conical cooling pipe 14 has a heat exchange condenser end of the heat pump system. The heat dissipation end of the heat pump system is located at the air inlet end of the combustion furnace 1. The air inlet end of the combustion furnace 1 is connected to an air source. The air source blows the heat from the heat dissipation end of the heat pump system into the combustion furnace 1.

[0038] In operation, the combustion furnace 1 burns fuel to generate high-temperature gas. This gas is transported through the inlet pipe 10 to the stirring rods 903 of the grading and screening components 9 in each layer of the pyrolysis furnace 7, and then ejected from the outlet 904. The biomass feedstock moves from top to bottom within the pyrolysis furnace 7, first landing on the uppermost screen 901. Large pieces of material are rapidly broken down and crushed under the action of the high-temperature airflow and the rotation of the stirring rods 903. Pieces meeting the particle size requirements pass through the screen holes and fall onto the next finer screen 901 for further pyrolysis. During this process, the multi-stage grading and screening components 9 ensure that materials of different particle sizes receive sufficient and uniform heat treatment in their corresponding stages. The rotation of the stirring rods 903 not only provides mechanical stirring and crushing but also allows the high-temperature gas ejected from within to directly penetrate the material layer, achieving efficient convective heat transfer. The gas generated during pyrolysis mixes with the high-temperature gas and enters the cooling furnace 13. Flowing through the inverted conical cooling pipe 14, it is cooled by the condenser end of the heat pump system, where the biomass oil is condensed and separated. Furthermore, the heat is transferred to the heat dissipation end of the heat pump system through the heat pump system, and this part of the heat is blown into the combustion furnace through the gas source, realizing closed-loop energy recovery.

[0039] The outlet end of the inverted cone-shaped cooling pipe 14 is connected to a combustible gas collection structure.

[0040] The combustible gas separated from the biomass oil enters the combustible gas collection structure to collect the combustible gas from biomass gasification.

[0041] The combustible gas collection structure is existing technology, and this solution will not elaborate on it.

[0042] This device, through the installation of multiple grading and screening components 9 and a multi-layered screen structure 901 with progressively smaller screen openings from top to bottom, constructs a stepped pyrolysis environment, enabling biomass raw materials to undergo precise and gradual pyrolysis at different levels according to particle size. The stirring rod 903 rotates on the screen 901, not only mechanically crushing and stirring the material to prevent coking, but more importantly, it acts as a hot air channel, directly and evenly injecting high-temperature gas from the combustion furnace 1 into the material layer through the outlet 904. This achieves efficient convective heat transfer, solving the core problems of uneven temperature distribution and low pyrolysis efficiency in traditional devices, ensuring the uniformity of gas product quality and high yield. Simultaneously, the heat pump system creates a closed-loop heat system. The inverted conical cooling pipe 14 in the cooling furnace 13 absorbs the residual heat carried by the pyrolysis gas during condensation and purification, and then transfers this heat through the heat pump system, releasing it from its heat dissipation end to the air inlet of the combustion furnace 1, achieving heat recycling. Through the above settings, this device ensures efficient and uniform pyrolysis while achieving internal energy circulation and efficient utilization, thus achieving the dual goals of energy saving and efficiency improvement.

[0043] As an optional implementation, the grading and screening component 9 further includes:

[0044] A rotating seat 906 is set at the center of the screen 901. The rotating seat 906 is rotatably connected to a stirring rod mounting ring 905. Several stirring rods 903 are fixed around the stirring rod mounting ring 905. A connecting cavity 907 is provided inside the stirring rod mounting ring 905. The connecting cavity 907 is connected to the stirring rods 903 and to the side wall of the air inlet pipe 10.

[0045] The material gathering ring 902 is coaxially fixed to the top of the screen 901, and the inner wall of the material gathering ring 902 is in sliding contact with the end of the stirring rod 903.

[0046] The air inlet pipe 10 passes through the center of the screen 901, the stirring rod mounting ring 905, and the rotating seat 906.

[0047] During operation, hot air delivered by the air inlet pipe 10 enters the connecting cavity 907 of the stirring rod mounting ring 905 and is evenly distributed to each stirring rod 903, from which it is ejected from its air outlet 904. The thrust generated by the ejected gas causes the stirring rods 903 to rotate, thereby stirring and distributing the material on the screen 901. At the same time, the material gathering ring 902 guides the material to the stirring area to prevent accumulation at the edges.

[0048] The sidewall of the aggregate ring 902 is designed with a slope, and the high end of the slope is located at the outer edge of the aggregate ring 902.

[0049] As an optional implementation, the air inlet pipe 10 includes a pipe body 1001, which is fixed inside the pyrolysis furnace 7. The pipe body 1001 has a plurality of vent holes 1002, which are used to communicate with the corresponding connecting chambers 907.

[0050] During operation, high-temperature gas from the combustion furnace flows through the tube body 1001 and precisely enters the connecting cavity 907 of the stirring rod mounting ring 905 through the corresponding vent holes 1002 of each layer. This achieves uniform and independent distribution of hot air to each grading and screening component, ensuring the stability of the multi-layer pyrolysis process and precise control of heat distribution.

[0051] As an optional implementation, a top limiting groove 20 is fixed to the inner side of the top of the pyrolysis furnace 7, and the top end of the tube body 1001 is inserted into the top limiting groove 20.

[0052] The top of the combustion furnace 1 is connected to the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 7 through a first vent pipe 5. The bottom end of the pipe body 1001 is inserted into the gas outlet of the first vent pipe 5. A bottom limiting ring 21 is coaxially fixed to the inner side of the gas outlet of the first vent pipe 5. The bottom end of the pipe body 1001 is limited and matched with the bottom limiting ring 21.

[0053] The top end of the tube body 1001 is inserted into the top limiting groove 20 on the inner side of the top of the pyrolysis furnace 7, while the bottom end is inserted into the outlet end of the first vent pipe 5 connecting the combustion furnace 1 and the pyrolysis furnace 7, forming a limiting engagement with the bottom limiting ring 21 at that end. This double limiting structure provides stable support and precise axial positioning for the inlet pipe 10, ensuring the continuity and reliability of the high-temperature gas delivery from the combustion furnace 1 to the various stirring rods 903 in the pyrolysis furnace 7, thereby guaranteeing the smooth operation of the entire pyrolysis process.

[0054] As an optional implementation, a first check valve 6 is connected to the middle of the first vent pipe 5.

[0055] The first check valve 6, located in the middle of the first vent pipe 5, can effectively prevent gas in the pyrolysis furnace 7 from flowing back into the combustion furnace 1, ensuring stable one-way delivery of high-temperature gas flow and guaranteeing safe operation of the system.

[0056] As an optional implementation, the top of the pyrolysis furnace 7 is connected to one end of the second vent pipe 11, and the other end of the second vent pipe 11 is connected to the bottom of the cooling furnace 13.

[0057] The pyrolysis gas enriched in the pyrolysis furnace 7 is smoothly introduced into the bottom of the cooling furnace 13 through the top second vent pipe 11, providing a stable and efficient airflow path for subsequent condensation and purification.

[0058] As an optional implementation, the outlet end of the second vent pipe 11 is connected to an air equalization plate 16.

[0059] The gas distribution plate 16 connected to the outlet end of the second vent pipe 11 allows the pyrolysis gas to be evenly diffused onto the surface of the inverted conical cooling pipe 14 of the cooling furnace 13, which significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency and cooling effect.

[0060] As an optional implementation, a second check valve 12 is connected in the middle of the second vent pipe 11.

[0061] The second check valve 12, located in the middle of the second vent pipe 11, can effectively prevent the gas in the cooling furnace 13 from flowing back into the pyrolysis furnace 7, ensuring that the pyrolysis gas is stably delivered to the cooling system in one direction. At the same time, it avoids the reverse airflow from interfering with the stability of the pyrolysis process, thus ensuring the continuous and safe operation of the system.

[0062] As an optional implementation, the heat pump system includes a heat pipe, which is connected to an expansion valve 19 and a compressor 18. The heat pipe, expansion valve 19 and compressor 18 form a connected circuit. Refrigerant flows inside the heat pipe. The heat pipe includes a heat pipe condensing section 15 and a heat pipe heat dissipation section 3. The heat pipe heat dissipation section 3 is located at the air inlet end of the combustion furnace 1. The air inlet end is connected to the air outlet end of a high-pressure blower 2. The high-pressure blower 2 blows the heat from the heat pipe heat dissipation section 3 into the combustion furnace 1. The heat pipe condensing section 15 is arranged around the outside of the inverted conical cooling pipe 14, and the heat pipe condensing section 15 and the inverted conical cooling pipe 14 are configured for heat exchange.

[0063] First, within the cooling furnace 13, the high-temperature gas generated by pyrolysis flows through the inverted conical cooling pipe 14, where the heat it carries exchanges with the heat pipe condensing section 15 surrounding the outside of the pipe via the pipe wall. The refrigerant inside the heat pipe evaporates and vaporizes after absorbing residual heat in the condensing section 15. Subsequently, the gaseous refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 18, becoming a high-temperature, high-pressure supercritical fluid or gas, with significantly increased temperature and pressure. This high-temperature, high-pressure working fluid then enters the heat pipe heat dissipation section 3 located at the air inlet of the combustion furnace 1. In this crucial stage, the high-pressure blower 2 blows ambient air through the heat pipe heat dissipation section 3, where the refrigerant condenses and liquefies, releasing high-grade heat energy to maintain the high temperature within the combustion furnace 1 and reduce fuel consumption. Finally, the liquefied refrigerant flows through the expansion valve 19 for throttling and pressure reduction. After the temperature and pressure decrease, it returns to the heat pipe condensing section 15 to begin a new round of heat absorption cycle. This system achieves cascaded energy utilization, greatly improving the overall thermal efficiency and energy utilization rate of the system, while also enhancing the stability and economy of system operation.

[0064] As an optional implementation, a first bottom screen 4 is fixed to the bottom of the combustion furnace 1, a second bottom screen 8 is fixed to the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 7, and an oil collection tank 17 is fixed to the bottom of the cooling furnace 13.

[0065] The first bottom screen 4 fixed at the bottom of the combustion furnace 1 is used to support the fuel and ensure its complete combustion, while allowing the ash produced by combustion to fall and be discharged smoothly; the second bottom screen 8 fixed at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 7 is used for the discharge of biomass residue; the oil collection tank 17 fixed at the bottom of the cooling furnace 13 is used to collect the liquid product bio-oil that condenses from the pyrolysis gas during the cooling process.

[0066] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0067] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace, characterized in that, include: A combustion furnace (1), a pyrolysis furnace (7), and a cooling furnace (13) are connected in sequence. Several grading and screening components (9) are arranged from top to bottom in the pyrolysis furnace (7). The sieve holes of the grading and screening components (9) located at the bottom are smaller than the sieve holes of the grading and screening components (9) located at the top. The grading and screening assembly (9) includes a screen (901) and a plurality of stirring rods (903) rotating on the screen (901). One end of the stirring rod (903) is provided with an air outlet (904). The screen (901) is fixed to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace (7). The pyrolysis furnace (7) is provided with an air inlet pipe (10) in the middle. One end of the air inlet pipe (10) is connected to the combustion furnace (1), and the other end of the air inlet pipe (10) is connected to the stirring rod (903). The cooling furnace (13) is equipped with an inverted conical cooling pipe (14), which has a heat exchange end of a heat pump system. The heat dissipation end of the heat pump system is located at the air inlet of the combustion furnace (1). The air inlet of the combustion furnace (1) is connected to an air source, which blows the heat from the heat dissipation end of the heat pump system into the combustion furnace (1).

2. The biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grading and screening component (9) also includes: A rotating seat (906) is provided at the center of the screen (901). The rotating seat (906) is rotatably connected to a stirring rod mounting ring (905). A plurality of stirring rods (903) are fixed in the circumference of the stirring rod mounting ring (905). A communicating cavity (907) is provided inside the stirring rod mounting ring (905). The communicating cavity (907) communicates with the stirring rods (903) and communicates with the side wall of the air inlet pipe (10). The material gathering ring (902) is coaxially fixed to the top of the screen (901), and the inner wall of the material gathering ring (902) is in sliding contact with the end of the stirring rod (903); The air inlet pipe (10) passes through the center of the screen (901), the stirring rod mounting ring (905), and the rotating seat (906).

3. A biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air inlet pipe (10) includes a pipe body (1001), which is fixed inside the pyrolysis furnace (7). The pipe body (1001) has several ventilation holes (1002) which are used to communicate with the corresponding connecting cavity (907).

4. A biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pyrolysis furnace (7) has a top limiting groove block (20) fixed on the inner side of the top, and the top end of the tube body (1001) is inserted into the top limiting groove block (20); The top of the combustion furnace (1) is connected to the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace (7) through a first vent pipe (5). The bottom end of the pipe body (1001) is inserted into the outlet end of the first vent pipe (5). A bottom limiting ring (21) is coaxially fixed to the inner side of the outlet end of the first vent pipe (5). The bottom end of the pipe body (1001) is limited and matched with the bottom limiting ring (21).

5. A biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first check valve (6) is connected to the middle of the first vent pipe (5).

6. A biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the pyrolysis furnace (7) is connected to one end of a second vent pipe (11), and the other end of the second vent pipe (11) is connected to the bottom of the cooling furnace (13).

7. A biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outlet end of the second vent pipe (11) is connected to an air equalization plate (16).

8. A biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second check valve (12) is connected in the middle of the second vent pipe (11).

9. A biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pump system includes a heat pipe, which is connected to an expansion valve (19) and a compressor (18). The heat pipe, the expansion valve (19), and the compressor (18) form a connected circuit. Refrigerant flows inside the heat pipe. The heat pipe includes a heat pipe condensing section (15) and a heat pipe heat dissipation section (3). The heat pipe heat dissipation section (3) is located at the air inlet of the combustion furnace (1). The air inlet is connected to the air outlet of a high-pressure blower (2). The high-pressure blower (2) blows the heat from the heat pipe heat dissipation section (3) into the combustion furnace (1). The heat pipe condensing section (15) is arranged around the outside of the inverted conical cooling pipe (14), and the heat pipe condensing section (15) and the inverted conical cooling pipe (14) are heat exchanged.

10. A biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the combustion furnace (1) is fixed with a first bottom screen (4), the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace (7) is fixed with a second bottom screen (8), and the bottom of the cooling furnace (13) is fixed with an oil collection tank (17).

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