Gasification furnace feeding device and gasification furnace

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gasification equipment, in particular to a gasifier feeding device and a gasifier. The gasifier feeding device comprises a coal bunker, a feeding assembly, a first valve, a discharging pipeline, a pressurizing assembly, a second valve and a discharging assembly, the coal bunker is suitable for storing materials, the first valve is arranged at the bottom of the coal bunker and connected with an inlet of the discharging pipeline, and the pressurizing assembly and the discharging assembly are connected with one end of the second valve. The second valve is arranged at an outlet of the discharging pipeline, the pressurizing assembly comprises a lock hopper for bearing materials, the upper end of the lock hopper is connected with the second valve, the feeding assembly comprises a feeding component and a coal conveying pipe, a preset included angle A is formed between the straight line where the extending direction of the coal conveying pipe is located and the straight line where the extending direction of the gasification furnace is located, A is 25-45 degrees, and the size of the coal conveying pipe in the vertical direction is 3-7 m. The gasification furnace feeding device can improve the coal lock utilization rate, reduce pressurization gas consumption and cost and improve the combustion efficiency of the gasification furnace.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gasification equipment, in particular to a gasifier feeding device and a gasifier. BACKGROUND

[0002] The feeding system of the gasifier using solid particles as raw materials basically still adopts the principle of coal lock, wherein the coal lock is a central device, and the solid valve matched with the coal lock is the key to realize the pressure boosting function. In order to ensure that the solid valve is as little as possible to contact the solid, when adding the normal pressure coal into the coal lock, a certain space at the upper part of the coal lock needs to be reserved. For example, the device is only filled with 75%, and 25% of the space at the upper part is left. In this way, the utilization rate of the device is not high, and a large amount of gas is needed to pressurize the space at the upper part. In addition, the material needs to be delivered to the gasifier, and the gas also needs to be delivered to the gasifier to deliver the material to the gasifier, which increases the cost of coal delivery. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application is based on the discovery and understanding of the inventors on the following facts and problems: The inventors also realize that a large amount of conveying gas is needed for the feeding operation of the gasifier to convey the solid particles from the coal feeding unit to the gasifier. Generally, dilute phase conveying or dense phase conveying is adopted. In order to ensure safety and avoid dust burning or explosion, the conveying gas needs to use inert gas, and nitrogen is mostly used. Nitrogen enters the gasifier with the coal powder, and nitrogen dilutes the final coal gas composition, reduces the effective composition of the coal gas, and affects the combustion efficiency.

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

[0005] To this end, the embodiments of the present application propose a gasifier feeding device, which can improve the utilization rate of the coal lock, reduce the cost of pressurization gas and cost, and improve the combustion efficiency of the gasifier.

[0006] The gasifier feeding device of the embodiments of the present application comprises: a coal bunker, a first valve and a feeding pipe, the coal bunker is suitable for storing material, the first valve is arranged at the bottom of the coal bunker, and the first valve is connected with the inlet of the feeding pipe; a pressurizing assembly, a second valve and a discharging assembly, the pressurizing assembly and the discharging assembly are respectively connected with one end of the second valve, the second valve is arranged at the outlet of the feeding pipe, the pressurizing assembly comprises a lock hopper for carrying the material, and the upper end of the lock hopper is connected with the second valve, wherein the discharging assembly has an open state and a closed state. In the open state, the discharging assembly is opened to output the material in the feeding pipe. In the closed state, the discharging assembly is closed to end the output of the material, and the particle size of the material is 0-2mm; The feeding assembly is connected with the output end of the pressurizing assembly, and the output end of the feeding assembly is connected with the gasification furnace.

[0007] The feeding device of the gasification furnace of the embodiment of the application can unload the material in the downpipe in the open state, so that the second valve and the first valve are closed, the coal lock is full of load, the utilization rate of the coal lock is improved, the cost of the pressurizing gas is reduced, and the combustion efficiency of the gasification furnace is improved.

[0008] In some embodiments, the unloading assembly comprises a third valve and an unloading pipe, one end of the third valve is connected with the second valve, and the other end of the third valve is connected with the unloading pipe.

[0009] In some embodiments, the pressurizing assembly comprises a lock hopper, a vent valve, a gas filling component, and a fourth valve, the inlet of the lock hopper is connected with the second valve, the vent valve is arranged at the top of the lock hopper, the gas filling component is connected with the lock hopper to pressurize the lock hopper with gas, and the outlet of the lock hopper is connected with the fourth valve.

[0010] In some embodiments, the feeding device of the gasification furnace further comprises a pressure coal bunker and a balance valve, the pressure coal bunker is connected with the other end of the fourth valve, the pressure coal bunker is connected with one end of the balance valve, and the other end of the balance valve is connected with the lock hopper.

[0011] In some embodiments, the feeding assembly comprises a feeding shell, a driving shaft, a driving component, a spiral blade, and a coal conveying pipe, the inlet of the feeding shell is connected with the outlet of the lock hopper, the outlet of the feeding shell is connected with the inlet of the coal conveying pipe, the feeding shell has a mounting cavity, the driving shaft and the driving component are arranged in the mounting cavity, the output end of the driving component is connected with the driving shaft, and the driving shaft is provided with the spiral blade arranged in the axial direction of the driving shaft.

[0012] In some embodiments, the driving component comprises a driving member and a power supply member, the driving member is arranged in the mounting cavity, and the power supply member is connected with the driving member through the feeding shell.

[0013] In some embodiments, the feeding assembly further comprises a fifth valve, one end of the fifth valve is connected with the outlet of the coal conveying pipe, and the other end of the fifth valve is connected with the gasification furnace.

[0014] In some embodiments, the number of coal conveying pipes is multiple, and the number of fifth valves is multiple, and each of the multiple coal conveying pipes corresponds to one of the multiple fifth valves.

[0015] The gasification furnace of the embodiment of the present application comprises: The gasification furnace body comprises a combustion section and a gasification section, the gasification section is in communication with the combustion section at the lower end, and the feeding device is connected to the gasification section. The centrifugal separation assembly is connected to the dust removal assembly and the combustion section respectively, the dust removal assembly has a second feeding port, a third gas outlet and a second discharging port, the centrifugal separation assembly comprises a centrifugal pipe and a circulating leg, the centrifugal pipe has a first feeding port, the circulating leg has a first port arranged at the top, a second gas outlet and a first discharging port arranged at the bottom, the first feeding port is connected to the upper end of the gasification section, the outlet of the centrifugal pipe is connected to the first port of the circulating leg, and the first discharging port of the circulating leg is in communication with the end of the combustion section away from the gasification section. The third gas outlet is arranged at the top of the dust removal assembly, the second feeding port of the dust removal assembly is in communication with the third gas outlet, and the second discharging port is connected to the circulating leg.

[0016] In some embodiments, the material flowing direction of the feeding device into the gasification section is opposite to the material flowing direction in the gasification section, and / or the pressure after being pressurized by the pressurizing assembly is greater than or equal to the pressure of the gasification section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the gasification furnace feeding device of the embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is another schematic view of the gasification furnace feeding device of the embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the feeding assembly of the embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the gasification furnace of the embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the circulating leg of the embodiment of the present application.

[0022] REFERENCE SIGNS: The gasification furnace body 1 comprises a combustion section 11 and a gasification section 12, the gasification section 12 is in communication with the combustion section 11 at the lower end, and the feeding device is connected to the gasification section 12. centrifugal separation assembly 2, centrifugal tube 21, circulating leg 22, inertial separation section 221, first feeding port 23, second gas outlet 24, first discharge port 25, dust removal assembly 3, second feeding port 31, third gas outlet 32, second discharge port 33, coal bunker 4, first valve 5, discharging pipeline 6, pressurizing assembly 7, lock hopper 71, vent valve 72, aeration component 73, fourth valve 74, feeding assembly 8, feeding shell 81, drive shaft 82, drive component 83, drive part 831, power supply part 832, helical blade 84, coal conveying pipe 85, fifth valve 86, discharging assembly 9, third valve 91, discharging pipeline 92, second valve 10, pressure coal bunker 101, balance valve 102. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0024] The gasifier feeding device of the embodiment of the present application comprises: The pressurizing assembly 7, the feeding assembly 8, the second valve 10, the discharging assembly 9, the coal bunker 4, the first valve 5 and the discharging pipeline 6, the coal bunker 4 is suitable for storing materials, the first valve 5 is arranged at the bottom of the coal bunker 4, the first valve 5 is connected with the inlet of the discharging pipeline 6, and the particle size of the material is 0-2mm; The pressurizing assembly 7 and the discharging assembly 9 are respectively connected with one end of the second valve 10, the second valve 10 is arranged at the outlet of the discharging pipeline 6, the pressurizing assembly 7 comprises a lock hopper 71 for carrying materials, the upper end of the lock hopper 71 is connected with the second valve 10, wherein the discharging assembly 9 has an open state and a closed state, in the open state, the discharging assembly 9 is opened to output the materials in the discharging pipeline 6, in the closed state, the discharging assembly 9 is closed to end the output of the materials, and the feeding assembly comprises a feeding component and a coal conveying pipe, the gasifier and the coal conveying pipe extend in the direction of gravity, and the straight line in the extension direction of the coal conveying pipe 85 and the straight line in the extension direction of the gasifier form a preset angle A, A satisfies 25°-45°, and the size of the coal conveying pipe in the up-down direction satisfies 3m-7m. Here, the gasifier can be understood as the gasifier body. The direction of gravity is the up-down direction in the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The input end of the feeding assembly 8 is connected with the output end of the pressurizing assembly 7, and the output end of the feeding assembly 8 is connected with the gasifier.

[0026] Specifically, the coal bunker 4 is provided with the first valve 5 at the lower end, the first valve 5 is opened to output the materials, and the first valve 5 is closed to stop the output of the materials, The lower end of the first valve 5 is connected with the upper end of the discharging pipeline 6, the lower end of the discharging pipeline 6 is connected with the upper end of the second valve 10, the lower end of the second valve 10 is connected with the pressurizing assembly 7 to output the material to the pressurizing assembly 7. When the coal bunker 4 outputs the material to the pressurizing assembly 7, the first valve 5 is opened, the second valve 10 is opened, and the discharging assembly 9 is closed, and then the material in the coal bunker 4 is output to the coal lock of the pressurizing assembly 7, and then the material in the pressurizing assembly 7 is pressurized to be output to the feeding assembly 8, and the feeding assembly 8 outputs the input material to the gasification section 12 of the gasification furnace.

[0027] After the feeding of the coal bunker 4 is completed, the first valve 5 is closed, the second valve 10 is opened, and the discharging assembly 9 is opened to output the material in the discharging pipeline 6 between the first valve 5 and the second valve 10, so as to avoid that the material in the discharging pipeline 6 causes the second valve 10 to be unable to be normally closed. After the material in the discharging pipeline 6 is output, the second valve 10 is closed, and the pressurizing assembly 7 is pressurized to output the subsequent material to the feeding assembly 8.

[0028] It should be noted that the feeding system of the gasification furnace using solid particles as raw materials basically still adopts the coal lock principle, wherein the coal lock is a central equipment, and the solid valve matched with the coal lock is a key to realize the pressurization function. In order to ensure that the working environment of the solid valve is as little as possible to contact the solid, when the normal pressure coal is added to the lock hopper 71, a certain space is needed to be reserved in the upper part of the lock hopper 71, that is, a part of the upper end of the pressurizing assembly 7 is reserved, for example, the feeding is only filled with 75%, and 25% of the space is left in the upper part. The utilization rate of such device is not high, and a large amount of gas is needed when the space in the upper part is pressurized, which causes a large amount of gas to be used. The feeding device of the present application discharges the material in the discharging pipeline 6 above the pressurizing assembly 7 through the discharging assembly 9 from the side road, so that the material in the discharging pipeline 6 can be discharged when the space above the lock hopper 71 of the pressurizing assembly 7 is filled with the material, so as to facilitate the closing of the first valve 5 and the second valve 10, thereby improving the utilization rate of the lock hopper 71 of the pressurizing assembly 7, and the space above the lock hopper 71 is filled, thereby reducing the amount of pressurizing gas. The pressurizing gas is nitrogen, and there is a small gap between the materials after the lock hopper 71 is filled with the materials, so that the gas can enter the lock hopper 71, thereby realizing that the gas pressure in the lock hopper 71 is increased to be the same as or greater than the gas pressure in the gasification furnace.

[0029] The size of the coal conveying pipe 85 in the up-down direction is 3m~7m, and / or the included angle between the coal conveying pipe 85 and the gasification furnace is 25°~45°. That is, the pressure in the coal conveying pipe 85 is the same as or greater than the pressure in the gasification furnace, and then the coal conveying pipe 85 extends in the gravity direction, that is, the up-down direction, and the material at the upper end of the coal conveying pipe 85 falls into the gasification furnace by gravity, thereby reducing the cost of coal conveying without the need of gas conveying.

[0030] The size of the coal conveying pipe 85 in the up-down direction is 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m. The included angle A between the coal conveying pipe 85 and the gasification furnace is 25°-45°, and the included angle between the straight line in which the coal conveying pipe 85 extends in the up-down direction and the straight line in which the gasification furnace extends is 25°, 27°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, so as to avoid that the too large inclination angle causes too large resistance of the material falling, and the falling speed is affected, and the too small inclination angle causes that the gas in the gasification furnace affects the material falling of the coal conveying pipe 85, and the stability and safety of feeding are improved. The coal conveying pipe 85 is arranged at a high position relative to the gasification furnace, the need of conveying gas is avoided, and the production cost is reduced.

[0031] The gasification furnace feeding device of the embodiment of the application sets the size of the coal conveying pipe in the up-down direction and the included angle between the coal conveying pipe and the gasification furnace, so that the material in the coal conveying pipe falls into the gasification furnace by gravity, and then the gas conveying is not needed, and the stability and safety during coal conveying are improved. The discharge assembly 9 has an open state and a closed state, in the open state, the discharge assembly 9 is opened to output the material in the discharging pipeline 6, in the closed state, the discharge assembly 9 is closed to end the material output, the material in the discharging pipeline 6 can be discharged after the coal bunker 4 finishes feeding the lock hopper 71, the first valve 5 and the second valve 10 are closed, so that the pressurizing assembly 7 pressurizes the lock hopper 71, the utilization rate of the coal lock is improved, the gas for pressurizing and the cost are reduced, and the amount of gas feeding is reduced. In the related art, the pressurized nitrogen gas enters the gasification furnace with the coal powder, the nitrogen gas dilutes the last coal gas component, and the effective component of the coal gas is reduced, in the application, the amount of nitrogen gas is reduced, the proportion of nitrogen gas in the last generated coal gas is reduced, and the combustion efficiency of the gasification furnace is improved. By setting the material particle size, the material particle size is avoided to be too large to cause ash accumulation in the gasification furnace or insufficient gas-solid mixing, and the stability of the gasification furnace operation is improved.

[0032] Or, when there is no discharge assembly 9, the lock hopper 71 is filled with material, and the material inevitably appears in the discharging pipeline 6, the second valve 10 can not be normally closed, or the closing of the second valve 10 causes the material in the discharging pipeline 6 to move upward and press the first valve 5, and the first valve 5 is not easy to open. By setting the discharge assembly 9, the stability of the operation of the second valve 10 and the first valve 5 is improved.

[0033] In some embodiments, the unloading assembly 9 comprises a third valve 91 and an unloading pipeline 92, one end of the third valve 91 is connected with the second valve 10, and the other end of the third valve 91 is connected with the unloading pipeline 92. The third valve 91 is opened to output the material in the second valve 10 and the material pipeline 6 to the unloading pipeline 92, so as to avoid the material affecting the closing of the second valve 10 or the first valve 5, and avoid the material in the material pipeline 6 affecting the opening of the first valve 5. For example, when there is no unloading assembly 9, the lock hopper 71 is filled with material, and the material inevitably appears in the material pipeline 6, the second valve 10 cannot be normally closed, or the closing of the second valve 10 causes the material in the material pipeline 6 to move upward and press the first valve 5, so that the first valve 5 is not easy to open. By setting the unloading assembly 9, the stability of the operation of the second valve 10 and the first valve 5 can be improved.

[0034] In some embodiments, the pressurizing assembly 7 comprises a vent valve 72, an inflation component 73, and a fourth valve 74, the inlet of the lock hopper 71 is connected with the second valve 10, the top of the lock hopper 71 is provided with the vent valve 72, the inflation component 73 is connected with the lock hopper 71 to inflate the lock hopper 71 with gas, and the outlet of the lock hopper 71 is connected with the fourth valve 74.

[0035] Specifically, the feeding assembly 8 comprises the vent valve 72, after the coal bunker 4 finishes feeding the material to the lock hopper 71, the third valve 91 of the unloading assembly 9 is closed, the first valve 5 and the second valve 10 are closed, and the fourth valve 74 is in a closed state, the lock hopper 71 is inflated and pressurized by the inflation component 73, so that the pressure in the lock hopper 71 is the same as or greater than the pressure in the gasifier, so that the pressurizing assembly 7 outputs the material to the feeding assembly 8 and the subsequent gasifier. After the lock hopper 71 is inflated and pressurized, the fourth valve 74 is opened to output the material in the lock hopper 71. After the lock hopper 71 finishes outputting the material, the fourth valve 74 is closed, the vent valve 72 is opened to reduce the pressure in the lock hopper 71, after the venting is finished, the vent valve 72 is closed, then the first valve 5 and the second valve 10 are opened, the material in the coal bed is input into the lock hopper 71, after the material is input into the lock hopper 71, the first valve 5 is closed, the second valve 10 remains opened, the third valve 91 of the unloading assembly 9 is opened to output the material in the material pipeline 6, then the second valve 10 is closed, and the inflation component 73 of the pressurizing assembly 7 pressurizes the lock hopper 71, so as to perform the feeding cycle.

[0036] The gasifier feeding device of the embodiments of the present application comprises the inflation component 73 and the vent valve 72, the inflation component 73 pressurizes the pressure in the lock hopper 71 to be the same as or greater than the pressure in the gasifier, so as to facilitate the material in the pressurizing assembly 7 to be smoothly output to the feeding assembly 8 and the subsequent gasifier, and after the lock hopper 71 finishes feeding the material, the vent valve 72 reduces the pressure in the lock hopper 71, so as to facilitate the material in the coal bunker 4 under normal pressure to be output to the lock hopper 71, and improve the stability of the feeding cycle.

[0037] In some embodiments, the gasifier feeding device further comprises a pressure coal bin 101 and a balance valve 102, the pressure coal bin 101 is connected with the other end of the fourth valve 74, the pressure coal bin 101 is connected with one end of the balance valve 102, and the other end of the balance valve 102 is connected with the lock hopper 71. The pressure coal bin 101 is maintained at high pressure, that is, the pressure coal layer is at a pressure level equivalent to or slightly higher than the gasifier, and the pressure coal bin 101 serves as a buffer bin to receive the pressure coal powder from the lock hopper 71 while providing the coal powder for the coal feeding controller.

[0038] The upper end of the pressure coal bin 101 is connected with the lower end of the fourth valve 74, and the lower end of the pressure coal layer is connected with the feeding assembly 8 to output the material. When the coal lock transports the material to the pressure coal bin 101, the balance valve 102 is opened to facilitate the exchange of gas in the pressure coal bin 101 and the lock hopper 71 through the balance valve 102, so as to complete the transportation of the material in the lock hopper 71 to the pressure coal bin 101 and improve the stability of the material transportation of the pressure coal bin 101.

[0039] The pressure coal bin 101 can use the existing air charging part 73 to maintain high pressure, and the pressure of the pressure coal bin 101 is the same as that of the lock hopper 71.

[0040] In some embodiments, the feeding assembly 8 comprises a feeding shell 81, a driving shaft 82, a driving part 83, a spiral blade 84 and a coal conveying pipe 85, the feeding shell inlet is connected with the lock hopper 71 outlet, the feeding shell 81 outlet is connected with the coal conveying pipe 85 inlet, the feeding shell 81 has a mounting cavity, the driving shaft 82 and the driving part 83 are arranged in the mounting cavity, the output end of the driving part 83 is connected with the driving shaft 82, and the spiral blade 84 is arranged on the driving shaft 82 in the axial direction of the driving shaft 82.

[0041] Specifically, the upper end of the feeding shell 81 is connected with the pressure coal bin 101 to receive the material of the pressure coal bin 101.

[0042] The upper end of the coal conveying pipe 85 at the lower end of the feeding shell 81 is connected, and the lower end of the coal conveying pipe 85 is connected with the gasifier, The driving part 83 is arranged in the mounting cavity, the output end of the driving part 83 is connected with the driving shaft 82, the spiral blade 84 is arranged on the driving shaft 82, and the spiral blade 84 is arranged in the axial direction of the driving shaft 82 from left to right. It can be understood that the material enters the left end of the mounting cavity from the left end of the feeding shell 81, and then the material in the left end of the mounting cavity is transported to the right end under the drive of the spiral blade 84, and then the material enters the coal conveying pipe 85, and the coal conveying pipe 85 is arranged to facilitate the output of the material to the gasifier.

[0043] The gasifier feeding device of the embodiment of the application has the driving component 83, the driving shaft 82 and the helical blade 84 built-in in the mounting cavity. Compared with the related art in which the driving component 83 is externally arranged, the externally arranged driving component 83 is connected with the driving shaft 82 through the feeding shell 81, the rotating driving shaft 82 is connected with the driving component 83, and the rotation of the driving component 83 drives the helical rotation to control the coal feeding. The externally arranged driving component 83 needs to be sealed by the shaft seal to seal the part of the driving component 83 penetrating through the feeding shell 81. However, the mounting cavity is high pressure from the pressure coal bin 101, and the pressure is equivalent to the pressure of the gasifier but slightly higher. The outside of the mechanical seal of the shaft seal is the atmospheric environment. The mechanical dynamic seal needs to seal the pressure difference between the high pressure of the gasifier and the atmosphere, and is in contact with the high pressure pulverized coal. Once the dust enters the shaft seal, the seal is quickly worn out, and the intermittent becomes large. The gas carrying dust is more likely to leak, and more dust causes more serious wear. Therefore, the service life of the mechanical seal is short, the maintenance workload is large, and the reliability of the whole system is reduced. The driving component 83 is built-in in the application, which avoids the coal entering the shaft seal due to the pressure difference, improves the service life of the feeding assembly 8, and reduces the wear caused by the pressure.

[0044] Further, the driving component 83 includes a driving part 831 and a power supply part 832. The driving part 831 is arranged in the mounting cavity, and the power supply part 832 is connected with the driving part 831 through the feeding shell 81.

[0045] The power supply part 832 is externally arranged in the atmospheric environment, the driving part 831 is arranged in the mounting cavity and connected with the driving shaft 82, and the power supply part 832 supplies fluid to the driving part 831 to provide a power source. The power supply part 832 is connected with the driving part 831 through the feeding shell 81, and a static seal can be used between the power supply part 832 and the feeding shell 81 to improve the stability of the operation of the driving part 831.

[0046] Further, the driving part 831 can be a hydraulic motor, and the power supply part 832 can include an oil tank, a filter, a variable frequency oil pressurizing pump, a flow regulating valve, a flow meter and an oil pump controller. The outlet pipeline of the oil pressurizing pump is connected with the oil inlet of the oil pressure motor. The high pressure oil is sent to the oil pressure motor through the flow regulating valve at a certain flow rate. The outlet of the oil pressure motor is sent back to the oil tank through the outlet pipeline. The oil pressure motor is driven by the high pressure oil. The high pressure oil inlet and outlet pipeline connected through the static seal penetrates through the pressure container and is connected with the high pressure oil supply and return pipeline outside the pressure container, thereby completing the power supply of the driving part 831.

[0047] The gasifier feeding device of the embodiment of the application has the driving part 831 of the feeding control assembly built-in, which is the most important key and avoids the problem of high pressure dynamic seal under the condition of dust, greatly improving the reliability of the system.

[0048] Further, the feeding assembly 8 further comprises a fifth valve 86, one end of which is connected with the outlet of the coal conveying pipe 85, and the other end of which is connected with the gasifier. The fifth valve 86 is installed on the coal conveying pipe 85, and when the fifth valve 86 is closed, the coal feeding device is separated from the gasification section 12. When the fifth valve 86 is opened, the feeding operation can be performed.

[0049] The gasifier according to the embodiment of the present application comprises: The gasifier body 1, the furnace body and the feeding device, the feeding device being the feeding device of the gasifier according to any one of the preceding claims, the gasifier body 1 comprising a combustion section 11 and a gasification section 12, the lower end of the gasification section 12 being communicated with the combustion section 11, and the feeding device being connected with the gasification section 12; The centrifugal separation assembly 2 and the dust removal assembly 3, the centrifugal separation assembly 2 being connected with the dust removal assembly 3 and the combustion section 11 respectively, the dust removal assembly 3 having a second inlet 31, a third outlet 32 and a second outlet 33, the centrifugal separation assembly 2 comprising a centrifugal pipe 21 and a circulating leg 22, the centrifugal pipe 21 having a first inlet 23, the circulating leg 22 having a first port arranged at the top, a second outlet 24 and a first outlet 25 arranged at the bottom, the first inlet 23 being connected with the upper end of the gasification section 12, the outlet of the centrifugal pipe 21 being connected with the first port of the circulating leg 22, and the first outlet 25 of the circulating leg 22 being communicated with the end of the combustion section 11 away from the gasification section 12, The third outlet 32 is arranged at the top of the dust removal assembly 3, the second inlet 31 of the dust removal assembly 3 being communicated with the second outlet 24, and the second outlet 33 being connected with the circulating leg 22.

[0050] Specifically, the furnace body comprises the combustion section 11 and the gasification section 12 arranged at the upper portion of the combustion section 11, the upper portion of the furnace body having a first outlet 13 connected with the gasification section 12, and the synthetic gas generated by the gasification section 12 will carry the solid particles and be discharged from the furnace body through the first outlet 13, and the lower portion of the furnace body has a first solid circulating port 16 connected with the combustion section 11, the first solid circulating port 16 being used to circulate the solid materials separated by the centrifugal separation assembly 2 and the dust removal assembly 3 back into the furnace body for sufficient combustion, so as to improve the energy utilization rate and reduce the carbon content in the emission.

[0051] The centrifugal separation assembly 2 has a first feeding port 23, a second gas outlet 24 and a first discharging port 25. The first feeding port 23 is communicated with the first gas outlet 13. The fluid discharged from the first gas outlet 13 is separated into a gas phase flow and a solid phase flow after flowing into the centrifugal separation assembly 2. The solid phase flow can be settled and accumulated in the centrifugal separation assembly 2 and configured as a circulating solid material. The first discharging port 25 is connected with the first solid material circulating port 16 of the furnace body. In this embodiment, the centrifugal principle is used to separate the gas phase and the solid phase, so that the solid phase can be settled more targetedly, the gas phase flows to the dust removal assembly 3, and the amount of solid particles carried by the gas phase when flowing into the dust removal assembly 3 is reduced, so that the solid particles can be effectively separated, the separation efficiency can reach % or even more, the load of the subsequent dust removal assembly 3 is greatly reduced, and the operation of the whole system is more stable.

[0052] The dust removal assembly 3 has a second feeding port 31, a third gas outlet 32 and a second discharging port 33. The second feeding port 31 of the dust removal assembly 3 is communicated with the second gas outlet 24. The gas phase flow in the centrifugal separation assembly 2 can enter the dust removal assembly 3 through the second gas outlet 24. The synthetic gas after dust removal by the dust removal assembly 3 is discharged through the third gas outlet 32. The second discharging port 33 is connected with the first solid material circulating port 16 of the centrifugal separation assembly 2 or the furnace body, so that the powder separated in the dust removal assembly 3 can be transported into the centrifugal separation assembly 2 or the furnace body through the second discharging port 33. Since the operation load of the dust removal assembly 3 is low, the operation parameters of the dust removal assembly 3 can be optimized, the dust removal effect of the dust removal assembly 3 is improved, the fly ash content in the synthetic gas discharged through the third gas outlet 32 is reduced, and the amount of solid materials collected by the centrifugal separation assembly 2 and the dust removal assembly 3 meets the large circulation demand of the gasification device, so that the stable and continuous circulation operation of the system can be maintained.

[0053] The centrifugal separation assembly 2 includes a centrifugal pipe 21 and a circulating material leg 22. The centrifugal pipe 21 is arc-shaped. A first end of the centrifugal pipe 21 is configured as the first feeding port 23. A second end of the centrifugal pipe 21 is communicated with an upper portion of the circulating material leg 22. The second gas outlet 24 is arranged at the upper portion of the circulating material leg 22. The second gas outlet 24 and the second end of the centrifugal pipe 21 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the circulating material leg 22. The first discharging port 25 is arranged at a lower portion of the circulating material leg 22.

[0054] The fluid discharged from the first gas outlet 13 is separated into a gas phase flow and a solid phase flow after flowing into the centrifugal pipe 21. The circulating material leg 22 has a material cavity. An upper portion of the material cavity is configured as an inertial separation section 221, so that the solid phase flow can be settled and accumulated in the material cavity and configured as a circulating solid material. The arc-shaped centrifugal pipe 21 completes the gas-solid two-phase separation under the action of centrifugal force, and then obtains a gathered solid particle flow (i.e. the solid phase flow) and a gas flow containing few solid particles (i.e. the gas phase flow). The second stage is to use the circulating material leg 22 for inertial separation. The two flows separated by the centrifugal pipe 21 enter from the top of the circulating material leg 22, The upper part of the material cavity in the circulating leg 22 is an inertial separation section 221, and the lower part of the material cavity in the circulating leg 22 is a circulating solid. After the solid phase flow and the gas phase flow enter the circulating leg 22 in the vertical direction, the two flows respectively flow downward in their respective regions at their respective inertial velocities. Due to the difference in fluid density, the kinetic energy of the fluid motion is different. The downward motion inertia of the solid particle flow (i.e., the solid phase flow) is greater than that of the gas flow (i.e., the gas phase flow). The solid particle flow continues to move downward until it stops after reaching the surface of the solid (i.e., the surface of the circulating solid) in the circulating leg 22.

[0055] After the gas flow enters the inertial separation section 221 of the circulating leg 22, since the lower part of the inertial separation section 221 is a non-flow-through interval without an outlet, part of the kinetic energy of the rapidly flowing gas during the downward movement is converted into higher static pressure potential energy. The high static pressure forces the gas to turn and move to a low pressure area. The gas flow is then deflected upward until it flows from the upper second gas outlet 24 of the inertial separation section 221 into the dust removal assembly 3.

[0056] The gasifier body 1 has a first ash discharge port 14 and a second ash discharge port 15. The first ash discharge port 14 is located at one end of the combustion section 11 adjacent to the gasification section 12. The second ash discharge port 15 is provided at the bottom of the furnace body.

[0057] The first ash discharge port 14 serves as the main ash discharge. The first ash discharge port 14 is provided at the end of the combustion section 11. At this time, the carbon content in the circulating solid is the lowest, and the carbon carried out by the discharged ash is the least, which is beneficial to achieve a higher carbon conversion rate. An ash discharge controller is provided at the first ash discharge port 14 to discharge high-temperature and high-pressure coarse ash from the gasifier circulating loop.

[0058] The second ash discharge port 15 serves as the auxiliary ash discharge. The second ash discharge port 15 is provided at the bottom of the furnace body. It mainly discharges materials with a larger particle size from the furnace first, and also serves as a backup facility for the main ash discharge. An ash discharge controller is provided at the second ash discharge port 15 to discharge high-temperature and high-pressure coarse ash from the gasifier circulating loop.

[0059] The gasification furnace of the embodiment of the present application can carry out gasification treatment of low-quality coal raw materials and low-calorific-value raw materials of biomass, has a wide range of raw material use, high processing capacity, and can realize large-scale industrial production and application. The embodiment separates the fluid discharged from the gasification section 12 into gas phase and solid phase through the centrifugal separation assembly 2, and further removes dust from the synthesis gas through the dust removal assembly 3, so as to reduce the fly ash content in the synthesis gas. At the same time, the circulating solid materials and powder materials in the centrifugal separation assembly 2 and the dust removal assembly 3 can be circulated back to the furnace body, realizing large circulation of solid materials, so as to fully burn the carbon materials, and the gas and solid in the gasification section 12 of the gasification furnace are strongly mixed, so that when the coal is added into the gasification furnace, no special coal adding nozzle is needed, and the coal can be sent into the gasification furnace through a conventional pipeline interface. Because of the strong mixing in the furnace, the coal conveying pipe also does not need to be accompanied by a large amount of gas flow as in the general nozzle, and no conveying gas is needed, and the coal powder can enter the gasification furnace by gravity itself. At the same time, sufficient combustion can reduce the carbon content of the bottom ash and fly ash, improve the conversion rate of the gasification process, and improve the energy utilization rate.

[0060] In some embodiments, the material flowing direction of the feeding device into the gasification section 12 is opposite to the material flowing direction in the gasification section 12, and / or the pressure after being pressurized by the pressurizing assembly 7 is greater than or equal to the pressure in the gasification section 12.

[0061] Specifically, the direction of the conveying material of the coal conveying pipe 85 of the feeding device is opposite to the direction of the material flowing in the gasification furnace, and then after the material enters the gasification section 12, the particles have enough power to enter the vertical section of the gasification section 12 from the inclined opening due to the gravity acceleration process during falling from the coal conveying pipe 85, and the particles in the vertical section of the gasification section 12 meet and mix with a large amount of particles from the combustion section 11, and then flow upward. The mixing efficiency of the material in the gasification section 12 is improved. The pressure after being pressurized by the pressurizing assembly 7 is greater than or equal to the pressure in the gasification section 12, so that the material in the lock hopper 71 can smoothly enter the pressure coal bunker 101 for buffering and then smoothly enter the gasification section 12, and the stability of the material feeding is improved.

[0062] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “transverse”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inner”, “outer”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential” and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0063] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only to describe different instances, and are not used to indicate or imply relative importance or a number of indications of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0064] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrated; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection or communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0065] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact between the first and second features through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "above" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "under", "below" and "below" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0066] In the present application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present description, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in the present description and the features of different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0067] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A gasifier feeding device, installed on a gasifier, characterized in that, include: The coal bunker includes a first valve and a discharge pipeline. The coal bunker is suitable for storing materials, and a first valve is installed at the bottom of the coal bunker. The first valve is connected to the inlet of the discharge pipeline. The system includes a pressurizing assembly, a second valve, and a discharge assembly. The pressurizing assembly and the discharge assembly are each connected to one end of the second valve, which is located at the outlet of the discharge pipeline. The pressurizing assembly includes a locking hopper to hold the material, and the upper end of the locking hopper is connected to the second valve. The unloading assembly has an open state and a closed state. In the open state, the unloading assembly opens to output the material in the feeding pipeline. In the closed state, the unloading assembly closes to end the material output. The particle size of the material is 0~2mm. A feeding assembly is provided, wherein the input end of the feeding assembly is connected to the output end of the pressurizing assembly, and the output end of the feeding assembly is connected to the gasifier. The feeding assembly includes a feeding component and a coal conveying pipe. The gasifier and the coal conveying pipe extend in the direction of gravity, and the straight line in which the extension direction of the coal conveying pipe is located forms a preset angle A with the straight line in which the extension direction of the gasifier is located, and A satisfies 25°~45°. The dimension of the coal conveying pipe in the direction of gravity satisfies 3m~7m.

2. The gasifier feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unloading assembly includes a third valve and an unloading pipeline. One end of the third valve is connected to the second valve, and the other end of the third valve is connected to the unloading pipeline.

3. The gasifier feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressurization assembly includes a vent valve, an inflation component, and a fourth valve. The lock bucket inlet is connected to the second valve, the top of the lock bucket is provided with a vent valve, the inflation component is connected to the lock bucket to pressurize the lock bucket with gas, and the lock bucket outlet is connected to the fourth valve.

4. The gasifier feeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure coal bunker and a balancing valve. The pressure coal bunker is connected to the other end of the fourth valve, and the pressure coal bunker is connected to one end of the balancing valve. The other end of the balancing valve is connected to the lock hopper.

5. The gasifier feeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The feeding assembly includes a feeding shell, a drive shaft, a drive component, spiral blades, and a coal conveying pipe. The inlet of the feeding shell is connected to the outlet of the lock hopper, and the outlet of the feeding shell is connected to the inlet of the coal conveying pipe. The feeding shell has an installation cavity, and the drive shaft and drive component are disposed in the installation cavity. The output end of the drive component is connected to the drive shaft, and the drive shaft is provided with spiral blades spirally arranged upward along its axial direction.

6. The gasifier feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The driving component includes a driving element and a power supply element. The driving element is disposed in the mounting cavity, and the power supply element passes through the feeding housing and is connected to the driving element.

7. The gasifier feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The feeding assembly also includes a fifth valve, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the coal conveying pipe, and the other end of which is connected to the gasifier.

8. The gasifier feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, There are multiple coal conveying pipes and multiple fifth valves, with each coal conveying pipe corresponding to one of the multiple fifth valves.

9. A gasifier, characterized in that, include: A gasifier body, a furnace body and a feeding device, wherein the feeding device is the gasifier feeding device according to any one of claims 1-8, the gasifier body includes a combustion section and a gasification section, the lower end of the gasification section is connected to the combustion section, and the feeding device is connected to the gasification section; The system includes a centrifugal separation component and a dust removal component. The centrifugal separation component is connected to both the dust removal component and the combustion section. The dust removal component has a second feed inlet, a third air outlet, and a second discharge outlet. The centrifugal separation component includes a centrifugal tube and a circulating feed leg. The centrifugal tube has a first feed inlet, and the circulating feed leg has a first outlet at the top, a second air outlet, and a first discharge outlet at the bottom. The first feed inlet is connected to the upper end of the gasification section, the centrifugal tube outlet is connected to the first outlet of the circulating feed leg, and the first discharge outlet of the circulating feed leg is connected to the end of the combustion section furthest from the gasification section. The third air outlet is located at the top of the dust removal assembly. The second inlet of the dust removal assembly is connected to the second air outlet, and the second discharge port is connected to the circulating material leg.

10. The gasifier according to claim 9, characterized in that, include: The material flow direction of the feeding device into the gasification section is opposite to the material flow direction in the gasification section, and / or the pressure after pressurization by the pressurizing component is greater than or equal to the pressure of the gasification section.

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