Transmission system and method integrating spring energy storage and differential balance principle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission and energy recovery, and particularly discloses a transmission system and method integrating spring energy storage and a differential balance principle. The system comprises a chassis, a rotating body, a control motor, a generator, a differential gear mechanism and a spring energy storage assembly. The control motor drives the sun gear through the half shaft and finally transmits to the generator side sun gear through the planet gear and the reduction gear set. The system is characterized in that a spring connected with the grooved wheel is arranged in the system, and the rotation of the planet wheel shaft can stretch / compress the spring to generate rebound force. And the bounce respectively acts on sun gears on a control motor side and a generator side through a differential gear mechanism to form two pairs of inner torque balances which are equal in size and opposite in direction. By means of the design, the control motor only needs to output small torque, the large load torque on the generator side can be balanced after the torque is amplified through the speed reducing mechanism, the effect that a small motor drives a large load is achieved, part of mechanical energy can be temporarily stored in the spring, load fluctuation is smoothed, and the system efficiency and stability are improved. The system is particularly suitable for occasions needing stable starting, load change coping and energy recovery.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mechanical transmission systems, in particular to a power transmission and balancing system containing differential principle and elastic energy storage elements, and further relates to a system and method for storing energy by spring and achieving large torque output by controlling planetary gear and grooved wheel reduction to increase torque input of electric motor, which can be used in occasions requiring smooth transmission, energy recovery and load adaptive adjustment. BACKGROUND

[0002] In traditional mechanical transmission systems, the output torque of electric motor or engine usually needs to be amplified directly or through a gear box to match the requirements of the load. For occasions that need to cope with large amplitude or frequent changes in load, it is often necessary to equip a large power drive motor and corresponding strong transmission components, which not only increases the volume, weight and manufacturing cost of the system, but also may lead to low energy efficiency, especially when the load is light, the efficiency point of the high-power motor is usually low.

[0003] As a common mechanical device, the differential is widely used in the field of vehicles and other fields, allowing the left and right wheels to rotate at different speeds, but its main function is to adjust the speed difference rather than balance torque or store energy.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for a new type of transmission system that can more effectively utilize and temporarily store energy, so that a relatively small driving source can cope with and balance a larger variable load, improving the energy efficiency, responsiveness and economy of the entire system. The present application is proposed based on this need. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a differential transmission and energy balancing system and method to solve the problems of low efficiency, high cost and response lag caused by direct driving of large power motor to large load in traditional transmission systems. The present application aims to achieve the function of balancing and driving large torque load by using small torque control motor through ingenious mechanical structure design, introducing spring as energy storage element, and combining differential gear mechanism, while improving the adaptability of the system to load changes and energy utilization efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A differential transmission and energy balancing system, the core of which is to integrate an elastic energy storage element (spring) into a symmetrical differential gear transmission chain, and the force generated by the deformation of the spring and the internal torque of the system form a balance relationship.

[0008] The system comprises a fixed chassis and a rotating body mounted on the chassis through a support point (such as a bearing) and rotatable around a central axis. The main driving source of the system is a control motor fixedly mounted on the chassis, and the output shaft of the control motor is connected to a first sun gear through a first half shaft. The load end of the system is a generator (or a work wheel driven thereby), which is also mounted on the chassis, and the input shaft of the generator is connected to a second sun gear through a second half shaft.

[0009] The core of the system is in the differential housing. Two pairs of reduction gears are added to the control motor side sun gear and the corresponding positions of the planetary gears. The transmission and balancing mechanism is a differential gear mechanism, a spring energy storage assembly, and a reduction gear set. The differential gear mechanism comprises a first planetary gear, a reduction gear set, a planetary gear shaft, and a second planetary gear. The first planetary gear is engaged with the reduction gear set and the first sun gear. The second planetary gear is engaged with the second sun gear. The first planetary gear and the second planetary gear are fixedly connected through the planetary gear shaft to form an integral planetary gear unit. The planetary gear shaft is supported by a bearing on the rotating body and can revolve around the rotating body and rotate around its own axis.

[0010] The spring energy storage assembly comprises a Geneva wheel and a spring. The Geneva wheel is fixedly mounted on one end (or both ends) of the planetary gear shaft. One end of the spring is connected to a certain point on the edge of the Geneva wheel, and the other end is connected to a fixed point on the rotating body.

[0011] The reduction gear set comprises two pairs of gears. The first pinion is fixedly mounted on the control motor side planetary gear shaft. The large gear and the pinion are mounted on the differential gear mechanism. The large gear is fixedly mounted on the generator or work wheel side planetary gear shaft.

[0012] The working process of the system is as follows: the control motor is started to drive the first sun gear to rotate. The first sun gear drives the reduction gear set and the first planetary gear engaged therewith to rotate. If the load on the generator side is large, causing the second sun gear to be difficult to rotate, the rotation of the first planetary gear will drive the reduction gear set, the planetary gear, the Geneva wheel, and the spring to rotate, stretching the spring and generating a rebound force to balance the force required for the load to revolve around the second sun gear. At the same time, the control motor also has an output force to balance the rebound force of the spring acting on the first sun gear in the opposite direction, tending to drive the entire planetary gear unit (the first planetary gear, the planetary gear shaft, and the second planetary gear) to rotate around the axis of the planetary gear shaft, rather than to revolve around the rotating body. The rotation of the planetary gear shaft drives the fixed Geneva wheel to rotate, which stretches (or compresses) the spring and generates a rebound force (or elastic force) in the opposite direction.

[0013] The spring rebound force will act on the planet wheel. Through the mechanical relationship of the differential gear mechanism, the rebound force will be decomposed into two components: one component acts on the second sun gear, and the direction is opposite to the direction of the load torque of the generator. The other component acts on the first sun gear, and the direction is opposite to the direction of the driving torque of the control motor.

[0014] When the system reaches equilibrium, the spring force component acting on the second sun gear is exactly equal in size and opposite in direction to the load torque of the generator, so that the second sun gear remains stationary (does not rotate). At the same time, the spring force component acting on the first sun gear (after possible amplification by the reduction gear set) is equal in size and opposite in direction to the output torque of the control motor, so that the first sun gear also remains stationary (does not rotate). At this time, the entire system (control motor, generator, sun gear, planet wheel unit, rotating body) revolves uniformly as a whole, the spring maintains a certain amount of stretching (or compression), and energy is stored in the spring in the form of potential energy.

[0015] If the generator load increases, it will temporarily break the balance, causing the two sun gears to rotate slightly, thereby driving the planet wheel shaft to rotate, further stretching the spring and increasing the rebound force, until the new rebound force value and the new load value reach equilibrium again. When the load decreases, the process is reversed, the spring recovers energy and releases it, prompting the system to reach a new equilibrium.

[0016] The key is that due to the presence of the reduction gear set, the torque that the control motor needs to provide to balance the spring acting on the first sun gear can be much smaller than the generator load torque. The effect of "small motor driving large load" is achieved. The spring plays an intermediary role in energy storage, buffering and torque amplification in this process.

[0017] In addition, the system can also be equipped with a control cabinet, integrating a frequency converter, an inverter and a battery. The electricity generated by the generator and the external power supply can drive the control motor after passing through the inverter and the frequency converter, forming a local energy cycle and improving energy efficiency.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0019] 1、When the present application is used, through the cooperative action of the differential mechanism and the spring, the control motor only needs to provide a small output torque (matched by the reduction mechanism), which can balance the larger load torque on the generator side, significantly reducing the power requirement and size cost of the drive motor. As an energy storage element, the spring can absorb and release energy, effectively smooth the power fluctuations caused by load mutations, and improve the system operation stability and service life.

[0020] 2、The system can temporarily store part of mechanical energy in the spring in the form of potential energy, and release it when needed, reducing direct dissipation of energy and improving overall energy efficiency.

[0021] 3、The application mainly uses mechanical gears and spring elements, which are structurally strong, reliable and relatively simple to maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The figure is a structural diagram of the differential transmission and energy balance system.

[0023] In the figure: 1, chassis; 2, first rotating body; 3, control motor; 4, first half shaft; 5, center shaft; 6, first supporting point; 7, first sun gear; 8, first planetary gear; 9, reduction gear; 10, planetary gear shaft; 11, spring; 12, second planetary gear; 13, planetary gear shaft; 14, slot wheel; 15, planetary gear; 16, second sun gear; 17, second half shaft; 18, second supporting point; 19, second rotating body; 20, generator; 21, coupling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To solve the problem, the application provides a water floating photovoltaic module.

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 The application provides a basic differential transmission and energy balance system, which comprises a first rotating body 2 and a second rotating body 19 rotatably installed on a chassis 1, a center shaft 5 installed on the chassis, and first and second supporting points 6 and 18 supporting both ends of the center shaft.

[0027] The first rotating body 2 is provided with:

[0028] A control motor 3, the output shaft of which is connected to one end of a first half shaft 4, and the other end of the first half shaft 4 is fixedly installed with a first sun gear 7.

[0029] A planetary gear shaft 13, the upper end of the planetary gear shaft 13 is fixedly installed with a slot wheel 14, and the lower end is fixedly installed with a planetary gear 15.

[0030] A generator 20, the input shaft of which is connected to one end of the second half shaft 17, the other end of which is fixedly installed with the second sun gear 16;

[0031] A differential gear mechanism, including at least one first planetary gear 8, a planetary gear shaft 10 and a second planetary gear 12, the first planetary gear 8 is engaged with the first sun gear 7, the second planetary gear 12 is engaged with the second sun gear 16, the first planetary gear 8 and the second planetary gear 12 are coaxially fixedly connected through the planetary gear shaft 10;

[0032] A spring energy storage assembly, including a grooved wheel 14 and a spring 11, the grooved wheel 14 is fixedly installed at the end of the planetary gear shaft 10, one end of the spring 11 is connected to the edge of the grooved wheel 14, and the other end is connected to the fixed structure of the rotating body 2;

[0033] Wherein, the first half shaft 4 and the second half shaft 17 are rotatably supported on the first rotating body 2 through the support points 6 and 18 respectively.

[0034] In this embodiment, the planetary gear shaft 10 is also fixedly provided with a reduction gear 9, and the system further comprises a reduction gear set engaged with the reduction gear 9, for increasing the torque transmitted to the planetary gear shaft 10.

[0035] In this embodiment, the planetary gear shaft 10 is provided with the differential gear mechanism and the spring energy storage assembly at both ends, and is symmetrically arranged relative to the rotation center of the first rotating body 2.

[0036] In this embodiment, the generator side end of the second half shaft 17 is connected to the input shaft of the generator 20 through the shaft coupling 21.

[0037] In this embodiment, the system further comprises a control cabinet, the control cabinet is provided with a frequency converter, an inverter and a storage battery; the output end of the generator 20 and the external power supply interface are connected with the input end of the inverter, the output end of the inverter is connected with the input end of the frequency converter, and the output end of the frequency converter is connected with the power input end of the control motor 3; the storage battery is bidirectionally connected with the inverter.

[0038] The control motor 3 is fixedly installed on one side inside the rotating body 2. The output shaft of the control motor 3 is connected with one end of the first half shaft 4 through a shaft coupling. The first half shaft 4 passes through the inner hole of the central shaft 5 (the central shaft 5 is fixed with the rotating body 2 and has a through hole for the half shaft to pass through) on one side of the rotating body 2, and the other end is fixedly installed with the first sun gear 7 through a key connection.

[0039] Inside the first rotating body 2, the first planetary gear 8 is always in mesh with the first sun gear 7. The first planetary gear 8 is fixedly installed on one end of the planetary gear shaft 10, which is supported on the rotating body 2 through a bearing. On the planetary gear shaft 10, a reduction gear 9 is also fixedly installed near the first planetary gear 8, which is in mesh with the subsequent reduction gear set to finally transmit power to the other end of the planetary gear shaft 10. The other end of the planetary gear shaft 10 is fixedly installed with the second planetary gear 12. The second planetary gear 12 is always in mesh with the second sun gear 16.

[0040] The second sun gear 16 is fixedly installed on one end of the second half shaft 17 through a key connection, and the other end is connected with the input shaft of the generator 20 through a coupling 21.

[0041] On the end of the planetary gear shaft 10 where the second planetary gear 12 is installed, a slot wheel 14 is also fixedly installed, and one end of a spring 11 is connected to a hole or hook on the edge of the slot wheel 14, and the other end is connected to a fixed axial position inside the rotating body 2.

[0042] For balance, a set of identical gear and spring mechanisms are symmetrically installed on the other side of the first rotating body 2, i.e. the planetary gear shaft 10 has similar structures on both ends, or there are two symmetric transmission chains in the system.

[0043] An energy balance control method of a differential transmission and energy balance system, including the following processes:

[0044] S1. Start-up stage: an external power source or a storage battery supplies power to drive the control motor 3 to rotate, drive the first rotating body 2 to revolve, and accelerate the entire system through the differential gear mechanism;

[0045] S2. Torque balance establishment stage: the load resistance on the generator 20 side is transmitted through the second sun gear 16 and the second planetary gear 12, which hinders the revolution of the planetary gear shaft 10, causing the planetary gear shaft 10 to rotate, i.e. the second sun gear 16 rotates at a lower speed than the first sun gear 7; the rotation of the planetary gear shaft 10 drives the slot wheel 14 to rotate, stretching or compressing the spring 11 to generate a rebound force;

[0046] The rebound force acts on the first sun gear 7 and the second sun gear 16 through the first planetary gear 8 and the second planetary gear 12 respectively; the rebound force component acting on the second sun gear 16 is equal in size and opposite in direction to the load torque of the generator 20, so as to balance; the rebound force component acting on the first sun gear 7 is the output force of the control motor 3 amplified by the reduction mechanism, which is the torque generated by the control motor 3 under the action of the microcomputer in the electric control cabinet, and the torque is amplified by the reduction gear set, and is used to balance the torque of the rebound force component added in the spring 11 and acting on the first sun gear 7; in the balance revolution, the output torque of the control motor 3 is smaller than the torque component of the first sun gear 7, and the rebound force component acting on the first sun gear 7 is equal in size and opposite in direction to the output torque of the control motor 3 acting on the first sun gear 16, so as to balance, and the second sun gear 16 and the first sun gear 7 stop rotating and start revolving again after balancing.

[0047] S3. Steady state operation stage: when two pairs of balance torques are established, the self-rotation speed of the first sun gear 7 and the second sun gear 16 relative to the rotating body 2 is zero, the system keeps uniform revolution, and the deformation amount of the spring 11 keeps stable.

[0048] S4. Load response stage: when the load of the generator 20 increases, the balance is broken, the first sun gear 7 and the second sun gear 16 rotate, drive the planetary gear shaft 10 to rotate, further change the deformation amount of the spring 11 to generate new rebound force, until the new load value reaches balance again; when the load decreases, the process is reversed.

[0049] When the system starts, the control motor 3 is powered by an external power supply. The control motor 3 rotates to drive the first sun gear 7. If the load of the generator 20 is large, the second sun gear 16 is difficult to rotate initially. The rotation of the first sun gear 7 will force the first planetary gear 8 to rotate, thereby driving the planetary gear shaft 10 to rotate. The rotation of the planetary gear shaft 10 drives the grooved wheel 14 to rotate, stretches the spring 11, and the spring 11 generates rebound force, which acts on the two sun gears through the planetary gears. By adjusting the speed ratio of the reduction gear set and the spring parameters, the rebound force torque acting on the second sun gear 16 is balanced with the load torque of the generator 20, and the rebound force torque (the equivalent value after amplification by the reduction mechanism) acting on the first sun gear 7 is balanced with the output torque of the control motor 3. At this time, the system enters a stable revolution state. When the load changes, the above balance process will automatically adjust.

[0050] Example two:

[0051] On the basis of example one, the electric control energy management system is added.

[0052] A control cabinet is connected with the system. The control cabinet contains a frequency converter, an inverter and a battery. The output cable of the generator 20 and the external power supply interface are connected to the input end of the inverter. The output end of the inverter is connected to the input end of the frequency converter. The output end of the frequency converter is connected to the power input end of the control motor 3. The battery is bidirectionally connected with the inverter and can be charged or discharged.

[0053] When starting, the system is started by the external power supply or the battery through the inverter and the frequency converter. After the system is stably operated, the electric energy generated by the generator 20 is partly supplied to the control motor 3 through the inverter and the frequency converter, thereby reducing the dependence on the external power supply; the other part can charge the battery and store the excess energy. The frequency converter is used to adjust the rotating speed of the control motor 3, so as to finely adjust the operating state of the whole system.

[0054] Embodiment three:

[0055] On the basis of embodiment one, the spring assembly is optimized in this embodiment. A torsion spring is used instead of a tension spring. The inner ring of the torsion spring is fixed on the planetary gear shaft 10, and the outer ring interacts with the fixed point on the rotating body 2 through a lever, so as to realize similar energy storage and force transmission effects.

[0056] Embodiment four:

[0057] On the basis of embodiment one, the generator 20 is replaced by other types of working machines such as a hydraulic pump or a compressor in this embodiment, which is used to drive different devices, so as to illustrate that the application of the system is not limited to power generation.

[0058] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

[0059] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A differential transmission and energy balancing system comprising a chassis (1), characterized in that: It also includes a first rotating body (2) and a second rotating body (19) rotatably mounted on the chassis (1), mounted on the chassis via a central shaft (5), the two ends of which are supported by a first support point (6) and a second support point (18); The rotating body (2) is provided with: The control motor (3) has its output shaft connected to one end of the first half-shaft (4), and the other end of the first half-shaft (4) is fixedly mounted with a first sun gear (7); the first sun gear (7) meshes with the reduction gear set (9), and the reduction gear set (9) meshes with the planetary gear; Planetary gear shaft (13), with a grooved wheel (14) fixed at the upper end and a planetary gear (15) fixed at the lower end; A generator (20) has its input shaft connected to one end of a second half-shaft (17), and a second sun gear (16) is fixedly installed at the other end of the second half-shaft (17). The differential gear mechanism includes at least one first planetary gear (8), a planetary gear shaft (10), and a second planetary gear (12). The first planetary gear (8) meshes with the first sun gear (7), and the second planetary gear (12) meshes with the second sun gear (16). The first planetary gear (8) and the second planetary gear (12) are coaxially fixedly connected through the planetary gear shaft (10). The spring energy storage assembly includes a grooved wheel (14) and a spring (11). The grooved wheel (14) is fixedly installed at the end of the planetary gear shaft (10). One end of the spring (11) is connected to the edge of the grooved wheel (14), and the other end is connected to the fixed structure of the rotating body (2). The first half-shaft (4) and the second half-shaft (17) are rotatably supported on the rotating body (2) by support points (6) and support points (18), respectively.

2. A differential and energy balancing system according to claim 1, characterized in that A reduction gear (9) is also fixedly installed on the planetary gear shaft (10). The system also includes a reduction gear set that meshes with the reduction gear (9) to increase the torque transmitted to the planetary gear shaft (10).

3. A differential and energy equalization system according to claim 1, wherein, The planetary gear shaft (10) is provided with the differential gear mechanism and the spring energy storage assembly at both ends, and is arranged symmetrically with respect to the rotation center of the rotating body (2).

4. A differential and energy equalization system according to claim 1, wherein: The generator side end of the second half-shaft (17) is connected to the working wheel or the input shaft of the generator (20) via a coupling (21).

5. A differential and energy equalization system according to claim 1, wherein: The system also includes a control cabinet, which contains a frequency converter, an inverter, and a storage battery; the output end and external power interface of the generator (20) are connected to the input end of the inverter, the output end of the inverter is connected to the input end of the frequency converter, and the output end of the frequency converter is connected to the power input end of the control motor (3); the storage battery is bidirectionally electrically connected to the inverter.

6. An energy balance control method based on the system of any one of claims 1-5, characterized by, The process includes the following: S1. Start-up phase: The external power supply or battery power supply drives the control motor (3) to rotate, which drives the rotating body (2) to revolve, and drives the entire system to accelerate through the differential gear mechanism; S2. Torque balance establishment stage: the generator (20) side load resistance is transmitted through the second sun gear (16), the second planetary gear (12), hinders the revolution of the planetary gear shaft (10), causes the revolution of the planetary gear shaft (10), that is, the second sun gear (16) rotation speed is lower than the first sun gear (7); The revolution of the planetary gear shaft (10) drives the grooved wheel (14) to rotate, stretches or compresses the spring (11) to generate a rebound force; The rebound force acts on the first sun gear (7) and the second sun gear (16) through the first planetary gear (8) and the second planetary gear (12) respectively; The rebound force component acting on the second sun gear (16) is equal in size and opposite in direction to the load torque of the generator (20), so that it is balanced; The rebound force component acting on the first sun gear (7) is amplified by the output force of the control motor (3) through the reduction mechanism, (this torque is the torque generated by the control motor (3) under the action of the microcomputer element in the electric control cabinet, which is reduced and increased in torque by the reduction gear set) to balance the new rebound force component in the spring (11) The torque of the first sun gear (7) balances the revolution, and the output torque of the control motor (3) is less than the torque component of the first sun gear (7), and the rebound force component acting on the first sun gear (7) is equal in size and opposite in direction to the output torque of the control motor (3) acting on the first sun gear (16), so that it is balanced, and the second sun gear (16) and the first sun gear (7) stop rotating after being balanced, and start revolving again; S3. Steady state operation stage: when the two pairs of balance torques are established, the revolution speed of the first sun gear (7) and the second sun gear (16) relative to the rotating body (2) is zero, the system keeps uniform revolution, and the deformation of the spring (11) remains stable; S4. Load response stage: when the load of the generator (20) increases, the balance is broken, the first sun gear (7) and the second sun gear (16) rotate, drive the planetary gear shaft (10) to rotate, further change the deformation of the spring (11) to generate new rebound force, until the new load value is balanced again; When the load decreases, the process is reversed.

7. The energy balance control method according to claim 6, characterized by: The output torque of the control motor (3) is less than the load torque of the generator (20), and the ratio is determined by the reduction ratio of the reduction gear set.

8. The energy balance control method according to claim 6, characterized by: In the steady state operation, part of the electric energy generated by the generator (20) is supplied to the control motor (3) through the control cabinet.

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