Risk early warning system and method in railway station reconstruction construction

Abstract

The invention provides a risk early warning system and method in railway station reconstruction construction. Comprising a residual voltage coupling parameter acquisition module, a vibration-aging collaborative parameter acquisition module, a risk threshold correction calculation module, a collaborative risk level calculation module, a grading early warning execution module and a data interaction and storage module. The residual voltage coupling parameter acquisition module is electrically connected with the risk threshold value correction calculation module and is used for acquiring a residual voltage value of a contact network in a construction area, an actual impedance value of a steel rail, relative humidity and power failure duration of the contact network and transmitting the residual voltage value, the actual impedance value and the relative humidity to the risk threshold value correction calculation module; the vibration-aging collaborative parameter acquisition module is electrically connected with the collaborative danger-causing grade calculation module and is used for acquiring the vibration frequency and amplitude of a construction machine, the actually measured rebound value of an existing ballast bed, the ballast bed stripping area and the burial depth of an underground cable pipeline and transmitting the vibration frequency and amplitude to the collaborative danger-causing grade calculation module; the safety and efficiency of railway station transformation construction can be guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of risk early warning, and in particular to a risk early warning system and method in railway station reconstruction construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of railway station reconstruction construction, the risks of multiple facilities such as existing catenary, in-service track bed and underground cable pipeline need to be controlled synchronously. The superimposed risks of catenary residual voltage and construction machinery vibration-track bed aging are the key hidden dangers affecting construction safety. The existing railway station reconstruction construction risk early warning system generally adopts a single parameter independent monitoring and fixed threshold early warning mode, which can only monitor single risks such as catenary explicit electrification state and construction machinery vibration amplitude, and cannot adapt to the early warning needs of multiple risk superposition scenarios.

[0003] Specifically, on the one hand, the existing system ignores the interference problem that the residual voltage after catenary power failure is coupled to the construction area through the steel rail-ground loop. Although the residual voltage does not reach the explicit electrification standard, it may cause non-electrified equipment to trigger false alarms or real leakage risks to be missed due to being unmonitored. On the other hand, the existing system does not consider the synergistic risk effect of construction machinery vibration and existing track bed aging. Track bed aging can amplify the damage degree of vibration on track bed spalling and underground pipeline extrusion, while vibration can accelerate the track bed aging process. The existing system only monitors the vibration amplitude and cannot quantify the risk under the synergistic action of the two. More importantly, the residual voltage, vibration, track bed state and other risk parameters in the existing system are independently calculated to determine the early warning threshold, without cross-parameter linkage correction logic. In the superposition scenario of residual voltage coupling and vibration-aging synergy, the early warning judgment is completely invalid, which is easy to cause safety accidents or construction stagnation.

[0004] Based on the above problems, there is an urgent need for a technical solution to solve the superimposed risk early warning problem to ensure the safety and efficiency of railway station reconstruction construction. SUMMARY

[0005] The object of the present application is to solve the shortcomings in the prior art, and a risk early warning system in railway station reconstruction construction is provided, comprising: a residual voltage coupling parameter acquisition module, a vibration-aging coordination parameter acquisition module, a risk threshold correction calculation module, a coordination risk level calculation module, a hierarchical early warning execution module, and a data interaction and storage module; the residual voltage coupling parameter acquisition module is electrically connected with the risk threshold correction calculation module, and is used for acquiring the residual voltage value of the overhead contact system in the construction area, the actual impedance value of the steel rail, the relative humidity, and the power-off duration of the overhead contact system and transmitting them to the risk threshold correction calculation module; the vibration-aging coordination parameter acquisition module is electrically connected with the coordination risk level calculation module, and is used for acquiring the vibration frequency, the amplitude of the construction machinery, the measured rebound value of the existing track bed, the track bed spalling area, and the depth of the underground cable pipeline and transmitting them to the coordination risk level calculation module; the risk threshold correction calculation module is electrically connected with the coordination risk level calculation module, and is used for calculating the threshold correction coefficient according to the received residual voltage value, the actual impedance value of the steel rail, the relative humidity, and the power-off duration of the overhead contact system and transmitting it to the coordination risk level calculation module; the coordination risk level calculation module is electrically connected with the hierarchical early warning execution module, and is used for calculating the coordination risk level in combination with the threshold correction coefficient and the received vibration frequency, amplitude, track bed measured rebound value, track bed spalling area, and pipeline depth and transmitting it to the hierarchical early warning execution module; the hierarchical early warning execution module is used for triggering hierarchical early warning actions according to the coordination risk level; and the data interaction and storage module is respectively electrically connected with the risk threshold correction calculation module and the coordination risk level calculation module, and is used for storing the parameters and calculation results output by each module and communicating with an external construction management platform.

[0006] Preferably, the residual voltage coupling parameter acquisition module comprises a high-frequency residual voltage sensor, a steel rail impedance tester, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a power-off duration timer; the high-frequency residual voltage sensor is used for acquiring the residual voltage value of the overhead contact system in the construction area, the steel rail impedance tester is used for acquiring the actual impedance value of the steel rail in the construction area, the temperature and humidity sensor is used for acquiring the relative humidity in the construction area, and the power-off duration timer is used for accumulating the power-off duration of the overhead contact system; the high-frequency residual voltage sensor, the steel rail impedance tester, the temperature and humidity sensor, and the power-off duration timer are all electrically connected with the risk threshold correction calculation module, and are used for synchronously transmitting the acquired residual voltage value, actual impedance value of the steel rail, relative humidity, and power-off duration of the overhead contact system to the risk threshold correction calculation module, so as to ensure the timeliness and integrity of the parameters obtained by the risk threshold correction calculation module.

[0007] Further preferably, the vibration-aging synergistic parameter acquisition module comprises a three-axis vibration sensor, a track bed rebound tester, an image acquisition instrument and a pipeline detector; the three-axis vibration sensor is used to acquire the vibration frequency and amplitude of the construction machinery, the track bed rebound tester is used to acquire the measured rebound value of the existing track bed in the construction area, the image acquisition instrument is used to identify the spalling area of the track bed in the construction area, and the pipeline detector is used to acquire the buried depth of the underground cable pipeline in the construction area; the three-axis vibration sensor, the track bed rebound tester, the image acquisition instrument and the pipeline detector are electrically connected with the synergistic risk grade calculation module, and are used to transmit the acquired vibration frequency, amplitude, track bed measured rebound value, track bed spalling area and pipeline buried depth to the synergistic risk grade calculation module in real time, so as to provide multi-dimensional risk correlation parameters for the synergistic risk grade calculation module.

[0008] Further preferably, the data interaction and storage module comprises a storage unit and a communication unit; the storage unit is used to store the threshold correction coefficient output by the risk threshold correction calculation module, the synergistic risk grade output by the synergistic risk grade calculation module and the original parameters transmitted by each acquisition module, and the storage time is not less than 90 days to meet the risk tracing demand after construction; the communication unit comprises a 4G / 5G communication module and an Ethernet interface, the 4G / 5G communication module is used to synchronously upload the early warning information triggered by the graded early warning execution module to an external monitoring center, the time delay is not more than 100 ms to ensure the timeliness of the early warning response, and the Ethernet interface is used to realize bidirectional data interaction with an external construction management platform, and the data transmission rate is not less than 1000 Mbps to support real-time interaction of a large amount of collected data.

[0009] Further preferably, the risk threshold correction calculation module calculates the threshold correction coefficient K through a preset formula, and the calculation formula is: ; Wherein, α is a residual voltage influence coefficient, the value is 0.85, and is obtained by fitting 100 groups of measured data of railway station reconstruction construction; Uresidual is the residual voltage value of the catenary in the construction area collected by the high-frequency residual voltage sensor; Uex is the rated voltage of the catenary, the value is 27.5kV; Ztrack is the actual impedance value of the steel rail in the construction area collected by the steel rail impedance tester; Zstandard is the standard impedance value of the steel rail, the value is 0.15Ω / m; β is a residual voltage decay coefficient, the value is 0.025; tstop is the power-off time length of the catenary accumulated by the power-off time length timer; γ is a humidity influence coefficient, the value is 0.3; φhumid is the relative humidity in the construction area collected by the temperature and humidity sensor.

[0010] Further preferably, the synergistic risk grade calculation module first calculates the track bed aging index Iold, and the calculation model is: ; In the calculation model, S stripping is the stripping area of the track bed in the construction area identified by the image collector; S total is the total area of the track bed in the construction area, and the value is ; R actual is the measured rebound value of the existing track bed in the construction area collected by the track bed rebound tester; R standard is the standard rebound value of the new track bed, and the value is ; I old has a value range of 0-1, and the larger the value, the more serious the aging degree of the track bed, which is used to quantify the basic influence of track bed aging on construction risk.

[0011] Further preferably, the synergistic risk grade calculation module calculates the synergistic risk grade R in combination with the threshold correction coefficient K and the track bed aging index I old, and the calculation formula is: ; In the formula, K is the threshold correction coefficient output by the risk threshold correction calculation module; A is the vibration influence weight, and the value is 0.6; f vibration is the vibration frequency of the construction machinery collected by the three-axis vibration sensor; A vibration is the amplitude of the construction machinery collected by the three-axis vibration sensor; B is the aging synergistic weight, and the value is 0.4; I old is the track bed aging index calculated by the synergistic risk grade calculation module; f critical is the critical vibration frequency of the track bed, and the value is 50 Hz; h pipe is the buried depth of the underground cable pipeline in the construction area collected by the pipeline detector; h standard is the standard buried depth of the cable pipeline, and the value is 1.5 m.

[0012] A risk early warning method in railway station reconstruction construction, applied to the risk early warning system in railway station reconstruction construction as described in any one of the above, comprising: Step one, system initialization, setting the overhead line system rated voltage, the standard impedance of the steel rail, the critical vibration frequency of the track bed, the standard buried depth of the pipeline and other benchmark parameters, setting the residual voltage influence coefficient, the residual voltage decay coefficient, the humidity influence coefficient, the vibration influence weight, the aging synergistic weight and other formula coefficients; Step two, real-time collection of multiple parameters, collecting the residual voltage value of the overhead line system in the construction area, the actual impedance value of the steel rail, the relative humidity and the power-off duration of the overhead line system through the residual voltage coupling parameter collection module, collecting the vibration frequency, the amplitude of the construction machinery, the measured rebound value of the existing track bed, the track bed stripping area and the buried depth of the underground cable pipeline through the vibration-aging synergistic parameter collection module; Step three, threshold correction coefficient calculation, the risk threshold correction calculation module calculates the threshold correction coefficient according to the residual voltage value, the actual impedance value of the steel rail, the relative humidity and the power-off duration of the overhead line system collected in step two; Step four, synergistic risk grade calculation, the synergistic risk grade calculation module first calculates the track bed aging index according to the vibration frequency, the amplitude, the measured rebound value of the track bed and the track bed stripping area collected in step two, and then calculates the synergistic risk grade in combination with the threshold correction coefficient calculated in step three and the pipeline buried depth collected in step two; Step five, hierarchical early warning and dynamic adjustment, the hierarchical early warning execution module triggers the corresponding early warning action according to the coordination risk level, and when the change rate of the collected parameters exceeds the preset value, steps three to five are re-executed to update the early warning level.

[0013] Further preferably, the reference parameters set by the system initialization in step one specifically include: the overhead line system rated voltage is 27.5kV, the standard impedance of the steel rail is 0.15Ω / m, the critical vibration frequency of the track bed is 50Hz, and the standard buried depth of the pipeline is 1.5m; the formula coefficients set specifically include: the residual voltage influence coefficient is 0.85, the residual voltage decay coefficient is 0.025, the humidity influence coefficient is 0.3, the vibration influence weight is 0.6, and the aging coordination weight is 0.4; all the reference parameters and formula coefficients are verified and determined through the measured data under the railway station reconstruction construction scene, adapt to the reconstruction construction demand of stations with different service life, and ensure the applicability of the parameters in different scenes such as old station reconstruction and new station expansion.

[0014] Further preferably, the specific actions of hierarchical early warning in step five include: when the coordination risk level R is less than 0.3, the hierarchical early warning execution module controls the sound and light alarm to flash green light, and the construction equipment remains normal operation, and the parameters are re-collected every 5 seconds to update the early warning state; when 0.3≤R<0.7, the hierarchical early warning execution module controls the sound and light alarm to keep yellow light on and be accompanied by 1 beep per second, and the construction equipment runs at 30% speed reduction, and the parameters are re-collected every 2 seconds to update the early warning state; when R≥0.7, the hierarchical early warning execution module controls the sound and light alarm to keep red light on and be accompanied by 3 beeps per second, triggers the construction equipment to stop urgently, and synchronously uploads the early warning information to the external monitoring center through the communication unit, and the parameters are re-collected every 1 second to update the early warning state; the preset parameter change rate threshold in step five is 10%, and when the change rate of any collected parameter exceeds 10%, steps three to five are immediately re-executed to avoid early warning lag caused by sudden parameter change and ensure rapid response to sudden risks.

[0015] Technical effect: The creative technical point of the present application is to fuse the residual voltage coupling model of the power system and the aging damage mechanics of the track bed in civil engineering, to build the linkage calculation logic of the residual voltage parameters and the vibration-aging parameters through the multi-module electrical connection of the residual voltage coupling parameter collection and the risk threshold correction calculation. This technical solution accurately solves the core problem that the existing system in the background technology cannot cope with the residual voltage coupling and the vibration-aging coordination superposition risk, the independent parameters without linkage lead to early warning failure, eliminates the false and missed reports caused by residual voltage interference, quantifies the vibration-aging coordination risk level, realizes accurate early warning in the superposition scene, and guarantees the safety and efficiency of the railway station reconstruction construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The connection block diagram of the risk early warning system in the railway station reconstruction construction of the present application; Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of a risk early warning method in a railway station reconstruction construction of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0018] The conventional railway station reconstruction construction early warning system has the following technical problems: only the dominant electrified state of the overhead contact system is monitored, and the false and missed reports caused by the residual voltage passing through the rail-ground loop coupling are ignored; only the vibration amplitude of the construction machinery is monitored, and the synergistic risk caused by vibration and track bed aging is not considered; the threshold values of various risk parameters are independently calculated, there is no cross-parameter linkage correction, and the superimposed risk scenario cannot be coped with.

[0019] Based on this, please refer to Figure 1 The present embodiment provides a risk early warning system in a railway station reconstruction construction, comprising: a residual voltage coupling parameter acquisition module, a vibration-aging synergistic parameter acquisition module, a risk threshold value correction calculation module, a synergistic risk grade calculation module, a graded early warning execution module and a data interaction and storage module; the residual voltage coupling parameter acquisition module is electrically connected with the risk threshold value correction calculation module, and is used to acquire the residual voltage value of the overhead contact system in the construction area, the actual impedance value of the rail, the relative humidity and the power-off duration of the overhead contact system and transmit them to the risk threshold value correction calculation module; the vibration-aging synergistic parameter acquisition module is electrically connected with the synergistic risk grade calculation module, and is used to acquire the vibration frequency, amplitude of the construction machinery, the measured rebound value of the existing track bed, the track bed spalling area and the depth of the underground cable pipeline and transmit them to the synergistic risk grade calculation module; the risk threshold value correction calculation module is electrically connected with the synergistic risk grade calculation module, and is used to calculate the threshold correction coefficient according to the received residual voltage value, the actual impedance value of the rail, the relative humidity and the power-off duration of the overhead contact system and transmit it to the synergistic risk grade calculation module; the synergistic risk grade calculation module is electrically connected with the graded early warning execution module, and is used to calculate the synergistic risk grade in combination with the threshold correction coefficient and the received vibration frequency, amplitude, track bed measured rebound value, track bed spalling area and pipeline depth and transmit it to the graded early warning execution module; the graded early warning execution module is used to trigger the graded early warning action according to the synergistic risk grade; the data interaction and storage module is electrically connected with the risk threshold value correction calculation module and the synergistic risk grade calculation module respectively, and is used to store the parameters and calculation results output by each module and communicate with the external construction management platform; the system solves the problems of residual voltage interference false and missed reports, vibration-aging synergistic risk not covered and parameter isolation without linkage of the existing system by cross-domain fusion of the residual voltage coupling model of the power system and the track bed aging damage mechanics of civil engineering.

[0020] The system core is in the synergy of six functional modules, and breaks through the traditional early warning limitations through cross-field technology fusion. The residual voltage coupling parameter acquisition module is the key to capturing residual voltage risk. The residual voltage value collected reflects the residual voltage strength after the contact net is powered off. The actual impedance value of the steel rail reflects the path characteristics of the residual voltage coupling transmission. The relative humidity affects the residual voltage decay rate. The power-off duration reflects the degree of residual voltage natural decay. These parameters provide basic data for subsequent correction calculation. The vibration-aging synergistic parameter acquisition module focuses on another core risk source. The vibration frequency and amplitude are directly related to the impact strength of the machine on the track bed. The measured rebound value and spalling area of the track bed quantify the degree of track bed aging. The pipeline burial depth reflects the vulnerability of the pipeline affected by vibration-aging. Multi-dimensional parameters ensure the comprehensiveness of synergistic risk analysis.

[0021] The risk threshold correction calculation module is the core of residual voltage interference elimination. Based on the power system residual voltage coupling model, it converts the collected residual voltage related parameters into threshold correction coefficients, breaking the limitations of traditional fixed threshold. The synergistic risk grade calculation module integrates the track bed aging damage mechanics of civil engineering, links the vibration parameters, aging parameters and correction coefficients, realizes the dynamic quantification of risk grade, and avoids the one-sidedness of single parameter judgment. The graded early warning execution module outputs specific actions according to the quantified risk grade, ensuring the pertinence of risk response. The data interaction and storage module realizes data traceability and remote management, providing support for the whole process of construction risk analysis. Each module is connected by electricity to form a data closed loop, from parameter acquisition, calculation and correction to early warning execution. Each link is designed around the core needs of residual voltage coupling, vibration and aging synergy, ensuring the integrity and implementability of the technical scheme.

[0022] The above embodiment achieves the technical effects including: solving the problems of residual voltage false alarm and missed alarm, vibration-aging synergistic risk coverage and parameter isolation in existing systems, and realizing precise early warning and closed-loop control of railway station reconstruction construction risk.

[0023] The traditional residual voltage parameter acquisition module has the problems of incomplete parameter acquisition and asynchronous data transmission: only a single parameter of residual voltage value is collected, ignoring the influence of rail impedance, humidity and power-off duration on residual voltage coupling, and the data transmission of each collection device is asynchronous, resulting in low accuracy of subsequent correction calculation and unable to effectively eliminate residual voltage interference.

[0024] Based on this, the residual voltage coupling parameter acquisition module includes a high-frequency residual voltage sensor, a rail impedance tester, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a power outage duration timer. The high-frequency residual voltage sensor is used to collect the residual voltage value of the catenary in the construction area. The rail impedance tester is used to collect the actual impedance value of the rail in the construction area. The temperature and humidity sensor is used to collect the relative humidity in the construction area. The power outage duration timer is used to accumulate the power outage duration of the catenary. The high-frequency residual voltage sensor, the rail impedance tester, the temperature and humidity sensor, and the power outage duration timer are electrically connected to the risk threshold correction calculation module, and are used to synchronously transmit the collected residual voltage value, the actual impedance value of the rail, the relative humidity, and the power outage duration of the catenary to the risk threshold correction calculation module, to ensure the timeliness and completeness of the parameters obtained by the risk threshold correction calculation module.

[0025] The module solves the defects of single parameter and asynchronous data of the traditional acquisition module through the combination and synchronous transmission design of the four special acquisition devices. The high-frequency residual voltage sensor is the core of residual voltage acquisition, which is designed for the residual voltage characteristics of the railway catenary, can accurately capture the voltage signal remaining in the catenary after power failure, and avoids the problem of untimely response of ordinary voltage sensors to residual voltage signals. The rail impedance tester focuses on the collection of the actual impedance of the rail. The rail is the main path of residual voltage coupling, and the change of its impedance directly affects the transmission efficiency of residual voltage. The tester ensures the accuracy of the impedance data and provides a key basis for the judgment of residual voltage coupling strength. The relative humidity collected by the temperature and humidity sensor is an important factor affecting the decay of residual voltage. The higher the humidity, the slower the decay of residual voltage. The introduction of this parameter can avoid the correction deviation caused by the traditional neglect of environmental factors. The power outage duration accumulated by the power outage duration timer reflects the time dimension of the natural decay of residual voltage. The longer the power outage time, the lower the residual voltage. This parameter ensures the capture of the dynamic change of residual voltage. More importantly, the four devices are electrically connected to the risk threshold correction calculation module and use a synchronous transmission mechanism. That is, after collecting data, each device transmits the data to the calculation module through the same communication link at the same time, avoiding the problem of mismatching of parameter timestamps caused by transmission delay. For example, if the residual voltage value has been transmitted but the power outage duration is delayed, it will cause deviation in the calculated residual voltage decay. Synchronous transmission ensures that all parameters correspond to the same time node, laying a foundation for accurate calculation of the correction coefficient. The function of each acquisition device is designed for the influencing factors of residual voltage coupling. The high-frequency residual voltage sensor ensures the sensitivity of the residual voltage signal, the rail impedance tester ensures the accuracy of the transmission path characteristics, and the temperature and humidity sensor and the power outage duration timer supplement the influence of the environment and time dimension. The four devices form a complete residual voltage parameter acquisition system, and the synchronous transmission design ensures the timeliness and completeness of the data, avoiding the calculation errors caused by the fragmentation of parameters and asynchronous transmission of the traditional acquisition module.

[0026] The technical effects achieved by the above embodiment include: providing complete and synchronized residual voltage related parameters, supporting the risk threshold correction calculation module to accurately calculate the correction coefficient, and effectively eliminating the interference of residual voltage coupling on early warning.

[0027] The traditional vibration parameter acquisition module only acquires a single parameter of vibration amplitude, does not acquire vibration frequency, track bed aging state and pipeline buried depth, cannot analyze the synergistic risk of vibration and track bed aging, and ignores the influence of pipeline buried depth on risk vulnerability, resulting in one-sided and lagging vibration related risk early warning.

[0028] Therefore, the vibration-aging synergistic parameter acquisition module includes a three-axis vibration sensor, a track bed rebound instrument, an image acquisition instrument and a pipeline detector; the three-axis vibration sensor is used to acquire vibration frequency and amplitude of the construction machinery, the track bed rebound instrument is used to acquire measured rebound values of the existing track bed in the construction area, the image acquisition instrument is used to identify the spalling area of the track bed in the construction area, and the pipeline detector is used to acquire the buried depth of the underground cable pipeline in the construction area; the three-axis vibration sensor, the track bed rebound instrument, the image acquisition instrument and the pipeline detector are electrically connected with the synergistic risk grade calculation module, and are used to transmit the acquired vibration frequency, amplitude, track bed measured rebound value, track bed spalling area and pipeline buried depth to the synergistic risk grade calculation module in real time, so as to provide multi-dimensional risk related parameters for the synergistic risk grade calculation module.

[0029] The module breaks through the limitation of traditional single vibration parameter acquisition by the combination and real-time transmission design of four kinds of equipment, and constructs a multi-dimensional parameter acquisition system of vibration, aging and pipeline.

[0030] The triaxial vibration sensor is the core of vibration parameter collection. Unlike the traditional single-axis sensor that only collects the amplitude, it can simultaneously collect the vibration frequency and amplitude of the construction machinery. The vibration frequency is directly related to the risk of track bed resonance. When the frequency approaches the critical frequency of the track bed, the impact damage increases exponentially. The amplitude reflects the impact strength. The combination of the two can comprehensively quantify the impact of vibration on the track bed. The rebound value of the existing track bed collected by the track bed rebound instrument is a key indicator of the aging degree of the track bed. The lower the rebound value, the worse the track bed strength and the weaker the ability to resist vibration impact. This parameter directly quantifies the basic state of the track bed and provides aging basic data for collaborative risk analysis. The image collector uses 4K resolution image recognition technology to accurately obtain the track bed spalling area. The larger the spalling area, the worse the track bed structural integrity and the easier it is to further damage under vibration impact. This parameter complements the rebound value and quantifies the track bed aging from two dimensions of structural integrity and strength. The buried depth of underground cable pipelines collected by the pipeline detector reflects the vulnerability of the pipelines. The shallower the buried depth, the more directly the pipelines are affected by vibration-aging and the easier they are to be damaged due to track bed spalling and vibration compression. The introduction of this parameter ensures that the risk analysis covers the key facilities in the construction area. The four devices are electrically connected to the collaborative risk level calculation module and use a real-time transmission mechanism. After data collection, the data is immediately transmitted to the calculation module to avoid risk lag caused by data delay. For example, when the track bed spalling area changes in real time, delayed transmission may not be able to timely detect the pipeline risks caused by the intensification of spalling. The functions of the devices are related to each other. The vibration frequency and amplitude constitute the strength and frequency characteristics of the vibration impact. The rebound value and spalling area constitute the strength and structural characteristics of the track bed aging. The buried depth of the pipelines constitutes the vulnerability characteristics of the risk impact. The three parameters form a complete vibration-aging-collaborative risk parameter system, providing comprehensive and real-time data support for subsequent level calculation.

[0031] The technical effects achieved by the above embodiments include providing multi-dimensional vibration-aging-pipeline parameters to support the collaborative risk level calculation module to accurately analyze the collaborative risk and avoid the one-sidedness and lag of traditional single vibration parameter early warning.

[0032] The traditional data interaction and storage module has the problems of insufficient storage duration, high communication delay, and low transmission rate. Short storage duration leads to the inability to trace the post-construction risks. Long communication delay leads to the lag of uploading early warning information. Low transmission rate cannot support the real-time interaction of a large amount of collected data, affecting remote control and risk review.

[0033] Based on this, the data interaction and storage module includes a storage unit and a communication unit; the storage unit is used to store the threshold correction coefficient output by the risk threshold correction calculation module, the collaborative risk level output by the collaborative risk level calculation module, and the original parameters transmitted by each acquisition module, and the storage duration is not less than 90 days to meet the post-construction risk tracing requirement; the communication unit includes a 4G / 5G communication module and an Ethernet interface, the 4G / 5G communication module is used to synchronously upload the early warning information triggered by the hierarchical early warning execution module to an external monitoring center, the time delay is not more than 100 ms to ensure the timeliness of the early warning response, and the Ethernet interface is used to realize bidirectional data interaction with an external construction management platform, and the data transmission rate is not less than 1000 Mbps to support real-time interaction of a large amount of collected data.

[0034] The module solves the problem of insufficient storage and communication capacity of traditional modules through the functional subdivision design of the storage unit and the communication unit. The storage unit is the core of data tracing, and its storage content covers the whole chain of original parameters, intermediate calculation results and final risk levels: the original parameters include residual voltage value, rail impedance, vibration frequency and all collected data to ensure the traceability of risk analysis; the intermediate calculation result, i.e. the threshold correction coefficient, is the key basis for eliminating residual voltage interference; and the final risk level, i.e. the collaborative risk level, is the direct basis for early warning action. The storage duration is set to be not less than 90 days, which fully covers the conventional cycle of railway station reconstruction construction and ensures that the data during the whole construction process can be reviewed; for example, if pipeline damage occurs after construction, the specific reasons for the risk occurrence can be analyzed by tracing the stored vibration parameters and aging parameters. The communication unit is designed through double communication mode, taking into account the timeliness of early warning information and the interaction demand of a large amount of data: the 4G / 5G communication module focuses on early warning information upload, and the time delay is not more than 100 ms, which ensures that the external monitoring center can quickly receive the early warning signal and avoids the risk expansion caused by time delay; for example, the three-level emergency stop early warning needs to be uploaded in real time to ensure that the remote management personnel synchronously master the emergency situation; the Ethernet interface focuses on bidirectional data interaction, and the data transmission rate is not less than 1000 Mbps, which can support the interaction of a large amount of original data collected by each module and the external construction management platform, realize the remote configuration of system parameters by the construction management platform and the batch upload of system data to the platform, and provide data support for the overall construction risk control. The functions of the storage unit and the communication unit are clearly divided, the storage unit ensures data retention and tracing, the communication unit ensures information transmission and interaction, and the two units cooperatively realize the storage, transmission and use of data in a closed loop, avoiding the management blind spot caused by the short storage and slow transmission of traditional modules.

[0035] The above embodiments achieve the technical effects including meeting the post-construction risk tracing requirement, ensuring the timely upload of early warning information and the real-time interaction of a large amount of data, supporting remote control and risk review, and improving the integrity of construction risk control.

[0036] The traditional risk threshold calculation does not consider the multi-factor influence of residual voltage coupling, only uses a fixed threshold, and cannot adjust the threshold according to the dynamic changes of residual voltage value, rail impedance, humidity and power outage duration, resulting in false alarm or missed alarm under residual voltage interference, and cannot adapt to the residual voltage risk of different construction scenes.

[0037] Therefore, the risk threshold correction calculation module calculates a threshold correction coefficient K through a preset formula, and the calculation formula is: ; In the formula, a is a residual voltage influence coefficient, the value is 0.85, and is obtained by fitting 100 groups of measured data of railway station reconstruction construction; Uresidual is a residual voltage value of a catenary in a construction area collected by the high-frequency residual voltage sensor; Urated is a rated voltage of the catenary, the value is 27.5 kV; Ztrack is an actual impedance value of a rail in the construction area collected by the rail impedance tester; Zstandard is a standard impedance value of the rail, the value is 0.15 Ω / m; β is a residual voltage decay coefficient, the value is 0.025; tstop is a power outage duration of the catenary accumulated by the power outage duration timer; γ is a humidity influence coefficient, the value is 0.3; and φhumid is a relative humidity in the construction area collected by the temperature and humidity sensor.

[0038] The formula is designed through multi-factor coupling, accurately quantifies the correction effect of residual voltage coupling on the warning threshold, and solves the defects of the traditional fixed threshold. Each parameter in the formula has a clear physical meaning and dimension, ensuring the implementability and accuracy of the calculation: a is a residual voltage influence coefficient (dimensionless, value 0.85), which is obtained by fitting 100 groups of measured data, reflects the weight of the influence of residual voltage on the threshold, and avoids the deviation caused by subjective setting; Uresidual is a catenary residual voltage value (unit: kV), which is a core source parameter of residual voltage coupling, the greater the value, the higher the residual voltage risk, and the greater the correction of the threshold; Urated is a catenary rated voltage (fixed value 27.5 kV), which is used as a reference for residual voltage, reflects the proportion of residual voltage relative to rated voltage, and eliminates the absolute value difference of residual voltage of different voltage grade stations. Ztrack is a rail actual impedance value (unit: Ω / m), which reflects the characteristics of the residual voltage transmission path, the more the impedance deviates from the standard value, the higher the residual voltage coupling efficiency; Zstandard is a rail standard impedance value (fixed value 0.15 Ω / m), reflects the deviation degree of the actual impedance from the standard impedance, and ensures that the coupling strength under different rail states can be quantified. β is a residual voltage decay coefficient (dimensionless, value 0.025), and tstop is a power outage duration (unit: min), reflects the exponential decay law of residual voltage with time, the longer the power outage time, the more the residual voltage decays, and the smaller the correction demand for the threshold.

[0039] First part of the formula The residual voltage, the rail impedance, and the power outage duration are comprehensively considered to calculate the basic correction amount of the threshold value coupled by the residual voltage. The higher the residual voltage, the greater the impedance deviation, and the shorter the power outage time, the smaller the value of this part, and the smaller the correction coefficient K, so the pre-warning threshold needs to be reduced to avoid missed judgment. The second part of the formula The humidity influence is supplemented, and γ is the humidity influence coefficient (dimensionless, with a value of 0.3). φwet is the relative humidity (dimensionless, with a value of 0-1). The higher the humidity, the slower the residual voltage attenuation, and the longer the coupling risk duration. The greater the value of this part, the greater the correction coefficient K, and the pre-warning sensitivity needs to be improved to avoid misjudgment. The entire formula converts the multiple factors of residual voltage coupling into a quantifiable correction coefficient K (with a value range of 0.3-1.2) through the structure of basic correction and humidity supplementation, ensuring the dynamic adjustment of the pre-warning threshold in different residual voltage scenarios and avoiding the limitations of traditional fixed thresholds.

[0040] The technical effects achieved by the above embodiments include: accurately calculating the threshold correction coefficient under residual voltage coupling, dynamically adjusting the pre-warning threshold, eliminating misjudgment and missed judgment caused by residual voltage interference, and adapting to the pre-warning needs of different residual voltage scenarios.

[0041] Traditional ballast aging evaluation lacks quantitative indicators and only relies on manual observation to determine the aging degree, which cannot accurately correlate with vibration risks, resulting in no reliable basic data for vibration-aging collaborative risk analysis and the inability to quantify the impact of ballast aging on construction risks.

[0042] Therefore, the collaborative risk grade calculation module first calculates the ballast aging index Iold, and the calculation model is: In the calculation model, Sstrip is the stripping area of the ballast in the construction area identified by the image acquisition instrument; Stotal is the total area of the ballast in the construction area, with a value of ; Rreal is the measured rebound value of the existing ballast in the construction area collected by the ballast rebound instrument; Rstandard is the standard rebound value of the new ballast, with a value of ; Iold has a value range of 0-1, and the larger the value, the more serious the ballast aging degree, which is used to quantify the basic impact of ballast aging on construction risks.

[0043] This model solves the defects of traditional ballast aging evaluation, such as subjectivity and lack of quantification, by designing a two-dimensional quantification of structural integrity and strength, providing accurate aging indicators for collaborative risk analysis. Each parameter in the model has a clear physical meaning and dimension, ensuring the objectivity and feasibility of the calculation: Sstrip is the ballast stripping area (unit: m2), which is accurately identified by the image acquisition instrument, reflecting the structural integrity of the ballast. The larger the stripping area, the more fragmented the ballast structure, and the weaker the ability to resist vibration impact; Stotal is the total area of the ballast in the construction area (fixed value: 100 m2), ​​​This reflects the percentage of spalled area (dimensionless, value 0-1), eliminating the impact of area differences between different construction areas on aging assessment. This part has a weight of 0.6 because the structural integrity of the track bed is more critical for resisting vibration and impact—a structurally broken track bed is prone to further spalling under vibration, directly threatening pipeline safety. R is actually the measured rebound value of the track bed (unit: MPa), collected by a track bed rebound hammer, reflecting the strength of the track bed material. The lower the rebound value, the worse the track bed strength, and the more severe the material deterioration due to long-term service. Rstandard is the standard rebound value for new track beds (fixed value). ), The model reflects the deviation between measured strength and standard strength (dimensionless, value 0-1). A larger deviation indicates greater strength loss due to aging. This part has a weight of 0.4, supplementing the influence of strength on aging—low-strength track beds are more prone to plastic deformation under the same vibration, accelerating aging. The model integrates the proportion of structural spalling and the degree of strength deviation into a single track bed aging index, Iold (value range 0-1), through weighted summation. 0 indicates a new track bed with no aging, and 1 indicates a fully aged track bed; the larger the index value, the more severe the aging. This quantitative method avoids the subjective bias of traditional manual observation, transforming track bed aging from a qualitative description into a quantitative indicator. This provides accurate basic data for subsequent vibration-aging co-causal risk calculations, ensuring the objectivity and accuracy of the co-analysis.

[0044] The technical effects achieved by the above embodiments include: transforming track bed aging from a qualitative assessment to a quantitative index, providing accurate basic data for vibration-aging synergistic risk analysis, and avoiding bias in synergistic risk judgment caused by subjective assessment.

[0045] Traditional risk level calculations do not combine residual pressure correction coefficients with vibration-aging synergistic effects, but only calculate vibration risk or residual pressure risk in isolation. This fails to quantify the degree of synergistic risk caused by the combination of the two, resulting in inaccurate risk level judgments and insufficient targeted early warning actions in overlapping scenarios.

[0046] Based on this, the collaborative risk level calculation module combines the threshold correction coefficient K and the track bed aging index I to calculate the collaborative risk level R. The calculation formula is as follows: ; In the formula, K is the threshold correction coefficient output by the risk threshold correction calculation module; A is the vibration influence weight, with a value of 0.6; fvibration is the vibration frequency of the construction machinery collected by the triaxial vibration sensor; Avibration is the amplitude of the construction machinery collected by the triaxial vibration sensor; B is the aging synergy weight, with a value of 0.4; Iaging is the track bed aging index calculated by the synergy risk level calculation module; fcritical is the critical vibration frequency of the track bed, with a value of 50Hz; hpipe is the burial depth of the underground cable pipeline in the construction area collected by the pipeline detector; hstandard is the standard burial depth of the cable pipeline, with a value of 1.5m.

[0047] This formula, through the coordinated design of residual pressure correction, vibration, and aging, accurately quantifies the synergistic risk level of multiple factors, overcoming the limitations of traditional single-risk calculations. Each parameter in the formula is related to specific data acquisition equipment or previous calculation results, ensuring reliable data sources and clear dimensions: K is the threshold correction coefficient calculated in the previous stage (dimensionless, 0.3-1.2), serving as an overall correction term. It integrates the residual pressure coupling risk into the risk level calculation; the stronger the residual pressure coupling, the smaller K becomes. Even with moderate vibration-aging risk, the warning level needs to be increased to avoid missed detection, achieving linkage between residual pressure and vibration-aging. The formula's parentheses contain the core calculation terms for vibration-aging synergistic risk, divided into two parts: basic vibration risk and aging synergistic risk: A is the vibration impact weight (dimensionless, 0.6), fvibration is the vibration frequency (in Hz), and Avibration is the amplitude (in mm). The nonlinear risk of vibration is reflected—the impact of frequency on the track bed has a square relationship. High-frequency vibration (close to the critical frequency) causes far more damage to the track bed than low-frequency vibration. This part quantifies the basic risk of vibration itself, with a weight of 0.6 to reflect that vibration is the main cause of synergistic risk. B is the aging synergistic weight (dimensionless, 0.4), Iaging is the track bed aging index (dimensionless, 0-1), and fcritical is the critical vibration frequency of the track bed (fixed value 50Hz). It reflects the degree of proximity between the vibration frequency and the critical frequency (dimensionless, 0-1), h_pipe is the pipeline burial depth (in meters), and h_mark is the standard burial depth (fixed value 1.5m). It reflects the degree of deviation between the pipeline burial depth and the standard burial depth (dimensionless, 0-∞). The synergistic risk of aging and vibration is quantified. The more severe the track bed aging, the closer the vibration is to the critical frequency, and the shallower the pipeline burial depth, the stronger the synergistic risk. The weight of 0.4 in this part reflects that aging is an amplifier of vibration risk. The entire formula deeply integrates residual pressure risk and vibration-aging synergistic risk through the correction effect of K. The calculated synergistic risk level R (dimensionless) can directly correspond to early warning actions: the smaller R is, the lower the risk, and the larger R is, the higher the risk, ensuring the pertinence and accuracy of early warning actions.

[0048] All parameters in the formula are derived from prior data collection or calculation, with no subjective settings, ensuring the objectivity and repeatability of the risk level calculation and avoiding the bias of traditional experience-based judgments.

[0049] The technical effects achieved by the above embodiments include: quantifying the synergistic risk levels of residual pressure, vibration, and aging, realizing multi-factor linkage early warning, avoiding the problem of inaccurate risk level judgment under superimposed scenarios, and improving the pertinence of early warning actions.

[0050] There are three technical problems in the traditional railway station reconstruction construction early warning method: incomplete residual voltage parameter collection leads to false and missed reports, vibration and track bed aging parameters are not analyzed simultaneously, leading to early warning lag, and isolated parameter calculation leads to superimposed risks that cannot be coped with, and cannot form a complete risk early warning process.

[0051] Based on this, referring to Figure 2 The embodiment provides a risk early warning method in railway station reconstruction construction, applied to the risk early warning system in railway station reconstruction construction as described in any one of the above, comprising the following steps: step one, system initialization, setting the overhead line system rated voltage, the standard impedance of the steel rail, the critical vibration frequency of the track bed, the pipeline standard burial depth and other benchmark parameters, setting the residual voltage influence coefficient, the residual voltage attenuation coefficient, the humidity influence coefficient, the vibration influence weight, the aging synergistic weight and other formula coefficients; step two, multi-parameter real-time collection, the residual voltage value of the overhead line system in the construction area, the actual impedance value of the steel rail, the relative humidity and the power-off duration of the overhead line system are collected through the residual voltage coupling parameter collection module, the vibration frequency, the amplitude of the construction machinery, the measured rebound value of the existing track bed, the track bed spalling area and the burial depth of the underground cable pipeline are collected through the vibration-aging synergistic parameter collection module; step three, threshold correction coefficient calculation, the risk threshold correction calculation module calculates the threshold correction coefficient according to the residual voltage value, the actual impedance value of the steel rail, the relative humidity and the power-off duration of the overhead line system collected in step two; step four, synergistic risk grade calculation, the synergistic risk grade calculation module first calculates the track bed aging index according to the vibration frequency, the amplitude, the measured rebound value of the track bed and the track bed spalling area collected in step two, and then calculates the synergistic risk grade in combination with the threshold correction coefficient calculated in step three and the pipeline burial depth collected in step two; step five, graded early warning and dynamic adjustment, the graded early warning execution module triggers the corresponding early warning action according to the synergistic risk grade, when the change rate of the collected parameters exceeds the preset value, the early warning grade is updated by re-executing steps three to five.

[0052] The method constructs a complete early warning process of initialization, collection, calculation, early warning and adjustment through five logically coherent steps, and solves the limitations of traditional methods through cross-field technology fusion and double formula linkage. Step one, system initialization, is the basis for method implementation. The set benchmark parameters provide a reference for subsequent calculations, and the formula coefficients ensure the consistency and accuracy of the calculations. All parameters are set based on the railway station reconstruction construction scene to avoid poor adaptability caused by general parameters. Step two, multi-parameter real-time collection, is the data basis. Two collection modules capture parameters related to residual voltage coupling and vibration-aging: the residual voltage coupling parameter module collects parameters such as residual voltage (kV) and rail impedance (Ω / m) to provide data for residual voltage interference elimination; the vibration-aging coordination parameter module collects parameters such as vibration frequency (Hz) and track bed rebound value (MPa) to provide data for coordinated risk analysis. Real-time collection ensures that parameters can reflect dynamic changes in risk and avoid lag caused by static collection. Step three, threshold correction coefficient calculation, is the core of residual voltage interference elimination. Based on the power system residual voltage coupling model, the residual voltage-related parameters collected in step two are substituted into the formula to calculate the correction coefficient, breaking the limitations of traditional fixed thresholds and ensuring the reasonableness of the thresholds in different residual voltage scenarios. Step four, coordinated risk level calculation, is the core of risk quantification. First, calculate the track bed aging index based on the soil mechanics of track bed aging damage, and then link vibration parameters, aging index, pipeline depth and correction coefficient to calculate the coordinated risk level, achieving a coordinated analysis of residual voltage, vibration, aging and pipeline factors, and avoiding the one-sidedness of single parameter calculation. Step five, graded early warning and dynamic adjustment, is the core of risk response. According to the coordinated risk level, output targeted actions, and recalculate when the parameter change rate exceeds 10% to ensure a quick response to sudden risks and avoid early warning lag caused by static parameters. The five steps are closely linked. Initialization provides a benchmark, collection provides data, calculation provides quantitative basis, early warning provides action, and adjustment ensures dynamic adaptation. Each step is designed around the core needs of solving residual voltage false and missed reports, vibration-aging lag, and parameter disconnection, and through cross-field technology fusion and double formula linkage, the method ensures its innovation and implementability.

[0053] The technical effects achieved by the above embodiments include forming a complete risk early warning process, solving the problems of residual voltage false and missed reports, vibration-aging early warning lag and parameter disconnection in existing methods, and achieving dynamic and accurate early warning of construction risks.

[0054] The initialization parameters of traditional early warning methods have not been verified by actual measurement, and the differences between stations with different service lives are not considered, resulting in poor parameter adaptability, low calculation accuracy in old station reconstruction and new station expansion scenarios, and inability to support early warning needs in different scenarios.

[0055] Based on this, the reference parameters set by the system initialization in step one specifically include: the overhead line system rated voltage is 27.5 kV, the standard impedance of the rail is 0.15 Ω / m, the critical vibration frequency of the track bed is 50 Hz, and the standard buried depth of the pipeline is 1.5 m; the formula coefficients set specifically include: the residual voltage influence coefficient is 0.85, the residual voltage decay coefficient is 0.025, the humidity influence coefficient is 0.3, the vibration influence weight is 0.6, and the aging synergistic weight is 0.4; all the reference parameters and formula coefficients are verified and determined through the measured data in the railway station reconstruction construction scene, adapt to the reconstruction construction needs of stations with different service lives, and ensure the applicability of the parameters in different scenes such as old station reconstruction and new station expansion.

[0056] The step solves the problems of poor adaptability and low precision of traditional initialization parameters through the design of specific parameters, measured verification, and scene adaptation, and provides reliable reference support for the whole early warning method. The setting of reference parameters is aimed at the core elements of railway station reconstruction, and the values have clear industry basis: the overhead line system rated voltage 27.5 kV is the standard voltage of the railway traction power supply system, ensuring the accuracy of the reference for residual voltage calculation; the standard impedance of the rail 0.15 Ω / m is the typical impedance value of the railway rail, avoiding the judgment error of residual voltage coupling strength caused by reference deviation; the critical vibration frequency of the track bed 50 Hz is the resonance frequency based on a large number of track bed material tests, and the track bed damage will significantly increase beyond this frequency, ensuring the scientificity of vibration risk judgment; the standard buried depth of the pipeline 1.5 m is the conventional buried depth of the railway underground cable pipeline, providing a reasonable reference for pipeline vulnerability assessment. The setting of formula coefficients is based on measured data to ensure the objectivity of calculation: the residual voltage influence coefficient 0.85, the residual voltage decay coefficient 0.025, and the humidity influence coefficient 0.3 are obtained by fitting 100 groups of measured data of railway station reconstruction, each group of data covers different weather, different power-off time, and different rail conditions, avoiding the coefficient deviation caused by single scene data; the vibration influence weight 0.6 and the aging synergistic weight 0.4 are determined by comparing the track bed damage data under the vibration alone and the vibration-aging synergistic effects, ensuring that the weights can accurately reflect the contribution of the two to the risk. More importantly, all the parameters are verified in stations with different service lives; tests are conducted in a new station with a service life of 5 years and an old station with a service life of 15 years, and the parameters are adjusted until the calculation results are consistent with the actual risk, ensuring that the parameters can accurately support the calculation in the scenes of old station reconstruction and new station expansion, avoiding the precision problem of traditional general parameters in specific scenes, and laying a reliable parameter foundation for the subsequent collection and calculation steps.

[0057] The technical effects achieved by the above embodiments include: ensuring that the initialization parameters are verified by measurement, adapting to the reconstruction scenes of stations with different service lives, avoiding the problem of low calculation precision caused by poor parameter adaptability, and supporting the scene generality of the early warning method.

[0058] The traditional hierarchical early warning step has the problems of unclear early warning action and untimely response to parameter change: the specific action corresponding to different risk levels is not clear, and the early warning level is only updated at fixed time, which cannot cope with sudden risk caused by sudden change of parameters, the early warning response is lagging, and the risk expansion cannot be controlled in time.

[0059] Based on this, the specific action of hierarchical early warning in step five includes: when the cooperative risk level R is less than 0.3, the hierarchical early warning execution module controls the sound and light alarm to flash green light, the construction equipment keeps normal operation, and the parameters are reacquired every 5 seconds to update the early warning state; when 0.3≤R<0.7, the hierarchical early warning execution module controls the sound and light alarm to keep yellow light on with 1 beep per second, the construction equipment runs at 30% speed reduction, and the parameters are reacquired every 2 seconds to update the early warning state; when R≥0.7, the hierarchical early warning execution module controls the sound and light alarm to keep red light on with 3 beeps per second, triggers the construction equipment to stop urgently, and synchronously uploads the early warning information to the external monitoring center through the communication unit, and the parameters are reacquired every 1 second to update the early warning state; the preset parameter change rate threshold in step five is 10%, when the change rate of any collected parameter exceeds 10%, steps three to five are immediately re-executed to avoid early warning lag caused by sudden change of parameters and ensure rapid response to sudden risk.

[0060] The step solves the problems of traditional early warning action ambiguity and slow response by clear hierarchical action and timely dynamic response design, and ensures that the risk can be timely and targeted controlled. The hierarchical early warning action is based on different intervals of the coordination risk level R, and sets specific and executable operations. The action of each interval considers field warning, device control and data updating: when R<0.3 (low risk), the green light flashes to clearly warn the low risk on site, and the construction equipment normally operates to ensure the construction efficiency. The parameters are updated every 5 seconds to balance the response and resource consumption. No high-frequency update is needed under low risk to avoid unnecessary waste of computing resources; when 0.3≤R<0.7 (medium risk), the yellow light is always on and the buzzer sounds once per second to strengthen the on-site warning. The construction equipment runs at a speed reduced by 30% to reduce the vibration impact strength, and the parameter updating every 2 seconds improves the response speed to avoid risk escalation; when R≥0.7 (high risk), the red light is always on and the buzzer sounds three times per second to issue an emergency warning. The device emergency stop is a key action to control the risk expansion, and the pre-warning information is uploaded synchronously to ensure remote intervention. The parameters are updated every 1 second to ensure that the risk changes can be mastered in real time. The highest frequency of parameter monitoring is needed under high risk to provide data support for subsequent risk removal. The dynamic adjustment mechanism is aimed at sudden risks, and a parameter change rate threshold of 10% is preset. When the change rate of any collected parameter exceeds the threshold, the calculation and early warning steps are immediately re-executed without waiting for the scheduled update period, so as to avoid the pre-warning lag caused by sudden parameter change. For example, if the contact network residual voltage suddenly rises from 0.5 kV to 2 kV, and the update is waited for 5 seconds, the high-risk state will continue, and the emergency stop action will be delayed. The dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures that such sudden risks can be responded to in time.

[0061] The action design of the whole step matches the risk level, and the dynamic adjustment mechanism supplements the response to sudden risks, so as to ensure that the early warning is not only accurate but also timely, and to avoid the risk out of control caused by traditional early warning action ambiguity and slow response.

[0062] The above embodiments achieve the technical effects including: clear early warning action of different risk levels, immediate response to sudden risks, avoidance of risk expansion caused by early warning lag, and timely and targeted control of construction risks.

[0063] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in other forms. Any person skilled in the art can use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments applied to other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made according to the technical essence of the present application to the above embodiments still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A risk early warning system in railway station reconstruction construction, characterized in that, The application relates to a construction area risk early-warning system, which comprises a residual voltage coupling parameter acquisition module, a vibration-aging coordination parameter acquisition module, a risk threshold value correction calculation module, a coordination risk grade calculation module, a graded early-warning execution module and a data interaction and storage module; the residual voltage coupling parameter acquisition module is electrically connected with the risk threshold value correction calculation module and is used for acquiring residual voltage values of a catenary in a construction area, actual impedance values of a steel rail, relative humidity and power-off time lengths of the catenary and transmitting the values to the risk threshold value correction calculation module; the vibration-aging coordination parameter acquisition module is electrically connected with the coordination risk grade calculation module and is used for acquiring vibration frequencies and amplitudes of construction machinery, measured rebound values of an existing track bed, track bed spalling areas and buried depths of underground cable pipelines and transmitting the values to the coordination risk grade calculation module; the risk threshold value correction calculation module is electrically connected with the coordination risk grade calculation module and is used for calculating threshold correction coefficients according to the received residual voltage values, the actual impedance values of the steel rail, the relative humidity and the power-off time lengths of the catenary and transmitting the coefficients to the coordination risk grade calculation module; the coordination risk grade calculation module is electrically connected with the graded early-warning execution module and is used for calculating coordination risk grades in combination with the threshold correction coefficients and the received vibration frequencies, amplitudes, track bed measured rebound values, track bed spalling areas and pipeline buried depths and transmitting the grades to the graded early-warning execution module; the graded early-warning execution module is used for triggering graded early-warning actions according to the coordination risk grades; and the data interaction and storage module is electrically connected with the risk threshold value correction calculation module and the coordination risk grade calculation module and is used for storing parameters and calculation results output by the modules and communicating with an external construction management platform. The residual voltage coupling parameter acquisition module comprises a high-frequency residual voltage sensor, a steel rail impedance tester, a temperature and humidity sensor and a power-off time length timer; the high-frequency residual voltage sensor is used for acquiring residual voltage values of a catenary in a construction area; the steel rail impedance tester is used for acquiring actual impedance values of a steel rail in the construction area; the temperature and humidity sensor is used for acquiring relative humidity in the construction area; and the power-off time length timer is used for accumulating power-off time lengths of the catenary; the high-frequency residual voltage sensor, the steel rail impedance tester, the temperature and humidity sensor and the power-off time length timer are all electrically connected with the risk threshold value correction calculation module and are used for synchronously transmitting the acquired residual voltage values, the actual impedance values of the steel rail, the relative humidity and the power-off time lengths of the catenary to the risk threshold value correction calculation module, so as to ensure the timeliness and integrity of parameters acquired by the risk threshold value correction calculation module.

2. The risk warning system in railway station reconstruction construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ 3. The risk warning system in railway station reconstruction construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration-aging synergistic parameter acquisition module comprises a three-axis vibration sensor, a track bed rebound apparatus, an image acquisition instrument and a pipeline detector; the three-axis vibration sensor is used to acquire the vibration frequency and amplitude of the construction machinery, the track bed rebound apparatus is used to acquire the measured rebound value of the existing track bed in the construction area, the image acquisition instrument is used to identify the spalling area of the track bed in the construction area, and the pipeline detector is used to acquire the buried depth of the underground cable pipeline in the construction area; the three-axis vibration sensor, the track bed rebound apparatus, the image acquisition instrument and the pipeline detector are electrically connected with the synergistic risk grade calculation module and are used to transmit the acquired vibration frequency, amplitude, track bed measured rebound value, track bed spalling area and pipeline buried depth to the synergistic risk grade calculation module in real time, so as to provide the synergistic risk grade calculation module with multi-dimensional risk correlation parameters.

4. The risk alert system in a railway station reconstruction construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data interaction and storage module comprises a storage unit and a communication unit; the storage unit is used to store the threshold correction coefficient output by the risk threshold correction calculation module, the synergistic risk grade output by the synergistic risk grade calculation module and the original parameters transmitted by each acquisition module, and the storage time is not less than 90 days to meet the risk tracing demand after construction; the communication unit comprises a 4G / 5G communication module and an Ethernet interface, the 4G / 5G communication module is used to synchronously upload the early warning information triggered by the graded early warning execution module to an external monitoring center, the time delay is not more than 100 ms to ensure the timeliness of the early warning response, and the Ethernet interface is used to realize bidirectional data interaction with an external construction management platform, and the data transmission rate is not less than 1000 Mbps to support real-time interaction of a large amount of collected data.

5. The risk alert system for railway station renovation construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The risk threshold correction calculation module calculates a threshold correction coefficient K through a preset formula, and the calculation formula is: ; Wherein, α is a residual voltage influence coefficient, the value is 0.85, and is obtained by fitting 100 groups of measured data of railway station reconstruction construction; Uresidual is the residual voltage value of the catenary in the construction area collected by the high-frequency residual voltage sensor; Uex is the rated voltage of the catenary, the value is 27.5kV; Zrail is the actual impedance value of the steel rail in the construction area collected by the steel rail impedance tester; Zstandard is the standard impedance value of the steel rail, the value is 0.15Ω / m; β is a residual voltage attenuation coefficient, the value is 0.025; tstop is the power-off time length accumulated by the power-off time length timer; γ is a humidity influence coefficient, the value is 0.3; φhumid is the relative humidity in the construction area collected by the temperature and humidity sensor.

6. The risk alert system for railway station renovation construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synergistic risk grade calculation module first calculates the track bed aging index Iold, and the calculation model is: ； In the calculation model, S stripping is the spalling area of the track bed in the construction area identified by the image acquisition instrument; S total is the total area of the track bed in the construction area, and the value is ; R actual is the measured rebound value of the existing track bed in the construction area collected by the track bed rebound instrument; R standard is the standard rebound value of the new track bed, and the value is ; I old has a value range of 0-1, and the larger the value is, the more serious the aging degree of the track bed is, which is used to quantify the basic influence of the aging of the track bed on the construction risk.

7. The risk alert system for railway station renovation construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synergistic risk grade calculation module calculates the synergistic risk grade R in combination with the threshold correction coefficient K and the track bed aging index Iold, and the calculation formula is: ； In the formula, K is the threshold correction coefficient output by the risk threshold correction calculation module; A is the vibration influence weight, with a value of 0.6; f vibration is the vibration frequency of the construction machinery collected by the three-axis vibration sensor; A vibration is the amplitude of the construction machinery collected by the three-axis vibration sensor; B is the aging synergy weight, with a value of 0.4; I old is the track bed aging index calculated by the synergy risk grade calculation module; f limit is the track bed critical vibration frequency, with a value of 50 Hz; h pipe is the buried depth of the underground cable pipeline in the construction area collected by the pipeline detector; h standard is the standard buried depth of the cable pipeline, with a value of 1.5 m.

8. A risk early warning method in railway station reconstruction construction, applied to the risk early warning system in the railway station reconstruction construction according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Comprise: Step one, system initialization, set the overhead line system rated voltage, rail standard impedance, track bed critical vibration frequency, pipeline standard buried depth and other benchmark parameters, set the residual voltage influence coefficient, residual voltage attenuation coefficient, humidity influence coefficient, vibration influence weight, aging synergy weight and other formula coefficients; Step two, real-time multi-parameter acquisition, the residual voltage value, the actual impedance value of the rail, the relative humidity and the power-off duration of the overhead line system in the construction area are collected by the residual voltage coupling parameter acquisition module, and the vibration frequency, amplitude, measured rebound value of the existing track bed, track bed spalling area and buried depth of the underground cable pipeline of the construction machinery are collected by the vibration-aging synergy parameter acquisition module; Step three, threshold correction coefficient calculation, the threshold correction coefficient is calculated by the risk threshold correction calculation module according to the residual voltage value, the actual impedance value of the rail, the relative humidity and the power-off duration of the overhead line system collected in step two; Step four, synergy risk grade calculation, the synergy risk grade calculation module first calculates the track bed aging index according to the vibration frequency, amplitude, measured rebound value of the track bed and track bed spalling area collected in step two, and then calculates the synergy risk grade in combination with the threshold correction coefficient calculated in step three and the pipeline buried depth collected in step two; Step five, graded early warning and dynamic adjustment, the graded early warning execution module triggers the corresponding warning action according to the synergy risk grade, and when the change rate of the collected parameters exceeds the preset value, steps three to five are re-executed to update the warning grade.

9. The risk pre-warning method for railway station reconstruction construction according to claim 8, characterized in that, The benchmark parameters set in step one include: the overhead line system rated voltage is 27.5 kV, the rail standard impedance is 0.15 Ω / m, the track bed critical vibration frequency is 50 Hz, and the pipeline standard buried depth is 1.5 m; the formula coefficients set include: the residual voltage influence coefficient is 0.85, the residual voltage attenuation coefficient is 0.025, the humidity influence coefficient is 0.3, the vibration influence weight is 0.6, and the aging synergy weight is 0.4; all benchmark parameters and formula coefficients are verified and determined through measured data in the railway station reconstruction construction scene, adapt to the reconstruction construction needs of stations with different service life, and ensure the applicability of parameters in different scenes such as old station reconstruction and new station expansion.

10. The risk pre-warning method for railway station reconstruction construction according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific action of the hierarchical early warning in the fifth step includes: when the cooperative risk level R < 0.3, the hierarchical early warning execution module controls the sound and light alarm to flash green light, the construction equipment keeps normal operation, and parameters are reacquired every 5 seconds to update the early warning state; when 0.3 <= R < 0.7, the hierarchical early warning execution module controls the sound and light alarm to keep yellow light on and be accompanied by 1 buzz per second, the construction equipment runs at 30% speed reduction, parameters are reacquired every 2 seconds to update the early warning state; when R >= 0.7, the hierarchical early warning execution module controls the sound and light alarm to keep red light on and be accompanied by 3 buzzes per second, triggers the construction equipment to stop urgently, and synchronously uploads early warning information to the external monitoring center through the communication unit, and parameters are reacquired every 1 second to update the early warning state; the preset parameter change rate threshold in the fifth step is 10%, when the change rate of any acquired parameter exceeds 10%, steps three to five are immediately re-executed, so as to avoid early warning lag caused by sudden parameter change and ensure quick response to sudden risks.

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