Subcutaneous drainage tube intelligent monitoring and anti-blocking system and management method

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent monitoring and anti-blocking system for a subcutaneous drainage tube and a management method, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments.A subcutaneous drainage tube state monitoring system with multi-mode perception and intelligent quantitative evaluation is constructed, and through an integrated state monitoring module, the state of the subcutaneous drainage tube is monitored; core physical parameters in the drainage process are synchronously collected in real time, the flow sensor continuously monitors the instantaneous flow velocity and the accumulated flow of drainage liquid, the pressure sensor accurately senses the dynamic change of the pressure of fluid in the tube, and the optical sensor analyzes the absorption and scattering characteristics of the drainage liquid to light with the specific wavelength, so that the flow rate of the drainage liquid is accurately measured. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring quantitative data of turbidity and color of a drainage tube, transmitting the multi-source data to a central processing module in real time, calculating a comprehensive state score, and converting a multi-factor physiological environment of the drainage tube into a quantifiable scalar index which changes along with time, so that the blockage risk state is accurately judged before physical blockage is completely formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to an intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system and management method for subcutaneous drainage tubes. Background Technology

[0002] Following surgical procedures, such as gastrointestinal surgery (including adult and pediatric procedures), drainage tubes are typically placed to drain fluid and blood, prevent infection, and promote healing. Common drainage tubes include abdominal drainage tubes and subcutaneous drainage tubes. Subcutaneous drainage tubes are primarily used to drain exudate from the subcutaneous tissue layer, and their patency is crucial for postoperative recovery.

[0003] Currently, the management of subcutaneous drainage tubes in clinical practice mainly relies on nurses' regular rounds, manual squeezing of the drainage tube to determine patency, observation of drainage fluid characteristics, and recording of drainage volume. This method has the following significant drawbacks: Unable to monitor in real time: The inability to detect drainage tube blockage in time can easily lead to subcutaneous fluid accumulation, causing complications such as infection and poor wound healing.

[0004] Relying on subjective experience: Judging patency by squeezing by hand is highly subjective and has low accuracy, especially for inexperienced medical staff.

[0005] Increased workload: Frequent manual checks and records are required, consuming a significant amount of nursing resources.

[0006] Lack of early warning mechanisms: Treatment is often only carried out after blockage occurs, which makes treatment more difficult and increases the patient's suffering and risks.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent system and management method that can monitor the status of the drainage tube in real time and automatically, and proactively prevent and deal with blockages. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide an intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system and management method for subcutaneous drainage tubes. It constructs a multimodal sensing and intelligent quantitative assessment system for monitoring the status of subcutaneous drainage tubes. Through an integrated status monitoring module, core physical parameters of the drainage process are collected synchronously and in real time. A flow sensor continuously monitors the instantaneous flow rate and cumulative flow of the drainage fluid, a pressure sensor accurately senses the dynamic changes in fluid pressure within the tube, and an optical sensor analyzes the absorption and scattering characteristics of the drainage fluid at specific wavelengths of light to obtain quantitative data on its turbidity and color. This multi-source data is transmitted in real time to a central processing module to calculate a comprehensive status score, transforming the complex, multi-factor physiological environment of the drainage tube into a quantifiable, time-varying scalar indicator. This allows for accurate assessment of the risk of blockage before complete physical blockage. This assessment mechanism, based on multi-sensor data fusion and intelligent weighted algorithms, achieves real-time monitoring, automatic anti-blockage, and efficient management. It is suitable for adult and pediatric gastrointestinal scenarios, improving drainage tube patency, reducing complications, and enhancing nursing efficiency.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: On the one hand, a subcutaneous drainage tube intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system, the system comprising: a drainage tube body module, a status monitoring module, an anti-blockage execution module, a central processing module and a user interaction module; The drainage tube body module includes a subcutaneous drainage tube. The end of the subcutaneous drainage tube placed in the patient's body is provided with multiple drainage side holes. The outer surface of the tube wall at the end connected to the drainage container is provided with a micro-sensing path and a micro-actuator interface for connecting with the status monitoring module and the anti-blocking execution module. The status monitoring module is used to collect fluid parameters in the subcutaneous drainage tube in real time, including flow rate, pressure and optical properties, and transmit the data to the central processing module. The anti-clogging execution module is used to proactively intervene when a clogging risk is detected. It includes a micro-vibration generator, a pulse-type negative pressure suction unit, and a micro-flushing valve to perform unblocking operations. The central processing module is used to process the data from the status monitoring module, determine the patency status of the subcutaneous drainage tube, and generate control commands to trigger the graded response of the anti-blockage execution module. The user interaction module is used to display the system status and allows medical staff to set parameters and query data.

[0010] Furthermore, the subcutaneous drainage tube in the drainage tube body module is made of biocompatible materials, including silicone and PVC; The micro-sensing path is a micro-cavity pre-embedded in the tube wall, used to accommodate optical fibers to form an optical sensor for transmitting vibration signals. The micro-actuator interface is a physical connection point that couples with the micro-vibration generator in the anti-clogging actuator module, ensuring that vibration energy is efficiently transferred to the pipe wall.

[0011] Furthermore, the status monitoring module includes a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, and an optional optical sensor; The flow sensor monitors the flow rate and volume of the drainage fluid in real time and transmits the signal to the central processing module via an analog-to-digital converter; The pressure sensor is used to monitor the fluid pressure inside the subcutaneous drainage tube and triggers an early warning when the pressure inside the tube rises abnormally. The optical sensor analyzes the turbidity and color changes of the drainage fluid by emitting and receiving light signals of different wavelengths to help determine the bleeding and infection status.

[0012] Furthermore, the micro-vibration generator in the anti-clogging actuator module is a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, which generates high-frequency, low-amplitude mechanical vibration by applying alternating voltage. The high-frequency, low-amplitude mechanical vibration is transmitted to the wall of the subcutaneous drainage tube through the micro-actuator interface to break up and loosen the newly formed protein clots and tissue fragments. The pulsed negative pressure suction unit includes a solenoid valve and a negative pressure controller, which simulates the effect of manual squeezing by switching the negative pressure path, and its pulse frequency and amplitude are adjustable; The micro-flushing valve is connected to the saline bag through a sterile tubing. Under the control of the central processing module, flushing fluid is injected into the proximal end of the subcutaneous drainage tube to dissolve the blockage.

[0013] Furthermore, the central processing module includes a data processing unit and a storage unit. The data processing unit analyzes sensor data from the status monitoring module in real time using a status scoring function to determine the patency status of the subcutaneous drainage tube. ,in, For real-time calculation of status scores, The instantaneous flow rate value is collected in real time by the flow sensor in the status monitoring module. For individualized basic traffic values, The pressure value inside the pipe is collected in real time by the pressure sensor in the condition monitoring module. This is the maximum safe pressure threshold within the pipe. , Weighting coefficients, satisfying This is used to adjust the contribution of flow and pressure factors in the state score assessment; the default value is [value missing]. , ; The data processing unit scores the status. The value is used to determine the state: when When the status is deemed to be unobstructed, When, it is determined to be a congestion risk state, when When this occurs, it is determined to be a blocked state, where, and The preset judgment threshold; The storage unit is used to record real-time flow, pressure, and optical characteristic data of the status monitoring module, as well as the current status determined by the data processing unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the user interaction module includes a local display screen and a wireless communication unit; The local display screen shows the drainage fluid flow rate, flow rate, cumulative drainage volume, tube pressure, and system status in real time. The wireless communication unit supports connection with mobile terminals and nurse stations to achieve remote monitoring and data transmission, and allows medical staff to set alarm thresholds, working modes and flushing parameters through the interface.

[0015] Furthermore, in the central processing module, the anti-congestion execution module adopts a risk level-based approach. The hierarchical response strategy, the ,in, This is a real-time calculated risk level value used to determine the intensity and sequence of interventions. For real-time status scoring, Rate the status The rate of change over time is used to characterize the speed at which congestion worsens. The trend sensitivity coefficient is used to amplify or reduce the impact of changing trends on risk levels; the graded response strategy is as follows: when At the same time, maintain the current negative pressure suction; when At that time, primary intervention is triggered, and the micro-vibration generator is activated; when At that time, advanced intervention is triggered, combining the pulse-type negative pressure suction unit and the micro-flushing valve.

[0016] On the other hand, a method for intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage management of subcutaneous drainage tubes includes the following specific steps: S100. Insert the subcutaneous drainage tube into the patient's body, connect the drainage tube body module, status monitoring module and anti-blockage execution module, and set the initial working parameters through the user interaction module; S200, the status monitoring module collects the instantaneous flow rate, pressure value and optical characteristic data in the subcutaneous drainage tube in real time through the flow sensor, pressure sensor and optical sensor, and transmits the collected data to the central processing module in real time; S300: The central processing module receives sensor data and calculates a real-time status score, and makes a status judgment based on the status score value. Based on the judgment result of S300, the S400 and central processing module calculate the real-time risk level value and control the anti-blocking execution module to perform a graded response accordingly. The S500 central processing module's storage unit records the sensor data from the status monitoring module, the calculated status score and risk level, the system's status judgment results, the intervention measures executed by the anti-blocking execution module, and the parameter records from the user interaction module.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, this intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system and management method for subcutaneous drainage tubes has the following advantages: This invention constructs a multimodal sensing and intelligent quantitative assessment system for monitoring the status of subcutaneous drainage tubes. Through an integrated status monitoring module, core physical parameters of the drainage process are collected synchronously and in real time. A flow sensor continuously monitors the instantaneous flow rate and cumulative flow of the drainage fluid, a pressure sensor accurately senses the dynamic changes in fluid pressure within the tube, and an optical sensor analyzes the absorption and scattering characteristics of the drainage fluid at specific wavelengths to obtain quantitative data on its turbidity and color. This multi-source data is transmitted in real time to a central processing module, which calculates a comprehensive status score. This transforms the complex, multi-factor physiological environment of the drainage tube into a quantifiable, time-varying scalar indicator, accurately determining the risk of blockage before complete physical blockage. This assessment mechanism, based on multi-sensor data fusion and intelligent weighted algorithms, achieves real-time monitoring, automatic anti-blockage, and efficient management. It is applicable to gastrointestinal scenarios in adults and children, improving drainage tube patency, reducing complications, and enhancing nursing efficiency.

[0018] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart of an intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system for subcutaneous drainage tubes; Figure 2This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of an intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage management method for subcutaneous drainage tubes. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0022] Example 1 This embodiment is based on an intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system for subcutaneous drainage tubes, focusing on the application of subcutaneous drainage after adult gastrointestinal surgery. Through the coordinated operation of the drainage tube body module, status monitoring module, anti-blockage execution module, central processing module, and user interaction module, the system achieves real-time monitoring of the drainage tube status, accurate prediction of blockage risk, and graded anti-blockage intervention. The system synchronously collects core parameters such as flow rate, pressure, and optical characteristics through multiple sensors. The central processing module performs quantitative analysis based on the status scoring function and risk level calculation, triggering graded response measures such as micro-vibration, pulsed negative pressure suction, and micro-flushing. This solves the problems of poor real-time performance, strong subjectivity, and delayed intervention in traditional manual management, improves drainage patency, reduces the risk of postoperative complications such as infection and poor wound healing, and provides intelligent support for clinical nursing.

[0023] (1) Connection of the drainage tube body module A biocompatible silicone subcutaneous drainage tube is selected. The end of the tube placed inside the patient's body has multiple drainage side holes to ensure that exudate from the subcutaneous tissue layer can smoothly enter the lumen. During the surgery, the subcutaneous drainage tube is inserted into the postoperative subcutaneous drainage area, ensuring that the drainage side holes completely conform to the site of exudate generation. One end of the drainage tube connects to the drainage container, and its outer wall surface is pre-designed with micro-sensing pathways and micro-actuator interfaces. The micro-sensing pathways are micro-cavities pre-embedded in the tube wall, and the fiber optic transmission components of the optical sensor are embedded within these cavities to ensure… The optical fiber and the drainage tube cavity form a stable signal transmission path for transmitting the optical signals required for optical detection. The micro-actuator interface is physically coupled to the micro-vibration generator in the anti-clogging execution module to ensure that the vibration energy can be efficiently transmitted to the drainage tube wall. After the drainage tube is placed inside the body, the other end of the drainage tube is connected to the drainage container. At the same time, through the micro-sensing path and the micro-actuator interface, the mechanical and signal connections between the drainage tube body module and the status monitoring module and the anti-clogging execution module are realized respectively, ensuring smooth data transmission and power transmission between the modules.

[0024] (2) User interaction module parameter settings Through the local display screen and operation interface of the user interaction module, medical staff configure the initial working parameters. First, they input the patient's individual clinical information. Based on this information, the system automatically generates an individualized baseline flow rate value, which serves as a reference benchmark for subsequent flow rate monitoring. The system also sets the maximum safe pressure threshold within the tubing. This is used to determine whether the pressure inside the pipe is within an abnormal range. Simultaneously, a status scoring threshold is configured, including a low threshold. and high threshold These correspond to the thresholds for smooth flow and congestion risk states, and the critical values ​​between congestion risk states and congestion states, respectively. In addition, risk level classification thresholds are set, including a first threshold. Second threshold This is used to define the triggering conditions for different intervention strategies; a trend sensitivity coefficient also needs to be configured to adjust the impact of the rate of change in status scores on the risk level. Alarm thresholds, system operating modes, and micro-flushing related parameters are set, and all configuration parameters are synchronized to the central processing module's storage unit via the wireless communication unit to complete system initialization.

[0025] (3) Data acquisition and transmission of the status monitoring module The status monitoring module enters real-time data acquisition mode. This module, containing a flow sensor, pressure sensor, and optical sensor, works synchronously to continuously collect fluid parameters within the drainage tube. The flow sensor is installed in the section connecting the drainage tube and the drainage container, monitoring the instantaneous flow rate of the drainage fluid in real time. An internal detection unit converts the fluid kinetic energy into an electrical signal, which is then converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter and uploaded to the central processing module in real time. Simultaneously, the cumulative drainage volume is calculated based on the instantaneous flow rate data. The pressure sensor is embedded in a pre-set sensing point on the drainage tube wall, directly contacting the fluid inside the tube to accurately sense dynamic changes in pressure. When pressure fluctuations occur, the sensor converts the pressure change into a corresponding electrical signal, which is transmitted to the central processing module in real time to capture abnormal pressure increases before blockage occurs. The optical sensor… The sensor emits a specific wavelength of light signal into the drainage tube through an optical fiber component embedded in a miniature sensing path. The light signal is captured by the receiver after passing through the drainage fluid. The sensor calculates the quantitative value of the turbidity of the drainage fluid by analyzing parameters such as the intensity change and wavelength shift of the emitted and received light, and judges the color change of the drainage fluid based on the light absorption characteristics. In this way, it obtains optical characteristic data reflecting the properties of the drainage fluid. This data is transmitted to the central processing module in real time, providing a basis for the auxiliary judgment of complications such as bleeding and infection. All data collected by the sensor is uploaded in real time through a dedicated data transmission line. Anti-interference processing is adopted during the transmission process to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. The storage unit of the central processing module records the received real-time flow, pressure, and optical characteristic data throughout the process, providing data support for subsequent analysis and traceability.

[0026] (4) Data processing and status judgment of the central processing module.

[0027] After receiving multi-source data from the status monitoring module, the central processing module analyzes and processes the data according to a preset algorithm. First, it calculates the real-time status score, which is obtained through a status score function. The expression of this function is: ,in For real-time status scoring, The instantaneous flow rate value is collected in real time by the flow sensor. For individualized basic traffic values, The pressure value inside the pipe is collected in real time by the pressure sensor. This is the maximum safe pressure threshold within the pipe. , For the weighting coefficients, satisfying Default settings This is used to adjust the contribution of flow and pressure factors to the status score. The data processing unit calculates the status score accordingly. The state is determined by combining the preset judgment threshold: when When the drainage tube is deemed to be unobstructed, the fluid flow within the tube is smooth, and there is no risk of blockage; when When this condition is identified as a potential blockage, it indicates that a small amount of protein clots or tissue fragments may have accumulated inside the tube, with a tendency to develop into a blockage; when When a blockage is detected, the fluid flow within the pipe is obstructed, requiring immediate intervention to clear the blockage. Based on this status assessment, the data processing unit further calculates the real-time risk level value. The risk level function is ,in For real-time status scoring, Rate the status The rate of change over time is used to characterize the speed at which congestion worsens. This is a trend sensitivity coefficient, used to amplify or reduce the impact of changing trends on risk levels. (Risk level value) Used to determine the intervention intensity and sequence of the anti-blocking execution module, providing a basis for graded response. All data, status judgment results and risk level values ​​in the calculation process are stored in the storage unit in real time to ensure data traceability.

[0028] (5) Anti-blocking execution module hierarchical intervention execution The central processing module is based on the risk level value. The calculation results are used to send tiered control commands to the anti-clogging execution module, which includes a micro-vibration generator, a pulsed negative pressure suction unit, and a micro-flushing valve. The module executes corresponding unblocking operations according to a preset tiered response strategy. At this time, the system maintains the current negative pressure suction state, and the anti-clogging execution module does not activate additional intervention measures. It only ensures the normal discharge of drainage fluid through the original negative pressure system. At this time, the drainage tube is in a smooth state and no additional intervention is required. Upon initial intervention, the central processing module sends a start command to the micro-vibration generator. The micro-vibration generator, employing a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, generates high-frequency, low-amplitude mechanical vibration by applying an alternating voltage. This vibration is efficiently transmitted to the drainage tube wall via a micro-actuator interface coupled to the tube wall. The high-frequency, low-amplitude vibration acts on the inner wall of the tube, breaking up and loosening newly formed protein clots and tissue fragments, preventing further accumulation and blockage. Simultaneously, it does not affect patient comfort or the stability of the drainage tube placement. During the vibration intervention, the status monitoring module continuously collects flow and pressure data, feeding it back to the central processing module in real time to dynamically adjust vibration parameters and ensure the intervention's effectiveness. Upon triggering advanced intervention, the central processing module simultaneously sends start commands to the pulsed negative pressure suction unit and the micro-flushing valve, executing a combined unblocking operation. The pulsed negative pressure suction unit, comprising a solenoid valve and a negative pressure controller, simulates the effect of manual squeezing by switching negative pressure pathways upon receiving the command. Its pulse frequency and amplitude are dynamically adjustable based on real-time monitoring data. Periodic negative pressure changes generate a suction effect, loosening the accumulated blockages within the tube and transporting them towards the drainage container. Simultaneously, the micro-flushing valve connects to a saline bag via sterile tubing. Under the control of the central processing module, an appropriate amount of flushing fluid is injected into the proximal end of the subcutaneous drainage tube according to preset flushing parameters. The flushing fluid dissolves blockages that are difficult to remove through vibration and negative pressure, further unblocking the lumen. The sterile flushing design avoids the risk of infection. During advanced intervention, the optical sensor in the status monitoring module monitors changes in the optical properties of the drainage fluid in real time, determining the dissolution and discharge of blockages. The central processing module adjusts the negative pressure pulse parameters and flushing fluid injection volume based on feedback data to ensure effective unblocking and avoid excessive flushing that could adversely affect the patient.

[0029] (6) Synchronization of user interaction and remote monitoring Throughout the system's operation, the user interaction module displays relevant information in real time and supports interactive operations. The local display screen continuously shows the instantaneous flow rate, cumulative drainage volume, intra-tube pressure values ​​and change curves of the drainage fluid, while also displaying the system's current status (unobstructed, at risk of blockage, blocked), the working status of the anti-blockage execution module (no intervention, primary intervention, advanced intervention), and risk level values. Medical staff can intuitively grasp the real-time status of the drainage tube through the local display screen, eliminating the need for frequent manual checks. The wireless communication unit synchronously transmits real-time data, status judgment results, and intervention record information to the mobile terminal and nurse station, enabling remote monitoring. Medical staff can view the patient's drainage status at any time through the mobile terminal. When the system detects a risk of blockage or a blocked state, the user interaction module triggers an alarm prompt, promptly reminding medical staff through audible and visual alarms on the local display screen and push notifications on the mobile terminal. Furthermore, medical staff can adjust alarm thresholds, working modes, and flushing parameters according to the patient's clinical changes through the operation interface of the mobile terminal or nurse station, achieving personalized management.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, a method for intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage management of subcutaneous drainage tubes is provided, which includes the following operating steps for the aforementioned intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system for subcutaneous drainage tubes: S100. Insert the subcutaneous drainage tube into the patient's body, connect the drainage tube body module, status monitoring module and anti-blockage execution module, and set the initial working parameters through the user interaction module; S200, the status monitoring module collects the instantaneous flow rate, pressure value and optical characteristic data in the subcutaneous drainage tube in real time through the flow sensor, pressure sensor and optical sensor, and transmits the collected data to the central processing module in real time; S300: The central processing module receives sensor data and calculates a real-time status score, and makes a status judgment based on the status score value. Based on the judgment result of S300, the S400 and central processing module calculate the real-time risk level value and control the anti-blocking execution module to perform a graded response accordingly. The S500 central processing module's storage unit records the sensor data from the status monitoring module, the calculated status score and risk level, the system's status judgment results, the intervention measures executed by the anti-blocking execution module, and the parameter records from the user interaction module.

[0031] In summary, this embodiment achieves intelligent management of subcutaneous drainage after gastrointestinal surgery through the complete operation of the intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system for subcutaneous drainage tubes. The system establishes a stable foundation for drainage and connection through the drainage tube body module, while the multi-sensor collaborative operation of the status monitoring module ensures comprehensive and real-time acquisition of core parameters. The central processing module achieves quantitative assessment of status and risk prediction through a scientific mathematical model, and the tiered intervention strategy of the anti-blockage execution module can accurately address different levels of blockage risk. The user interaction module provides convenient local operation and remote monitoring functions. The entire implementation process reduces the risk of postoperative complications and ensures the patient's recovery process through timely and effective anti-blockage intervention. It provides an intelligent solution for clinical subcutaneous drainage management and is suitable for various clinical scenarios requiring subcutaneous drainage, including adult and pediatric gastrointestinal diseases.

[0032] Example 2 like Figure 1 As shown in Example 1, this example details the specific steps of a subcutaneous drainage tube intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system in performing intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage of the subcutaneous drainage tube. The specific steps are as follows: (1) System initialization A subcutaneous drainage tube is inserted into the patient's body; Connect the drainage tube body module, the status monitoring module, and the anti-blockage execution module; Initial parameters can be set through the user interaction module: patient information, drainage tube type, alarm threshold, etc. (2) Real-time data acquisition Flow sensor: Real-time monitoring of instantaneous and cumulative flow of drainage fluid; Pressure sensor: Real-time monitoring of fluid pressure within the drainage tube; Optical sensor: Analyzes the turbidity and color changes of drainage fluid to help determine bleeding or infection; (3) Data transmission The collected flow rate, pressure, and optical characteristic data are transmitted to the central processing module; (4) Status assessment The central processing module calculates a real-time status score to determine the status of the drainage tube, including: unobstructed, risk of blockage, and blockage; When the drainage tube is patent, maintain negative pressure suction; When the drainage tube status is "risk of blockage" or "blockage", calculate the risk level; (5) Risk classification and intervention decision Risk level is calculated based on the status score and its changing trend: Low risk: Maintain current negative pressure suction; Medium risk: Start the micro-vibration generator; High risk: Activation of the flushing valve and pulsed negative pressure suction; (6) Implementing intervention measures Low risk: Maintain negative pressure suction; Medium risk: Activate the micro-vibration generator; High risk: Initiate saline flushing and pulsed negative pressure suction; (7) Data recording and uploading Record sensor data, status scores, risk levels, and intervention measures; Data is uploaded to the cloud / nurse station via wireless communication unit; (8) Circular monitoring Repeat steps (2)-(7) and continuously monitor the status of the drainage tube until it is removed.

[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart monitoring and anti-blockage system for subcutaneous drainage tubes, characterized in that, The system consists of: a drainage tube body module, a status monitoring module, an anti-blockage execution module, a central processing module, and a user interaction module; The drainage tube body module includes a subcutaneous drainage tube. The end of the subcutaneous drainage tube placed in the patient's body is provided with multiple drainage side holes. The outer surface of the tube wall at the end connected to the drainage container is provided with a micro-sensing path and a micro-actuator interface for connecting with the status monitoring module and the anti-blocking execution module. The status monitoring module is used to collect fluid parameters in the subcutaneous drainage tube in real time, including flow rate, pressure and optical properties, and transmit the data to the central processing module. The anti-clogging execution module is used to proactively intervene when a clogging risk is detected. It includes a micro-vibration generator, a pulse-type negative pressure suction unit, and a micro-flushing valve to perform unblocking operations. The central processing module is used to process the data from the status monitoring module, determine the patency status of the subcutaneous drainage tube, and generate control commands to trigger the graded response of the anti-blockage execution module. The user interaction module is used to display the system status and allows medical staff to set parameters and query data.

2. The intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system for subcutaneous drainage tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The subcutaneous drainage tube in the drainage tube body module is made of biocompatible materials, including silicone and PVC. The micro-sensing path is a micro-cavity pre-embedded in the tube wall, used to accommodate optical fibers to form an optical sensor for transmitting vibration signals. The micro actuator interface is a physical connection point that couples with the micro vibration generator in the anti-clogging actuator module.

3. The intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system for subcutaneous drainage tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The status monitoring module includes a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, and an optional optical sensor; The flow sensor monitors the flow rate and volume of the drainage fluid in real time and transmits the signal to the central processing module via an analog-to-digital converter; The pressure sensor is used to monitor the fluid pressure inside the subcutaneous drainage tube and triggers an early warning when the pressure inside the tube rises abnormally. The optical sensor analyzes the turbidity and color changes of the drainage fluid by emitting and receiving light signals of different wavelengths to help determine the bleeding and infection status.

4. The intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system for subcutaneous drainage tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micro-vibration generator in the anti-clogging execution module is a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, which generates high-frequency, low-amplitude mechanical vibration by applying alternating voltage. The high-frequency, low-amplitude mechanical vibration is transmitted to the wall of the subcutaneous drainage tube through the micro-actuator interface, which is used to break up and loosen the newly formed protein clots and tissue fragments. The pulsed negative pressure suction unit includes a solenoid valve and a negative pressure controller, which simulates the effect of manual squeezing by switching the negative pressure path, and its pulse frequency and amplitude are adjustable; The micro-flushing valve is connected to the saline bag through a sterile tubing. Under the control of the central processing module, flushing fluid is injected into the proximal end of the subcutaneous drainage tube to dissolve the blockage.

5. The intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system for subcutaneous drainage tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central processing module includes a data processing unit and a storage unit. The data processing unit analyzes sensor data from the status monitoring module in real time using a status scoring function to determine the patency status of the subcutaneous drainage tube. ,in, For real-time calculation of status scores, The instantaneous flow rate value is collected in real time by the flow sensor in the status monitoring module. For individualized basic traffic values, The pressure value inside the pipe is collected in real time by the pressure sensor in the condition monitoring module. This is the maximum safe pressure threshold within the pipe. , Weighting coefficients, satisfying This is used to adjust the contribution of flow and pressure factors in the state score assessment; the default value is [value missing]. , ; The data processing unit scores the status. The value is used to determine the state: when When the status is deemed to be unobstructed, When, it is determined to be a congestion risk state, when When this occurs, it is determined to be a blocked state, where, and The preset judgment threshold; The storage unit is used to record real-time flow, pressure, and optical characteristic data of the status monitoring module, as well as the current status determined by the data processing unit.

6. The intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system for subcutaneous drainage tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The user interaction module includes a local display screen and a wireless communication unit; The local display screen shows the drainage fluid flow rate, flow rate, cumulative drainage volume, tube pressure, and system status in real time. The wireless communication unit supports connection with mobile terminals and nurse stations to achieve remote monitoring and data transmission, and allows medical staff to set alarm thresholds, working modes and flushing parameters through the interface.

7. The intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system for subcutaneous drainage tubes according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the central processing module, the anti-congestion execution module adopts a risk level-based approach. The hierarchical response strategy, the ,in, This is a real-time calculated risk level value used to determine the intensity and sequence of interventions. For real-time status scoring, Rate the status The rate of change over time is used to characterize the speed at which congestion worsens. Given the trend sensitivity coefficient, the hierarchical response strategy is as follows: when At the same time, maintain the current negative pressure suction; when At that time, primary intervention is triggered, and the micro-vibration generator is activated; when At that time, advanced intervention is triggered, combining the pulse-type negative pressure suction unit and the micro-flushing valve, wherein, and This is a preset risk level threshold.

8. A method for intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage management of subcutaneous drainage tubes, applicable to the intelligent monitoring and anti-blockage system for subcutaneous drainage tubes as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The specific steps of this method are as follows: S100. Insert the subcutaneous drainage tube into the patient's body, connect the drainage tube body module, status monitoring module and anti-blockage execution module, and set the initial working parameters through the user interaction module; S200, the status monitoring module collects the instantaneous flow rate, pressure value and optical characteristic data in the subcutaneous drainage tube in real time through the flow sensor, pressure sensor and optical sensor, and transmits the collected data to the central processing module in real time; S300: The central processing module receives sensor data and calculates a real-time status score, and makes a status judgment based on the status score value. Based on the judgment result of S300, the S400 and central processing module calculate the real-time risk level value and control the anti-blocking execution module to perform a graded response accordingly. The S500 central processing module's storage unit records the sensor data from the status monitoring module, the calculated status score and risk level, the system's status judgment results, the intervention measures executed by the anti-blocking execution module, and the parameter records from the user interaction module.

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