Clinical bone grafting device for orthopedics department

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, and particularly discloses an orthopedic clinical bone grafting device which comprises a handheld mechanism, a transmission mechanism is arranged at one end of the interior of the handheld mechanism in a penetrating mode, and a flow control mechanism is rotationally arranged at the end, away from the handheld mechanism, of the transmission mechanism. A flexible guide mechanism is fixedly arranged at the end, away from the conveying mechanism, of the flow control mechanism, a monitoring mechanism is arranged at the end, away from the flow control mechanism, of the flexible guide mechanism, one end of the monitoring mechanism is further arranged in the handheld mechanism, and an outer backflow prevention mechanism is further slidably arranged on the outer surface of the flexible guide mechanism. An inner anti-backflow mechanism is fixedly arranged in the center of the interior of the flow control mechanism, efficient adaptation is achieved through a composite structure of an inner rubber pipe, a memory metal net and an outer rubber pipe, meanwhile, a dual-protection system of the outer anti-backflow mechanism and the inner anti-backflow mechanism is adopted to prevent tissue fluid from polluting bone meal in a storage cavity, and the bone grafting utilization rate and sterility are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of orthopedic medical devices, and more particularly to a bone graft device for clinical use in orthopedics. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in orthopedic clinics, bone grafting surgery is a key means of repairing bone defects and promoting bone healing. It requires the precise delivery of bone powder or bone graft materials to the bone defect site using a bone grafting device.

[0003] Existing bone graft devices mostly have rigid output channels, which cannot be adapted to complex anatomical sites such as scoliosis and around joints. They are prone to damaging surrounding soft tissues and lack effective anti-backflow measures. Bone powder is easily lost during delivery, and tissue fluid can easily seep into the storage cavity and contaminate the bone powder.

[0004] To address the above issues, we propose a bone graft device for clinical orthopedic use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bone graft device for clinical orthopedic use, aiming to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a bone graft device for clinical orthopedic use, comprising a handheld mechanism, a transmission mechanism extending through one end of the handheld mechanism, a flow control mechanism rotatably disposed at the end of the transmission mechanism away from the handheld mechanism, a flexible guide mechanism fixedly disposed at the end of the flow control mechanism away from the transmission mechanism, a monitoring mechanism disposed at the end of the flexible guide mechanism away from the flow control mechanism, and one end of the monitoring mechanism also disposed inside the handheld mechanism, an external anti-backflow mechanism slidably disposed on the outer surface of the flexible guide mechanism, and an internal anti-backflow mechanism fixedly disposed at the center of the flow control mechanism; the flexible guide mechanism includes an inner rubber tube, one end of which is disposed at the end of the flow control mechanism away from the transmission mechanism, a memory metal mesh fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the inner rubber tube, an outer rubber tube disposed on the outer surface of the memory metal mesh, a port plate fixedly disposed at the ends of the inner and outer rubber tubes away from the flow control mechanism, and an output guide port fixedly disposed below the end of the inner rubber tube away from the flow control mechanism, passing through the outer rubber tube and the memory metal mesh.

[0007] The external anti-backflow mechanism includes several limiting beads and a sliding sleeve. The limiting beads are arranged in two groups and arrayed at both ends of the outer rubber tube, near or far from the flow control mechanism. The sliding sleeve is slidably disposed on the outer surface of the outer rubber tube. The sliding sleeve is provided with several limiting grooves near the inner wall of the outer rubber sleeve, and the limiting grooves and the limiting beads are arranged at the same horizontal line.

[0008] The outer surface of the sliding sleeve is provided with a sealing gasket, and the inner wall of the sealing gasket near the port plate is provided with a sealing groove. The outer surface of the sealing gasket is also provided with an array of several negative pressure suction cups.

[0009] The flow control mechanism includes a rotating ring, which is rotatably disposed at the end of the transmission mechanism away from the handheld mechanism. A transfer tube is rotatably disposed at the end of the rotating ring away from the transmission mechanism. A plurality of flow guide holes are arranged in a semi-circular array on the side of the transfer tube near the rotating ring. A fixing plate is disposed on the inner wall of the rotating ring, and the fixing plate is arranged in a semi-circular shape.

[0010] The internal anti-backflow mechanism includes a fixing ring, which is disposed on the inner side of the transfer pipe near the guide hole. A limit ring is disposed at the inner end of the transfer pipe away from the fixing ring. A one-way transfer slide is slidably disposed between the fixing ring and the limit ring.

[0011] The fixed ring has a central hole fixedly provided at its center, and the unidirectional transmission slide plate has a sealing post fixedly provided at its center on the side near the fixed ring. The limiting ring and the unidirectional transmission slide plate are respectively provided with a plurality of passage holes inside, and the plurality of passage holes on the limiting ring and the plurality of passage holes on the unidirectional transmission slide plate are on the same horizontal line. The plurality of passage holes on the unidirectional transmission slide plate are respectively arrayed on one side of the sealing post.

[0012] The handheld mechanism includes a handle, which has a hollow cavity inside. A fixing frame is installed inside the hollow cavity, and a storage tube is fixedly installed at the upper end of the fixing frame. An opening is fixedly installed at the upper end of the handle, and the opening is also located above the storage tube.

[0013] The opening has a rotating plate rotatably mounted on one side inside, a pressing plate on the side of the opening near the inside of the storage tube, a telescopic column fixed between the rotating plate and the pressing plate, and a return spring fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the telescopic column.

[0014] The transmission mechanism includes a transmission tube, one end of which is fixedly disposed on one side of the storage tube, and the other end of which passes through the handle and is disposed on the outer side of the handle. A sealing ring is provided at the end of the transmission tube away from the storage tube, and the sealing ring is disposed on the inner wall of the handle. A guide tube is fixedly disposed at the end of the transmission tube disposed on the outer side of the handle.

[0015] The monitoring mechanism includes a guide platform, which is located at the end of the flexible guide mechanism away from the flow control mechanism. The guide platform has rounded grooves along its edges. A miniature camera is fixedly mounted at the center of the side of the guide platform away from the flexible guide mechanism. Three supplementary lights are fixedly mounted in the peripheral array of the miniature camera. A transmission line assembly is fixedly mounted on the side of the guide platform away from the miniature camera. The end of the transmission line assembly away from the guide platform passes through the external anti-backflow mechanism and the handle, and is located inside the hollow cavity. A wireless transmitter is fixedly mounted at the end of the transmission line assembly away from the guide platform, and is located above the transmission tube. The wireless transmitter is also fixedly mounted at the end of the handle away from the opening.

[0016] Beneficial effects: 1. This invention relates to a bone graft device for clinical orthopedic use. The flexible guiding mechanism achieves efficient adaptation through a composite structure of an inner rubber tube, a shape-memory metal mesh, and an outer rubber tube. The shape-memory metal mesh possesses bendable and malleable properties, allowing it to adjust its angle and maintain stability according to the morphology of complex anatomical sites such as scoliosis and joint spaces, solving the problems of existing rigid bone graft devices failing to conform to complex bone surfaces and easily scratching surrounding soft tissues. The inner and outer rubber tubes are made of medical-grade flexible materials with smooth surfaces and excellent biocompatibility, reducing frictional damage to blood vessels, nerves, and other tissues. Simultaneously, the output guide port precisely points to the bone graft area, and combined with the flexible structure's agility, it enables precise delivery within confined surgical spaces. This is particularly suitable for surgical scenarios such as spinal fusion and hip replacement, where it is necessary to avoid important anatomical structures, significantly improving surgical safety.

[0017] 2. This invention provides a bone graft device for clinical orthopedic use, employing a dual protection system of "external anti-backflow mechanism + internal anti-backflow mechanism". In the external anti-backflow mechanism, the sliding sleeve is positioned by a limiting bead and a limiting groove. The sealing gasket and sealing groove on its outer surface can conform to the surrounding tissue of the bone defect site to form an external seal. Combined with the negative pressure suction cup assembly, it adsorbs and fixes the bone powder, preventing it from overflowing from the bone graft area. In the internal anti-backflow mechanism, the unidirectional transmission slide plate slides under pressure during bone powder delivery, aligning the passage holes to achieve flow. When delivery stops, it resets under the action of a reset force, and the sealing post inserts into the central hole of the fixing ring. At the same time, the passage holes close in a misaligned manner, blocking bone powder backflow and tissue fluid reverse seepage from the inside. Compared with the existing single anti-backflow structure, this dual design reduces the bone powder loss rate to below 5%, while avoiding tissue fluid contamination of the bone powder in the storage cavity, significantly improving bone graft utilization and sterility.

[0018] 3. This invention provides a bone graft device for clinical orthopedic use, which achieves precise flow rate adjustment through the relative rotation of a rotating ring and a transfer tube. The semi-circular array of guide holes in the transfer tube cooperates with the semi-circular fixing plate on the inner wall of the rotating ring. When the rotating ring rotates, the number and area of ​​the opening and closing of the guide holes can be changed, thereby linearly adjusting the bone powder delivery speed. Combined with the unidirectional transmission characteristics of the internal anti-backflow mechanism, it can avoid the flow rate fluctuations caused by pressure fluctuations. This design solves the problem of existing bone graft devices relying on the doctor's experience to control the dosage. It can precisely adjust the amount of bone graft according to the volume of the bone defect, avoiding both waste and pressure caused by excessive bone graft and insufficient bone graft affecting healing. It is especially suitable for scenarios with strict requirements for bone graft volume, such as the repair of bone defects in adolescents, and improves the stability of surgical results.

[0019] 4. This invention provides a bone graft device for clinical orthopedic use, comprising a visualization system composed of a miniature camera, supplementary lighting, and a wireless transmitter: the miniature camera is positioned at the front end of the flexible guide mechanism, and together with three supplementary lights, it can clearly capture real-time images of the bone defect site. The images are synchronized to an external display screen via a transmission line and a wireless transmitter; the rounded groove design of the guide platform avoids tissue scratches and ensures stable image acquisition by the camera. Doctors can observe the relative position of the bone graft outlet and the bone defect surface through the real-time image, precisely adjusting the angle and depth of the flexible guide mechanism, thus solving the displacement problem caused by the reliance on manual positioning in existing bone graft devices. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a top view of the entire invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the AA line structure.

[0024] Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Enlarged view of the local structure at point B.

[0025] Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Enlarged view of the local structure at point C.

[0026] Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 3Enlarged view of the local structure at point D.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the handheld mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a top view of the handheld mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external anti-backflow mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transmission mechanism, flow control mechanism, and shape memory metal mesh of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is the present invention. Figure 10 Top view.

[0032] 1-Handheld mechanism, 101-Handheld handle, 102-Hollow cavity, 103-Storage tube, 104-Fixed frame, 105-Opening, 106-Rotating plate, 107-Extrusion plate, 108-Telescopic column, 109-Reset spring, 2-Transmission mechanism, 201-Transmission tube, 202-Sealing ring, 203-Guide tube, 3-Flow control mechanism, 301-Rotating ring, 302-Transfer tube, 303-Flow guide hole, 304-Fixed sealing plate, 4-Flexible guide mechanism, 401-Inner rubber tube, 402-Memory metal mesh, 403-Outer rubber tube, 404-Port board, 405-Output guide port, 5-Monitoring mechanism, 501-Guide platform, 502-Miniature camera, 503-Fill light, 504-Transmission line assembly, 505-Wireless transmitter, 6-External anti-backflow mechanism, 601-Limit bead, 602-Sliding sleeve, 603-Limit groove, 604-Sealing gasket, 605-Sealing groove, 606-Negative pressure suction cup assembly, 7-Internal anti-flow mechanism, 701-Fixing ring, 702-Center hole, 703-One-way transmission slide plate, 704-Limit ring, 705-Passage hole, 706-Sealing post. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0035] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present application. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or similar designation indicating a connection between components should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] like Figures 1-11 As shown, the present invention provides a bone graft device for clinical use in orthopedics, which addresses the problems of existing bone graft devices being unable to adapt to complex anatomical sites such as scoliosis and the periarticular region, easily damaging surrounding soft tissues, lacking effective anti-backflow measures, easily losing bone powder during delivery, and easily allowing tissue fluid to seep into the storage cavity and contaminate the bone powder.

[0038] Specifically, such as Figure 3As shown, the flexible guiding mechanism 4 is the core adapter component: one end of the inner rubber tube 401 is fixed to the flow control mechanism 3, and the outer surface is tightly wrapped with the memory metal mesh 402. The outer rubber tube 403 is then sleeved on the outside of the memory metal mesh 402. The three are coaxially arranged and their ends are fixed and limited by the port plate 404. The lower end of the inner rubber tube 401 passes through the outer rubber tube 403 and the memory metal mesh 402, extending to form an output guide port 405. The outlet direction of the output guide port 405 is adapted to the bending direction of the flexible guiding mechanism 4 to ensure that the bone powder is accurately directed to the bone graft area. The shape memory metal mesh 402 is made of titanium-nickel shape memory alloy, which can be manually bent and shaped according to the surgical site and maintains a stable shape after bending. Both the inner rubber tube 401 and the outer rubber tube 403 are made of medical-grade silicone rubber, possessing good biocompatibility and wear resistance, solving the problem of poor adaptability caused by the rigidity of existing bone graft output channels. The shaping characteristics of the shape memory metal mesh 402 can adapt to complex anatomical sites such as scoliosis and joint spaces, providing stable support after bending to prevent channel collapse. The flexibility and smooth surfaces of the inner and outer rubber tubes 401 and 403 significantly reduce the risk of frictional damage to soft tissues such as blood vessels and nerves. The directional design of the output guide port 405, combined with the flexible structure of the flexible guide mechanism 4, allows for precise delivery of bone powder in confined surgical spaces, especially suitable for surgical scenarios such as spinal fusion surgery where important anatomical structures must be avoided, thus improving surgical safety.

[0039] like Figure 3 , Figure 9 As shown, several limiting beads 601 are arranged in two groups at the two ends of the outer rubber tube 403, near or away from the flow control mechanism 3. The sliding sleeve 602 is slidably disposed on the outer surface of the outer rubber tube 403. Several limiting grooves 603 are provided on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 602 near the outer rubber tube 403, and the limiting grooves 603 and the limiting beads 601 are arranged at the same horizontal line. Through the rigid positioning of the limiting beads 601 and the limiting grooves 603, it is ensured that the sliding sleeve 602 will not shift due to operation collision or tissue compression during the operation, providing a stable foundation for subsequent sealing and backflow prevention. The two sets of positioning positions are adapted to different surgical depth requirements. When close to the port plate 404, it can achieve close sealing of the bone graft area. When close to the flow control mechanism 3, it is convenient for instruments to be inserted into the surgical incision, improving the flexibility of operation.

[0040] like Figure 9 As shown, the sealing pad 604 cooperates with the sealing groove 605 to form a surface seal around the bone defect area, blocking the channels for bone powder to leak out. The suction fixation of the negative pressure suction cup assembly 606 further enhances the sealing stability and prevents the sealing pad 604 from shifting during surgical operations, which could lead to seal failure. Compared with existing single sealing structures, this design reduces the bone powder leakage rate by more than 40%, while the negative pressure suction of the negative pressure suction cup assembly 606 eliminates the need for additional fixation instruments, reducing interference with surrounding tissues.

[0041] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the end of the transmission mechanism 2 away from the handheld end is rotatably connected to the rotating ring 301 via a bearing. The end of the rotating ring 301 away from the handheld end is then rotatably connected to the transfer tube 302 via a bearing (the other end of the transfer tube 302 is connected to the inner rubber tube 401 of the flexible guide mechanism 4). The transfer tube 302 has 4-6 guide holes 303 (diameter 2-3mm) evenly opened along the semi-circular area on the end side wall near the rotating ring 301. The inner wall of the rotating ring 301 is integrally formed with a semi-circular fixed sealing plate 304. The curvature of the fixed sealing plate 304 is adapted to the outer wall of the transfer tube 302, and the coverage area corresponds to the semi-circular array area of ​​the guide holes 303.

[0042] When it is necessary to control the current flow rate, rotating the rotating ring 301 can block the guide hole 303 by fixing the sealing plate 304. The number of exposed guide holes 303 and the exposure area of ​​a single hole can be adjusted by changing the rotation angle. Through the mechanical adjustment of the rotating ring 301, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the guide hole 303 can be changed linearly, thereby precisely controlling the bone powder delivery speed (adjustment range 0.1-1g / s), solving the problem of existing bone graft devices relying on the doctor's experience in controlling the flow rate by applying pressure. The cooperation between the semi-circular guide hole 303 and the fixing sealing plate 304 ensures that the flow rate changes smoothly during the adjustment process, avoiding bone graft accumulation or insufficiency caused by sudden changes in flow rate, and improving the accuracy of bone graft volume control.

[0043] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a fixed annular ring 701 is welded to the inner wall of the transfer tube 302 near the guide hole 303, and a fixed annular limiting ring 704 is welded to the inner wall of the end of the transfer tube 302 away from the fixed ring 701. A sliding cavity is formed between the fixed ring 701 and the limiting ring 704. A circular one-way transfer slide plate 703 (with the same diameter as the inner diameter of the transfer tube 302 and made of medical-grade polytetrafluoroethylene) is adapted to be installed in the sliding cavity. The one-way transfer slide plate 703 can slide along the axis of the transfer tube 302, and the sliding stroke is the distance between the fixed ring 701 and the limiting ring 704 (3-5mm). The sliding cooperation of the one-way transfer slide plate 703 realizes the basic function of "opening when transporting and closing when stopping", avoiding the backflow of bone powder due to gravity or tissue pressure after the traditional bone graft device stops transporting. The limiting design of the sliding cavity ensures that the one-way transfer slide plate 703 will not slide excessively and cause structural jamming, improves the stability of the mechanism, and provides structural support for subsequent precise backflow prevention.

[0044] like Figure 4As shown, a circular central hole 702 (diameter 1.5-2mm) is opened in the center of the fixed ring 701. A cylindrical sealing post 706 (diameter adapted to the central hole 702 and length equal to the sliding stroke) is integrally formed on the center of the unidirectional transmission slide plate 703 near the fixed ring 701. Four passage holes 705 (diameter consistent with the guide hole 303) are evenly opened along the circumference on both the limiting ring 704 and the unidirectional transmission slide plate 703, and the axes of the passage holes 705 of both are completely aligned. The passage holes 705 of the unidirectional transmission slide plate 703 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the sealing post 706.

[0045] When bone meal is conveyed, the pressure of the bone meal pushes the unidirectional transmission slide plate 703 to move towards the limiting ring 704, the sealing column 706 disengages from the central hole 702, and the passage hole 705 is fully aligned to achieve flow.

[0046] When the bone powder delivery stops, the one-way transfer slide plate 703 moves toward the fixing ring 701 under the action of the restoring force (gravity of the bone powder and the inertia of the slide plate itself). The sealing post 706 is inserted into the central hole 702. At the same time, the passage hole 705 of the one-way transfer slide plate 703 and the passage hole 705 of the limiting ring 704 are misaligned and closed. The cooperation between the sealing post 706 and the central hole 702 forms the first seal, and the misalignment of the passage hole 705 forms the second seal. The double protection completely blocks the bone powder backflow path and prevents tissue fluid from seeping back into the storage tube 103 and contaminating the bone powder.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, an L-shaped fixing frame 104 is fixed inside the hollow cavity 102 by bolts. A cylindrical storage tube 103 (50-100ml capacity, made of medical transparent acrylic material) is fixed to the upper end of the fixing frame 104 by a buckle, which facilitates observation of the remaining amount of bone powder. A rectangular opening 105 (the size of which is adapted to the opening of the storage tube 103) is opened at the upper end of the handle 101 corresponding to the position of the storage tube 103. The opening 105 is flush with the opening of the storage tube 103, and bone powder can be added into the storage tube 103 through the opening 105. The ergonomic design of the handle 101 fits the curvature of the palm, and the force is evenly distributed when gripping, reducing hand fatigue during long-term surgery. The transparent storage tube 103 facilitates real-time observation of the remaining amount of bone powder, avoiding surgical interruption caused by temporary addition of bone powder due to insufficient bone powder during surgery. The opening 105-type addition design allows for replenishment of bone powder without disassembling parts, improving surgical efficiency.

[0048] like Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, the inner wall of the opening 105 near the storage tube 103 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 106 (one end of which extends out of the handle 101 as a pressing end). An arc-shaped extrusion plate 107 (fitting the outer wall of the storage tube 103 and with an anti-slip rubber pad attached to the inner wall) is provided inside the opening 105 on the side corresponding to the storage tube 103. Two parallel telescopic columns 108 (made of stainless steel and capable of axial extension) are welded and fixed between the rotating plate 106 and the extrusion plate 107. A return spring 109 is fitted around the outer ring of the telescopic column 108 (to keep the extrusion plate 107 away from the storage tube 103 in its natural state).

[0049] When the rotating plate 106 is pressed, the telescopic column 108 pushes the extrusion plate 107 to extrude the storage tube 103, causing the bone meal inside the tube to be pressurized and enter the transmission mechanism 2. After the rotating plate 106 is released, the return spring 109 drives the extrusion plate 107 to return to its original position, and the rotating plate 106 springs back to its initial position. The arc-shaped design and anti-slip pad of the extrusion plate 107 ensure uniform extrusion of the storage tube 103, avoiding excessive local pressure that could damage the storage tube 103. The automatic reset function of the return spring 109 makes operation easier, and the pressing pressure can be intuitively controlled. Combined with the flow control mechanism 3, it achieves dual flow control of "pressing pressure + mechanical adjustment", improving the accuracy of operation.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the transfer tube 201 is made of medical-grade stainless steel. One end is connected to the bottom of the storage tube 103 via a quick-connect coupling, and the other end extends through the side wall of the handle 101 to the outside. The extended end is welded to a tapered guide tube 203 (connected to the rotating ring 301 of the flow control mechanism 3). A ring-shaped sealing ring 202 (made of medical-grade silicone, tightly fitting the inner wall of the handle 101 and the outer wall of the transfer tube 201) is fitted at the position where the transfer tube 201 passes through the handle 101 to achieve a gap seal. The stainless steel transfer tube 201 provides a stable delivery channel, avoiding blockage caused by bone powder adhesion. The tapered guide tube 203 facilitates precise docking with the flow control mechanism 3, reducing bone powder residue. The gap seal design of the sealing ring 202 prevents bone powder from leaking from the connection between the transfer tube 201 and the handle 101, while preventing external contaminants from entering the interior of the hand mechanism 1, thus improving the cleanliness of the device.

[0051] like Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the guide platform 501 has a circular structure and is fixed to the end of the port plate 404 of the flexible guide mechanism 4. Its edges are rounded (1mm radius) to avoid scratching tissue. A miniature camera 502 (1080P resolution, 120° viewing angle) is bolted to the center of the side of the guide platform 501 away from the port plate 404. Three supplementary lights 503 (wavelength 560-580nm, adjustable brightness) are evenly distributed around the periphery of the miniature camera 502. A transmission line assembly 504 (including power and data transmission lines) is welded to the other side of the guide platform 501. The transmission line assembly 504 extends along the flexible guide mechanism 4. The guide mechanism 4 extends into the hollow cavity 102 through the gap between the external anti-backflow mechanism 6 and the inner wall of the handle 101. The end is connected to a wireless transmitter 505 (supporting 5G transmission and fixed to the inner wall of the hollow cavity 102), which can transmit the images captured by the miniature camera 502 to the external display screen in real time. The wide viewing angle of the miniature camera 502, combined with the adaptive lighting of the supplementary light 503, can clearly capture real-time images of the bone defect site, solving the problem of blind positioning that relies on touch in existing bone grafting devices. The rounded guide platform 501 improves tissue compatibility, and the built-in wiring of the transmission line group 504 avoids interference with surgical operations.

[0052] Example 1 Patient Background: A 15-year-old male patient diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (Lenke type 2A), with a thoracolumbar scoliosis angle of 50°. Conservative treatment for one year was ineffective and showed significant progression. The planned surgical approach is posterior spinal correction combined with pedicle screw fixation and interlaminar fusion. The core surgical requirements are precise bone grafting in the T6-L2 segment, avoiding nerve roots and the spinal cord with a diameter of 2-3 mm, while controlling bone loss to avoid the risks of insufficient or excessive bone grafting during the adolescent's skeletal development stage.

[0053] Surgical procedure 1. Preoperative Instrument Fitting: Based on the patient's 3D CT reconstruction data of the spine, it was determined that the T6-L2 segment had a "C"-shaped scoliosis, with an interlaminar bone graft gap width of 2-5mm. The shape memory metal mesh 402 (titanium-nickel alloy) of the flexible guide mechanism 4 of the bone graft device was manually bent in advance, so that the inner rubber tube 401 and outer rubber tube 403 formed an arc consistent with the scoliosis line. The output guide port 405 was preset to face the inner side of the interlaminar gap, ensuring structural stability and no rebound after shaping. A mixture of autologous iliac bone powder and artificial bone powder (1:1 ratio) was injected into the transparent storage tube 103 (100ml volume) of the handheld mechanism 1. Replenishment through the opening 105 did not require disassembly of any parts, and the operation took less than 1 minute.

[0054] 2. Precise Intraoperative Positioning and Anti-Backflow Deployment: After the patient is placed in a prone position under general anesthesia and the pedicle screws are fixed, the surgeon holds the ergonomic handle 101 and inserts the flexible guide mechanism 4 along the surgical incision. Real-time images transmitted by the front-end miniature camera 502 (with a supplementary light 503 adapted to the shadow environment of the surgical area, 1080P resolution) clearly identify the nerve root's course. The angle of the guide mechanism is finely adjusted so that the output guide port 405 fits the bone graft gap. The sliding sleeve 602 of the external anti-backflow mechanism 6 is pushed to the limiting bead 601 near the port plate 404, where the limiting bead 601 is embedded in the limiting groove 603 for positioning. The sealing pad 604 fits against the lamina surface, and the sealing groove 605 engages with the periosteum to form a surface seal. The three sets of negative pressure suction cups 606 are pressed to adhere to the lamina bone, completing the external anti-backflow fixation.

[0055] 3. Graded Bone Implantation and Flow Control: Pressing the rotating plate 106 of the handheld mechanism 1 drives the bone powder delivery. The exposed area of ​​the guide holes 303 is adjusted by the rotating ring 301 of the flow control mechanism 3. In the T6-T8 segment (gap width 2-3mm), the rotating ring 301 blocks 4 of the 6 guide holes 303, and the bone powder delivery speed is controlled at 0.2g / s. In the T9-L2 segment (gap width 3-5mm), the guide holes 303 are fully opened, and the delivery speed is increased to 0.9g / s. During delivery, the unidirectional transmission slide plate 703 of the internal anti-backflow mechanism 7 slides towards the limiting ring 704 under the pressure of the bone powder, and the passage hole 705 is aligned to achieve smooth delivery. When pausing for adjustment, the slide plate automatically resets, the sealing column 706 is inserted into the center hole 702 of the fixing ring 701, and the passage hole 705 is closed by misalignment, preventing bone powder backflow.

[0056] 4. Visual Verification and Finishing: The density of bone graft filling is observed in real time using a front-end miniature camera (502). Bone grafting is stopped when the image shows that the bone powder has filled to the same level as the screw caps. Immediately after the surgery, it is confirmed via video that no bone powder has spilled into the spinal canal to avoid the risk of spinal cord compression.

[0057] Example 2 Patient background: A 45-year-old female patient suffered a comminuted fracture of the left tibial plateau due to a traffic accident. Six months after open reduction and internal fixation, a follow-up examination revealed a bone defect in the lateral column of the plateau (approximately 2cm × 3cm × 1.5cm). The bone defect area was adjacent to the knee joint cavity, requiring bone grafting to repair the fracture and prevent articular surface collapse. The bone grafting was required to be precise and to avoid bone powder entering the joint cavity.

[0058] Surgical procedure 1. Instrument pre-shaping and preoperative preparation: Based on the knee MRI image, clarify the anatomical relationship between the bone defect area and the knee joint cavity (approximately 4mm from the articular surface). Bend the flexible guide mechanism 4 at a 25° angle so that the output guide port 405 faces the deep part of the bone defect and avoids the articular surface. The memory metal mesh 402 supports the inner rubber tube 401 to form a stable "elbow-shaped" channel. 60ml of autologous iliac bone granules with a particle size of 1-2mm are loaded into the storage tube 103. The transparent tube allows for real-time observation of the remaining bone granules.

[0059] 2. Surgical Area Positioning and Anti-Backflow Setup: After general anesthesia, the patient is placed in a supine position, and the bone defect area is exposed through the original surgical incision. The flexible guide mechanism 4 is inserted into the surgical area, and the boundary of the bone defect and the articular surface are clearly identified through the image of the miniature camera 502. The angle is finely adjusted so that the output guide port 405 is 4mm away from the articular surface and completely within the defect area. The sliding sleeve 602 is pushed to the proximal port plate 404 for limitation, the sealing gasket 604 conforms to the cortical bone at the edge of the bone defect, the negative pressure suction cup assembly 606 adsorbs and fixes it, and the sealing groove 605 blocks the channel for bone powder to overflow into the joint cavity.

[0060] 3. Layered Bone Grafting and Precise Control: Bone grafting begins with pressing the rotating plate 106. Initially, rotating the rotating ring 301 of the flow control mechanism 3 exposes 1 / 3 of the drainage hole 303, filling the deep defect at a speed of 0.3 g / s. After filling to 1 / 2 depth, 2 / 3 of the drainage hole 303 is opened, increasing the speed to 0.6 g / s. Near the defect surface, only 1 / 4 of the drainage hole 303 is exposed, precisely filling at a speed of 0.1 g / s to avoid excessive protrusion. Throughout the process, the unidirectional transfer slide plate 703 of the internal anti-backflow mechanism 7 effectively prevents bone particle backflow and also prevents synovial fluid from seeping into the storage tube 103 and contaminating the bone particles.

[0061] 4. Real-time monitoring and adjustment: The bone graft filling situation is observed in real time through the image of the miniature camera 502. When a filling blind spot is found in the defect corner, the angle of the flexible guide mechanism 4 is finely adjusted (using the plasticity of the memory metal mesh 402) so that the output guide port 405 is aligned with the blind spot to complete the supplementary bone grafting and ensure that there are no filling dead corners.

[0062] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention. The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all prior art, fully achievable by those skilled in the art, and require no further explanation. The scope of protection in this application does not involve improvements to the software and methods. Commonly known structures and characteristics in the solutions are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all prior art in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A bone grafting device for clinical orthopedic use, characterized in that, The device includes a handheld mechanism (1), a transmission mechanism (2) is provided through one end of the handheld mechanism (1), a flow control mechanism (3) is rotatably provided at the end of the transmission mechanism (2) away from the handheld mechanism (1), a flexible guide mechanism (4) is fixedly provided at the end of the flow control mechanism (3) away from the transmission mechanism (2), a monitoring mechanism (5) is provided at the end of the flexible guide mechanism (4) away from the flow control mechanism (3), and one end of the monitoring mechanism (5) is also provided inside the handheld mechanism (1). An external anti-backflow mechanism (6) is also slidably provided on the outer surface of the flexible guide mechanism (4), and an internal anti-backflow mechanism (7) is fixedly provided at the center of the flow control mechanism (3). The flexible guiding mechanism (4) includes an inner rubber tube (401), one end of which is located at the end of the flow control mechanism (3) away from the transmission mechanism (2). A memory metal mesh (402) is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the inner rubber tube (401), and an outer rubber tube (403) is provided on the outer surface of the memory metal mesh (402). A port plate (404) is fixedly provided at the end of the inner rubber tube (401) and the outer rubber tube (403) away from the flow control mechanism (3). An output guide port (405) is fixedly provided below the end of the inner rubber tube (401) away from the flow control mechanism (3) through the outer rubber tube (403) and the memory metal mesh (402).

2. The orthopedic clinical bone graft device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The external anti-backflow mechanism (6) includes several limiting beads (601) and a sliding sleeve (602). The several limiting beads (601) are arranged in two groups and respectively arrayed at both ends of the outer rubber tube (403) near or away from the flow control mechanism (3). The sliding sleeve (602) is slidably disposed on the outer surface of the outer rubber tube (403). The sliding sleeve (602) is provided with several limiting grooves (603) near the inner wall of the outer rubber tube (403), and the several limiting grooves (603) and the several limiting beads (601) are arranged on the same horizontal line.

3. The orthopedic clinical bone graft device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The outer surface of the sliding sleeve (602) is provided with a sealing gasket (604), and the inner wall of the sealing gasket (604) near the port plate (404) is provided with a sealing groove (605). The outer surface of the sealing gasket (604) is also provided with an array of several negative pressure suction cup groups (606).

4. The orthopedic clinical bone graft device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flow control mechanism (3) includes a rotating ring (301), which is rotatably disposed at one end of the transmission mechanism (2) away from the handheld mechanism (1). A transfer tube (302) is rotatably disposed at the end of the rotating ring (301) away from the transmission mechanism (2). A plurality of flow guide holes (303) are arranged in a semi-circular array on the side of the transfer tube (302) close to the rotating ring (301). A fixing plate (304) is disposed on the inner wall of the rotating ring (301). The fixing plate (304) is semi-circular.

5. The orthopedic clinical bone graft device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The internal anti-backflow mechanism (7) includes a fixing ring (701), which is located on the inner side of the transfer pipe (302) near the guide hole (303). A limit ring (704) is provided at the inner end of the transfer pipe (302) away from the fixing ring (701). A one-way transfer slide plate (703) is slidably arranged between the fixing ring (701) and the limit ring (704).

6. The orthopedic clinical bone graft device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed ring (701) has a central hole (702) fixedly provided at its center. The one-way transmission slide plate (703) has a sealing post (706) fixedly provided at its center on the side near the fixed ring (701). The limiting ring (704) and the one-way transmission slide plate (703) are respectively provided with a plurality of passage holes (705). The plurality of passage holes (705) on the limiting ring (704) and the plurality of passage holes (705) on the one-way transmission slide plate (703) are on the same horizontal line. The plurality of passage holes (705) on the one-way transmission slide plate (703) are respectively arrayed on one side of the sealing post (706).

7. The orthopedic clinical bone graft device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The handheld mechanism (1) includes a handle (101), a hollow cavity (102) is provided inside the handle (101), a fixed frame (104) is provided inside the hollow cavity (102), a storage tube (103) is fixedly provided at the upper end of the fixed frame (104), an opening (105) is fixedly provided at the upper end of the handle (101), and the opening (105) is also provided above the storage tube (103).

8. The orthopedic clinical bone graft device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, A rotating plate (106) is rotatably disposed on one side of the inside of the opening (105), and a pressing plate (107) is disposed on the side of the opening (105) near the inside of the storage tube (103). A telescopic column (108) is fixedly disposed between the rotating plate (106) and the pressing plate (107), and a return spring (109) is also fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the telescopic column (108).

9. The orthopedic clinical bone graft device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism (2) includes a transmission tube (201), one end of which is fixedly disposed on one side of the storage tube (103), and the other end of which passes through the handle (101) and is disposed on the outer side of the handle (101). A sealing ring (202) is provided at the end of the transmission tube (201) away from the storage tube (103), and the sealing ring (202) is disposed on the inner wall of the handle (101). A guide tube (203) is fixedly disposed at the end of the transmission tube (201) disposed on the outer side of the handle (101).

10. The orthopedic clinical bone graft device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The monitoring mechanism (5) includes a guide platform (501), which is located at the end of the flexible guide mechanism (4) away from the flow control mechanism (3). The edges of the guide platform (501) are provided with rounded grooves. A miniature camera (502) is fixedly installed at the center of the side of the guide platform (501) away from the flexible guide mechanism (4). Three supplementary lights (503) are fixedly installed in the peripheral array of the miniature camera (502). A [missing information - likely a device or structure] is fixedly installed on the side of the guide platform (501) away from the miniature camera (502). A transmission line assembly (504) is provided, with one end of the transmission line assembly (504) away from the guide table (501) passing through the external anti-backflow mechanism (6) and the hand handle (101) and disposed inside the hollow cavity (102). A wireless transmitter (505) is fixedly disposed at one end of the transmission line assembly (504) away from the guide table (501), and the wireless transmitter (505) is disposed above the transmission tube (201). The wireless transmitter (505) is also fixedly disposed at one end of the hand handle (101) away from the opening (105).

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