Cutting device for automobile bumper machining

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile bumper machining, in particular to a cutting device for automobile bumper machining, which comprises a laser cutting execution part arranged on a frame and used for carrying out multi-axis laser machining on an automobile bumper. Through a self-adaptive locking module arranged on a supporting plate, a needle head assembly 412 at the top of the self-adaptive locking module can make smooth initial contact with the inner wall of the bumper under the action of a tension spring, when a needle head is pressed downwards, the acting force of the needle head is transmitted to a partition plate below through a flexible bag, and finally a magnetic control assembly is triggered; a telescopic sleeve type trigger switch in the magnetic control assembly is automatically connected with a circuit when a partition plate reaches a preset position, an electromagnet is started to generate a magnetic field, magnetorheological fluid in a bag is instantly solidified, the state of an originally flexible and self-adaptive needle head assembly 412 is instantly locked, and therefore a rigid supporting body perfectly conformal with the curved surface of a workpiece is formed. And the problem of workpiece shaking caused by infirm fitting and vibration in the prior art is fundamentally solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive bumper processing technology, and in particular to a cutting device for automotive bumper processing. Background Technology

[0002] In the automotive parts manufacturing industry, precision machining of components with complex three-dimensional curved surfaces (such as car bumpers) is a crucial step, especially during high-energy beam cutting, drilling, or finishing processes (such as lasers). The workpiece must be stably and precisely fixed; any minute displacement or vibration can directly lead to machining defects. Existing technologies commonly employ a contour-matching-based support fixture method. Specifically, multiple support blocks are spaced apart on the machining table. The upper surfaces of these support blocks are machined into fixed arc surfaces that conform to the theoretical local curved surface of the target bumper. By placing the bumper on these support blocks, surface contact provides support and positioning.

[0003] However, this fixing method relying on a pre-set rigid contact surface has significant limitations. First, due to the inherent manufacturing tolerances and temperature-induced deformation of large injection-molded parts like car bumpers, it's difficult to achieve a perfect fit between the actual curved surface and the ideal curved surface of the support block. Effective contact often occurs only in certain areas, resulting in macroscopic "vacuum" and insufficient constraint on the workpiece. Second, during processing, the instantaneous thermal stress and mechanical vibration generated by the interaction between the high-energy beam and the material are transmitted to the workpiece. Existing surface support methods cannot effectively suppress the resulting slight workpiece wobbling. Specifically, this wobbling causes deviations in the cutting trajectory and leads to out-of-tolerance hole positions when cutting the lamp mounting holes on the bumper; it also causes quality problems such as uneven cuts or increased surface roughness when trimming the bumper edges. Furthermore, excessively pressing the workpiece to achieve better fixing results carries the risk of localized deformation or surface damage to the thin-walled bumper structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing rigid support fixture cannot adapt to the actual curved surface of the bumper and the processing vibration, resulting in unstable fixation and reduced cutting accuracy.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This invention proposes a cutting device for processing automobile bumpers, including a frame; a workpiece carrying and moving component disposed on the frame for carrying and transferring the automobile bumper; a laser cutting execution component disposed on the frame for performing multi-axis laser processing on the automobile bumper; and an adaptive locking component, which includes a plurality of adaptive locking modules disposed on the workpiece carrying and moving component; the adaptive locking module includes a housing assembly, a plurality of needle assemblies arrayed above the housing assembly, a magnetorheological fluid encapsulated within the housing assembly, and a magnetic control component for stimulating the solidification of the magnetorheological fluid; the needle assembly is configured to be independently pressed down and act on the magnetorheological fluid, and the magnetic control component is configured to be triggered when the needle assembly is pressed down to a predetermined position.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to the present invention: the workpiece carrying moving component includes a first guide rail disposed on the frame along a first direction, a first moving seat slidably engaged with the first guide rail, and a plurality of support plates spaced apart on the first moving seat, and the adaptive locking module is disposed on the support plate.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to the present invention: a groove for embedding the adaptive locking module is provided on the support plate, and the groove is located on the surface of the support plate at the contact part with the automobile bumper.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to the present invention: the laser cutting execution component includes a second guide rail disposed on the frame along a second direction, a second movable seat slidably engaged with the second guide rail, a lifting drive component disposed on the second movable seat, and a third movable seat driven by the lifting drive component and on which a laser cutting machine is mounted.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to the present invention: the third movable seat is further provided with a turntable for driving the laser cutting machine to rotate.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to the present invention: the box assembly includes a box body and a box cover, the box cover has a through hole for the needle assembly to pass through, the needle assembly includes a tapered needle, and a tension spring is provided between each tapered needle and the box cover.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to the present invention: the magnetorheological fluid is encapsulated in a flexible bag and disposed in the box body.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to the present invention: a sliding partition is provided in the box body below the flexible bag, and the partition squeezes the flexible bag to fill the upper half of the box body.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to the present invention: the magnetic control component includes an electromagnet disposed in the housing, and a trigger switch component for activating the electromagnet circuit when the partition is pressed down to a predetermined position.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to the present invention: the trigger switch assembly is a telescopic sleeve with a built-in spring and conductive contacts.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Through the adaptive locking module mounted on the support plate, the needle assembly at its top, under the action of a tension spring, can make smooth initial contact with the inner wall of the bumper. The tapered needle design ensures shallow insertion for anchoring without causing structural damage. In particular, the flexible cover design allows the entire contact surface to better conform to the curvature of the bumper's inner wall. When the needle is pressed down, its force is transmitted through the flexible pouch to the lower partition, ultimately triggering the magnetic control assembly. The telescopic sleeve-type trigger switch in the magnetic control assembly automatically connects the circuit when the partition reaches the predetermined position, activating the electromagnet to generate a magnetic field, instantly solidifying the magnetorheological fluid inside the pouch. This series of synergistic actions instantly locks the originally flexible, adaptive needle assembly, forming a rigid support that perfectly conforms to the workpiece's curved surface. This fundamentally solves the problem of workpiece wobbling caused by poor fit and vibration in existing technologies, providing extremely high positioning stability for subsequent laser cutting.

[0016] The automation of the above-mentioned fixing process is due to the mechanical triggering mechanism: the displacement of the partition serves as a direct physical signal, which directly controls the on / off state of the electromagnet circuit through the spring and conductive contact inside the telescopic sleeve. This purely mechanical triggering method does not require complex sensors or additional control commands, and is fast and reliable.

[0017] The aforementioned adaptive locking module adopts a modular design that is embedded in the groove of the support plate. This means that the module can be installed by making local modifications to the existing equipment's support structure without having to reconstruct the production line on a large scale, which greatly reduces upgrade costs and time. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 4 A diagram showing the location of the adaptive locking component on the support plate is provided. Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Framework; 2. Workpiece bearing moving component; 21. First guide rail; 22. First moving seat; 23. Support plate; 231. Groove; 3. Laser cutting actuator; 31. Second guide rail; 32. Second moving base; 33. Lifting drive; 34. Third moving base; 35. Laser cutting machine; 36. Turntable; 4. Adaptive locking component; 41. Adaptive locking module; 411. Box assembly; 4111. Box body; 4112. Box cover; 4113. Through hole; 412. Needle assembly; 4121. Conical needle; 4122. Tension spring; 413. Flexible bag; 414. Magnetorheological fluid; 415. Partition; 416. Magnetically controlled assembly; 4161. Electromagnet; 4162. Telescopic sleeve; 4163. Spring; 4164. Conductive contact. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0021] The terminology used in this invention is that which is currently widely used in the art in consideration of the function of the invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent of those skilled in the art, precedent, or new technology in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the terms used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on their meanings and the overall description of the invention.

[0022] Reference Figures 1-6This embodiment provides a cutting device for processing automobile bumpers, characterized by: a frame 1; a workpiece carrying and moving component 2 disposed on the frame 1 for carrying and transferring the automobile bumper; a laser cutting execution component 3 disposed on the frame 1 for performing multi-axis laser processing on the automobile bumper; and an adaptive locking component 4, which includes a plurality of adaptive locking modules 41 disposed on the workpiece carrying and moving component 2; the adaptive locking module 41 includes a housing assembly 411, a plurality of needle assemblies 412 arrayed above the housing assembly 411, a magnetorheological fluid 414 encapsulated within the housing assembly 411, and a magnetic control component 416 for stimulating the curing of the magnetorheological fluid 414; the needle assembly 412 is configured to be independently pressed down and act on the magnetorheological fluid 414, and the magnetic control component 416 is configured to be triggered when the needle assembly 412 is pressed down to a predetermined position.

[0023] To address the vibration and displacement issues caused by insecure fixing during laser cutting of large, thin-walled curved workpieces such as car bumpers, this device involves minor modifications to the existing support structure. These modifications enable the structure to automatically transition from flexible support to rigid locking when placing the workpiece, thus providing a stable foundation for subsequent high-precision laser processing.

[0024] Specifically, this device comprises several main parts: a frame 1 providing overall support and a mounting base; a workpiece-bearing moving component 2 responsible for carrying and transporting the workpiece into the processing area; a laser cutting execution component 3 responsible for performing the final cutting operation; and an adaptive locking component 4 ensuring the workpiece remains stable during processing. The workpiece-bearing moving component 2 is directly mounted on the frame 1 and serves as a movable platform for transferring the car bumper between the loading / unloading station and the laser processing station. The laser cutting execution component 3 is also mounted on the frame 1, typically located inside the movement path of the workpiece-bearing moving component 2, i.e., at the processing station, and is used to drive the laser cutting head to perform precise movements in three-dimensional space.

[0025] The adaptive locking component 4 consists of multiple adaptive locking modules 41 distributed on each support plate 23 of the workpiece carrying moving component 2. Each adaptive locking module 41 is an independent functional unit that can actively adapt to the local curved surface of the workpiece and implement locking. Each adaptive locking module 41 includes a housing assembly 411, which constitutes the shell and internal space of the module. Above the housing assembly 411, there is an array of multiple needle assemblies 412. These needle assemblies 412 are designed to move up and down independently and perpendicular to the plane of the support plate 23. When the car bumper is placed down, its inner wall will first contact these needles. Due to the curved surface characteristics of the bumper, the needles at different positions will be subjected to different degrees of pressure, thus independently retracting to different depths. This process allows the top contour of the needle assembly 412 to perfectly fit the local shape of the inner wall of the bumper. Inside the housing assembly 411, a magnetorheological fluid 414 is encapsulated. Its characteristic is that, in the absence of an external magnetic field, it behaves as a freely flowing liquid; however, once a sufficiently strong magnetic field is applied, its rheological properties change drastically within milliseconds, exhibiting solid-like properties. The lower end of the aforementioned needle assembly 412 retracts into the housing 4111 and embeds itself within this portion of the magnetorheological fluid 414. The magnetic control assembly 416 is a device capable of generating a strong magnetic field, such as an electromagnet 4161. It is not always on but is designed to be triggered when the needle assembly 412 is pressed down to a predetermined position. This triggering mechanism is automatic. Its working principle can be understood as follows: when a sufficient number of conical needles 4121 press down due to carrying the workpiece, generating a collective displacement or pressure on the internal mechanism that reaches a threshold, a triggering mechanism is driven, thereby automatically activating the circuit of the magnetic control assembly 416.

[0026] Specifically, during operation, the operator only needs to place the bumper on the support plate 23. The device then automatically completes the following process: the needle assembly 412 adapts to the bumper's curved surface, retracting to its corresponding depth; the collective downward movement of the needles triggers the magnetic control assembly 416 to generate a strong magnetic field; the magnetic field causes the magnetorheological fluid 414 inside the box to solidify instantly, completely locking the positions of all needle assemblies 412, transforming them from an adaptively adjustable flexible support into a rigid support that precisely matches the workpiece's curved surface. This locking effectively restricts the horizontal micro-movements most likely to occur during the cutting process; finally, the workpiece-bearing moving component 2 sends the locked workpiece into the processing area, and the laser cutting execution component 3, under the command of the control system, performs multi-axis linkage to complete a high-precision cutting operation; after processing, the magnetic field is released, the magnetorheological fluid 414 returns to its liquid state, and the conical needle 4121 returns to its initial position under the action of the reset mechanism, allowing the workpiece to be easily removed.

[0027] More specifically, the workpiece carrying moving component 2 includes a first guide rail 21 disposed on the frame 1 along the first direction, a first moving seat 22 that slides with the first guide rail 21, and a plurality of support plates 23 disposed at intervals on the first moving seat 22, and an adaptive locking module 41 disposed on the support plate 23.

[0028] The workpiece-bearing moving component 2 is a mechanism that enables the smooth transfer of the car bumper between the loading / unloading station and the laser processing station. The frame 1 serves as the foundation for the installation and movement of this component. The frame 1 employs a stable hexagonal frame structure, providing a solid mounting base for all functional components. The workpiece-bearing moving component 2 includes two parallel guide rails 21 spaced a certain distance apart on the frame 1 along a first direction (usually the longitudinal direction of the device). A first moving seat 22, supported by multiple rollers at its bottom, spans and rests on these two parallel guide rails 21. This double-guide-rail and roller design significantly increases the support area, ensuring that the first moving seat 22 can move smoothly and stably in a straight line along the guide rails when carrying a heavy bumper, effectively preventing jamming and overturning. On the upper part of the first movable seat 22, a plurality of support plates 23 are fixed at intervals. The layout of these support plates 23 is adapted to the inner wall contour of the car bumper and together they form a bearing plane. Each support plate 23 is equipped with the aforementioned adaptive locking module 41. These modules are preferably set at the key stress points where the support plate 23 is expected to contact the inner wall of the bumper.

[0029] The workflow is as follows: In the outer area of ​​frame 1, the operator places the car bumper on these support plates 23. Then, the drive mechanism (such as a servo motor-driven roller, not shown in the figure) pushes the first moving seat 22, so that it carries the bumper, which has been firmly fixed by the adaptive locking component 4, and smoothly slides into the processing area inside frame 1 along the two first guide rails 21, ready to be laser cut.

[0030] To ensure the stable installation of the adaptive locking module 41 and its effective contact with the car bumper, grooves 231 are machined on each support plate 23. These grooves 231 are precisely located at the support parts on the surface of the support plate 23 where they are expected to contact the inner wall of the car bumper. This positioning method ensures that when the bumper is placed on the support plate 23, the needle assembly 412 above the module can directly and effectively interact with the workpiece surface.

[0031] This groove 231 design eliminates the need for large-scale redesign or complete replacement of the existing support structure. In practical applications, grooves 231 of the corresponding shape and depth can be directly machined into the support plate 23, which is already widely used in existing production lines or processing equipment, by performing localized machining in its key stress areas. The adaptive locking module 41 of the present invention can then be embedded and fixed therein. This allows the present invention to be seamlessly integrated into the existing processing system with low modification costs and extremely short production line adjustment time, thereby upgrading traditional fixtures and rapidly improving the fixation stability and accuracy of existing equipment for processing complex curved surface workpieces.

[0032] More specifically, the laser cutting execution component 3 includes a second guide rail 31 disposed on the frame 1 along the second direction, a second movable seat 32 slidably engaged with the second guide rail 31, a lifting drive component 33 disposed on the second movable seat 32, and a third movable seat 34 driven by the lifting drive component 33 and on which the laser cutting machine 35 is mounted; the third movable seat 34 is also provided with a turntable 36 for driving the laser cutting machine 35 to rotate.

[0033] The laser cutting actuator 3 is a mechanism that enables the laser cutting machine 35 to be precisely positioned and moved in three-dimensional space. It includes a second guide rail 31 mounted on the frame 1 and extending along a second direction (usually perpendicular to the first direction, forming an XY motion coordinate system in the horizontal plane). The second moving seat 32 achieves linear movement along this direction through sliding engagement with the second guide rail 31. A lifting drive 33 is mounted on the second moving seat 32. The lifting drive 33 is preferably an electric screw, which provides precise drive in the vertical direction (Z-axis). The lifting drive 33 drives and connects to a third moving seat 34, which carries the laser cutting machine 35 and allows it to move up and down together with the third moving seat 34 to adjust the distance between the cutting head and the workpiece surface. To further enhance the adaptability of the laser cutting machine 35 to the complex three-dimensional curved surface of the car bumper, a turntable 36 is also integrated on the third moving seat 34. The turntable 36 can drive the laser cutting machine 35 on it to rotate around the vertical axis. The addition of this rotational degree of freedom (which can be defined as the C-axis) allows the laser cutting head to flexibly adjust its cutting angle, ensuring that the laser beam always maintains the best perpendicular posture to the surface to be cut throughout the entire cutting path, thereby ensuring the uniformity and precision of the cutting quality.

[0034] More specifically, the box assembly 411 includes a box body 4111 and a box cover 4112. The box cover 4112 has a through hole 4113 for the needle assembly 412 to pass through. The needle assembly 412 includes a conical needle 4121. A tension spring 4122 is provided between each conical needle 4121 and the box cover 4112.

[0035] The housing assembly 411 is composed of a housing 4111 and a cover 4112. The housing 4111 provides a sealed space to accommodate internal functional components, while the cover 4112 serves as a mounting base for mating with the needle assembly 412. An array of through holes 4113 are precisely machined on the cover 4112 for each needle assembly 412 to pass through. The needle assembly 412 includes several tapered needles 4121. This tapered design allows its tips to initially contact the inner wall of the car bumper with a very small contact area and pressure. As the placement process continues, under the influence of the workpiece's gravity, the tapered needles 4121 smoothly achieve a minute insertion. This design ensures accurate initial positioning while minimizing potential damage to the workpiece surface. Each conical needle 4121 is provided with a tension spring 4122 between itself and the cover 4112. The spring 4163 continuously provides an upward restoring force to the conical needle 4121. This design achieves two key functions: first, when not carrying a workpiece, it ensures that all conical needles 4121 maintain an initial protruding position for easy contact with the workpiece; second, when carrying a workpiece, it provides a compliant and controllable contact pressure, allowing the needle assembly 412 to smoothly adapt to the micro-undulations of the workpiece surface rather than a rigid impact.

[0036] In this embodiment, the cover 4112 is made of a material with good flexibility. This characteristic allows the entire cover 4112 to be pre-bent into a certain arc during installation according to actual needs, or to undergo adaptive elastic deformation under the pressure of the inner curved surface of the bumper above it. This design ensures that even when facing the inner wall of a car bumper with obvious curvature, the surface of the cover 4112 and the needle assembly 412 on it can maintain a large range of tight conformal fit with it, thereby significantly increasing the effective contact points, making the distribution of locking force more uniform and reasonable, and greatly improving the overall stability and reliability of the support and fixation.

[0037] More specifically, the magnetorheological fluid 414 is encapsulated in a flexible bag 413 and placed in a box 4111. Inside the box 4111, below the flexible bag 413, there is a sliding partition 415 that can slide up and down. The partition 415 compresses the flexible bag 413 to fill the upper half of the box 4111.

[0038] To achieve effective sealing and controllable transfer of the magnetorheological fluid 414, the magnetorheological fluid 414 is completely encapsulated in a sealed bag made of flexible material. This flexible bag 413 is placed inside the box body 4111. Inside the box body 4111, directly below the flexible bag 413, there is a partition 415 that can slide up and down along the inner wall of the box body 4111. The initial position of the partition 415 is set so that it applies an upward pre-tightening support force to the flexible bag 413 above. This pre-tightening force causes the flexible bag 413 to be moderately compressed in the initial state, thereby ensuring that the bag and the magnetorheological fluid 414 inside can fully fill the upper half of the box body 4111 and maintain a tight and sufficient contact with the lower end of the needle assembly 412 above. The flexible bag 413 fundamentally solves the problem of potential leakage of the magnetorheological fluid 414, ensuring the long-term reliability and ease of maintenance of the module; while the sliding partition 415 efficiently gathers the dispersed pressure transmitted from the upper conical needle 4121 and converts it into a downward overall displacement; finally, the pre-compression state ensures that even under the condition of small displacement of the conical needle 4121, its force can be sensitively sensed and transmitted by the partition 415, providing an accurate and consistent action basis for the subsequent triggering of the magnetic control component 416, thereby ensuring that the entire adaptive locking process is responsive, stable and reliable.

[0039] More specifically, the magnetic control assembly 416 includes an electromagnet 4161 disposed in the housing 4111, and a trigger switch assembly for activating the circuit of the electromagnet 4161 when the partition 415 is pressed down to a predetermined position. The trigger switch assembly is a telescopic sleeve 4162 with a built-in spring 4163 and a conductive contact 4164.

[0040] The magnetic control assembly 416 comprises two parts: a magnetic field generating element and a trigger switch assembly. The magnetic field generating element is preferably an electromagnet 4161, which is fixedly installed inside the housing 4111. When current passes through its coil, it can generate a strong magnetic field that penetrates the internal space of the housing 4111. The trigger switch assembly is a telescopic sleeve 4162 structure with a built-in spring 4163 and conductive contact 4164, which is installed at the bottom of the housing 4111. The telescopic sleeve 4162 includes a lower guide tube and an upper guide post. The spring 4163 is arranged in the lower guide tube below the upper guide post, and the conductive contact 4164 is arranged on the side of the upper guide post. A long strip-shaped conductive contact 4164 is also arranged above the electromagnet 4161. When it descends to a certain position, the two conductive contacts 4164 come into contact to realize the energization. The upper guide post is first fixed to the upper partition 415. The internal spring 4163 provides a certain pre-tightening resistance to ensure that the entire assembly maintains its original length and the circuit is in the open state when the predetermined pressure threshold is not reached.

[0041] Its working process is as follows: When the bumper is placed on the support plate 23, the needle assembly 412 is compressed. Because the flexible pouch 413 fills the space above the partition 415's box 4111, the descent of the needle further increases the volume within the upper box 4111, thus pushing the partition 415 downwards and increasing the entire upper box 4111 space. When the collective downward pressure on the partition 415 is sufficient to overcome the preload of the spring 4163 inside the telescopic sleeve 4162, the partition 415 will push... The retraction of the telescopic sleeve 4162 causes a mechanical displacement that directly leads to contact between the conductive contact 4164 on the telescopic sleeve 4162 and the conductive contact 4164 on the electromagnet 4161. The conductive contact 4164 on the telescopic sleeve 4162 is electrically connected to an external circuit, instantly activating the power supply circuit of the electromagnet 4161. The current conduction causes the electromagnet 4161 to immediately generate a strong magnetic field, which acts on the magnetorheological fluid 414 within the upper flexible pouch 413, causing it to solidify instantly. This mechanical triggering mechanism ensures strict synchronization between the activation of the magnetic field and the physical states of workpiece positioning and the adaptive completion of the needle assembly 412, achieving an automated "lock-in upon positioning" process. It is characterized by rapid response and high reliability. Throughout the process, no additional electronic sensors or complex control programs are required, resulting in a compact structure and strong anti-interference capabilities.

[0042] Reference Figures 1-6 The workflow, in chronological order, includes the following steps: First, the box assembly 411 is pre-installed in the grooves 231 opened on the multiple support plates 23 on the outside of the frame 1, ensuring that the needle assembly 412 on the upper surface of the box assembly 411 is exposed on the support surface. The car bumper blank to be processed is then transported to the support plate 23 on the outside of the frame 1. At this time, the device is in the initial untriggered state.

[0043] The car bumper is placed on support plate 23. Under gravity, the inner wall of the bumper contacts the needle assembly 412 at multiple support points. Since each tapered needle 4121 independently provides compliant pressure via a tension spring 4122, the tip of the tapered needle 4121 adapts to the local curvature of the bumper, and under the force of spring 4163, it slightly and "non-damagingly" pierces the surface of the bumper's inner wall. Here, "non-damaging" means that the piercing depth is strictly controlled, only sufficient to provide anti-slip resistance, without affecting the structural integrity or visible surface quality of the bumper.

[0044] As the conical needle 4121 is pressed down, its lower end pierces into the upper flexible bag 413, pushing the magnetorheological fluid 414 inside to displace and causing the bag to deform inward. The combined action of multiple conical needles 4121 expands the upper half of the box 4111 filled with the flexible bag 413, causing the lower partition 415 to descend and apply sufficient downward pressure. The partition 415 slides down against the preload of the spring 4163 in the telescopic sleeve 4162. When it descends to the predetermined stroke, the upper guide post fixed in the telescopic sleeve 4162 connects the control circuit through the conductive contact 4164. After the circuit is connected, the electromagnet 4161 set in the box 4111 is immediately activated, thereby generating a strong magnetic field in the space where the flexible bag 413 is located.

[0045] Under the influence of a magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid 414 within the flexible pouch 413 undergoes a phase change within milliseconds, rapidly transforming from a liquid to a near-solid state. Its rheological properties (such as viscosity and shear strength) increase significantly. This change instantly locks the positions of the entire needle assembly 412, the flexible pouch 413, and the partition 415, preventing any relative movement of the needles. Thus, the originally flexible, adaptive support point transforms into a rigid support unit perfectly conforming to the curved surface of the bumper's inner wall. The shallow insertion of the tapered needle 4121 into the bumper's inner wall, combined with the overall rigid locking, effectively limits any slight horizontal swaying or vibration that may occur during the cutting process.

[0046] The first moving seat 22 on the starting frame 1 is smoothly moved along the first guide rail 21 (usually defined as the X-axis) from the outer workstation of the frame 1 to the inner processing workstation. Throughout the transfer, the positional accuracy of the bumper is maintained due to multi-point rigid locking. Then, the control system coordinates and controls the following motion axes according to the preset cutting program: the second moving seat 32 moves laterally left and right along the second guide rail 31 (usually defined as the Y-axis); the electric screw drives the third moving seat 34 (usually defined as the Z-axis) for precise lifting and lowering to adjust the laser focus to the optimal processing position; the turntable 36 drives the laser cutting machine 35 to rotate (usually defined as the C-axis) to adjust the laser head's entry angle, ensuring it remains perpendicular to the surface to be cut. Under the multi-axis linkage of X, Y, Z, and C, the high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser cutting machine 35 cuts, drills holes, or trims the firmly fixed bumper along a predetermined trajectory. Because the workpiece has been effectively vibration-damped, the laser cutting process is stable, ensuring precise cuts, smooth surfaces, and no defects such as overheating or contour deviations.

[0047] After cutting, the power supply to all electromagnets 4161 is first cut off, so that all magnetic fields disappear synchronously. The magnetorheological fluid 414 in the flexible bag 413 quickly returns to a liquid state, releasing the rigid lock. The first moving seat 22 is moved back to the outer work position, and the finished bumper can be easily removed. Then, under the restoring force of the spring 4163 in the telescopic sleeve 4162, the partition 415 drives the flexible bag 413 to reset, and the needle assembly 412 automatically returns to its initial position under the action of its respective tension spring 4122, ready for the next processing cycle.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutting device for processing automobile bumpers, characterized in that: Includes the framework (1); The workpiece carrying moving part (2) is set on the frame (1) for carrying and transferring the car bumper; A laser cutting execution component (3) disposed on the frame (1) is used for multi-axis laser processing of the car bumper; and, An adaptive locking component (4) includes a plurality of adaptive locking modules (41) disposed on the workpiece carrying moving component (2); the adaptive locking module (41) includes a housing assembly (411), a plurality of needle assemblies (412) arrayed above the housing assembly (411), a magnetorheological fluid (414) encapsulated within the housing assembly (411), and a magnetocontrol component (416) for stimulating the curing of the magnetorheological fluid (414); the needle assembly (412) is configured to be independently pressed down and act on the magnetorheological fluid (414), and the magnetocontrol component (416) is configured to be triggered when the needle assembly (412) is pressed down to a predetermined position.

2. The cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece carrying moving component (2) includes a first guide rail (21) arranged on the frame (1) along a first direction, a first moving seat (22) that slides with the first guide rail (21), and a plurality of support plates (23) spaced apart on the first moving seat (22). The adaptive locking module (41) is arranged on the support plate (23).

3. The cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support plate (23) has a groove (231) for mounting the adaptive locking module (41), and the groove (231) is located on the surface of the support plate (23) at the contact point with the car bumper.

4. The cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser cutting execution component (3) includes a second guide rail (31) disposed on the frame (1) along the second direction, a second movable seat (32) slidably engaged with the second guide rail (31), a lifting drive (33) disposed on the second movable seat (32), and a third movable seat (34) driven by the lifting drive (33) and on which the laser cutting machine (35) is mounted.

5. The cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third movable seat (34) is also provided with a turntable (36) for driving the laser cutting machine (35) to rotate.

6. The cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box assembly (411) includes a box body (4111) and a box cover (4112). The box cover (4112) has a through hole (4113) for the needle assembly (412) to pass through. The needle assembly (412) includes a conical needle (4121). A tension spring (4122) is provided between each conical needle (4121) and the box cover (4112).

7. The cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to claim 6, characterized in that: The magnetorheological fluid (414) is encapsulated in a flexible bag (413) and disposed in the box (4111).

8. The cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to claim 7, characterized in that: Inside the box (4111), below the flexible bag (413), there is a sliding partition (415) that can slide up and down. The partition (415) squeezes the flexible bag (413) to fill the upper half of the box (4111).

9. The cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to claim 8, characterized in that: The magnetic control assembly (416) includes an electromagnet (4161) disposed within the housing (4111) and a trigger switch assembly for activating the circuit of the electromagnet (4161) when the partition (415) is pressed down to a predetermined position.

10. The cutting device for processing automobile bumpers according to claim 9, characterized in that: The trigger switch assembly is a telescopic sleeve (4162) with a built-in spring (4163) and conductive contact (4164).

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