Drive axle assembly, rear axle assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a drive axle assembly, a rear axle assembly and a vehicle, the drive axle assembly comprises an assembly shell, the assembly shell is provided with a containing cavity, and an oil storage pool is arranged at the bottom of the containing cavity; a part of the driving assembly is located in the containing cavity, the driving assembly comprises a driving bevel gear assembly, a driven bevel gear and a differential mechanism assembly, a part of the driving bevel gear assembly is movably connected with the assembly shell, the differential mechanism assembly is movably connected with the assembly shell, and the driven bevel gear is arranged on the differential mechanism assembly; the transverse oil baffle plate is located in the containing cavity, and the transverse oil baffle plate and the driven bevel gear are arranged in a spaced mode; and the longitudinal oil baffle plate is positioned in the accommodating cavity. The problems that in the prior art, when a new energy automobile drive axle is under the working conditions of high rotating speed and instantaneous high torque, heating of a gear and a bearing is concentrated, a lubricating oil film is prone to damage, and lubrication is insufficient are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric drive technology, and more specifically, to a drive axle assembly, a rear axle assembly, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] As the core assembly of the electric drive system, the drive axle of new energy vehicles must withstand the instantaneous high torque and high speed load of the motor output, as well as various torques and impact loads transmitted from the ground and the vehicle body. The high speed of the motor is converted into a larger wheel end torque after being reduced by the transmission system, which leads to increased contact stress on the tooth surface, easy damage to the oil film, and aggravated wear and heat generation. At the same time, the increased bearing load leads to increased contact stress and friction loss between the rolling elements and the raceway, and the large instantaneous torque fluctuation results in concentrated heat generation in the drive axle gears and bearings. Heat dissipation efficiency and lubrication reliability have become key design challenges.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a drive axle assembly, a rear axle assembly, and a vehicle to solve the problems in the prior art of insufficient lubrication caused by concentrated heat generation in gears and bearings and easy damage to the lubricating oil film in the drive axle of new energy vehicles under high speed and instantaneous high torque conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a drive axle assembly is provided, comprising: an assembly housing having a receiving cavity, the bottom of which is provided with an oil reservoir; a drive assembly, a portion of which is located within the receiving cavity, the drive assembly including: a driving bevel gear assembly, a driven bevel gear, and a differential assembly, the driving bevel gear assembly being movably connected to the assembly housing, the differential assembly being movably connected to the assembly housing, and the driven bevel gear being disposed on the differential assembly; and a lateral oil baffle located within the receiving cavity, one end of which is connected to the inner side of the assembly housing, the lateral oil baffle extending axially along the driving bevel gear assembly, the lateral oil baffle being located on one side of the driven bevel gear, and the lateral oil baffle being disposed with respect to the driven bevel gear. The lubricating oil is positioned at a distance from the differential assembly. A longitudinal oil baffle is located within the receiving cavity, with one end connected to the inner side of the assembly housing. The longitudinal oil baffle extends axially along the differential assembly. A driven bevel gear is located between the longitudinal oil baffle and the transverse oil baffle. The projection of the longitudinal oil baffle on the bottom of the assembly housing and the projection of the transverse oil baffle on the bottom of the assembly housing are positioned at a preset angle. The driving bevel gear assembly is controlled to rotate in a preset direction so that the lubricating oil in the receiving cavity flows along at least one outer surface of the driving bevel gear assembly, the driven bevel gear, and the differential assembly to at least one outer surface of the longitudinal oil baffle and the transverse oil baffle, and the lubricating oil flows along at least one surface of the longitudinal oil baffle and the transverse oil baffle to the oil reservoir.

[0006] Furthermore, the drive axle assembly also includes an oil temperature sensor, part of which is located within a housing cavity. The oil temperature sensor is connected to the assembly housing and is used to detect the temperature of the lubricating oil.

[0007] Further, the assembly housing includes: a front housing assembly having a front housing receiving cavity, a longitudinal oil baffle connected to the inner side of the front housing assembly, a portion of a transverse oil baffle connected to the inner side of the front housing assembly, and a portion of a driving bevel gear assembly, a portion of a driven bevel gear, and a portion of a differential assembly located within the front housing receiving cavity; and a rear housing assembly having a rear housing receiving cavity, with another portion of the driven bevel gear and another portion of the differential assembly located within the rear housing receiving cavity, and another portion of a transverse oil baffle connected to the inner side of the rear housing assembly; wherein the front housing receiving cavity and the rear housing receiving cavity enclose a receiving cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the lateral oil baffle includes: a first lateral oil baffle unit located at the bottom of the front housing cavity, one end of which is connected to the inner side of the front housing assembly; and a second lateral oil baffle unit located within the rear housing cavity, extending along the rear housing assembly; the first lateral oil baffle unit and the second lateral oil baffle unit together form the lateral oil baffle.

[0009] Furthermore, the front housing assembly includes: a front housing body, the front housing body having a front housing receiving cavity, a longitudinal oil baffle connected to the inner side of the front housing body, an external cooling rib on the outer side of the front housing body, an internal cooling rib on the inner side of the front housing body, a portion of the internal cooling rib being located within an oil reservoir, the external cooling rib and the internal cooling rib being arranged parallel to each other, and the internal cooling rib being located on one side of the first transverse oil baffle unit.

[0010] Further, the external cooling ribs of the front shell include: upper cooling ribs, comprising multiple upper cooling ribs located above the front shell body, spaced apart along the width direction of the front shell body, and connected to the front shell body respectively; lower cooling ribs, spaced apart from the upper cooling ribs, comprising multiple lower cooling ribs located below the front shell body, spaced apart along the width direction of the front shell body, and connected to the front shell body; and / or; the internal cooling ribs of the front shell include: a first internal cooling rib. The first internal heat dissipation rib is disposed at the bottom of the front shell receiving cavity and is located on one side of the first transverse oil baffle unit. The first internal heat dissipation rib includes multiple ribs, which are spaced apart along the width direction of the front shell body. The second internal heat dissipation rib is disposed at a distance from the first internal heat dissipation rib and is disposed at the bottom of the front shell receiving cavity. The second internal heat dissipation rib is located on the other side of the first transverse oil baffle unit. The second internal heat dissipation rib includes multiple ribs, which are spaced apart along the width direction of the front shell body. The first and second internal heat dissipation ribs are disposed adjacent to the lower heat dissipation rib of the front shell.

[0011] Furthermore, a top lubrication channel is provided within the front housing body, extending along the inner side of the front housing body and located above the drive bevel gear assembly. The top lubrication channel is connected to the front housing cavity, with one end adjacent to a longitudinal oil baffle. A main gear bearing oil baffle is provided within the front housing body, located between the inner and outer bearings of the drive bevel gear assembly. A portion of the front housing body and the main gear bearing oil baffle form a main gear bearing oil reservoir, and the top lubrication channel is connected to the main gear bearing oil reservoir. The drive bevel gear assembly is controlled to rotate in a preset direction, causing lubricating oil to flow along at least one outer surface of the drive bevel gear assembly, driven bevel gear, and differential assembly into the top lubrication channel, and also to flow along the top lubrication channel into the main gear bearing oil reservoir.

[0012] Furthermore, the top lubrication channel includes: a first channel, one end of which is arranged with its width gradually decreasing along the inner side of the front housing body, and a channel oil baffle is provided at one end of the first channel, which is arranged adjacent to the differential assembly and extends toward the geometric center of the first channel; and a second channel, one end of which is connected to the other end of the first channel, and the other end of the first channel is connected to the main gear bearing oil reservoir.

[0013] Furthermore, a side lubrication channel is provided in the front housing body. One end of the side lubrication channel is connected to the front housing cavity. The side lubrication channel is located on one side of the driven bevel gear, and the other end of the side lubrication channel extends to the corresponding position of the outer bearing of the driving bevel gear assembly. The driving bevel gear assembly is controlled to rotate in a preset direction so that lubricating oil flows along at least one outer surface of the driving bevel gear assembly, the driven bevel gear, and the differential assembly into the side lubrication channel.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a rear axle assembly is provided, including a drive axle assembly, the drive axle assembly being the drive axle assembly described above.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, including a rear axle assembly, the rear axle assembly being the aforementioned rear axle assembly.

[0016] By applying the technical solution of this invention, a special heat dissipation and lubrication structure composed of an assembly housing, a drive assembly, and transverse and longitudinal oil baffles is used to achieve efficient lubrication and rapid cooling of the motor under high speed and high torque conditions. Combined with real-time oil temperature monitoring and dynamic adjustment of motor output characteristics, it balances power performance with heat dissipation and lubrication reliability. It forms a synergistic protection with the motor controller, effectively ensuring the stable operation of bearings and gear mechanisms under high frequency and high load conditions. This solves the problem in the prior art of insufficient lubrication caused by concentrated heat generation in gears and bearings and easy damage to the lubricating oil film in new energy vehicle drive axles under high speed and instantaneous high torque conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 Axonometric view of the first embodiment of the drive axle assembly of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Partial isometric view of the first embodiment of the drive axle assembly described in this invention;

[0020] Figure 3 Partial isometric view of the second embodiment of the drive axle assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 Axonometric view of the first embodiment of the drive axle assembly housing according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 Axonometric view of the first embodiment of the front housing assembly in the drive axle assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6Axonometric view of the first embodiment of the rear housing assembly in the drive axle assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 Axonometric view of the second embodiment of the rear housing assembly in the drive axle assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 The drive axle assembly described in this invention Figure 5 Cross-sectional view at point A;

[0026] Figure 9 The drive axle assembly described in this invention Figure 5 Cross-sectional view at point B;

[0027] Figure 10 Axonometric view of the second embodiment of the front housing assembly in the drive axle assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 Axonometric view of the third embodiment of the front housing assembly in the drive axle assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 Axonometric view of the fourth embodiment of the front housing assembly in the drive axle assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 13 Axonometric view of the fifth embodiment of the front housing assembly in the drive axle assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 14 Axonometric view of the rear axle assembly described in this invention.

[0032] Among them, 10. Rear housing assembly; 101. Rear housing external heat dissipation fin; 102. Rear housing body; 103. Ventilation structure; 20. Front housing assembly; 201. Front housing body; 202. Upper heat dissipation fin of the front housing; 203. Lower heat dissipation fin of the front housing; 204. First internal heat dissipation fin; 205. Side lubrication channel; 206. First channel; 207. Main gear bearing oil reservoir; 208. Second channel; 209. Oil passage hole; 210. Main gear bearing oil baffle; 211. Second differential oil seal hole; 212. Second differential bearing oil return channel; 213. Second internal heat dissipation fin; 214. First differential... 215. Oil reservoir; 216. First differential oil seal hole; 217. Channel oil baffle; 30. Driven bevel gear assembly; 301. Inner bearing; 302. Outer bearing; 40. Driven bevel gear; 50. Differential assembly; 60. Lateral oil baffle; 601. First lateral oil baffle unit; 602. Second lateral oil baffle unit; 70. Longitudinal oil baffle; 701. First longitudinal oil baffle unit; 702. Second longitudinal oil baffle unit; 90. Oil temperature sensor; 801. Drive shaft; 802. Rear subframe; 803. First rear drive shaft; 804. Second rear drive shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0036] Exemplary embodiments according to this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application is thorough and complete, and that the concept of these exemplary embodiments is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to denote the same devices, and therefore their description will be omitted.

[0037] As the core load-bearing and transmission assembly of the electric drive system, the drive axle of new energy vehicles operates in a complex environment and is subjected to harsh stress conditions. It must withstand multiple loads simultaneously: on the one hand, it must directly bear the instantaneous high torque and high speed load output by the motor. This torque has the characteristics of rapid response and prominent peak value, which puts extremely high requirements on the structural strength and transmission stability of the drive axle; on the other hand, it must also resist the longitudinal and lateral torques and impact loads transmitted by ground bumps, steering operations and vehicle weight. The randomness and suddenness of these loads further exacerbate the stress complexity of the drive axle components.

[0038] During power transmission, the high speed output of the motor needs to be reduced and increased in torque through the internal transmission system of the drive axle (such as gear sets) to meet the wheel-end torque requirements of the vehicle. However, this process will cause a significant increase in the contact stress on the tooth surface of the gear pair. Excessive contact stress can easily damage the lubricating oil film between the tooth surfaces, causing dry friction or boundary friction on the tooth surfaces, which will further aggravate the risk of failure such as tooth surface wear and scuffing. At the same time, the increase in friction loss will cause the internal temperature of the gearbox to rise rapidly. Meanwhile, the load transmission caused by the increase in wheel-end torque will significantly increase the load on the drive axle bearings, resulting in a sharp increase in the contact stress between the rolling elements and raceways of the bearings, and a synchronous increase in rolling friction loss, which will further aggravate the heating of the bearings.

[0039] Furthermore, the torque output characteristics of electric motors in new energy vehicles necessitate that the drive axle frequently handle instantaneous torque fluctuations. These fluctuations increase the frequency of load impacts during gear meshing and bearing operation, causing heat to concentrate in critical transmission components such as gears and bearings. However, the compact internal space and high sealing requirements of the drive axle make it difficult for heat to dissipate quickly, resulting in insufficient heat dissipation efficiency. The combined effect of these factors makes low heat dissipation efficiency and insufficient lubrication reliability core technical challenges that must be overcome in the design of drive axles for new energy vehicles. Failure to effectively address these issues will directly impact the transmission efficiency, service life, and operational stability of the drive axle, thereby restricting the overall vehicle power performance and driving safety of new energy vehicles.

[0040] This application provides a drive axle assembly, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 11As shown, it includes: an assembly housing having a receiving cavity with an oil reservoir 215 at the bottom; a drive assembly, a portion of which is located within the receiving cavity, the drive assembly including: a driving bevel gear assembly 30, a driven bevel gear 40, and a differential assembly 50, a portion of which is movably connected to the assembly housing, the differential assembly 50 is movably connected to the assembly housing, and the driven bevel gear 40 is mounted on the differential assembly 50; a transverse oil baffle 60 located within the receiving cavity, one end of which is connected to the inner side of the assembly housing, the transverse oil baffle 60 extending axially along the driving bevel gear assembly 30, the transverse oil baffle 60 being located on one side of the driven bevel gear 40, and the transverse oil baffle 60 being positioned at a distance from the driven bevel gear 40; and a longitudinal oil baffle 70. The longitudinal oil baffle 70 is located within the receiving cavity. One end of the longitudinal oil baffle 70 is connected to the inner side of the assembly housing. The longitudinal oil baffle 70 extends axially along the differential assembly 50. The driven bevel gear 40 is located between the longitudinal oil baffle 70 and the transverse oil baffle 60. The projection of the longitudinal oil baffle 70 on the bottom of the assembly housing and the projection of the transverse oil baffle 60 on the bottom of the assembly housing are set at a preset angle. The driving bevel gear assembly 30 is controlled to rotate in a preset direction so that the lubricating oil in the receiving cavity flows along at least one outer surface of the driving bevel gear assembly 30, the driven bevel gear 40 and the differential assembly 50 to at least one outer surface of the longitudinal oil baffle 70 and the transverse oil baffle 60, and the lubricating oil flows along at least one surface of the longitudinal oil baffle 70 and the transverse oil baffle 60 to the oil reservoir 215.

[0041] By applying the technical solution of this invention, a special heat dissipation and lubrication structure composed of the assembly housing, drive assembly, and transverse oil baffle 60 and longitudinal oil baffle 70 is used to achieve efficient lubrication and rapid cooling under high speed and high torque conditions of the motor. Combined with real-time oil temperature monitoring and dynamic adjustment of motor output characteristics, it balances power performance with heat dissipation and lubrication reliability, and forms a synergistic protection with the motor controller. It effectively ensures the stable operation of bearings and gear mechanisms under high frequency and high load conditions, and solves the problem of concentrated heat generation in gears and bearings and easy damage to the lubricating oil film leading to insufficient lubrication in the drive axle of new energy vehicles under high speed and instantaneous high torque conditions in the prior art.

[0042] like Figure 6 As shown, the drive axle assembly also includes an oil temperature sensor 90. A portion of the oil temperature sensor 90 is located within a housing cavity and is connected to the assembly housing. The oil temperature sensor is used to detect the lubricating oil temperature. It can accurately detect the lubricating oil temperature in real time, promptly report oil temperature changes, and prevent excessive oil temperature from damaging the oil film and accelerating gear and bearing wear, effectively ensuring lubrication reliability. Simultaneously, it provides precise data support for heat dissipation control, reduces the risk of component failure caused by concentrated heat, extends the service life of key drive axle components, and improves the overall stability and safety of the assembly.

[0043] Further, the assembly housing includes: a front housing assembly 20 having a front housing receiving cavity, a longitudinal oil baffle 70 connected to the inner side of the front housing assembly 20, a portion of a transverse oil baffle 60 connected to the inner side of the front housing assembly 20, a portion of a driving bevel gear assembly 30, a portion of a driven bevel gear 40, and a portion of a differential assembly 50 located within the front housing receiving cavity; and a rear housing assembly 10 having a rear housing receiving cavity, another portion of the driven bevel gear 40 and another portion of the differential assembly 50 located within the rear housing receiving cavity, and another portion of the transverse oil baffle 60 connected to the inner side of the rear housing assembly 10; wherein the front housing receiving cavity and the rear housing receiving cavity enclose a receiving cavity.

[0044] In this embodiment, the front housing assembly 20 and the rear housing assembly 10 are spliced ​​together to form a receiving cavity. The split structure facilitates the assembly and subsequent maintenance of the driving bevel gear assembly 30, the driven bevel gear 40, and the differential assembly 50. The inner side of the front housing assembly 20 is connected to the longitudinal oil baffle 70 and part of the transverse oil baffle 60, and the inner side of the rear housing assembly 10 is connected to another part of the transverse oil baffle 60. This optimizes the lubricating oil flow path and reduces splash loss. The reasonable layout of each transmission component in the front and rear housing receiving cavities makes the assembly structure compact and the stress even, improves the structural strength and space utilization, effectively ensures the lubrication reliability of gears and bearings, reduces wear and heat concentration problems, extends the service life of the drive axle assembly, and improves working stability and safety.

[0045] In one exemplary embodiment, the oil temperature sensor 90 is connected to the outside of the rear housing assembly 10 to collect the lubricating oil temperature inside the drive axle housing in real time and transmit the temperature signal to the motor controller. The motor controller dynamically adjusts the motor output torque and speed according to the preset temperature threshold and operating conditions, forming a closed-loop control of "temperature monitoring-feedback adjustment-protection execution" to ensure that the drive axle works stably under critical lubrication and heat dissipation conditions.

[0046] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the transverse oil baffle 60 includes: a first transverse oil baffle unit 601, which is located at the bottom of the front housing cavity and one end of the first transverse oil baffle unit 601 is connected to the inner side of the front housing assembly 20; and a second transverse oil baffle unit 602, which is located in the rear housing cavity and extends along the rear housing assembly 10; the first transverse oil baffle unit 601 and the second transverse oil baffle unit 602 constitute the transverse oil baffle 60.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first transverse oil baffle unit 601 is located at the bottom of the front housing cavity and one end is connected to the inside of the front housing assembly 20. The second transverse oil baffle unit 602 is located in the rear housing cavity and extends along the rear housing assembly 10. The two together form the transverse oil baffle 60, which can effectively collect lubricating oil at the bottom of the cavity, optimize the flow path of lubricating oil, reduce lubricating oil splash loss during transmission, ensure sufficient lubrication of key components such as the driving bevel gear assembly 30, the driven bevel gear 40, and the differential assembly 50, improve lubrication reliability, and adapt to the split assembly housing structure for easy assembly and maintenance, reduce component wear and heat concentration problems, extend the service life of the drive axle assembly, and improve working stability.

[0048] In one exemplary embodiment, the rear housing assembly 10 includes: a rear housing body 102 having a rear housing receiving cavity; a second transverse oil baffle unit 602 extending along the inner side of the rear housing body 102; an external rear housing heat dissipation rib 101 disposed on the lower outer side of the rear housing body 102; and a ventilation structure 103 disposed on the inner side of the rear housing body 102 for balancing the internal pressure of the housing under high speed. The external rear housing heat dissipation rib 101 is composed of 12 vertical ribs and 9 horizontal ribs to increase the contact area with airflow near the motor.

[0049] like Figures 9-13 As shown, the front housing assembly 20 includes: a front housing body 201, the front housing body 201 having a front housing receiving cavity, a longitudinal oil baffle 70 connected to the inner side of the front housing body 201, an external cooling rib on the outer side of the front housing body 201, an internal cooling rib on the inner side of the front housing body 201, a portion of the internal cooling rib being located within the oil reservoir 215, the external cooling rib and the internal cooling rib being arranged parallel to each other, and the internal cooling rib being located on one side of the first transverse oil baffle unit 601.

[0050] In this embodiment, the front housing body 201 has a front housing receiving cavity and is connected to the longitudinal oil baffle 70 on the inner side. The outer side is provided with external cooling fins and the inner side is provided with internal cooling fins. Some of the internal cooling fins are located in the oil reservoir 215 and are arranged parallel to the external cooling fins. At the same time, the internal cooling fins are located on one side of the first transverse oil baffle unit 601. The parallel arrangement of the inner and outer cooling fins greatly increases the heat dissipation area and improves the heat exchange efficiency. The internal cooling fins in the oil reservoir 215 can directly reduce the lubricating oil temperature. In conjunction with the longitudinal oil baffle 70 and the first transverse oil baffle unit 601, the flow path of the lubricating oil is optimized, splashing loss is reduced, and sufficient lubrication of key components is ensured. The structural design of the front housing body 201 takes into account both strength and sealing, improves the heat dissipation efficiency and lubrication reliability of the drive axle assembly, reduces component wear and heat concentration, and extends service life and working stability.

[0051] In one exemplary embodiment, the longitudinal oil baffle 70 includes a first longitudinal oil baffle unit 701 and a second longitudinal oil baffle unit 702, the angle of which is optimized for the direction of lubricating oil splashing at high motor speeds. The lubricating oil stirred up by the driving bevel gear assembly 30 and the driven bevel gear 40 enters the first differential oil seal hole 216 and the second differential oil seal hole 211 respectively through the first longitudinal oil baffle unit 701 and the second longitudinal oil baffle unit 702, and flows back to the oil reservoir 215 through the first differential bearing oil return channel 214 and the second differential bearing oil return channel 212 respectively, completing the circulation of lubricating oil.

[0052] Furthermore, the external heat dissipation ribs of the front shell include: upper heat dissipation ribs 202, which include multiple upper heat dissipation ribs 202, which are located above the front shell body 201 and are spaced apart along the width direction of the front shell body 201, and are respectively connected to the front shell body 201; and lower heat dissipation ribs 203, which are spaced apart from the upper heat dissipation ribs 202, which include multiple lower heat dissipation ribs 203, which are located below the front shell body 201 and are spaced apart along the width direction of the front shell body 201, and are connected to the front shell body 201.

[0053] In this embodiment, there are multiple upper cooling ribs 202 on the front housing, located above the front housing body 201 and connected at intervals along its width. There are multiple lower cooling ribs 203 on the front housing, located below the front housing body 201, spaced apart from the upper cooling ribs 202 and connected to the front housing body 201 along its width. The symmetrical and spaced cooling ribs significantly increase the external heat dissipation area of ​​the front housing body 201, making the heat distribution more uniform. At the same time, the optimized airflow path improves the heat exchange efficiency. Combined with the internal cooling ribs of the front housing, the heat dissipation effect of the drive axle assembly is further enhanced, effectively reducing the lubricating oil temperature and component operating temperature, reducing the risk of oil film damage and wear, improving lubrication reliability and assembly working stability, and extending service life.

[0054] In this embodiment, the internal heat dissipation ribs of the front shell include: a first internal heat dissipation rib 204, which is disposed at the bottom of the front shell receiving cavity and located on one side of the first transverse oil baffle unit 601. Multiple first internal heat dissipation ribs 204 are spaced apart along the width direction of the front shell body 201; and a second internal heat dissipation rib 213, which is disposed at a distance from the first internal heat dissipation ribs 204 and the second internal heat dissipation rib 213, which is disposed at the bottom of the front shell receiving cavity and located on the other side of the first transverse oil baffle unit 601. Multiple second internal heat dissipation ribs 213 are also included, and multiple first internal heat dissipation ribs 204 are spaced apart along the width direction of the front shell body 201. The first internal heat dissipation ribs 204 and the second internal heat dissipation ribs 213 are disposed adjacent to the lower heat dissipation rib 203 of the front shell.

[0055] In this embodiment, multiple first internal heat dissipation fins 204 are spaced apart along the width direction of the front housing body 201 at the bottom of the front housing cavity and located on one side of the first transverse oil baffle unit 601. Multiple second internal heat dissipation fins 213 are spaced apart along the width direction of the front housing body 201 at the bottom of the front housing cavity, maintaining a distance from the first internal heat dissipation fins 204 and located on the other side of the first transverse oil baffle unit 601. Both are arranged adjacent to the lower heat dissipation fins 203 of the front housing, significantly increasing the heat dissipation area inside the front housing cavity and forming a collaborative internal and external heat dissipation structure, improving heat conduction and heat exchange efficiency, and directly cooling the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 215. In conjunction with the first transverse oil baffle unit 601, the oil flow path is optimized, making heat dissipation more uniform and avoiding excessively high local oil temperatures. At the same time, it does not affect the lubricating oil circulation supply, ensuring sufficient lubrication for key components such as the active bevel gear assembly 30, reducing the risk of oil film damage and wear, improving the heat dissipation reliability and working stability of the drive axle assembly, and extending its service life.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment, the first internal heat dissipation fin 204, the second internal heat dissipation fin 213, and the first transverse oil baffle unit 601 are respectively provided with oil passage holes 209. The oil passage holes 209 are located in the oil storage tank 215, and the bottom of the oil storage tank 215 is provided with an oil drain hole.

[0057] Furthermore, a top lubrication channel is provided inside the front housing body 201. The top lubrication channel extends along the inner side of the front housing body 201 and is located above the active bevel gear assembly 30. The top lubrication channel is connected to the front housing cavity. One end of the top lubrication channel is adjacent to the longitudinal oil baffle 70. A main gear bearing oil baffle 210 is provided inside the front housing body 201. The main gear bearing oil baffle 210 is located between the inner bearing 301 and the outer bearing 302 of the active bevel gear assembly 30. A portion of the front housing body 201 and the main gear bearing oil baffle 210 form a main gear bearing oil reservoir 207. The top lubrication channel is connected to the main gear bearing oil reservoir 207. The active bevel gear assembly 30 is controlled to rotate in a preset direction so that lubricating oil flows along at least one outer surface of the active bevel gear assembly 30, the driven bevel gear 40, and the differential assembly 50 into the top lubrication channel, and the lubricating oil flows along the top lubrication channel into the main gear bearing oil reservoir 207.

[0058] In this embodiment, the top lubrication channel inside the front housing body 201 extends along its inner side above the drive bevel gear assembly 30 and communicates with the front housing cavity. One end of the channel is adjacent to the longitudinal oil baffle 70. The main gear bearing oil baffle 210 is located between the inner bearing 301 and the outer bearing 302 of the drive bevel gear assembly 30, forming a main gear bearing oil reservoir 207 with part of the front housing body 201. The top lubrication channel communicates with this oil reservoir. By rotating the drive bevel gear assembly 30 in a preset direction, the lubricating oil can be driven to flow along at least one outer surface of the drive bevel gear assembly 30, the driven bevel gear 40, and the differential assembly 50 to the top lubrication channel, and then flow into the main gear bearing oil reservoir 207 through the channel, realizing the circulation and replenishment of lubricating oil. This ensures sufficient lubrication for each transmission component and the inner bearing 301 and outer bearing 302, while also retaining lubricating oil to reduce lubrication loss and prevent the components from aggravating wear due to lack of lubrication. At the same time, the circulating oil can help remove heat from the components, improve lubrication reliability, extend the service life of key components of the drive axle assembly, and ensure its stable operation.

[0059] In this embodiment, the top lubrication channel includes: a first channel 206, one end of which is arranged with its width gradually decreasing along the inner side of the front housing body 201 in the length direction, and a channel oil baffle 217 is provided at one end of the first channel 206. The channel oil baffle 217 is arranged adjacent to the differential assembly 50 and extends towards the geometric center of the first channel 206; and a second channel 208, one end of which is connected to the other end of the first channel 206, and the other end of the first channel 206 is connected to the main gear bearing oil reservoir 207.

[0060] In this embodiment, the width of the first channel 206 gradually decreases along the inner side of the front housing body 201 in the length direction. The channel oil baffle 217 is located at one end of the first channel 206 and is adjacent to the differential assembly 50, extending towards the geometric center of the first channel 206. It can efficiently collect the lubricating oil flowing along the outer surface of the driving bevel gear assembly 30, driven bevel gear 40, and differential assembly 50, preventing oil loss. The second channel 208 connects the other end of the first channel 206 to the main gear bearing oil reservoir 207, so that the collected lubricating oil is accurately delivered to the inner bearing 301 and the outer bearing 302, ensuring continuous and sufficient bearing lubrication, optimizing the oil flow path to reduce loss, stabilizing the oil film to reduce frictional heat generation, reducing the risk of bearing wear and failure, improving the lubrication reliability and working stability of the drive axle assembly, and extending its service life.

[0061] Specifically, a side lubrication channel 205 is provided inside the front housing body 201. One end of the side lubrication channel 205 is connected to the front housing cavity. The side lubrication channel 205 is located on one side of the driven bevel gear 40, and the other end of the side lubrication channel 205 extends to the corresponding position of the outer bearing 302 of the driving bevel gear assembly 30. The driving bevel gear assembly 30 is controlled to rotate in a preset direction so that lubricating oil flows along at least one outer surface of the driving bevel gear assembly 30, the driven bevel gear 40, and the differential assembly 50 into the side lubrication channel 205.

[0062] In this embodiment, one end of the side lubrication channel 205 inside the front housing body 201 is connected to the front housing cavity and located on one side of the driven bevel gear 40, while the other end extends to the corresponding position of the outer bearing 302 of the driving bevel gear assembly 30. The rotation of the driving bevel gear assembly 30 can drive lubricating oil to flow into the side lubrication channel 205 along at least one outer surface of the driven bevel gear 40 and the differential assembly 50. This can accurately replenish the lubricating oil to the outer bearing 302, ensuring sufficient lubrication of the bearing and avoiding increased wear caused by dry friction. The lubricating oil can circulate autonomously by the rotation of the components without the need for an additional drive structure. The oil flow path is optimized to reduce losses, and the oil film is stabilized to reduce frictional heat generation. In conjunction with the top lubrication channel, the lubrication coverage and reliability of the drive axle assembly are further improved, the service life of key components is extended, and the working stability is enhanced.

[0063] According to another specific embodiment of this application, a rear axle assembly is also provided, including a drive axle assembly, the drive axle assembly being the drive axle assembly described above.

[0064] Applying the technical solution of this invention, the rear axle assembly includes the aforementioned drive axle assembly. The split structure of the front housing assembly 20 and the rear housing assembly 10 facilitates assembly and subsequent maintenance. The first transverse oil baffle unit 601, the second transverse oil baffle unit 602, and the longitudinal oil baffle 70 optimize the lubricating oil flow path to reduce splashing losses. The external and internal heat dissipation fins of the front housing improve heat exchange efficiency. The top lubrication channel and the side lubrication channel 205, in conjunction with the rotation of the active bevel gear assembly 30, achieve precise circulation and supply of lubricating oil. The main gear bearing oil reservoir 207, enclosed by the main gear bearing oil baffle 210, ensures sufficient lubrication for the inner bearing 301 and the outer bearing 302. The oil temperature sensor 90 monitors the lubricating oil temperature in real time and provides data support for heat dissipation control. The synergistic effect of these multiple structures significantly improves the lubrication reliability and heat dissipation efficiency of the rear axle assembly, effectively reducing wear and heat concentration problems in key components such as gears and bearings, lowering the risk of failure, extending service life, and enhancing operational stability and safety. This fully meets the high-efficiency and durable usage requirements of new energy vehicles for the rear axle assembly.

[0065] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 14 As shown, the rear axle assembly includes: a drive axle assembly, a rear subframe 802, a first rear drive shaft 803, a second rear drive shaft 804, and a drive shaft 801. The specific assembly configuration of the drive axle assembly, the rear subframe 802, the first rear drive shaft 803, the second rear drive shaft 804, and the drive shaft 801 is common knowledge to those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0066] According to another specific embodiment of this application, a vehicle is also provided, including a rear axle assembly, the rear axle assembly being the aforementioned rear axle assembly.

[0067] Applying the technical solution of this invention, the vehicle is equipped with the aforementioned rear axle assembly. The drive axle assembly of this rear axle assembly achieves convenient assembly and maintenance through the split structure of the front housing assembly 20 and the rear housing assembly 10. The first lateral oil baffle unit 601, the second lateral oil baffle unit 602, and the longitudinal oil baffle 70 optimize the lubricating oil flow path and reduce splash loss. The external and internal heat dissipation fins of the front housing work together to improve heat exchange efficiency. The top lubrication channel and the side lubrication channel 205 cooperate with the rotation of the active bevel gear assembly 30 to achieve precise circulating oil supply. The main gear bearing oil reservoir 207 ensures sufficient lubrication for the inner bearing 301 and the outer bearing 302. The oil temperature sensor 90 monitors the lubricating oil temperature in real time and supports heat dissipation regulation. The multi-structure collaboration significantly improves the lubrication reliability and heat dissipation efficiency of the vehicle's rear axle, effectively reduces wear and heat concentration problems of key components such as gears and bearings, reduces the risk of failure, extends the service life of the core assembly of the vehicle, makes the vehicle's power output more stable, energy consumption more economical, and significantly improves driving safety and durability, fully adapting to the high-efficiency driving needs of new energy vehicles.

[0068] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0069] In addition to the above, it should be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "another embodiment," and "embodiment" used in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment, which are included in at least one embodiment described in the general description of this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, the intention is to suggest that implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of this invention.

[0070] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0071] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drive axle assembly, characterized in that, include: The assembly housing has a receiving cavity, and an oil reservoir (215) is provided at the bottom of the receiving cavity. A drive assembly, a portion of which is located within the receiving cavity, the drive assembly including: a drive bevel gear assembly (30), a driven bevel gear (40), and a differential assembly (50), a portion of which is movably connected to the assembly housing, the differential assembly (50) being movably connected to the assembly housing, and the driven bevel gear (40) being disposed on the differential assembly (50); A transverse oil baffle (60) is located within the receiving cavity. One end of the transverse oil baffle (60) is connected to the inner side of the assembly housing. The transverse oil baffle (60) extends axially along the driving bevel gear assembly (30). The transverse oil baffle (60) is located on one side of the driven bevel gear (40). The transverse oil baffle (60) and the driven bevel gear (40) are arranged at a distance. A longitudinal oil baffle (70) is located within the receiving cavity. One end of the longitudinal oil baffle (70) is connected to the inner side of the assembly housing. The longitudinal oil baffle (70) extends axially along the differential assembly (50). The driven bevel gear (40) is located between the longitudinal oil baffle (70) and the transverse oil baffle (60). The projection of the longitudinal oil baffle (70) on the bottom of the assembly housing and the projection of the transverse oil baffle (60) on the bottom of the assembly housing are arranged at a preset angle. The active bevel gear assembly (30) is controlled to rotate in a preset direction so that the lubricating oil in the receiving cavity flows along at least one of the outer surfaces of the active bevel gear assembly (30), the driven bevel gear (40) and the differential assembly (50) to at least one of the outer surfaces of the longitudinal oil baffle (70) and the transverse oil baffle (60), and the lubricating oil flows along at least one of the surfaces of the longitudinal oil baffle (70) and the transverse oil baffle (60) to the oil reservoir (215).

2. The drive axle assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive axle assembly also includes: An oil temperature sensor (90), part of which is located within the receiving cavity, is connected to the assembly housing and is used to detect the temperature of the lubricating oil.

3. The drive axle assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The assembly housing includes: A front housing assembly (20) having a front housing cavity, a longitudinal oil baffle (70) connected to the inside of the front housing assembly (20), a portion of the transverse oil baffle (60) connected to the inside of the front housing assembly (20), and a portion of the driving bevel gear assembly (30), a portion of the driven bevel gear (40) and a portion of the differential assembly (50) located within the front housing cavity; The rear housing assembly (10) has a rear housing cavity, another part of the driven bevel gear (40) and another part of the differential assembly (50) are located in the rear housing cavity, and another part of the lateral oil baffle (60) is connected to the inside of the rear housing assembly (10). The front shell cavity and the rear shell cavity are arranged to form the receiving cavity.

4. The drive axle assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transverse oil baffle (60) includes: The first transverse oil baffle unit (601) is located at the bottom of the front housing cavity, and one end of the first transverse oil baffle unit (601) is connected to the inside of the front housing assembly (20). The second transverse oil baffle unit (602) is located in the rear housing cavity and extends along the rear housing assembly (10). The first transverse oil baffle unit (601) and the second transverse oil baffle unit (602) constitute the transverse oil baffle (60).

5. The drive axle assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The front housing assembly (20) includes: The front shell body (201) has a front shell receiving cavity. The longitudinal oil baffle (70) is connected to the inner side of the front shell body (201). The outer side of the front shell body (201) is provided with external heat dissipation ribs, and the inner side of the front shell body (201) is provided with internal heat dissipation ribs. Part of the internal heat dissipation ribs are located in the oil storage tank (215). The external heat dissipation ribs and the internal heat dissipation ribs are arranged parallel to each other. The internal heat dissipation ribs are located on one side of the first transverse oil baffle unit (601).

6. The drive axle assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The external heat dissipation fins of the front shell include: The upper heat dissipation ribs (202) of the front shell include multiple ribs, which are located above the front shell body (201). The multiple upper heat dissipation ribs (202) are spaced apart along the width direction of the front shell body (201), and are respectively connected to the front shell body (201). The lower heat dissipation rib (203) of the front shell is spaced apart from the upper heat dissipation rib (202) of the front shell. The lower heat dissipation rib (203) includes a plurality of ribs. The plurality of ribs (203) are located below the front shell body (201). The plurality of ribs (203) are spaced apart along the width direction of the front shell body (201). The lower heat dissipation rib (203) is connected to the front shell body (201). and / or; The internal heat dissipation fins of the front housing include: The first internal heat dissipation rib (204) is disposed at the bottom of the front shell receiving cavity. The first internal heat dissipation rib (204) is located on one side of the first transverse oil baffle unit (601). The first internal heat dissipation rib (204) includes a plurality of ribs. The plurality of first internal heat dissipation ribs (204) are spaced apart along the width direction of the front shell body (201). The second internal heat dissipation rib (213) is provided at a distance from the first internal heat dissipation rib (204). The second internal heat dissipation rib (213) is provided at the bottom of the front shell receiving cavity. The second internal heat dissipation rib (213) is located on the other side of the first transverse oil baffle unit (601). The second internal heat dissipation rib (213) includes a plurality of the first internal heat dissipation ribs (204), which are spaced apart along the width direction of the front shell body (201). The first internal heat dissipation rib (204) and the second internal heat dissipation rib (213) are disposed adjacent to the lower heat dissipation rib (203) of the front shell.

7. The drive axle assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, A top lubrication channel is provided inside the front housing body (201). The top lubrication channel extends along the inner side of the front housing body (201) and is located above the active bevel gear assembly (30). The top lubrication channel is connected to the front housing cavity. One end of the top lubrication channel is adjacent to the longitudinal oil baffle (70). A main gear bearing oil baffle (210) is provided inside the front housing body (201). The main gear bearing oil baffle (210) is located between the inner bearing (301) and the outer bearing (302) of the active bevel gear assembly (30). A portion of the front housing body (201) and the main gear bearing oil baffle (210) form a main gear bearing oil reservoir (207). The top lubrication channel is connected to the main gear bearing oil reservoir (207). The active bevel gear assembly (30) is controlled to rotate in a preset direction so that the lubricating oil flows along at least one outer surface of the active bevel gear assembly (30), the driven bevel gear (40) and the differential assembly (50) into the top lubrication channel, and the lubricating oil flows along the top lubrication channel into the main gear bearing oil reservoir (207).

8. The drive axle assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top lubrication channel includes: A first channel (206) is provided, with the width of one end of the first channel (206) gradually decreasing along the inner side of the front housing body (201). A channel baffle (217) is provided at one end of the first channel (206). The channel baffle (217) is provided adjacent to the differential assembly (50). The channel baffle (217) extends toward the geometric center of the first channel (206). The second channel (208) has one end connected to the other end of the first channel (206), and the other end of the first channel (206) is connected to the main gear bearing oil reservoir (207).

9. The drive axle assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, A side lubrication channel (205) is provided inside the front housing body (201). One end of the side lubrication channel (205) is connected to the front housing cavity. The side lubrication channel (205) is located on one side of the driven bevel gear (40). The other end of the side lubrication channel (205) extends to the corresponding position of the outer bearing (302) of the driving bevel gear assembly (30). The active bevel gear assembly (30) is controlled to rotate in a preset direction so that the lubricating oil flows along at least one of the outer surfaces of the active bevel gear assembly (30), the driven bevel gear (40) and the differential assembly (50) into the side lubrication channel (205).

10. A rear axle assembly, comprising a drive axle assembly, characterized in that, The drive axle assembly is the drive axle assembly according to any one of claims 1-9.

11. A vehicle, comprising a rear axle assembly, characterized in that, The rear axle assembly is the rear axle assembly as claimed in claim 10.

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