Device for removing oil by using oleophylic and hydrophobic material and regeneration method

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for removing oil by using an oleophylic and hydrophobic material and a regeneration method, belongs to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, and aims to solve the problems of poor removal effect, high operation cost, difficulty in regeneration, easiness in secondary pollution and the like in the existing wastewater oil removal technology. The device comprises an oil remover, an oleophylic and hydrophobic sponge, a special-shaped rubber pipe, a vacuum pump, a regenerated liquid storage tank, a purified wastewater storage tank and other core components, oil in wastewater is efficiently adsorbed through the oleophylic and hydrophobic sponge, and regeneration of an adsorption material is achieved in a vacuum compression mode; and the oil removal continuity can be guaranteed and the treatment effect can be improved through parallel connection or series connection combination of a plurality of oil removers. The device is simple in structure, low in operation cost and free of a heat source for regeneration, the oleophylic and hydrophobic sponge can be reused for more than 10000 times, and the device is suitable for treatment of various industrial oily wastewater and has remarkable environmental protection and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental protection equipment and relates to an oil removal device and regeneration method using oleophilic and hydrophobic materials, which is suitable for the purification and treatment of industrial oily wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] Oil removal and purification of wastewater is an important part of wastewater treatment. Since industrial production began, the following methods and approaches have gradually developed: Physical separation method: Utilizing the density difference between oil and water, oil is separated by allowing the oil to float on the water surface through an oil separator, or by using a filter device to intercept oil droplets and impurities. Oil-water separators can also be used, such as separators with a three-stage physical separation system, which improve the oil removal effect through a multi-layer separation structure.

[0003] Flotation: Also known as air flotation, it involves passing gas through water to generate tiny bubbles, causing oil droplets to adhere to the bubbles and float to the surface, forming scum. The oil is then removed using a skimmer. Based on the bubble generation method, it can be classified into electrolytic air flotation, pressurized air flotation, and blasting air flotation, with pressurized air flotation being the most commonly used.

[0004] Chemical methods: Add oil-removing flocculants, such as polyaluminum chloride and polyferric sulfate, to oily wastewater, along with coagulant aids like polyacrylamide, to cause oil droplets to coagulate into larger particles for easier separation. Alternatively, salting-out acidification demulsification can be used, adding inorganic electrolytes such as magnesium chloride and hydrochloric acid to disrupt the repulsive forces of the oil droplets, causing them to aggregate and float to the surface.

[0005] Adsorption method: This method uses adsorbents such as activated carbon, oil-absorbing clay, and fibers to adsorb oil in wastewater. Activated carbon has good adsorption performance for oil and other organic matter, but its adsorption capacity is limited and it is costly and difficult to regenerate. It is generally used for advanced treatment.

[0006] Ceramic membrane oil removal: This is a technology that utilizes the special properties of ceramic membranes to filter oily wastewater. It is then regenerated through backwashing with steam or hot water.

[0007] Biochemical method: Suitable for wastewater with oil content below 30mg / l. It utilizes microorganisms to decompose oily organic matter in wastewater through metabolism. Commonly used methods include activated sludge process, rotating disc process, and filtration process. Activated sludge process has good treatment effect, but requires stable water quality.

[0008] The methods and devices mentioned above can achieve the purpose of air purification during travel to some extent, but they also have some problems to varying degrees: Physical separation is ineffective at removing emulsified and dissolved oils, requires a large equipment footprint, and its separation efficiency is greatly affected by water quality and oil properties.

[0009] Flotation requires the addition of chemical reagents, which may cause secondary pollution, has high operating costs, and has strict requirements for water quality and operating conditions.

[0010] Disadvantages of the chemical method: It requires the addition of a large amount of chemical reagents, resulting in high costs; it generates a large amount of sludge, which requires subsequent treatment and may cause secondary pollution.

[0011] The adsorption method has a limited adsorption capacity of the adsorbent, requires regular replacement, is difficult to regenerate, has high operating costs, and is uneconomical when the processing volume is large.

[0012] Biochemical methods have high requirements for wastewater quality and temperature, long start-up time, and large footprint, making them unsuitable for treating high-concentration oily wastewater.

[0013] Ceramic membrane oil removal: Although ceramic membranes have a certain degree of antifouling ability, long-term operation may still lead to a decrease in membrane flux due to oil droplets, suspended solids, etc. Regular cleaning, maintenance, or replacement is necessary. Furthermore, regeneration requires a heat source, resulting in high operating costs.

[0014] The starting point of this invention: With the development of materials science, the performance of oleophilic and hydrophobic foam materials is constantly improving. They exhibit strong oil absorption capacity and increasing oil absorption volume, and also possess oil demulsification properties, allowing for reuse more than 10,000 times. This paper explores how to utilize oleophilic and hydrophobic foam materials for oil removal from industrial wastewater, improving effluent quality. Furthermore, it proposes a simple and easy-to-implement regeneration method to reduce equipment costs and operating expenses. Summary of the Invention

[0015] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an oil removal device and regeneration method using oleophilic and hydrophobic materials that are simple in structure, have low operating costs, and high regeneration efficiency.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An oil removal device using oleophilic and hydrophobic materials includes an oil separator, a conical filter funnel, a shaped rubber tube, an oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge, an oil separator vent, a filter screen, an oil separator inlet valve, an oil separator inlet pipe, an oil separator regeneration valve, a vacuum pump, a regeneration liquid storage tank, oil separator fasteners, an oil separator outlet valve, a purified wastewater storage tank, and an oil separator support. The oil separator is internally filled with a regularly shaped oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge, has a conical filter funnel at the top, and is connected to the vacuum pump and the regeneration liquid storage tank at the bottom via a shaped rubber tube. The tube includes a special-shaped rubber tube flange, a special-shaped rubber tube corrugated section, and a special-shaped rubber tube arc section. It is sealed to the oil separator through the special-shaped rubber tube flange, and the special-shaped rubber tube corrugated section and the special-shaped rubber tube arc section are used in conjunction with the conical filter funnel. The oil separator is equipped with a filter screen inside and an oil separator vent on the side wall. The inlet end is connected to the oily wastewater source through the oil separator inlet pipe and the oil separator inlet valve. The outlet end is connected to the purified wastewater storage tank through the oil separator outlet valve. The regeneration end is connected to the vacuum pump and the regeneration liquid storage tank through the oil separator regeneration valve.

[0017] Preferably, the material of the shaped rubber tube is selected from one of fluororubber, nitrile rubber, and silicone, and is not corroded by the treated wastewater.

[0018] Preferably, the filter screen is one of a metal mesh, a rubber mesh, or a plastic mesh, and is not corroded by the treated wastewater. Its pore size is set according to the properties and size of the solid particles in the wastewater.

[0019] Preferably, the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge is made into a regular structure according to the shape of the oil remover, and can be reused more than 10,000 times.

[0020] Preferably, two of the oil separators can be connected in parallel, or three of the oil separators can be connected in series.

[0021] A regeneration method based on the above-described device, characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) When the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet reaches the set value after the oil separator has been running for a period of time, close the oil separator inlet valve and the oil separator outlet valve, and open the oil separator regeneration valve; (2) Turn on the vacuum pump to reduce the pressure inside the special-shaped rubber tube. The oil separator maintains the same pressure as the outside atmosphere through the oil separator vent. Under the action of pressure difference, the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge is compressed and the adsorbed oil is squeezed out. (3) The high oil content regenerated liquid squeezed out enters the regenerated liquid storage tank for recycling. At the same time, the purified wastewater stored in the conical filter funnel cleans the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge. The filter screen is backwashed by the regenerated liquid to achieve self-cleaning. (4) After regeneration is completed, close the oil separator regeneration valve, open the oil separator inlet valve and oil separator outlet valve, and the oil separator resumes oil removal operation.

[0022] As a preferred option, when three oil separators are connected in series, a cyclic mode is achieved by controlling the valves to remove oil in two stages in series and regenerate the other oil separator, ensuring continuous operation of wastewater oil removal.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention utilizes the superior properties of oleophilic and hydrophobic materials, combined with vacuum regeneration technology, to overcome many shortcomings of existing oil removal technologies. Its device has a simple structure, low operating cost, and convenient regeneration, achieving efficient oil removal and material reuse without the risk of secondary pollution. Through multi-device combinations, it can be flexibly adapted to different treatment scenarios and is suitable for treating oily wastewater from various industries such as coal chemical and petrochemical industries, showing broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the oil removal device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an irregularly shaped rubber tube.

[0026] In the above figures, 1-oil separator, 2-conical filter funnel, 3-irregular rubber tube, 3-1-flange, 3-2-corrugated section, 3-3-arc section, 4-oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge, 5-vent window, 6-filter screen, 7-inlet valve, 8-inlet pipe, 9-regeneration valve, 10-vacuum pump, 11-regeneration liquid storage tank, 12-fastener, 13-outlet valve, 14-purified wastewater storage tank, 15-support. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0028] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0029] 1. Device Structure The oil removal device using oleophilic and hydrophobic materials of the present invention has core components including an oil remover (1), a conical filter funnel (2), a special-shaped rubber tube (3), an oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge (4), an oil remover vent (5), a filter screen (6), inlet and outlet valves and regeneration valves, a vacuum pump (10), a regeneration liquid storage tank (11), and a purified wastewater storage tank (14).

[0030] The oil separator (1) is the core processing unit, filled with a regular oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge (4) customized according to its shape. It is lightweight and easy to fill and replace. The internal filter screen (6) can intercept solid particles. The material is selected according to the wastewater properties, such as corrosion-resistant metal mesh, rubber mesh or plastic mesh. The conical filter funnel (2) at the top of the oil separator (1) is used to store the purified wastewater. During regeneration, the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge (4) can be cleaned. The bottom is connected to the regeneration system through a special-shaped rubber tube (3). The special-shaped rubber tube (3) is sealed by a flange (3-1). Its corrugated section (3-2) and arc section (3-3) are matched with the conical filter funnel (2) to avoid stress and stretching during regeneration and extend service life. The ventilation window (5) on the side wall of the oil separator (1) ensures the internal and external pressure balance during regeneration.

[0031] To ensure continuous processing, two oil separators can be connected in parallel; to improve the oil removal effect, three oil separators can be connected in series, and two-stage oil removal and regeneration cycle can be achieved through valve control.

[0032] 2. Work and Recycling Process (1) Oil removal operation Open the inlet valve (7) and outlet valve (13) of the oil separator, and close the regeneration valve (9). Oily wastewater enters the oil separator (1) through the inlet pipe (8). The filter screen (6) first intercepts solid impurities, and the oil in the wastewater is efficiently adsorbed by the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge (4). The purified wastewater enters the storage tank (14) through the outlet valve (13) and enters the subsequent process.

[0033] (2) Oil separator regeneration When the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the oil separator reaches the set value, switch the valve status: close the inlet (7) and outlet (13) valves, and open the regeneration valve (9). Turn on the vacuum pump (10) to create a negative pressure inside the special-shaped rubber tube (3). The oil separator (1) maintains normal pressure through the vent (5). Under the action of the pressure difference, the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge (4) is compressed, the adsorbed oil is squeezed out, and the high-oil-content regeneration liquid enters the storage tank (11) for recycling. At the same time, the purified wastewater stored in the conical filter funnel (2) cleans the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge (4) and removes the fine impurities that are not intercepted by the filter screen; the filter screen (6) is backwashed by the regeneration liquid to achieve self-cleaning and ensure the effect of subsequent treatment. After regeneration is completed, switch the valve to resume oil removal operation.

[0034] (3) Multiple oil separators operating in combination When set in parallel, the two oil separators operate and regenerate alternately to ensure the continuity of wastewater treatment; when set in series, the three oil separators cycle to achieve two-stage oil removal and regeneration, that is, two oil separators are connected in series for oil removal and one for regeneration. After regeneration, the stages are rotated to ensure treatment effect and continuity.

[0035] 3. Features of the Invention (1) Innovative regeneration method: Vacuum compression regeneration is adopted, which does not require a heat source. Compared with ceramic membrane regeneration, it significantly reduces operating costs and has a simple and easy-to-implement structure; (2) Strong material adaptability: The special-shaped rubber tubes and filter screens are made of corrosion-resistant materials, which are suitable for wastewater of different properties; (3) Self-cleaning function: During the regeneration process, the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge is cleaned and the filter screen is backwashed simultaneously to ensure long-term treatment effect; (4) Easy to operate: The oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge has a regular design, which saves time and effort in filling and replacing, and can be reused more than 10,000 times; (5) Flexible adaptation: By connecting multiple oil removers in parallel or in series, different processing capacities and oil removal effect requirements can be met.

[0036] Example 1: Treatment of Residual Ammonia Water from Coal Chemical Industry by a Single Oil Separator The waste ammonia water from coal chemical processing was being treated, with an influent oil concentration of approximately 180 mg / L. The oil separator was started and operated according to the above-mentioned oil removal process for one month, during which it was regenerated 50 times. The effluent oil concentration remained stable at around 35 mg / L, demonstrating significant treatment effectiveness. The regeneration process produced no secondary pollution, and the operating cost was lower than that of traditional chemical methods and ceramic membrane oil removal technology.

[0037] Example 2: Treatment of oily wastewater from petrochemical plants using a single oil separator The wastewater being treated was oily wastewater from the petrochemical industry, with an influent oil concentration of approximately 90 mg / L. Using the same equipment and process, it was operated continuously for one month, with 30 regeneration cycles during this period. The effluent oil concentration was reduced to approximately 20 mg / L, meeting the water quality requirements for subsequent treatment. The equipment operated stably and had high regeneration efficiency.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil removal device using oleophilic and hydrophobic materials, characterized in that, The components include an oil separator (1), a conical filter funnel (2), a shaped rubber tube (3), an oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge (4), an oil separator vent (5), a filter screen (6), an oil separator inlet valve (7), an oil separator inlet pipe (8), an oil separator regeneration valve (9), a vacuum pump (10), a regeneration liquid storage tank (11), oil separator fasteners (12), an oil separator outlet valve (13), a purified wastewater storage tank (14), and an oil separator support (15). The oil separator (1) is filled with a regularly shaped oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge (4), has a conical filter funnel (2) at the top, and is connected to the vacuum pump (10) and the regeneration liquid storage tank (11) at the bottom via a shaped rubber tube (3). The shaped rubber tube (3) includes a shaped... Rubber tube flange (3-1), corrugated section of special-shaped rubber tube (3-2) and arc section of special-shaped rubber tube (3-3) are sealed to the oil separator (1) through the rubber tube flange (3-1), and the corrugated section of special-shaped rubber tube (3-2) and arc section of special-shaped rubber tube (3-3) are used in conjunction with the conical filter funnel (2); the oil separator (1) is equipped with a filter screen (6) inside, and an oil separator ventilation window (5) is provided on the side wall. The inlet end is connected to the oily wastewater source through the oil separator inlet pipe (8) and the oil separator inlet valve (7). The outlet end is connected to the purified wastewater storage tank (14) through the oil separator outlet valve (13). The regeneration end is connected to the vacuum pump (10) and the regeneration liquid storage tank (11) through the oil separator regeneration valve (9).

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the special-shaped rubber tube (3) is selected from one of fluororubber, nitrile rubber, and silicone, and is not corroded by the treated wastewater.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter screen (6) is one of metal mesh, rubber mesh or plastic mesh, and is not corroded by the treated wastewater. Its pore size is set according to the nature and size of the solid particles in the wastewater.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge (4) is made into a regular structure according to the shape of the oil remover (1), and can be reused more than 10,000 times.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two of the oil separators (1) can be connected in parallel, or three of the oil separators (1) can be connected in series.

6. A regeneration method based on the apparatus of any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) When the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet reaches the set value after the oil separator (1) has been running for a period of time, close the oil separator inlet valve (7) and the oil separator outlet valve (13), and open the oil separator regeneration valve (9). (2) Turn on the vacuum pump (10) to reduce the pressure inside the special-shaped rubber tube (3). The oil separator (1) maintains the same pressure as the outside atmosphere through the oil separator vent (5). Under the action of pressure difference, the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge (4) is compressed and the adsorbed oil is squeezed out. (3) The high oil content regenerated liquid squeezed out enters the regenerated liquid storage tank (11) for recycling. At the same time, the purified wastewater stored in the conical filter funnel (2) cleans the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge (4), and the filter screen (6) is backwashed by the regenerated liquid to achieve self-cleaning. (4) After regeneration is completed, close the oil separator regeneration valve (9), open the oil separator inlet valve (7) and oil separator outlet valve (13), and the oil separator (1) resumes oil removal operation.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, When three oil separators (1) are connected in series, the two oil separators are connected in two stages for oil removal and the other oil separator is regenerated through valve control, so as to ensure the continuous operation of wastewater oil removal.

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