A benzotriazole derivative and a resin composition containing the same

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of benzotriazole derivatives and the resin composition containing the derivative.The benzotriazole derivative of the present application is 1H substitution type, compared with the traditional 2H substitution type benzotriazole derivative photoconversion material compound, the 1H substitution benzotriazole compound of the present application can significantly improve the light conversion efficiency of solar cell, especially the light conversion efficiency of solar cell with TOPCon photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar cells, and more specifically, to a benzotriazole derivative and a resin composition containing the derivative. Background Technology

[0002] Solar energy, as a sustainable and renewable energy source, has gradually become an important part of the energy used by mankind. Among solar cells that generate electricity using solar energy, crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells account for approximately 90% of the photovoltaic market. The main technical route for traditional monocrystalline and polycrystalline cells is aluminum back surface field (AI-BSF). New technologies for P-type monocrystalline cells mainly include PERC (passivated emitter and back contact) technology, while new technologies for N-type monocrystalline cells include TOPCon (tunnel oxide passivated contact), HJT (silicon heterojunction technology), and IBC (all-back electrode contact). With PERC cell efficiency reaching its limit, solar cells based on the high-efficiency potential of TOPCon and HJT have recently moved from the laboratory to commercial manufacturing. The limiting efficiency of HJT cells is 27.5%, while solar cells based on the TOPCon structure have a higher efficiency limit of 28.7% (Richter A, Hermle M, Glunz SW 2013 IEEE J Photovolt. 31184).

[0003] Research reports indicate that ultraviolet (UV) radiation can damage the silicon-hydrogen bonds in the passivation layer of HJT solar cell modules, leading to a decline in module efficiency (Sol. RRL 2023, 7, 2300334; Prog Photovolt ResAppl. 2023, 31, 36). The Renewable Energy Testing Center (RETC) in the United States reported that TOPCon modules also face the risk of UV radiation-induced degradation (UVID). Introducing a light-converting film (wavelength conversion layer) into solar cells can both reduce the damaging effects of UV light on the cells and improve the utilization of UV light.

[0004] The main component of photoconversion films is downconversion luminescent material. Among them, benzotriazole organic luminescent materials are widely used in the preparation of photoconversion films for solar cells due to their high luminous efficiency and excellent stability (CN105419380B, CN103562323B, CN117510421B, CN117431022A). However, most of the reported downconversion luminescent materials based on benzotriazole are 2H-substituted triazoles, while 1H-substituted benzotriazole derivatives used in the field of photoconversion are rarely reported, and their fluorescence luminescence properties are also rarely studied (CN105026518B). Under normal circumstances, the maximum absorption wavelength of 2H-substituted benzotriazoles is around 340-350 nm, which can effectively avoid the damage of ultraviolet light to HJT cells (Plastics Technology, 2023, 51(5):28-31). However, this type of light-converting material cannot effectively solve the power decay problem caused by long-term UVB band (280-325nm) irradiation of TOPCon cells.

[0005] This invention provides a benzotriazole optical conversion material based on 1H-substitution and its resin composition. Its maximum absorption wavelength is blue-shifted by about 20 nm compared to benzotriazole with 2H substitution, reaching about 310-320 nm. It can be applied to TOPCon batteries and can effectively improve the power of TOPCon battery modules. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a 1H-substituted benzotriazole compound with suitable wavelength and particularly excellent light resistance, as well as a resin composition using the benzotriazole compound and a solar cell module. The wavelength conversion layer of this invention can significantly improve the light conversion efficiency of solar cells.

[0007] In one aspect, the present invention provides a benzotriazole-based compound represented by general formula I:

[0008]

[0009] Among them, R 1 Selected from straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 40 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), straight-chain or branched alkenyl groups having 2 to 40 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), straight-chain or branched alkynyl groups having 2 to 40 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 40 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), and straight-chain or branched alkylene groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted).

[0010] X and Y may be the same or different, and are each independently selected from R, -OCOR, -COOR, and -OR; wherein R is each independently selected from straight-chain or branched alkyl with 1 to 40 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), straight-chain or branched alkenyl with 2 to 40 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), straight-chain or branched alkynyl with 2 to 40 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), cycloalkyl with 3 to 40 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), cycloalkyl with 3 to 20 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), and straight-chain or branched alkylene with 1 to 20 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted).

[0011] n and m are selected from 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, either the same or different.

[0012] In one implementation, R 1The straight-chain or branched alkyl groups representing 1 to 40 carbon atoms can have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 20, 2 to 12, or 4 to 8 carbon atoms. Examples of straight-chain or branched alkyl groups with 1 to 40 carbon atoms include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl (e.g., n-octyl, isooctyl), nonyl, and decyl. The number of carbon atoms in the straight-chain or branched alkenyl group with 2 to 40 carbon atoms can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40. Preferably, it can be 2 to 20, 3 to 12, or 4 to 8. In the straight-chain or branched alkynyl group with 2 to 40 carbon atoms, the number of carbon atoms can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40, preferably 2 to 20, 3 to 12, or 4 to 8. The cycloalkyl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms may have 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40 carbon atoms. Preferably, it may have 3 to 20, 5 to 15, or 5 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples of cycloalkyl groups with 3 to 40 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, and norbornel. In the cycloalkyl group with 3 to 20 carbon atoms and the straight-chain or branched alkylene group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl group with 3 to 20 carbon atoms can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20, preferably 3 to 15, 4 to 12, or 5 to 10; the number of carbon atoms in the straight-chain or branched alkylene group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20, preferably 1 to 10, 1 to 12, or 1 to 8.The cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms or the straight-chain or branched alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms can be listed as cyclopropylmethylene, cyclobutylmethylene, cyclopentylmethylene, cyclohexylmethylene, cycloheptylmethylene, cyclopropylethylene, cyclobutylethylene, cyclopentylethylene, cyclohexylethylene, cycloheptylethylene, etc.

[0013] In one implementation, R 1 The term "substituted or unsubstituted" as used herein means unsubstituted or substituted by a single or multiple group selected from the following: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, vinyl, propenyl, allyl, ethynyl, acrylate (-OCOCH=CH2), methacrylate (-OCOC(CH3)=CH2), allyloxycarbonyl (-COOCH2CH=CH2).

[0014] In one implementation, R 1 Selected from C1-C12 straight-chain or branched alkyl groups, C2-C8 straight-chain or branched alkenyl groups, C2-C8 straight-chain or branched alkynyl groups, and -(CH2). 1-8 OCOCH=CH2、-(CH2) 1-8 OCOC(CH3)=CH2. Preferably, the -(CH2) 1-8 The numbers 1-8 in the series include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8.

[0015] In one embodiment, R represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, wherein the number of carbon atoms can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40, preferably 1 to 20, 2 to 12, or 4 to 8. Examples of straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 40 carbon atoms include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl (e.g., n-octyl, isooctyl), nonyl, decyl, etc. The number of carbon atoms in the straight-chain or branched alkenyl group with 2 to 40 carbon atoms can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40. Preferably, it can be 2 to 20, 3 to 12, or 4 to 8. In the straight-chain or branched alkynyl group with 2 to 40 carbon atoms, the number of carbon atoms can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40, preferably 2 to 20, 3 to 12, or 4 to 8. The cycloalkyl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms may have 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40 carbon atoms. Preferably, it may have 3 to 20, 5 to 15, or 5 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples of cycloalkyl groups with 3 to 40 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, and norbornel. In the cycloalkyl group with 3 to 20 carbon atoms and the straight-chain or branched alkylene group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl group with 3 to 20 carbon atoms can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20, preferably 3 to 15, 4 to 12, or 5 to 10; the number of carbon atoms in the straight-chain or branched alkylene group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20, preferably 1 to 10, 1 to 12, or 1 to 8.The cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms or the straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms can be listed as cyclopropylmethylene, cyclobutylmethylene, cyclopentylmethylene, cyclohexylmethylene, cycloheptylmethylene, cyclopropylethylmethylene, cyclobutylethylmethylene, cyclopentylethylmethylene, cyclohexylethylmethylene, cycloheptylethylmethylene, etc.

[0016] In one implementation, X may be the same or different, each independently selected from -C(R) 2 R 3 R 4 -CH=CHR 2 -C≡CR 2 -OCOR 2 -COOR 2 -OR 2 ;Y may be the same or different, each independently selected from -C(R) 2 'R 3 'R 4 ') 、-CH=CHR 2 '、-C≡CR 2 '、-OCOR 2 '、-COOR 2 '、-OR 2 ';

[0017] R 2 R 3 R 4 R 2 '、R 3 'and R 4 Each is independently selected from hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), a straight-chain or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), a straight-chain or branched alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (substituted or unsubstituted), or R 2 R 3 R 4 The two can be linked together to form a cycloalkyl group with 3 to 20 carbon atoms, either substituted or unsubstituted, or R 2 '、R 3 '、R 4 The two molecules in ' can be linked together to form a cycloalkyl group with 3 to 20 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms.

[0018] Preferred, R 2 R 3 R 4 R 2 '、R 3 'and R 4The alkyl group representing 1 to 20 carbon atoms in a straight-chain or branched alkyl group can have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 18, 1 to 8, or 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of the straight-chain or branched alkyl groups with 1 to 20 carbon atoms include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl (e.g., n-octyl, isooctyl), nonyl, and decyl. In the straight-chain or branched alkenyl groups with 2 to 20 carbon atoms, the number of carbon atoms can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20, preferably 2 to 15, 3 to 12, or 4 to 8. In the straight-chain or branched alkynyl groups with 2 to 20 carbon atoms, the number of carbon atoms can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20, preferably 2 to 15, 3 to 12, or 4 to 8. The cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms may have 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 carbon atoms; preferably, it may have 3 to 18, 4 to 15, or 5 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples of the cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, and norbornel. 2 R 3 R 4 In the cycloalkyl group formed by the two linked alkyl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, the number of carbon atoms can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20, preferably 3 to 18, 4 to 15, or 5 to 10. Examples of cycloalkyl groups with 3 to 20 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, and norbornel. 2 '、R 3 '、R 4 In the cycloalkyl group formed by the two linked together, the number of carbon atoms can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20, preferably 3 to 18, 4 to 15, or 5 to 10. Examples of cycloalkyl groups with 3 to 20 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, and norbornel.

[0019] Preferred, R 2 R 3 R4 At least one of them is not a hydrogen atom, more preferably, R 2 R 3 R 4 At least two of them are not hydrogen atoms.

[0020] Preferred, R 2 '、R 3 '、R 4 At least one of them is not a hydrogen atom, more preferably, R 2 '、R 3 '、R 4 At least two of them are not hydrogen atoms.

[0021] Preferably, the -C(R) 2 R 3 R 4 It can be independently selected from one of the following structures:

[0022]

[0023] k is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.

[0024] Preferably, the -C(R) 2 'R 3 'R 4 ') Independently selected from one of the following structures:

[0025]

[0026] l can be selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.

[0027] Therefore, the benzotriazole-based compounds may have the structures shown in Formulas I-1 to I-4:

[0028] .

[0029] Preferred, -C(R) 2 R 3 R 4 ), -(CR 2 'R 3 'R 4 The total number of carbon atoms in the ') group is 1 to 40, specifically 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, preferably 2 to 20, 3 to 10, or 4 to 8. -C(R) 2 R 3 R4 ), -C(R 2 'R 3 'R 4 The radical group can be listed as isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, n-butyl, isopentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 1-methylpentyl, 1-methylhexyl, isooctyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 1-ethylpentyl, 1-ethylhexyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and cycloheptyl, as well as tertiary alkyl groups (e.g., tertiary butyl, tertiary pentyl, 1,1-diethylpropyl, 1-propylcyclopentyl, 1-propylcyclohexyl, 2-(adamantane-1-yl)propane-2-yl, 1-ethylcyclopentyl, 1-butylcyclopentyl, 1-ethylcyclohexyl, 2-methyl-2-adamantyl, 2-ethyl-2-adamantyl, etc.). From a synthetic perspective, tertiary butyl, tertiary pentyl, and 1,1-diethylpropyl are preferred.

[0030] Preferably, -CH=CHR 2 -CH=CHR 2’ The functional groups are independently -CH=CH2, -CH=CHCH3, and -CH=CH(CH2). 1-8 CH3. -C≡CR 2 -C≡CR 2’ The functional groups are independently -C≡CH, -C≡CCH3, and -C≡C(CH2). 1-8 CH3. Preferably, the -(CH2) 1-8 The numbers 1-8 in the series include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8.

[0031] Preferred, -OCOR 2 -OCOR 2 The functional groups are independently -OCOCH3 and -OCO(CH2). 1-8 CH3, -OCOCH=CH2, -OCOC(CH3)=CH2. Preferably, the -(CH2)... 1-8 The numbers 1-8 in the series include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8.

[0032] Preferred, -COOR 2 -COOR 2 The functional groups are independently -COOCH3 and -COO(CH2). 1-8 CH3, -COOCH2CH=CH2. Preferably, the -(CH2) 1-8 The numbers 1-8 in the series include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8.

[0033] Preferred, -OR 2 -OR 2 Each of the functional groups is independently -OCH3 or -O(CH2).1-8 CH3, -OCH=CH2, -OC(CH3)=CH2. Preferably, the -(CH2)... 1-8 The numbers 1-8 in the series include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8.

[0034] In one embodiment, "substituted or unsubstituted" in X and Y means unsubstituted or substituted by a group selected from the following: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, vinyl, propenyl, allyl, ethynyl, acrylate (-OCOCH=CH2), methacrylate (-OCOC(CH3)=CH2), allyloxycarbonyl (-COOCH2CH=CH2).

[0035] In one embodiment, X may be the same or different, and each is independently selected from C2-C8 straight-chain or branched alkenyl, C2-C8 straight-chain or branched alkynyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, -(CH2). 0-8 OCOCH=CH2、-(CH2) 0-8 OCOC(CH3)=CH2、-(CH2) 0-8 COOCH2CH=CH2 and one of the following structures:

[0036] ;

[0037] Y may be the same or different, and each is independently selected from C2-C8 straight-chain or branched alkenyl, C2-C8 straight-chain or branched alkynyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, -(CH2). 0-8 OCOCH=CH2、-(CH2) 0-8 OCOC(CH3)=CH2、-(CH2) 0-8 COOCH2CH=CH2 and one of the following structures:

[0038] ;

[0039] R 2 R 3 R 4 R 2 '、R 3 'and R 4 'Same or different, each independently selected from C1-C12 straight-chain or branched alkyl groups.'

[0040] Preferred, R 2 R 3 R 4 R 2 '、R 3 'and R 4'The same or different, each independently selected from C1-C8 straight-chain or branched alkyl groups, or selected from C1-C6 straight-chain or branched alkyl groups.'

[0041] Preferably, the -(CH2) 0-8 The 0-8 in the symbol - includes 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.

[0042] Preferably, the structures of the X and Y groups can be the same or different. From a synthetic perspective, when the X and Y groups are the same, it is easier and cheaper to produce the product.

[0043] By adjusting R 1 The number of carbon atoms in X and Y can disrupt the crystallinity between benzotriazole compounds through the amorphous effect, thereby helping to adjust the melting point and improve solubility and compatibility.

[0044] In one embodiment, the benzotriazole-based compound has the structure shown in Formulas II-1 to II-4:

[0045] .

[0046] In one embodiment, the benzotriazole-based compound is selected from:

[0047] .

[0048] In this invention, "substituted or unsubstituted" means unsubstituted or substituted by a group selected from the following: halogens such as chlorine / bromine / iodine / fluorine, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, carboxyl, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl (the C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl may be further substituted by halogens such as chlorine / bromine / iodine / fluorine, C1-C6 alkyl, halogenated C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkylthio, carboxyl, cyano, -SO2- C1-C6 alkyl, -CF3, -OCF3, hydroxyl, mercapto substituted), -COOR or -OCOR (R independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl), C6-C14 aryl (which may be further substituted with halogens such as chloro / bromine / iodine / fluorine, C1-C6 alkyl, halo-C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkylthio, carboxyl, cyano, -SO2- C1-C6 alkyl, -CF3, -OCF3, hydroxyl, mercapto, amino, amide, imide, cyclic imide, carbonyl, nitro), heteroaryl (which may be further substituted with halogens such as chloro / bromine / iodine / fluorine, C1-C6 alkyl, halo-C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkylthio, carboxyl, cyano, -SO2- C1-C6 alkyl, -CF3, -OCF3, hydroxyl, mercapto, amino, amide, imide, cyclic imide, carbonyl, nitro-substituted.

[0049] In this invention, "substituted or unsubstituted" means unsubstituted or substituted by a single or multiple group selected from the following: chlorine, bromine, iodine, fluorine, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, vinyl, propenyl, allyl, ethynyl, acrylate (-OCOCH=CH2), methacrylate (-OCOC(CH3)=CH2), allyloxycarbonyl (-COOCH2CH=CH2).

[0050] In this invention, the alkyl group can have 1 to 40 carbon atoms and can be a straight-chain or branched alkyl group. Preferably, the number of carbon atoms can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40. Based on the linkage site, the alkyl group can be classified as primary alkyl (linked by CH2), secondary alkyl (linked by CH), and tertiary alkyl (linked by C). Examples of alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tertiary butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl (such as n-octyl and isooctyl), nonyl, decyl, etc.

[0051] In this invention, the alkylene group is a group formed by further removing one hydrogen atom from an alkyl group.

[0052] In this invention, the cycloalkyl group is a saturated cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group with a specific number of carbon atoms, preferably containing 3 to 40 carbon atoms. Preferably, the number of carbon atoms can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40. Examples of cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornel, etc.

[0053] In this invention, the alkenyl group can have 2 to 40 carbon atoms, can be straight-chain or branched, and can contain one or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4 or more) carbon-carbon double bonds. When the number of carbon-carbon double bonds is more than 2, the carbon-carbon double bonds can be conjugated or non-conjugated. The position of the carbon-carbon double bonds can be at the linking end, in the middle of the chain, or at the end. The linking site of the alkenyl group can be on the carbon-carbon double bond or on a saturated carbon atom. Preferably, the number of carbon atoms can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40. Examples include, but are not limited to, vinyl, propenyl, and allyl groups.

[0054] In this invention, the alkynyl group can have 2 to 40 carbon atoms, can be straight-chain or branched, and can contain one or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4 or more) carbon-carbon triple bonds. When the number of carbon-carbon triple bonds is more than 2, the carbon-carbon triple bonds can be conjugated or non-conjugated. The position of the carbon-carbon triple bonds can be at the linking end, in the middle of the chain, or at the end. The linking site of the alkynyl group can be on the carbon-carbon triple bond or on a saturated carbon atom. Preferably, the number of carbon atoms can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40. Examples include, but are not limited to, acetylene and propynyl groups.

[0055] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a resin composition comprising a matrix resin and the benzotriazole compound described herein.

[0056] In one embodiment, the benzotriazole compound contained in the resin composition is 0.01% to 10% by weight, preferably 0.01%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, and more preferably 0.1%-1%.

[0057] In one embodiment, the matrix resin is at least one selected from polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, polyolefin, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polystyrene, polyethersulfone, polyacrylate, ionomer resin, and epoxy resin.

[0058] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a wavelength conversion layer formed by the resin composition described in the present invention.

[0059] In one implementation, the wavelength conversion layer is an encapsulation layer.

[0060] In one embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer is an adhesive layer.

[0061] In one embodiment, the thickness of the wavelength conversion layer is 2 to 2000 micrometers. Preferably, it is 2 micrometers, 10 micrometers, 100 micrometers, 500 micrometers, 1000 micrometers, or 2000 micrometers.

[0062] In a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a solar cell module comprising the wavelength conversion layer described herein.

[0063] In one embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer is located on the incident light side of the solar cell.

[0064] In one embodiment, the solar cell is selected from crystalline silicon solar cells (TOPCon solar cells, etc.), amorphous silicon solar cells, thin-film silicon solar cells, heterojunction solar cells (HJT solar cells, etc.), cadmium sulfide / cadmium telluride solar cells, CIS-based thin-film solar cells, CIGS-based thin-film solar cells, CZTS-based thin-film solar cells, III-V group solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, peroxide solar cells, or organic semiconductor solar cells.

[0065] In a fifth aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the benzotriazole-based compound, which is selected from one or two of the following methods:

[0066] Method 1:

[0067]

[0068] Method 2:

[0069]

[0070] Ra, Rb, and Rc may be the same or different, and each is independently selected from halogens, preferably chlorine or bromine;

[0071] Ma and Mb may be the same or different, and each is independently selected from -B(OH)2. .

[0072] Beneficial effects:

[0073] This invention provides a benzotriazole derivative and a resin composition containing the derivative. The benzotriazole derivative of this invention is of the 1H-substitution type. Compared with conventional 2H-substitution type benzotriazole derivative light conversion material compounds, the 1H-substitution benzotriazole compound of this invention can significantly improve the light conversion efficiency of solar cells, especially the light conversion efficiency of solar cells with TOPCon photovoltaic modules. Attached Figure Description

[0074] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a solar cell module.

[0075] Figure 2 The 1H NMR spectrum of the intermediate 1H-isobutyl-4,7-dibromobenzotriazole.

[0076] Figure 3 The 1H NMR spectrum of the intermediate 2H-isobutyl-4,7-dibromobenzotriazole.

[0077] Figure 4 The NMR spectrum of compound 2 is shown in Figure 1 (1H NMR).

[0078] Figure 5 The comparative example is the 1H NMR spectrum of compound 14.

[0079] Figure 6 The UV absorption and fluorescence emission spectra of compound 2 are compared with those of the comparative example, compound 14. Detailed Implementation

[0080] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Experimental methods in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are generally performed under conventional conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as are familiar to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, any methods and materials similar to or equivalent to those described herein may be applied to the methods of the present invention. The preferred embodiments and materials shown herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0081] Example 1: Synthesis of Compound 2

[0082]

[0083] Step 1: Synthesis of 1H-4,7-dibromobenzotriazole

[0084] In a reaction flask, 50 g of 1H-benzotriazole (420 mmol) and 300 g of 98% sulfuric acid were added. N-bromosuccinimide (164.5 g, 924 mmol) was gradually added with stirring, and the system was heated to 60 °C for 6 h. After confirming the reaction was complete by TLC, the reaction mixture was gradually added to 1.8 L of vigorously stirred deionized water. The mixture was filtered to obtain a white crude solid. The crude solid was washed twice with 1.8 L x 2 drops of hot water and dried at 120 °C to constant weight to give 112.7 g of 4,7-dibromobenzotriazole, with a yield of 97%.

[0085] Step 2: Synthesis of 1H-isobutyl-4,7-dibromobenzotriazole

[0086] In a reaction flask, the synthesized 1H-4,7-dibromobenzotriazole (100 g, 361 mmol), isobutyl bromide (59.4 g, 433 mmol), potassium carbonate (150 g, 1083 mmol), and DMF (300 g) were added. The system was heated to 65 °C and reacted for 8 h. After confirming the completion of the reaction by TLC, DMF was removed by vacuum distillation, followed by column chromatography separation using conventional methods (eluent ratio of petroleum ether / ethyl acetate 10 / 1 v / v) to obtain 78.2 g of 1H-isobutyl-4,7-dibromobenzotriazole, with a yield of 65%. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 7.50 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H, ), 7.40 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.75 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.43 2.33 (m, 1H), 0.98 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 6H), specifically as follows Figure 2 As shown; column chromatography also yielded another byproduct, 34.9 g of 2H-isobutyl-4,7-dibromobenzotriazole, in a yield of 29%. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 7.46 (s, 2H, ), 4.61 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.66-2.56(m, 1H),1.01 (d,J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), specifically as follows Figure 3 As shown.

[0087] Step 3: Synthesis of 1H-isobutyl-4,7-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)benzotriazole (compound 2)

[0088]

[0089] In a reaction flask, 1H-isobutyl-4,7-dibromobenzotriazole (10.0 g, 30.03 mmol), 4-tert-butylphenylboronic acid (11.76 g, 66.06 mmol), potassium carbonate (16.60 g, 120.11 mmol), and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.347 g, 0.3 mmol) were added, along with 150 g of toluene and 30 g of water. The system was purged with nitrogen three times and then heated to micro-reflux for 12 h. After confirming the completion of the reaction by TLC, the aqueous phase was separated while hot. The toluene solution was then washed with water, concentrated, and crystallized to obtain 12.28 g of 1H-isobutyl-4,7-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)benzotriazole (compound 2), an off-white solid with a yield of 93%. 1 HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 8.08 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, ), 7.58-7.52 (m, 5H), 7.40-7.37 (m, 3H), 4.18 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H) ,1.41-1.36 (d, 18H), 0.52 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), specifically as follows Figure 4 As shown. HRMS (ESI) m / z: [M+H] + Theoretical value C30H38N3 + 440.3066; Measured value 440.3063.

[0090] Comparative Example: Synthesis of 2H-isobutyl-4,7-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)benzotriazole (Compound 14)

[0091]

[0092] In a reaction flask, 1H-isobutyl-4,7-dibromobenzotriazole (8.0 g, 24.02 mmol), 4-tert-butylphenylboronic acid (8.55 g, 48.04 mmol), potassium carbonate (13.3 g, 96.23 mmol), and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.278 g, 0.24 mmol) were added, along with 120 g of toluene and 24 g of water. The system was purged with nitrogen three times and then heated to micro-reflux for 12 h. After confirming the completion of the reaction by TLC, the aqueous phase was separated while hot. The toluene solution was then washed with water, concentrated, and crystallized to obtain 12.01 g of 2H-isobutyl-4,7-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)benzotriazole (compound 11), an off-white solid, with a yield of 91%. 1 H NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) δ: 8.04 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 4H), 7.64 (s, 2H), 7.58 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 4H), 4.63 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H) ,2.68-2.59 (m, 1H), 1.42 (s, 18H), 1.05 (d, J = 8.0Hz, 6H), specifically as follows Figure 5 As shown. HRMS (ESI) m / z: [M+H] + Theoretical value C30H38N3 + 440.3066; Measured value 440.3067.

[0093] The remaining compounds 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, and 13, all benzotriazole derivatives, were synthesized using the same method, replacing the starting haloalkanes and phenylboronic acid with the corresponding starting materials for each compound. Except for compound 4, the starting materials were either commercially available or had their preparation methods reported in the literature. For compound 10, 4-tert-butylphenylboronic acid and 4-cyclohexylphenylboronic acid were added sequentially in the Suzuki coupling reaction, with the remaining steps being identical.

[0094] The synthesis of 4-(1-methylpentyl)phenylboronic acid, the starting material corresponding to compound 4, is as follows:

[0095] In a reaction flask, 10 g (41.5 mmol) of 1-bromo-4-(1-methylpentyl)benzene and 60 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran were added. The mixture was cooled to -78 °C, and n-butyllithium (31.2 mL, 49.8 mmol, 1.6 M in n-hexane) was slowly added dropwise with stirring. After the addition was complete, the reaction was stirred for another 0.5 h. Then, trimethyl borate (5.17 g, 49.8 mmol) was slowly added dropwise. After the addition was complete, the reaction was stirred for another 0.5 h, and then stirred at room temperature for 2 h. After that, 20 g of 10% HCl aqueous solution was added dropwise to quench the reaction. The resulting mixture was purified by rotary evaporation to remove the solvent, and then purified with methanol to obtain 8.29 g of 4-(1-methylpentyl)phenylboronic acid, a white powder with a yield of 97%, which was directly used in subsequent reactions.

[0096] The yields (step 3) and mass spectra of the relevant compounds are shown in Table 1 below.

[0097] Table 1:

[0098]

[0099] Example 2: Synthesis of Compound 9

[0100]

[0101] In a reaction flask, 1H-isobutyl-4,7-dibromobenzotriazole (13.0 g, 39.04 mmol), 2,4,6-trimethylphenylboronic acid (13.44 g, 81.98 mmol), potassium carbonate (21.6 g, 156 mmol), and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.430 g, 0.37 mmol) were added, along with 150 g of toluene and 30 g of water. The system was purged with nitrogen three times and then heated to micro-reflux for 12 h. After confirming the completion of the reaction by TLC, the aqueous phase was separated while hot. The toluene solution was then washed with water, concentrated, and crystallized to give 14.9 g of 1H-isobutyl-4,7-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)benzotriazole (compound 9), an off-white solid with a yield of 93%. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 0.99 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 6H), 2.08-2.40 (m, 18H), 2.45 (m, 1H), 4.02 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 6.75-6.92 (d, J = 1.4 Hz, 4H) 7.62 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (d, J= 8.2Hz, 1H).HRMS (ESI) m / z: [M+H] + Theoretical value C28H34N3 + 412.2753; Measured value 412.2752.

[0102] Example 3: Synthesis of Compound 12

[0103]

[0104] In a reaction flask, add 1H-(4-hydroxy-1-butyl)-4,7-bis(tert-butylphenyl)benzotriazole (11.0 g, 24.1 mmol), triethylamine (3.66 g, 36.2 mmol), and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP, 0.147 g, 1.21 mmol). Dissolve in 100 g of dichloromethane until clear. Cool the system to 0-5 °C. o C. Acryloyl chloride (2.62 g, 29.0 mmol) was added dropwise with stirring. After the addition was complete, the reaction was continued for 2 h. After confirming the completion of the reaction by TLC, 50 g of water was slowly added and the organic phase was washed with stirring. The aqueous phase was separated, and the organic phase was concentrated to dryness. 30 g of ethanol was added and recrystallized to give 11.2 g of 1H-(4-acryloyloxy-1-butyl)-4,7-bis(tert-butylphenyl)benzotriazole (compound 12), an off-white solid, in 91% yield. 1 HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.19 (s, 9H), 1.26 (s, 9H), 1.71-1.89 (tt, J = 7.4, 7.1Hz, 4H), 4.12 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 4.20 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 6.02 (dd, J = 10.9, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 6.33 (dd, J = 17.0, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (dd, J = 17.0, 10.9 Hz, 1H),7.48-7.88 (m, 10H). HRMS (ESI) m / z: [M+H] + Theoretical value: C33H40O2N3 + 510.3121; Measured value 510.3123.

[0105] The synthesis method of intermediate 1H-(4-hydroxy-1-butyl)-4,7-bis(tert-butylphenyl)benzotriazole is the same as that of compound 2, except that the alkylating raw material is replaced with 4-chlorobutanol in step 2.

[0106] Example 4: Synthesis of Compound 13

[0107]

[0108] Using a similar preparation method as compound 9, 1H-isobutyl-4,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, triethylamine, and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) were added to a reaction flask. After dissolution and clarification with dichloromethane, acryloyl chloride was added dropwise at low temperature to induce a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Following post-treatment and recrystallization, compound 13 was obtained. The synthesis method of the intermediate 1H-isobutyl-4,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole was the same as that of compound 2, except that in step 3, the boric acid starting material was replaced with 4-hydroxyphenylboronic acid. HRMS (ESI) m / z: [M+H] + Theoretical value: C28H26O4N3 + 468.1923; Measured value 468.1922.

[0109] The test data for compounds 1-14 are shown in Table 2 below:

[0110] Table 2

[0111]

[0112] Melting point test:

[0113] Take an appropriate amount of sample, grind it into a fine powder, and pour it into a capillary tube for melting point testing. Using a clean glass tube of appropriate length, place it vertically on a petri dish or experimental table, and let the capillary tube fall freely from the top opening. Repeat this 10-15 times to make the powder tightly aggregate at the sealed end of the capillary tube. The height of the material in the capillary tube should be about 3-5 mm. Place the capillary tube containing the sample into a digital display micro melting point apparatus (model: X-4A) for testing.

[0114] Maximum absorption wavelength and molar absorptivity test:

[0115] Weigh a small amount of sample (approximately 5 mg) and prepare a solution with a concentration of 10 by quantitative transfer and volume adjustment. - 5 A g / L toluene solution was tested using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (model: UV-3600) to obtain the absorption spectrum. The wavelength corresponding to the highest peak was identified as the maximum absorption wavelength. Then, using Beer-Lambert's law: A = ε... b c (where A is the absorbance corresponding to the maximum absorption wavelength, b is the cuvette thickness of 1 cm, and c is the solution concentration), the molar absorptivity ε is calculated.

[0116] Maximum emission wavelength:

[0117] Prepare the sample to a concentration of 10 using the same method as described above. -5 A g / L toluene solution was tested using a transient / steady-state fluorescence spectrophotometer (model: FLS920). A specific excitation wavelength (such as 320 nm or 340 nm) was used to obtain the emission spectrum. The wavelength value corresponding to the highest peak is the maximum emission wavelength.

[0118] Fluorescence quantum efficiency:

[0119] Prepare the sample to a concentration of 10 using the same method as described above. -5 The fluorescence quantum efficiency was obtained by using a g / L toluene solution and a Hamamatsu absolute quantum yield test system (model: PMA-12) with specific excitation wavelengths (such as 320 nm and 340 nm).

[0120] Device Example: Fabrication and Power Testing of TOPCon Batteries

[0121] Compounds 1-4, 8, 9, 12, 13, and 14 (comparative example) were selected as light-conversion materials and mixed with blank EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) at a ratio of 0.1 wt%. The mixture was then further cast using a casting machine to obtain the light-conversion film (450 μm thick). The film was cut into 60 mm pieces. An 80mm piece is placed between two pieces of ultra-clear tempered glass of the same size, then placed in a laminator at a lamination temperature of 145℃, and a vacuum is applied. A laminated film sample was prepared at 90 kPa for 30 minutes, which will be used as the wavelength conversion layer in the TOPCon cell. The TOPCon cells were then laminated and encapsulated. The encapsulation structure, from bottom to top, consists of ultra-white tempered glass, a light transfer film, TOPCon cells (string soldered), and a backsheet. The positive and negative terminals of the laminated module were connected to a power meter to test the module power, and the power meter's temperature probe monitored the module surface temperature. The test light source was a long-arc pulsed xenon lamp simulating the AM 1.5 solar spectrum, with a light intensity of 1000 W / m². 2 The gain effects of light transfer film and UV cutoff film (EVA film containing 0.1 wt% UV absorber UV531) were compared.

[0122] The EVA resin used was purchased from China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (Sinopec), model EVAC28V25; the TOPCon batteries used were purchased from Taizhou Zhonglai Optoelectronics Co., Ltd., model 182. The power meter used was purchased from Qinhuangdao Bosuo Optoelectronic Equipment Co., Ltd., model BSMT204. The test light source was a long-arc pulsed xenon lamp simulating the AM 1.5 solar spectrum, with a light intensity of 1000 W / m². 2 The UV absorber UV531 is a commercially available product, purchased from Shanghai Titan Technology Co., Ltd., with a specification of 98%+. The test results are shown in Table 3 below:

[0123] Table 3

[0124]

[0125] As can be seen from the device examples, the 1H-substituted benzotriazole light-converting material prepared in this invention can be applied to the TOPCon photovoltaic module field. It can effectively absorb ultraviolet light around 320 nm and convert it into visible light (blue-violet light), thus protecting the TOPCon photovoltaic module while effectively improving the power generation efficiency of the solar cell. In contrast, the excitation wavelength of the traditional 2H-substituted benzotriazole light-converting material is redshifted compared to the 1H-substituted benzotriazole light-converting material of this invention, and its efficiency decreases instead of increasing when applied to TOPCon photovoltaic modules.

[0126] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A benzotriazole-based compound represented by general formula I: in, R 1 Selected from C1-C12 straight-chain or branched alkyl groups, C2-C8 straight-chain or branched alkenyl groups, and -(CH2). 1-8 OCOCH=CH2、-(CH2) 1-8 OCOC(CH3)=CH2; X may be the same or different, and each is independently selected from -OCOCH=CH2, -OCOC(CH3)=CH2, and one of the following structures: ； k is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8; Y may be the same or different, and each is independently selected from -OCOCH=CH2, -OCOC(CH3)=CH2, and one of the following structures: ； l can be selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8; R 2 R 3 R 4 R 2 '、R 3 'and R 4 'Same or different, each independently selected from C1-C12 straight-chain or branched alkyl groups;' n and m are either the same or different and are selected from 1, 2 or 3.

2. The compound according to claim 1, characterized in that, R 1 Selected from C1-C10 straight-chain or branched alkyl groups, C2-C6 straight-chain or branched alkenyl groups, and -(CH2). 1-6 OCOCH=CH2、-(CH2) 1-6 OCOC(CH3)=CH2.

3. The compound according to claim 1, characterized in that, X is independently selected from one of the following structures: k is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; The Y is independently selected from one of the following structures: l can be selected from 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

4. The compound according to claim 1, characterized in that, The benzotriazole-based compounds have the structures shown in Formulas I-1 to I-4: 。 5. The compound according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, R 2 R 3 R 4 R 2 '、R 3 'and R 4 'Same or different, each independently selected from C1-C6 straight-chain or branched alkyl groups.' 6. The compound according to claim 1, characterized in that, The benzotriazole-based compounds have the structures shown in Formulas II-1 to II-4: 。 7. The compound according to claim 1, characterized in that, The benzotriazole-based compounds are selected from: 。 8. A resin composition comprising a matrix resin and a benzotriazole compound as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. The resin composition according to claim 8, characterized in that, The benzotriazole compound contained in the resin composition is 0.01% to 10% by weight. And / or, the matrix resin is at least one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, polyolefin, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polystyrene, polyethersulfone, polyacrylate, ionomer resin, and epoxy resin.

10. A wavelength conversion layer formed from the resin composition of claim 8 or 9.

11. The wavelength conversion layer according to claim 10, characterized in that, The wavelength conversion layer is an encapsulation layer or an adhesive layer; And / or, the thickness of the wavelength conversion layer is 2 to 2000 micrometers.

12. A solar cell module comprising the wavelength conversion layer of claim 10 or 11.

13. The solar cell module according to claim 12, characterized in that, The wavelength conversion layer is located on the incident light side of the solar cell; And / or, the solar cell is selected from crystalline silicon solar cells, amorphous silicon solar cells, thin-film silicon solar cells, heterojunction solar cells, cadmium sulfide / cadmium telluride solar cells, CIS-based thin-film solar cells, CIGS-based thin-film solar cells, CZTS-based thin-film solar cells, III-V group solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, peroxide solar cells, or organic semiconductor solar cells.

14. The method for preparing the benzotriazole-based compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from one or two of the following methods: Method 1: Method 2: in, Xa, Xb, and Xc may be the same or different, and each is independently selected from halogens; Ma and Mb may be the same or different, and each is independently selected from -B(OH)2. .

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