Self-adaptive throttling device

Abstract

The invention provides a self-adaptive throttling device which comprises a shell with an inlet and an outlet, the shell is internally provided with an output structure, the output structure is provided with an output cavity, one end of the output cavity is communicated with the outlet, and the other end of the output cavity is provided with a plurality of throttling openings; each throttling structure is communicated with the corresponding throttling opening, each throttling structure is provided with an inner cavity and an orifice plug which can be axially and movably arranged in the inner cavity, the orifice plug divides the inner cavity into a pressure regulating cavity and a throttling cavity which are independent from each other, and the inlet can be communicated with the throttling opening through the throttling cavity; and the plurality of throttling structures comprise at least two pressure regulating cavities with different pressure regulating pressures. The problem that the throttling device cannot be stably and accurately self-adjusted according to the change of the pressure in the well under the well is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of technology, and more particularly to an adaptive throttling device. Background Technology

[0002] The description in this section provides only background information related to the disclosure of this invention and does not constitute prior art.

[0003] In the field of oil and gas equipment technology, there are various equipment and tools designed for natural gas extraction. Among them, because the wellhead pressure of natural gas is high, the high-pressure natural gas in the well needs to be depressurized to the pressure of the gas gathering pipeline before it can be output and used normally. Therefore, throttle valves are usually installed in the surface pipeline to reduce pressure. However, natural gas throttling is a depressurization and cooling process. Therefore, if the natural gas contains a certain amount of water, it is easy to form natural gas hydrates and block the gas transmission pipeline, affecting the normal production of the entire natural gas well. In severe cases, it may even cause production safety accidents. Therefore, most oil and gas fields adopt many methods to reduce the water content in natural gas, including but not limited to using water vapor filtration equipment, adding natural gas heating equipment in the transmission pipeline, and installing throttle valves in the production tubing of the natural gas well.

[0004] In the method of installing a throttle valve in a section of the downhole natural gas production string, although the throttle valve is located underground and can utilize geothermal energy to heat the fluid and prevent the gas-water mixture from clogging the throttle valve, the pressure of the natural gas well is constantly changing during the natural gas production process. To achieve better production efficiency, the throttle valve's throttle diameter is usually adjusted according to production needs. However, if the throttle valve is placed in the downhole production string, the adjustment of the throttle valve is inefficient and affects the normal production of natural gas. Furthermore, even if some kind of remote control method can be used to remotely control the throttle valve, the equipment has low durability in the downhole mining environment and cannot cope with the complete cycle of natural gas mining, requiring constant maintenance. Further, the remote control method also has the problem of low response efficiency, and cannot adjust the diameter change in time according to changes in downhole gas pressure. Moreover, the existing methods of controlling the throttle diameter based on downhole pressure are relatively crude, unable to form a stable and precise pressure control adjustment, and cannot adjust in real time according to the constantly updated pressure regulation curve parameter formula, which means it cannot meet the high-quality production requirements of the current mining process.

[0005] It should be noted that the above description of the technical background is only for the purpose of providing a clear and complete explanation of the technical solutions of the present invention and facilitating understanding by those skilled in the art. It should not be assumed that the above technical solutions are known to those skilled in the art simply because they have been described in the background section of this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive throttling device that solves the problem that throttling devices cannot stably and accurately self-adjust according to changes in well pressure in the well.

[0007] The above-mentioned objectives of this invention are mainly achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] This invention provides an adaptive throttling device, comprising: a housing having an inlet and an outlet, wherein the housing contains:

[0009] The output structure has an output cavity, one end of which is connected to the outlet, and the other end of which has multiple throttling ports.

[0010] Multiple throttling structures are provided, each throttling structure being connected to a throttling orifice. Each throttling structure has an inner cavity and a throttling plug that is axially movable within the inner cavity. The throttling plug divides the inner cavity into independent pressure regulating chambers and throttling chambers. The inlet is connected to the throttling orifice through the throttling chamber. The multiple throttling structures include at least two pressure regulating chambers with different pressures.

[0011] In one specific embodiment, when the pressure at the inlet is greater than the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber, the throttling chamber is connected to the output chamber through the throttling orifice; when the pressure at the inlet is less than or equal to the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber, the throttling plug blocks the throttling orifice.

[0012] In one specific embodiment, a plurality of throttling orifices are spaced apart on the side wall of the output structure along the circumferential direction, a plurality of throttling structures are arranged along the circumferential direction of the output structure on the outer periphery of the output structure, and the inner cavity of each throttling structure extends along the direction from the inlet to the outlet.

[0013] In one specific embodiment, the plurality of throttling structures include a first throttling group and a second throttling group, the first throttling group having at least one first pressure regulating chamber, the second throttling group having at least one second pressure regulating chamber, and the pressure regulating pressure of the first pressure regulating chamber being greater than the pressure regulating pressure of the second pressure regulating chamber.

[0014] In one specific embodiment, the first throttling group and the second throttling group are arranged sequentially along the circumferential direction of the output structure.

[0015] In one specific embodiment, the plurality of throttling structures include a third throttling group located between the first throttling group and the second throttling group, the third throttling group having at least one third pressure regulating chamber, the pressure regulating pressure of the third pressure regulating chamber being less than the pressure regulating pressure of the second pressure regulating chamber.

[0016] In one specific embodiment, the number of throttling orifices is the same as the number of throttling structures, and the number of throttling orifices is 4 to 8.

[0017] In one specific embodiment, the axis of the throttling orifice is set at a certain angle to the axis of the output cavity, and the flow area of ​​each throttling orifice is the same.

[0018] In one specific embodiment, the pressure regulating chamber has a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber that are connected to each other. The first pressure chamber is located close to the throttle plug. The housing is provided with a plurality of pressure regulating valves along its circumference. The pressure regulating valves are connected to the second pressure chamber.

[0019] In one specific embodiment, the housing further includes:

[0020] The sand-proof base has a filter section and a limiting section connected to each other. The limiting section is located at one end of the plurality of throttling structures near the inlet to restrict the throttling plug from disengaging from the inner cavity. The filter section is disposed near the inlet.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following characteristics and advantages:

[0022] The adaptive throttling device provided by this invention forms a pressure ladder by pre-setting different pressure regulating pressures for multiple throttling structures. The adaptive throttling device is then mounted on an oil and gas pipeline and lowered down into the well. The opening and closing of the throttling orifice is automatically adjusted through the dynamic balance between the downhole oil pressure and the preset pressure regulating pressure, thus automatically adjusting the size of the throttling orifice. In the initial stage of oil and gas well production, the downhole oil pressure is greater than the preset pressure regulating pressures of the multiple throttling structures, and all the throttling orifices are open. After a certain period of production, the pressure of the oil and gas well decreases. At this point, the preset pressure regulating pressure of some throttling structures is greater than the pressure of the oil and gas well, and the throttling orifices of these structures close, achieving automatic adjustment of the throttling device. Furthermore, the preset pressure values ​​of the multiple throttling structures can be flexibly adjusted according to the measured downhole oil pressure, i.e., flexibly set based on industry experience (similar to the flow formula for natural gas well throttling nozzles), achieving high control accuracy and reusability of the adaptive throttling device. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the adaptive throttling device of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0025] 1. Shell; 11. Inlet; 111. Inlet connection; 12. Outlet; 121. Outlet connection; 13. Pressure regulating valve;

[0026] 2. Output structure; 21. Output chamber; 22. Throttling port; 23. Pressure relief port;

[0027] 3. Throttling structure; 31. Inner cavity; 311. Pressure regulating cavity; 3111. First pressure cavity; 3112. Second pressure cavity; 312. Throttling cavity; 32. Throttling plug;

[0028] 4. Sandproof base; 41. Filter section; 42. Limiting section;

[0029] F. The direction of extension of the inner cavity;

[0030] D. The axis of the output cavity;

[0031] E. The axis of the output structure. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0033] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an adaptive throttling device, comprising: a housing 1 having an inlet 11 and an outlet 12, wherein the housing 1 is provided with:

[0036] The output structure 2 has an output cavity 21, one end of which is connected to the outlet 12, and the other end of which is provided with a plurality of throttling ports 22.

[0037] Multiple throttling structures 3 are provided, each of which is connected to a throttling orifice 22. Each throttling structure 3 has an inner cavity 31 and a throttling plug 32 that is axially movable in the inner cavity 31. The throttling plug 32 divides the inner cavity 31 into independent pressure regulating chambers 311 and throttling chambers 312. The inlet 11 can be connected to the throttling orifice 22 through the throttling chamber 312. The multiple throttling structures 3 include at least two pressure regulating chambers 311 with different pressure regulating pressures.

[0038] The adaptive throttling device provided by the present invention presets different pressure regulating pressures for multiple throttling structures 3 to form a pressure ladder, and then loads the adaptive throttling device on the oil and gas pipeline and then lowers the adaptive throttling device down into the well; the opening and closing of the throttling port 22 is automatically adjusted by the dynamic balance between the downhole oil pressure and the preset pressure regulating pressure, that is, the throttling port diameter of the adaptive throttling device is automatically adjusted. When an oil and gas well is first being produced, the downhole oil pressure is greater than the preset pressure regulating pressure of multiple throttling structures 3, and all throttling ports 22 are connected to the inlet 11. After a certain period of production, the downhole oil pressure of the oil and gas well decreases. At this time, the preset pressure regulating pressure of some throttling structures 3 is greater than the downhole oil pressure, and the throttling ports 22 of these throttling structures 3 are not connected to the inlet 11, thus realizing the automatic adjustment of the throttling device. Furthermore, the preset pressure values ​​of multiple throttling structures 3 can be flexibly adjusted according to the state of the natural gas well, that is, they can be flexibly set according to industry experience (similar to the flow formula of natural gas well downhole throttling nozzles, etc.), thereby realizing the control accuracy and reusability of the adaptive throttling device.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, the shell 1 is generally a cylindrical structure. In other embodiments, the shape of the shell 1 is not specifically limited. Furthermore, the upper part of the shell 1 is provided with an outlet 12 and an outlet connection 121, and the lower part of the shell 1 is provided with an inlet 11 and an inlet connection 111. In this embodiment, a spiral connection section is provided on the inner side wall of the outlet connection 121 and the outer side wall of the inlet connection 111. In other embodiments, the spiral connection section can also be provided on the outer side wall of the outlet connection 121 and the outer side wall of the inlet connection 111, or other connection structures can be used, which are not limited. The outlet connection 121 is the same as the upper section of the oil and gas pipeline. The inlet connection 111 is connected to the lower section of the oil and gas pipeline to house the adaptive throttling device in the downhole tubing. Furthermore, the output structure 2 is generally a circular tubular structure; in other embodiments, the shape of the output structure 2 is not specifically limited. In this embodiment, the output cavity 21 is located within the output structure 2, and the axis D of the output cavity 21 is coaxial with the axis E of the output structure 2. One end of the output cavity 21 is connected to the outlet 12 via a pressure relief port 23, and the other end of the output cavity 21 has multiple throttling ports 22. The throttling ports 22 are located on the circumferential sidewall of the output structure 2, connecting the output cavity 21 to the outside of the output structure 2. In this embodiment, the multiple throttling ports 22 are spaced apart circumferentially along the output structure 2; in other embodiments, the arrangement of the throttling ports 22 is not specifically limited.

[0040] In this embodiment, the throttling structure 3 is generally a tile-shaped structure. In other embodiments, the throttling structure 3 can also be a cubic structure, and there is no specific limitation on this. The throttling structure 3 has an inner cavity 31. In this embodiment, the inner cavity 31 is formed by the inner side wall of the throttling structure 3 and the outer side wall of the output structure 2. The throttling structure 3 is connected to the throttling port 22. That is, in this embodiment, the inner cavity 31 is connected to the throttling port 22. In other embodiments, a through hole can be opened on the side wall of the throttling structure 3, and the through hole is connected to the throttling port 22. There is no specific limitation on the connection method between the throttling structure 3 and the throttling port 22. In this embodiment, the throttle plug 32 is generally cylindrical. Sealing rubber is wound around both ends of the throttle plug 32. The throttle plug 32 is axially movable within the inner cavity 31. The throttle plug 32 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the throttle structure 3. The throttle plug 32 divides the inner cavity 31 of the throttle structure 3 into two independent and airtight pressure regulating chambers 311 and throttle chamber 312. One end of the throttle chamber 312 is connected to the outside of the throttle structure 3, that is, one end of the throttle chamber 312 is connected to the inlet 11. In actual use, the throttle chamber 312... The internal pressure value is the oil and gas pressure in the oil and gas pipeline, and the pressure value in the pressure regulating chamber 311 is a preset pressure value. In this embodiment, when setting the pressure value, the pressure of the pressure regulating chamber 311 is set when the throttle plug 32 moves to the critical position where it is about to expose the throttle orifice 22. In other embodiments, the pressure of the pressure regulating chamber 311 can also be set when the throttle plug 32 moves towards one end of the inner cavity. There is no specific limitation on the method of setting the pressure value of the pressure regulating chamber 311. In this embodiment, the pressure regulating pressure setting value of the pressure regulating chamber 311 in the multiple throttling structures 3 needs to include at least two different pressure regulating pressures to achieve the purpose of automatic adjustment of the throttle orifice size by the adaptive throttling device. In this embodiment, the pressure regulating chambers 311 in the multiple throttling structures 3 are each set with six different pressure regulating values, and the number of pressure regulating chambers 311 with the same pressure regulating value is not equal. This allows this embodiment to automatically adjust the throttling diameter of the adaptive throttling device according to the optimal throttling diameter size corresponding to different downhole oil pressures calculated by the natural gas downhole throttling nozzle flow formula, thereby achieving the purpose of precise control.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in one specific embodiment, when the pressure of the inlet 11 is greater than the pressure of the pressure regulating chamber 311, the throttling chamber 312 is connected to the output chamber 21 through the throttling port 22; when the pressure of the inlet 11 is less than or equal to the pressure of the pressure regulating chamber 311, the throttling plug 32 blocks the throttling port 22.

[0042] The adaptive throttling device provided by the present invention achieves a dynamic balance between the pressure of the pressure regulating chamber 311 and the pressure of the inlet 11 by movably setting the throttling plug 32 in the inner cavity 31. When the pressure of the inlet 11 drops to the set pressure of the pressure regulating chamber 311, the throttling plug 32 can be moved in the inner cavity 31 until one end of the throttling plug 32 is attached to the edge of the throttling orifice 22. That is, when the pressure of the inlet 11 drops further, the throttling plug 32 moves towards the throttling chamber 312, blocking the throttling orifice 22 located on the side wall of the output structure 2, thereby further reducing the total throttling orifice diameter of the adaptive throttling device and achieving the purpose of precisely adjusting the size of the throttling orifice.

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the pressure at the inlet 11 is greater than the pressure at the pressure regulating chamber 311, the throttle plug 32 moves closer to the pressure regulating chamber 311, reducing the volume of the pressure regulating chamber 311 and increasing the volume of the throttle chamber 312. The throttle orifice 22 connects to the throttle chamber 312, and the throttle chamber 312 connects to the output chamber 21 through the throttle orifice 22. When the pressure at the inlet 11 is less than or equal to the pressure at the pressure regulating chamber 311, the throttle plug 32 moves closer to the throttle chamber 312. The volume of the pressure regulating chamber 311 increases, the volume of the throttling chamber 312 decreases, and the throttling orifice 22 is blocked by the side wall of the throttling plug 32. The throttling orifice 22 is located at one end of the output structure 2. The length range of the throttling plug 32 is such that when the throttling plug 32 moves to the maximum position in the direction of the throttling chamber 312, the side wall of the throttling plug 32 can block the length of the throttling orifice 22. At the same time, when the throttling plug 32 moves to the maximum position in the direction of the pressure regulating chamber 311, the side wall of the throttling plug 32 can still be completely exposed.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, in one specific embodiment, a plurality of throttling ports 22 are spaced apart on the side wall of the output structure 2 along the circumference of the output structure 2, and a plurality of throttling structures 3 are arranged on the outer periphery of the output structure 2 along the circumference of the output structure 2, and the inner cavity 31 of each throttling structure 3 extends along the direction from the inlet 11 to the outlet 12.

[0045] The adaptive throttling device provided by the present invention provides an equally spaced structure and defines the extension direction F of the inner cavity 31, which can provide a more precise pressure pushing direction for the throttling plug 32, so that the movement direction of the throttling plug 32 is the same as the movement direction of oil or gas. This avoids the problem of inaccurate force balance caused by friction between the throttling plug 32 and the outer wall of the output structure 2 due to the extension direction F of the inner cavity 31 of the throttling structure 3 being set at a certain angle with the direction from the inlet 11 to the outlet 12.

[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, multiple throttling orifices 22 are formed on the side wall of the output structure 2 along the circumference of the output structure 2, and the multiple throttling orifices 22 are formed on the same radial plane of the output structure 2. In other embodiments, the multiple throttling orifices 22 may also be located on different radial planes, and there is no specific limitation on this. In this embodiment, multiple throttling structures 3 are arranged on the outer periphery of the output structure 2 along the circumference of the output structure 2. The inner cavity 31 of the throttling structure 3 needs to be connected to the throttling orifice 22, that is, the multiple throttling structures 3 need to be correspondingly connected to each throttling orifice 22. In other embodiments, there is no specific limitation on the connection method between the throttling structure 3 and the throttling orifice 22. In this embodiment, the extension direction F of the inner cavity 31 of the throttling structure 3 extends along the direction from the inlet 11 to the outlet 12, that is, the lower end of the throttling cavity 312 is connected to the inlet 11. In this embodiment, the moving direction of the throttling plug 32 is set along the direction from the inlet 11 to the outlet 12.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the plurality of throttling structures 3 include a first throttling group and a second throttling group. The first throttling group has at least one first pressure regulating chamber, and the second throttling group has at least one second pressure regulating chamber. The pressure regulating pressure of the first pressure regulating chamber is greater than the pressure regulating pressure of the second pressure regulating chamber.

[0048] The adaptive throttling device provided by the present invention divides multiple throttling structures 3 into a first throttling group and a second throttling group, and each group has at least one pressure regulating chamber 311. This enables the pressure regulating pressure of multiple pressure regulating chambers 311 to be set to the same value, so that when the downhole oil pressure reaches a pressure node, the throttling orifice of a set area can be closed, making the automatic pressure regulating operation of the adaptive throttling device more flexible and precise.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, the multiple throttling structures 3 are divided into a first throttling group and a second throttling group. The first throttling group has three throttling structures 3, wherein the three pressure regulating chambers 311 provided by the three throttling structures 3 of the first throttling group are set with the same pressure regulating pressure, and the three pressure regulating chambers 311 of the first throttling group are the first pressure regulating chambers; the second throttling group has three throttling structures 3, wherein the three pressure regulating chambers 311 provided by the three throttling structures 3 of the second throttling group are set with the same pressure regulating pressure, and the three pressure regulating chambers 311 of the second throttling group are the second pressure regulating chambers, and the third... The pressure regulating pressure of the first pressure regulating chamber is greater than that of the second pressure regulating chamber. That is, in the initial stage of oil and gas extraction, all three throttling structures 3 of the first throttling group and the three throttling structures 3 of the second throttling group are connected to the throttling port 22. After the downhole oil pressure drops to a pressure node, the three throttling structures 3 of the first throttling group are still connected to the throttling port 22, but the three throttling structures 3 of the second throttling group are not connected to the throttling port 22. That is, the throttling port 22 of the three throttling structures 3 of the second throttling group is blocked by the throttling plug 32.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the first throttling group and the second throttling group are arranged sequentially along the circumferential direction of the output structure 2.

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, by sequentially arranging the first and second throttling groups along the circumferential direction of the output structure 2, and ensuring that the throttling structure 3 of the second throttling group is not connected to the throttling orifice 22, a blockage is formed on one side of the second throttling group located in the circumferential direction of the output structure 2. This guides the oil and gas flow towards the first throttling group, avoiding the problem of turbulent airflow below the multiple throttling structures 3 caused by the cross-arrangement of multiple throttling structures 3 of the first and second throttling groups, which would result in the second throttling group's throttling structure 3 being in a closed state. Based on the relationship between flow velocity and gas pressure, this would cause the actual pressure in the throttling chamber 312 of the first throttling group to be lower than the downhole oil pressure, thus causing the adaptive throttling device to change its throttling orifice size untimely or inaccurately. In this embodiment, the three throttling structures 3 of the first and second throttling groups are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the output structure 2.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the plurality of throttling structures 3 include a third throttling group, which is located between the first throttling group and the second throttling group. The third throttling group has at least one third pressure regulating chamber, and the pressure regulating pressure of the third pressure regulating chamber is less than the pressure regulating pressure of the second pressure regulating chamber.

[0053] The adaptive throttling device provided by the present invention provides a third throttling group, offering more options for the third-level adjustment compared to the two-level adjustment. This allows the adaptive throttling device to flexibly close the throttling ports 22 of the corresponding set area of ​​each throttling group when the downhole oil pressure reaches the three pressure nodes respectively, making the automatic pressure adjustment operation of the adaptive throttling device more flexible and precise.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first throttling group has two throttling structures 3, the second throttling group has two throttling structures 3, and the third throttling group has two throttling structures 3. In other embodiments, other numbers can also be used, and there is no limitation on this. Among them, the two pressure regulating chambers 311 provided by the two throttling structures 3 of the third throttling group are set with the same pressure regulating pressure, and the two pressure regulating chambers 311 are the third pressure regulating chambers. In this embodiment, the pressure of the third pressure regulating chamber is set to be less than the pressure of the second pressure regulating chamber, that is, the throttling plugs 32 of the two throttling structures 3 of the third throttling group first block the connection with the throttling port 22. In this embodiment, the third throttling group is located between the first throttling group and the second throttling group, that is, the first throttling group, the second throttling group, and the third throttling group are arranged along the circumference of the output structure 2.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the number of throttling orifices 22 is the same as the number of throttling structures 3, and the number of throttling orifices 22 is 4 to 8.

[0056] The adaptive throttling device provided by this invention sets the number of throttling ports 22 and throttling structures 3 according to the actual diameter of the oil and gas well and the required diameter variation of the throttling ports 22. The more throttling ports 22 and throttling structures 3 there are, the more precise the adjustment. The number of throttling ports 22 is the same as the number of throttling structures 3, avoiding the problem that the pressure in the throttling chamber 312 is not equal to the actual downhole oil pressure due to two throttling ports 22 being connected to the same throttling structure 3, thus leading to inaccurate timing of blocking the throttling ports 22. Specifically, in this embodiment, the number of throttling ports 22 and throttling structures 3 is six. In other embodiments, there is no specific limitation on the number of throttling ports 22 and throttling structures 3.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the axis of the throttling orifice 22 is set at a certain angle to the axis D of the output cavity 21, and the flow area of ​​each throttling orifice 22 is the same.

[0058] The adaptive throttling device provided by this invention avoids the problem of being unable to calculate the total throttling area after the throttling plug 32 blocks the throttling port 22 due to different flow areas, or the problem of complex calculation. At the same time, the same flow area also helps to improve the reusability of the adaptive throttling device, making it applicable to various downhole conditions. In this embodiment, the flow area is the cross-sectional area of ​​the fluid actually passing through the adaptive throttling device. Furthermore, the axis of the throttling port 22 intersects the axis D of the output cavity 21 and is set at a certain angle to improve the fluidity of oil and gas and avoid excessive turns that form a gas flow stagnation zone. Specifically, in this embodiment, the axis of the throttling port 22 is perpendicularly intersected with the axis D of the output cavity 21, that is, the opening direction of the throttling port 22 is set towards the central axis inside the output cavity 21. In other embodiments, the axis of the throttling port 22 and the axis D of the output cavity 21 can also be set at 60°, that is, the opening direction of the throttling port 22 is deflected towards the outlet 12, which is beneficial to gas flow.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the pressure regulating chamber 311 has a first pressure chamber 3111 and a second pressure chamber 3112 that are connected to each other. The first pressure chamber 3111 is located close to the throttle plug 32. A plurality of pressure regulating valves 13 are provided on the housing 1 along its circumferential direction. The pressure regulating valves 13 are connected to the second pressure chamber 3112.

[0060] The adaptive throttling device provided by the present invention divides the pressure regulating chamber 311 into a first pressure chamber 3111 and a second pressure chamber 3112, thereby preventing the pressure regulating valve 13 from being directly connected to the first pressure chamber 3111. This would prevent the pressure from the piston pushing the first pressure chamber 3111 from being directly transmitted to the pressure regulating valve 13, making the pressure regulating valve 13 prone to bursting or being damaged.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, along the direction from inlet 11 to outlet 12, the pressure regulating chamber 311 is divided into a first pressure chamber 3111 and a second pressure chamber 3112. The first pressure chamber 3111 is located close to the throttle plug 32, and the second pressure chamber 3112 is located away from the throttle plug 32. The pressure regulating valve 13 is opened on the side wall of the housing 1, and the number of pressure regulating valves 13 is the same as the number of throttling structures 3. One end of the pressure regulating valve 13 is connected to the second pressure chamber 3112, thereby injecting gas into the pressure regulating chamber 311 to regulate the pressure of the pressure regulating chamber 311. In other embodiments, liquid can also be used, and there is no specific limitation. Furthermore, a connection port is provided at the connection between the first pressure chamber 3111 and the second pressure chamber 3112. The throttle plug 32 is movably arranged in the first pressure chamber 3111. The connection between the first pressure chamber 3111 and the second pressure chamber 3112 can provide the throttle plug 32 with a maximum limit position for movement in the direction of the pressure regulating chamber 311.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the housing 1 further includes:

[0063] The sand-proof base 4 has a filter part 41 and a limiting part 42 connected to each other. The limiting part 42 is located at one end of the plurality of throttling structures 3 near the inlet 11 to restrict the throttling plug 32 from disengaging from the inner cavity 31. The filter part 41 is disposed near the inlet 11.

[0064] The adaptive throttling device provided by this invention, by setting a sand-proof base 4, can be used to filter impurities contained in downhole fluids, preventing impurities from entering the throttling port 22 of the adaptive throttling device and causing the throttling effect to fail. Simultaneously, a limiting part 42 is set at one end of the multiple throttling structures 3 near the inlet 11, which can prevent the throttling plug 32 from falling off the inner cavity 31, and also provide a limiting structure for the throttling plug 32 in the direction towards the throttling cavity 312, thereby limiting the maximum movement distance of the throttling plug 32. Specifically, in this embodiment, the filter part 41 is generally a mesh metal wire structure; in other embodiments, the filter part 41 can also adopt other structures, and no specific limitation is made. In this embodiment, the filter part 41 is connected to the limiting part 42, and the filter part 41 is set near the inlet 11.

[0065] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive restriction device, characterized by, The shell with an inlet and an outlet is provided with: an output structure with an output cavity, one end of which is communicated with the outlet, and the other end of which is provided with a plurality of throttle openings; a plurality of throttle structures, each of which is communicated with each of the throttle openings, and each of which has an inner cavity and a throttle plug axially movably arranged in the inner cavity, the throttle plug dividing the inner cavity into a separate pressure regulating cavity and a throttle cavity, and the inlet being communicated with the throttle opening through the throttle cavity; wherein the plurality of throttle structures include at least two pressure regulating cavities with different pressure regulating pressures.

2. The self-adapting restriction device of claim 1, wherein, In a state where the pressure of the inlet is greater than the pressure of the pressure regulating cavity, the throttle cavity is communicated with the output cavity through the throttle opening; in a state where the pressure of the inlet is less than or equal to the pressure of the pressure regulating cavity, the throttle plug blocks the throttle opening.

3. The adaptive throttling device of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The plurality of throttle openings are spaced apart along the circumference of the output structure and are arranged on the side wall of the output structure, and the plurality of throttle structures are arranged along the circumference of the output structure and are arranged on the outer periphery of the output structure, and the inner cavities of the throttle structures are arranged in the direction from the inlet to the outlet.

4. The self-adapting restriction device of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of throttle structures include a first throttle group and a second throttle group, the first throttle group has at least one first pressure regulating cavity, and the second throttle group has at least one second pressure regulating cavity, and the pressure regulating pressure of the first pressure regulating cavity is greater than the pressure regulating pressure of the second pressure regulating cavity.

5. The adaptive restriction device of claim 4, wherein, The first throttle group and the second throttle group are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the output structure.

6. The self-adapting restriction device of claim 5, wherein, The plurality of throttle structures include a third throttle group between the first throttle group and the second throttle group, the third throttle group has at least one third pressure regulating cavity, and the pressure regulating pressure of the third pressure regulating cavity is less than the pressure regulating pressure of the second pressure regulating cavity.

7. The self-adapting restriction device of claim 1, wherein, The number of throttle openings is the same as the number of throttle structures, and the number of throttle openings is 4-8.

8. The self-adapting restriction device of claim 3, wherein, The axis of the throttle opening is arranged at an angle with the axis of the output cavity, and the flow area of each throttle opening is the same.

9. The self-adapting restriction device of claim 3, wherein, The pressure regulating cavity has a first pressure cavity and a second pressure cavity communicated with each other, the first pressure cavity is arranged close to the throttle plug, and the shell is provided with a plurality of pressure regulating valves along the circumferential direction thereof, and the pressure regulating valves are communicated with the second pressure cavity.

10. The self-adapting restriction device of claim 1, wherein, The shell is further provided with: a sand prevention base having a filter part and a limiting part connected with each other, the limiting part being located at one end of the plurality of throttle structures close to the inlet to limit the throttle plug from separating from the inner cavity, and the filter part being arranged close to the inlet.

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