A deformation detection device and method for a bridge guardrail

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of bridge monitoring, in particular to a deformation detection device and method for bridge guardrails. The deformation detection device for bridge guardrails comprises a transverse detection assembly and a longitudinal detection assembly. The transverse detection assembly comprises a laser emitting part, a laser receiving part and a moving mechanism. The laser emitting part and the laser receiving part are driven by the moving mechanism to move along the extension direction of the guardrail, so as to realize segmented transverse deformation detection of the full length range of the guardrail and avoid missing hidden deformation in the middle area. The longitudinal detection assembly is used for detecting the longitudinal deformation of the guardrail, and forms a transverse-longitudinal bidirectional detection system with the transverse detection assembly, so as to accurately locate the deformation position and degree, significantly improve the integrity and accuracy of the deformation detection of the guardrail, and provide reliable data support for the maintenance of the guardrail.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bridge monitoring, in particular to a deformation detection device and method for bridge guardrails. BACKGROUND

[0002] Guardrails are core protective structures for ensuring the safety of bridge traffic, preventing vehicles or pedestrians from accidentally falling off the bridge, and buffering the impact force. Since the guardrails may produce invisible deformation due to factors such as vehicle impact, weather erosion, and material aging, which seriously threatens the safety of traffic, it is necessary to regularly conduct comprehensive detection of the guardrails through a deformation detection device.

[0003] Traditional deformation detection devices achieve deformation detection of guardrails through laser transmission and reception principles. In use, the laser emitting part and the laser receiving part are fixed at the preset fixed points on both ends of the guardrail, respectively. The device is started to emit laser, and the degree of deformation of the guardrail is reflected by judging whether the laser signal is stably received and the deviation of the received signal, thereby providing accurate basis for timely maintenance of the guardrail.

[0004] However, the fixed point distance between the laser emitting part and the laser receiving part is large and cannot be dynamically adjusted, resulting in that the deformation detection device can only collect data at both ends of the guardrail, missing hidden deformation information in the middle region of the guardrail due to uneven stress and local erosion. This will cause the monitoring result to not truly reflect the deformation of the guardrail at all places, and cannot accurately identify local hidden dangers, thereby leading to untimely maintenance of the guardrail and burying the risk of traffic safety. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a deformation detection device for bridge guardrails in view of the problem that the current deformation detection device cannot dynamically collect the overall deformation information of the guardrail.

[0006] The above-mentioned purpose is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A deformation detection device for bridge guardrails, comprising:

[0008] A transverse detection assembly, the transverse detection assembly comprising a laser emitting part, a laser receiving part, and a moving mechanism; the laser emitting part is used for emitting laser to the laser receiving part; the laser receiving part is used for receiving laser and detecting the transverse deformation of the guardrail based on the change of the laser signal; the moving mechanism is provided with two, each of the moving mechanisms can movably place the laser emitting part or the laser receiving part on the surface of the guardrail, and can also drive the laser emitting part or the laser receiving part to move along the extension direction of the guardrail.

[0009] A longitudinal detection assembly, the longitudinal detection assembly is used for detecting the longitudinal deformation of the guardrail.

[0010] Further, the moving mechanism comprises a first moving plate, a magnetic attraction assembly and a driving assembly; the laser emitting part or the laser receiving part is fixedly installed on the first moving plate; the magnetic attraction assembly can provide an attraction force to attract the first moving plate to the guardrail; and the driving assembly is used to provide a driving force for the movement of the first moving plate on the guardrail.

[0011] Further, the magnetic attraction assembly is provided in plurality, and the plurality of magnetic attraction assemblies are uniformly distributed on a side wall surface of the first moving plate facing the guardrail; each magnetic attraction assembly comprises an attraction rod, a movable structure and a moving wheel; one end of the attraction rod is movably connected to the first moving plate through the movable structure; the moving wheel is rotatably connected to the other end of the attraction rod; the attraction rod is used to provide an attraction force to attract the moving wheel to the surface of the guardrail; the outer wall contour of the moving wheel is adapted to the surface contour of the guardrail to ensure that the moving wheel can move along the surface of the guardrail; and the driving assembly is used to drive any one of the moving wheels to rotate.

[0012] Further, the movable structure comprises a linear unit and a rotating unit; the linear unit is used to enable the attraction rod to move along its own axial direction relative to the first moving plate; and the rotating unit is used to enable the attraction rod to rotate relative to the first moving plate about the connecting point of the attraction rod and the first moving plate.

[0013] Further, the linear unit comprises a telescopic cylinder and an elastic member; one end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the first moving plate through the rotating unit, and the other end is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the attraction rod; and the two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the telescopic cylinder and the attraction rod; the elastic force of the elastic member always keeps the initial relative position of the telescopic cylinder and the attraction rod.

[0014] Further, the rotating unit comprises a connecting ball and a ball joint block; the connecting ball is fixedly connected to one end of the telescopic cylinder close to the first moving plate; and the ball joint block is fixedly connected to the first moving plate; the connecting ball can be embedded in the ball joint block and movably connected to the ball joint block through spherical surface fitting.

[0015] Further, the moving mechanism further comprises a cleaning assembly; the cleaning assembly is used to clean the surface of the guardrail when the first moving plate moves along the surface of the guardrail.

[0016] Further, the cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning shaft; the two ends of the cleaning shaft are rotatably connected to the first moving plate, and the cleaning shaft can rotate synchronously with the moving wheel; the surface of the cleaning shaft is fixedly covered with a cleaning member for cleaning the guardrail; and when the cleaning shaft rotates, the cleaning member cleans the surface of the guardrail.

[0017] Further, the longitudinal detection assembly comprises a second moving plate, a longitudinal sensor and a power source; the second moving plate is capable of moving along the extension direction of the guardrail; the longitudinal sensor is connected to the second moving plate, and the longitudinal sensor is capable of moving along a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the guardrail, and the longitudinal sensor is used for detecting the longitudinal deformation of the guardrail; and the power source is capable of driving the second moving plate to move on the guardrail, and the power source is also capable of driving the longitudinal sensor to move on the second moving plate.

[0018] The application further provides a deformation detection method of a bridge guardrail, which is applied to the bridge guardrail deformation detection device and comprises the following steps.

[0019] S100, the laser emitting part is fixed on the first end of the guardrail by one of the moving mechanisms, and the laser receiving part is fixed on the middle part of the guardrail by the other moving mechanism, so as to form a first detection area; then, the laser emitting part emits laser to the laser receiving part, so as to detect the lateral deformation of the first detection area; wherein, the two ends of the guardrail are the first end and the second end respectively.

[0020] S200, based on the detection result of S100, if no lateral deformation is detected, the laser emitting part is driven to move to the middle part of the guardrail, and the laser receiving part is driven to move to the second end of the guardrail, so as to form a second detection area; then, the laser emitting part emits laser again, and the laser receiving part receives the laser, so as to detect the lateral deformation of the second detection area.

[0021] S300, if lateral deformation is detected in S100 or S200, the longitudinal detection assembly is started to detect the longitudinal deformation of the area where the lateral deformation is detected.

[0022] S400, the steps of S100 to S300 are repeatedly executed until the deformation detection of the whole length of the guardrail is completed.

[0023] The application has the following advantages:

[0024] This invention provides a deformation detection device and method for bridge railings. The deformation detection device includes a lateral detection component and a longitudinal detection component. The lateral detection component includes a laser emitter, a laser receiver, and a moving mechanism. The moving mechanism drives the laser emitter and laser receiver to move along the railing's extension direction, dividing the railing's entire length into multiple segments for sequential lateral deformation detection. This avoids missing hidden deformations in intermediate areas, ensuring comprehensive lateral deformation detection. When the laser receiver detects a deviation in the laser signal and determines that a certain segment of the railing has undergone lateral deformation, the longitudinal detection component moves between the laser emitter and laser receiver, achieving precise longitudinal detection of the deformed area. This enables comprehensive deformation detection of the railing, effectively identifying hidden hazards, significantly improving detection reliability, providing accurate data support for timely railing maintenance, and reducing traffic safety risks. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a deformation detection device for a bridge railing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The front view of the structure shown;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Side view of the structure shown;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the moving mechanism in a deformation detection device for a bridge railing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point C;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 6 The front view of the structure shown;

[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A cross-sectional view along the DD direction;

[0034] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified view of a section at point E in the middle.

[0035] in:

[0036] 110, guardrail; 120, post;

[0037] 210, laser emitting part; 220, laser receiving part; 230, first moving plate; 231, ball joint; 232, connecting block; 240, moving wheel; 241, fourth gear; 250, adsorption rod; 260, telescopic cylinder; 261, connecting ball; 270, rotating motor; 280, cleaning shaft; 281, third gear;

[0038] 310, second moving plate; 311, limiting block; 320, longitudinal inductor; 330, threaded rod; 331, first gear; 340, first motor; 341, second gear; 350, second motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following further describes the present application with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not used to limit the present application.

[0040] The serial numbers of components in this paper, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the described objects and do not have any sequence or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" of the present application include direct and indirect connection (coupling) unless otherwise specified. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0041] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact between the first and second features through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0042] The following refers to Figures 1 to 10 The deformation detection device of the bridge guardrail provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a transverse detection assembly and a longitudinal detection assembly.

[0043] The guardrail 110 is an integrally formed plate-shaped protective structure, and the surface facing the passing side is in a continuous and uninterrupted wavy shape. The convex and concave parts are alternately and uniformly distributed along the extension direction of the guardrail 110. The apex of the convex part and the valley of the concave part form a fixed height difference, and the curvature radius of the wavy surface is a fixed value.

[0044] The guardrail 110 is fixed at both ends with a stand column 120. The stand column 120 is a rigid structure in a cylindrical or rectangular column shape. The stand column 120 is vertically fixed to the preset mounting point of the bridge, and the top end of the stand column 120 is fixedly connected with the guardrail 110, for providing stable support for the guardrail 110, so that the guardrail 110 always maintains the preset protective height and horizontal extension posture during long-term use.

[0045] The transverse detection assembly includes a laser emitting part 210, a laser receiving part 220, and a moving mechanism.

[0046] The laser emitting part 210 has a stable laser emitting function, for emitting laser to the laser receiving part 220. The laser receiving part 220 has a laser signal capturing and analyzing function, for accurately receiving the laser emitted by the laser emitting part 210, and completing the detection of the transverse deformation of the guardrail 110 based on the changes such as the offset and interruption of the laser signal.

[0047] The moving mechanism is provided with two, and each moving mechanism is used to drive the corresponding laser emitting part 210 or laser receiving part 220 to stably move along the surface of the guardrail 110. Each moving mechanism includes a first moving plate 230, a magnetic attraction assembly, and a driving assembly.

[0048] The first moving plate 230 is a plate body structure, and the extension direction of the first moving plate 230 is consistent with the extension direction of the guardrail 110. The laser emitting part 210 and the laser receiving part 220 are respectively fixedly arranged at the middle position of the outer wall of one first moving plate 230, so as to ensure that the installation positions of the laser emitting part 210 and the laser receiving part 220 are accurately centered.

[0049] The magnetic attraction assembly is provided with a plurality of magnetic attraction assemblies, which are uniformly and spacedly arranged on the side wall surface of the first moving plate 230 facing the guardrail 110, and the arrangement positions of every two magnetic attraction assemblies located on the same horizontal plane correspond to one convex part of the surface of the guardrail 110. Each magnetic attraction assembly includes an adsorption rod 250, a moving wheel 240, and a movable structure.

[0050] The adsorption rod 250 is a rod-shaped structure with strong magnetic adsorption performance. The adsorption rod 250 has stable adsorption force. One end of the adsorption rod 250 is movably connected to the inner wall of the first moving plate 230. The adsorption rod 250 is used to provide continuous adsorption force to adsorb the moving wheel 240 on the surface of the guardrail 110. Each moving wheel 240 is rotatably connected to the other end of an adsorption rod 250. The outer wall contour of the moving wheel 240 is matched with the contour of the convex part of the wavy surface of the guardrail 110, so as to ensure that the moving wheel 240 can smoothly roll along the surface of the guardrail 110 without jamming.

[0051] The movable structure includes a linear unit and a rotating unit.

[0052] The linear unit includes a telescopic cylinder 260 and an elastic member. One end of the telescopic cylinder 260 is connected to the first moving plate 230. The other end of the telescopic cylinder 260 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the adsorption rod 250, realizing the sliding fit of the telescopic cylinder 260 and the adsorption rod 250. The elastic member is a compression spring. The two ends of the compression spring are fixedly connected to the inner wall ends of the telescopic cylinder 260 and the outer wall ends of the adsorption rod 250, respectively. The elastic force of the compression spring always keeps the telescopic cylinder 260 and the adsorption rod 250 in the initial relative position. The telescopic cylinder 260 and the compression spring constitute an elastic self-adapting structure, enabling the telescopic cylinder 260 to elastically expand and contract along the axial direction of the adsorption rod 250. When the moving wheel 240 moves along the surface of the guardrail 110, the compression spring can adapt to the concave-convex undulating shape and local slight deformation of the surface of the guardrail 110 in real time. The telescopic displacement of the adsorption rod 250 in the telescopic cylinder 260 compensates for the height difference of the surface of the guardrail 110, ensuring that the moving wheel 240 always adheres to the surface of the guardrail 110 without detaching, while offsetting the influence of the local deformation of the guardrail 110 on the moving track, thereby guaranteeing the moving stability and detection accuracy of the laser emitting part 210 and the laser receiving part 220.

[0053] The rotating unit includes a connecting ball 261 and a ball joint block 231. The connecting ball 261 is a solid spherical structure fixedly connected to one end of the telescopic cylinder 260 close to the first moving plate 230. The inner wall of the first moving plate 230 is provided with a mounting groove matched with the ball joint block 231. The ball joint block 231 is a nut structure with a spherical inner wall. The ball joint block 231 is fixedly connected to the mounting groove in the inner wall of the first moving plate 230 by bolt fastening. After being fixed, the axis of the ball joint block 231 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first moving plate 230. The connecting ball 261 can be embedded in the spherical inner cavity of the ball joint block 231. The spherical surface of the connecting ball 261 is matched with the inner wall spherical surface of the ball joint block 231. The spherical surface fit realizes the omnidirectional movable connection of the telescopic cylinder 260 and the first moving plate 230, ensuring that the adsorption rod 250 can adjust the angle in real time according to the wavy concave-convex surface of the guardrail 110, always keeping the moving wheel 240 closely adhered to the surface of the guardrail 110, thereby guaranteeing the stability and detection continuity of the transverse detection assembly moving along the surface of the guardrail 110.

[0054] The driving assembly comprises a rotating motor 270. The outer wall of one of the telescopic barrels 260 is fixedly provided with an extension rod with a bent structure, and the extension direction of the extension rod is perpendicular to the axis of the telescopic barrel 260 and then is arranged towards the moving wheel 240. The rotating motor 270 is coaxially fixedly installed at one end of the corresponding moving wheel 240 through the extension rod, and the output shaft of the rotating motor 270 is coaxially fixedly connected with the moving wheel 240. The rotating motor 270 is used for providing stable driving force to drive the moving wheel 240 to rotate. Since each moving wheel 240 is attached to the surface of the guardrail 110, when the rotating motor 270 drives the corresponding moving wheel 240 to rotate on the guardrail 110, the other moving wheels 240 are synchronously rotated with the moving wheel 240 under the friction of the surface of the guardrail 110. The transverse driving force is generated through the friction between the moving wheels 240 and the surface of the guardrail 110, so as to drive the adsorption rod 250 to move transversely along the surface of the guardrail 110, and further drive the telescopic barrel 260, the elastic member, the connecting ball 261, the ball joint 231 and the first moving plate 230 to synchronously move transversely, so as to finally realize the stable transverse movement of the first moving plate 230 and the laser emitting part 210 or the laser receiving part 220 fixed thereon along the extension direction of the guardrail 110.

[0055] The longitudinal detection assembly comprises a second moving plate 310, a longitudinal inductor 320 and a power source.

[0056] The second moving plate 310 is a plate body structure arranged in parallel with the first moving plate 230, and the second moving plate 310 can stably move along the extension direction of the guardrail 110.

[0057] The longitudinal inductor 320 is slidably connected to the second moving plate 310, and the longitudinal inductor 320 can reciprocate up and down in the vertical direction. The longitudinal inductor 320 is internally provided with a laser emitting module and a receiving module. By emitting laser to the surface of the guardrail 110 and receiving the reflected laser signal, the longitudinal protrusion or depression degree of the surface of the guardrail 110 is calculated based on the propagation time difference and signal offset of the reflected laser, so as to accurately detect the longitudinal deformation of the guardrail 110 and ensure that the deformation data of the entire longitudinal range of the guardrail 110 is not missed.

[0058] The power source comprises a threaded rod 330, a first motor 340 and a second motor 350.

[0059] The threaded rod 330 is a cylindrical rod-shaped structure with continuous threads on the outer surface. The axial length of the threaded rod 330 is set to completely cover the horizontal total length of a single guardrail 110, and the length size is always greater than or equal to the horizontal length of the guardrail 110, so as to ensure that the longitudinal inductor 320 can cover all areas in the horizontal direction of the guardrail 110.

[0060] Two threaded rods 330 are arranged. The outer wall of the first moving plate 230 is spaced apart in the vertical direction and provided with two connecting blocks 232, the spacing of the two connecting blocks 232 matches the spacing of the two threaded rods 330, the inner wall of the connecting block 232 is provided as a smooth spherical surface structure, one end of the threaded rod 330 is fixedly connected with a ball, the spherical curvature of the ball is matched with the spherical curvature of the inner wall of the connecting block 232, the threaded rod 330 is connected with the spherical surface structure of the connecting block 232 through the ball at the end to form a spherical movable connection, so that the threaded rod 330 can freely swing around the center of the ball, and the connection stability is always maintained.

[0061] The outer wall of the second moving plate 310 is spaced apart in the vertical direction and provided with two limiting blocks 311, the limiting block 311 is provided with a through hole penetrating through the left and right end faces, and each threaded rod 330 penetrates through one limiting block 311 through the through hole, so that the first moving plate 230 and the second moving plate 310 are always in the same horizontal relative position, and the coordination of the horizontal detection and the vertical detection is ensured.

[0062] The outer wall of the threaded rod 330 is sleeved with a first gear 331, and the inner wall of the first gear 331 is provided with internal threads matched with the external threads of the threaded rod 330. The first motor 340 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one of the limiting blocks 311 at a predetermined installation position. The output shaft of the first motor 340 is coaxially provided with a second gear 341, and the second gear 341 is engaged with the first gear 331. When the first motor 340 drives the second gear 341 to rotate, the second gear 341 drives the first gear 331 to synchronously rotate through engagement transmission, and the first gear 331 converts the rotary motion into linear motion through thread cooperation with the threaded rod 330, thereby driving the second moving plate 310 to move stably in the horizontal direction, and the relative position accuracy with the guardrail 110 is always maintained during the movement.

[0063] The second motor 350 is fixedly installed on the second moving plate 310, and the output shaft of the second motor 350 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal inductor 320. The second motor 350 is used to drive the longitudinal inductor 320 to reciprocate in the vertical direction, so that the longitudinal inductor 320 can cover the entire longitudinal range of the guardrail 110.

[0064] Wherein, the two ends of the guardrail 110 are defined as a first end and a second end. Taking the middle part of the guardrail 110 as a dividing point, the region from the first end to the middle part of the guardrail 110 is defined as a first detection region, and the region from the middle part to the second end of the guardrail 110 is defined as a second detection region.

[0065] When detecting the single guardrail 110, the laser emitting part 210 is first stably adsorbed to the first end of the guardrail 110, and then the laser receiving part 220 is adsorbed to the middle part of the guardrail 110. At this time, the laser emitting part 210 emits laser to the laser receiving part 220, and the laser receiving part 220 completes the transverse deformation detection of the first detection area through the stable receiving state of the laser signal.

[0066] If the laser receiving part 220 detects that the laser signal has no deviation, that is, the first detection area does not produce transverse deformation, the laser emitting part 210 is moved to the middle part of the guardrail 110, and the laser receiving part 220 is moved to the second end of the guardrail 110. At the same time, when the first moving plate 230 on which the laser emitting part 210 is installed moves, the second moving plate 310 moves synchronously with the first moving plate 230 to realize the replacement of the detection area. The laser emitting part 210 continuously emits laser again, and the laser receiving part 220 stably receives the laser signal to complete the transverse deformation detection of the second detection area.

[0067] If the laser receiving part 220 detects that the laser signal has deviation in the first detection area detection, that is, the first detection area produces transverse deformation, the laser emitting part 210 and the laser receiving part 220 are respectively stopped and kept stationary at the two end positions of the first detection area. Then, the second moving plate 310 is driven to drive the longitudinal sensor 320 to move smoothly along the horizontal direction between the laser emitting part 210 and the laser receiving part 220; at the same time, the longitudinal sensor 320 is driven to move up and down along the vertical direction to conduct omnidirectional longitudinal deformation detection on the area with deformation in the first detection area, and realize accurate positioning of the deformation position and the deformation degree.

[0068] If the laser receiving part 220 detects that the laser signal has deviation in the second detection area detection, that is, the second detection area produces transverse deformation, the laser emitting part 210 is first moved and stopped at the first end of the guardrail 110, and the laser receiving part 220 is stopped at the second end of the guardrail 110. At this time, the two ends of the guardrail 110 are taken as the reference points to establish the detection reference. Then, the longitudinal sensor 320 is driven to move along the horizontal direction between the laser emitting part 210 and the laser receiving part 220, and the longitudinal sensor 320 is driven to move up and down along the vertical direction to conduct omnidirectional longitudinal deformation detection on the areas with deformation in the first detection area and the second detection area of the guardrail 110, and accurately position the deformation position and the degree.

[0069] The deformation detection of the remaining sections of the guardrail 110 is completely repeated the operation process of the above transverse section detection and longitudinal detection. The laser emitting part 210 and the laser receiving part 220 are moved to realize the sequential switching of the detection area, and the independent movement of the longitudinal sensor 320 is used to complete the omnidirectional detection of the deformation of each section, so that the guardrail 110 is completely covered without omission and dead angle.

[0070] Further, the outer wall of the moving wheel 240 is wrapped with a complete rubber layer, which directly contacts the wavy surface of the guardrail 110 and can effectively buffer the vibration generated when the moving wheel 240 rolls along the surface of the guardrail 110, ensuring the stability of the moving process of the moving wheel 240, and further ensuring the stability of the installation posture of the laser emitting part 210 and the laser receiving part 220, avoiding the deviation of the laser signal transmission caused by vibration, and ensuring the accuracy of the transverse deformation detection data.

[0071] Further, the outer part of the laser emitting part 210 and the laser receiving part 220 is fixedly sleeved with a light shielding pipe, which is a tubular structure with both ends penetrating through. The inner wall of the light shielding pipe is provided with a rough structure, which can absorb ambient stray light through diffuse reflection; at the same time, it can prevent rainwater, dust and other impurities from entering the core working area of the laser emitting part 210 and the laser receiving part 220, eliminate the interference of ambient light, rainwater and impurities on the emission and reception of laser signals, and ensure the stability of the transmission of laser signals.

[0072] Further, the moving mechanism further comprises a cleaning assembly for thoroughly cleaning the dust and impurities on the surface of the guardrail 110 when the laser emitting part 210 or the laser receiving part 220 moves along the surface of the guardrail 110, so as to ensure that the transmission path of the laser signal is not blocked.

[0073] The inner wall of the first moving plate 230 extends outwardly along the horizontal direction and has two mounting rods, which are rigid rod structures and whose extension direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first moving plate 230.

[0074] The cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning shaft 280, which is a cylindrical shaft body structure. The two ends of the cleaning shaft 280 are rotatably connected to the end of one mounting rod through bearings, so as to ensure that the cleaning shaft 280 can rotate flexibly around its axis.

[0075] A third gear 281 is fixedly sleeved on the cleaning shaft 280, and two fourth gears 241 are fixedly arranged at the ends of the moving wheel 240. One of the fourth gears 241 is engaged with the third gear 281. When the moving wheel 240 rotates, the fourth gear 241 rotates synchronously, and the fourth gear 241 drives the third gear 281 and the cleaning shaft 280 to rotate synchronously through engagement.

[0076] The surface of the cleaning shaft 280 is fixedly covered with a cleaning piece made of elastic wear-resistant material, and the overall profile of the cleaning piece is matched with the wavy outer profile of the guardrail 110, and can be fully attached to the surface of the guardrail 110. When the cleaning shaft 280 rotates synchronously with the moving wheel 240, the cleaning piece will clean the surface of the guardrail 110 in all directions, remove the attached dust, sundries and other obstructions, provide a clean surface environment for laser signal transmission and subsequent detection, and further ensure the accuracy of deformation detection.

[0077] In particular, the connection between adjacent guardrails 110 adopts a stacked structure, and the step-shaped protrusions formed by the structure are easy to hinder the movement of the moving wheel 240. The teeth of the fourth gear 241 at both ends of the moving wheel 240 are in a wedge-shaped structure, and the tooth height is greater than the step height of the connection, so that the fourth gear 241 can pass through the wedge-shaped guide of the teeth, so that the moving wheel 240 can smoothly climb and fall along the connection step, effectively avoiding the jamming or deviation of the moving wheel 240 at the connection.

[0078] The embodiment of the present application also provides a deformation detection method of a bridge guardrail, which is applied to the deformation detection device of the bridge guardrail in the above embodiment, and includes the following steps:

[0079] S100, performing transverse deformation detection on the first detection area.

[0080] S110, adsorbing and fixing the laser emitting part 210 to the first end of the guardrail 110.

[0081] S120, adsorbing and fixing the laser receiving part 220 to the middle part of the guardrail 110.

[0082] S130, the laser emitting part 210 emits laser to the laser receiving part 220, and the laser receiving part 220 receives the laser and detects the transverse deformation of the first detection area of the guardrail 110 based on the change of the laser signal.

[0083] S131, if the laser signal is stable and has no deviation, there is no transverse deformation, and S200 is executed; if the laser signal has deviation, the deformation position is recorded, and S300 is executed.

[0084] S200, performing transverse deformation detection on the second detection area based on the result of S100.

[0085] S210, driving the laser emitting part 210 to move to the middle part of the guardrail 110.

[0086] S220, driving the laser receiving part 220 to move to the second end of the guardrail 110.

[0087] S230, the laser emitting part 210 emits laser again, and the laser receiving part 220 receives the laser to detect the transverse deformation of the second detection area.

[0088] S231, if the laser signal is stable and unbiased, no lateral deformation is performed, S400; if the laser signal is biased, the deformation position is recorded, S300.

[0089] S300, longitudinal deformation detection is performed, based on S100 or S200, lateral deformation is detected.

[0090] S310, the source of lateral deformation is determined.

[0091] S311, if the lateral deformation is from S100, the laser emitting part 210 is kept at the first end, and the laser receiving part 220 is kept at the middle part of the guardrail 110.

[0092] S312, if the lateral deformation is from S200, the laser emitting part 210 is moved to the first end of the guardrail 110, and the laser receiving part 220 is kept at the second end of the guardrail 110.

[0093] S320, longitudinal deformation detection is performed on the area where the lateral deformation is detected. The longitudinal sensor 320 is driven to move horizontally between the laser emitting part 210 and the laser receiving part 220, covering the deformation area; at the same time, the longitudinal sensor 320 is driven to move up and down vertically, scanning the surface of the guardrail 110; the longitudinal sensor 320 emits laser and receives the reflected signal, calculates the longitudinal deformation, and records the deformation data and position.

[0094] S400, the detection is repeated until the deformation detection of the entire length of the guardrail 110 is completed.

[0095] S410, if there are still undetected segments of the guardrail 110, the steps of S100 to S300 are repeated.

[0096] S420, the entire guardrail 110 is detected, and the detection report is output.

[0097] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not contradict, they should be considered within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0098] The above embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A deformation detection device for bridge railings, characterized in that, include: A lateral detection component includes a laser emitter, a laser receiver, and a moving mechanism. The laser emitter emits a laser beam to the laser receiver. The laser receiver receives the laser beam and detects the lateral deformation of the guardrail based on changes in the laser signal. Two moving mechanisms are provided, each capable of movably placing the laser emitter or the laser receiver on the guardrail surface and also capable of driving the laser emitter or the laser receiver to move along the extension direction of the guardrail. The moving mechanism includes a first moving plate, a magnetic suction assembly, and a driving assembly; the laser emitting unit or the laser receiving unit is fixedly mounted on the first moving plate; the magnetic suction assembly includes an adsorption rod, a moving wheel, and a movable structure; one end of the adsorption rod is movably connected to the first moving plate through the movable structure; the moving wheel is rotatably connected to the other end of the adsorption rod; the adsorption rod provides adsorption force to adsorb the moving wheel onto the guardrail surface; the outer wall contour of the moving wheel is adapted to the surface contour of the guardrail to ensure that the moving wheel can move along the guardrail surface; The movable structure includes linear units and rotating units; The linear unit includes a telescopic cylinder and an elastic element; one end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the first moving plate, and the other end of the telescopic cylinder is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the adsorption rod, engaging with the adsorption rod; both ends of the elastic element are fixedly connected to the inner wall end of the telescopic cylinder and the outer wall end of the adsorption rod, respectively, and the elastic force of the elastic element always keeps the telescopic cylinder and the adsorption rod in their initial relative positions; when the moving wheel moves along the guardrail surface, the elastic element can adapt to the uneven shape and local minor deformation of the guardrail surface in real time, and compensate for the height difference of the guardrail surface through the telescopic displacement of the adsorption rod in the telescopic cylinder, so as to ensure that the moving wheel is always in contact with the guardrail surface and does not detach, while offsetting the influence of local deformation of the guardrail on the movement trajectory; The rotating unit includes a connecting ball and a ball-connecting block; the connecting ball is a solid spherical structure and is fixedly connected to one end of the telescopic cylinder near the first moving plate; the inner wall of the first moving plate is provided with a mounting groove adapted to the ball-connecting block at a preset position; the ball-connecting block is a nut structure with a spherical inner wall; the ball-connecting block is fixedly connected to the mounting groove on the inner wall of the first moving plate by bolt fastening; the axis of the ball-connecting block is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first moving plate; the connecting ball can be embedded in the spherical inner cavity of the ball-connecting block; the spherical surface of the connecting ball fits against the spherical inner wall of the ball-connecting block; the spherical fit enables the telescopic cylinder and the first moving plate to move in all directions, ensuring that the adsorption rod can adjust its angle in real time according to the wavy and uneven surface of the guardrail, and always maintain a tight fit between the moving wheel and the guardrail surface; The drive assembly is used to provide driving force for the movement of the first movable plate on the guardrail; A longitudinal detection component is used to detect the longitudinal deformation of the guardrail.

2. The deformation detection device for bridge railings according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple magnetic suction components are provided, and the multiple magnetic suction components are evenly distributed on the side wall of the first movable plate facing the guardrail.

3. The deformation detection device for bridge railings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving mechanism further includes a cleaning component; the cleaning component is used to clean the surface of the guardrail as the first moving plate moves along the surface of the guardrail.

4. The deformation detection device for bridge railings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly includes a cleaning shaft; both ends of the cleaning shaft are rotatably connected to the first movable plate, and the cleaning shaft can rotate synchronously with the movable wheel; the surface of the cleaning shaft is fixedly covered with a cleaning component for cleaning the guardrail, and the cleaning component cleans the surface of the guardrail when the cleaning shaft rotates.

5. The deformation detection device for bridge railings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal detection component includes a second movable plate, a longitudinal sensor, and a power source; the second movable plate is movable along the extension direction of the guardrail; the longitudinal sensor is connected to the second movable plate and is movable along a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the guardrail, and is used to detect longitudinal deformation of the guardrail; the power source is capable of driving the second movable plate to move on the guardrail, and the power source is also capable of driving the longitudinal sensor to move on the second movable plate.

6. A method for detecting the deformation of a bridge railing, applied to the deformation detection device for the bridge railing as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S100, the laser emitting part is adsorbed and fixed to the first end of the guardrail by one of the moving mechanisms, and the laser receiving part is adsorbed and fixed to the middle part of the guardrail by the other moving mechanism, forming a first detection area; then, the laser emitting part emits a laser to the laser receiving part to detect the lateral deformation of the first detection area; wherein, the two ends of the guardrail are the first end and the second end, respectively. S200, based on the detection result of S100, if no lateral deformation is detected, the laser emitting unit is driven to move to the middle part of the guardrail, and the laser receiving unit is driven to move to the second end of the guardrail to form a second detection area; subsequently, the laser emitting unit emits laser again, and the laser receiving unit receives laser to perform lateral deformation detection in the second detection area. S300, if lateral deformation is detected in S100 or S200, the longitudinal detection component is activated to perform longitudinal deformation detection on the area where lateral deformation is detected. S400, repeat steps S100 to S300 until the deformation detection of the entire length of the guardrail is completed.

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