Device and method for simulating invasion of oil-rich coal in-situ pyrolysis oil gas into roof rock

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-rich coal in-situ pyrolysis, and particularly relates to a device and a method for simulating invasion of oil-rich coal in-situ pyrolysis oil gas into roof rocks, the high-temperature and high-pressure environment where the roof rocks are located is highly reduced, and the whole process of generation of the pyrolysis oil gas and invasion of the pyrolysis oil gas into the roof rocks with different damage degrees is integrally simulated. And real-time multi-parameter synchronous monitoring is realized. Key experimental support is provided for deeply researching key mechanisms related to invasion of oil gas into roof strata in the in-situ pyrolysis process of oil-rich coal, including oil, gas and water multiphase fluid dynamic migration law, oil gas-rock interface chemical reaction and rock physical and mechanical property evolution induced by the oil, gas and water multiphase fluid dynamic migration law and oil gas-rock interface chemical reaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of in-situ pyrolysis technology of oil-rich coal, and particularly relates to an apparatus and method for simulating the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the intrusion of oil and gas into the roof rock. Background Technology

[0002] In-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal is a technology that enables underground coal pyrolysis and simultaneous recovery of oil and gas products, representing an important approach for the efficient and environmentally friendly development of oil-rich coal resources. However, this process involves a complex high-temperature and high-pressure environment, which can lead to volume shrinkage, deformation, and strength deterioration of the oil-rich coal seam, thereby compromising the integrity of the overlying roof strata. This creates pathways for pyrolysis oil and gas to intrude and migrate into the roof strata through fractures, resulting in oil and gas resource losses and the risk of formation environmental pollution. Furthermore, during in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, structural parameters such as the number, size, roughness, and shape of fractures in the roof strata significantly affect the migration path, intrusion range, and intrusion amount of pyrolysis oil and gas. A deep understanding of the migration and reaction of pyrolysis oil and gas in the roof rocks under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, as well as the mechanisms by which they modify rock properties, is crucial.

[0003] Currently, there is a lack of integrated devices and methods capable of effectively simulating the core process of real-time generation of pyrolysis oil and gas within oil-rich coal and its direct intrusion into the overlying roof rock. This deficiency significantly restricts the accuracy of evaluating the sealing properties of the roof rock during in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, hinders the accurate quantification of the extent of pyrolysis oil and gas intrusion into the roof strata, severely limits the fundamental understanding of the pyrolysis oil and gas intrusion process, and directly affects the accurate assessment of the environmental impact, efficient resource utilization, engineering safety assurance, and process optimization of in-situ pyrolysis technology.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a device and method to simulate the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the intrusion of oil and gas into the roof rock in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for simulating the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the intrusion of oil and gas into the roof rock. This method highly replicates the high-temperature and high-pressure environment of the roof rock, integrating the simulation of the entire process of oil and gas generation and intrusion into roof rocks with different degrees of damage (including the number, size, roughness, and shape of fractures), with real-time multi-parameter synchronous monitoring. This provides crucial experimental support for in-depth research into the key mechanisms involved in the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the intrusion of oil and gas into the roof rock strata—including the dynamic migration laws of multiphase fluids (oil, gas, and water), the chemical reactions at the oil-gas-rock interface, and the resulting evolution of rock physical and mechanical properties (such as permeability and strength).

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: a device for simulating the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the intrusion of oil and gas into the roof rock, comprising: a support frame; an oil-rich coal heating component disposed at the bottom inner side of the support frame, the oil-rich coal heating component being used to hold an oil-rich coal sample and heat the oil-rich coal sample to generate pyrolysis oil and gas; a roof rock placement component for placing a roof rock sample; and an oil and gas conveying component, the bottom end of which is connected to the top end of the oil-rich coal heating component, the top end of which is connected to the bottom end of the roof rock placement component. The oil and gas transport assembly is used to transport the pyrolysis oil and gas in the oil-rich coal heating assembly to the roof rock placement assembly; the heating and pressurizing assembly is located outside the roof rock placement assembly, and is used to heat the roof rock sample and apply vertical and lateral pressure to cause fracture damage to the roof rock sample, and the oil and gas transport assembly uniformly transports the pyrolysis oil and gas into the fracture damage of the roof rock sample; the data acquisition assembly is used to collect parameters of the pyrolysis oil and gas entering the fracture damage of the roof rock sample.

[0007] According to the present invention, an apparatus for simulating in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal to induce oil and gas intrusion into the roof rock is provided. The oil-rich coal heating component includes a high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor. The oil-rich coal sample is placed inside the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor. A heating coil is provided on the outside of the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor. A heat insulation layer is provided between the heating coil and the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor. The bottom end of the oil and gas conveying component is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor.

[0008] According to the present invention, an apparatus for simulating in-situ pyrolysis of oil and gas in oil-rich coal and its intrusion into the roof rock is provided. The oil and gas transportation component includes a pyrolysis oil and gas transportation pipe, which is equipped with a safety valve, a pressure transmitter, and a needle valve. The bottom end of the pyrolysis oil and gas transportation pipe is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor. The outside of the pyrolysis oil and gas transportation pipe is covered with a pyrolysis oil and gas pipeline insulation sleeve. The top end of the pyrolysis oil and gas transportation pipe is fixedly connected to a pyrolysis oil and gas disperser, which is connected to the bottom end of the roof rock placement component.

[0009] According to the present invention, a device for simulating the in-situ pyrolysis of oil and gas in coal rich in oil invading the roof rock is provided. The pyrolysis oil and gas disperser includes a pipeline connector. The bottom end of the pipeline connector is fixedly connected to the pyrolysis oil and gas conveying pipe. The top end of the pipeline connector is fixedly connected to a pyrolysis oil and gas dispersion chamber. The top wall of the pyrolysis oil and gas dispersion chamber is provided with a plurality of pyrolysis oil and gas outlets. A plurality of support columns are fixedly connected inside the pyrolysis oil and gas dispersion chamber. The support columns are staggered from the pyrolysis oil and gas outlets.

[0010] According to the present invention, an apparatus for simulating in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the intrusion of oil and gas into the roof rock is provided. The heating and pressurizing assembly includes a hydraulic servo controller, which is electrically connected to a vertical loading hydraulic cylinder and a lateral loading hydraulic cylinder. The vertical loading hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top end of the support frame, and a vertical loading plate is fixedly connected to the piston end of the vertical loading hydraulic cylinder. The vertical loading plate contacts the top wall of the roof rock placement assembly. There are two lateral loading hydraulic cylinders, which are fixedly connected to two opposite side walls of the support frame, respectively. A lateral loading plate is fixedly connected to the piston end of the lateral loading hydraulic cylinder, and the lateral loading plate contacts the side wall of the roof rock placement assembly.

[0011] According to the present invention, an apparatus for simulating in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the intrusion of oil and gas into the roof rock is provided. The lateral loading plate includes a rigid force transmission plate, which is fixedly connected to the piston end of the lateral loading hydraulic cylinder. A high-strength heat insulation plate is fixedly connected to the side of the rigid force transmission plate away from the lateral loading hydraulic cylinder. A pressure-resistant nickel-based alloy heat transfer layer is fixedly connected to the side of the high-strength heat insulation plate away from the rigid force transmission plate. The pressure-resistant nickel-based alloy heat transfer layer is in contact with the side wall of the roof rock placement component. A plurality of heating rods are provided inside the pressure-resistant nickel-based alloy heat transfer layer.

[0012] According to the present invention, an apparatus for simulating the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the intrusion of oil and gas into the roof rock is provided. The roof rock placement component includes a high-temperature sealing sleeve, the roof rock sample is placed inside the high-temperature sealing sleeve, a high-temperature and high-pressure heat insulation pad is provided on the outside of the high-temperature sealing sleeve, and the top of the oil and gas conveying component is connected to the bottom of the high-temperature sealing sleeve.

[0013] According to the present invention, an apparatus for simulating the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the intrusion of oil and gas into the roof rock is provided. The data acquisition component includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow meter, a temperature controller, an infrared gas spectrometer, and an oil and gas viscosity coefficient measuring instrument. The temperature sensor is installed inside the oil-rich coal sample and is electrically connected to the temperature controller via a data cable. Another temperature controller is installed at the bottom of the outer side of the high-temperature sealing sleeve. The pressure sensor and the flow meter are installed on the oil and gas conveying component. The inlet ends of the infrared gas spectrometer and the oil and gas viscosity coefficient measuring instrument are both connected to the oil and gas conveying component. The pressure sensor, the temperature controller, the infrared gas spectrometer, and the oil and gas viscosity coefficient measuring instrument are all electrically connected to a computer.

[0014] According to the present invention, an apparatus for simulating the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the intrusion of oil and gas into the roof rock is provided. The top of the roof rock placement component is fixedly connected to one end of an oil and gas discharge pipe, and the other end of the oil and gas discharge pipe is fixedly connected to an oil and gas collection device.

[0015] An experimental method for simulating the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the intrusion of oil and gas into the roof rock includes the following steps: pre-treating the collected roof rock samples; placing the oil-rich coal sample and the treated roof rock sample into the oil-rich coal heating component and the roof rock placement component, respectively, and sealing the oil-rich coal heating component and the roof rock placement component; pressurizing the roof rock sample in the roof rock placement component through a heating and pressurizing component and heating it to a predetermined temperature; heating the oil-rich coal sample through the oil-rich coal heating component to generate pyrolysis oil and gas, and monitoring the parameters of the pyrolysis oil and gas; transporting the pyrolysis oil and gas into the roof rock sample through an oil and gas transportation component; the pyrolysis oil and gas seeping upwards within the roof rock sample and finally being collected.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: 1. The present invention heats the oil-rich coal and the roof rock sample separately by constructing two independent heating systems, which can realize the real-time generation of pyrolysis oil and gas inside the oil-rich coal body and inject it into the roof rock sample through the oil and gas transportation component, thus comprehensively reflecting the generation of oil and gas from the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and its intrusion and migration behavior in the roof rock.

[0017] 2. By applying vertical and lateral pressure to the top rock sample, this invention can achieve precise adjustment of the three-dimensional pressure, effectively avoiding the limitations of uneven pressure and stress concentration under traditional mechanical loading methods, ensuring the uniformity of rock sample stress and enhancing the simulation accuracy of formation stress environment.

[0018] 3. The oil and gas delivery assembly of the present invention ensures that the pyrolysis oil and gas are spatially uniformly distributed during the injection of the roof rock sample through multi-point injection and flow control.

[0019] 4. This invention, through the set data acquisition components, completes real-time monitoring of key parameters (pressure, flow rate, composition) before oil and gas are injected into the top rock sample, providing key data support for subsequent analysis of its intrusion behavior in the rock sample.

[0020] 5. This invention can simulate the entire process of pyrolysis oil and gas intrusion into roof rocks with different degrees of damage (including the number, size, roughness and shape of fractures, etc.), and realize quantitative analysis between damage characteristics and the intrusion law and degree of pyrolysis oil and gas. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pyrolysis oil-gas disperser structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral loading plate structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the experimental method of the present invention.

[0026] The components include: 1. Oil-rich coal sample; 2. High-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor; 3. Thermal insulation layer; 4. Heating coil; 5. Temperature sensor; 6. Data cable; 7. Pyrolysis oil and gas delivery pipe; 8. Safety valve; 9. Pressure transmitter; 10. Thermal insulation sleeve for pyrolysis oil and gas pipeline; 11. Needle valve; 12. Pressure sensor; 13. Flow meter; 14. Pyrolysis oil and gas disperser; 141. Pyrolysis oil and gas outlet; 142. Support column; 143. Pyrolysis oil and gas dispersion chamber; 144. Pipeline connector; 15. Top rock sample; 16. High-temperature and high-pressure insulation. 17. Pad; 18. Vertical loading plate; 19. High-temperature sealing sleeve; 10. Lateral loading plate; 11. Heating rod; 12. Pressure-resistant nickel-based alloy heat transfer layer; 13. High-strength heat insulation board; 14. Rigid force transmission plate; 20. Temperature measuring and control instrument; 21. Oil and gas collection device; 22. Hydraulic servo controller; 23. Infrared spectral gas analyzer; 24. Oil and gas viscosity coefficient measuring instrument; 25. Computer; 26. Oil and gas discharge pipe; 27. Vertical loading hydraulic cylinder; 28. Lateral loading hydraulic cylinder; 29. ​​Sealing ring; 30. Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 4As shown, this invention provides a device for simulating the in-situ pyrolysis of oil and gas in a rich oil-bearing coal sample and its intrusion into the roof rock. The device includes: a support frame; a rich oil-bearing coal heating component disposed at the bottom inner side of the support frame, used to hold a rich oil-bearing coal sample 1 and heat it to generate pyrolysis oil and gas; a roof rock placement component for placing a roof rock sample 15; an oil and gas conveying component, the bottom end of which is connected to the top end of the rich oil-bearing coal heating component, and the top end of which is connected to the bottom end of the roof rock placement component, used to convey the pyrolysis oil and gas from the rich oil-bearing coal heating component to the roof rock placement component; a heating and pressurizing component disposed outside the roof rock placement component, used to heat the roof rock sample 15 and apply vertical and lateral pressure to induce fissure damage in the roof rock sample 15, and the oil and gas conveying component uniformly conveys the pyrolysis oil and gas into the fissure damage of the roof rock sample 15; and a data acquisition component for acquiring parameters of the pyrolysis oil and gas entering the fissure damage of the roof rock sample 15.

[0030] Furthermore, the oil-rich coal heating assembly includes a high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor 2, with the oil-rich coal sample 1 placed inside the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor 2. A heating coil 4 is installed on the outside of the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor 2, and a heat insulation layer 3 is installed between the heating coil 4 and the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor 2. The bottom end of the oil and gas conveying assembly is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor 2.

[0031] The oil-rich coal sample 1 in the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor 2 is continuously heated by the heating coil 4, so that it is pyrolyzed to produce high-temperature oil and gas.

[0032] The vessel body and the cover of the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor 2 are detachably connected by nuts 30, and a sealing ring 29 is provided between them for sealing.

[0033] Furthermore, the oil and gas transportation assembly includes a pyrolysis oil and gas transportation pipe 7, which is equipped with a safety valve 8, a pressure transmitter 9, and a needle valve 11. The bottom end of the pyrolysis oil and gas transportation pipe 7 is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor 2. The outside of the pyrolysis oil and gas transportation pipe 7 is covered with a pyrolysis oil and gas pipeline insulation sleeve 10. The top end of the pyrolysis oil and gas transportation pipe 7 is fixedly connected to a pyrolysis oil and gas disperser 14, which is connected to the bottom end of the roof slate placement assembly.

[0034] Furthermore, the pyrolysis oil and gas disperser 14 includes a pipeline connector 144, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the pyrolysis oil and gas conveying pipe 7, and the top end of which is fixedly connected to a pyrolysis oil and gas dispersion chamber 143. The top wall of the pyrolysis oil and gas dispersion chamber 143 is provided with a plurality of pyrolysis oil and gas outlets 141, and a plurality of support columns 142 are fixedly connected inside the pyrolysis oil and gas dispersion chamber 143. The support columns 142 are staggered from the pyrolysis oil and gas outlets 141.

[0035] The pyrolysis oil and gas dispersion chamber 143 can evenly distribute the input pyrolysis oil and gas across the entire working surface, ensuring that the oil and gas uniformly invade the top slab sample 15 in a stable flow state, effectively simulating the invasion process of oil and gas in actual pyrolysis.

[0036] Furthermore, the heating and pressurizing assembly includes a hydraulic servo controller 22, which is electrically connected to a vertical loading hydraulic cylinder 27 and a lateral loading hydraulic cylinder 28. The vertical loading hydraulic cylinder 27 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, and a vertical loading plate 17 is fixedly connected to the piston end of the vertical loading hydraulic cylinder 27. The vertical loading plate 17 contacts the top wall of the top rock placement assembly. There are two lateral loading hydraulic cylinders 28, which are fixedly connected to two opposite side walls of the support frame, respectively. A lateral loading plate 19 is fixedly connected to the piston end of the lateral loading hydraulic cylinder 28, and the lateral loading plate 19 contacts the side wall of the top rock placement assembly.

[0037] The hydraulic servo controller 22 controls the vertical loading hydraulic cylinder 27 and the lateral loading hydraulic cylinder 28, thereby applying the preset vertical and lateral stresses to the top rock sample 15 via the vertical loading plate 17 and the lateral loading plate 19, respectively, to achieve accurate simulation of the rock stress state. A high-temperature and high-pressure heat insulation pad 16 is set between the vertical loading plate 17 and the pyrolysis oil and gas disperser 14 to prevent heat loss and maintain a constant temperature environment for the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal. The entire outer surface of the top rock sample 15 is wrapped with a high-temperature sealing sleeve 18, which can effectively prevent the leakage of pyrolysis oil and gas, ensuring that the pyrolysis oil and gas only move inside the top rock sample 15 during the experiment.

[0038] Furthermore, the lateral loading plate 19 includes a rigid force transmission plate 194, which is fixedly connected to the piston end of the lateral loading hydraulic cylinder 28. A high-strength heat insulation plate 193 is fixedly connected to the side of the rigid force transmission plate 194 away from the lateral loading hydraulic cylinder 28. A pressure-resistant nickel-based alloy heat transfer layer 192 is fixedly connected to the side of the high-strength heat insulation plate 193 away from the rigid force transmission plate 194. The pressure-resistant nickel-based alloy heat transfer layer 192 is in contact with the side wall of the top rock placement component. Several heating rods 191 are provided inside the pressure-resistant nickel-based alloy heat transfer layer 192.

[0039] The lateral loading plate 19 adopts a multi-layer composite structure design, which can achieve rapid and uniform heating of the top rock sample 15 and ensure that the loading stress is accurately transferred to the top rock sample 15.

[0040] Furthermore, the top slate placement assembly includes a high-temperature sealing sleeve 18, with the top slate sample 15 placed inside the high-temperature sealing sleeve 18. A high-temperature and high-pressure heat insulation pad 16 is provided on the outside of the high-temperature sealing sleeve 18, and the top of the oil and gas transport assembly is connected to the bottom of the high-temperature sealing sleeve 18.

[0041] Furthermore, the data acquisition components include a temperature sensor 5, a pressure sensor 12, a flow meter 13, a temperature controller 20, an infrared gas spectrometer 23, and an oil-gas viscosity coefficient measuring instrument 24. The temperature sensor 5 is installed inside the oil-rich coal sample 1 and is electrically connected to the temperature controller 20 via a data cable 6. Another temperature controller 20 is installed at the bottom of the high-temperature sealing sleeve 18. The pressure sensor 12 and the flow meter 13 are installed on the oil-gas conveying assembly. The air inlets of the infrared gas spectrometer 23 and the oil-gas viscosity coefficient measuring instrument 24 are both connected to the oil-gas conveying assembly. The pressure sensor 12, the temperature controller 20, the infrared gas spectrometer 23, and the oil-gas viscosity coefficient measuring instrument 24 are all electrically connected to a computer 25.

[0042] Temperature sensor 5 is used to monitor the internal temperature of oil-rich coal sample 1 in real time during the pyrolysis process. Temperature controller 20 can independently adjust the heating coil 4 in the oil-rich coal pyrolysis system and the heating rod 191 in the pyrolysis oil and gas intrusion rock sample system, thereby achieving precise differential control of the temperature field between the oil-rich coal pyrolysis process and the roof rock sample.

[0043] The infrared gas spectrometer 23 and the oil and gas viscosity coefficient measuring instrument 24 can monitor and analyze the pyrolysis oil and gas components and physical properties generated at different pyrolysis stages in real time, providing key data support for studying the intrusion state of pyrolysis oil and gas in rock samples.

[0044] Furthermore, one end of the top of the slate placement component is fixedly connected to an oil and gas discharge pipe 26, and the other end of the oil and gas discharge pipe 26 is fixedly connected to an oil and gas collection device 21.

[0045] The pyrolysis oil and gas generated from the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal enters the pyrolysis oil and gas disperser 14 through the pyrolysis oil and gas delivery pipe 7, and is uniformly injected into the bottom of the roof rock sample 15 under its action, simulating the process of spontaneous intrusion of pyrolysis oil and gas into the roof rock layer. The seeped oil and gas is discharged through the oil and gas discharge pipe 26 and collected in the oil and gas collection device 21, providing a basis for subsequent product analysis. During the process of injecting pyrolysis oil and gas into the roof rock sample 15 through the pyrolysis oil and gas delivery pipe 7, the injection pressure and flow rate of the pyrolysis oil and gas are monitored in real time by the pressure sensor 12 and the flow meter 13.

[0046] An experimental method for simulating the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the intrusion of oil and gas into the roof rock includes the following steps: pre-treating the collected roof rock sample 15 to obtain the sample to be tested; placing the oil-rich coal sample 1 and the treated roof rock sample 15 into the oil-rich coal heating component and the roof rock placement component respectively, and sealing the oil-rich coal heating component and the roof rock placement component; applying a predetermined axial pressure and confining pressure to the roof rock sample 15, turning on the heating rod 191, and heating the roof rock sample 15 to a predetermined temperature; heating the oil-rich coal sample 1 to pyrolyze it to generate high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas, and monitoring the flow rate, pressure, and composition of the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas in real time; uniformly injecting the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas into the bottom of the roof rock sample 15 through the pyrolysis oil and gas disperser 14 to simulate the behavior of pyrolysis oil and gas intruding into the roof rock layer; the pyrolysis oil and gas seeping upward in the roof rock sample 15 under stress loading, and finally being discharged from the top oil and gas discharge pipe 26 to the oil and gas collection device 21 for collection.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0048] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the intrusion of oil and gas into the roof rock, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a coal pyrolysis oil gas injection device for coalbed methane reservoir simulation experiment, which comprises the following components: a support frame; a rich oil coal heating assembly arranged at the bottom of the inside of the support frame, which is used for containing a rich oil coal sample (1) and heating the rich oil coal sample (1) to produce pyrolysis oil gas; a roof rock placing assembly, which is used for placing a roof rock sample (15); an oil gas conveying assembly, the bottom end of which is communicated with the top end of the rich oil coal heating assembly, and the top end of which is communicated with the bottom end of the roof rock placing assembly, which is used for conveying the pyrolysis oil gas in the rich oil coal heating assembly into the roof rock placing assembly; a heating and pressurizing assembly arranged outside the roof rock placing assembly, which is used for heating and applying vertical and lateral pressure to the roof rock sample (15) to cause fissure damage to the roof rock sample (15), and the pyrolysis oil gas is uniformly conveyed into the fissure damage of the roof rock sample (15) by the oil gas conveying assembly; a data acquisition assembly, which is used for acquiring parameters of the pyrolysis oil gas entering into the fissure damage of the roof rock sample (15).

2. The apparatus for simulating the oil and gas invasion into the roof rock of the in-situ pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rich oil coal heating assembly comprises a high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor (2), the rich oil coal sample (1) is placed in the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor (2), a heating coil (4) is arranged outside the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor (2), a heat insulation layer (3) is arranged between the heating coil (4) and the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor (2), and the bottom end of the oil gas conveying assembly is communicated with the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor (2).

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the apparatus further comprises a means for simulating the invasion of the oil and gas from the oil and gas produced by the in situ pyrolysis of the oil shale into the overburden rock. The oil gas conveying assembly comprises a pyrolysis oil gas conveying pipe (7), a safety valve (8), a pressure transmitter (9) and a needle valve (11) are arranged on the pyrolysis oil gas conveying pipe (7), the bottom end of the pyrolysis oil gas conveying pipe (7) is communicated with the high-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis reactor (2), the pyrolysis oil gas conveying pipe (7) is coated with a pyrolysis oil gas pipeline heat preservation sleeve (10) outside, the top end of the pyrolysis oil gas conveying pipe (7) is fixedly communicated with a pyrolysis oil gas disperser (14), and the pyrolysis oil gas disperser (14) is communicated with the bottom end of the roof rock placing assembly.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the apparatus further comprises a means for simulating the invasion of the oil and gas from the oil and gas produced by the in situ pyrolysis of the oil shale into the overburden rock. The pyrolysis oil gas disperser (14) comprises a pipeline connecting head (144), the bottom end of the pipeline connecting head (144) is fixedly communicated with the pyrolysis oil gas conveying pipe (7), the top end of the pipeline connecting head (144) is fixedly communicated with a pyrolysis oil gas dispersing cavity (143), a plurality of pyrolysis oil gas outlets (141) are arranged on the top wall of the pyrolysis oil gas dispersing cavity (143), a plurality of support columns (142) are fixedly connected in the pyrolysis oil gas dispersing cavity (143), and the support columns (142) are arranged staggeredly with the pyrolysis oil gas outlets (141).

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a means for simulating the invasion of the oil and gas from the oil and gas produced by the in situ pyrolysis of the oil shale into the overburden rock. The heating and pressurizing assembly comprises a hydraulic servo controller (22) which is electrically connected with a vertical loading hydraulic cylinder (27) and a lateral loading hydraulic cylinder (28), the vertical loading hydraulic cylinder (27) is fixedly connected with the top end of the support frame, the piston end of the vertical loading hydraulic cylinder (27) is fixedly connected with a vertical loading plate (17), the vertical loading plate (17) is in contact with the top wall of the roof rock placing assembly, the lateral loading hydraulic cylinder (28) is two in number and is fixedly connected with two opposite side walls of the support frame, the piston end of the lateral loading hydraulic cylinder (28) is fixedly connected with a lateral loading plate (19), and the lateral loading plate (19) is in contact with the side wall of the roof rock placing assembly.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the apparatus further comprises a means for simulating the invasion of the oil and gas from the oil and gas produced by the in situ pyrolysis of the oil shale into the overburden rock. The lateral loading plate (19) comprises a rigid force transmission plate (194) which is fixedly connected with the piston end of the lateral loading hydraulic cylinder (28), the side of the rigid force transmission plate (194) away from the lateral loading hydraulic cylinder (28) is fixedly connected with a high-strength heat insulation plate (193), the side of the high-strength heat insulation plate (193) away from the rigid force transmission plate (194) is fixedly connected with a pressure-resistant nickel-based alloy heat transfer layer (192), the pressure-resistant nickel-based alloy heat transfer layer (192) is in contact with the side wall of the roof rock placing assembly, and the pressure-resistant nickel-based alloy heat transfer layer (192) is internally provided with a plurality of heating rods (191).

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a means for simulating the invasion of oil and gas from the oil and gas produced by the in situ pyrolysis of the oil shale into the overburden rock. The roof rock placing assembly comprises a high-temperature sealing sleeve (18), the roof rock sample (15) is placed in the high-temperature sealing sleeve (18), and a high-temperature and high-pressure heat insulation pad layer (16) is arranged outside the high-temperature sealing sleeve (18), and the top end of the oil and gas conveying assembly is in communication with the bottom end of the high-temperature sealing sleeve (18).

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the apparatus is characterized by: The data acquisition assembly comprises a temperature sensor (5), a pressure sensor (12), a flow meter (13), a temperature measurement and control instrument (20), an infrared spectrum gas analyzer (23) and an oil and gas viscosity coefficient tester (24), the temperature sensor (5) is arranged in the oil-rich coal sample (1), the temperature sensor (5) is electrically connected with the temperature measurement and control instrument (20) through a data line (6), another temperature measurement and control instrument (20) is arranged at the bottom outside of the high-temperature sealing sleeve (18), the pressure sensor (12) and the flow meter (13) are arranged on the oil and gas conveying assembly, the gas inlet ends of the infrared spectrum gas analyzer (23) and the oil and gas viscosity coefficient tester (24) are in communication with the oil and gas conveying assembly, and the pressure sensor (12), the temperature measurement and control instrument (20), the infrared spectrum gas analyzer (23) and the oil and gas viscosity coefficient tester (24) are electrically connected with a computer (25).

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is characterized by: The top end of the roof rock placing assembly is fixedly connected with one end of an oil and gas discharge pipe (26), and the other end of the oil and gas discharge pipe (26) is fixedly connected with an oil and gas collecting device (21).

10. An experimental method of simulating the oil and gas invasion into the cap rock of a simulated oil-rich coal in situ pyrolysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that, The method comprises the following steps: The collected roof rock sample (15) is pretreated, the oil-rich coal sample (1) and the pretreated roof rock sample (15) are respectively placed into the oil-rich coal heating assembly and the roof rock placing assembly, and the oil-rich coal heating assembly and the roof rock placing assembly are sealed; The roof rock sample (15) in the roof rock placing assembly is pressurized by the heating and pressurizing assembly, and heated to a predetermined temperature; The oil-rich coal sample (1) is heated by the oil-rich coal heating assembly to generate pyrolysis oil gas, and the parameters of the pyrolysis oil gas are monitored; The pyrolysis oil gas is transported into the roof rock sample (15) by the oil gas conveying assembly; The pyrolysis oil gas seeps and flows upward in the roof rock sample (15) and is finally collected.

Images