Rectifying circuit, voltage regulating circuit, transformer, circuit board assembly and server

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a rectifying circuit, a voltage regulating circuit, a transformer, a circuit board assembly and a server, and relates to the technical field of electronics. The rectifying circuit comprises a first output end, a secondary switching network and a first transformer. The first transformer includes a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a first auxiliary winding. The primary winding is magnetically coupled with the secondary winding, and the primary winding is magnetically decoupled from the first auxiliary winding; the first auxiliary winding comprises a first auxiliary inductor and a second auxiliary inductor which are connected in series; the secondary winding comprises a first secondary inductor and a second secondary inductor, the first secondary inductor and the second secondary inductor are both electrically connected with the first output end, the first auxiliary inductor is magnetically coupled with the first secondary inductor, and the second auxiliary inductor is magnetically coupled with the second secondary inductor. Therefore, the current of the first secondary inductor is rapidly increased, the second auxiliary inductor can be sensed through the first auxiliary inductor, and then the second auxiliary inductor is magnetically coupled to the second secondary inductor, so that rapid transient response performance is realized.

Description

Rectifier circuits, voltage regulator circuits, transformers, circuit board assemblies, servers Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to a rectifier circuit, a voltage regulating circuit, a transformer, a circuit board assembly, and a server. Background Art

[0002] To meet the growing demand for high-performance computing power in applications such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, processor technology must continue to advance. However, with the emergence of advanced process nodes, processor core voltages have gradually decreased, while the increasing computing power requirements have significantly increased current demands. Due to the diverse nature of processor loads, load currents can fluctuate dramatically, potentially causing significant transient voltage drops in the voltage regulation circuits used to power the processors, impacting normal processor operation.

[0003] Therefore, the rapid development of processor performance has placed increasingly stringent requirements on voltage regulation circuits, and current voltage regulation circuits are facing great challenges.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide a rectifier circuit, a voltage regulation circuit, a transformer, a circuit board assembly, and a server for optimizing the transient performance of the voltage regulation circuit.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a rectifier circuit is provided, comprising: a first input terminal and a first output terminal, a secondary switching network, and a first transformer. The first transformer comprises a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a first auxiliary winding; the primary winding is electrically connected to the first input terminal, the primary winding is magnetically coupled to the secondary winding, and the primary winding is magnetically decoupled from the first auxiliary winding; the first auxiliary winding comprises a first auxiliary inductor and a second auxiliary inductor connected in series; the secondary winding comprises a first secondary inductor and a second secondary inductor, both of which are electrically connected to the first output terminal, the first auxiliary inductor is magnetically coupled to the first secondary inductor, and the second auxiliary inductor is magnetically coupled to the second secondary inductor; the secondary winding is electrically connected to the secondary switching network, and the secondary winding is also electrically connected to the first output terminal. For two windings, if an induced voltage is generated at the port of the other winding when an AC current is passed through one of the windings, the two windings are said to be magnetically coupled to each other, and if the port voltage of the other winding is zero, the two windings are said to be magnetically decoupled from each other.

[0008] The rectifier circuit provided in the present application achieves a high step-down ratio through the turns ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding, so that the rectifier circuit can maintain the transformer characteristics of the traditional current doubler circuit. The first auxiliary winding is magnetically coupled to the secondary winding on the basis of magnetic decoupling from the primary winding, that is, the first auxiliary inductor is magnetically coupled to the first secondary inductor, and the second auxiliary inductor is magnetically coupled to the second secondary inductor. Then, when the current of the first secondary inductor increases rapidly in response to the load jump, the current in the first auxiliary inductor will also increase rapidly through the magnetic coupling between the first secondary inductor and the first auxiliary inductor. The second auxiliary inductor is connected in series with the first auxiliary inductor, so that the current in the second auxiliary inductor will also increase rapidly. Then, the second auxiliary inductor is magnetically coupled to the second secondary inductor, and the increase in the current of the second auxiliary inductor causes the current of the second secondary inductor to change synchronously. In this way, the currents of the first secondary inductor and the second secondary inductor can respond to the load jump at the same time, thereby achieving fast transient response performance and improving dynamic performance.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the rectifier circuit further includes a first active switching network configured to provide multiple voltages to a port of the first auxiliary winding, which receives the voltages. The first active switching network can dynamically adjust the voltage received by the first auxiliary winding. This voltage change, when applied to the leakage inductance of the first auxiliary winding, can increase the rate of change of the first auxiliary winding's current, significantly improving the circuit's transient response speed in scenarios with sudden load current changes.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the first active switch network includes a switch network, a voltage source, a first node, and a second node. The switch network is electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the voltage source and is also electrically connected to the first and second nodes. The first active switch network is configured to provide a voltage to the port of the first auxiliary winding via the first and second nodes. By controlling the voltage transmitted by the voltage source to the first and second nodes via the switch network, the voltage can be matched to both steady-state load and sudden load current changes.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the switch network includes a first switch and a second switch; the first switch is electrically connected between a first node and the positive electrode of a voltage source, and the second switch is electrically connected between the first node and the negative electrode of the voltage source; the second node is located between the second switch and the negative electrode of the voltage source. This switch network has a simple structure and can respond to scenarios where the load current suddenly increases or decreases.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the switch network includes a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, and a sixth switch; the third switch is electrically connected between the first node and the positive electrode of the voltage source, the fourth switch is electrically connected between the first node and the negative electrode of the voltage source, the fifth switch is electrically connected between the second node and the positive electrode of the voltage source, and the sixth switch is electrically connected between the second node and the negative electrode of the voltage source. This switch network structure is suitable for scenarios with sudden increases and decreases in load current, and improves the transient response performance of the rectifier circuit.

[0013] In a possible implementation, two ends of the first auxiliary winding are electrically connected to the first node and the second node respectively. The direct electrical connection signal transmission method can simplify the structure of the rectifier circuit.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the rectifier circuit further includes a capacitor electrically connected between the first auxiliary winding and the first active switch network. The addition of the capacitor maintains conversion efficiency while balancing transient performance. Furthermore, it reduces current ripple in the first auxiliary winding, thereby reducing output voltage ripple.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the rectifier circuit further includes a second transformer, wherein a first winding of the second transformer is electrically connected to both ends of the first auxiliary winding, and a second winding of the second transformer is electrically connected to the first node and the second node. By adding the second transformer to the rectifier circuit, voltage changes between the first node and the second node are not directly transmitted to the ports of the first auxiliary winding, but are instead reflected to the ports of the first auxiliary winding via the second transformer. Furthermore, the voltage amplitude at the ports can be adjusted based on the turns ratio of the first and second windings in the second transformer, thereby providing greater flexibility in the selection of the first active switch network.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the rectifier circuit further includes a second auxiliary winding and a second active switch network. The first active switch network is configured to provide a reference ground voltage and a positive voltage to the first auxiliary winding, while the second active switch network is configured to provide a reference ground voltage and a negative voltage to the second auxiliary winding. The combination of the first auxiliary winding and the first active switch network improves the rectifier circuit's transient response speed during sudden increases in load current. The combination of the second auxiliary winding and the second active switch network improves the rectifier circuit's transient response speed during sudden decreases in load current.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the first auxiliary inductor is electrically connected to the second node, and the second auxiliary inductor is electrically connected to the first node. This connection method can improve the transient response speed of the rectifier circuit when the load current suddenly increases.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the first auxiliary inductor is electrically connected to the first node, and the second auxiliary inductor is electrically connected to the second node. This connection method can improve the transient response speed of the rectifier circuit when the load current suddenly decreases.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the secondary winding includes a first secondary inductor and a second secondary inductor; the secondary switch network includes a first secondary switch and a second secondary switch; the first secondary switch is electrically connected between a first end of the first secondary inductor and a reference ground voltage terminal, and the second secondary switch is electrically connected between a second end of the second secondary inductor and the reference ground voltage terminal; the second end of the first secondary inductor and the first end of the second secondary inductor are respectively electrically connected to the first output terminal. This is a simple configuration.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the first input terminal includes a third node and a fourth node; the primary winding includes a first primary inductor and a second primary inductor; the first terminal of the first primary inductor is electrically connected to the third node, and the second terminal of the second primary inductor is electrically connected to the fourth node; and the second terminal of the first primary inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second primary inductor. This configuration is structurally simple.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the primary winding, the secondary winding, and the first auxiliary winding are wound on the same magnetic core. Configuring the first transformer in a magnetically integrated manner can improve the power density of the first transformer.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the magnetic core includes a first magnetic column and a second magnetic column; the first primary inductor and the first secondary inductor are wound on the first magnetic column, and the second primary inductor and the second secondary inductor are wound on the second magnetic column. This is a simple configuration.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the first auxiliary inductor is wound on the first magnetic column, and the second auxiliary inductor is wound on the second magnetic column. This is a simple configuration.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the magnetic core further includes a third magnetic column, the third magnetic column is located between the first magnetic column and the second magnetic column, and the first auxiliary inductor and the second auxiliary inductor are wound around the third magnetic column. This is a simple configuration.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the magnetic core includes a first magnetic column, a second magnetic column, and a third magnetic column. The first secondary inductor and the first auxiliary inductor are wound on the first magnetic column, the second secondary inductor and the second auxiliary inductor are wound on the second magnetic column, and the first primary inductor and the second primary inductor are wound on the third magnetic column. This is a simple configuration.

[0026] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a voltage regulating circuit is provided, comprising a primary switching network and at least one-phase rectifier circuit, wherein the second output end of the primary switching network is electrically connected to the first input end of the rectifier circuit; the rectifier circuit comprises the rectifier circuit of any one of the first aspects.

[0027] The voltage regulation circuit provided in the embodiments of the present application can include a multi-phase rectifier circuit when used in high-current applications. The first auxiliary windings in the multi-phase rectifier circuit can be connected in series or in parallel, thereby creating magnetic coupling between the multi-phase rectifier circuits, which can improve the transient performance of the voltage regulation circuit to a certain extent.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the multi-phase rectifier circuits share the same first active switch network, which can simplify the structure of the voltage regulation circuit.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the voltage regulation circuit includes a first-phase rectifier circuit and a second-phase rectifier circuit connected in series. The first input terminals of the first-phase rectifier circuit and the second-phase rectifier circuit are connected in series and electrically connected to the second output terminal of the primary switching network. The first auxiliary windings of the first-phase rectifier circuit and the second-phase rectifier circuit are connected in series and receive a voltage provided by the first active switching network. This is an optional connection method for a multi-phase rectifier circuit.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the voltage regulation circuit includes a first-phase rectifier circuit and a third-phase rectifier circuit connected in parallel. The first input terminals of the first-phase rectifier circuit and the third-phase rectifier circuit are both electrically connected to the second output terminal of the primary switching network. The first auxiliary windings of the first-phase rectifier circuit and the third-phase rectifier circuit are connected in parallel to receive the voltage provided by the first active switching network. This is an optional connection method for a multi-phase rectifier circuit.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the voltage regulation circuit includes a first-phase rectifier circuit and a fourth-phase rectifier circuit. The first-phase rectifier circuit and the fourth-phase rectifier circuit are electrically connected to different primary switch networks. The first auxiliary windings of the first-phase rectifier circuit and the fourth-phase rectifier circuit are connected in series and receive a voltage provided by the first active switch network. This is an optional connection method for a multi-phase rectifier circuit.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the multi-phase rectifier circuits share the same second active switch network, and the second auxiliary windings of the multi-phase rectifier circuits are connected in series or in parallel to receive the voltage provided by the second active switch network. This can simplify the structure of the voltage regulation circuit.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the first output terminals of the multi-phase rectifier circuits are electrically connected to each other. When the multi-phase rectifier circuits are connected in parallel, their current can reflect changes in the first auxiliary winding current with an amplification factor of n. This allows the current to increase significantly in a short period of time, quickly responding to load transients.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the primary switch network includes at least one of a half-bridge circuit, a full-bridge circuit, a push-pull circuit, or a forward circuit. The voltage regulation circuit of the present application is applicable to a variety of primary switch networks and has a wide range of applications.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the primary winding, secondary winding, and first auxiliary winding of at least two phase rectifier circuits are wound on the same magnetic core. Because the rectifier circuits of each phase are magnetically coupled by the first auxiliary windings, magnetic coupling in the transformer structure is not required. Therefore, there are no restrictions on the physical magnetic core of the first transformer in each phase rectifier circuit, and the multi-phase first transformer can be expanded to a magnetically integrated structure with more phases.

[0036] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a transformer is provided for use in a rectifier circuit. The transformer includes: a magnetic core, including a first magnetic column and a second magnetic column in parallel; a first winding, including a first coil and a second coil; the first coil is wound on the first magnetic column, and the second coil is wound on the second magnetic column; a second winding, including a third coil and a fourth coil; the third coil is wound on the first magnetic column, and the fourth coil is wound on the second magnetic column; and the third winding is wound on the magnetic core.

[0037] In the embodiments of the present application, the first, second, and third windings are integrated into the same magnetic core. This magnetic integration approach to the transformer reduces the number of magnetic components, optimizes the winding structure and magnetic flux path, reduces winding and core losses, reduces the size of the magnetic components, and improves the transformer's power density and efficiency. Furthermore, the transformer integrates a third winding in addition to the first and second windings. This increased number of windings in the transformer improves the consistency of the inductive magnetic coupling within the transformer.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the magnetic core further includes a third magnetic column, which is located between the first magnetic column and the second magnetic column; and the third winding is wound around the third magnetic column. This is a simple structure.

[0039] In one possible implementation, one of the first winding and the second winding is an input winding of a transformer, and the other is an output winding of the transformer. This is one possible application.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the first coil and the second coil are wound in opposite directions, and the third coil and the fourth coil are wound in opposite directions. This is a simple structure.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the first coil, the second coil, the third coil, and the fourth coil are wound in the same direction and in the opposite direction to the third winding. This is a simple structure.

[0042] In one possible implementation, one of the first winding and the third winding is an input winding of a transformer, and the other is an output winding of the transformer. This is one possible application.

[0043] In a possible implementation, at least a portion of the third winding is wound around the first magnetic column and / or the second magnetic column. This is a simple structure.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the third winding includes a fifth coil and a sixth coil; the fifth coil is wound on the first magnetic column, and the sixth coil is wound on the second magnetic column; the magnetic core also includes a fourth magnetic column and a fifth magnetic column; the transformer also includes a fourth winding, a fifth winding, and a sixth winding; the fourth winding includes a seventh coil and an eighth coil; the seventh coil is wound on the fourth magnetic column, and the eighth coil is wound on the fifth magnetic column; the fifth winding includes a ninth coil and a tenth coil; the ninth coil is wound on the fourth magnetic column, and the tenth coil is wound on the fifth magnetic column; the sixth winding includes an eleventh coil and a twelfth coil; the eleventh coil is wound on the fourth magnetic column, and the twelfth coil is wound on the fifth magnetic column. Because the inductor magnetic coupling within the transformer is highly consistent and magnetic coupling between sub-transformers does not need to be considered, the transformer can be integrated with multi-phase sub-transformers.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the first magnetic column, the second magnetic column, the fourth magnetic column, and the fifth magnetic column are arranged in a matrix, which is an arrangement with good magnetic coupling effect.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the first, second, fourth, and fifth magnetic pillars are arranged in a two-row, two-column matrix, with the first and second magnetic pillars located in the same row. This arrangement provides good magnetic coupling and a small number of magnetic pillars.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the first coil and the second coil are wound in the same direction, the seventh coil and the eighth coil are wound in the same direction, and the first coil and the seventh coil are wound in opposite directions. This is a simple structure.

[0048] In a possible implementation, the first coil and the second coil are wound in opposite directions, the seventh coil and the eighth coil are wound in opposite directions, and the first coil and the seventh coil are wound in opposite directions. This is a simple structure.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the first coil and the second coil are wound in the same direction, the seventh coil and the eighth coil are wound in opposite directions, and the first coil and the seventh coil are wound in opposite directions. This is a simple structure.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the magnetic core further includes a sixth magnetic column, which is located between the first magnetic column, the second magnetic column, the fourth magnetic column, and the fifth magnetic column. This is a simple structure.

[0051] In a possible implementation, the first magnetic pillar, the second magnetic pillar, the fourth magnetic pillar, and the fifth magnetic pillar are arranged in a matrix of one row and four columns or one column and four rows. This is a simple structure.

[0052] In a possible implementation, the magnetic core further includes a sixth magnetic column, which is located on one side of the first magnetic column, the second magnetic column, the fourth magnetic column, and the fifth magnetic column. This is a simple structure.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the coils wound on the same magnetic column are wound in the same direction. This is a simple structure.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the magnetic core further includes a third magnetic column positioned between the first and second magnetic columns. The magnetic core further includes a base, with the first, second, and third magnetic columns positioned on the same side of the base. The third winding includes a fifth coil and a sixth coil; the fifth coil is positioned between the first and third magnetic columns and fastened to the base; the sixth coil is positioned between the second and third magnetic columns and fastened to the base. This is a simple structure.

[0055] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a circuit board assembly is provided, comprising a circuit board and a voltage regulating circuit; the voltage regulating circuit comprises the voltage regulating circuit of any one of the second aspects, and the voltage regulating circuit is arranged on the circuit board.

[0056] In a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a circuit board assembly is provided, comprising a circuit board and a transformer; the transformer comprises the transformer of any one of the third aspects; the first magnetic column and the second magnetic column in the transformer penetrate the circuit board along the thickness direction of the circuit board, and the first winding, the second winding and the third winding in the transformer are integrated in the circuit board.

[0057] According to a sixth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a server is provided, comprising a circuit board assembly and a processor, wherein the processor is arranged on the circuit board assembly; the circuit board assembly comprises the circuit board assembly of the fourth aspect or the fifth aspect.

[0058] In a seventh aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a magnetic core assembly is provided, comprising: a base; a first magnetic column, a second magnetic column, and a third magnetic column, disposed on a first side of the base, with the third magnetic column located between the first and second magnetic columns; a winding, comprising a first coil and a second coil, with the first coil located between the first and third magnetic columns and fastened to the base from the first side; and the second coil located between the second and third magnetic columns and fastened to the base from the first side. The magnetic core assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided with a winding. When the magnetic core assembly is applied to a rectifier circuit, existing primary and secondary winding winding methods can be used, making it easy to implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply architecture of a server provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams illustrating the relative positional relationship between a server and a VRM in a circuit board assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG3A is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a conductive inductor voltage regulator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG3B is a working waveform diagram of a conductive inductor voltage regulator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG4A is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a current-doubling rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] 4B and 4C are schematic diagrams of a winding structure of a transformer in the circuit shown in FIG. 4A provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG6A is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a half-bridge rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG6B is a working waveform diagram of the half-bridge rectifier circuit shown in FIG6A provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] FIG7A is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG7B is a working waveform diagram of the rectifier circuit shown in FIG7A provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG8A is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG8B is a working waveform diagram of the rectifier circuit shown in FIG8A provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIG9A is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG9B is a working waveform diagram of the rectifier circuit shown in FIG9A provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a winding method of a transformer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] 14A-14E are schematic diagrams of a transformer winding method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] 15A-15F are schematic diagrams of a transformer winding method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] 16A and 16B are schematic structural diagrams of another first transformer according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] 17A and 17B are cross-sectional views of a circuit board assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] FIG18 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic core assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] 19A and 19B are schematic diagrams of a topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] 20A-20D are schematic diagrams of a topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] 22A-22B are schematic diagrams of a topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] FIG23 is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] FIG24 is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] 25A-25C are schematic diagrams of a topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] 26A and 26B are schematic diagrams of a transformer winding method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] 27A-27D are schematic diagrams of a transformer winding method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] FIG28 is a schematic diagram of a winding method of a transformer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0093] FIG29 is a schematic diagram of a winding method of a transformer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0094] FIG30 is a schematic diagram of a winding method of a transformer provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0095] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0096] Hereinafter, the terms "second," "first," etc., are used for descriptive convenience only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature qualified as "second," "first," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0097] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, directional terms such as "up", "down", "left", and "right" may be defined including but not limited to the orientation relative to the schematic placement of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms may be relative concepts, which are used for relative descriptions and clarifications, and may change accordingly according to changes in the orientation of the components in the drawings.

[0098] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; it can mean direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium. In addition, the term "electrical connection" can mean direct electrical connection or indirect electrical connection through an intermediate medium. The term "contact" can mean direct contact or indirect contact through an intermediate medium.

[0099] In the embodiments of the present application, "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0100] An embodiment of the present application provides a server, which can be used in a data center, for example.

[0101] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply architecture of a server provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0102] As shown in Figure 1, for example, the data center adopts a 48V bus power supply architecture. The grid-side voltage enters the data center after passing through the power distribution unit (PDU). The power supply unit (PSU) in the server first completes the AC / DC conversion through the AC / DC converter, and then reduces the voltage through the DC / DC converter to obtain a 48V DC bus voltage. The uninterruptible power supply (UPS) can also output a 48V DC bus voltage. Then, the 48V DC bus voltage is converted to a very low voltage (for example, 0.8V-1.8V) through the voltage regulator module (VRM) to power the processor. The processor may include, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc. The processor and VRM may be arranged on the circuit board (or motherboard) of the server to constitute the circuit board assembly in the server. Of course, other devices may also be arranged on the circuit board in the server. The embodiment of the present application only illustrates the processor and VRM.

[0103] 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams showing the relative positional relationship between a server and a VRM in a circuit board assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0104] The present application also provides a circuit board assembly. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2A , a VRM provides horizontal power to a processor. The VRM and the processor are located on the same side of the circuit board, with the VRM located to the side of the processor, and current is transmitted laterally from the VRM to the processor.

[0105] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG2B , the VRM supplies power vertically to the processor. The VRM and processor are located on opposite sides of the circuit board. For example, the VRM is placed on the back of the circuit board and the processor is placed on the front of the circuit board. The VRM and processor overlap on the circuit board, and current is transmitted vertically from the VRM to the processor.

[0106] Based on this, in the circuit board assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the VRM is used to directly convert the power from the 48V bus into the low voltage and high current required by the processor. The VRM and the processor can be located on the same side, or on opposite sides.

[0107] To meet the growing demand for high-performance computing power in applications such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, processor technology continues to advance. With the emergence of advanced process nodes, processor core voltages are gradually decreasing. At the same time, the increasing computing power requirements significantly increase current demands. Due to the diversity of load services, load currents can fluctuate dramatically, potentially generating significant transient voltage drops in the power supply network, impacting the normal operation of the processor.

[0108] To meet stringent transient performance requirements, the VRM output requires a large number of filter capacitors connected in parallel, or the VRM itself must possess excellent dynamic performance to reduce the need for output capacitance. However, as processor chip sizes continue to increase, VRM size constraints are becoming increasingly severe, especially as the space around the chip becomes increasingly tight, making it difficult for system boards to provide sufficient space to accommodate the large footprint of filter capacitors. Therefore, the rapid development of high-performance processors is placing increasingly stringent demands on VRMs. For example, VRMs face the following challenges: high-current supply capability (e.g., greater than 1000A), transient high-current jump capability (e.g., exceeding 1000A / µs), high power density, and high conversion efficiency.

[0109] Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of the topology of a conductive inductor voltage regulator according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3B is a diagram of the operating waveforms of a conductive inductor voltage regulator according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0110] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3A , a trans-inductor voltage regulator (TLVR) is provided. The TLVR is used to replace the traditional VRM to power the processor. The inductor used in the TLVR is actually similar to a transformer, consisting of a primary winding and a secondary winding. The turns ratio of the primary winding and the secondary winding is usually 1:1, and they are tightly magnetically coupled. The primary windings of each phase (P1-P4) are connected in series with each other and an additional compensation inductor Lc is connected. The secondary winding is connected between the switch node A of each phase and the voltage output terminal Vo. The voltage output terminals Vo of each phase are electrically connected to each other, and the voltage input terminals Vi of each phase are electrically connected to each other. The switch unit Q1 and the switch unit Q2 are used to play a selective control role in the on-off and input-output of each phase.

[0111] When the load current changes rapidly, the change in output voltage will cause the controller to respond. As shown in FIG3B , the controller accordingly adjusts the duty cycle of the drive signal (PWM1-PWM4) corresponding to the switch unit Q1 in each phase, causing the output current of each phase to increase or decrease. For traditional multi-phase VRMs, since the inductors of each phase are independent of each other, the output current of each phase circuit responds to load transients independently during dynamic operation. Therefore, the dynamic response speed is slow, resulting in a large drop in output voltage. The TLVR structure generates magnetic coupling between the inductors in each phase TLVR through a magnetic coupling path formed by the secondary winding and the compensation inductor Lc in series. As shown in FIG3B , when one of the phase circuits (for example, the second phase P2) responds to a load jump, the change in the inductor current of that phase will cause the current I of the compensation inductor Lc to increase. Lc and voltage V Lc The inductance of each phase changes with it, and is then transmitted to the other phase inductors through the magnetic coupling path. This magnetic coupling characteristic makes the output current (I P1 -I P4 ) can change simultaneously in response to load current jumps, achieving extremely fast transient response.

[0112] However, the TLVR structure shown in Figure 3A has poor conversion efficiency in high-step-down ratio scenarios, making it unsuitable for direct single-stage 48V to 0.8V conversion. In a 48V-0.8V power supply architecture, it is typically used as the post-stage of a two-stage power supply architecture, namely, a point-of-load (PoL) converter, responsible for stepping down a bus voltage such as 12V or 5V to 0.8V. However, the system efficiency and power density of a two-stage architecture are inferior to those of a single-stage power supply architecture solution.

[0113] Furthermore, during load transients, in the worst-case scenario, each phase TLVR simultaneously generates high voltages in the secondary windings. Since the primary winding is connected in series with the compensation inductor Lc, the compensation inductor Lc bears very high voltages, posing insulation and safety risks between the secondary and primary windings. Furthermore, TLVRs are typically discrete inductors and require an additional compensation inductor Lc, which has a large area and volume, making it difficult to meet the challenges of high power density.

[0114] Figure 4A is a schematic diagram of the topological structure of a current-doubling rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figures 4B and 4C are schematic diagrams of the winding structure of a transformer in the circuit shown in Figure 4A provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0115] Transformer-based single-stage power supply architectures can achieve high step-down ratios, potentially increasing conversion efficiency and power density. Current doubler rectifier (CDR) circuits are highly suitable for low-voltage, high-current power supply scenarios. However, the presence of three magnetic components—a transformer and two inductors—limits power density and efficiency. Therefore, the integration of the transformer and inductor is challenging.

[0116] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG4A , the CDR circuit includes a first transformer T1, a second transformer T2, a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a first secondary switch SR1, a second secondary switch SR2, an output capacitor Co, and a voltage output terminal Vo. The first inductor L1 is electrically connected between the voltage output terminal Vo and the first secondary switch SR1, the second inductor L2 is electrically connected between the voltage output terminal Vo and the second secondary switch SR2, the other ends of the first secondary switch SR1 and the second secondary switch SR2 are electrically connected to a reference ground voltage terminal GND, one end of the output capacitor Co serves as the voltage output terminal Vo, and the other end of the output capacitor Co is electrically connected to the reference ground voltage terminal GND.

[0117] By using the transformer's excitation inductance as the output inductance of the current-doubler rectifier, the integration of one transformer and two inductors is simplified to the integration of a first transformer T1 and a second transformer T2, effectively solving the problem of magnetic integration design.

[0118] As shown in FIG4B , based on the structure of the current-doubling rectifier circuit of FIG4A , in some embodiments, the integration of the first transformer T1 and the second transformer T2 in the two-phase current-doubling rectifier circuit enables the magnetic core structure to have four array-arranged magnetic columns, and a set of primary windings and secondary windings wound on each magnetic column constitute a transformer, thereby integrating four transformers into one magnetic core. In FIG4B , the arrows indicate the direction of the current in the winding, and the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the current in the magnetic column is represented by the symbols “×” and “·”, respectively. “×” indicates that the direction of the magnetic flux is perpendicular to the paper from outside to inside, and “·” indicates that the direction of the magnetic flux is perpendicular to the paper from inside to outside.

[0119] As shown in FIG4C , based on the structure of FIG4A , in other embodiments, the integration of the first transformer T1 and the second transformer T2 enables the magnetic core structure to have four magnetic columns arranged side by side, and a set of primary windings and secondary windings wound on each magnetic column constitute a transformer, thereby integrating four transformers into one magnetic core.

[0120] In the structures shown in Figures 4B and 4C, the magnetic flux of each magnetic column is in the same direction. From the perspective of the secondary winding, the negative magnetic coupling characteristic of the inductor is utilized to ensure that the magnetic flux generated by each winding is reversely magnetically coupled to the other three windings, resulting in negative magnetic coupling between the four inductors. This negative magnetic coupling characteristic can significantly reduce transient inductance, improving transient response without sacrificing steady-state performance. This type of magnetically coupled inductor is a very popular traditional technology and is also widely used in PoL converters to improve dynamic characteristics.

[0121] However, whether the magnetic columns are arranged in an array or side by side, the spacing between any two magnetic columns is not equal. This structural difference in the non-complete symmetry of the magnetic core magnetic circuit will lead to poor magnetic coupling consistency of the inductors of each phase. Moreover, in order to ensure dynamic characteristics, magnetic coupling is required between the phases after the multi-phase transformer is magnetically integrated. However, as the number of magnetic columns increases, the production process becomes more difficult, and the magnetic coupling consistency will be even worse due to problems with the magnetic column layout. Therefore, the layouts of Figures 4B and 4C are not easy to expand to magnetic integration structures with more phases.

[0122] In addition, as the load current increases, the power supply capacity of a single module cannot meet the demand, and multiple modules are usually required to be used in parallel. However, after multiple modules shown in Figure 4A are connected in parallel, the magnetic components between different modules are independent of each other and there is no magnetic coupling, which to some extent limits the improvement of transient performance.

[0123] Furthermore, this configuration limits the winding configuration, requiring the current in the secondary winding to remain consistent. Changing the winding direction on a single magnetic column in this structure changes the magnetic flux direction, degrading transient performance.

[0124] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a rectifier circuit for improving the transient performance of a VRM.

[0125] 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0126] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5A , the rectifier circuit includes a first input terminal Vi1 , a first output terminal Vo1 , a secondary switch network CK1 , and a first transformer T1 .

[0127] The first transformer T1 includes a primary winding P, a secondary winding S, and a first auxiliary winding A1. Both the primary winding P and the first auxiliary winding A1 are magnetically coupled to the secondary winding S. The primary winding P is electrically connected to the first input terminal Vi1, and the secondary winding P is electrically connected to the secondary switching network CK1 and the first output terminal Vo1, respectively. The first auxiliary winding A1 is magnetically decoupled from the primary winding S.

[0128] During the operation of the rectifier circuit, the primary winding P receives the AC voltage from the first input terminal Vi1 and is magnetically coupled to the secondary winding S. The secondary switch network CK1 operates alternately in the positive and negative half cycles of the AC voltage of the secondary winding S to rectify the AC voltage into a DC output voltage.

[0129] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5A , the first input terminal Vi1 includes a third node SW3 and a fourth node SW4 , and the primary winding P includes a first primary inductor p1 and a second primary inductor p2 .

[0130] In one example, a first primary inductor p1 and a second primary inductor p2 are connected in series. A first end of the first primary inductor p1 is electrically connected to a third node SW3, a second end of the second primary inductor p2 is electrically connected to a fourth node SW4, and a second end of the first primary inductor p1 is electrically connected to a first end of the second primary inductor p2.

[0131] In the embodiments of the present application, the first end of the inductor in the rectifier circuit is the end marked with an *, and the second end of the inductor is the end not marked with an *. This is described uniformly here and will not be further explained below. The first end of the inductor is, for example, the port on a transformer with the same terminal marking, and the second end of the inductor is, for example, the port on a transformer without the same terminal marking.

[0132] 5A , the secondary winding S includes a first secondary inductor s1 and a second secondary inductor s2 , and the secondary switch network CK1 includes a first secondary switch SR1 and a second secondary switch SR2 electrically connected to the reference ground voltage terminal GND.

[0133] The secondary winding S is electrically connected to the secondary switch network CK1 and is also electrically connected to the first output terminal Vo1. For example, a first end of a first secondary inductor s1 is electrically connected to the first secondary switch SR1, and a second end of the first secondary inductor s1 is electrically connected to the first output terminal Vo1. A first end of a second secondary inductor s2 is electrically connected to the first output terminal Vo1, and a second end of the second secondary inductor s2 is electrically connected to the second secondary switch SR2.

[0134] The first secondary switch SR1 is electrically connected between the first end of the first secondary inductor s1 and the reference ground voltage terminal GND, the second secondary switch SR2 is electrically connected between the second end of the second secondary inductor s2 and the reference ground voltage terminal GND, and the negative electrode of the first output terminal Vo1 is electrically connected to the reference ground voltage terminal GND.

[0135] Of course, the first secondary switch SR1 also includes a first control terminal g1, under which the first secondary switch SR1 is turned on or off. The second secondary switch SR2 also includes a second control terminal g2, under which the second secondary switch SR2 is turned on or off.

[0136] For example, the first secondary switch SR1 includes a first transistor, a capacitor, and a diode connected in parallel between a first terminal of a first secondary inductor s1 and a reference ground voltage terminal GND. The control electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first control terminal g1. The structure of the second secondary switch SR2 can be the same as that of the first secondary switch SR1.

[0137] In some embodiments, the first transformer T1 further includes a first inductor L1 and a second inductor L2, which serve as output inductors. For example, the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 may or may not actually exist as physical structures. The functions of the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 shown in FIG5A are provided by the magnetizing inductor of the first transformer T1. The first inductor L1 corresponds to the first secondary inductor s1, and the first inductor L1 is connected in parallel with the first secondary inductor s1. The second inductor L2 corresponds to the second secondary inductor s2, and the second inductor L2 is connected in parallel with the second secondary inductor s2.

[0138] Continuing with Figure 5A , the first auxiliary winding A1 includes a first auxiliary inductor a1 and a second auxiliary inductor a2 connected in series. The first auxiliary inductor a1 is magnetically coupled to the first secondary inductor s1, and the second auxiliary inductor a2 is magnetically coupled to the second secondary inductor s2. The first auxiliary inductor a1 is magnetically coupled to the first primary inductor p1, and the second auxiliary inductor a2 is magnetically coupled to the second primary inductor p2.

[0139] For example, as shown in FIG5A , the first end of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the first end of the second auxiliary inductor a2 are electrically connected to the reference ground voltage terminal GND, and the second end of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second end of the second auxiliary inductor a2 are electrically connected.

[0140] For example, the first transformer T1 further includes a first compensation inductor LK1 and a second compensation inductor LK2. The first compensation inductor LK1 is connected in series with the first auxiliary inductor a1, and the second compensation inductor LK2 is connected in series with the second auxiliary inductor a2. The first auxiliary inductor a1, the second auxiliary inductor a2, the first compensation inductor LK1, and the second compensation inductor LK2 form a closed loop.

[0141] Alternatively, for example, the first end of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the first end of the second auxiliary inductor a2 are electrically connected to another network (described in detail below), or the first end of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the first end of the second auxiliary inductor a2 are left floating. The second end of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second end of the second auxiliary inductor a2 are electrically connected.

[0142] In the present application, the first compensation inductor LK1 and the second compensation inductor LK2 may or may not actually have physical structures, and the leakage inductance of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 serves as the first compensation inductor LK1 and the second compensation inductor LK2. By using the leakage inductance of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 as the first compensation inductor LK1 and the second compensation inductor LK2 of the magnetic coupling path, no additional inductors are required, thereby simplifying the structure of the first transformer T1.

[0143] In another example, as shown in FIG5B , the first transformer T1 may include a first sub-transformer T1 - 1 and a second sub-transformer T1 - 2 .

[0144] The first sub-transformer T1-1 includes a first primary inductor p1, a first secondary inductor s1, and a first auxiliary inductor a1. The second sub-transformer T1-2 includes a second primary inductor p2, a second secondary inductor s2, and a second auxiliary inductor a2. The structures of the first sub-transformer T1-1 and the second sub-transformer T1-2 can be implemented separately. Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the topology of a half-bridge rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 6B is a diagram of the operating waveforms of the half-bridge rectifier circuit shown in Figure 6A provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0145] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6A , a current doubler circuit is used to receive a signal output by a half-bridge circuit. For example, the half-bridge circuit includes a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, an input capacitor Ci, a first primary switch Q1, a second primary switch Q2, and a second input terminal Vi2.

[0146] Input capacitor Ci is connected in parallel with the second input terminal Vi2. The first capacitor C1 is electrically connected between the fourth node SW4 and the first end of the input capacitor Ci, and the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected between the fourth node SW4 and the second end of the input capacitor Ci. The first primary switch Q1 is electrically connected between the third node SW3 and the first end of the input capacitor Ci, and the second primary switch Q2 is electrically connected between the third node SW3 and the second end of the input capacitor Ci. In other words, the node where the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected is the fourth node SW4, and the node where the first primary switch Q1 and the second primary switch Q2 are connected is the third node SW3.

[0147] In Figure 6B, ILk is the current in the first auxiliary winding A1, IL1 is the current in the first inductor L1 (first secondary inductor s1), IL2 is the current in the second inductor L2 (second secondary inductor s2), and Io is the output current. VLk is the voltage across the first compensation inductor LK1 and the second compensation inductor LK2, VL1 is the voltage across the first inductor L1 (first secondary inductor s1), and VL2 is the voltage across the second inductor L2 (second secondary inductor s2). The on / off state of each switch is controlled by the waveforms at the first control terminals g1, g2, g3, and g4. In steady state, each switching cycle can be divided into four switching modes.

[0148] Mode 1: The first primary switch Q1 is turned on by the third control terminal g3, and the second secondary switch SR2 is turned on by the second control terminal g2. The second primary switch Q2 is turned off by the fourth control terminal g4, ​​and the first secondary switch SR1 is turned off by the first control terminal g1. The voltage VL1 across the first secondary inductor s1 is positive, and the voltage VL2 across the second secondary inductor s2 is negative. As a result, the current IL1 in the first inductor L1 increases, while the current IL2 in the second inductor L2 decreases. Simultaneously, the voltages VLk across the first and second compensation inductors LK1 and LK2 are also positive, causing the current ILk in the first auxiliary winding A1 to increase.

[0149] Mode 2: The first primary switch Q1 and the second primary switch Q2 are turned off, the first secondary switch SR1 and the second secondary switch SR2 are turned on, the voltages of the first secondary inductor s1 and the second secondary inductor s2 are both negative, the current IL1 of the first inductor L1 and the current IL2 of the second inductor L2 both decrease, and the voltage VLk of the first compensation inductor LK1 and the second compensation inductor LK2 is also negative, and the current ILk of the first auxiliary winding A1 decreases.

[0150] Mode 3: The second primary switch Q2 and the first secondary switch SR1 are turned on, and the first secondary switch SR1 and the second secondary switch SR2 are turned off. The voltage of the first secondary inductor s1 is negative, and the voltage of the second secondary inductor s2 is positive. The current IL1 of the first inductor L1 decreases, and the current IL2 of the second inductor L2 increases. At the same time, the voltage VLk of the first compensation inductor LK1 and the second compensation inductor LK2 is also positive, and the current ILk of the first auxiliary winding A1 increases.

[0151] Mode 4: The first primary switch Q1 and the second primary switch Q2 are turned off, the first secondary switch SR1 and the second secondary switch SR2 are turned on, the voltages of the first secondary inductor s1 and the second secondary inductor s2 are both negative, the current IL1 of the first inductor L1 and the current IL2 of the second inductor L2 both decrease, and the voltage VLk of the first compensation inductor LK1 and the second compensation inductor LK2 is also negative, and the current ILk of the first auxiliary winding A1 decreases.

[0152] Because the first auxiliary inductor a1, first secondary inductor s1, and first primary inductor p1 are magnetically coupled, and the second auxiliary inductor a2, second secondary inductor s2, and second primary inductor p2 are magnetically coupled, and the turns ratio of the first auxiliary inductor a1 to the first secondary inductor s1 is w:1, and the turns ratio of the second auxiliary inductor a2 to the second secondary inductor s2 is also w:1, the output current Io not only includes the current IL1 of the first inductor L1 and the current IL2 of the second inductor L2, but also the current ILk of the first auxiliary winding A1 is reflected in the output current Io at a ratio of 2w through the magnetic coupling between the windings (that is, every 1 ampere increase in the current ILk of the first auxiliary winding A1 produces an additional 2w ampere increase in Io).

[0153] Therefore, when the half-bridge circuit, representing the primary switching network CK2, is turned on, the waveforms of the current IL1 in the first inductor L1, the current IL2 in the second inductor L2, and the current ILk in the first auxiliary winding A1 all increase. When the primary switching network CK2 is turned off, these current waveforms all decrease. Therefore, when the current demanded by the load suddenly increases, the control circuit can respond by adjusting the duty cycle of the control signals used to control the respective switches, namely, the first control terminal g1, the first control terminal g2, the first control terminal g3, and the first control terminal g4. This increases the on-time of the first primary switch Q1 and the second primary switch Q2, thereby increasing the current IL1 in the first inductor L1, the current IL2 in the second inductor L2, and the current ILk in the first auxiliary winding A1. The dashed lines in Figure 6B represent the waveforms before the duty cycle is increased, while the solid lines represent the waveforms after the duty cycle is increased. The increase in the current IL1 of the first inductor L1 and the current IL2 of the second inductor L2 will be directly supplied to the output current Io. At the same time, the current ILk of the first auxiliary winding A1 will be superimposed on the output current Io by a factor of 2w through the magnetic coupling effect. This enables the circuit to output more current to the load during transients, so that the current output by each phase rectifier circuit can respond to load jumps simultaneously, achieving fast transient response performance and improving dynamic performance.

[0154] Based on this, in the embodiment of the present application, when a changing current flows into the first primary inductor p1 and the second primary inductor p2, an induced voltage will be generated at the port (between the first end and the second end) of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the port (between the first end and the second end) of the second auxiliary inductor a2, respectively. Since the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 are connected in series via the second end, the induced voltage between the first ends of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 is zero, that is, the current of the primary winding P will not generate an induced voltage on the first auxiliary winding A1, so that the two are magnetically decoupled. Then, the magnetic coupling relationship between the first auxiliary winding A1 and the primary winding P and the secondary winding S has the following characteristics: from a local perspective, the first auxiliary inductor a1 is magnetically coupled with the first secondary inductor s1, and the first auxiliary inductor a1 is magnetically coupled with the first primary inductor p1, that is, the first auxiliary inductor a1, the first secondary inductor s1, and the first primary inductor p1 are magnetically coupled with each other. The second auxiliary inductor a2 is magnetically coupled with the second secondary inductor s2, and the second auxiliary inductor a2 is magnetically coupled with the second primary inductor p2, that is, the second auxiliary inductor a2, the second secondary inductor s2, and the second primary inductor p2 are magnetically coupled to each other. However, overall, the current of the primary winding P will not generate an induced voltage on the first auxiliary winding A1, and the primary winding P and the first auxiliary winding A1 are magnetically decoupled from each other. Therefore, the first auxiliary winding A1 introduced by the rectifier circuit in the embodiment of the present application can achieve magnetic coupling with the secondary winding S under the premise of magnetic decoupling from the primary winding P. Then, the rectifier circuit can maintain the transformer characteristics of the traditional current doubler circuit, that is, a high step-down ratio is achieved through the turns ratio of the primary winding P and the secondary winding S, and at the same time, it can also form one or more magnetic coupling paths with the help of the magnetic coupling of the first auxiliary winding A1 and the secondary winding S, and use the magnetic coupling effect to enable the current output by each phase rectifier circuit to respond to the load jump at the same time, thereby achieving fast transient response performance, improving dynamic performance, and reducing voltage drop and the number of output capacitors.

[0155] As mentioned above, the first end of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the first end of the second auxiliary inductor a2 may not be electrically connected to the reference ground voltage terminal GND, but may be electrically connected to other networks for receiving voltages transmitted from other networks.

[0156] FIG7A is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application, and FIG7B is a diagram of an operating waveform of the rectifier circuit shown in FIG7A provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0157] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7A , the rectifier circuit further includes a first active switch network Y1 , which is configured to provide multiple voltages to the ports mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 , and the first auxiliary winding A1 is configured to receive the multiple voltages provided by the first active switch network Y1 .

[0158] The first auxiliary winding A1 and the first active switch network Y1 form an active transient current regulator (ATCR). The terminal mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 may be, for example, a first terminal of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and a first terminal of the second auxiliary inductor a2.

[0159] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7A , the first auxiliary winding A1 may be electrically connected to the first active switch network Y1 to receive a voltage provided by the first active switch network Y1 .

[0160] For example, the first active switch network Y1 includes a switch network M, a voltage source Vc, a first node SW1, and a second node SW2. The switch network M is electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the voltage source Vc. The switch network M is also electrically connected to the first node SW1 and the second node SW2. The first active switch network Y1 is configured to provide a voltage to the port mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 via the first node SW1 and the second node SW2.

[0161] For example, two ends of the first auxiliary winding A1 are electrically connected to the first node SW1 and the second node SW2 respectively.

[0162] The first active switch network Y1 can dynamically adjust the voltage received by the first auxiliary winding A1 group. This voltage change is applied to the leakage inductance of the first auxiliary winding A1, which can increase the current change rate of the first auxiliary winding A1. In the scenario of sudden changes in load current, it can significantly improve the transient response speed of the circuit.

[0163] In the first embodiment, the first auxiliary inductor a1 is electrically connected to the second node SW2 , and the second auxiliary inductor a2 is electrically connected to the first node SW1 .

[0164] In some embodiments, the switch network M includes a first switch M1 and a second switch M2. The first switch M1 is electrically connected between a first node SW1 and the positive electrode of a voltage source Vc, and the second switch M2 is electrically connected between the first node SW1 and the negative electrode of the voltage source Vc. In other words, the first node SW1 (also called the bridge arm midpoint) is located between the first switch M1 and the second switch M2. The second node SW2 is located between the second switch M2 and the negative electrode of the voltage source Vc.

[0165] For example, the structures of the first switch M1 and the second switch M2 may be the same as the structure of the first secondary switch SR1 , and will not be described in detail here.

[0166] FIG7A shows a rectifier circuit with an active transient current regulator. By introducing a first active switching network Y1 comprising a switching network M and a voltage source Vc into the loop of a first auxiliary winding A1, an adjustable voltage port mn is constructed to improve transient response performance when the load current suddenly increases.

[0167] The first auxiliary winding A1 is electrically connected to a voltage source Vc via a switch network M. This allows one end m of the first auxiliary winding A1 (the first end of the first auxiliary inductor a1) to be connected to the negative electrode of the voltage source Vc, while the other end n of the first auxiliary winding A1 (the first end of the second auxiliary inductor a2) to be connected to the positive electrode of the voltage source Vc. Control signals generated by the control circuit drive the first and second switches M1, M2, through the fifth and sixth control terminals g5 and g6, to turn on or off, thereby regulating the voltage VPN at the terminal mn of the first auxiliary winding A1. For example, when the second switch M2 is on and the first switch M1 is off, the voltage VPN at the terminal mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 is zero. When the first switch M1 is on and the second switch M2 is off, the voltage VPN at the terminal mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 is equal to vc. Therefore, the terminal mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 can have two states: zero voltage and positive voltage.

[0168] Taking the example of a rectifier circuit receiving signals from the primary switch network CK2 shown in Figure 6A, Figure 7B shows the operating waveforms of the rectifier circuit with an active transient current regulator. The dashed lines represent the voltage and current waveforms when ports mn are directly short-circuited, while the solid lines represent the voltage and current waveforms when the first active switch network Y1 is added. In steady state, the first switch M1 is off and the second switch M2 is on, causing the voltage VPN at port mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 to be zero. In this state, the operating characteristics are identical to those of the circuit shown in Figure 6A, with the output current Io curve shown by the dashed line in Figure 7B. When the load current suddenly increases, the control circuit can adjust the drive signals of the first and second switches M1 and M2, turning on the first switch M1 and off the second switch M2. At this point, the voltage VPN at port mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 equals vc. The increased voltage VPN at port mn is transmitted to the first and second compensation inductors LK1 and LK2, respectively. The voltages VLk across these two compensation inductors increase by vc / 2, accelerating the current ILk in the first auxiliary winding A1. This current is then added to the output current Io by a factor of 2w through magnetic coupling between the windings, causing a significant increase in the output current Io within a short period of time. The curve for the output current Io is represented by the solid line in Figure 7B . After the rectifier circuit fully responds to the load change, the active transient current regulator returns to steady-state operation, and the current ILk in the first auxiliary winding A1 gradually decays until its DC component reaches zero.

[0169] Therefore, the rectifier circuit with an active transient current regulator can significantly improve the transient response speed of the circuit in the scenario of a sudden increase in load current.

[0170] At the same time, the control circuit can synchronously adjust the control signal of the main power circuit (the circuit portion of the rectifier circuit excluding the first active switch network Y1 and the first auxiliary winding A1) to control the main power circuit to jointly respond to the sudden increase in load current. However, most load transient requirements can be responded to by the active transient current regulator. To fully utilize the performance of the active transient current regulator, the regulator can be equipped with a low-latency control signal (less than 100ns), enabling it to respond more quickly when load transients occur.

[0171] FIG8A is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application, and FIG8B is a diagram of an operating waveform of the rectifier circuit shown in FIG8A provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0172] In a second embodiment, as shown in FIG8A , the rectifier circuit further includes a capacitor C electrically connected between the first auxiliary winding A1 and the first active switch network Y1 .

[0173] For example, the capacitor C is electrically connected between the second node SW2 and the terminal m of the first auxiliary winding A1. In other words, the capacitor C is electrically connected between the second node SW2 and the first terminal of the first auxiliary inductor a1.

[0174] Since the smaller the inductance of the first compensation inductor LK1 and the second compensation inductor LK2 in the first auxiliary winding A1, the faster the current change rate can be, the more significantly the transient performance is improved. However, in the steady state, a larger current ripple will be generated in the first auxiliary winding A1 and reflected in the main power circuit, reducing the circuit conversion efficiency.

[0175] Before the capacitor C is added, the rectifier circuit maintains the voltage VPN at the port mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 at zero in a steady state, and switches the voltage VPN at the port mn to a positive voltage or a negative voltage in response to a load current transient when a transient occurs.

[0176] After adding capacitor C, the n-terminal of the first auxiliary winding A1 is connected in series with the first node SW1, and the m-terminal of the first auxiliary winding A1 is connected in series with capacitor C for DC signal isolation, and then to the negative electrode of the voltage source Vc. Taking the rectifier circuit receiving the signal from the primary switch network CK2 shown in Figure 6A as an example, Figure 8B shows the operating waveforms of the rectifier circuit with capacitor C. The dotted lines represent the voltage and current waveforms when ports mn are directly short-circuited, while the solid lines represent the voltage and current waveforms when the first active switch network Y1 and capacitor C are added. In steady state, when the first primary switch Q1 or the second primary switch Q2 is on, the second switch M2 is turned on, and the first switch M1 is turned off. A negative voltage is generated at port mn, which can offset the positive voltage induced in the secondary winding S. When the first primary switch Q1 or the second primary switch Q2 is off, the first switch M1 is turned on, and the second switch M2 is turned off. A positive voltage is generated at port mn, which can offset the negative voltage induced in the secondary winding S. Therefore, the amplitude of the voltage VLK across the first and second compensation inductors LK1 and LK2 can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing current ripple. Alternatively, while maintaining the same current ripple, the inductance of the first and second compensation inductors LK1 and LK2 can be reduced. When the input source voltage VC is appropriately selected so that the voltage VPN at port mn and the induced voltage of the secondary winding S completely cancel each other out, the voltage VLK across the first and second compensation inductors LK1 and LK2 will be zero, and the current ripple of the first auxiliary winding A1 will also be zero, effectively disconnecting the first auxiliary winding A1 in steady state. Therefore, adding capacitor C can maintain conversion efficiency while balancing transient performance. It can also reduce the current ripple of the first auxiliary winding A1, thereby reducing output voltage ripple. Reducing the inductance of the first and second compensation inductors LK1 and LK2 has an impact on the increase in the rate of change of the output current Io.

[0177] Alternatively, for example, the capacitor C is electrically connected between the first node SW1 and the n-terminal of the first auxiliary winding A1, which has the same effect as that of providing the capacitor C between the second node SW2 and the first auxiliary winding A1.

[0178] FIG9A is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application, and FIG9B is a diagram of an operating waveform of the rectifier circuit shown in FIG9A provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0179] In the third embodiment, different from the structure shown in FIG. 7A , as shown in FIG. 9A , the first auxiliary inductor a1 is electrically connected to the first node SW1 , and the second auxiliary inductor a2 is electrically connected to the second node SW2 .

[0180] FIG9A shows another rectifier circuit with an active transient current regulator. By introducing a first active switching network Y1 including a switching network M and a voltage source Vc into the loop of the first auxiliary winding A1, an adjustable voltage port mn is constructed to improve the transient response performance when the load current suddenly decreases.

[0181] The first auxiliary winding A1 is electrically connected to a voltage source Vc via a switch network M. This allows one end m of the first auxiliary winding A1 (the first end of the first auxiliary inductor a1) to be connected to the positive electrode of the voltage source Vc, while the other end n of the first auxiliary winding A1 (the first end of the second auxiliary inductor a2) to be connected to the negative electrode of the voltage source Vc. Control signals generated by the control circuit, through the fifth control terminal g5 and the sixth control terminal g6, drive the first and second switches M1, M2 to turn on and off, thereby regulating the voltage VPN at the terminal mn of the first auxiliary winding A1. When the second switch M2 is on and the first switch M1 is off, the voltage VPN at the terminal mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 is zero. When the first switch M1 is on and the second switch M2 is off, the voltage VPN at the terminal mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 is -vc. Therefore, the terminal mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 can have two states: zero voltage and negative voltage.

[0182] Taking the example of a rectifier circuit receiving signals from the primary switch network CK2 shown in Figure 6A, Figure 9B shows the operating waveforms of the rectifier circuit with an active transient current regulator. The dashed lines represent the voltage and current waveforms when port mn is directly short-circuited, while the solid lines represent the voltage and current waveforms when the first active switch network Y1 is added. In steady state, the first switch M1 is off and the second switch M2 is on, causing the voltage VPN at port mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 to be zero. This state exhibits the same operating characteristics as the circuit shown in Figure 6A, with the output current Io curve shown by the dashed line in Figure 9B. When the load current suddenly decreases, the control circuit can adjust the drive signals of the first and second switches M1 and M2, turning on the first switch M1 and off the second switch M2. At this point, the voltage VPN at port mn equals -vc. The decrease in the voltage VPN at the port mn is transmitted to the first and second compensation inductors LK1 and LK2, respectively. The voltages VLK across these two compensation inductors decrease by vc / 2, accelerating the decrease in the current ILk in the first auxiliary winding A1. This current is then reflected in the output current Io by a factor of 2w through magnetic coupling between the windings, significantly reducing the output current Io in a short period of time. The curve for the output current Io is shown by the solid line in Figure 9B . After the rectifier circuit fully responds to the load change, the active transient current regulator returns to steady-state operation, and the current ILk in the first auxiliary winding A1 gradually decays until its DC component reaches zero.

[0183] In practice, the active transient current regulator utilizes an additional first active switching network Y1 to enable regulation of the voltage VPN at port mn of the first auxiliary winding A1. In steady state, the voltage VPN at port mn is maintained at zero. However, in the event of a sudden load change, the control circuit switches the voltage VPN at port mn by adjusting the signals at the fifth control terminal g5 and the sixth control terminal g6, driving the current in the first auxiliary winding A1 to rapidly increase or decrease. This current is then transmitted to the output of the main power circuit through magnetic coupling between the windings, helping the main power circuit achieve an extremely fast transient response.

[0184] Therefore, the rectifier circuit with an active transient current regulator can significantly improve the transient response speed of the circuit in the scenario of a sudden drop in load current.

[0185] In some other embodiments, the rectifier circuit further includes a capacitor C, and the capacitor C is electrically connected between the first node SW1 and / or the second node SW2 and the first auxiliary winding A1.

[0186] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0187] In a fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG10 , the switch network M includes a third switch M3 , a fourth switch M4 , a fifth switch M5 , and a sixth switch M6 .

[0188] The third switch M3 is connected between the first node SW1 and the positive electrode of the voltage source Vc, the fourth switch M4 is electrically connected between the first node SW1 and the negative electrode of the voltage source Vc; the fifth switch M5 is electrically connected between the second node SW2 and the positive electrode of the voltage source Vc, and the sixth switch M6 is electrically connected between the second node SW2 and the negative electrode of the voltage source Vc.

[0189] The structures of the third switch M3 , the fourth switch M4 , the fifth switch M5 and the sixth switch M6 may be the same as that of the first secondary switch SR1 , and are not described in detail herein.

[0190] The n-terminal of the first auxiliary winding A1 (the first terminal of the second auxiliary inductor a2) is connected to a first node SW1, and the m-terminal of the first auxiliary winding A1 (the first terminal of the first auxiliary inductor a1) is connected to a second node SW2. The switching network M uses two sets of switches to enable the voltage VPN at the port mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 to have three states: zero, positive, and negative. During steady-state operation, the fourth switch M4 and the sixth switch M6 are simultaneously turned on, or the third switch M3 and the fifth switch M5 are simultaneously turned on, maintaining the voltage VPN at the port mn at zero. When the load current suddenly increases, the control circuit adjusts the control signal to turn on the third switch M3 and the sixth switch M6, and turn off the fourth switch M4 and the fifth switch M5, switching the voltage VPN at the port mn to the positive voltage vc, thereby accelerating the output current Io. When the load current suddenly decreases, the control circuit adjusts the control signal to turn on the fourth switch M4 and the fifth switch M5 and turn off the third switch M3 and the sixth switch M6, switching the voltage VPN at the port mn to the negative voltage -vc to accelerate the reduction of the output current Io.

[0191] Based on this, when the switch network M includes two sets of switches, a set of first auxiliary windings A1 combined with the switch network M can significantly improve the transient response speed of the rectifier circuit to scenarios of sudden increase or decrease in load current, and the transformer structure is simple.

[0192] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0193] In a fifth embodiment, as shown in Figure 11, the rectifier circuit further includes a second auxiliary winding A2 and a second active switching network Y2. The first active switching network Y1 is used to provide a reference ground voltage and a positive voltage to the first auxiliary winding A1, while the second active switching network Y2 is used to provide a reference ground voltage and a negative voltage to the second auxiliary winding A2. In other words, the rectifier circuit includes two active transient current regulators: one for improving the circuit's transient response speed during a sudden increase in load current, and the other for improving the circuit's transient response speed during a sudden decrease in load current.

[0194] The structures of the first auxiliary winding A1 and the first active switch network Y1 can be referred to the relevant description in FIG7A . The structure of the second auxiliary winding A2 can be referred to the structure of the first auxiliary winding A1 in FIG9A , and the structure of the second active switch network Y2 can be referred to the structure of the first active switch network Y1 in FIG9A .

[0195] For example, the second auxiliary winding A2 includes a first auxiliary inductor a1 and a second auxiliary inductor a2. The second auxiliary winding A2 can be integrated into the first transformer T1. The second active switch network Y2 includes a first node SW1, a second node SW2, a first switch M1, a second switch M2, and a voltage source Vc. The second active switch network Y2 has the same structure as the first active switch network Y1 shown in FIG. 7A .

[0196] Overall, the second auxiliary winding A2 is magnetically decoupled from the primary winding P, the second auxiliary winding A2 is magnetically coupled to the secondary winding S, and the second auxiliary winding A2 is magnetically coupled to the first auxiliary winding A1.

[0197] The leakage inductances of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 in the second auxiliary winding A2 serve as the first compensation inductor LK1 and the second compensation inductor LK2, and the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 are connected in series. The structure and performance of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 in the second auxiliary winding A2 can be found in the above description of the structure and performance of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 in the first auxiliary winding A1, and are not further described here.

[0198] The first end of the first auxiliary inductor a1 in the first auxiliary winding A1 (the m-end of the first auxiliary winding A1) is electrically connected to the second node SW2 of the first active switch network Y1, and the first end of the second auxiliary inductor a1 in the first auxiliary winding A1 (the n-end of the first auxiliary winding A1) is electrically connected to the first node SW1 of the first active switch network Y1.

[0199] The first end of the first auxiliary inductor a1 in the second auxiliary winding A2 (the m-end of the second auxiliary winding A1) is electrically connected to the first node SW1 of the second active switch network Y2, and the first end of the second auxiliary inductor a1 in the second auxiliary winding A2 (the n-end of the second auxiliary winding A1) is electrically connected to the second node SW2 of the second active switch network Y2.

[0200] By providing two active transient current regulators in the rectifier circuit, the transient regulation function of the rectifier circuit in Figure 7A and the transient regulation function of the rectifier circuit in Figure 9A are integrated. The first auxiliary winding A1, combined with the first active switching network Y1, forms the first active transient current regulator, while the second auxiliary winding A2, combined with the second active switching network Y2, forms the second active transient current regulator. In steady state, the first and second active transient current regulators operate in the same manner as described above. When the load current suddenly increases, the second active transient current regulator remains in operation, while the first active transient current regulator responds quickly, accelerating the increase in output current Io. Its operating principle is the same as described in Figure 7A. When the load current suddenly decreases, the first active transient current regulator remains in operation, while the second active transient current regulator responds quickly, accelerating the decrease in output current. Its operating principle is the same as described in Figure 9A. Therefore, the first active transient current regulator and the second active transient current regulator can respectively cope with the scenarios of sudden increase and sudden decrease of load current, and significantly improve the transient response speed of the circuit.

[0201] Based on this, the first auxiliary winding A1 combined with the first active switch network Y1 can improve the transient response speed of the rectifier circuit when the load current suddenly increases. The second auxiliary winding A2 combined with the second active switch network Y2 can improve the transient response speed of the rectifier circuit when the load current suddenly decreases.

[0202] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0203] In a sixth embodiment, as shown in FIG12 , the first auxiliary winding A1 is magnetically coupled to the first active switch network Y1 to receive a voltage provided by the first active switch network Y1 .

[0204] For example, the rectifier circuit further includes a second transformer T2 , a first winding t1 of the second transformer T2 is electrically connected to both ends mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 , and a second winding t2 of the second transformer T2 is electrically connected to the first node SW1 and the second node SW2 .

[0205] The difference from the previous embodiments is that the first-stage winding t1 is electrically connected to the first auxiliary winding A1, and the second-stage winding t2 is electrically connected to the first active switch network Y1. The connection between the second-stage winding t2 and the first and second nodes SW1 and SW2, as well as the structure of the switch network M, can be found in the description of the connection between the first auxiliary winding A1 and the first and second nodes SW1 and SW2 in Figures 7A to 11 . These descriptions are omitted here, and Figure 12 only provides an example.

[0206] When the rectifier circuit further includes a second auxiliary winding A2 and a second active switch network Y2 , the second auxiliary winding A2 and the second active switch network Y2 may be electrically connected or magnetically coupled in the manner shown in FIG. 12 .

[0207] By adding the second transformer T2 to the rectifier circuit, the voltage change between the first node SW1 and the second node SW2 is not directly transmitted to the port mn of the first auxiliary winding A1, but is reflected to the port mn of the first auxiliary winding A1 through the second transformer T2. In addition, the amplitude of the voltage VPN at the port mn can be adjusted according to the turns ratio of the first winding t1 and the second winding t2 in the second transformer T2, making the selection of the first active switch network Y1 more flexible.

[0208] In some embodiments, the primary winding P, the secondary winding S, and the first auxiliary winding A1 are wound on the same magnetic core. For example, if the rectifier circuit further includes a second auxiliary winding A2, the second auxiliary winding A2 is also wound on the aforementioned magnetic core. This allows for a higher level of integration of the first transformer T1.

[0209] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a winding method of a transformer provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0210] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG13 , the magnetic core of the first transformer T1 includes a first magnetic column 10 and a second magnetic column 20 ; the first primary inductor p1 and the first secondary inductor s1 are wound on the first magnetic column 10 , and the second primary inductor p2 and the second secondary inductor s2 are wound on the second magnetic column 20 .

[0211] For example, the magnetic core further includes a third magnetic column 30 , which is located between the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20 . For example, the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the third magnetic column 30 .

[0212] Regarding the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 , as shown in FIG. 13 , the first auxiliary inductor a1 is wound on the first magnetic column 10 , and the second auxiliary inductor a2 is wound on the second magnetic column 20 .

[0213] 14A-14E are schematic diagrams of a transformer winding method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0214] Regarding the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2, for example, as shown in Figures 14A and 14B , the first primary inductor p1 and the first secondary inductor s1 are still wound on the first magnetic column 10, and the second primary inductor p2 and the second secondary inductor s2 are still wound on the second magnetic column 20. However, as shown in Figure 14C , the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 are wound on the third magnetic column 30.

[0215] 14A-14C are disassembled diagrams, and after assembly, they are shown in FIG14D . The first primary inductor p1 and the first secondary inductor s1 are wound on the first magnetic column 10 , the second primary inductor p2 and the second secondary inductor s2 are wound on the second magnetic column 20 , and the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 are wound on the third magnetic column 30 .

[0216] Of course, as shown in FIG14E , the first auxiliary inductor a1 can also be extended to be wound around the first magnetic column 10, and the second auxiliary inductor a2 can also be extended to be wound around the second magnetic column 20. In this case, the first auxiliary winding A1 is equivalent to being wound clockwise around the third magnetic column 30 starting from the end marked with the same name.

[0217] Of course, the starting and ending positions of the inductors illustrated in Figures 13-14E are merely illustrative and are not intended to be limiting. For example, the number of turns of the first primary inductor p1, the first secondary inductor s1, and the first auxiliary inductor a1 can be arbitrary, as long as the number of turns of the second primary inductor p2, the second secondary inductor s2, and the second auxiliary inductor a2 correspond to each other. For example, the number of turns of the first primary inductor p1 is equal to the number of turns of the second primary inductor p2, the number of turns of the first secondary inductor s1 is equal to the number of turns of the second secondary inductor s2, and the number of turns of the first auxiliary inductor a1 is equal to the number of turns of the second auxiliary inductor a2. This balances the voltage in the first transformer T1, improving transformer performance.

[0218] Using the ports labeled with the same name (marked with an *) as the starting point for winding, the first primary inductor p1, the first secondary inductor s1, and the first auxiliary inductor a1 can be wound together as a sub-transformer in the same winding direction on one magnetic leg of the magnetic core. The second primary inductor p2, the second secondary inductor s2, and the second auxiliary inductor a2 can also be wound together as a sub-transformer in the same winding direction on another magnetic leg. Depending on whether the two sub-transformers are wound in the same or opposite directions, there are two types of magnetic integration structures. Winding in the same direction means both sub-transformers are wound clockwise or counterclockwise, while winding in opposite directions means one sub-transformer is wound clockwise and the other is wound counterclockwise.

[0219] Figures 13-14E illustrate the reverse winding of two sub-transformers as an example. The first primary inductor p1, the first secondary inductor s1, and the first auxiliary inductor a1 are wound counterclockwise on the first magnetic column 10, and the second primary inductor p2, the second secondary inductor s2, and the second auxiliary inductor a2 are wound clockwise on the second magnetic column 20. The ports with the same name marked in Figures 13-14E correspond to the ports with the same name marked in the above-mentioned topological structure, and the connection relationship also corresponds to the connection relationship in the topological structure. The first primary inductor p1 and the second primary inductor p2 are connected in series, and the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 are connected in series. That is, a reverse-wound multi-winding magnetically coupled magnetic integrated transformer is obtained. Of course, the above-mentioned series connection can be implemented in the first transformer T1, or it can be implemented in series through a port outside the first transformer T1. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0220] In the drawings of the embodiments of this application, arrows indicate the direction of current in the inductor. Since the two sub-transformers are wound in opposite directions, the currents in the first and second magnetic legs 10 and 20 generate magnetic flux in opposite directions. In the drawings, a "·" indicates that the magnetic flux direction is perpendicular to the paper and runs from inside to outside, while an "×" indicates that the magnetic flux direction is perpendicular to the paper and runs from outside to inside.

[0221] For the structure shown in FIG14E , the magnetic flux generated by the current of the primary winding P in the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20 has opposite directions and equal magnitudes, and the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 have the same winding direction in the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20. Therefore, the total magnetic flux linked with the first auxiliary winding A1 is zero, so that the primary winding P and the first auxiliary winding A1 are magnetically decoupled from each other.

[0222] 15A-15F are schematic diagrams of a transformer winding method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0223] Of course, as shown in FIG. 15A to FIG. 15D , the two sub-transformers may also be wound in the same direction. FIG. 15A to FIG. 15D illustrate the two sub-transformers with counterclockwise winding as an example.

[0224] As shown in Figures 15A to 15D, when the two sub-transformers are wound in the same direction, the magnetic flux generated by the current in the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20 has the same direction. The magnetic core also includes a third magnetic column 30, which is located between the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20. The magnetic flux direction of the third magnetic column 30 is opposite to the magnetic flux direction of the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20.

[0225] For example, as shown in Figures 15A to 15D, the first primary inductor p1, the first secondary inductor s1, and the first auxiliary inductor a1 are wound counterclockwise on the first magnetic column 10, and the second primary inductor p2, the second secondary inductor s2, and the second auxiliary inductor a2 are wound counterclockwise on the second magnetic column 20. The ports with the same name marked in Figures 15A to 15D correspond to the ports with the same name marked in the above-mentioned topological structure, and the connection relationship also corresponds to the connection relationship in the topological structure. The first primary inductor p1 and the second primary inductor p2 are connected in series, and the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 are connected in series. That is, a multi-winding magnetically coupled magnetic integrated transformer with the same direction winding is obtained. Of course, the above-mentioned series connection can be implemented in the first transformer T1, or it can be implemented in series through a port outside the first transformer T1. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0226] Alternatively, as shown in FIG15E , the primary winding P is wound clockwise on the third magnetic leg 30, starting from the end marked with the same name. That is, the first primary inductor p1 and the second primary inductor p2 are wound on the third magnetic leg 30. The first secondary inductor s1 and the first auxiliary inductor a1 are wound counterclockwise on the first magnetic leg 10, and the second primary inductor p2, the second secondary inductor s2, and the second auxiliary inductor a2 are wound counterclockwise on the second magnetic leg 20.

[0227] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15F , the first primary inductor p1 is further extended counterclockwise and wound around the first magnetic column 10 , and the second primary inductor p2 is further extended counterclockwise and wound around the second magnetic column 20 .

[0228] For the structure shown in FIG15F , the magnetic flux generated by the current of the primary winding P in the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20 has the same direction and equal magnitude, while the winding directions of the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 in the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20 are opposite. Therefore, the total magnetic flux linked with the first auxiliary winding A1 is zero, so that the primary winding P and the first auxiliary winding A1 are magnetically decoupled from each other.

[0229] The embodiment of the present application adopts a magnetic integration method to set the first transformer T1, which can improve the power density of the first transformer T1.

[0230] Of course, when the first transformer T1 includes a first sub-transformer T1 - 1 and a second sub-transformer T1 - 2 , the first sub-transformer T1 - 1 and the second sub-transformer T1 - 2 may also be integrated into different magnetic cores.

[0231] 16A and 16B are schematic structural diagrams of another first transformer according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0232] The first sub-transformer T1 - 1 includes a first primary inductor p1 , a first secondary inductor s1 , and a first auxiliary inductor a1 . The second sub-transformer T1 - 2 includes a second primary inductor p2 , a second secondary inductor s2 , and a second auxiliary inductor a2 .

[0233] As shown in Figure 16A , the first sub-transformer T1-1 includes a first magnetic leg 10 and a second magnetic leg 20. A first primary inductor p1, a first secondary inductor s1, and a first auxiliary inductor a1 are wound around the first magnetic leg 10. The second sub-transformer T1-2 includes a first magnetic leg 10 and a second magnetic leg 20. A second primary inductor p2, a second secondary inductor s2, and a second auxiliary inductor a2 are wound around the first magnetic leg 10. The magnetic flux directions in the first and second magnetic legs are opposite. The magnetic flux directions in Figure 16A are for illustration only and are not intended to be limiting.

[0234] As shown in Figure 16B , the first sub-transformer T1-1 includes a first magnetic column 10, a second magnetic column 20, and a third magnetic column 30, with the third magnetic column 30 located between the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20. A first primary inductor p1, a first secondary inductor s1, and a first auxiliary inductor a1 are wound around the third magnetic column 30. The second sub-transformer T1-2 includes a first magnetic column 10, a second magnetic column 20, and a third magnetic column 30, with the third magnetic column 30 located between the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20. A second primary inductor p2, a second secondary inductor s2, and a second auxiliary inductor a2 are wound around the third magnetic column 30. The magnetic flux directions in the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column are the same, while the magnetic flux directions in the third magnetic column 30 are opposite. The magnetic flux directions in Figure 16B are for illustration only and are not intended to be limiting.

[0235] The first sub-transformer T1-1 and the second sub-transformer T1-2 can be implemented with a magnetic element respectively, so the current doubling circuit has two magnetic elements. As shown in FIG16A , the first sub-transformer T1-1 and the second sub-transformer T1-2 can adopt a typical U-shaped magnetic core structure. Alternatively, as shown in FIG16B , the first sub-transformer T1-1 and the second sub-transformer T1-2 can adopt a typical E-shaped magnetic core structure. Alternatively, the structure of the transformer in the related art is applicable to the first sub-transformer T1-1 and the second sub-transformer T1-2 in the embodiment of the present application.

[0236] An embodiment of the present application provides a circuit board assembly, including a printed circuit board (PCB) and any one of the above-mentioned rectifier circuits, wherein the rectifier circuit is arranged on the PCB.

[0237] 17A and 17B are cross-sectional views of a circuit board assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0238] As shown in Figures 17A and 17B , in some embodiments, the first transformer T1 in the rectifier circuit is integrated into a PCB. The first magnetic column 10, the second magnetic column 20, and the third magnetic column 30 in the first transformer T1 extend through the thickness of the PCB, and the windings of the first transformer T1 are formed in the PCB's routing layer.

[0239] For example, as shown in FIG17A , the first auxiliary winding A1 , the primary winding P, and the secondary winding S are located in different routing layers. By additionally increasing the number of routing layers in the PCB, the winding requirements of the first auxiliary winding A1 in the first transformer T1 are met.

[0240] Alternatively, as shown in FIG17B , the primary winding P and the secondary winding S are located on different routing layers, and the first auxiliary winding A1 is located on the same routing layer as the primary winding P and / or the secondary winding S. A separate layer for the first auxiliary winding A1 is not provided. FIG17B illustrates an example in which the first auxiliary winding A1, a portion of the primary winding P, and a portion of the secondary winding S are located on the same routing layer.

[0241] It should be understood that in the first transformer T1, the primary winding P and the secondary winding S have different numbers of turns, but this does not necessarily mean that the primary winding P and the secondary winding S need to have different numbers of layers. A single layer can be considered a turn, or multiple layers connected in parallel can be considered a turn. In this case, even if the primary winding P and the secondary winding S have different numbers of turns, the primary winding P and the secondary winding S may still have the same number of layers.

[0242] The structure of the magnetic core in FIG17A and FIG17B is only a schematic diagram, and the division of the magnetic columns in the magnetic core is also only a schematic diagram and does not constitute any limitation.

[0243] This configuration is easy to implement and has minimal impact on the size of the circuit board components.

[0244] In some other embodiments, the first transformer T1 is not integrated into the PCB, but is an independent component.

[0245] FIG18 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic core assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0246] As shown in FIG. 18 , an embodiment of the present application provides a magnetic core assembly, including: a base, a first magnetic column 10 , a second magnetic column 20 , a third magnetic column 30 , and a winding.

[0247] The first magnetic column 10, the second magnetic column 20, and the third magnetic column 30 are arranged on the first side of the base. The third magnetic column 30 is located between the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20. For example, the distances from the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20 to the third magnetic column 30 are equal.

[0248] The winding includes a first coil and a second coil. The first coil is located between the first magnetic column 10 and the third magnetic column 30 and is buckled on the base from the first side. The second coil is located between the second magnetic column 20 and the third magnetic column 30 and is buckled on the base from the first side.

[0249] The first coil and the second coil are, for example, the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2. The first primary inductor p1 and the first secondary inductor s1 are wound on the first magnetic column 10, and the second primary inductor p2 and the second secondary inductor s2 are wound on the second magnetic column 20 to form the first transformer T1.

[0250] Alternatively, the first coil and the second coil are, for example, the first primary inductor p1 and the second primary inductor p2, the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the first secondary inductor s1 are wound on the first magnetic column 10, and the second auxiliary inductor a2 and the second secondary inductor s2 are wound on the second magnetic column 20 to form the first transformer T1.

[0251] The present embodiment does not limit the structures of the first coil and the second coil, and Figure 18 is only a schematic diagram. For example, the first coil and the second coil can be copper foil.

[0252] By wrapping the first coil and the second coil on the magnetic core and then winding the primary winding and the secondary winding on the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20, the impact on the module size is relatively small and it is easy to implement.

[0253] 19A and 19B are schematic diagrams of a topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0254] The present application also provides a voltage regulation circuit, as shown in Figures 19A and 19B . The voltage regulation circuit includes a primary switching network CK2 and at least one phase of any of the rectifier circuits shown above. The second output terminal Vo2 of the primary switching network CK2 is electrically connected to the first input terminal Vi1 of the rectifier circuit. Figure 19A illustrates a voltage regulation circuit including a single phase of the rectifier circuit shown in Figure 5A . Figure 19B illustrates a voltage regulation circuit including a single phase of a rectifier circuit with a first active switching network Y1 .

[0255] To cope with high current scenarios, the voltage regulation circuit can adopt a multi-phase series-parallel architecture. The multi-phase rectifier circuit works synchronously. The input side of the multi-phase rectifier circuit shares a primary switching network. The primary windings of the multi-phase rectifier circuit can be connected in parallel or in series. The first output end Vo1 of the multi-phase rectifier circuit is connected in parallel. The first auxiliary windings of the multi-phase rectifier circuit can be connected in series, in parallel, or a combination of series and parallel.

[0256] 20A-20D are schematic diagrams of a topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0257] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 20A , the voltage regulation circuit includes a first phase rectifier circuit CDR# 1 and a second phase rectifier circuit CDR# 2 connected in series.

[0258] For example, as shown in FIG20A , the first input terminals Vi1 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in series and electrically connected to the second output terminal Vo2 of the primary switch network CK2. The first auxiliary windings A1 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in series.

[0259] Alternatively, as shown in FIG20B , the first input terminals Vi1 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in series and electrically connected to the second output terminal Vo2 of the primary switch network CK2. The first auxiliary windings A1 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are independent of each other.

[0260] Of course, the voltage regulation circuit is not limited to including only two-phase rectifier circuits. As shown in FIG20A , the voltage regulation circuit may include n-phase rectifier circuits connected in series (e.g., first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 to n-th-phase rectifier circuit CDR#n). The series connection of any two-phase rectifier circuits can refer to the above description of the series connection of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2. In addition, when multiple phase rectifier circuits are connected in series, the multiple phases can be connected in series sequentially according to the phase sequence, or the multiple phases can be connected in series in a non-phase sequence.

[0261] In some other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 20C , the voltage regulation circuit includes a first phase rectifier circuit CDR# 1 and a second phase rectifier circuit CDR# 2 connected in parallel.

[0262] 20C , the first input terminals Vi1 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are both electrically connected to the second output terminal Vo2 of the primary switch network CK2. The first auxiliary windings A1 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in parallel.

[0263] Alternatively, for example, the first input terminal Vi1 of the first phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are both electrically connected to the second output terminal Vo2 of the primary switch network CK2. The first auxiliary windings A1 of the first phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are independent of each other or connected in series.

[0264] Of course, the voltage regulation circuit is not limited to including only two-phase rectifier circuits. As shown in Figure 20C, the voltage regulation circuit may include n-phase rectifier circuits in parallel (for example, the first phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 to the n-th phase rectifier circuit CDR#n). The parallel connection method of any two-phase rectifier circuits can refer to the above description of the parallel connection method of the first phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second phase rectifier circuit CDR#2.

[0265] In some other embodiments, as shown in FIG20D , the voltage regulation circuit includes a first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and a second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 connected in series, and further includes a third-phase rectifier circuit CDR#3 connected in parallel with the first-phase rectifier circuit.

[0266] The first input terminals Vi1 of the first phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the third phase rectifier circuit CDR#3 are both electrically connected to the second output terminal Vo2 of the primary switch network CK2. The first auxiliary windings A1 of the first phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the third phase rectifier circuit CDR#3 are connected in parallel.

[0267] Of course, the voltage regulation circuit may also include multiple phases of rectifier circuits connected in series with the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1. The manner in which the rectifier circuits are connected in series with the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 may be referenced to the manner in which the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 is connected in series with the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1. The voltage regulation circuit may also include multiple phases of rectifier circuits connected in parallel with the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1. The manner in which the rectifier circuits are connected in parallel with the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 may be referenced to the manner in which the third-phase rectifier circuit CDR#3 is connected in parallel with the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1.

[0268] Of course, in the embodiment of the present application, when the voltage regulation circuit includes a multi-phase rectifier circuit, the connection relationship between the multi-phase rectifier circuits can be diverse and is not limited to the several methods illustrated above.

[0269] Table 1 Connection relationship between the first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2

[0270] For example, as shown in Table 1, the connection relationship between the first auxiliary inductors a1 in different phase rectifier circuits is: they can be connected in series, in parallel, or not connected. For example, the first auxiliary inductor xa1 of the xth phase and the first auxiliary inductor ya1 of the yth phase (x=1-n, y=1-n, and x≠y, where x and y represent the phase numbers) can be connected in series, in parallel, or not connected. In other words, xa1 and ya1 can be connected in series, in parallel, or not connected.

[0271] The second auxiliary inductors a2 in different phase rectifier circuits can be connected in series, in parallel, or not connected. For example, the second auxiliary inductor xa2 in the xth phase and the second auxiliary inductor ya2 in the yth phase can be connected in series, in parallel, or not connected. That is, xa2 and ya2 can be connected in series, in parallel, or not connected.

[0272] The first auxiliary inductor a1 and the second auxiliary inductor a2 in rectifier circuits of different phases must be connected to the same type of ports. For example, the first end of the first auxiliary inductor xa1 of the xth phase (the port with the same terminal label, i.e., the port marked with an *) is connected to the first end of the second auxiliary inductor ya2 of the yth phase, and the second end of the first auxiliary inductor xa1 of the xth phase (the port without the same terminal label, i.e., the port not marked with an *) is connected to the second end of the second auxiliary inductor ya2 of the yth phase. In other words, xa1 and ya2 must be connected to the same type of ports.

[0273] Table 2 Connection relationship between the first primary inductor p1 and the second primary inductor p2

[0274] For example, as shown in Table 2, the connection relationship between the first primary inductors p1 in the rectifier circuits of different phases can be: they can be connected in series or in parallel. For example, the first primary inductor xp1 of the xth phase and the first primary inductor yp1 of the yth phase can be connected in series or in parallel. In other words, xp1 and yp1 can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0275] The second primary inductors p2 in different phase rectifier circuits can be connected in series or in parallel. For example, the second primary inductor xp2 of the xth phase and the second primary inductor yp2 of the yth phase can be connected in series or in parallel. In other words, xp2 and yp2 can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0276] The connection relationship between the first primary inductor p1 and the second primary inductor p2 in rectifier circuits of different phases requires that they be connected to different types of ports. For example, the first end of the first primary inductor xp1 of the xth phase (the port with the same terminal label, i.e., the port marked with *) is connected to the second end of the second primary inductor yp2 of the yth phase, and the second end of the first primary inductor xp1 of the xth phase (the port without the same terminal label, i.e., the port not marked with *) is connected to the first end of the second primary inductor yp2 of the yth phase. In other words, xp1 and yp2 must be connected to different types of ports.

[0277] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0278] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 21 , the voltage regulation circuit includes a first phase rectifier circuit CDR# 1 and a second phase rectifier circuit CDR# 2 .

[0279] The first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are electrically connected to different primary switch networks CK2, and the first auxiliary windings A1 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in series.

[0280] Of course, the voltage regulation circuit is not limited to including only two-phase rectifier circuits. As shown in FIG21 , the voltage regulation circuit can include n-phase rectifier circuits (e.g., first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 through n-phase rectifier circuit CDR#n), each of which is electrically connected to a different primary switch network CK2. The first auxiliary winding A1 of the multi-phase rectifier circuit is connected in series.

[0281] To expand output current capability, in addition to the aforementioned configuration of a single primary switch network CK2 corresponding to a multi-phase rectifier circuit in Figures 20A-20D, multiple structures in Figures 20A-20D can also be connected in parallel for output. Figure 21 illustrates the case of a single primary switch network CK2 corresponding to a single-phase rectifier circuit. Alternatively, a single primary switch network CK2 can correspond to a multi-phase rectifier circuit. Each primary switch network CK2 corresponds to a module, and the primary winding P in each module is connected to a different primary switch network CK2. The modules operate in an interleaved manner, with a phase shift of 180° / N between adjacent modules, where N is the number of modules. The winding connections within each module are similar to those described above. To achieve magnetic coupling between the modules, the first auxiliary windings A1 between the modules can be connected in series, allowing for interaction between the modules and improving the transient response of the voltage regulation circuit. Alternatively, the first auxiliary windings A1 between the modules can be connected in parallel.

[0282] In some embodiments, the rectifier circuit also includes a first active switching network Y1. When the voltage regulation circuit includes a multi-phase rectifier circuit, the multi-phase rectifier circuit can be independently provided with a first active switching network Y1, and the multi-phase rectifier circuit can share the same first active switching network Y1 to simplify the circuit structure.

[0283] 22A-22B are schematic diagrams of a topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0284] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 22A , the voltage regulation circuit includes a first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and a second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 connected in series, and the first auxiliary windings A1 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in series and receive the voltage provided by the first active switching network Y1.

[0285] For example, the first auxiliary winding A1 of the first phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in series to form a port, and both ends of the port are electrically connected or magnetically coupled to the first node SW1 and the second node SW2 respectively.

[0286] Of course, the structure of the first active switch network Y1 can be any of the first active switch networks Y1 described above. FIG22A is only an illustration and does not limit the structure in any way.

[0287] To cope with high-current scenarios, the voltage regulation circuit can adopt a multi-phase series-parallel architecture. The first active switching network Y1 operates in the same manner as described above during steady-state and transient conditions, and its function for each phase of the rectifier circuit is the same. Consequently, the current of the first auxiliary winding A1 is multiplied by 2w and added to the first output terminal Vo1 of each phase of the rectifier circuit. Therefore, when the n-phase rectifier circuits are connected in parallel, their current reflects the changes in the current of the first auxiliary winding A1 with a 2nw amplification factor. This allows for a significant current increase in a short period of time, enabling rapid response to load transients.

[0288] The voltage regulation circuit provided in the embodiments of the present application can include a multi-phase rectifier circuit when used in high-current applications. The first auxiliary windings A1 in the multi-phase rectifier circuit can be connected in series or in parallel, thereby creating magnetic coupling between the multi-phase rectifier circuits, which can improve the transient performance of the voltage regulation circuit to a certain extent.

[0289] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG22B , the voltage regulation circuit includes a first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and a second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 connected in parallel, and the first auxiliary windings A1 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in parallel to receive the voltage provided by the first active switching network Y1.

[0290] For example, the first auxiliary winding A1 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in parallel to form a port, the two ends of which are electrically connected or magnetically coupled to the first node SW1 and the second node SW2, respectively. The operation is the same as that described above in FIG. 22A and will not be further described here.

[0291] In some embodiments, the voltage regulation circuit includes a first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and a second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 connected in series, and a third-phase rectifier circuit CDR#3 connected in parallel with the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1. The first auxiliary windings A1 of the first-phase rectifier circuits CDR#1 and CDR#3 are connected in parallel and receive a voltage provided by the first active switching network Y1.

[0292] In some embodiments, the rectifier circuit also includes a second active switching network Y2. When the voltage regulation circuit includes a multi-phase rectifier circuit, the multi-phase rectifier circuit can be independently provided with a second active switching network Y2, and the multi-phase rectifier circuit can share the same second active switching network Y2 to simplify the circuit structure.

[0293] FIG23 is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0294] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG23 , the voltage regulation circuit includes a first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and a second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 connected in series. First auxiliary windings A1 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in series and receive a voltage provided by a first active switch network Y1. Second auxiliary windings A2 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in series and receive a voltage provided by a second active switch network Y2.

[0295] For example, the second auxiliary winding A2 of the first phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in series to form a port, and both ends of the port are electrically connected or magnetically coupled to the first node SW1 and the second node SW2 of the second active switch network Y2 respectively.

[0296] In other embodiments, the voltage regulation circuit includes a first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and a second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 connected in parallel. First auxiliary windings A1 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in parallel and receive a voltage provided by a first active switching network Y1. Second auxiliary windings A2 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in parallel and receive a voltage provided by a second active switching network Y2.

[0297] For example, the second auxiliary winding A2 of the first phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in parallel to form a port, and both ends of the port are electrically connected or magnetically coupled to the first node SW1 and the second node SW2 of the second active switch network Y2 respectively.

[0298] The structures of the first active switch network Y1 and the second active switch network Y2 may be the same or different. FIG23 only illustrates the case where the first active switch network Y1 and the second active switch network Y2 have the same structure.

[0299] The voltage regulation circuit shown in FIG23 includes a first active switching network Y1 and a second active switching network Y2. When a load transient occurs, the first active switching network Y1 and the second active switching network Y2 can be operated simultaneously or staggered for a certain period of time to respond to the load transient in accordance with the above-mentioned transient operating mode. Moreover, the joint regulation of the first active switching network Y1 and the second active switching network Y2 can further enhance the transient response capability of the circuit compared to regulation of only the first active switching network Y1.

[0300] FIG24 is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0301] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG24 , the voltage regulation circuit includes a first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and a second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2. The first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are electrically connected to different primary switch networks CK2. First auxiliary windings A1 of the first-phase rectifier circuit CDR#1 and the second-phase rectifier circuit CDR#2 are connected in series and receive a voltage provided by the first active switch network Y1.

[0302] To expand output current capability, in addition to the aforementioned configuration of a single primary switching network CK2 corresponding to a multi-phase rectifier circuit in Figures 22A-23, multiple structures in Figures 22A-23 can also be connected in parallel for output. Figure 24 illustrates the example of a single primary switching network CK2 corresponding to a single-phase rectifier circuit. Alternatively, a single primary switching network CK2 can correspond to a multi-phase rectifier circuit. Each primary switching network CK2 corresponds to a module, and the primary winding P in each module is connected to a different primary switching network CK2. The first output terminals Vo1 of each module are connected in parallel, and the first auxiliary windings A1 of each module are connected in series. The first active switching network Y1 operates in the same manner as described above. When a load transient occurs, the first active switching network Y1 can respond to the load transient by rapidly increasing or decreasing the current in the first auxiliary winding A1 and reflecting this current to the output of each module, significantly enhancing the circuit's transient response.

[0303] In some embodiments, when the voltage regulating circuit includes a multi-phase rectifier circuit, the first output terminals Vo1 of the multi-phase rectifier circuit are electrically connected to each other (in parallel).

[0304] In the above example, the primary switch network CK2 is taken as a half-bridge circuit as shown in FIG. 24 . The primary switch network CK2 in the embodiment of the present application may also be a full-bridge circuit, a push-pull circuit or a forward circuit.

[0305] 25A-25C are schematic diagrams of the topological structure of a voltage regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0306] For example, as shown in FIG25A , the primary switch network CK2 is a full-bridge circuit.

[0307] The primary switch network CK2 includes a first primary switch Q1, a second primary switch Q2, a third primary switch Q3, a fourth primary switch Q4, an input capacitor Ci, and a second input terminal Vi2 (e.g., a voltage source). The first primary switch Q1 and the second primary switch Q2 are connected in series, the third primary switch Q3 and the fourth primary switch Q4 are connected in series, a third node SW3 is connected between the first primary switch Q1 and the second primary switch Q2, and a fourth node SW4 is connected between the third primary switch Q3 and the fourth primary switch Q4. The input capacitor Ci, the branch connecting the first primary switch Q1 and the second primary switch Q2 in series, and the branch connecting the third primary switch Q3 and the fourth primary switch Q4 in series are connected in parallel to the positive and negative electrodes of the second input terminal Vi2.

[0308] Alternatively, for example, as shown in FIG25B , the primary switching network CK2 is a forward circuit.

[0309] The primary switch network CK2 includes a first primary switch Q1, a second primary switch Q2, an input capacitor Ci, and a second input terminal Vi2. The second primary switch Q2, the first primary switch Q1, and the input capacitor Ci are connected in series and then connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the second input terminal Vi2. A fourth node SW4 is connected between the first primary switch Q1 and the second primary switch Q2, and a third node SW3 is connected between the input capacitor Ci and the positive electrode of the second input terminal Vi2.

[0310] Alternatively, for example, as shown in FIG25C , the primary switch network CK2 is a push-pull circuit.

[0311] The primary switch network CK2 includes a first primary switch Q1, a second primary switch Q2, and a second input terminal Vi2. The primary winding P includes a first primary inductor p1, a second primary inductor p2, a third primary inductor p3, and a fourth primary inductor p4. One end of the first and second primary switches Q1 and Q2 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the second input terminal Vi2. The other end of the first primary switch Q1 is electrically connected to the first end of the third primary inductor p3. The second end of the third primary inductor p3 is electrically connected to the first end of the second primary inductor p2. The second end of the second primary inductor p2 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the second input terminal Vi2. The other end of the second primary switch Q2 is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth primary inductor p4. The first end of the fourth primary inductor p4 is electrically connected to the second end of the first primary inductor p1. The first end of the first primary inductor p1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the second input terminal Vi2.

[0312] Of course, the primary switch network CK2 illustrated in the embodiment of the present application is only an illustration and is not intended to be limiting. The primary switch network CK2 in related technologies is applicable to the embodiment of the present application.

[0313] In some embodiments, the primary winding P, the secondary winding S, and the first auxiliary winding A1 of at least two-phase rectifier circuits in the voltage regulation circuit are wound on the same magnetic core.

[0314] An embodiment of the present application also provides a circuit board assembly, including a circuit board and a voltage regulating circuit; the voltage regulating circuit includes any one of the above-mentioned voltage regulating circuits, and the voltage regulating circuit is arranged on the circuit board.

[0315] Below, the winding methods of the first transformer T1 in the rectifier circuit and the first transformer T1 in the voltage regulation circuit are schematically described in conjunction with the transformers provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0316] 26A and 26B are schematic diagrams of a transformer winding method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0317] An embodiment of the present application provides a transformer T, as shown in FIG26A . The transformer T includes a magnetic core, a first winding 40, a second winding 50, and a third winding 60. The magnetic core includes a first magnetic column 10 and a second magnetic column 20 arranged in parallel. The first winding 40 includes a first coil 41 and a second coil 42. The first coil 41 is wound around the first magnetic column 10, and the second coil 42 is wound around the second magnetic column 20. The second winding 50 includes a third coil 51 and a fourth coil 52. The third coil 53 is wound around the first magnetic column 10, and the fourth coil 52 is wound around the second magnetic column 20. The third winding 60 is wound around the magnetic core.

[0318] In the embodiment of the present application, the first winding 40, the second winding 50, and the third winding 60 are integrated into the same magnetic core. The transformer T is configured in a magnetically integrated manner, which can reduce the number of magnetic components, optimize the winding structure and magnetic flux path, reduce winding and core losses, reduce the size of the magnetic components, and improve the power density and efficiency of the transformer T. Furthermore, the transformer T is integrated with the third winding 60 in addition to the first winding 40 and the second winding 50. The increase in the number of windings in the transformer T can improve the consistency of the inductive magnetic coupling within the transformer T.

[0319] In some embodiments, the third winding 60 includes a fifth coil and a sixth coil. The fifth coil is wound around the first magnetic column 10 , and the sixth coil is wound around the second magnetic column 20 .

[0320] For example, the magnetic flux direction of the first magnetic column 10 is opposite to the magnetic flux direction of the second magnetic column 20, the coils on the first magnetic column 10 are wound in the same direction, the coils on the second magnetic column 20 are wound in the same direction, and the coils on the first magnetic column 10 and the coils on the second magnetic column 20 are wound in opposite directions. For example, the first coil 41, the third coil 51, and the fifth coil are wound in the same direction, the second coil 42, the fourth coil 52, and the sixth coil are wound in the same direction, the first coil 41 and the second coil 42 are wound in opposite directions, the third coil 51 and the fourth coil 52 are wound in opposite directions, and the fifth coil and the sixth coil are wound in opposite directions.

[0321] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG26A , the magnetic core further includes a third magnetic column 30, which is located between the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20, and the third winding 60 is wound around the third magnetic column 30. For example, at least a portion of the third winding 60 is also wound around the first magnetic column 10 and / or the second magnetic column 20. For example, the third winding 60 can also extend to be wound around the first magnetic column 10 and / or the second magnetic column 20.

[0322] For example, as shown in FIG26A , the magnetic flux direction of the first magnetic column 10 is opposite to the magnetic flux direction of the second magnetic column 20. The coils on the first magnetic column 10 are wound in the same direction, the coils on the second magnetic column 20 are wound in the same direction, and the coils on the first magnetic column 10 and the coils on the second magnetic column 20 are wound in opposite directions. For example, the first coil 41 and the third coil 51 are wound in the same direction, the second coil 42 and the fourth coil 52 are wound in the same direction, the first coil 41 and the second coil 42 are wound in opposite directions, the third coil 51 and the fourth coil 52 are wound in opposite directions, and the third winding 60 is wound on the third magnetic column 30.

[0323] Optionally, one of the first winding 40 and the second winding 50 is the input winding of the transformer T, and the other is the output winding of the transformer T. When the two transformers T are used in a rectifier circuit, the first winding 40 and the second winding 50 serve as the primary winding P and the secondary winding S, respectively, and the third winding 60 serves as the first auxiliary winding A1. For example, the first winding 40 serves as the primary winding P, the second winding 50 serves as the secondary winding S, and the third winding 60 serves as the first auxiliary winding A1.

[0324] Alternatively, as shown in FIG26B , the magnetic flux direction of the first magnetic column 10 is the same as the magnetic flux direction of the second magnetic column 20, and opposite to the magnetic flux direction of the third magnetic column 30. The coils on the first magnetic column 10 are wound in the same direction, and the coils on the second magnetic column 20 are wound in the same direction. The coils on the first magnetic column 10 and the coils on the second magnetic column 20 are wound in opposite directions. For example, the first coil 41, the second coil 42, the third coil 51, and the fourth coil 52 are wound in the same direction and opposite to the third winding 60.

[0325] Optionally, one of the first winding 40 and the third winding 60 is the input winding of the transformer T, and the other is the output winding of the transformer T. When the two transformers T are used in a rectifier circuit, the first winding 40 and the third winding 60 serve as the primary winding P and the secondary winding S, respectively, and the second winding 50 serves as the first auxiliary winding A1. For example, the third winding 60 serves as the primary winding P, the first winding 40 serves as the secondary winding S, and the second winding 50 serves as the first auxiliary winding A1.

[0326] In other embodiments, the magnetic core also includes a third magnetic column, which is located between the first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20; the magnetic core also includes a base, and the first magnetic column 10, the second magnetic column 20, and the third magnetic column are arranged on the same side of the base; the third winding 60 includes a fifth coil and a sixth coil; the fifth coil is located between the first magnetic column 10 and the third magnetic column and is buckled on the base; the sixth coil is located between the second magnetic column 20 and the third magnetic column and is buckled on the base.

[0327] Each phase rectifier circuit has a multi-winding magnetically coupled, magnetically integrated first transformer T1. Each first transformer T1 can adopt the structure of the first transformer T1 described above, and the winding directions of the two sub-transformers of each first transformer T1 can be in the same or opposite directions. When the voltage regulation circuit includes a multi-phase rectifier circuit, the first transformers T1 in the multi-phase rectifier circuit can also be integrated. Therefore, n such first transformers T1 can be fully or partially integrated. Taking the integration of m (1≤m≤n) transformers out of n first transformers T1 as an example, since each first transformer T1 includes two sub-transformers, the m first transformers T1 have a total of 2m sub-transformers. Each sub-transformer can be wound in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. Therefore, k (0≤k≤2m) clockwise winding groups and 2m-k counterclockwise winding groups can be wound on 2m magnetic poles. The ports of each winding are then connected according to the connection method in the above topology circuit, thus obtaining a multi-phase, multi-winding magnetically coupled, magnetically integrated transformer. Furthermore, for any specific k, the winding structure of each phase transformer can be varied.

[0328] 27A-27D are schematic diagrams of a transformer winding method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0329] Taking the integration of a two-phase first transformer T1 as an example, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG27A , the magnetic core includes a first magnetic column 10, a second magnetic column 20, a fourth magnetic column 15, and a fifth magnetic column 25. The transformer T includes a first winding 40, a second winding 50, a third winding 60, a fourth winding 70, a fifth winding 80, and a sixth winding 90. The first winding 40, the second winding 50, and the third winding 60 can be understood as belonging to the first-phase transformer TR1, and the fourth winding 70, the fifth winding 80, and the sixth winding 90 can be understood as belonging to the second-phase transformer TR2.

[0330] The first winding 40 includes a first coil 41 and a second coil 42 . The first coil 41 is wound around the first magnetic column 10 , and the second coil 42 is wound around the second magnetic column 20 .

[0331] The second winding 50 includes a third coil 51 and a fourth coil 52 . The third coil 53 is wound around the first magnetic column 10 , and the fourth coil 52 is wound around the second magnetic column 20 .

[0332] The third winding 60 includes a fifth coil 61 and a sixth coil 62 . The fifth coil 61 is wound around the first magnetic column 10 , and the sixth coil 62 is wound around the second magnetic column 20 .

[0333] The fourth winding 70 includes a seventh coil 71 and an eighth coil 72 . The seventh coil 71 is wound around the fourth magnetic column 15 , and the eighth coil 72 is wound around the fifth magnetic column 25 .

[0334] The fifth winding 80 includes a ninth coil 81 and a tenth coil 82 . The ninth coil 81 is wound around the fourth magnetic column 15 , and the tenth coil 82 is wound around the fifth magnetic column 25 .

[0335] The sixth winding 90 includes an eleventh coil 91 and a twelfth coil 92 . The eleventh coil 91 is wound around the fourth magnetic column 15 , and the twelfth coil 92 is wound around the fifth magnetic column 25 .

[0336] For example, the first magnetic pillar 10 , the second magnetic pillar 20 , the fourth magnetic pillar 15 , and the fifth magnetic pillar 25 can be arranged in any arrangement.

[0337] Alternatively, for example, the first magnetic pillar 10 , the second magnetic pillar 20 , the fourth magnetic pillar 15 , and the fifth magnetic pillar 25 are arranged in a matrix.

[0338] For example, as shown in FIG27A , the first magnetic pillar 10 , the second magnetic pillar 20 , the fourth magnetic pillar 15 , and the fifth magnetic pillar 25 are arranged in a matrix of two rows and two columns.

[0339] Optionally, the first magnetic pillar 10 is located in the same row as the second magnetic pillar 20 , in the same column as the fourth magnetic pillar 15 , and diagonally opposite to the fifth magnetic pillar 25 .

[0340] Alternatively, optionally, the first magnetic pillar 10 is located in the same row as the second magnetic pillar 20 , in the same column as the fifth magnetic pillar 25 , and diagonally opposite to the fourth magnetic pillar 15 .

[0341] Alternatively, optionally, the first magnetic pillar 10 is located in the same row as the fourth magnetic pillar 15 , in the same column as the fifth magnetic pillar 25 , and diagonally to the second magnetic pillar 20 .

[0342] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG27A , the transformer T is a transformer wound in the same direction. For example, the first-phase transformer TR1 has two sets of coils wound counterclockwise, and the second-phase transformer TR2 has two sets of coils wound clockwise, i.e., a combination of coils wound in the same direction.

[0343] For example, as shown in FIG27B , the first coil 41 and the second coil 42 are wound in the same direction, and the seventh coil 71 and the eighth coil 72 are wound in the same direction. However, the first winding 40 and the fourth winding 70 are wound in opposite directions, the first coil 41 and the seventh coil 71 are wound in opposite directions, and the second coil 42 and the eighth coil 72 are wound in opposite directions.

[0344] As shown in FIG27C , the third coil 51 and the fourth coil 52 are wound in the same direction, and the ninth coil 81 and the tenth coil 82 are wound in the same direction. However, the second winding 50 and the fifth winding 80 are wound in opposite directions, the third coil 51 and the ninth coil 81 are wound in opposite directions, and the fourth coil 52 and the tenth coil 82 are wound in opposite directions.

[0345] As shown in FIG27D , the fifth coil 61 and the sixth coil 62 are wound in the same direction, and the eleventh coil 91 and the twelfth coil 92 are wound in the same direction. However, the third winding 60 and the sixth winding 90 are wound in opposite directions, the fifth coil 61 and the eleventh coil 91 are wound in opposite directions, and the sixth coil 62 and the twelfth coil 92 are wound in opposite directions.

[0346] In some embodiments, the first phase transformer TR1 and the second phase transformer TR2 are mirror-symmetrical to improve the electrical performance of the transformer T.

[0347] The ports* labeled with the same terminal are used as the starting point for winding each coil. For example, the coils on the first magnetic column 10, the second magnetic column 20, the fourth magnetic column 15, and the fifth magnetic column 25 are wound in the reverse-reverse-forward-forward direction. Of course, the coils on the first magnetic column 10, the second magnetic column 20, the fourth magnetic column 15, and the fifth magnetic column 25 can also be wound in the forward-forward-reverse-reverse direction. When the transformer T is used in a voltage regulation circuit, the ports* labeled with the same terminal are the first terminals of the inductor in the topological circuit, and the ports without the same terminal are the second terminals of the inductor in the topological circuit.

[0348] For example, the first winding 40 is the primary winding P of a first transformer T1 for one phase, the second winding 50 is the secondary winding S of a first transformer T2 for one phase, and the third winding 60 is the first auxiliary winding A1 of the first transformer T1 for one phase. The fourth winding 70 is the primary winding P of a first transformer T1 for another phase, the fifth winding 80 is the secondary winding S of a first transformer T2 for another phase, and the sixth winding 90 is the first auxiliary winding A1 of a first transformer T1 for another phase.

[0349] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG27A , the magnetic core further includes a sixth magnetic column 01. The first magnetic column 10, the second magnetic column 20, the sixth magnetic column 01, and the coils wound thereon constitute the first-phase transformer TR1. The fourth magnetic column 15, the fifth magnetic column 25, the sixth magnetic column 01, and the coils wound thereon constitute the second-phase transformer TR2. After the coils are connected according to the connection method in the topological structure, the first-phase transformer TR1 and the second-phase transformer TR2 have mirror-symmetric structures, and the total magnetic flux of the sixth magnetic column 01 is zero. Therefore, in some embodiments, the magnetic core further includes the sixth magnetic column 01. In other embodiments, the magnetic core does not include the sixth magnetic column 01.

[0350] In some embodiments, the magnetic core further includes a sixth magnetic column 01, which is equidistant from the first magnetic column 10, the second magnetic column 20, the fourth magnetic column 15, and the fifth magnetic column 25. For example, the sixth magnetic column 01 is located at the center of the matrix.

[0351] FIG28 is a schematic diagram of a winding method of a transformer provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0352] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG28 , the transformer T is a reverse-wound transformer. For example, the first-phase transformer TR1 includes a set of coils wound counterclockwise and a set of coils wound clockwise, while the second-phase transformer TR2 includes a set of coils wound counterclockwise and a set of coils wound clockwise, i.e., reverse-wound combinations.

[0353] For example, the first coil 41 and the second coil 42 are wound in opposite directions, and the seventh coil 71 and the eighth coil 72 are wound in opposite directions. The first winding 40 and the fourth winding 70 are wound in opposite directions, the first coil 41 and the seventh coil 71 are wound in opposite directions, and the second coil 42 and the eighth coil 72 are wound in opposite directions.

[0354] The third coil 51 and the fourth coil 52 are wound in opposite directions, and the ninth coil 81 and the tenth coil 82 are wound in opposite directions. The second winding 50 and the fifth winding 80 are wound in opposite directions, the third coil 51 and the ninth coil 81 are wound in opposite directions, and the fourth coil 52 and the tenth coil 82 are wound in opposite directions.

[0355] The fifth coil 61 and the sixth coil 62 are wound in opposite directions, and the eleventh coil 91 and the twelfth coil 92 are wound in opposite directions. The third winding 60 and the sixth winding 90 are wound in opposite directions, and the fifth coil 61 and the eleventh coil 91 are wound in opposite directions, and the sixth coil 62 and the twelfth coil 92 are wound in opposite directions.

[0356] The ports* labeled with the same terminal are used as the starting point for winding each coil. For example, the coils on the first magnetic column 10, the second magnetic column 20, the fourth magnetic column 15, and the fifth magnetic column 25 are wound in the direction of "forward-reverse-forward-reverse." Of course, the coils on the first magnetic column 10, the second magnetic column 20, the fourth magnetic column 15, and the fifth magnetic column 25 can also be wound in the direction of "reverse-forward-reverse-forward." When the transformer T is used in a voltage regulation circuit, the ports* labeled with the same terminal are the first terminals of the inductor in the topological circuit, and the ports without the same terminal are the second terminals of the inductor in the topological circuit.

[0357] FIG29 is a schematic diagram of a winding method of a transformer provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0358] In some other embodiments, as shown in FIG29 , the transformer T is a mixed-winding transformer. For example, the first-phase transformer TR1 has two sets of counterclockwise-wound coils, and the second-phase transformer TR2 has one set of counterclockwise-wound coils and one set of clockwise-wound coils, i.e., a forward-and-reverse-winding combination.

[0359] For example, the first coil 41 and the second coil 42 are wound in the same direction, and the seventh coil 71 and the eighth coil 72 are wound in opposite directions. The first winding 40 and the fourth winding 70 are wound in opposite directions, the first coil 41 and the seventh coil 71 are wound in opposite directions, and the second coil 42 and the eighth coil 72 are wound in opposite directions.

[0360] The third coil 51 and the fourth coil 52 are wound in the same direction, and the ninth coil 81 and the tenth coil 82 are wound in opposite directions. The second winding 50 and the fifth winding 80 are wound in opposite directions, the third coil 51 and the ninth coil 81 are wound in opposite directions, and the fourth coil 52 and the tenth coil 82 are wound in opposite directions.

[0361] The fifth coil 61 and the sixth coil 62 are wound in the same direction, and the eleventh coil 91 and the twelfth coil 92 are wound in opposite directions. The third winding 60 and the sixth winding 90 are wound in opposite directions, the fifth coil 61 and the eleventh coil 91 are wound in opposite directions, and the sixth coil 62 and the twelfth coil 92 are wound in opposite directions.

[0362] The ports* labeled with the same terminal are used as the starting point for winding each coil. For example, the coils on the first magnetic column 10, the second magnetic column 20, the fourth magnetic column 15, and the fifth magnetic column 25 are wound in a "forward-forward-reverse-forward" direction. Of course, the coils on the first magnetic column 10, the second magnetic column 20, the fourth magnetic column 15, and the fifth magnetic column 25 can also be wound in a "reverse-reverse-forward-reverse" direction. When the transformer T is used in a voltage regulation circuit, the ports* labeled with the same terminal are the first terminals of the inductor in the topological circuit, and the ports without the same terminal are the second terminals of the inductor in the topological circuit.

[0363] In the transformer T provided in the embodiment of the present application, the winding method of the winding is flexible, is not restricted by the direction of the magnetic flux, and has a wider range of applications.

[0364] FIG30 is a schematic diagram of a winding method of a transformer provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0365] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG30 , the first magnetic pillars 10 , the second magnetic pillars 20 , the fourth magnetic pillars 15 , and the fifth magnetic pillars 25 are arranged in a matrix of one row and four columns or one column and four rows.

[0366] The winding direction of the coils on the first magnetic column 10 , the second magnetic column 20 , the fourth magnetic column 15 and the fifth magnetic column 25 may be the same as the winding direction of the two rows and two columns arrangement described above. FIG30 is only an illustration.

[0367] In some embodiments, the magnetic core further includes a sixth magnetic column 01 , which is located in a different row from the first magnetic column 10 , the second magnetic column 20 , the fourth magnetic column 15 , and the fifth magnetic column 25 .

[0368] In some embodiments, the coils wound on the same magnetic column are wound in the same direction. For example, the first coil 41, the third coil 51, and the fifth coil 61 are wound in the same direction; the second coil 42, the fourth coil 52, and the sixth coil 62 are wound in the same direction; the seventh coil 71, the ninth coil 81, and the eleventh coil 91 are wound in the same direction; and the eighth coil 72, the tenth coil 82, and the twelfth coil 92 are wound in the same direction.

[0369] The embodiments of this application illustrate the magnetic integration of a two-phase transformer. Transformer T can also integrate multiple phase transformers, and this is not a limitation of this embodiment. When the transformer is used in a voltage regulation circuit, since the rectifier circuits of each phase are magnetically coupled between the first auxiliary winding A1, magnetic coupling in the transformer structure is not required. Therefore, there are no restrictions on the physical magnetic core of transformer T, and transformer T can be expanded to a magnetically integrated structure with multiple phases.

[0370] An embodiment of the present application also provides a circuit board assembly, including a circuit board and any of the aforementioned transformers T. The first magnetic column 10 and the second magnetic column 20 of the transformer T extend through the circuit board along its thickness, and the first winding 40, the second winding 50, and the third winding 60 of the transformer T are integrated into the circuit board. If the transformer T further includes a third magnetic column 30, a fourth magnetic column 15, a fifth magnetic column 25, and a sixth magnetic column 01, the third magnetic column 30, the fourth magnetic column 15, the fifth magnetic column 25, and the sixth magnetic column 01 may also extend through the circuit board along its thickness.

[0371] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited to this. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A rectifier circuit, characterized in that, it includes: a first input terminal and a first output terminal; a secondary switch network; a first transformer, including a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a first auxiliary winding; the primary winding is electrically connected to the first input terminal, the primary winding is magnetically coupled to the secondary winding, and the primary winding is magnetically decoupled from the first auxiliary winding; the first auxiliary winding includes a first auxiliary inductor and a second auxiliary inductor connected in series; the secondary winding includes a first secondary inductor and a second secondary inductor, and both the first secondary inductor and the second secondary inductor are electrically connected to the first output terminal, the first auxiliary inductor is magnetically coupled to the first secondary inductor, and the second auxiliary inductor is magnetically coupled to the second secondary inductor; the secondary winding is electrically connected to the secondary switch network, and the secondary winding is also electrically connected to the first output terminal.

2. The rectifier circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, the rectifier circuit further includes a first active switch network; the first active switch network is configured to provide multiple voltages to the ports of the first auxiliary winding, and the first auxiliary winding is configured to receive the voltages.

3. The rectifier circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first active switch network includes a switch network, a voltage source, a first node, and a second node; the switch network is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the voltage source, and the switch network is also electrically connected to the first node and the second node; the first active switch network is configured to provide the voltage to the ports of the first auxiliary winding through the first node and the second node.

4. The rectifier circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, the switch network includes a first switch and a second switch; the first switch is electrically connected between the first node and the positive pole of the voltage source, and the second switch is electrically connected between the first node and the negative pole of the voltage source; the second node is located between the second switch and the negative pole of the voltage source.

5. The rectifier circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, the switch network includes a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, and a sixth switch; the third switch is electrically connected between the first node and the positive pole of the voltage source, and the fourth switch is electrically connected between the first node and the negative pole of the voltage source; the fifth switch is electrically connected between the second node and the positive pole of the voltage source, and the sixth switch is electrically connected between the second node and the negative pole of the voltage source.

6. The rectifier circuit according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, both ends of the first auxiliary winding are correspondingly electrically connected to the first node and the second node.

7. The rectifier circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, the rectifier circuit further includes a capacitor, and the capacitor is electrically connected between the first auxiliary winding and the first active switch network.

8. The rectifier circuit according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The rectifier circuit further includes a second transformer. A first-stage winding of the second transformer is electrically connected to two ends of the first auxiliary winding, and a second-stage winding of the second transformer is electrically connected to the first node and the second node.

9. The rectifier circuit according to any one of claims 2-4, 6-8, wherein, the rectifier circuit further includes a second auxiliary winding and a second active switch network; the first active switch network is configured to provide a reference ground voltage and a positive voltage to the first auxiliary winding; the second active switch network is configured to provide the reference ground voltage and a negative voltage to the second auxiliary winding.

10. The rectifier circuit according to claim 3, wherein, the first auxiliary inductor is electrically connected to the second node, and the second auxiliary inductor is electrically connected to the first node; or, the first auxiliary inductor is electrically connected to the first node, and the second auxiliary inductor is electrically connected to the second node.

11. The rectifier circuit according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein, the primary winding, the secondary winding, and the first auxiliary winding are wound on the same magnetic core.

12. The rectifier circuit according to claim 11, wherein, the magnetic core includes a first magnetic post and a second magnetic post; a first primary inductor and the first secondary inductor are wound on the first magnetic post, and a second primary inductor and the second secondary inductor are wound on the second magnetic post.

13. The rectifier circuit according to claim 12, wherein, the first auxiliary inductor is wound on the first magnetic post, and the second auxiliary inductor is wound on the second magnetic post; and / or, the magnetic core further includes a third magnetic post; the third magnetic post is located between the first magnetic post and the second magnetic post; the first auxiliary inductor and the second auxiliary inductor are wound on the third magnetic post.

14. The rectifier circuit according to claim 11, wherein, the magnetic core includes a first magnetic post, a second magnetic post, and a third magnetic post. The first secondary inductor and the first auxiliary inductor are wound on the first magnetic post, the second secondary inductor and the second auxiliary inductor are wound on the second magnetic post, and the first primary inductor and the second primary inductor are wound on the third magnetic post.

15. A voltage regulation circuit, wherein, it includes a primary switch network and at least one-phase rectifier circuit. A second output terminal of the primary switch network is electrically connected to a first input terminal of the rectifier circuit; the rectifier circuit includes the rectifier circuit according to any one of claims 1-14.

16. The voltage regulation circuit according to claim 15, wherein, multiple phases of the rectifier circuit share the same first active switch network.

17. The voltage regulation circuit according to claim 15 or 16, wherein, the voltage regulation circuit includes a first-phase rectifier circuit and a second-phase rectifier circuit connected in series; first input terminals of the first-phase rectifier circuit and the second-phase rectifier circuit are connected in series and then electrically connected to the second output terminal of the primary switch network; The first auxiliary windings of the rectifier circuit of the first phase and the rectifier circuit of the second phase are connected in series and receive the voltage provided by the first active switch network.

18. The voltage regulating circuit according to any one of claims 15-17, wherein, the voltage regulating circuit includes the rectifier circuit of the first phase and the rectifier circuit of the third phase connected in parallel; The first input ends of the rectifier circuit of the first phase and the rectifier circuit of the third phase are both electrically connected to the second output end of the primary switch network; The first auxiliary windings of the rectifier circuit of the first phase and the rectifier circuit of the third phase are connected in parallel to receive the voltage provided by the first active switch network.

19. The voltage regulating circuit according to any one of claims 15-18, wherein, the voltage regulating circuit includes the rectifier circuit of the first phase and the rectifier circuit of the fourth phase; The rectifier circuit of the first phase and the rectifier circuit of the fourth phase are electrically connected to different primary switch networks, and the first auxiliary windings of the rectifier circuit of the first phase and the rectifier circuit of the fourth phase are connected in series and receive the voltage provided by the first active switch network.

20. The voltage regulating circuit according to any one of claims 15-19, wherein, the primary windings, the secondary windings, and the first auxiliary windings of at least two phases of the rectifier circuits are wound on the same magnetic core.

21. A transformer, wherein, applied to a rectifier circuit, the transformer includes: A magnetic core including a first magnetic column and a second magnetic column arranged in parallel; A first winding including a first coil and a second coil; the first coil is wound on the first magnetic column, and the second coil is wound on the second magnetic column; A second winding including a third coil and a fourth coil; the third coil is wound on the first magnetic column, and the fourth coil is wound on the second magnetic column; A third winding wound on the magnetic core.

22. The transformer according to claim 21, wherein, the magnetic core further includes a third magnetic column located between the first magnetic column and the second magnetic column; the third winding is wound on the third magnetic column.

23. The transformer according to claim 21 or 22, wherein, the first coil and the second coil are wound in opposite directions, and the third coil and the fourth coil are wound in opposite directions.

24. The transformer according to claim 22, wherein, the first coil, the second coil, the third coil, and the fourth coil are wound in the same direction and are wound in the opposite direction to the third winding.

25. The transformer according to claim 21, wherein, the third winding includes a fifth coil and a sixth coil; the fifth coil is wound on the first magnetic column, and the sixth coil is wound on the second magnetic column; the magnetic core further includes a fourth magnetic column and a fifth magnetic column; the transformer further includes a fourth winding, a fifth winding, and a sixth winding; the fourth winding includes a seventh coil and an eighth coil; the seventh coil is wound on the fourth magnetic column, and the eighth coil is wound on the fifth magnetic column; The fifth winding includes a ninth coil and a tenth coil; the ninth coil is wound around the fourth magnetic column, and the tenth coil is wound around the fifth magnetic column; The sixth winding includes an eleventh coil and a twelfth coil; the eleventh coil is wound around the fourth magnetic column, and the twelfth coil is wound around the fifth magnetic column.

26. The transformer according to claim 25, wherein, the first coil and the second coil are wound in the same direction, the seventh coil and the eighth coil are wound in the same direction, and the first coil and the seventh coil are wound in opposite directions; or, the first coil and the second coil are wound in opposite directions, the seventh coil and the eighth coil are wound in opposite directions, and the first coil and the seventh coil are wound in opposite directions; or, the first coil and the second coil are wound in the same direction, the seventh coil and the eighth coil are wound in opposite directions, and the first coil and the seventh coil are wound in opposite directions.

27. The transformer according to claim 21, wherein, the magnetic core further includes a third magnetic column, and the third magnetic column is located between the first magnetic column and the second magnetic column; the magnetic core further includes a base, and the first magnetic column, the second magnetic column, and the third magnetic column are arranged on the same side of the base; the third winding includes a fifth coil and a sixth coil; the fifth coil is located between the first magnetic column and the third magnetic column and is buckled on the base; the sixth coil is located between the second magnetic column and the third magnetic column and is buckled on the base.

28. A circuit board assembly, wherein, comprising: a circuit board; a voltage regulation circuit; the voltage regulation circuit includes the voltage regulation circuit according to any one of claims 15-20, and the voltage regulation circuit is arranged on the circuit board; or, a transformer; the transformer includes the transformer according to any one of claims 21-27; the first magnetic column and the second magnetic column in the transformer penetrate the circuit board along the thickness direction of the circuit board, and the first winding, the second winding, and the third winding in the transformer are integrated in the circuit board.

29. A server, wherein, comprising a circuit board assembly and a processor, and the processor is arranged on the circuit board assembly; the circuit board assembly includes the circuit board assembly according to claim 28.

Images