Industrial acid mist treatment device and process

Abstract

The invention discloses an industrial acid mist treatment device and process, and relates to the technical field of environmental protection, the industrial acid mist treatment device comprises an acid mist treatment unit and a self-cleaning unit, the acid mist treatment unit comprises an acid mist treatment cylinder, the top of the acid mist treatment cylinder is fixedly communicated with an acid mist input pipe, and the bottom of the acid mist treatment cylinder is fixedly communicated with a discharge pipe; and a bearing is fixedly mounted in the acid mist input pipe. Firstly, acid mist is input into an acid mist treatment barrel through an acid mist input pipe, then an alkaline reaction solution is input into a rotating pipe and a spray head through an alkaline solvent input pipe, a motor drives a gear set and the rotating pipe to rotate, and therefore the spray head is driven to rotate at a high speed, and the solution in the spray head is thrown out of a hole; through centrifugal force and hydraulic pressure during input, an alkaline reaction solution is more uniformly input into the acid mist treatment barrel, meanwhile, the alkaline reaction solution with higher concentration can be input into the acid mist treatment barrel by utilizing assistance of the centrifugal force, and the application range is widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental protection technology, and in particular to an industrial acid mist treatment device and process. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of industrial waste gas treatment, the emission of acidic gases (such as sulfuric acid mist and hydrochloric acid mist) is a significant factor contributing to environmental pollution and equipment corrosion. To effectively address this issue, spray tower purification technology has been widely adopted. Its core process involves spraying an alkaline absorbent inside the tower, allowing it to fully contact and neutralize the rising acidic mist, thereby converting harmful acidic substances into harmless salts. This ultimately achieves emission standards and significantly reduces atmospheric pollution.

[0003] However, traditional spray towers still have significant shortcomings in actual operation. On the one hand, the commonly used ordinary nozzles are prone to producing large and unevenly distributed droplets, resulting in limited spray coverage and creating blind spots within the tower. This not only causes some acid mist to escape without effectively contacting the absorbent, reducing overall purification efficiency, but also wastes chemical agents. On the other hand, during spraying, some liquid adheres to the tower wall and gradually evaporates, carrying solutes and impurities that form stubborn scale. These deposits are not only difficult to clean and may become new sources of pollution, but they also exacerbate equipment corrosion and increase system operating resistance.

[0004] Therefore, the bottlenecks of existing technologies mainly lie in the inadequacy of reaction efficiency and self-cleaning ability. Developing a new type of spray system that can produce a broader spectrum and more uniform atomization effect, while also having the function of self-cleaning the inner wall of the tower, is of urgent industrial demand and technical value for improving acid mist treatment efficiency, reducing maintenance costs, and achieving long-term stable operation of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention discloses an industrial acid mist treatment device and process, aiming to solve the technical problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An industrial acid mist treatment device includes an acid mist treatment unit and a self-cleaning unit. The acid mist treatment unit includes a vertically arranged acid mist treatment cylinder. The top side wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder is fixedly connected to an acid mist input pipe for introducing waste gas, and its bottom converges and is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe for discharging waste liquid. A rotating tube extends axially along the acid mist treatment cylinder and is disposed in its internal central region. The top end of the rotating tube rotatably penetrates the side wall of the acid mist input pipe via a bearing and is fluidly connected to an axially fixed alkaline solvent input pipe. Its bottom end extends downward and is fixedly connected to a nozzle located inside the acid mist treatment cylinder. The outer surface of the rotating tube... A driven gear is fixedly installed on the wall, which meshes with a driving gear driven by a motor, forming a drive mechanism that drives the rotating tube and nozzle to rotate around their own axis; the self-cleaning unit includes an annular cleaning brush arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder, and the cleaning brush is connected to a planetary gear mechanism located at the top of the acid mist treatment cylinder through a ring fixed on one side and an upwardly extending connecting rod; the central input component of the planetary gear mechanism rotates synchronously with the rotating tube, so that the rotational motion of the rotating tube can be converted into the circumferential cleaning motion of the cleaning brush along the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder through the planetary gear mechanism.

[0007] This invention achieves comprehensive optimization of the acid mist treatment process by integrating the rotary spray system with a self-cleaning mechanism. The centrifugal force generated by the rotating nozzles causes the alkaline solvent to form a uniform and fine mist area, significantly increasing the gas-liquid contact area and making the acid mist neutralization reaction more complete and thorough, thus significantly improving treatment efficiency. At the same time, the innovative power transmission design allows a single motor to drive both the spray system and the cleaning device simultaneously, which not only reduces equipment manufacturing costs but also enables real-time self-cleaning during the treatment process. This collaborative working mechanism effectively avoids the efficiency decline problem caused by dirt accumulation in traditional equipment, ensuring that the equipment can maintain optimal working condition for a long time and greatly extending the service life of the equipment.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, in the drive mechanism, the driven gear fixed to the outer wall of the rotating tube and the driving gear fixed to the output shaft of the motor together form a pair of meshing bevel gears. The alkaline solvent input tube is fixedly connected to the inner or outer wall of the acid mist input tube via a fixed bracket extending radially from its outer wall, thereby achieving spatial fixation. The bevel gear transmission mechanism features high transmission accuracy and strong load-bearing capacity, ensuring long-term stable operation in corrosive environments. Its compact structural design effectively saves installation space while providing sufficient torque transmission capacity. The optimized design of the fixed bracket not only solves the pipeline vibration problem but also reduces fatigue damage at the connection points through reasonable stress distribution, enabling the equipment to maintain stable performance under long-term vibration conditions. This design is particularly suitable for industrial environments requiring continuous operation, significantly improving the reliability of the equipment.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the motor is fixedly mounted on a mounting bracket, which is directly fixed to the outer surface of the top wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder or the wall of the acid mist input pipe, so that the motor and its output drive gear are located in the external space of the acid mist treatment cylinder. This external motor design fundamentally solves the problem of motor damage caused by corrosive environments. This design completely isolates the motor from the high-temperature, high-humidity corrosive gas environment, which is expected to extend the motor's service life. At the same time, the external design greatly facilitates daily maintenance and repair of the motor, allowing routine maintenance to be completed without stopping the machine, significantly reducing equipment maintenance time. Furthermore, this layout optimizes the utilization of internal space, providing more reasonable installation positions for other key components.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the section of the alkaline solvent inlet pipe extending into the top of the rotating tube has a rotating sealing ring fitted between its outer wall and the inner wall of the rotating tube. The inner and outer rings of this sealing ring form an interference fit with the outer wall of the alkaline solvent inlet pipe and the inner wall of the rotating tube, respectively, constituting the rotating sealing structure. This rotating sealing structure employs a multi-stage sealing principle, maintaining excellent sealing performance even under dynamic operating conditions. Its special interference fit design ensures sealing reliability under pressure fluctuations, effectively preventing media leakage. The optimized design minimizes frictional resistance while ensuring sealing effectiveness, allowing the rotating tube to operate smoothly. Testing shows that this sealing structure maintains a good sealing condition even after 1000 hours of continuous operation, significantly reducing equipment maintenance frequency.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a rotary sealing structure is provided at the connection between the alkaline solvent inlet pipe and the rotary pipe. This structure includes a sealing ring fitted onto the outer wall of the alkaline solvent inlet pipe, and the sealing ring is fixedly embedded inside the top end of the rotary pipe. This embedded sealing ring design enables modular installation of the sealing element, greatly simplifying assembly and maintenance processes. The design employs a split structure, allowing direct replacement of the sealing element after the sealing ring wears without replacing the entire component, significantly reducing maintenance costs. The unique embedding method ensures that the sealing ring self-tightens under operating pressure; the sealing effect becomes even more significant as the system pressure increases. This design is particularly suitable for industrial scenarios requiring frequent maintenance.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the bristles of the cleaning brush are in close contact with the curved inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder; the bottom of the acid mist treatment cylinder is an inclined collection tray structure, and the discharge pipe is located at the lowest point of the collection tray. This embodiment ensures thorough cleaning without blind spots through the close-fitting cleaning brush design. Combined with bristles made of special materials, it effectively removes stubborn dirt without damaging the inner wall of the cylinder. The inclined collection tray structure is designed based on fluid dynamics principles, allowing waste liquid to quickly collect and discharge along the optimal path, avoiding the formation of accumulation areas and effectively preventing secondary pollution and bacterial growth.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the transmission mechanism includes a circular ring fixedly connected to the cleaning brush, the circular ring being connected to a rotating ring via a connecting rod; the rotating ring is rotatably mounted on the bottom of a sealed outer cylinder fixed to the top of the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder via bearings; a planetary drive gear is fixed on the rotating ring, a planetary driven gear meshes within the planetary drive gear, and a planetary gear outer rail fixed to the top of the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder meshes with the planetary drive gear. Here, the planetary gear transmission mechanism, through precise tooth profile design, achieves efficient conversion of motion modes. This mechanism can decompose the input single-axis rotational motion into a composite motion of the cleaning brush's revolution and rotation, causing the cleaning brush to form a spiral propulsion trajectory on the cylinder wall surface, improving cleaning coverage. Optimized gear parameters ensure smooth transmission, low noise, and high load-bearing capacity. This design significantly improves cleaning efficiency compared to traditional linear cleaning methods.

[0014] This invention also describes an acid mist treatment process using the above-mentioned industrial acid mist treatment device, comprising the following steps: S1. System Start-up: Turn on the motor and alkaline solvent delivery pump to make the rotary tube and nozzle start rotating, and at the same time pump the alkaline absorption liquid of the predetermined concentration into the system through the alkaline solvent input pipe. S2, Gas-liquid reaction: The waste gas containing acid mist is introduced into the acid mist treatment cylinder through the acid mist input pipe, and is fully mixed and neutralized with the atomized alkaline droplets sprayed from the rotating nozzle; S3, Self-cleaning linkage: The rotation of the nozzle drives the transmission mechanism to move, which in turn drives the cleaning brush to perform a combined revolution and rotation along the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder, scraping off the deposits attached to the inner wall in real time. S4. Product Discharge: The waste liquid generated after the neutralization reaction and the dirt cleaned off fall down the cylinder wall to the bottom under the action of gravity, and are finally discharged through the discharge pipe.

[0015] This solution maximizes treatment effectiveness by scientifically arranging the execution sequence and parameter coordination of each process. The systematic operation process ensures that each treatment link operates under optimal conditions, maintaining a stable acid mist removal rate. The organic combination of the self-cleaning process and the treatment process enables simultaneous production and maintenance, avoiding the drawbacks of traditional processes that require shutdown for cleaning, thus improving equipment utilization. This process also has strong adaptability, as it can adapt to different treatment loads by adjusting process parameters.

[0016] To optimize the aforementioned acid mist treatment process, in the gas-liquid reaction step, the rotational speed of the nozzle is controlled within the range of 50-300 rpm by adjusting the motor speed, thereby adjusting the atomization effect of the alkaline solvent and its coverage area within the acid mist treatment chamber. In this solution, the precise speed control technology enables the equipment to automatically adjust operating parameters based on real-time inlet gas concentration, achieving intelligent operation. By establishing a correlation model between speed and atomization effect, precise control of reagent dosage can be achieved while ensuring treatment effectiveness, saving reagent consumption. This adaptive adjustment capability allows the equipment to quickly respond to changes in operating conditions, always maintaining optimal treatment status, while significantly reducing the workload of manual adjustments.

[0017] To optimize the aforementioned acid mist treatment process, in the self-cleaning linkage step, the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism is set such that the cleaning brush completes one cleaning of the entire inner circumference of the acid mist treatment cylinder for every 10-15 rotations of the nozzle. Furthermore, the process includes a periodic maintenance step: periodically adding a specific concentration of scale inhibitor to the alkaline absorption solution to synergistically enhance the scale prevention and removal effects of the self-cleaning unit. This solution, through optimized transmission ratio design, achieves a perfect match between the cleaning cycle and the equipment operating load, ensuring cleaning effectiveness while avoiding energy waste caused by over-cleaning. The synergistic use of scale inhibitors constructs a dual protection mechanism of "mechanical cleaning + chemical protection," which can inhibit the formation of dirt from the source and significantly reduce operating costs.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Firstly, in the gas-liquid reaction stage, the device of this invention employs dynamic rotating spray technology, breaking through the limitations of traditional fixed spraying. When the motor drives the rotating tube and nozzle to rotate at high speed, the alkaline absorbent liquid is broken into extremely fine and uniform mist droplets under the synergistic effect of strong centrifugal force and inlet hydraulic force, thus forming a reaction curtain with a wider coverage and denser distribution within the acid mist treatment cylinder. This increases the contact area between the gas and liquid phases, making the neutralization reaction more rapid and thorough, significantly improving the single-pass treatment efficiency. Furthermore, the centrifugal atomization method is more adaptable to the viscosity and concentration of the liquid, enabling the device to handle higher concentrations of alkaline absorbent liquid and even suspensions, broadening its application range in treating acid mist waste gases of different properties.

[0019] Secondly, regarding self-cleaning, the device of this invention cleverly utilizes the same power source, transforming the rotational motion of the main shaft into the compound motion of the cleaning brush through a precise planetary gear mechanism. When the rotating tube rotates, it drives the planetary driven gears, which in turn drive the three planetary driving gears to both rotate and revolve within a fixed internal gear ring (the outer rail of the planetary gears). This "planetary" motion mode has natural speed reduction and torque amplification characteristics, allowing the cleaning brush to perform a spiral-propelled scrubbing motion against the inner wall of the cylinder at a more suitable torque and speed than the nozzle rotation speed. This process is fully automatic, requiring no additional power, and can effectively and instantly scrape away reaction crystals and stubborn dirt adhering to the wall surface during operation. This fundamentally avoids equipment performance degradation and flow channel blockage caused by scaling, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0020] Finally, from the perspective of the overall process approach, this design seamlessly integrates two major functions—high-efficiency "centrifugal atomization reaction" and real-time "automatic mechanical cleaning"—into a continuous process flow, forming a unique advantage of synergistic efficiency. This process is not a simple functional aggregation, but rather achieves synchronized "treatment as cleaning" through mechanical linkage. This allows the equipment to perform self-maintenance while purifying waste gas, eliminating the need for periodic cleaning that would interrupt production. This not only significantly reduces production efficiency losses and labor costs caused by downtime for cleaning, but also ensures the continuity of mass transfer efficiency and treatment effect by keeping the inner wall of the treatment cylinder consistently clean. Therefore, it provides users with a long-lasting acid mist treatment solution that integrates high efficiency, high adaptability, and low maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view of the industrial acid mist treatment device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the industrial acid mist treatment device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the self-cleaning unit in the present invention; Figure 4for Figure 3 A structural diagram from the bottom view; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating tube and its supporting facilities in this invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the process method in this invention.

[0022] In the attached diagram: 100, acid mist treatment unit; 200, self-cleaning unit; 101, acid mist treatment cylinder; 102, acid mist input pipe; 103, discharge pipe; 104, alkaline solvent input pipe; 105, rotating pipe; 106, gear set; 107, motor; 108, nozzle; 109, bearing; 110, fixed bracket; 201, cleaning brush; 202, ring; 203, planetary drive gear; 204, planetary driven gear; 205, planetary gear outer rail; 206, sealing outer cylinder; 207, rotating ring; 208, connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0024] like Figures 1-6 As shown, an industrial acid mist treatment device of the present invention includes an acid mist treatment unit 100 and a self-cleaning unit 200; the acid mist treatment unit 101 includes an acid mist treatment cylinder 101, an acid mist input pipe 102 is fixedly connected to the top of the acid mist treatment cylinder 101, and an acid mist output device is connected through the acid mist input pipe 102; an exhaust pipe 103 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the acid mist treatment cylinder 101, and a solvent waste liquid collection device after acid mist treatment is connected through the exhaust pipe 103; a bearing 1 is fixedly installed inside the acid mist input pipe 102. 09. The bearing 109 can reduce the friction between the acid mist treatment cylinder 101 and the rotating tube 105. The rotating tube 105 is fixedly installed inside the bearing 109. An alkaline solvent input pipe 104 is rotatably installed on the top of the rotating tube 105. A fixed bracket 110 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the alkaline solvent input pipe 104. A gear set 106 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating tube 105. A motor 107 is provided on the top of the gear set 106. A nozzle 108 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating tube 105. The nozzle 108 sprays out the alkaline solvent.

[0025] The self-cleaning unit 200 includes a cleaning brush 201. A ring 202 is fixedly installed on one side of the cleaning brush 201. The cleaning brush 201 brushes the inside of the acid mist treatment cylinder 101 to achieve automatic cleaning. A connecting rod 208 is fixedly installed on the top of the ring 202. A planetary drive gear 203 is rotatably installed on the top of the connecting rod 208. A planetary driven gear 204 is meshed with the inner circumference of the planetary drive gear 203. A planetary gear outer rail 205 is meshed with the outer wall of the planetary drive gear 203. The gear 203, planetary driven gear 204, and planetary gear outer rail 205 work together to act as a speed reducer, reducing the rotational speed of the cleaning brush 201 while increasing the torque of the cleaning brush 201. This allows the motor 107 to simultaneously meet the high-speed rotation of the nozzle 108 and the low-speed rotation of the cleaning brush 201. A sealing outer cylinder 206 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder 101, and a rotating ring 207 is rotatably installed on the bottom of the sealing outer cylinder 206. The connecting rod 208 is fixedly installed inside the rotating ring 207.

[0026] In this invention, acid mist is first introduced into the acid mist treatment cylinder 101 through the acid mist input pipe 102. Then, the alkaline reaction solution is introduced into the rotating tube 105 and the nozzle 108 through the alkaline solvent input pipe 104. The motor 107 drives the gear set 106 and the rotating tube 105 to rotate, thereby driving the nozzle 108 to rotate at high speed, throwing the solution inside the nozzle 108 out of the hole. Through centrifugal force and the hydraulic pressure during input, the alkaline reaction solution is introduced into the acid mist treatment cylinder 101 more evenly. At the same time, with the assistance of centrifugal force, a higher concentration of alkaline reaction solution can be introduced into the acid mist treatment cylinder 101, thus improving the applicability.

[0027] The gear set 106 consists of two meshing gears. One gear is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating tube 105, and the other gear is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor 107. The gear set 106 transmits power to the motor 107. The bottom of the gear mounted on the motor 107 is rotatably mounted to the acid mist treatment cylinder 101. A mounting post is fixedly mounted on one side of the motor 107, and the mounting post is fixedly mounted above the acid mist treatment cylinder 101. The mounting post stabilizes the position of the motor 107 and prevents the motor 107 from rotating during operation.

[0028] In this invention, a sealing ring is rotatably fitted onto the outer wall of the alkaline solvent input pipe 104. The sealing ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rotating pipe 105, preventing leakage of alkaline solvent inside the alkaline solvent input pipe 104. The cleaning brush 201 is fitted onto the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder 101. A sloping plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the acid mist treatment cylinder 101, and the discharge pipe 103 passes through the sloping plate and is fixedly installed at the bottom of the acid mist treatment cylinder 101. The sloping plate facilitates the discharge of the reacted wastewater. A cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the planetary gear outer rail 205, which is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder 101. The cylinder of the planetary gear outer rail 205 fixes the planetary gear outer rail 205, preventing it from rotating.

[0029] In this invention, there are three planetary driving gears 203. The three planetary driving gears 203 are evenly distributed in a circle around the outer periphery of the planetary driven gear 204. All three planetary driving gears 203 are meshed with the planetary driven gear 204. The three planetary driving gears 203 mesh together with the inner periphery of the outer rail 205 of the planetary gear. Here, the deceleration effect is achieved through the planetary driving gears 203, the planetary driven gear 204 and the outer rail 205 of the planetary gear.

[0030] Working principle of the industrial acid mist treatment device of this invention: When the device starts up, industrial waste gas rich in acid mist is introduced into the acid mist treatment cylinder 101 through the acid mist inlet pipe 102. Simultaneously, an alkaline absorbent of a predetermined concentration, under pump pressure, flows through a fixed alkaline solvent inlet pipe 104 into a sealed rotating pipe 105. The motor 107 is started, transmitting power to the rotating pipe 105 via a gear set 106 composed of a pair of bevel gears, causing the nozzle 108 at the end to rotate at high speed. During this process, when the alkaline liquid flows to the nozzle 108, it is subjected to the combined action of two forces: axial hydraulic pressure provided by the inlet pump and strong centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation. Under this dual action, the liquid is efficiently ejected from the nozzle's orifice, forming a wide-coverage alkaline atomized zone with fine and uniformly distributed droplets. This atomized curtain allows for comprehensive and thorough mixing and contact with the acid mist waste gas flowing in from above or horizontally, instantly completing the neutralization reaction and converting harmful acidic substances into harmless salts. The most crucial aspect of this design is that the centrifugal atomization method is insensitive to the physical properties of the liquid (such as viscosity and concentration), enabling the device to handle higher concentrations of alkaline solutions and even suspensions, significantly broadening its applicability for treating acid mist exhaust gases under different operating conditions. The innovation of this device lies in its self-cleaning function, which is not an independent system but intelligently linked with the spray system. When the rotating tube 105 rotates under the drive of the motor, it simultaneously acts as the power input shaft for the self-cleaning unit, directly driving the planetary driven gear 204 located at the top of the system to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the planetary driven gear 204, in turn, drives the three planetary driving gears 203 meshing with it to produce motion. Since the periphery of the planetary driving gear 203 simultaneously meshes with the planetary gear outer rail 205 fixedly installed inside the cylinder, this structure forces the planetary driving gear 203 to revolve around the central axis of the planetary driven gear 204 while rotating on its own axis. This ingenious planetary gear mechanism naturally constitutes a transmission system with a speed reduction and torque amplification effect. The revolution motion is transmitted to the lower ring 202 via the connecting rod 208, ultimately driving the cleaning brush 201 fixed to the ring. The cleaning brush 201 then uses a composite motion trajectory—a revolution around the axis of the treatment cylinder combined with its own slow rotation—to closely adhere to the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder 101, performing a spiral scrubbing motion. This process is fully automated, effectively removing crystals, dust, and other deposits adhering to the inner wall during the reaction process without stopping the machine or interrupting waste gas treatment. This fundamentally prevents problems such as flow channel blockage and decreased heat and mass transfer efficiency caused by scale buildup, ensuring long-term stable operation and sustained treatment efficiency of the equipment.The waste liquid generated by the neutralization reaction, the captured particulate matter, and the dirt scraped off by the cleaning brush fall down the cylinder wall under the action of gravity. Thanks to the inclined liquid collection plate structure adopted at the bottom of the acid mist treatment cylinder 101, all these substances are efficiently guided to the discharge pipe 103 at the lowest point and finally discharged into the unified system for subsequent treatment, completing the entire process from waste gas purification to waste collection.

[0031] See Figures 1-7 This invention also introduces an acid mist treatment process using the aforementioned industrial acid mist treatment device. This process achieves a simultaneous improvement in acid mist treatment efficiency and equipment stability through the synergistic effect of dynamic spraying and self-cleaning. Specifically, it includes the following steps: First, during the system startup phase, the motor 107 and the alkaline solvent delivery pump are started simultaneously. The motor 107 drives the rotary tube 105 through the gear set 106, which in turn drives the nozzle 108 to start rotating. At the same time, the alkaline absorbent of a predetermined concentration is continuously pumped into the system through the alkaline solvent input pipe 104. This synchronous startup mechanism ensures that an effective treatment environment is immediately formed when the equipment starts treating waste gas.

[0032] In the gas-liquid reaction stage, the waste gas containing acid mist is introduced into the acid mist treatment cylinder 101 through the acid mist input pipe 102, where it is thoroughly mixed with atomized alkaline droplets sprayed from the high-speed rotating nozzle 108. By precisely adjusting the rotation speed of the motor 107, the rotation speed of the nozzle 108 is controlled within the range of 50-300 rpm, achieving the best atomization effect and coverage. Lower rotation speeds are suitable for treatment scenarios requiring larger droplet sizes, while higher rotation speeds produce a finer atomization effect, significantly increasing the gas-liquid contact area and ensuring sufficient reaction between the acid mist and alkaline droplets.

[0033] During the self-cleaning linkage phase, the rotation of the nozzle 108 drives the cleaning brush 201 to perform compound motion along the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder 101 through the transmission mechanism. By setting the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism to allow the cleaning brush 201 to complete one cleaning of the entire inner circumference of the cylinder every 10-15 rotations of the nozzle 108, the cleaning cycle and the treatment load are precisely matched. At the same time, the process also includes a periodic maintenance step, in which a specific concentration of scale inhibitor is added to the alkaline absorption liquid to form a synergistic effect with mechanical cleaning, inhibiting and removing dirt deposits from both chemical and mechanical levels.

[0034] During the product discharge stage, the waste liquid generated after the neutralization reaction and the dirt scraped off during the cleaning process fall along the cylinder wall to the inclined collection tray at the bottom under the action of gravity, and are finally discharged through the discharge pipe 103 located at the lowest point. This design ensures the timely removal of reaction products and avoids secondary pollution and equipment blockage.

[0035] The innovation of this invention lies in the organic integration of the treatment process with equipment maintenance. Through precise parameter control and intelligent mechanical linkage, it achieves simultaneous completion of waste gas treatment and equipment self-cleaning without stopping the machine, which significantly improves the continuous operation time and treatment efficiency of the equipment, while reducing maintenance costs and the need for manual intervention.

[0036] Example 1: This embodiment demonstrates a typical application of the device in a conventional industrial environment. The device is configured as follows: the acid mist treatment cylinder 101 is made of PP material, with a diameter of 800 mm and a height of 2500 mm; the rotation speed of the nozzle 108 is set to 150 rpm; and the alkaline absorption liquid is an 8% sodium hydroxide solution by mass.

[0037] The process flow is as follows: System Start-up and Parameter Setting: The motor 107 and alkaline solvent delivery pump are started. The motor drives the rotating tube 105 via the bevel gear set 106, which in turn drives the nozzle 108 to rotate stably at 150 rpm. Simultaneously, an 8% sodium hydroxide solution is pumped into the alkaline solvent input pipe 104 and delivered to the nozzle via the rotating tube 105. At this speed, the alkaline solution forms a dense mist with wide coverage and uniform particle size under the combined action of centrifugal force and hydraulic force. Hydrochloric acid mist (approximately 3% concentration) from the pickling process is introduced into the treatment cylinder through the acid mist input pipe 102. As the acid mist rises within the cylinder, it comes into full contact with the alkaline droplets distributed from top to bottom, undergoing a highly efficient neutralization reaction to produce sodium chloride and water. Under this condition, the 150 rpm speed achieves an optimal balance between treatment efficiency and energy consumption, with the acid mist removal rate consistently above 98%. As the nozzle rotates, the planetary gear mechanism begins operation, with a transmission ratio set to 12:1. This means that for every 12 rotations of the nozzle, the cleaning brush 201 completes one cleaning of the entire inner wall circumference. The cleaning brush 201 uses a combined revolution and rotation motion to scrape away any small amounts of salt crystals that may form on the inner wall in real time. The waste liquid generated by the reaction, along with the scraped-off dirt, falls down the wall and is collected by the inclined collection tray at the bottom, ultimately being continuously discharged from the system through the discharge pipe 103. This embodiment achieves over 720 hours of continuous and stable operation without requiring system shutdown.

[0038] Example 2: This embodiment addresses the harsh operating conditions of large fluctuations in exhaust gas concentration and the tendency to generate stubborn fouling. Adaptive adjustments were made to the device: the rotation speed of nozzle 108 was increased to 250 rpm; the alkaline absorbent was replaced with a 15% lime slurry suspension; and a chemical scale inhibition synergistic scheme was implemented.

[0039] The process flow is as follows: The motor 107 is started, increasing the speed of the nozzle 108 to 250 rpm. The stronger centrifugal force generated by this high-speed rotation is sufficient to effectively atomize the lime slurry suspension with higher viscosity and concentration. Simultaneously, 1.5% of a special scale inhibitor is added to the lime slurry, forming a dual scale prevention strategy combining mechanical and chemical methods. Exhaust gas containing a high concentration of sulfuric acid mist (peak concentration up to 5%) is introduced into the treatment cylinder. The high-speed rotating nozzle 108 atomizes the lime slurry into droplets with greater impact and coverage, ensuring rapid and complete neutralization with the high-concentration acid mist to generate calcium sulfate. The larger coverage area resulting from the high speed effectively copes with fluctuations in exhaust gas concentration, ensuring that the outlet exhaust gas always meets standards. Since the reaction byproduct calcium sulfate (gypsum) easily forms scale on the wall surface, the self-cleaning unit plays a crucial role. The transmission mechanism operates at a 10:1 transmission ratio (the cleaning brush completes one circumferential cleaning cycle for every 10 revolutions of the nozzle), increasing the cleaning frequency. With the synergistic effect of the scale inhibitor (which alters the physical properties of the scale, making it more porous and easier to remove), the cleaning brush 201 effectively prevents the formation and accumulation of calcium sulfate scale, and efficiently discharges the waste liquid and solid particles after the reaction. Under this enhanced mode, the unit successfully withstood high-load challenges and extended the planned shutdown cleaning cycle from once a week to once every two months, significantly improving equipment utilization and economic efficiency.

[0040] In summary, this invention provides an integrated and automated industrial acid mist treatment solution, combining high-efficiency spraying with real-time self-cleaning through innovative structural design. The core of this invention lies in utilizing a single power source to synchronously drive a rotary spray system and a planetary gear cleaning mechanism, achieving coordinated gas-liquid reaction and equipment maintenance. The rotating nozzles, under centrifugal force, form a uniform and fine alkaline atomization zone, improving the efficiency and stability of the neutralization reaction. Simultaneously, the ingenious planetary transmission mechanism transforms the rotation of the main shaft into the compound motion of the cleaning brushes, achieving fully automated cleaning of the inner wall of the treatment cylinder. The entire process in this invention can adapt to the treatment needs of acid mist of different concentrations and properties by dynamically adjusting operating parameters, maintaining high efficiency throughout continuous operation. This invention fundamentally solves the problems of insufficient reaction and easy scaling in traditional spray towers, significantly improving treatment efficiency, reducing maintenance costs, and providing reliable and long-term technical support for industrial waste gas treatment.

[0041] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Substitutions may include replacements of some structures, devices, or method steps, or may be complete technical solutions. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An industrial acid mist treatment device, comprising an acid mist treatment unit (100) and a self-cleaning unit (200), characterized in that, The acid mist treatment unit (100) includes a vertically arranged acid mist treatment cylinder (101). The top side wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder (101) is fixedly connected to an acid mist input pipe (102) for introducing waste gas, and its bottom converges and is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe (103) for discharging waste liquid. A rotating pipe (105) extends along the axial direction of the acid mist treatment cylinder (101) and is arranged in its internal central region. The top end of the rotating pipe (105) is rotatably penetrated by a bearing (109). The side wall of the acid mist input pipe (102) is connected in fluid communication with an axially fixed alkaline solvent input pipe (104), and its bottom end extends downward and is fixedly connected to a nozzle (108) located in the acid mist treatment cylinder (101); a driven gear is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the rotating pipe (105), which meshes with a driving gear driven by a motor (107) to form a driving mechanism that drives the rotating pipe (105) and the nozzle (108) to rotate around their own axis; The self-cleaning unit (200) includes an annular cleaning brush (201) arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder (101). The cleaning brush (201) is connected to a planetary gear mechanism located at the top of the acid mist treatment cylinder (101) via a ring (202) fixed on one side and an upwardly extending connecting rod (208). The central input component of the planetary gear mechanism rotates synchronously with the rotating tube (105), so that the rotational motion of the rotating tube (105) can be converted into the circumferential cleaning motion of the cleaning brush (201) along the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder (101) through the planetary gear mechanism.

2. The industrial acid mist treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the drive mechanism, the driven gear fixed to the outer wall of the rotating tube (105) and the driving gear fixed to the output shaft of the motor (107) together form a pair of meshing bevel gear sets (106); the alkaline solvent input tube (104) is fixedly connected to the inner or outer wall of the acid mist input tube (102) through a fixed bracket (110) extending radially from its outer wall, so as to achieve its spatial fixation.

3. The industrial acid mist treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The motor (107) is fixedly mounted on a mounting bracket, which is directly fixed to the outer surface of the top wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder (101) or the pipe wall of the acid mist input pipe (102), so that the motor (107) and its output drive gear are located in the external space of the acid mist treatment cylinder (101).

4. The industrial acid mist treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The section of the alkaline solvent input pipe (104) that extends into the top of the rotating pipe (105) has a rotating sealing ring fitted between its outer wall and the inner wall of the rotating pipe (105). The inner and outer rings of the sealing ring form an interference fit with the outer wall of the alkaline solvent input pipe (104) and the inner wall of the rotating pipe (105), respectively, thus forming the rotating sealing structure.

5. The industrial acid mist treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotary sealing structure is provided at the connection between the alkaline solvent input pipe (104) and the rotary pipe (105). The structure includes a sealing ring sleeved on the outer wall of the alkaline solvent input pipe (104) and the sealing ring is fixedly embedded in the inside of the top end of the rotary pipe (105).

6. The industrial acid mist treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bristles of the cleaning brush (201) are in close contact with the inner curved surface of the acid mist treatment cylinder (101); the bottom of the acid mist treatment cylinder (101) is an inclined collection tray structure, and the discharge pipe (103) is located at the lowest point of the collection tray.

7. The industrial acid mist treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism includes a ring (202) fixedly connected to the cleaning brush (201), the ring (202) being connected to a rotating ring (207) via a connecting rod (208); the rotating ring (207) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of a sealed outer cylinder (206) fixed to the top of the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder (101) via a bearing; a planetary drive gear (203) is fixed on the rotating ring (207), a planetary driven gear (204) meshes inside the planetary drive gear (203), and a planetary gear outer rail (205) fixed to the top of the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder (101) meshes outside the planetary drive gear (203).

8. An acid mist treatment process using the industrial acid mist treatment device as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. System Start-up: Turn on the motor (107) and alkaline solvent delivery pump to make the rotary tube (105) and nozzle (108) start to rotate, and at the same time pump the alkaline absorption liquid of the predetermined concentration into the system through the alkaline solvent input tube (104); S2, gas-liquid reaction: the waste gas containing acid mist is introduced into the acid mist treatment cylinder (101) through the acid mist input pipe (102) and is fully mixed and neutralized with the atomized alkaline droplets sprayed from the rotating nozzle (108); S3, self-cleaning linkage: the rotation of the nozzle (108) drives the transmission mechanism to move, which in turn drives the cleaning brush (201) to perform a compound motion of revolution and rotation along the inner wall of the acid mist treatment cylinder (101) to scrape off the deposits attached to the inner wall in real time. S4. Product discharge: The waste liquid generated after the neutralization reaction and the dirt after cleaning fall down the cylinder wall to the bottom under the action of gravity, and are finally discharged through the discharge pipe (103).

9. The acid mist treatment process according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2, by adjusting the rotation speed of the motor (107), the rotation speed of the nozzle (108) is controlled within the range of 50-300 rpm, thereby adjusting the atomization effect of the alkaline solvent and its coverage within the acid mist treatment cylinder (101).

10. The acid mist treatment process according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S3, the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism is set such that for every 10-15 revolutions of the nozzle (108), the cleaning brush (201) completes one cleaning of the entire inner circumference of the acid mist treatment cylinder (101); and the process also includes a periodic maintenance step: periodically adding a specific concentration of scale inhibitor to the alkaline absorption liquid to synergistically enhance the scale prevention and removal effect of the self-cleaning unit (200).

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