Electromagnetic tensioner based on Ampere force principle

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle. The electromagnetic tensioner comprises a plurality of permanent magnets and at least one electric conductor. The plurality of permanent magnets comprise at least two groups of magnetic pole units, and each group of magnetic pole unit is formed by arranging two permanent magnets symmetrically and oppositely, so that a magnetic gap space with a uniform magnetic field is formed. The electric conductor movably and vertically penetrates through the magnetic gap space, and the movement track of the electric conductor is restrained by the mechanical limiting device so as to ensure that the electric conductor is always located in the magnetic gap space in the working process. The relative relation between the magnetic field direction and the conductor current direction is directionally designed, so that Lorentz force vectors generated by the electric conductor in a power-on state form a same-direction superimposed effect. By controlling or adjusting the magnitude and direction of the input current, the output force can be adjusted very accurately, sensitively and quickly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of tension control equipment, specifically relating to an electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of continuous material winding processing such as metal wire, yarn, and optical fiber, precision manufacturing processes place higher demands on the dynamic control performance of the roll transport system. Especially when materials travel at high speeds on winding machines, production equipment, or processing systems, the coordinated control of transport speed and tension must be maintained within strict tolerances. This imposes even more stringent technical requirements on the dynamic response characteristics and control precision of the speed adjustment mechanism and tension compensation device (commonly known in the industry as the "floating roller system") of the transport system.

[0003] Traditional floating roller systems typically employ the synergistic effect of a movable roller and elastic elements to apply dynamic reaction forces to the running material. For example, invention patent application CN 113291926 A discloses a constant tension feeding and unloading control system and method for an automatic carbon fiber layup machine, where a gravity counterweight is used as the source of tension compensation force. However, this approach has significant technical limitations: the mass inertia effect of the counterweight severely restricts the system's dynamic response speed. According to classical mechanics models, the system's dynamic response time is positively correlated with the counterweight mass. As the material's linear velocity increases, the phase lag caused by mass inertia will lead to tension fluctuations exceeding the process tolerance range. These problems make it difficult for traditional floating roller systems to simultaneously meet the process requirements of tension control accuracy and dynamic response time under high-speed conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle, thereby solving the problem that traditional floating roller systems struggle to simultaneously meet the process requirements of tension control accuracy and dynamic response time under high-speed operating conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] An electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle includes multiple permanent magnets and at least one electrical conductor disposed between the permanent magnets.

[0007] The plurality of permanent magnets comprises at least two sets of magnetic pole units, each set consisting of two permanent magnets arranged symmetrically opposite each other, forming a magnetic gap space with a uniform magnetic field. An electrical conductor is movably and perpendicularly inserted through this magnetic gap space, its trajectory constrained by a mechanical limiting device to ensure that the conductor remains within the magnetic gap space during operation. By directionally designing the relative relationship between the magnetic field direction and the conductor current direction, the forces generated by the conductor under energized conditions, based on the Ampere force principle, form a superposition effect in the same direction.

[0008] The electrical conductors are interconnected by electrical connections to form a current-carrying coil.

[0009] Furthermore, the electrical connection of the electrical conductor is arranged outside the magnetic gap space.

[0010] According to the aforementioned technical solution, two sets of magnetic pole units are linearly arranged, and the electrical conductors are mechanically coupled to a piston rod that can move in the same direction.

[0011] According to the aforementioned technical solution, the two sets of magnetic pole units are arranged adjacent to each other in a circular pattern, and the electrical conductors are mechanically coupled to the centrally arranged rotating shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the four sets of magnetic pole units are arranged adjacent to each other in a circular pattern, the electrical conductors form four coils, and the electrical conductors are mechanically coupled to the centrally arranged rotating shaft.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0014] 1. This invention employs multiple permanent magnets and at least one electrical conductor. The permanent magnets are arranged in a specific manner to form a uniform magnetic field space between adjacent magnets. The electrical conductor is placed in a plane perpendicular to this uniform magnetic field and its freedom of movement is constrained by a mechanical limiting device, ensuring that the electrical conductor is always within the area of ​​the uniform magnetic field. When current flows through the electrical conductor, a Lorentz force proportional to the current intensity is generated under the action of the magnetic field, thereby achieving precise linear drive of the electrical conductor. Through the vector relationship between the magnetic field and the current, the output force maintains a strict linear correspondence with the input current. Therefore, by controlling or adjusting the magnitude and direction of the input current, the output force can be adjusted very precisely, sensitively, and rapidly.

[0015] 2. This invention uses controllable electromagnetic force as a direct output, eliminating the reliance on traditional displacement feedback. When applied to tension control systems, it can precisely control the electromagnetic force without the need for real-time acquisition of motion trajectory or position information, significantly simplifying the control system architecture.

[0016] 3. The present invention has dynamic adaptability. Regardless of whether the controlled object is in a static or moving state, it can maintain the preset electromagnetic force output characteristics, thereby ensuring the stability of the actual tension value of the material during processing.

[0017] 4. This invention is also compatible with automated control and can be adapted to multiple scenarios through modular design. It can be used for local parameter setting via physical adjustment knobs or for remote force value programming to adapt to different ranges of output force range requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 is a first embodiment of the present invention, which is an overall structural diagram of an electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle for linear motion.

[0020] Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle in Figure 1.

[0021] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle in Figure 1 from another side.

[0022] Figure 4 is a top cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle in Figure 1.

[0023] Figure 5 is the same view as Figure 4, but the current direction is opposite.

[0024] Figure 6 is another embodiment of the present invention, which is an overall structural diagram of an electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle for rotary motion.

[0025] Figure 7 is a variation of the embodiment in Figure 6, with eight permanent magnets.

[0026] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 7.

[0027] Figure 9 is a first exemplary application diagram of the electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle of the present invention for tension control of rotating roll material.

[0028] Figure 10 is a second exemplary application diagram of the electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle of the present invention for tension control of linearly moving roll material.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1, 2, 3, 4 Permanent magnet; 5, 6 Magnetic guide block; 7, 8 Isolation block; 9, 10 Uniform magnetic field; 11. Directional field line; 12, 13 Electrical conductor; 14. Piston rod; 15, 16 End cap; 17. Limiting block; 18, 19 Electrical connection; 20, 21, 23 Output force direction; 22. Rotating shaft; 24. Base plate; 25. Electromagnetic tensioner based on Ampere's force principle; 26. Jumping roller assembly; 27. Fixed roller assembly; 28. Roll material; 29. ​​Roller; 30. Jumping arm. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The first embodiment of the present invention, namely an electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle for linear motion, will now be explained with reference to Figures 1 to 5.

[0032] As shown in Figure 1, permanent magnets 1 and 3 are connected to the magnetically conductive block 5. An isolating block 7 separates permanent magnets 1 and 3, preventing direct contact. Permanent magnets 2 and 4 are arranged parallel to permanent magnets 1 and 3, with the same height, but separated by an air gap. Similarly, permanent magnets 2 and 4 are connected to the magnetically conductive block 6 and separated by an isolating block 8. This generates a uniform closed magnetic field within the air gap, as represented by directional field lines 11 in Figure 4.

[0033] A high uniform magnetic field 9 or 10 exists in the air gap between permanent magnets 1 and 2 or 3 and 4, respectively. An electrical conductor 12 exists in the uniform magnetic field 9, and an electrical conductor 13 exists in the uniform magnetic field 10.

[0034] Preferably, the magnetic blocks 5 and 6 are made of iron.

[0035] Preferably, the spacers 7 and 8 are made of non-magnetic material.

[0036] Preferably, the electrical conductor 13 is made of aluminum or copper.

[0037] Electrical conductors 12 and 13 can each be composed of a single conductor, or as shown in Figure 3, they can be composed of several individual conductors bundled together.

[0038] Electrical conductors 12 and 13 are connected to a limiting block 17, which in turn is connected to a piston rod 14. The piston rod 14 passes axially through end caps 15 and 16. Due to the presence of the limiting block 17, the degree of freedom of the piston rod 14 is restricted, ensuring that electrical conductor 12 can only be located in a uniform magnetic field 9, and electrical conductor 13 can only be located in a uniform magnetic field 10.

[0039] Preferably, the limiting block 17 is made of plastic, carbon fiber or other non-magnetic materials.

[0040] Preferably, end caps 15 and 16 are made of non-magnetic materials, such as plastic or precious metals.

[0041] As shown in Figure 4, based on the current magnetic field distribution (the dot and cross symbols represent the directions of magnetic field lines entering and exiting the paper, respectively) and the current-carrying directions in conductors 12 and 13, the electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle will generate a controllable electromagnetic force in the direction indicated by arrow 20. This specific current-force conversion relationship ensures continuous linear force output throughout the entire operating range. Since the intensity of the Lorentz force is strictly proportional to the excitation current, the amplitude of the force can be precisely controlled by adjusting the current intensity, and the direction of the force can be reversed by changing the current polarity (as shown by arrow 21 in Figure 5).

[0042] The embodiment shown in Figure 1 successfully constructs two uniform magnetic fields 9 and 10 through the symmetrical arrangement of four sets of permanent magnets. In an extended embodiment, multiple uniform magnetic field regions can be formed by increasing the number of permanent magnets. The current-carrying conductors in each magnetic field region will superimpose in the same direction to generate a driving force. This multi-pole topology can effectively improve the maximum output force of the electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle, providing a scalable solution for different operating conditions.

[0043] The second embodiment of the invention, namely an electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle for rotary motion, will now be explained with reference to Figures 6 to 8.

[0044] As shown in Figure 6, permanent magnets 1 and 3 are connected to magnetically conductive block 5. Permanent magnets 2 and 4 are arranged parallel to permanent magnets 1 and 3, with the same height but separated by an air gap. Similarly, permanent magnets 2 and 4 are connected to magnetically conductive block 6, which is not shown in Figure 6 for clarity. Permanent magnets 1, 2, 3, and 4 generate a closed magnetic field through magnetically conductive blocks 5 and 6 and the air gap. The air gaps between permanent magnets 1 and 2, and between permanent magnets 3 and 4, respectively have high uniform magnetic fields 9 and 10.

[0045] There are electric conductors 12 and 13 in uniform magnetic fields 9 and 10, respectively. Electric conductors 12 and 13 are connected to the rotation axis 22. Due to the presence of the limiting block 17, the degree of freedom of the rotation axis 22 is restricted, so that electric conductor 12 can only be located in uniform magnetic field 9, and electric conductor 13 can only be located in uniform magnetic field 10.

[0046] Similar to Figure 2 of the first embodiment, the electrical connection between conductors 12 and 13 is located outside the closed magnetic field region, forming a complete coil structure through this external connection. When the coil is energized, the current flows sequentially through conductor 12, which is in the region of action of uniform magnetic field 9, and conductor 13, which is in the region of action of uniform magnetic field 10. According to the principle of Lorentz force, the current-carrying directions of conductors 12 and 13 are specifically arranged so that the Lorentz force vectors generated by both are superimposed in the same direction along the rotation axis 22, thereby forming an effective rotational force.

[0047] Preferably, the electrical conductors 12 and 13 are arranged perpendicular to the uniform magnetic fields 9 and 10.

[0048] Figure 7 shows a variation of the embodiment in Figure 6, featuring eight permanent magnets. The embodiment in Figure 6 uses four permanent magnets. While the embodiment in Figure 7 results in fewer degrees of freedom for the rotation axis 22 compared to Figure 6, the increased number of permanent magnets and conductors leads to a greater effective rotational force, making it suitable for applications requiring high rotational force and short rotational strokes.

[0049] Figure 8 illustrates a current direction, with a cross-section showing an electrical conductor in a uniform magnetic field region and its electrical connections outside the magnetic field. This current direction will cause a controllable rotational force on the axis of rotation in the direction indicated by arrow 23. Similarly, since the strength of the Lorentz force is strictly proportional to the excitation current, the amplitude of the rotational force can be precisely controlled by adjusting the current intensity, and the direction of the rotational force can be reversed by changing the polarity of the current.

[0050] An exemplary application of the electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle of the present invention for roll material tension control will now be explained with reference to Figures 9 and 10.

[0051] As shown in Figure 9, the electromagnetic tensioner 25 based on the Ampere force principle for rotational motion can apply force to the roll material 28 through the jumping arm 30 with the jumping roller assembly 26 installed at the end, and can move at a certain angle, so that the jumping roller assembly 26 can move within a limited range, and the roll material 28 moves accordingly.

[0052] As shown in Figure 10, the electromagnetic tensioner 25 based on the Ampere force principle for linear motion is also placed on the base plate 24, but now the jumping roller assembly 26 can directly apply force to the roll 28, so that the jumping roller assembly 26 can move the roll 28 up and down linearly.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle, characterized in that: It includes multiple permanent magnets (1, 2, 3, 4) and at least one electrical conductor (12, 13) disposed between the permanent magnets (1, 2, 3, 4). The electrical conductor (12, 13) is arranged in a space perpendicular to the uniform magnetic field (9, 10), and its mobility relative to the permanent magnets (1, 2, 3, 4) is restricted by a limiting block (17) so that it cannot leave the uniform magnetic field (9, 10).

2. The electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnets (1, 2, 3, 4) are arranged in pairs facing each other, with opposite magnetic poles on their opposite faces.

3. An electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical conductors (12, 13) are interconnected by electrical connections (18, 19).

4. An electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electrical connections (18, 19) of the electrical conductors (12, 13) are arranged outside the uniform magnetic field (9, 10).

5. An electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle according to the preceding claims, characterized in that: The permanent magnets (1, 2, 3, 4) are arranged linearly, and the electrical conductors (12, 13) are mechanically coupled to the piston rod (14) which can move in the same direction.

6. An electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle according to the preceding claims, characterized in that: The permanent magnets (1, 2, 3, 4) are arranged adjacent to each other in a circle, and the electrical conductors (12, 13) are mechanically coupled to the centrally arranged rotating shaft (22).

7. The electromagnetic tensioner based on the Ampere force principle according to claim 6, characterized in that: Eight permanent magnets are set up, each of which is a quarter circle, and electrical conductors (12, 13) form four coils.

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