Performance detection method and system for infrared waveguide of AR (Augmented Reality) glasses

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of AR (Augmented Reality) glasses, and provides a method and a system for detecting the performance of an infrared waveguide for AR glasses. According to the invention, infrared light is emitted to the detected waveguide coupling-in area, the light is irradiated to the reflection unit after being transmitted by the waveguide, and the reflection unit adopts a specific detection pattern to simulate the illumination effect of the infrared light on eyeballs, so that an eye movement tracking illumination scene is truly restored; and the reflected light of the detection pattern is captured and transmitted by the waveguide, finally, an image is acquired by an infrared imaging system, quantitative parameters such as contrast and modulation transfer function are calculated based on the image, and objective quantitative evaluation of waveguide performance is realized. Through closed-loop detection design, high precision and repeatability of detection are ensured, and reliability and mass production efficiency of the AR glasses eye movement tracking module are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of augmented reality (AR) glasses technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for testing the performance of infrared waveguides for AR glasses. Background Technology

[0002] As AR (Augmented Reality) devices become more lightweight and intelligent, eye-tracking has become a key interactive technology. This involves illuminating the eye with an infrared light source and using imaging algorithms to calculate the coordinates of the gaze point. Existing technologies include a waveguide-based eye-tracking scheme that uses a detector array to directly acquire the coordinates of reflected light, reducing computational load and achieving system lightweighting. Another patent discloses an AR display system that uses waveguide configuration to capture images of the eye and environment, integrating imaging functionality through waveguide-guided optical paths to improve device compactness. These solutions focus on optimizing terminal functions but do not address the specific performance testing of the core optical component—the infrared (IR) waveguide itself.

[0003] However, existing technologies have significant limitations. During the R&D and mass production stages, the performance of IR waveguides (such as transmission efficiency, illumination uniformity, and resolution) directly affects eye-tracking accuracy, but standardized testing methods are currently lacking. General optical testing methods (such as measuring transmission loss with an optical power meter or direct camera imaging) cannot simulate the characteristics of eye reflection and are difficult to quantify the impact of illumination effects on eye-tracking algorithms. Furthermore, some manufacturers use prototype testing to collect data through actual wear, a method that is costly, inefficient, and highly susceptible to subject variability, failing to meet the demands for rapid, quantitative testing in large-scale production. While the aforementioned two patent documents address the implementation of eye-tracking functionality, they do not provide methods for evaluating the performance of the waveguide components themselves, making it difficult to guarantee the stability of the eye-tracking function.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a method and system specifically for testing the performance of IR optical waveguides to fill the industry gap. This invention aims to overcome the aforementioned deficiencies by simulating the reflective characteristics of the eye (e.g., using a reflective plate with a specific pattern) and introducing quantitative indicators (e.g., modulation transfer function MTF) to achieve efficient and repeatable testing, suitable for R&D verification and mass production quality control, thereby improving the reliability and yield of AR glasses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a performance testing method and system for infrared waveguides used in AR glasses. By simulating the reflection characteristics of the eyeball and introducing quantitative indicators, it achieves efficient and repeatable waveguide testing, which is suitable for R&D verification and mass production quality control.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for testing the performance of an infrared waveguide for AR glasses is provided, comprising: S1, infrared light is emitted into the coupling region of the waveguide under test, so that the infrared light is transmitted through the waveguide and emitted from the first coupling region and illuminates the reflection unit, the reflection unit having a detection pattern; S2, the detection pattern simulates the illumination effect of infrared light illuminating the eyeball, so that the reflected light from the detection pattern is captured by the waveguide under test and emitted from the second coupling region after being transmitted through the waveguide; S3, acquire an image formed by the light emitted from the second coupling region, and calculate at least one performance parameter of the waveguide under test based on the image.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0008] Optionally, in step S1, the detection pattern includes at least: Simulates the low-reflection zone of the pupil and the high-reflection zone of the iris.

[0009] Optionally, the detection pattern includes a checkerboard pattern, wherein the dark squares in the checkerboard pattern are used to simulate the low reflectivity of the pupil of the eye, and the bright squares in the checkerboard pattern are used to simulate the high reflectivity of the iris.

[0010] Optionally, the detection pattern includes an edge feature pattern.

[0011] Optionally, the infrared light emitted in step S1 is collimated light, and the spot size of the infrared light covers the coupling region of the waveguide under test.

[0012] Optionally, before step S1, the method further includes: The waveguide under test, the detection pattern, and the image acquisition device are subjected to optical path coaxial calibration.

[0013] Optionally, the at least one performance parameter includes at least one of the following parameters: Imaging contrast, which is calculated based on the image, is used to characterize the boundary recognition capability of the detection pattern under infrared illumination; The modulation transfer function (MTF), obtained by analyzing the edge spread function or line pair response in the image, characterizes the spatial resolution after waveguide transmission.

[0014] Optionally, the performance parameter is imaging contrast. Step S3 further includes: comparing the performance parameters with preset indicators to generate detection results, specifically including: The imaging contrast of the image is calculated by analyzing the differences in gray values ​​of different reflectance regions in the image. The imaging contrast is compared with a contrast threshold; If the imaging contrast is lower than the contrast threshold, a detection result containing a failure indication is generated.

[0015] Optionally, the performance parameter is a modulation transfer function (MTF). Step S3 further includes: comparing the performance parameters with preset indicators to generate detection results, specifically including: The modulation transfer function (MTF) of an image is calculated by analyzing the edge spread function or line pair response in the image. The resolution corresponding to the modulation transfer function (MTF) threshold is compared with the resolution threshold; If the resolution corresponding to the modulation transfer function (MTF) threshold is lower than the resolution threshold, a detection result containing a failure indication is generated.

[0016] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a performance testing system for an infrared waveguide used in AR glasses is provided, comprising: The illumination unit is configured to emit infrared light into the coupling region of the waveguide under test; The reflection unit is provided with a detection pattern that simulates the illumination effect of infrared light on the eyeball, and is configured to receive and reflect infrared light emitted from the first coupling region of the waveguide under test. The image acquisition unit is configured to acquire an image formed by light emitted from the second coupling region of the waveguide under test; The processing unit, which is communicatively connected to the image acquisition unit, is configured to calculate at least one performance parameter of the waveguide under test based on the image.

[0017] Optionally, the reflective unit includes a substrate and a reflective coating formed on the surface of the substrate, and the detection pattern is arranged on the reflective coating; The detection pattern includes dark grid areas and bright grid areas, wherein: The dark grid area has low reflectivity. The bright grid area has high reflectivity.

[0018] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to execute a computer management program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the above-described performance detection method for infrared waveguides used in AR glasses.

[0019] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer management class program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described performance detection method for infrared waveguides used in AR glasses.

[0020] This invention provides a method, system, electronic device, and storage medium for performance testing of infrared waveguides for AR glasses, which constructs a closed-loop optical testing path simulating a real eye-tracking scenario. First, infrared light is emitted into the coupling region of the infrared waveguide, illuminating a detection pattern that simulates eye reflection characteristics after transmission through the waveguide. Then, the light signal reflected from the pattern and transmitted a second time through the waveguide is captured. Finally, waveguide performance is quantified through image analysis. This invention integrates the physical characteristics of eye reflection (such as the pupil-iris reflection difference) into the waveguide performance testing process, directly evaluating the waveguide's optical performance in real-world application scenarios through a closed-loop process of simulation → transmission → acquisition → analysis. This invention achieves high-precision, scenario-based testing of infrared waveguide performance for AR glasses. It can accurately predict the actual performance of the waveguide in eye-tracking systems through quantitative indicators (such as contrast ratio and MTF), and fills a gap in the industry's specialized waveguide testing field, providing a repeatable and efficient evaluation method for R&D verification and mass production quality control. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A flowchart of a performance testing method for infrared waveguides used in AR glasses provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle for performance testing of an infrared waveguide in one embodiment. Figure 3 A flowchart of a performance testing method for an infrared waveguide used in AR glasses, provided for one embodiment; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the composition of an infrared waveguide performance testing system for AR glasses provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a possible electronic device provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a possible computer-readable storage medium provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This invention provides a flowchart of a performance testing method for infrared waveguides used in AR glasses. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle for performance testing of an infrared waveguide in a specific implementation scenario. (Combined with...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a performance testing method for infrared waveguides used in AR glasses, including steps S1 to S3: S1, infrared light is emitted into the coupling region of the waveguide under test, so that the infrared light is transmitted through the waveguide and emitted from the first coupling region and illuminates the reflection unit, the reflection unit having a detection pattern; S2, the detection pattern simulates the illumination effect of infrared light illuminating the eyeball, so that the reflected light from the detection pattern is captured by the waveguide under test and emitted from the second coupling region after being transmitted through the waveguide; S3, acquire an image formed by the light emitted from the second coupling region, and calculate at least one performance parameter of the waveguide under test based on the image.

[0024] Understandably, given the deficiencies in the background technology, this invention proposes a performance testing method for infrared waveguides used in AR glasses. This method integrates infrared illumination, waveguide transmission, and imaging into a single closed-loop testing system. By simulating the illumination effect of infrared light on the eyeball, it achieves a quantitative evaluation of key parameters such as the transmission efficiency and spatial resolution of the infrared waveguide.

[0025] Specifically, this method simulates the illumination effect of infrared light on the eyeball (e.g., using dark squares in the detection pattern to simulate low pupil reflectivity and bright squares to simulate high iris reflectivity), realistically reproducing the illumination environment of IR (Infrared) waveguides in eye-tracking applications. This improves detection accuracy and avoids the instability caused by subject variability in traditional prototype testing, making the results more predictable and reliable. Secondly, evaluation based on image quantification parameters (such as contrast and modulation transfer function MTF) enables objective and repeatable performance analysis. This not only improves detection efficiency in R&D and mass production scenarios but also reduces external interference through closed-loop system design, enhancing detection consistency and stability. Furthermore, the method's versatility allows for extension to the detection of other waveguides or optical components, promoting industry standardization. Overall, this invention directly addresses the core problem of the lack of dedicated, quantitative detection solutions in existing technologies, providing an efficient and low-cost solution for quality control of AR glasses eye-tracking modules.

[0026] Based on the above technical solutions, the embodiments of the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0027] In one possible embodiment, the infrared light emitted in step S1 is collimated light, and the spot size of the infrared light covers the coupling region of the waveguide under test.

[0028] This embodiment maximizes energy transfer efficiency and standardizes illumination conditions during the optical coupling stage by using collimated infrared light to illuminate the waveguide coupling area and ensuring that the light spot size completely covers the coupling area. This ensures the integrity and consistency of light received in the waveguide coupling area, improving the stability of the detection signal from the source and avoiding parameter misjudgments caused by uneven illumination. By simulating the actual working state of the infrared light source in the AR glasses eye-tracking system, the collimation process eliminates energy loss and incident angle deviation caused by divergent light, allowing light to enter the waveguide at an ideal angle, providing a stable and uniform illumination basis for subsequent reflection imaging.

[0029] In one possible embodiment, prior to step S1, the method further includes: The waveguide under test, the detection pattern, and the image acquisition device are subjected to optical path coaxial calibration.

[0030] In this embodiment, a pre-calibrated optical path coaxiality operation ensures that the optical axes of the waveguide under test, the reflecting unit (with the detection pattern), and the image acquisition device are strictly aligned, thereby constructing a precise and stable detection optical path. This calibration step is a fundamental prerequisite for the detection system to achieve accurate measurements. It eliminates optical path offsets or imaging distortions caused by relative positional deviations between components, providing a reliable optical environment for subsequent performance parameter calculations.

[0031] In one possible embodiment, in step S1, the detection pattern includes at least: Simulates the low-reflection zone of the pupil and the high-reflection zone of the iris.

[0032] For example, the detection pattern can use a concentric ring pattern, with the inner ring using a low-reflectivity material (e.g., 5-8% reflectivity) to simulate pupil characteristics, and the outer ring using a high-reflectivity material (e.g., 85-90% reflectivity) to simulate iris characteristics. The concentric ring pattern design can realistically reproduce the optical characteristics of the eye's curvature. By analyzing the optical diffusion at the ring boundary, the radial uniformity and edge contrast performance of the waveguide can be evaluated simultaneously.

[0033] For example, the detection pattern can utilize electrochromic materials to construct an adjustable reflective region. Through voltage control, the reflectivity can be continuously adjusted within the range of 5%-90%, simulating differences in eye reflection among different ethnic groups (such as dark versus light irises) and allowing the construction of gradient reflective regions to evaluate the waveguide's response to continuous changes in reflection. The adjustable reflective region is suitable for verifying the waveguide's adaptability in various application scenarios.

[0034] Understandably, this embodiment utilizes a combination of regions with different reflectivity to realistically reproduce the reflection differences between the pupil and iris when infrared light illuminates the surface of the eyeball. This embodiment enables the reflection unit to accurately simulate the actual optical characteristics of eye tissue, thus making the reflected light imaging after waveguide transmission closer to real eye-tracking scenarios. Specifically, by simulating the reflection contrast between the pupil and iris, the ability to recognize the pupil boundary under waveguide illumination can be directly evaluated, thereby more accurately predicting the actual performance of the eye-tracking module; simultaneously, the detection pattern design provides a structural basis for subsequent quantitative analysis (such as contrast calculation), enhancing the reliability and repeatability of the detection method.

[0035] In one possible embodiment, the detection pattern includes a checkerboard pattern, wherein the dark squares of the checkerboard pattern are used to simulate the low reflectivity of the pupil of the eye, and the bright squares of the checkerboard pattern are used to simulate the high reflectivity of the iris.

[0036] Understandably, this embodiment utilizes the periodically alternating dark and bright squares in a checkerboard pattern to accurately simulate the low reflectivity of the pupil and the high reflectivity of the iris, respectively. This constructs a test scenario that highly matches the optical characteristics of a real eye-tracking environment, allowing the evaluation results to directly and accurately reflect the waveguide's ability to recognize the pupil-iris boundary in real-world applications. When infrared light is transmitted through the waveguide and illuminates the checkerboard pattern, the reflected light carries optical information based on the pattern's contrast. This information is then transmitted through the waveguide and captured by the imaging system, thereby achieving a quantitative evaluation of the waveguide's performance.

[0037] In one possible embodiment, the detection pattern includes an edge feature pattern, which is primarily used to calculate the modulation transfer function (MTF).

[0038] For example, the edge feature pattern can be represented by a 5° bevel. Based on the imaging analysis of the bevel, the edge spread function and line spread function are obtained, and then the MTF curve is obtained through Fast Fourier Transform, which represents the MTF value at different spatial frequencies.

[0039] For example, a crosshair can be used to represent edge feature patterns. By imaging the crosshair and analyzing its line spread function, the MTF curve can be obtained through a fast Fourier transform.

[0040] For example, edge feature patterns can be integrated using composite patterns. For instance, bevels / crosshairs can be intelligently integrated with checkerboard patterns, embedding edge features in specific areas of the checkerboard pattern. This composite design allows for the simultaneous acquisition of contrast indices and MTF curves in a single detection, enabling multi-parameter synchronous evaluation of waveguide performance, reducing detection steps, and improving data consistency.

[0041] For example, the reflective unit is an artificial eyeball containing a mimicking pupil, iris, and cornea, with reflective properties similar to the human eye. This allows for a direct and intuitive characterization of the illumination effect on the eyeball during eye tracking based on imaging from an infrared detection system.

[0042] In this embodiment, by standardizing edge features, an objective quantitative assessment of the spatial resolution of infrared waveguides is achieved. For example, the modulation transfer function (MTF) can be directly calculated based on the imaging of bevel patterns or crosshair patterns, transforming the waveguide's imaging sharpness into a quantifiable indicator and overcoming the limitations of traditional subjective visual inspection. Secondly, the design of the edge feature pattern improves detection accuracy and practicality because the MTF curve can be directly correlated with the error tolerance of pupil center positioning in eye tracking, enabling the detection results to accurately predict the performance of the tested waveguide in practical applications.

[0043] In one possible embodiment, the at least one performance parameter includes at least one of imaging contrast and modulation transfer function (MTF).

[0044] 1. Imaging contrast, which is calculated based on the image and is used to characterize the boundary recognition capability of the detection pattern under infrared illumination.

[0045] Understandably, imaging contrast uses image processing techniques to quantify the grayscale differences in different reflectivity regions of the detection pattern attached to the reflective unit, in order to evaluate the illumination uniformity and boundary recognition capability of the infrared waveguide in a simulated eye-tracking environment.

[0046] In a specific example, the detection system uses a checkerboard pattern as the reflective unit. The dark squares simulate the low reflectivity of the pupil (e.g., reflectivity of about 8%), while the bright squares simulate the high reflectivity of the iris (e.g., reflectivity of about 85%). When collimated infrared light illuminates the pattern via waveguide transmission, the infrared imaging system acquires the image. Then, it calculates the average grayscale value G_min of adjacent dark squares and the average grayscale value G_max of bright squares in the image. The contrast formula C=(G_max-G_min) / (G_max+G_min) is applied to obtain the value, thus objectively reflecting the waveguide's effect on restoring the pupil-iris boundary.

[0047] 2. Modulation Transfer Function (MTF), which is obtained by analyzing the edge spread function or line pair response in the image to characterize the spatial resolution after waveguide transmission.

[0048] In a specific example, the detection pattern uses a bright area with 85% reflectivity to simulate the iris and a beveled edge with 8% reflectivity to simulate the pupil boundary. When collimated infrared light illuminates this detection pattern via waveguide transmission, the image acquired by the infrared imaging system will exhibit edge diffusion due to the diffraction effect of the waveguide under test. By extracting the edge spread function (ESF) and performing a Fourier transform on it, the MTF curve can be obtained. The image with the beveled edge is used as an example for illustration: In the calculation process, the acquired oblique edge image is first denoised using Gaussian filtering to extract its edge spread function (ESF). Then, the line spread function (LSF) is obtained through differential calculation. Finally, the MTF curve is generated by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). For example, at a spatial frequency of 50 line pairs / mm, if the MTF value is higher than a preset threshold (e.g., 0.3), it indicates that the waveguide can meet the pupil positioning accuracy requirements for eye tracking. By using the modulation transfer function (MTF) quantization method to transform the waveguide's imaging sharpness into an objective indicator, the uncertainty of traditional subjective evaluation is solved, and standardized measurement provides a repeatable quality inspection basis for the production line.

[0049] In one possible embodiment, for example Figure 3 As shown in the flowchart, step S3 further includes: calculating at least one performance parameter of the waveguide under test based on the image, and then comparing the performance parameter with a preset index to generate a detection result.

[0050] The following two examples illustrate the processing procedures for performance parameters.

[0051] 1. When the performance parameter includes imaging contrast, the step of comparing the performance parameter with a preset index to generate a detection result specifically includes sub-steps S301~S303: S301 calculates the image contrast by analyzing the gray value differences in different reflectance regions of the image.

[0052] Taking a checkerboard pattern as an example, select a 3×3 checkerboard area in the image and calculate the average grayscale value of the bright squares (simulating the iris) and the dark squares (simulating the pupil). If the measured average grayscale value of the bright squares is 180 and the average grayscale value of the dark squares is 60, then substituting into the contrast formula C=(G_max-G_min) / (G_max+G_min)=(180-60) / (180+60)=0.5.

[0053] S302, compare the imaging contrast with the contrast threshold.

[0054] For example, in this embodiment, the preset contrast threshold is 0.6, and the contrast C calculated in step S302 is required to be greater than the contrast threshold. Therefore, the contrast C=0.5 calculated in step S302 is compared with the contrast threshold of 0.6, and the contrast comparison result is: C<0.6.

[0055] S303, if the imaging contrast is lower than the contrast threshold, a detection result containing a failure indication is generated.

[0056] For example, the contrast comparison result obtained in step S302 is: C < 0.6, therefore a warning message of "insufficient contrast" is generated.

[0057] 2. When the performance parameters include the modulation transfer function (MTF), the step of comparing the performance parameters with a preset index to generate a detection result specifically includes sub-steps S301'~S303': S301' calculates the modulation transfer function (MTF) of an image by analyzing the edge spread function or line pair response in the image.

[0058] Taking a beveled pattern as an example, the MTF calculation for a beveled pattern first involves extracting the edge spread function (ESF). The edge response curve is obtained by sampling the pixel grayscale values ​​in the beveled transition region. Then, the ESF is differentiated to obtain the line spread function (LSF), and finally, the MTF curve is calculated using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).

[0059] S302', compare the resolution corresponding to the modulation transfer function (MTF) threshold with the resolution threshold.

[0060] For example, with a preset resolution threshold of 50 lp / mm and an MTF threshold of 0.3, the system requires that the resolution corresponding to the detected modulation transfer function (MTF) threshold be greater than the resolution threshold. In actual detection, the system pays special attention to the spatial frequency corresponding to MTF=0.3. When the measured spatial frequency at MTF=0.3 is 40 lp / mm, it is compared with the preset resolution threshold of 50 lp / mm to obtain the resolution comparison result. MTF@40lp / mm=0.3, 40<50.

[0061] S303' When the resolution corresponding to the modulation transfer function (MTF) threshold is lower than the resolution threshold, a detection result containing a failure indication is generated.

[0062] For example, in step S302', the resolution comparison result is obtained: MTF@40lp / mm=0.3, 40<50, therefore a warning message of "insufficient resolution" is generated.

[0063] It is understandable that when generating test results by comparing performance parameters with preset indicators, if there are multiple performance parameters, the processing steps for each performance parameter can be performed simultaneously. For example, steps S301~S303 and steps S301'~S303' can be performed simultaneously; or they can be performed in a preset order, for example, steps S301~S303 can be executed first, followed by steps S301'~S303', until all performance parameters are traversed.

[0064] Subsequently, the system evaluates the deviation of various performance parameters, generates a detailed quality analysis report, and identifies process steps that need improvement. For example, for the problem of insufficient contrast, it is recommended to check the alignment accuracy of the waveguide coupling end; for the problem of low MTF value, it is recommended to optimize the grating fabrication process.

[0065] It is understood that this embodiment uses grayscale difference to calculate imaging contrast, which directly reflects the waveguide's ability to recognize the pupil-iris boundary; it obtains the modulation transfer function (MTF) through edge spread function analysis to objectively quantify spatial resolution; then it accurately compares the calculated performance parameters with preset thresholds to determine whether the waveguide under test meets the functional requirements of eye tracking; finally, it generates a structured test report to achieve the linkage output of quality judgment and improvement suggestions.

[0066] This embodiment transforms subjective optical inspection into objective data judgment through standardized algorithms, significantly improving the reliability and repeatability of inspection results. Through a multi-parameter collaborative evaluation mechanism, such as complementary verification of contrast and MTF, it can comprehensively diagnose waveguide defect types and accurately locate process problems. Through fully automated design, it effectively improves inspection efficiency, enabling the solution to combine the depth of R&D verification with the speed of mass production quality inspection, providing key technical support for the quality control of AR glasses eye-tracking modules.

[0067] Figure 4 A structural diagram of an infrared waveguide performance testing system for AR glasses provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, a performance testing system for an infrared waveguide used in AR glasses includes an illumination unit, a reflection unit, an image acquisition unit, and a processing unit. The waveguide under test is mounted on a clamping mechanism and effectively fixed. The various components of the system cooperate with the waveguide under test to form a closed-loop optical testing path. Wherein: 1. An illumination unit configured to emit infrared light into the coupling region of the waveguide under test. For example, the lighting unit uses an 850nm wavelength infrared laser as the light source, equipped with an aspherical collimating lens group, to output a collimated beam with a diameter of 5mm. This unit is fixed by a precision adjustment bracket and can be adjusted in five dimensions (XYZ translation + pitch / deflection) to ensure that the beam is precisely aligned with the coupling area of ​​the waveguide under test, and that the spot of the collimated beam completely covers the coupling area of ​​the waveguide under test. In actual production line applications, this unit can also integrate optical power monitoring functions to provide real-time feedback on the lighting status.

[0068] 2. Waveguide under test clamping mechanism (optional): Effectively fixes the waveguide under test without interfering with the detection optical path. For example, a vacuum adsorption fixture can be used to fix the waveguide under test. The fixture base can be equipped with a thermal management module to stabilize the waveguide temperature within a preferred range, preventing detection errors caused by temperature instability. The clamping mechanism can also be designed with an edge contact fixing scheme to avoid stress or obstruction to the optical functional areas of the waveguide under test.

[0069] 3. A reflection unit, equipped with a detection pattern simulating the illumination effect of infrared light on the eyeball, configured to receive and reflect infrared light emitted from the first coupling region of the waveguide under test. Preferably, the reflective unit includes a substrate and a reflective coating formed on the surface of the substrate, and the detection pattern is arranged on the reflective coating; the detection pattern includes dark grid areas and bright grid areas, wherein: The dark grid area has low reflectivity. The bright grid area has high reflectivity.

[0070] For example, the substrate of the reflective unit is made of aluminum alloy, and a specific reflectivity region is formed on its surface by anodizing. The detection pattern is prepared by laser engraving, wherein the reflectivity of the bright squares in the checkerboard pattern is 85±2% (simulating the iris), and the reflectivity of the dark squares is 8±1% (simulating the pupil); the straightness of the beveled pattern edge is controlled within ±0.5μm. The substrate of the reflective unit can be quickly assembled and disassembled via a magnetic base, facilitating the replacement of the detection pattern template according to different detection requirements.

[0071] 4. An image acquisition unit configured to acquire an image formed by light emitted from the second coupling region of the waveguide under test. For example, an InGaAs infrared camera with a resolution of 1280×1024 and a pixel size of 12μm is used, with a quantum efficiency of >70% in the 850nm band. It is equipped with a 5x infrared microscope objective (NA=0.14) and a working distance of 35mm. The camera communicates with the processing unit via a gigabit Ethernet interface, achieving a frame rate of up to 30fps. The image acquisition unit housing can also be fitted with an electromagnetic shielding layer to effectively suppress electromagnetic interference on the production line, making the detection system more suitable for production line applications.

[0072] 5. A processing unit, communicatively connected to the image acquisition unit, configured to calculate at least one performance parameter of the waveguide under test based on the image. For example, the processing unit is equipped with an Intel i7 processor and an FPGA accelerator card, running customized optical inspection software. The built-in software algorithm modules include at least: contrast calculation (adaptive region selection), MTF analysis (edge ​​spread function fitting), etc.

[0073] In addition to the above, the testing system can also provide a graphical user interface, display test data and trend charts in real time, and support automatic generation of test reports and database storage.

[0074] It is understood that the performance testing system for infrared waveguides in AR glasses provided by this invention corresponds to the performance testing methods for infrared waveguides in AR glasses provided in the foregoing embodiments. The relevant technical features of the performance testing system for infrared waveguides in AR glasses can be referred to the relevant technical features of the performance testing methods for infrared waveguides in AR glasses, and will not be repeated here.

[0075] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the electronic device provided in this invention. For example... Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an electronic device 500, including a memory 510, a processor 520, and a computer program 511 stored in the memory 510 and executable on the processor 520. When the processor 520 executes the computer program 511, it performs the following steps: S1, infrared light is emitted into the coupling region of the waveguide under test, so that the infrared light is transmitted through the waveguide and emitted from the first coupling region and illuminates the reflection unit, the reflection unit having a detection pattern; S2, the detection pattern simulates the illumination effect of infrared light illuminating the eyeball, so that the reflected light from the detection pattern is captured by the waveguide under test and emitted from the second coupling region after being transmitted through the waveguide; S3, acquire an image formed by the light emitted from the second coupling region, and calculate at least one performance parameter of the waveguide under test based on the image.

[0076] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a computer-readable storage medium provided by the present invention. (See diagram below.) Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium 600, on which a computer program 511 is stored. When the computer program 511 is executed by a processor, it performs the following steps: S1, infrared light is emitted into the coupling region of the waveguide under test, so that the infrared light is transmitted through the waveguide and emitted from the first coupling region and illuminates the reflection unit, the reflection unit having a detection pattern; S2, the detection pattern simulates the illumination effect of infrared light illuminating the eyeball, so that the reflected light from the detection pattern is captured by the waveguide under test and emitted from the second coupling region after being transmitted through the waveguide; S3, acquire an image formed by the light emitted from the second coupling region, and calculate at least one performance parameter of the waveguide under test based on the image.

[0077] This invention provides a method, system, and storage medium for testing the performance of an infrared waveguide for AR glasses. It employs a reflective unit with a specific detection pattern to simulate the illumination effect of infrared light on the eyeball (e.g., using a checkerboard pattern to simulate the high reflectivity of the iris and the low reflectivity of the pupil, respectively). A beam of light emitted from an infrared light source is transmitted through the waveguide and then illuminates the reflective unit, simulating the illumination process in a real eye-tracking scenario. The reflected light is again captured and transmitted by the waveguide, and finally, an infrared imaging system acquires the image. Based on the image, quantitative parameters such as contrast and modulation transfer function are calculated to objectively evaluate key performance characteristics of the waveguide, such as illumination uniformity and spatial resolution.

[0078] This invention firstly achieves accurate prediction and evaluation of waveguide performance in practical application scenarios in a laboratory environment by highly simulating the optical characteristics of a real eye, effectively replacing costly and inefficient prototype testing and filling a gap in the industry. Secondly, the use of a quantitative parameter evaluation system makes the test results objective and repeatable, greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the test and providing a clear direction for R&D iteration and production line quality inspection. Finally, the entire system has a clear structure, is easy to integrate and automate, and is very suitable for rapid quality control on large-scale production lines, significantly improving production efficiency and product yield. It also has good technical versatility and can be extended to the testing of other optical waveguide components, promoting the standardization process in the industry.

[0079] It should be noted that the descriptions of each embodiment in the above embodiments have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0081] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0082] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0083] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0084] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0085] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for testing the performance of infrared waveguides used in AR glasses, characterized in that, include: S1, infrared light is emitted into the coupling region of the waveguide under test, so that the infrared light is transmitted through the waveguide and emitted from the first coupling region and illuminates the reflection unit, the reflection unit having a detection pattern; S2, the detection pattern simulates the illumination effect of infrared light illuminating the eyeball, so that the reflected light from the detection pattern is captured by the waveguide under test and emitted from the second coupling region after being transmitted through the waveguide; S3, acquire an image formed by the light emitted from the second coupling region, and calculate at least one performance parameter of the waveguide under test based on the image.

2. The method for testing the performance of an infrared waveguide for AR glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the detection pattern includes at least: Simulates the low-reflection zone of the pupil and the high-reflection zone of the iris.

3. The method for testing the performance of an infrared waveguide for AR glasses according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection pattern includes a checkerboard pattern, wherein the dark squares in the checkerboard pattern are used to simulate the low reflectivity of the pupil of the eye, and the bright squares in the checkerboard pattern are used to simulate the high reflectivity of the iris.

4. The performance testing method for infrared waveguides used in AR glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection pattern includes edge feature patterns.

5. The performance testing method for infrared waveguides used in AR glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared light emitted in step S1 is collimated light, and the spot size of the infrared light covers the coupling region of the waveguide under test.

6. The performance testing method for infrared waveguides used in AR glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before step S1, the following is also included: The waveguide under test, the detection pattern, and the image acquisition device are subjected to optical path coaxial calibration.

7. The method for testing the performance of an infrared waveguide for AR glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one performance parameter includes at least one of the following parameters: Imaging contrast, which is calculated based on the image, is used to characterize the boundary recognition capability of the detection pattern under infrared illumination; The modulation transfer function (MTF), obtained by analyzing the edge spread function or line pair response in the image, characterizes the spatial resolution after waveguide transmission.

8. The method for testing the performance of an infrared waveguide for AR glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The performance parameter is the imaging contrast. Step S3 further includes comparing the performance parameters with preset indicators to generate detection results, specifically including: The imaging contrast of the image is calculated by analyzing the differences in gray values ​​of different reflectance regions in the image. The imaging contrast is compared with a contrast threshold; If the imaging contrast is lower than the contrast threshold, a detection result containing a failure indication is generated.

9. The performance testing method for infrared waveguides used in AR glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The performance parameter is the modulation transfer function (MTF). Step S3 further includes comparing the performance parameters with preset indicators to generate detection results, specifically including: The modulation transfer function (MTF) of an image is calculated by analyzing the edge spread function or line pair response in the image. The resolution corresponding to the modulation transfer function (MTF) threshold is compared with the resolution threshold; If the resolution corresponding to the modulation transfer function (MTF) threshold is lower than the resolution threshold, a detection result containing a failure indication is generated.

10. A performance testing system for infrared waveguides used in AR glasses, characterized in that, include: The illumination unit is configured to emit infrared light into the coupling region of the waveguide under test; The reflection unit is provided with a detection pattern that simulates the illumination effect of infrared light on the eyeball, and is configured to receive and reflect infrared light emitted from the first coupling region of the waveguide under test. The image acquisition unit is configured to acquire an image formed by light emitted from the second coupling region of the waveguide under test; The processing unit, which is communicatively connected to the image acquisition unit, is configured to calculate at least one performance parameter of the waveguide under test based on the image.

11. The performance testing system for infrared waveguides used in AR glasses according to claim 10, characterized in that, The reflective unit includes a substrate and a reflective coating formed on the surface of the substrate, and the detection pattern is arranged on the reflective coating; The detection pattern includes dark grid areas and bright grid areas, wherein: The dark grid area has low reflectivity. The bright grid area has high reflectivity.

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