Intelligent sensor and detection device for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environment

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent sensor for detecting a surface matrix in a low-temperature environment and a detection device, and belongs to the technical field of sensors. The intelligent sensor for detecting the surface matrix in the low-temperature environment comprises a detection bin, a drainage tube, a control module, a data processing module, a temperature sensing module, a humidity sensing module, a gas detection module, a heating module, an air inducing module and a power supply module. The detection device comprises the intelligent sensor for detecting the surface matrix in the low-temperature environment. Through the mode of composite protection and active temperature control, the method can break through the use limitation in the low-temperature environment, is suitable for various soil structures with the earth surface matrix of 0-30 m, can solve the problems of vibration and data interference from the two dimensions of structural damping and data filtering, and guarantees the reliability of data in various scenes such as the low-temperature environment and the frozen soil layer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of sensors, and particularly relates to an intelligent sensor for detecting a surface substrate and a detection device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of soil and groundwater pollution investigation, accurately and efficiently determining the distribution range of pollutants is a key prerequisite for carrying out pollution treatment work. Traditional soil and groundwater pollution investigation methods, such as soil sampling analysis and groundwater sampling analysis, have many deficiencies. Therefore, the prior art proposes a soil gas micro-disturbance technology. The technology uses an integrated small and portable device, which is composed of a conical filter probe, a connecting pipe, a gas detection unit and a handle. In use, the conical filter probe is inserted into the surface substrate (mainly soil), and the gas detection unit detects the gas extracted from the conical filter probe, which can detect various gas indicators in the soil gas at a shallow depth (such as 0.7m or more), such as VOCs, CO2, CH4, O2, etc. By comprehensively interpreting these indicators, the distribution range of soil pollutants can be quickly and comprehensively determined.

[0003] However, this technology has significant limitations in actual application, especially in northern China or low-temperature environments. The main reason is that the low temperature in the north lasts for a very long time. When the temperature is low, the temperature of the surface substrate is also relatively low, and the volatile substances in the surface substrate are extremely inactive. Moreover, the concentration of volatile substances is greatly affected by the water content. High water content can block soil pores and reduce soil permeability, affecting the entry of volatile gases into the detection device, which may result in low detection values and slow response. This makes detection more difficult and inaccurate, and the existing device lacks effective compensation means for this interference. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an intelligent sensor for detecting a surface substrate in a low-temperature environment and a detection device to solve the technical problems of the existing soil gas micro-disturbance technology-based device in the prior art, which is inconvenient and inaccurate to use in a low-temperature environment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An intelligent sensor for detecting surface substrate in low-temperature environments is provided, comprising a detection chamber, a drainage pipe, a control module, a data processing module, a temperature sensing module, a humidity sensing module, a gas detection module, a heating module, an air extraction module, and a power supply module; the detection chamber has a gas inlet and a gas outlet; one end of the drainage pipe is connected to the detection chamber and communicates with the gas inlet; the air extraction module is located on the gas inlet or inside the drainage pipe; the heating module is located at the end of the drainage pipe furthest from the detection chamber, for preheating the surface substrate; the temperature sensing module is located within the detection chamber. Inside, a temperature sensing module is used to detect the temperature of the gas flowing through the detection chamber; a humidity sensing module is located inside the detection chamber to detect the humidity of the gas flowing through the detection chamber; a gas detection module is located inside the detection chamber to detect the content of specific components in the gas flowing through the detection chamber; a data processing module is electrically connected to the temperature sensing module, humidity sensing module, and gas detection module respectively to process data signals; a control module is electrically connected to the exhaust fan module, heating module, and data processing module respectively to adjust the working status of the heating module and exhaust fan module according to the temperature data; a power supply module is electrically connected to the control module to provide power.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a detection device, including the aforementioned intelligent sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments.

[0007] The advantages of the intelligent sensor and detection device for detecting surface substrate in low-temperature environments provided by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, this invention can preheat the part to be detected in the surface substrate through the heating module, so that the temperature is within a suitable range. Even in low air temperature conditions, more accurate data can be measured, thus eliminating the need for additional detection points and making it more convenient to use. At the same time, through the temperature sensing module, humidity sensing module, and control module, not only can air humidity data be directly measured, but the impact of moisture content differences on the detection results can also be reduced through calculation and analysis. Moreover, the heating module and air exhaust module can be intelligently adjusted according to actual conditions, which can further improve the accuracy of detection. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 This is an external schematic diagram of an intelligent sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments, provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 2 A cross-sectional structure diagram of the intelligent sensor for detecting the surface substrate in a low-temperature environment is provided for an embodiment of the present application.

[0011] Figure 3 A structure diagram of the intelligent sensor for detecting the surface substrate in a low-temperature environment is provided for another embodiment of the present application.

[0012] Figure 4 A structure diagram of the intelligent sensor for detecting the surface substrate in a low-temperature environment is provided for another embodiment of the present application.

[0013] Figure 5 A structure diagram of the intelligent sensor for detecting the surface substrate in a low-temperature environment is provided for another embodiment of the present application.

[0014] Figure 6 A structure diagram of the detection device is provided for an embodiment of the present application.

[0015] In the drawings, various reference signs are used as follows:

[0016] 11, control module; 12, data processing module; 13, temperature sensing module; 14, humidity sensing module; 15, gas detection module; 16, heating module; 17, air guiding module; 18, power module; 19, display module;

[0017] 20, detection bin; 21, gas outlet;

[0018] 30, flow guiding pipe; 31, Tesla valve structure;

[0019] 40, circulation auxiliary pipe;

[0020] 50, switching mechanism; 51, V-shaped baffle; 52, push rod; 53, elastic member; 54, sliding baffle;

[0021] 60, outer sleeve; 61, heat preservation filling layer; 62, tapered head; 63, handle; 64, air inlet hole; 65, filter assembly; 66, helical fin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings of the present application. In the following description, a lot of specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and a person skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present application, therefore the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] It should be further explained that the drawings and embodiments of the present application mainly describe the concept of the present application, and on the basis of the concept, the specific forms and settings of some connection relationships, position relationships, power mechanisms, power supply systems, hydraulic systems and control systems, etc. may not be completely described, but under the premise that those skilled in the art understand the concept of the present application, those skilled in the art can realize the above-mentioned specific forms and settings in a well-known manner.

[0024] When an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "set" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0025] The orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer of the contour of each component itself, and the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0026] In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, and the meaning of "several" is one or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0027] Now the intelligent sensor and detection device for detecting low-temperature environment ground substrate provided by the present application will be described.

[0028] As Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the intelligent sensor for detecting surface substrate in low-temperature environments provided in the first embodiment of the present invention includes a detection chamber 20, a drainage pipe 30, a control module 11, a data processing module 12, a temperature sensing module 13, a humidity sensing module 14, a gas detection module 15, a heating module 16, an air extraction module 17, and a power supply module 18. The detection chamber 20 is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet 21. One end of the drainage pipe 30 is connected to the detection chamber 20 and communicates with the gas inlet. The air extraction module 17 is disposed on the gas inlet or inside the drainage pipe 30. The heating module 16 is disposed at the end of the drainage pipe 30 away from the detection chamber 20 and is used to preheat the surface substrate. The temperature sensing module 13 is disposed inside the detection chamber 20 and is used to detect the flow of gas through the detection chamber. The temperature of the gas inside the detection chamber 20; the humidity sensing module 14 is located inside the detection chamber 20 and is used to detect the humidity of the gas flowing through the detection chamber 20; the gas detection module 15 is located inside the detection chamber 20 and is used to detect the content of specific components in the gas flowing through the detection chamber 20; the data processing module 12 is electrically connected to the temperature sensing module 13, the humidity sensing module 14 and the gas detection module 15 respectively, and is used to process data signals; the control module 11 is electrically connected to the air extraction module 17, the heating module 16 and the data processing module 12 respectively, and is used to adjust the working state of the heating module and the air extraction module according to the temperature data transmitted by the temperature sensing module 13 and the humidity sensing module 14; the power supply module 18 is electrically connected to the control module 11 and is used to supply power.

[0029] The control module 11, data processing module 12, temperature sensing module 13, humidity sensing module 14, gas detection module 15, heating module 16, air extraction module 17, and power supply module 18 can all use existing electronic components, and appropriate types and models can be selected as needed. The control module 11 and data processing module 12 can be integrated on a single PCB board or can be a separate microcontroller. The specific type of gas detection module 15 can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific detection content, and can be a module for detecting radon, VOCs, metabolic gases (such as CO2, O2, CH4, H2, H2S, NH3, etc.), functional genes (such as alkane monooxygenase A / kB gene, catechol dioxygenase C120, C230 gene, etc.). In some specific embodiments, the power supply module 18 can be a battery or a power interface; the heating module 16 can be a module or device that can generate heat, such as an electric heating wire or electric heating tape; the air extraction module 17 can be a module or device that can drive gas flow, such as a fan or air extraction coil.

[0030] Meanwhile, through the cooperation of the temperature sensing module 13, humidity sensing module 14, and gas detection module 15, the temperature data, humidity data, and composition data of the gas can be integrated to facilitate the accurate selection of the required data segment, reduce the influence of water content on gas content, achieve data filtering, and improve detection accuracy.

[0031] In one specific embodiment, the control module 11 adjusts the operating status of the heating module and the air extraction module based on the temperature data transmitted from the temperature sensing module 13. Specifically: during the preheating stage, when the temperature data transmitted from the temperature sensing module 13 is within a preset threshold range, the control module 11 controls the heating module 16 and the air extraction module 17 to operate smoothly; when the temperature data transmitted from the temperature sensing module 13 is lower than the preset threshold range, the control module 11 controls the heating module 16 and the air extraction module 17 to increase their output power; when the temperature data transmitted from the temperature sensing module 13 is higher than the preset threshold range, the control module 11 controls the heating module 16 and the air extraction module 17 to reduce their output power, ultimately achieving stable preheating; and during the detection stage, the control module 11 controls the heating module 16 to turn off and controls the air extraction module 17 to operate stably.

[0032] When used alone, a hole of a predetermined depth needs to be drilled at the detection point using other tools. Then, the drainage tube 30 is inserted into the hole, and the heating module 16 is activated to release heat via the control module 11. Figure 3 As shown, since the heating module 16 is located at the lower part of the drainage pipe 30, i.e., the part to be tested in the hole, after the heating module 16 releases heat, the heat passes through the heat-conducting drainage pipe 30 and the bottom opening of the drainage pipe 30 to heat the part to be tested in the surface matrix, so as to ensure that the moisture and volatile substances are at a suitable temperature. Then, the control module 11 starts the air extraction module 17. The air extraction module 17 continuously extracts the gas from the surface matrix to the detection chamber 20 through the drainage pipe 30. After being detected by the temperature sensing module 13, humidity sensing module 14 and gas detection module 15, the gas is discharged from the gas outlet 21. The temperature sensing module 13, humidity sensing module 14 and gas detection module 15 transmit the detected data signals to the data processing module 12 for processing. During the detection process, the data processing module 12 transmits the processed data from the temperature sensing module 13 to the control module 11 in real time. The control module 11 controls the power of the heating module 16 and the air extraction module 17 according to the temperature data, so that they are within a suitable range, so as to obtain more accurate detection data.

[0033] The intelligent sensor for detecting surface substrate in low-temperature environments provided in this embodiment, compared with the prior art, can preheat the part to be detected in the surface substrate through the heating module 16, so that the temperature is within a suitable range. Even when the air temperature is low, more accurate data can be measured, so there is no need to add too many detection points, and it is also convenient to use. At the same time, through the temperature sensing module 13, humidity sensing module 14 and control module 11, not only can air humidity data be directly measured, but the influence of moisture content difference on the detection results can also be reduced through calculation and analysis. Moreover, the heating module 16 and the air exhaust module 17 can be intelligently adjusted according to the actual situation, which can further improve the accuracy of detection.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides some specific embodiments based on the first embodiment as follows.

[0035] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the intelligent sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments also includes an electronic control chamber and a display module 19. The electronic control chamber is sealed on or inside the detection chamber 20. The data processing module 12, control module 11, and power module 18 are all located inside the electronic control chamber, which can prevent or mitigate the malfunction of these electronic components due to moisture. The display module 19 is located outside the electronic control chamber or detection chamber 20 and is electrically connected to the control module 11 to display data. The display module 19 can be a display screen, touch screen, indicator light, speaker, or other module that outputs data or performs interactive functions.

[0036] like Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the airflow stabilization section is provided inside the airflow pipe 30. The airflow stabilization section adopts a structure such as a pressure regulating valve that can stabilize the airflow velocity. In one specific embodiment, the gas flow channel in the airflow stabilization section is a reverse Tesla valve structure 31.

[0037] The Tesla valve employs a directional loop flow channel. When fluid is introduced into the forward flow direction, the resistance within the channel is low, allowing for rapid passage. Conversely, when fluid is introduced into the reverse flow direction, the resistance is high, resulting in slow passage. Here, we design the stabilizing section within the inlet pipe 30 as a reverse Tesla valve structure. This not only eliminates moving parts and ensures structural stability but also prevents the inlet pipe 30 from becoming excessively thick, thus minimizing its impact on usability. The reverse Tesla valve structure also experiences less resistance when gas passes slowly, allowing for smooth passage. However, with larger gas volumes and higher velocities, the resistance is greater, preventing excessive gas velocity within the detection chamber 20. This contributes to improved airflow stability and enhanced detection performance.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the intelligent sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments also includes a circulation auxiliary pipe 40 and a switching mechanism 50. The circulation auxiliary pipe 40 is arranged parallel to the drainage pipe 30, with one end connected to the detection chamber 20 and communicating with the interior of the detection chamber 20. The switching mechanism 50 is located inside the detection chamber 20 and is used to switch between two states: closing the circulation auxiliary pipe 40 and opening the gas outlet 21, and opening the circulation auxiliary pipe 40 and closing the gas outlet 21. The switching mechanism 50 can be a gas path switching valve, a sliding switching valve, or a plate-type switching device, etc., capable of switching the gas path; it can be manual or electric.

[0039] By setting up the circulation auxiliary pipe 40 and the switching mechanism 50, it is possible to preheat the inside of the sensor and the surface substrate to be tested before detection, so as to obtain more accurate data in the subsequent detection process. The switching mechanism 50 can be any type of switching valve mechanism.

[0040] During preheating, the switching mechanism 50 is switched to the state where the circulation auxiliary pipe 40 is opened and the gas outlet 21 is closed. The heating module 16 and the exhaust module 17 are activated by the control module 11. At this time, the exhaust module 17 sends air in reverse, so that the gas, after being heated by the heating module 16, enters the part to be tested in the surface matrix from the lower end of the drainage pipe 30 for heat exchange. Then it is drawn in by the negative pressure of the circulation auxiliary pipe 40, and then enters the detection chamber 20 from the circulation auxiliary pipe 40, and then enters the drainage pipe 30, where it is heated again by the heating module 16. This cycle continues until the temperature sensing module 13 detects that the temperature in the detection chamber 20 has reached the preset value, thus completing the preheating. This maximizes the delivery of heat to the part to be tested in the surface matrix, and the gas flow is not blocked by the Tesla valve structure 31, which is conducive to rapid preheating.

[0041] During testing, the control module 11 switches the airflow direction of the exhaust module 17 and, depending on the situation, shuts off or reduces the power of the heating module 16. At this time, the exhaust module 17 delivers air in the forward direction, and simultaneously, the switching mechanism 50 switches to a state where the circulation auxiliary pipe 40 is closed and the gas outlet 21 is open. The exhaust module 17 then continuously draws gas from the surface matrix at the testing location into the testing chamber 20 through the drainage pipe 30. After being detected by the temperature sensing module 13, humidity sensing module 14, and gas detection module 15, the gas is discharged from the gas outlet 21. The temperature sensing module 13, humidity sensing module 14, and gas detection module 15 transmit the detected data signals to the data processing module 12 for processing. The processed data can then be transmitted to the display module 19 for the operator to see and record, or directly recorded in the data storage unit built into the data processing module 12 for subsequent export and analysis.

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, in one specific embodiment, the circulation auxiliary pipe 40 is connected to the bottom of the detection chamber 20, and the gas outlet 21 is located on the side wall of the detection chamber 20. This makes it easier for the operator to observe the gas discharge part. The switching mechanism 50 includes a V-shaped baffle 51, a push rod 52, and an elastic element 53. The V-shaped baffle 51 is rotatably disposed in the middle of the detection chamber 20, and its two ends are used to close the gas outlet 21 and the circulation auxiliary pipe 40 respectively. The distance between the two ends should be sufficient to alternately close the gas outlet 21 and the circulation auxiliary pipe 40. One end of the push rod 52 is connected to the V-shaped baffle 51, and the middle part is sealed to the bottom of the detection chamber 20 through a flexible sealing gasket. The other end extends to the outside of the detection chamber 20. The elastic element 53 is disposed between the push rod 52 and the outer wall of the detection chamber 20 to provide elasticity to keep the V-shaped baffle 51 in a natural state from closing the gas outlet 21. This allows the operator to easily control the preheating state by pressing the push rod 52 during the preheating phase, while the operator does not need to press the push rod 52 during the testing phase, thus avoiding interference with the reading of the test data.

[0043] like Figure 6 As shown, in another specific embodiment, the circulation auxiliary pipe 40 is connected to the bottom of the detection chamber 20, and the gas outlet 21 is located on the side wall of the detection chamber 20. This makes the gas discharge part easier for the operator to observe. The switching mechanism 50 includes a sliding baffle 54, a push rod 52, and an elastic element 53. The sliding baffle 54 is strip-shaped or L-shaped and is slidably disposed inside the detection chamber 20, used to alternately close the gas outlet 21 and the circulation auxiliary pipe 40. One end of the push rod 52 is connected to the sliding baffle 54, the middle part passes through the gas outlet 21 or through a hole provided on the detection chamber 20 and slides in cooperation, and the other end extends to the outside of the detection chamber 20. The elastic element 53 is disposed between the push rod 52 and the wall of the detection chamber 20, used to provide elasticity to keep the sliding baffle 54 closed at the gas outlet 21 in its natural state. The operator does not need to press the push rod 52 during the preheating state, but when performing the test, pressing the push rod 52 opens the gas outlet 21 and closes the circulation auxiliary pipe 40.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the second embodiment of the present invention provides a detection device including the aforementioned intelligent sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments. That is, the aforementioned intelligent sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments can be used independently as a detection device.

[0045] To further enhance safety and extend service life, the testing device also includes an outer sleeve 60, which is fitted over the drainage pipe 30 and has an insulation layer 61 between it and the drainage pipe 30 for insulation and vibration reduction. This prevents heat waste and reduces the impact of vibration on internal electronic components. The outer sleeve 60 has a cone 62 at the end furthest from the testing chamber 20 and a handle 63 at the end closest to the testing chamber 20, allowing it to be inserted into the surface substrate. The cone 62 has an air inlet 64, which is equipped with a filter assembly 65 to prevent surface substrate particles from entering the outer sleeve 60 and causing blockages that could affect testing. Specifically, the filter assembly 65 can be a finely pored stainless steel grid, or a filter box or filter layer filled with non-adsorbent or low-adsorbent stainless steel fibers, glass fibers, or other materials. The stainless steel used is a special type of stainless steel with a surface that has undergone silanization passivation or molten silicon treatment to form an inert surface.

[0046] After selecting the testing point, the operator holds the handle 63 and inserts the outer sleeve 60 into the surface substrate to the predetermined depth. Since the force of the handle 63 is directly transmitted to the cone 62 through the outer sleeve 60, it will not affect the smart sensor, thus reducing the possibility of damage to the smart sensor. In addition, when testing permafrost, if drilling difficulties occur, the above-mentioned heating method can be used to gradually heat and soften the surface permafrost layer, facilitating drilling.

[0047] Furthermore, during the preheating process, since there is almost no pressure difference between the inside and outside of the outer sleeve 60, and the filter component 65 itself can block gas exchange to a certain extent, heat is mainly transferred to the matrix through thermal conduction via the outer sleeve 60. Therefore, the outer sleeve 60, at least at the drilling end, is made of high thermal conductivity materials such as steel or aluminum alloy to improve thermal conductivity. Because VOCs in the gas are sensitive to the problem, they are difficult to precipitate at low temperatures but easily decompose at high temperatures. Therefore, a layer of high specific heat capacity thermally conductive material can be attached to the inner side of the drilling end of the outer sleeve 60 to make the outward heat transfer more stable. Alternatively, when heated, the heating module 16 can be set to use low power and low temperature heating, so that the temperature of the drilling end of the outer sleeve 60 can be maintained in the range of 10℃-30℃. Low-temperature, long-term preheating heats the nearby matrix at low temperatures, forming a detection zone with a diameter of 10-50cm and an average temperature of 5℃-20℃, preventing the tested object from decomposing due to heat.

[0048] Because the soil and other substrates themselves, as well as the filter component 65, strongly impede gas flow, even if a small amount of gas in the substrate surrounding the air inlet 64 of the outer tube 60 exchanges with the gas inside the outer tube 60, it will not have a significant impact. During the detection process, the suction effect of the air extraction module 17 creates a negative pressure in the outer tube 60, thereby drawing gas from the substrate to the detection area. This principle is the same as existing soil gas micro-disturbance detection equipment. Therefore, to reduce the impact of gas exchange and mixing on the detection results, the usage method of existing soil gas micro-disturbance detection equipment can be referenced. The extracted gas from the initial stage can be discharged, and the gas in the middle and later stages can be directly detected. The actual amount of gas discharged can be determined within a reasonable range through multiple experiments. Alternatively, data on all discharged gases can be recorded in real time, more accurate data can be obtained through calculation, or an error compensation value can be determined after multiple experiments to compensate for errors.

[0049] In some specific embodiments, the cone head 62 is provided with spiral fins 66 on its exterior, and the air inlet 64 is located at the tail end of the cone head 62 and between the spiral fins 66. This reduces the possibility of damaging the filter assembly 65 when drilling into the surface substrate and reduces the possibility of surface substrate particles entering and clogging the air inlet 64.

[0050] Furthermore, to detect deeper locations within the surface matrix, the outer casing 60 includes a primary section and multiple extension tubes. A handle 63 is located on the primary section. Each extension tube includes an extended outer tube, an extended inner tube, and an extended filling layer. The extended filling layer is positioned between the extended outer and inner tubes. The extended outer tube is detachably connected to the primary section, adjacent extension tubes, and the cone 62. The extended inner tube connects to the drainage pipe 30 or an adjacent extended inner tube. This allows for selection of the number of extension tubes based on the required detection depth, thereby adjusting the overall length of the outer casing 60 and facilitating disassembly, transport, and handling. Simultaneously, this extension method further enhances the detection depth, enabling detection at deeper locations within the surface matrix, depending on soil conditions. The maximum expected detection depth is 30 meters.

[0051] In summary, the intelligent sensor and detection device for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments provided by this invention can overcome the limitations of use in low-temperature environments through "composite protection + active temperature control". It is applicable to various soil structures in surface matrix from 0 to 30 meters. At the same time, it can solve the problems of vibration and data interference from two dimensions: "structural vibration reduction" and "data filtering", ensuring the reliability of data in various scenarios.

[0052] Furthermore, the positions, proportions, and specifications of the components in the embodiments and accompanying drawings of this application are only for clearly illustrating the inventive concept of this application. Based on the inventive concept of this application, those skilled in the art can refer to other prior art and make adjustments according to their needs for the specific implementation methods and the positions, proportions, and specifications of the components.

[0053] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments, characterized in that, include: The detection chamber (20) is equipped with a gas inlet and a gas outlet (21); The drainage tube (30) is connected at one end to the detection chamber (20) and communicates with the gas inlet; An exhaust module (17) is provided on the gas inlet or inside the exhaust pipe (30); A heating module (16) is located at one end of the drainage pipe (30) away from the detection chamber (20) and is used to preheat the surface substrate; a temperature sensing module (13) is located inside the detection chamber (20) and is used to detect the temperature of the gas flowing through the detection chamber (20); A humidity sensing module (14) is installed inside the detection chamber (20) to detect the humidity of the gas flowing through the detection chamber (20); A gas detection module (15) is installed inside the detection chamber (20) and is used to detect the content of a specific component in the gas flowing through the detection chamber (20); The data processing module (12) is electrically connected to the temperature sensing module (13), the humidity sensing module (14) and the gas detection module (15) respectively, and is used to process data signals; The control module (11) is electrically connected to the air-expelling module (17), the heating module (16) and the data processing module (12) respectively, and is used to adjust the working status of the heating module and the air-expelling module according to the temperature data; The power module (18) is electrically connected to the control module (11) and is used to supply power.

2. The intelligent sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments also includes: The electrical control compartment is sealed on or inside the detection compartment (20), and the data processing module (12), the control module (11) and the power supply module (18) are all located inside the electrical control compartment; The display module (19) is located outside the electrical control compartment or the detection compartment (20) and is electrically connected to the control module (11) to display data.

3. The intelligent sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipe (30) is provided with a stabilizing section, and the gas flow channel in the stabilizing section has a reverse Tesla valve structure (31).

4. The intelligent sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments as described in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The intelligent sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments also includes: A circulation auxiliary tube (40) is arranged in parallel with the drainage tube (30), and one end is connected to the detection chamber (20) and communicates with the inside of the detection chamber (20); A switching mechanism (50) is provided in the detection chamber (20) for switching between two states: closing the circulation auxiliary pipe (40) and opening the gas outlet (21), and opening the circulation auxiliary pipe (40) and closing the gas outlet (21).

5. The intelligent sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The circulation auxiliary pipe (40) is connected to the bottom of the detection chamber (20), the gas outlet (21) is located on the side wall of the detection chamber (20), and the switching mechanism (50) includes: A V-shaped baffle (51) is rotatably installed in the detection chamber (20) at the middle, and its two ends are used to close the gas outlet (21) and the circulation auxiliary pipe (40) respectively. The distance between the two ends must be sufficient to close the gas outlet (21) and the circulation auxiliary pipe (40) alternately. The push rod (52) is connected at one end to the V-shaped baffle (51), and the middle part is sealed to the bottom of the detection chamber (20) through a flexible sealing gasket. The other end extends to the outside of the detection chamber (20). An elastic element (53) is provided between the push rod (52) and the outer wall of the detection chamber (20) to provide elastic force to keep the V-shaped baffle (51) closed in its natural state.

6. A detection device, characterized in that, Including the smart sensor for detecting surface matrix in low-temperature environments as described in any one of claims 1-5.

7. The detection device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The detection device further includes: An outer tube (60) is fitted over the outside of the drainage tube (30) and a heat-insulating filling layer (61) is provided between the outer tube (60) and the drainage tube (30). A cone (62) is provided at one end of the outer tube (60) away from the detection chamber (20), and a handle (63) is provided at the other end near the detection chamber (20). An air inlet (64) is provided on the cone (62), and a filter assembly (65) is provided on the air inlet (64).

8. The detection device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The cone (62) is provided with spiral fins (66) on the outside, and the air inlet (64) is located at the tail end of the cone (62) and between the spiral fins (66).

9. The detection device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The outer tube (60) includes a first section tube and multiple extension tubes. The handle (63) is provided on the first section tube. The extension tube includes an extension outer tube, an extension inner tube and an extension filling layer. The extension filling layer is provided between the extension outer tube and the extension inner tube. The extension outer tube is used to detachably connect with the first section tube, the adjacent extension tube and the cone (62). The extension inner tube is used to connect with the drainage tube (30) or the adjacent extension inner tube.

Images