Energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner for perforating bullet and preparation method of energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of alloy shaped charge liners for perforating bullets, and particularly discloses an energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner for a perforating bullet and a preparation method of the energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner for the perforating bullet to solve the problems that when an alloy shaped charge liner is prepared through an existing Zr-Ti-Nb composite material system, a blank is prone to expanding and cracking, and the dynamic tensile property of a product is insufficient. Comprising the following steps: S1, respectively taking zirconium powder, niobium powder, titanium powder and TiH2 powder, and mixing to obtain a premix; s2, taking the premix, and performing dry bag static pressure to obtain a dry bag static pressure blank; s3, the dry bag static pressure blank is taken and subjected to stepped hydrogen control sintering, and a hydrogen control sintering blank is obtained; s4, the hydrogen-controlled sintered blank is taken and placed in an argon atmosphere, heating and pressure sintering are conducted, and a hot isostatic pressing sintered blank is obtained; and S5, the hot isostatic pressing sintered blank is subjected to oil quenching at the temperature of 1050 + / -50 DEG C, and the energy release alloy shaped charge liner for the perforating bullet is obtained. And meanwhile, multiple processes such as oil quenching heat treatment are combined, the energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner of the full-beta-phase structure can be stably obtained, and the effects such as the sneaking effect and the chambering effect can be achieved on the premise that the penetrating depth of a perforating bullet is not reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of alloy shaped charge liner technology for perforating projectiles, and more specifically, to an energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner for perforating projectiles and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Perforating projectiles are specialized pyrotechnics used in oil and gas development to penetrate casing, cement sheaths, and formations. Their core principle is the shaped charge effect, where a conical shaped charge liner focuses the explosive energy to create a high-speed metal jet for efficient perforation. The main structural components of a perforating projectile include the cartridge case, explosive, detonation system, and shaped charge liner. The alloy shaped charge liner's crucial role is to be crushed upon detonation to form a high-speed metal jet, reaching speeds of up to 1000 m / s. The performance of the alloy shaped charge liner determines the perforation depth, aperture size, and channel quality; it is considered the "heart" of the perforating projectile.

[0003] According to patent publication number CN115164648A, a TiZrVNbAl-based energetic high-entropy alloy liner and its preparation method are provided, specifically including the following steps: (1) Clean elemental raw materials Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Al and M are placed in a melting furnace, vacuumed and filled with inert gas as a protective gas, and then alloyed and melted to obtain an energetic high-entropy alloy ingot with uniform composition; (2) Under the protection of inert gas, the energetic high-entropy alloy ingot is heated and remelted into an alloy liquid, and the alloy is prepared according to the desired composition. The shape and size of the gold cover are determined by pouring the remelted alloy liquid into the corresponding mold for molding to obtain an energetic high-entropy alloy shaped charge blank; (3) the energetic high-entropy alloy shaped charge blank is placed under vacuum or inert gas protection conditions, first heated to 900~1100℃ for solid solution treatment for 1~12h, then cooled, then heated to 700~900℃ for aging treatment for 1~12h, then cooled again, and finally the machining allowance is removed by mechanical processing to obtain the TiZrVNbAl system energetic high-entropy alloy shaped charge of the desired shape.

[0004] However, although existing technologies have proposed using Zr-Ti-Nb composite material systems to prepare alloy shaped charges, in actual production processes, there are problems such as the blank being prone to expansion and cracking during high-temperature treatments such as sintering, and the resulting alloy shaped charge products have insufficient dynamic tensile properties. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of easy expansion and cracking of blanks and insufficient dynamic tensile properties of products when preparing alloy shaped charges using existing Zr-Ti-Nb composite material systems.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for preparing an energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner for a perforating projectile, comprising the following steps: S1 Take zirconium powder, niobium powder, titanium powder and TiH2 powder respectively, mix them to obtain a premix; S2 Take the premixed material and perform dry bag static pressing to obtain the dry bag static pressing blank; S3 Take the dry bag static pressing blank and perform stepped hydrogen-controlled sintering to obtain the hydrogen-controlled sintered blank; S4 controlled hydrogen sintered blank is placed in an argon atmosphere, heated and pressurized, and hot isostatic pressing is performed to obtain a hot isostatic pressing sintered blank. S5 The hot isostatically pressed sintered billet is placed at 1050±50℃ for oil quenching and cooling to obtain the energy-releasing alloy liner for the perforating projectile.

[0007] Preferably, in step S1, the raw materials, by mass fraction, include 65-80% zirconium powder, 15-25% niobium powder, 5-10% titanium powder, and 6-15% titanium source, wherein the titanium source includes TiH2 powder, and the particle size of the raw materials is ≤10.5μm.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the holding pressure of the dry bag static pressure is 200±20MPa, and the holding time is 300±20s.

[0009] Preferably, in step S3, the specific process of stepped controlled hydrogen sintering is as follows: S3.1 Heating from room temperature to 500±20℃ at a heating rate of 5±1℃ / min; S3.2 Heating from 500±20℃ to 700±20℃ at a heating rate of 1±0.5℃ / min; S3.3 Heating from 700±20℃ to 800±20℃ at a heating rate of 1±0.5℃ / min; S3.4 Heating from 800±20℃ to 1110±20℃ at a heating rate of 2±0.5℃ / min; S3.5 Heat from 1110±20℃ to 1550±20℃ at a heating rate of 3±1℃ / min, and hold for 2-5 hours; S3.6 The temperature was lowered from 1550±20℃ to room temperature at a cooling rate of 5±1℃ / min to obtain a hydrogen-controlled sintered blank.

[0010] Preferably, in step S3.3, the temperature is first kept constant at 700±20℃ for 60±10 min, and then heated.

[0011] Preferably, in step S4, during hot isostatic pressing sintering, the sintering temperature is 1200±100℃, the sintering pressure is 100±10MPa, and the sintering time is 3-5h.

[0012] Preferably, in step S5, the oil quenching time is 70-100 min and the cooling rate is 200±20℃ / s.

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention combines multiple processes, including dry bag static pressing, stepped controlled hydrogen sintering, hot isostatic pressing sintering, and oil quenching, to stably obtain an energy-releasing alloy liner with a fully β-phase microstructure. This allows for incendiary action and hole-enlarging effects without reducing the penetration depth of the perforating projectile, enabling combustion within the perforation channel and achieving channel cleaning. Furthermore, the titanium source used in this invention includes TiH2 powder, or a mixture of titanium powder and TiH2 powder as needed. By combining the raw materials with the aforementioned processing techniques, a uniform microstructure and a fully β-phase energy-releasing alloy liner for perforating projectiles can be obtained, meeting the demands of more and higher-performance applications. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the polyurethane dry bag static pressure mold in this invention; Figure 2 This is a 200x scanning electron microscope image of the energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner for the perforating projectile in Example 1. Figure 3 This is a 200x scanning electron microscope image of the energy-releasing alloy liner used for the perforating projectile in Comparative Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are performed according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer; where the manufacturers of the instruments, equipment, reagents, or raw materials used are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0016] This invention provides an energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner for perforating projectiles. By mass fraction, the raw materials include 65-80% zirconium powder, 15-25% niobium powder, and 6-15% titanium source. The titanium source includes TiH2 powder. Those skilled in the art can selectively mix pure titanium powder into the titanium source, and control the particle size of the raw material powder to be ≤10.5μm.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner for the perforating projectile, comprising the following steps: (1) Powder mixing Take the raw material powders of each component according to the specified amount, and use a V-type mixer to mix for 30-48 hours to obtain the premix.

[0018] (2) Static pressure of dry bags like Figure 1As shown, this is the polyurethane dry bag static pressure mold used in this invention. The outer mold is a polyurethane conical mold, and the inner mold is a rigid conical mold. The mold taper range is 48°-72°. The two are joined together to form a set of isostatic pressing molds with a central cavity. Powder is filled from the filling port at the top of the outer mold. The rigid inner mold and the polyurethane outer mold are designed with variable taper to ensure that the taper difference after sintering is ≤2°.

[0019] The conical surface of the polyurethane dry bag static pressing mold adopts an arc surface design. Because the powder density is lowest at the waist of the blank, if the mold is designed as a straight cone, the waist will collapse after pressing. Therefore, the cavity at the waist is increased to compensate for the amount of powder in the waist, so that the pressed blank has a flat conical surface. The specific structure of the polyurethane dry bag static pressing mold can be referred to the applicant's published utility model patent CN202322083745.6, "A Mold for Improving the Uniformity of Wall Thickness of Titanium-Based Drug Forming Blank".

[0020] The premixed material is placed in a polyurethane dry bag isostatic pressing mold, and the holding pressure is controlled at 200±20MPa and the holding time is 300±20s to perform dry bag static pressing. The pressure is then released in steps from 90MPa to 50MPa to obtain the dry bag static pressing preform.

[0021] (3) Stepped hydrogen-controlled sintering The dry-bag statically pressed preform was subjected to stepped hydrogen-controlled sintering under the following temperature and other conditions: 3.1 The temperature was increased from room temperature to 500±20℃ at a heating rate of 5±1℃ / min. During this stage, TiH2 had not yet begun to decompose. 3.2 Heating from 500±20℃ to 700±20℃ at a heating rate of 1±0.5℃ / min, during which slow release begins; 3.3 After being kept at a constant temperature of 700±20℃ for 50-150 min, the temperature is then increased from 700±20℃ to 800±20℃ at a heating rate of 1±0.5℃ / min. During this stage of intense hydrogen release, the hydrogen release rate can be controlled by heat preservation treatment. 3.4 The temperature was increased from 800±20℃ to 1110±20℃ at a heating rate of 2±0.5℃ / min. During this stage, the hydrogen release rate slowed down. 3.5 Heat the material at a rate of 3±1℃ / min from 1110±20℃ to 1550±20℃, hold for 2-5 hours, and then sinter. 3.6 The temperature was lowered from 1550±20℃ to room temperature at a cooling rate of 5±1℃ / min to obtain a hydrogen-controlled sintered billet.

[0022] This invention achieves the effect of regulating the hydrogen release and activation sintering of TiH2 by controlling temperature conditions. Precise temperature control can reduce the hydrogen release rate of TiH2 decomposition and avoid sintering cracking.

[0023] (4) Hot isostatic pressing sintering The hydrogen-controlled sintered billet was placed in an argon atmosphere and sintered for 3-5 hours at 1200±100℃ and 100±10MPa to close the micropores generated by the stepped hydrogen-controlled sintering. The density of the hydrogen-controlled sintered billet was approximately 6.59 g / cm³. 3 After hot isostatic pressing and sintering, the density can be increased to 6.66 g / cm³. 3 The above processes yield hot isostatic pressing sintered blanks.

[0024] (5) Oil quenching phase transformation The hot isostatically pressed sintered billet is oil-quenched at 1050±50℃ for 70-100 min at a cooling rate of 200±20℃ / s to lock the all-cubic phase (β phase) and obtain the energy-releasing alloy liner for the perforating projectile.

[0025] Example 1 Step 1: Take 69.66 wt% zirconium powder, 21.88 wt% niobium powder, 5.92 wt% titanium powder and 2.54 wt% TiH2 powder by mass fraction, put them into a V-type mixer and mix for 36 hours.

[0026] Step 2: Use a polyurethane dry bag static pressure mold to apply 200MPa dry bag static pressure for 5 minutes.

[0027] Step 3: Then, heat the temperature from room temperature to 500℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, then heat it from 500℃ to 700℃ at a heating rate of 1℃ / min, and then hold it at 700℃ for 120 min. Next, heat the temperature from 700℃ to 800℃ at a heating rate of 1℃ / min, then heat it from 800℃ to 1110℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ / min, and then heat it from 1110℃ to 1550℃ at a heating rate of 3℃ / min. Hold the temperature for 2-5 h, and finally cool it from 1550±20℃ to room temperature at a cooling rate of 5±1℃ / min. This completes the stepped hydrogen-controlled sintering.

[0028] Step 4: Place it in an argon atmosphere and sinter at 1200℃ and 100MPa for 4 hours.

[0029] Step 5: Perform oil quenching at 1050℃ for 90 minutes, and control the cooling rate at 200℃ / s to obtain the energy-releasing alloy liner for the perforating projectile.

[0030] Example 2 Step 1: Take 69.66 wt% zirconium powder, 21.88 wt% niobium powder and 8.46 wt% TiH2 powder by mass fraction, place them in a V-type mixer and mix for 36 hours.

[0031] Step 2: Use a polyurethane dry bag static pressure mold to apply 200MPa dry bag static pressure for 5 minutes.

[0032] Step 3: Then, heat the temperature from room temperature to 500℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, then heat it from 500℃ to 700℃ at a heating rate of 1℃ / min, and then hold it at 700℃ for 120 min. Next, heat the temperature from 700℃ to 800℃ at a heating rate of 1℃ / min, then heat it from 800℃ to 1110℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ / min, and then heat it from 1110℃ to 1550℃ at a heating rate of 3℃ / min. Hold the temperature for 2-5 h, and finally cool it from 1550±20℃ to room temperature at a cooling rate of 5±1℃ / min. This completes the stepped hydrogen-controlled sintering.

[0033] Step 4: Place it in an argon atmosphere and sinter at 1200℃ and 100MPa for 4 hours.

[0034] Step 5: Perform oil quenching at 1050℃ for 90 minutes, and control the cooling rate at 200℃ / s to obtain the energy-releasing alloy liner for the perforating projectile.

[0035] Example 3 Step 1: Take 69.16wt% zirconium powder, 21.38wt% niobium powder, 5.92wt% titanium powder and 3.54wt% TiH2 powder by mass fraction, put them into a V-type mixer and mix for 36 hours.

[0036] Step 2: Use a polyurethane dry bag static pressure mold to apply 200MPa dry bag static pressure for 5 minutes.

[0037] Step 3: Then, heat the temperature from room temperature to 500℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, then heat it from 500℃ to 700℃ at a heating rate of 1℃ / min, and then hold it at 700℃ for 120 min. Next, heat the temperature from 700℃ to 800℃ at a heating rate of 1℃ / min, then heat it from 800℃ to 1110℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ / min, and then heat it from 1110℃ to 1550℃ at a heating rate of 3℃ / min. Hold the temperature for 2-5 h, and finally cool it from 1550±20℃ to room temperature at a cooling rate of 5±1℃ / min. This completes the stepped hydrogen-controlled sintering.

[0038] Step 4: Place it in an argon atmosphere and sinter at 1200℃ and 100MPa for 4 hours.

[0039] Step 5: Perform oil quenching at 1050℃ for 90 minutes, and control the cooling rate at 200℃ / s to obtain the energy-releasing alloy liner for the perforating projectile.

[0040] Comparative Example 1 Step 1: Take 69.66 wt% zirconium powder, 21.88 wt% niobium powder and 8.46 wt% titanium powder by mass fraction, place them in a V-type mixer and mix for 36 hours.

[0041] Step 2: Use a polyurethane dry bag static pressure mold to apply 200MPa dry bag static pressure for 5 minutes.

[0042] Step 3: Under an argon atmosphere, directly heat to 1510℃ at a rate of 6℃ / min and hold for sintering for 4 hours.

[0043] Step 4: Perform oil quenching at 1050℃ for 90 minutes, and control the cooling rate at 200℃ / s to obtain the energy-releasing alloy liner for the perforating projectile.

[0044] After testing, the energy-releasing alloy liner for the perforating projectile prepared in this comparative example has a compressive strength of 2023 MPa, an elongation after fracture of 10.96%, and a dynamic ballistic penetration depth of about 35 cm (copper target).

[0045] Test case (1) Regarding the process of preparing the energy-releasing alloy shaped charge in Example 1, the phase composition of the billet before and after the oil quenching phase transformation was detected, and the results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1. Results of phase composition analysis of billets before and after oil quenching phase transformation (by volume).

[0046] (2) The energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liners for the perforating projectiles prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were taken as samples, and the porosity of the two samples was observed by a 200x scanning electron microscope. The results are as follows: Figure 2-3 As shown, Figure 2 This is a 200x scanning electron microscope image of the energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner for the perforating projectile in Example 1. Figure 3 This is a 200x scanning electron microscope image of the energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner used in the perforated projectile in Comparative Example 1. From... Figure 2-3 It can be seen that the energy-releasing alloy liner for the perforating projectile prepared in Example 1 using a titanium source including TiH2 powder has a porosity that is reduced by about 30% compared to Comparative Example 1 which only uses titanium powder as a titanium source.

[0047] (3) The energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner for the perforating projectile prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were taken as samples, and their material properties and performance were tested. The results are summarized in Table 2 below: Table 2 Performance test results of different samples

[0048] The above experiments and results show that the titanium source used in Examples 1-3 contains titanium hydride, resulting in products with higher dynamic ballistic penetration depth, greater compressive strength, and greater elongation after fracture. This demonstrates that the present invention, by using a titanium source containing TiH2 powder and combining multiple processes such as dry bag static pressing, stepped controlled hydrogen sintering, hot isostatic pressing, and oil quenching, can produce energy-releasing alloy liner products for perforating projectiles that possess significantly superior mechanical properties and perforating projectile penetration performance. It also avoids expansion cracking of the blank during the sintering process and improves the dynamic tensile properties of the product, thus meeting the application requirements for higher performance.

[0049] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner for a perforating projectile, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 Take zirconium powder, niobium powder, titanium powder and TiH2 powder respectively, mix them to obtain a premix; S2 Take the premixed material and perform dry bag static pressing to obtain the dry bag static pressing blank; S3 Take the dry bag static pressing blank and perform stepped hydrogen-controlled sintering to obtain the hydrogen-controlled sintered blank; S4 controlled hydrogen sintered blank is placed in an argon atmosphere, heated and pressurized, and hot isostatic pressing is performed to obtain a hot isostatic pressing sintered blank. S5 The hot isostatically pressed sintered billet is placed at 1050±50℃ for oil quenching and cooling to obtain the energy-releasing alloy liner for the perforating projectile.

2. The method for preparing the energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner for the perforating projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the raw materials, by mass fraction, include 65-80% zirconium powder, 15-25% niobium powder, and 6-15% titanium source, the titanium source including TiH2 powder, and the particle size of the raw materials is ≤10.5μm.

3. The method for preparing the energy-releasing alloy liner for the perforating projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the holding pressure of the dry bag static pressure is 200±20MPa, and the holding time is 300±20s.

4. The method for preparing the energy-releasing alloy liner for the perforating projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the specific process of stepped controlled hydrogen sintering is as follows: S3.1 Heating from room temperature to 500±20℃ at a heating rate of 5±1℃ / min; S3.2 Heating from 500±20℃ to 700±20℃ at a heating rate of 1±0.5℃ / min; S3.3 Heating from 700±20℃ to 800±20℃ at a heating rate of 1±0.5℃ / min; S3.4 Heating from 800±20℃ to 1110±20℃ at a heating rate of 2±0.5℃ / min; S3.5 Heat from 1110±20℃ to 1550±20℃ at a heating rate of 3±1℃ / min, and hold for 2-5 hours; S3.6 The temperature was lowered from 1550±20℃ to room temperature at a cooling rate of 5±1℃ / min to obtain a hydrogen-controlled sintered blank.

5. The method for preparing the energy-releasing alloy liner for the perforating projectile according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S3.3, the temperature is first kept constant at 700±20℃ for 50-150 minutes, and then heated up.

6. The method for preparing the energy-releasing alloy shaped charge liner for the perforating projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, during hot isostatic pressing sintering, the sintering temperature is 1200±100℃, the sintering pressure is 100±10MPa, and the sintering time is 3-5h.

7. The method for preparing the energy-releasing alloy liner for the perforating projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the oil quenching time is 70-100 min and the cooling rate is 200±20℃ / s.

8. A shaped charge liner for a perforating projectile prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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