Large-bearing, low-impact, automatic-resetting and reusable point type connection and separation actuating structure
By using a point-type connection and separation actuation structure driven by pyrotechnic gas, combined with nut and bolt engagement, pressure isolation and filtration, and a conical structure, the complex connection and high impact of spacecraft structures are solved, achieving a highly efficient, low-impact, and reusable separation function.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511780432.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing spacecraft structure connection and separation devices suffer from problems such as complex device coordination, large installation space, heavy weight, low reliability, large impact, and non-reusability.
The point-connected and separating actuation mechanism driven by pyrotechnic gas achieves high tonnage load through the engagement of nuts and bolts, uses a pressure-isolation filter structure to reduce impact, adopts a pressure relief structure to achieve automatic reset function, and uses a conical structure to achieve shear resistance.
It achieves efficient connection, low-impact separation, automatic reset and reusability, improving connection efficiency and reliability.
Smart Images
Figure CN121469902A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of spacecraft structures, and in particular to a high-load, low-impact, automatically reset, reusable point-connected separation actuation structure. Background Technology
[0002] Aerospace structures encompass various scenarios requiring connection, separation, and thrust functions, including separation of spacecraft / rocket, separation of inter-stage structures, and deployment of wing and rudder structures. As the weight of aerospace payloads increases, the demand for structural connection tonnage becomes increasingly urgent; simultaneously, the development and application of commercial aerospace places higher demands on the low cost and reusability of structural mechanisms.
[0003] Due to the relatively weak strength of the separation structure or the sensitivity of nearby equipment components, there is a need for applications requiring weak impact resistance. Previously, strong-connection explosive bolts and similar methods were used, but this involved multiple devices working in coordination, complex timing controls for unlocking and pushing actions, a complex system composition, large installation space, heavy weight, low reliability, and issues with the devices having large impact forces and being designed for single-use applications. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a high-load, low-impact, reusable point-type connection and separation actuation structure with automatic reset. This structure is a reusable point-type connection and separation actuation mechanism driven by pyrotechnic gas. It adopts a nut and bolt meshing mechanism to achieve high tonnage load, a pressure isolation and filtration structure to reduce the impact at the pyrotechnic gas source, a pressure relief structure combined with spring actuation balance to achieve automatic reset function, and a conical structure to achieve shear resistance.
[0005] In the first aspect, a high-load-bearing, low-impact, automatically reset, reusable point-type connection and separation actuation structure is provided, including bolts, base body, pressure ring, nut, first piston cylinder, piston rod, second piston cylinder, housing, spring, and gas generator; the separation actuation structure is used to realize the separation actuation of connected part a and connected part b;
[0006] The pressure ring is a rotating structure used to connect with the connected part a; the center of the pressure ring has a through hole, and one side of the through hole has a stepped hole, which is used for positioning and mounting the base.
[0007] The substrate has a first recessed groove away from the connected component b, and a second recessed groove near the connected component b. The first and second recessed grooves are connected through a central through-hole in the substrate.
[0008] The housing passes through the through hole of the pressure ring and is set in the first recess of the base; the outer periphery of the housing is threadedly engaged with the inner side of the first recess of the base;
[0009] The second groove of the base body is used for positioning and mounting of the bolt; the first end of the bolt is connected with the connected member b; the stepped portion of the bolt abuts against the groove bottom of the second groove; the second end of the bolt passes through the central through hole of the base body;
[0010] The nut is a split structure, and the first piston cylinder is further arranged in the shell in addition to the nut; in the locked state of the separation actuating structure, the second end of the bolt is matched with the nut in the shell; the outer circle of the nut is supported and constrained by the inner wall of the first piston cylinder; in the unlocked state of the separation actuating structure, the nut is separated from the threaded connection with the bolt, and the outer circle of the nut is no longer supported and matched with the inner wall of the first piston cylinder;
[0011] In addition to the nut and the first piston cylinder, the shell further comprises a piston rod, a second piston cylinder and a spring; the second piston cylinder is a rotary body structure; the first end of the second piston cylinder is threadedly connected with the first piston cylinder; the shell protrudes inwardly at the end away from the bolt to form a mounting portion; the spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the mounting portion of the shell and abuts against the end face of the second end of the second piston cylinder; the second end of the second piston cylinder has a through hole in the center thereof, and the mounting portion of the shell is inserted into the central through hole of the second end of the second piston cylinder and is sealingly connected through a sealing ring;
[0012] The piston rod is arranged in the second piston cylinder and can move relative to the second piston cylinder; the shell has a through hole penetrating the mounting portion at the end away from the bolt; the piston rod has a gas containing cavity facing the mounting portion of the shell; the gas generator is fixed at the end of the shell away from the bolt and is used for blowing gas into the gas containing cavity of the piston rod through the through hole penetrating the mounting portion; the outer periphery of the piston rod is sealingly connected with the inner wall of the second piston cylinder through a sealing ring; the opening size of the gas containing cavity of the piston rod is greater than the hole diameter of the central through hole of the second end of the second piston cylinder.
[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, in the locked state of the separation actuating structure, the first end of the piston rod abuts against the end face of the second end of the bolt, and the second end of the piston rod abuts against the inner end face of the second end of the second piston cylinder; the gas output by the gas generator enters the gas containing cavity of the piston rod through the through hole of the mounting portion of the shell; the thrust of the gas acts on the inner end face of the second end of the second piston cylinder; the spring is compressed under the action of the gas force, and the second piston cylinder drags the first piston cylinder to move away from the bolt, so as to release the support and constraint of the first piston cylinder on the nut, and further to unlock the separation actuating structure;
[0014] In the unlocked state of the separation actuating structure, the piston rod moves relative to the second piston cylinder under the action of the gas generator and pushes the bolt, and further separates the connected member a and the connected member b.
[0015] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the side wall of the second piston cylinder has a pressure relief hole, which is located at the end of the stroke of the piston rod; when the pressure in the sealed cavity formed by the piston rod, the second piston cylinder and the shell is less than the spring force, the second piston cylinder pushes the first piston cylinder to reset under the action of the spring, re-imposes the reset and constraint of the first piston cylinder on the nut, and realizes the automatic reset function of the structure.
[0016] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the inner side of the first piston cylinder has a first piston ring rib and a second piston ring rib in the axial direction; the outer periphery of the nut has a first nut ring rib and a second nut ring rib in the axial direction.
[0017] In the locked state of the separation actuation structure, the first piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder is supported and constrained by the first nut ring rib of the nut, and the second piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder is supported and constrained by the second nut ring rib of the nut.
[0018] In the unlocked state of the separation actuation structure, the first piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder is disengaged from the first nut ring rib of the nut and falls into the space between the first nut ring rib and the second nut ring rib of the nut; the second nut ring rib of the nut is disengaged from the second piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder and falls into the space between the first piston ring rib and the second piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder.
[0019] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the side of the first piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder facing the bolt has a chamfer, the side of the second piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder facing the bolt has a chamfer, the side of the first nut ring rib of the nut away from the bolt has a chamfer, and the side of the second nut ring rib of the nut away from the bolt has a chamfer.
[0020] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the inner side of the first piston cylinder further has a third piston ring rib, which is located on the side of the second piston ring rib away from the bolt, the third piston ring rib realizes the positioning of the nut through the end face facing the bolt, the third piston ring rib realizes the movement guidance of the piston rod through the inner side wall, and the third piston ring rib realizes the in-place braking of the piston rod through the end face away from the bolt.
[0021] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the structure outside the base body is a conical structure, and the anti-shearing and positioning anti-movement functions with the connected part a are realized through the cylindrical part and the conical part.
[0022] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the separation actuation structure further comprises a shock-absorbing ring; the shock-absorbing ring is installed between the shell and the second piston cylinder; an energy-absorbing damping material such as rubber is used to realize the shock-absorbing and impact-reducing effects of the second piston cylinder when it hits the shell under the action of the gas generator.
[0023] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the separation actuation structure further comprises a pressure isolation net; the pressure isolation net is installed on the shell and located at the front end of the gas outlet of the gas generator; the pressure isolation net is made of green honeycomb impact isolation material and serves to isolate pressure and filter high-pressure gas.
[0024] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the separation actuation structure is further used for equivalent simulation test verification.
[0025] The equivalent simulation trolley is connected to the component a, and the equivalent simulation trolley is connected to the component b through a fixed support; the equivalence is verified by measuring the speed of the equivalent simulation trolley; and the equivalent simulation trolley is designed in combination with the mass, center of mass, modulus, translational resistance or rotational radius of the component a.
[0026] The present application aims to overcome the problems of low coordination and bearing capacity of multiple devices in the prior art and large working impact, and proposes a large-tonnage bearing, low-impact separation automatically resettable reusable point-type connection separation actuation structure, which solves the problems of low connection efficiency, large separation impact and inability to reuse.
[0027] The present application aims to overcome the problems of low connection efficiency, large separation impact and inability to reuse in the prior art, and proposes a large-tonnage bearing achieved by using a nut and bolt engagement mechanism, a source impact reduction achieved by using a pressure isolation and filtering structure, an automatically resettable function achieved by using an in-place pressure relief structure in cooperation with a spring actuation balance, and a shear resistance achieved by using a conical structure.
[0028] Compared with the prior art, the scheme provided by the present application has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
[0029] (1) High connection efficiency, the multi-flap nut and bolt structure is used, and large bearing is achieved by connecting threads, so that the connection efficiency is high.
[0030] (2) Small unlocking impact, the reverse pulling type unlocking and straight pushing type pushing mechanism are used, the unlocking and pushing directions are opposite, and the shock absorbing ring and pressure isolation net are used to reduce the source shock and path impact.
[0031] (3) Automatic reset, the structure is automatically reset after work by using structure limiting and gas pressure relief, and the reusable capability of the product is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0032] Figure 1 is a structural outline drawing.
[0033] Figure 2 is a structural connection sectional view.
[0034] Figure 3 is a structural simulation connection installation schematic view.
[0035] Figure 4 is a structural unlocking cross-sectional view.
[0036] Figure 5 is a structural push-pull cross-sectional view.
[0037] Figure 6 is a structural reset cross-sectional view.
[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a conical shear-resistant structure.
[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a pressure-isolating filter structure.
[0040] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a structural equivalent simulation test verification platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0041] The application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0042] As shown in Figure 1 , the application provides a large-tonnage bearing, low-impact separation, and automatically resettable reusable point connection separation actuation structure. As shown in Figure 2 , the separation actuation structure includes a bolt 1, a base body 2, a pressure ring 3, a nut 4, a first piston cylinder 5, a piston rod 6, a second piston cylinder 7, a housing 8, a spring 9, and a gas generator 12. As shown in Figure 3 , the separation actuation structure is used to achieve the separation actuation of the connected part a and the connected part b.
[0043] The pressure ring 3 is a rotary body structure and is used to achieve connection with the connected part a through a threaded connecting part. The center of the pressure ring 3 has a through hole, one side of which has a stepped hole for positioning and installing the base body 2.
[0044] The base body 2 has a first sink near the connected part b, and a second sink near the connected part b, and the first sink and the second sink are communicated through the center through hole of the base body 2. The housing 8 passes through the through hole of the pressure ring 3 and is arranged in the first sink of the base body 2. The outer periphery of the housing 8 is threadedly matched with the inner side of the first sink of the base body 2 to form a product closed structure. The second sink of the base body 2 is used for positioning and installing the bolt 1. The bolt 1 is a double-headed stud. The first end of the bolt 1 is connected with the connected part b through threads. The stepped portion of the bolt 1 abuts against the bottom of the second sink to achieve pre-tightening force loading. The second end of the bolt 1 passes through the center through hole of the base body 2, and, in the locked state of the separation actuation structure, the second end of the bolt 1 is matched with the nut 4 in the housing 8, and the second end of the bolt 1 is connected through the meshing mechanism of the nut 4. The lower end surface of the nut 4 is matched with the bottom of the first sink of the base body 2 to form sliding, guiding, and positioning.
[0045] Nut 4 is a split structure with connecting threads inside and supporting ring ribs outside, which can be divided into three or four parts. In addition to nut 4, a first piston cylinder 5 is arranged in the shell 8. As shown in the figure, when the separation actuator structure is in the locked state, the internal threads of the nut 4 are connected with the bolt 1, and the outer circle of the nut 4 is supported and constrained with the inner wall of the first piston cylinder 5. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when the separation actuator structure is in the unlocked state, the nut 4 is disconnected from the threaded connection with the bolt 1, and the outer circle of the nut 4 is disengaged from the support and cooperation with the inner wall of the first piston cylinder 5. Figure 4
[0046] Among them, the inner side of the first piston cylinder 5 has a first piston ring rib, a second piston ring rib and a third piston ring rib along the axial direction. The outer periphery of the nut 4 has a first nut ring rib and a second nut ring rib along the axial direction. The first piston cylinder 5 realizes the constraint of the nut 4 through the first piston ring rib and the second piston ring rib, and the first piston ring rib and the second piston ring rib are positioned by the end face through the inner diameter and the third piston ring rib above, while the third piston ring rib realizes the movement guide and in-place braking of the piston rod 6.
[0047] As shown in the figure, when the separation actuator structure is in the locked state, the first piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder 5 supports and constrains the first nut ring rib of the nut 4, and the second piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder 5 supports and constrains the second nut ring rib of the nut 4. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when the separation actuator structure is in the unlocked state, the first piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder 5 is disengaged from the first nut ring rib of the nut 4 and falls into the space between the first nut ring rib and the second nut ring rib of the nut 4; the second nut ring rib of the nut 4 is disengaged from the second piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder 5 and falls into the space between the first piston ring rib and the second piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder 5.
[0048] Figure 4 In addition to the nut 4 and the first piston cylinder 5, the shell 8 is also provided with a piston rod 6, a second piston cylinder 7 and a spring 9. The second piston cylinder 7 is a rotary body structure. The first end of the second piston cylinder 7 is threadedly connected with the first piston cylinder 5. The shell 8 protrudes inwardly at the end away from the bolt 1 to form a mounting portion, the spring 9 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the mounting portion of the shell 8 and abuts against the end face of the second end of the second piston cylinder 7. The spring 9 can provide support for the installation and positioning of the second piston cylinder 7. The center of the second end of the second piston cylinder 7 has a through hole, the mounting portion of the shell 8 is inserted into the center through hole of the second end of the second piston cylinder 7, and the sealing connection is realized through a sealing ring 13.
[0049] In addition to the nut 4 and the first piston cylinder 5, the shell 8 is also provided with a piston rod 6, a second piston cylinder 7 and a spring 9. The second piston cylinder 7 is a rotary body structure. The first end of the second piston cylinder 7 is threadedly connected with the first piston cylinder 5. The shell 8 protrudes inwardly at the end away from the bolt 1 to form a mounting portion, the spring 9 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the mounting portion of the shell 8 and abuts against the end face of the second end of the second piston cylinder 7. The spring 9 can provide support for the installation and positioning of the second piston cylinder 7. The center of the second end of the second piston cylinder 7 has a through hole, the mounting portion of the shell 8 is inserted into the center through hole of the second end of the second piston cylinder 7, and the sealing connection is realized through a sealing ring 13.
[0050] The piston rod 6 is arranged in the second piston cylinder 7. The housing 8 has a through hole at the end away from the bolt 1. The piston rod 6 has a gas containing cavity facing the mounting portion of the housing 8. The gas generator 12 is fixed at the end of the housing 8 away from the bolt 1 by screwing, and is used to blow gas to the gas containing cavity of the piston rod 6 through the through hole of the mounting portion. The pyrotechnic gas generated by the gas generator 12 serves as the power source of the structure. The housing 8 and the gas generator 12 are end face sealed by the sealing ring 13. The outer periphery of the piston rod 6 is sealingly connected with the inner wall of the second piston cylinder 7 by the sealing ring 13. The opening size of the gas containing cavity of the piston rod 6 is greater than the hole diameter of the central through hole of the second end of the second piston cylinder 7.
[0051] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4 , in the locked state of the separation actuation structure, the first end of the piston rod 6 abuts against the second end of the bolt 1, and the second end of the piston rod 6 abuts against the inner end face of the second end of the second piston cylinder 7. The gas output by the gas generator 12 enters the gas containing cavity of the piston rod 6 through the through hole of the mounting portion of the housing 8. Since the axial position of the piston rod 6 is still constrained by the bolt 1, the thrust of the gas acts on the inner end face of the second end of the second piston cylinder 7. The spring 9 is compressed under the action of the gas, and the second piston cylinder 7 pulls the first piston cylinder 5 away from the bolt 1 to release the support constraint of the first piston cylinder 5 on the nut 4, thereby unlocking the separation actuation structure. That is, the gas generator 12 releases the constraint on the nut 4 by moving the position of the first piston cylinder 5, thereby releasing the bolt 1.
[0052] As shown in Figure 5 , in the unlocked state of the separation actuation structure, the piston rod 6 can move relative to the second piston cylinder 7 under the action of the gas generator 12, and at the same time, the piston rod 6 can push the bolt 1 under the action of the gas generator 12, thereby separating the connected member a and the connected member b.
[0053] The side wall of the second piston cylinder 7 has a pressure relief hole, and the position of the pressure relief hole is located at the end of the stroke of the piston rod 6, that is, when the movement of the piston rod 6 in the second piston cylinder 7 is about to end, the piston rod 6 can pass through the pressure relief hole, so that the gas in the gas containing cavity of the piston rod 6 begins to be relieved through the pressure relief hole, as shown in Figure 6 When the pressure in the sealed cavity composed of the piston rod 6, the second piston cylinder 7 and the housing 8 is less than the elastic force of the spring 9, the spring 9 serves as a power source for automatic reset, and the second piston cylinder 7 pushes the first piston cylinder 5 to reset under the action of the spring 9. By using the matching chamfer structure between the first piston ring rib and the second piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder 5 and the first nut ring rib and the second nut ring rib of the nut 4, the first piston cylinder 5 is reset and constrained on the nut 4 again, and the automatic reset function of the structure is realized.
[0054] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7As shown, the outer structure of the base 2 is a conical structure, which achieves shear resistance and positioning to prevent misalignment with the connected part a through the cylindrical and conical parts.
[0055] In some embodiments, the separation actuation structure further includes a shock-absorbing ring 10. The shock-absorbing ring 10 is installed between the housing 8 and the second piston cylinder 7. It is made of rubber energy-absorbing damping material and serves to reduce shock and impact when the second piston cylinder 7 impacts the housing 8 under the action of the gas generator 12.
[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the separation actuation structure also includes a pressure-isolating mesh 11. The pressure-isolating mesh 11 is installed on the housing 8, located at the front end of the gas outlet of the gas generator 12. The pressure-isolating mesh 11 uses green honeycomb shock-absorbing material, serving to isolate and filter the high-pressure gas. Specifically, the pressure isolation reduces the impact vibration of the explosion shock generated by the operation of the gas generator 12 on the external structure through the piston rod 6 and bolt 1; the filtration prevents large particles of gunpowder residue generated by the operation of the gas generator 12 from entering the mechanism, improving the reliability of the piston mechanism for repeated use.
[0057] In summary, the working principle of the separation actuation structure provided by this invention is as follows: the gas generated by the gas generator 12 installed in the housing 8 is pressure-isolated and filtered by the pressure-isolation mesh 11, and then enters the sealed cavity formed by the piston rod 6, the second piston cylinder 7, and the housing 8. The gas drives the second piston cylinder 7 and the first piston cylinder 5 to move upward to the shock-absorbing ring 10. After the shock-absorbing ring 10 dampens and reduces impact, it moves the stepped end face of the housing 8. At this time, the first piston cylinder 5 releases the constraint on the nut 4, realizing the separation function of the structure. The nut 4 releases the radial constraint on the bolt 1 under the combined action of the preload of the bolt 1 and the sliding surface of the base 2.
[0058] Then, the gas-driven piston rod 6 continues to move downwards, pushing the bolt 1 to push the connected part b, thus realizing the structure's pushing and impacting function. When the piston rod 6 moves above the first piston cylinder 5 and is stopped by the third piston ring rib, the gas is depressurized through the pressure relief hole of the second piston cylinder 7.
[0059] When the pressure inside the sealed cavity formed by piston rod 6, second piston cylinder 7, and housing 8 is less than the elastic force of spring 9, first piston cylinder 5 and second piston cylinder 7 return to their original position under the action of spring 9. During the movement, the chamfered structure matching the inner ring rib of first piston cylinder 5 and the external environment of nut 4, as well as the limiting position of the end face of upper ring rib of first piston cylinder 5 and inner diameter of piston rod 6, re-realize the reset and constraint of nut 4 on first piston cylinder 5, thus realizing the automatic reset function of the structure. The installation and verification principle of this structure is mainly achieved through the connection of two connected parts. One end is connected by fasteners through pressure ring 3, and the other end is connected by the thread of bolt 1. At the same time, the tapered angle of the base 2 realizes the positioning and shear resistance of the two connected parts.
[0060] The principle of the structure equivalent simulation test verification is as follows: one of the connected members is equivalent to a translational trolley in the structure equivalent simulation test verification, the other connected member is fixed, and the connecting and pushing function structure of the application is used to push the trolley, and the function and performance of the equivalent translational trolley are verified according to the measured speed. The design of the equivalent translational trolley needs to be combined with the mass, center of mass, modulus, translational resistance or rotational radius of the connected member for comprehensive design. Through the equivalent simulation test verification platform shown in the figure, the structure performance is verified to meet the system use requirements. Figure 9 The principle of the structure equivalent simulation test verification is as follows: one of the connected members is equivalent to a translational trolley in the structure equivalent simulation test verification, the other connected member is fixed, and the connecting and pushing function structure of the application is used to push the trolley, and the function and performance of the equivalent translational trolley are verified according to the measured speed. The design of the equivalent translational trolley needs to be combined with the mass, center of mass, modulus, translational resistance or rotational radius of the connected member for comprehensive design. Through the equivalent simulation test verification platform shown in the figure, the structure performance is verified to meet the system use requirements.
[0061] The application discloses a reusable point connection and separation actuating structure with large-tonnage bearing and low-impact separation and automatic reset. The reusable point connection and separation actuating structure is driven by a pyrotechnic gas source, large-tonnage bearing is realized by a nut and bolt engagement mechanism, the impact of the pyrotechnic gas source is reduced by a pressure isolation and filtering structure, automatic reset is realized by a position pressure relief structure and a spring actuating balance, and the shear resistance is realized by a conical structure. The device has the advantages of high connection efficiency, small separation impact, automatic reset and shear resistance.
[0062] The application discloses a reusable point connection and separation actuating structure with large-tonnage bearing and low-impact separation and automatic reset. The reusable point connection and separation actuating structure is driven by a pyrotechnic gas source, large-tonnage bearing is realized by a nut and bolt engagement mechanism, the impact of the pyrotechnic gas source is reduced by a pressure isolation and filtering structure, automatic reset is realized by a position pressure relief structure and a spring actuating balance, and the shear resistance is realized by a conical structure. The device has the advantages of high connection efficiency, small separation impact, automatic reset and shear resistance.
Claims
1. A high-load-bearing, low-impact, automatically reset, reusable point-connected and disengaged actuation structure, characterized in that, Includes bolt (1), base (2), pressure ring (3), nut (4), first piston cylinder (5), piston rod (6), second piston cylinder (7), housing (8), spring (9), and gas generator (12); the separation actuation structure is used to realize the separation actuation of the connected part a and the connected part b; The pressure ring (3) is a rotating structure used to connect with the connected part a; the center of the pressure ring (3) has a through hole, and one side of the through hole has a stepped hole, which is used for positioning and mounting the base (2); The substrate (2) has a first recessed groove away from the connected part b, and a second recessed groove near the connected part b. The first recessed groove and the second recessed groove are connected through the central through hole of the substrate (2). The housing (8) passes through the through hole of the pressure ring (3) and is set in the first recess of the base (2); the outer periphery of the housing (8) is threadedly engaged with the inner side of the first recess of the base (2); The second recess of the base (2) is used for positioning and installation of the bolt (1); the first end of the bolt (1) is connected to the connected part b; the stepped part of the bolt (1) abuts against the bottom of the second recess; the second end of the bolt (1) passes through the central through hole of the base (2); The nut (4) has a split structure. In addition to the nut (4), the housing (8) also has a first piston cylinder (5). When the separation mechanism is locked, the second end of the bolt (1) engages with the nut (4) in the housing (8). The outer circle of the nut (4) is constrained and supported by the inner wall of the first piston cylinder (5). When the separation mechanism is unlocked, the nut (4) is disengaged from the threaded connection with the bolt (1), and the outer circle of the nut (4) is released from the support engagement with the inner wall of the first piston cylinder (5). In addition to the nut (4) and the first piston cylinder (5), the housing (8) is also provided with a piston rod (6), a second piston cylinder (7), and a spring (9); the second piston cylinder (7) is a rotating body structure; the first end of the second piston cylinder (7) is threadedly connected to the first piston cylinder (5); the housing (8) has a mounting part protruding inward at the end away from the bolt (1), and the spring (9) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the mounting part of the housing (8) and abuts against the end face of the second end of the second piston cylinder (7); the second end of the second piston cylinder (7) has a through hole in the center, and the mounting part of the housing (8) is inserted into the center through hole of the second end of the second piston cylinder (7) and sealed by a sealing ring (13); The piston rod (6) is disposed inside the second piston cylinder (7) and is movable relative to the second piston cylinder (7); the housing (8) has a through hole at the end away from the bolt (1) that penetrates the mounting part; the mounting part of the piston rod (6) facing the housing (8) has a gas receiving cavity; the gas generator (12) is fixed to the end of the housing (8) away from the bolt (1) and is used to blow gas into the gas receiving cavity of the piston rod (6) through the through hole that penetrates the mounting part; the outer periphery of the piston rod (6) is sealed to the inner wall of the second piston cylinder (7) by a sealing ring (13); the opening size of the gas receiving cavity of the piston rod (6) is larger than the diameter of the central through hole at the second end of the second piston cylinder (7).
2. The separation actuation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the separation mechanism is locked, the first end of the piston rod (6) abuts against the second end face of the bolt (1), and the second end of the piston rod (6) abuts against the inner end face of the second end of the second piston cylinder (7); the gas output from the gas generator (12) enters the gas receiving chamber of the piston rod (6) through the through hole of the housing (8); the thrust of the gas acts on the inner end face of the second end of the second piston cylinder (7); the spring (9) is compressed under the force of the gas, and the second piston cylinder (7) pulls the first piston cylinder (5) away from the bolt (1) to release the support constraint between the first piston cylinder (5) and the nut (4), thereby unlocking the separation mechanism; When the separation actuation structure is in the unlocked state, the piston rod (6) moves relative to the second piston cylinder (7) under the action of the gas generator (12) and pushes the bolt (1), thereby separating the connected parts a and b.
3. The separation actuation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the second piston cylinder (7) has a pressure relief hole, which is located at the end of the stroke of the piston rod (6). When the pressure inside the sealed cavity formed by the piston rod (6), the second piston cylinder (7) and the housing (8) is less than the elastic force of the spring (9), the second piston cylinder (7) pushes the first piston cylinder (5) to reset under the action of the spring (9), thereby restoring the first piston cylinder (5) to the nut (4) and realizing the automatic reset function of the structure.
4. The separation actuation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side of the first piston cylinder (5) has a first piston ring rib and a second piston ring rib along the axial direction; the outer periphery of the nut (4) has a first nut ring rib and a second nut ring rib along the axial direction. When the separation actuation structure is in the locked state, the first piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder (5) is supported and constrained by the first nut ring rib of the nut (4), and the second piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder (5) is supported and constrained by the second nut ring rib of the nut (4). When the separation actuation structure is in the unlocked state, the first piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder (5) separates from the first nut ring rib of the nut (4) and falls into the space between the first nut ring rib and the second nut ring rib of the nut (4); the second nut ring rib of the nut (4) separates from the second piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder (5) and falls into the space between the first piston ring rib and the second piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder (5).
5. The separation actuation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder (5) has a chamfer on the side facing the bolt (1), the second piston ring rib of the first piston cylinder (5) has a chamfer on the side facing the bolt (1), the first nut ring rib of the nut (4) has a chamfer on the side away from the bolt (1), and the second nut ring rib of the nut (4) has a chamfer on the side away from the bolt (1).
6. The separation actuation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner side of the first piston cylinder (5) also has a third piston ring rib. The third piston ring rib is located on the side of the second piston ring rib away from the bolt (1). The third piston ring rib achieves nut (4) positioning through the end face facing the bolt (1). The third piston ring rib achieves movement guidance of the piston rod (6) through the inner wall. The third piston ring rib achieves the positioning braking of the piston rod (6) through the end face away from the bolt (1).
7. The separation actuation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer structure of the base (2) is a conical structure, which achieves shear resistance and positioning to prevent misalignment with the connected part a through the cylindrical part and the conical part.
8. The separation actuation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation actuation structure also includes a shock-absorbing ring (10); the shock-absorbing ring (10) is installed between the housing (8) and the second piston cylinder (7); it uses rubber energy-absorbing damping material to reduce the shock and impact when the second piston cylinder (7) hits the housing (8) under the action of the gas generator (12).
9. The separation actuation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation actuation structure also includes a pressure-isolating mesh (11); the pressure-isolating mesh (11) is installed on the housing (8) and located at the front end of the gas outlet of the gas generator (12); the pressure-isolating mesh (11) is made of green honeycomb pressure-isolating material, which plays the role of pressure isolation and filtration of high-pressure gas.
10. The detachable actuation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separate actuation structure is also used for equivalent simulation test verification: The equivalent translational carriage of the connected component a is used to verify the equivalence by fixing the connected component b. The equivalent translational carriage is designed in combination with the mass, center of mass, modulus, translational resistance or rotation radius of the connected component a.