Power generation system for seawater desalination

Abstract

The invention discloses a power generation system for seawater desalination. The solar seawater desalination and temperature difference / electromagnetic induction power generation integrated system comprises a solar cooker, an evaporator, a steam transmission pipeline, a cylindrical water collection device and a rotating shaft, a coil is wound in the middle of the rotating shaft, and the coil and an external circuit form a closed loop; an N-pole magnet and an S-pole magnet are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the coil; the coil is characterized in that cylindrical water collecting devices are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the coil, each cylindrical water collecting device is of a double-layer hollow cylinder structure, the two ends of each cylindrical water collecting device are sealed, mounting holes are formed in the cylindrical water collecting devices, a rotating shaft and the cylindrical water collecting devices are coaxially nested through the mounting holes, and the cylindrical water collecting devices are located on the outer side of the rotating shaft; the cylindrical water collecting device and the rotating shaft are respectively supported by a bracket and a bearing; a space formed between the inner layer and the outer layer of the cylindrical water collecting device is a water collecting cavity; the device can be widely applied to the fields of water conservancy, electric power, energy recovery and the like.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application. The original application was entitled "Integrated System and Method for Solar Seawater Desalination and Temperature Difference / Electromagnetic Induction Power Generation", with application number 202311086820.2 and application date of August 28, 2023. Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of seawater desalination and power generation, specifically to an integrated system and method for solar seawater desalination and thermoelectric / electromagnetic induction power generation. Background Technology

[0003] Freshwater resources are among the most important natural resources for human survival. Freshwater scarcity has become a bottleneck for economic development in many regions, and even a direct threat to human survival. Therefore, solving the freshwater shortage problem is a crucial research topic. Seawater resources are abundant, but due to their high salinity and the presence of other impurities, they cannot be used directly as freshwater. Therefore, seawater desalination is of great significance in addressing the freshwater shortage problem.

[0004] Furthermore, with the development of the times, the pressure on my country's power supply security continues to increase, and some regions have even experienced severe power supply shortages, which have had a significant impact on industrial production and residents' lives. The "dual-carbon" target has anchored a new development path for my country's energy sector—low-carbon, green, and sustainable—making the construction of a new energy system an important task. Against this backdrop, accelerating the on-site conversion and utilization of clean energy and promoting new energy power generation technologies are of great significance for high-quality energy development. Therefore, this invention aims to propose a device capable of both seawater desalination and power generation to alleviate the current situation of water scarcity and power shortages. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an integrated system and method for solar seawater desalination and thermoelectric / electromagnetic induction power generation.

[0006] The first technical solution of this invention is an integrated system for solar seawater desalination and thermoelectric / electromagnetic induction power generation, comprising a solar cooker, an evaporator, a steam transmission pipe, a cylindrical water collection device, and a rotating shaft; a coil is wound in the middle of the rotating shaft, and the coil forms a closed loop with an external circuit; N-pole magnets and S-pole magnets are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the coil; characterized in that: cylindrical water collection devices are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the coil, the cylindrical water collection devices are double-layered hollow cylindrical structures, sealed at both ends and provided with mounting holes, the rotating shaft is fitted with bearings and coaxially nested with the cylindrical water collection devices, the cylindrical water collection devices are located outside the rotating shaft; the cylindrical water collection devices are supported by a bracket; the space formed between the inner and outer layers of the cylindrical water collection devices is a water collection cavity; several small holes are provided on the inner wall, and several thermoelectric induction magnets are pasted on the inner surface of the inner layer. The thermoelectric generators are spaced apart, and their positive and negative electrodes are connected in series or parallel. A connecting wire leads out from a lead hole on one side of the cylindrical water collection device to an external circuit. Several hollow conical structures are arranged inside the cylindrical water collection device and on the surface of the rotating shaft. These hollow conical structures are made of a gradient wettable material, with wettability increasing from the bottom to the top corner. The bottom of each hollow conical structure is fixed to the rotating shaft, which is a hollow rotating shaft. The internal space of the rotating shaft is connected to the interior of the hollow conical structures and to the outside. A certain distance is maintained between the top of each hollow conical structure and the thermoelectric generators. A solar cooker is arranged on the outside of the cylindrical water collection device. The inner cavity of the cylindrical water collection device is connected to an evaporator via a steam transmission pipe, and the water collection chamber of the cylindrical water collection device is connected to a water storage tank via a water pipe.

[0007] The solar cooker focuses sunlight onto the evaporator, where seawater is heated to form high-temperature steam. This steam travels through a steam transmission pipe to the inner cavity of a cylindrical water collection device, where it comes into contact with the cooler hollow rotating shaft and the walls of the hollow conical structure, causing condensation. Utilizing the gradient wettability of the hollow conical structure, the condensate migrates from the bottom to the top corner, increasing the mass of the condensate at the top corner and creating an imbalance in mass distribution. Due to gravity, the hollow conical structure drives the rotating shaft to rotate; the coil on the rotating shaft rotates and cuts the N-pole magnet and... The magnetic lines of force between the S-pole magnets generate electricity; the condensate is thrown against the inner wall of the cylindrical water collecting device by centrifugal force and enters the water collecting chamber of the cylindrical water collecting device through a small hole; at the same time, one side of the thermoelectric generator is in contact with the high temperature water vapor, and the other side, due to being in close contact with the inner surface of the inner layer, senses the low temperature of the condensate through the inner wall of the inner layer to achieve thermoelectric power generation. The positive and negative poles of each thermoelectric generator are connected in series or in parallel, and an external circuit is led out through the outlet hole on one side of the cylindrical water collecting device by wires; the water and uncondensed water vapor in the water collecting chamber are transported to the water storage tank through pipes.

[0008] The working principle of this invention is:

[0009] The solar cooker focuses sunlight onto the evaporator, where seawater is heated to form high-temperature steam. This steam travels through a steam transmission pipe to the inner cavity of a cylindrical water collection device, where it comes into contact with the cooler hollow rotating shaft and the walls of the hollow conical structure, causing condensation. Due to the gradient wettability of the hollow conical structure, the condensate migrates from the bottom to the top corner, increasing the mass of the condensate at the top corner. Simultaneously, the steam transmission pipe and the steam pipe mounting holes on the cylindrical water collection device are located on the end face of the device and outside the rotating shaft. Therefore, the hollow conical structure on the rotating shaft generates a larger volume of steam, leading to more condensate and an unbalanced mass distribution. Gravity causes the hollow conical structure to drive the rotating shaft. Furthermore, the symmetrically arranged water collection devices on both sides of the rotating shaft cause it to rotate in the same direction, enabling rapid rotation. The coil on the rotating shaft rotates and cuts the magnetic lines of force between the N-pole magnet and the S-pole magnet to generate electricity. The condensate is thrown against the inner wall of the cylindrical water collection device by centrifugal force and enters the water collection chamber of the cylindrical water collection device through a small hole. In addition, since the internal space of the rotating shaft is connected to the hollow cone structure and communicates with the outside, heat dissipation of the rotating shaft and the hollow cone can be achieved by the convection of liquid or air, so that the water vapor condensation process can continue. Furthermore, one side of the thermoelectric generator is in contact with the high temperature water vapor, while the other side, due to being in close contact with the inner surface of the inner layer, senses the low temperature of the condensate through the inner wall to achieve thermoelectric power generation. The positive and negative poles of each thermoelectric generator are connected in series or parallel, and an external circuit is led out through the outlet hole on one side of the cylindrical water collection device by wires. The water and uncondensed water vapor in the water collection chamber are transported to the water storage tank through pipes.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the solar-powered seawater desalination and thermoelectric / electromagnetic induction power generation integrated system according to the present invention, the rotating shaft is a lightweight hollow tube.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the solar-powered seawater desalination and thermoelectric / electromagnetic induction power generation integrated system of the present invention, the hollow conical structure is made of fan-shaped thin sheets with gradient wettability.

[0012] The second technical solution of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an integrated solar seawater desalination and thermoelectric / electromagnetic induction power generation system, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1:

[0014] Several thin films were selected for washing and drying pretreatment, and the pretreated thin films were modified with superhydrophilicity to obtain several superhydrophilic thin films; then, the superhydrophilic thin films were modified by liquid phase modification to obtain several gradient wettability thin films; the gradient wettability thin films were cut into fan shapes and rolled into hollow cone structures.

[0015] Step Two:

[0016] A lightweight hollow tube is selected as the hollow rotating shaft. Several holes are drilled on the surface of the hollow tube, with the hole diameter matching the bottom end of the hollow conical structure, and the number of holes matching the number of hollow conical structures. The bottom end of the hollow conical structure is fixed to the holes on the rotating shaft, and the internal space of the rotating shaft is connected to the interior of the hollow conical structure. A coil is wound around the middle of the rotating shaft, and the coil and the external circuit form a closed loop. N-pole magnets and S-pole magnets are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the coil. The rotating shaft, the coil, and the N / S pole magnets constitute a driving and electromagnetic induction power generation device.

[0017] Step 3: Construct two identical cylindrical water collection devices.

[0018] Two hollow cylinders of different diameters are selected and coaxially arranged to form a double-layer hollow cylinder structure, which serves as a cylindrical water collection device. The gap between the two hollow cylinders serves as a water collection cavity. Several small holes are made on the wall of the inner cylinder, and several thermoelectric generators are attached to the inner wall of the inner cylinder, with a certain gap between each thermoelectric generator. The positive and negative electrodes of each thermoelectric generator are connected in series or parallel. One end of the double-layer hollow cylinder structure is sealed with a baffle, and mounting holes for the rotating shaft, steam pipe, water pipe, and lead wire are provided on the baffle. The thermoelectric generator connecting wires are connected to an external circuit through the lead wire holes.

[0019] Step Four:

[0020] The drive and electromagnetic induction power generation device made in step two is embedded inside the two cylindrical water collection devices with one end unsealed in step three. The cylindrical water collection devices and the rotating shaft are coaxially mounted by bearings installed through mounting holes on the baffles. At the same time, both ends of the rotating shaft extend outward to allow the internal space of the rotating shaft to communicate with the outside. The top of the hollow conical structure fixed on the rotating shaft is kept at a certain distance from the thermoelectric generator. The other end of the two cylindrical water collection devices is sealed with baffles, leaving holes that match the diameter of the rotating shaft. The cylindrical water collection devices and the rotating shaft are supported by brackets and bearings, respectively. The inner cavity of the cylindrical water collection device is connected to the evaporator through a steam transmission pipe, and the water collection chamber of the cylindrical water collection device is connected to the water storage tank through a water pipe.

[0021] Step 5:

[0022] A solar cooker is installed on the outside of a cylindrical water collection device, which focuses sunlight onto the evaporator.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the manufacturing method of the solar seawater desalination and thermoelectric / electromagnetic induction power generation integrated system according to the present invention, the sheet is an iron sheet, a copper sheet, a stainless steel sheet, or a plastic sheet.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment of the manufacturing method of the integrated solar seawater desalination and thermoelectric / electromagnetic induction power generation system of the present invention, the superhydrophilic modification is performed on the sheet by sol-gel method, vapor deposition method or superhydrophilic coating method; the liquid phase modification method involves suspending the superhydrophilic sheet in a container, and then injecting a surface modifier into the container at a certain rate, and obtaining a gradient wettability sheet according to the different immersion height of the modifier and the reaction time.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the integrated solar seawater desalination and thermoelectric / electromagnetic induction power generation system and method described in this invention are:

[0026] This invention generates electricity simultaneously by utilizing the principles of electromagnetic induction and thermoelectric power generation while collecting water. It not only has the advantages of being clean and environmentally friendly, but also helps to alleviate the current situation of water scarcity and power shortage.

[0027] (1) The solar cooker converts solar energy into heat energy, thus achieving efficient utilization of light energy;

[0028] (2) The design of the hollow rotating shaft and the hollow conical structure can enhance cooling and heat dissipation, and ensure the continuous condensation of water vapor; the gradient wettability of the conical structure can effectively promote the migration of droplets, which not only drives the coil to cut the magnetic field lines to generate electricity, but also the centrifugal force generated by the rotation causes the condensate to be thrown onto the inner wall of the water collection device, and reaches the liquid collection chamber through the small holes on the wall to achieve the collection of droplets.

[0029] (3) The symmetrical arrangement of the device can not only effectively increase the water collection and power generation, but also facilitate the stable operation of the device.

[0030] (4) The present invention has a simple structure and manufacturing process, low cost, and does not produce secondary pollution. It can be widely used in water conservancy, power, energy recovery and other fields. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated solar-powered seawater desalination and thermoelectric / electromagnetic induction power generation system.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the structural installation of a hollow rotating shaft, a hollow cone, and a coil.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a double-layered cylindrical structure.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical water collection device.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a side view of a cylindrical water collection device.

[0036] Figure 6This is a perspective view of a cylindrical water collection device. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following is combined Figures 1 to 6 The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0038] See Figures 1 to 6 An integrated solar-powered seawater desalination and thermoelectric / electromagnetic induction power generation system is disclosed, comprising a solar cooker 9, an evaporator 1, a steam transmission pipe 2, a cylindrical water collection device 3, and a rotating shaft 5. A coil 7 is wound around the center of the rotating shaft 5, forming a closed loop with an external circuit. An N-pole magnet 10 and an S-pole magnet 11 are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the coil 7. The cylindrical water collection device 3 is a double-layered hollow cylindrical structure, sealed at both ends and equipped with mounting holes. A bearing 15 is fitted onto the rotating shaft 5 and coaxially nested with the cylindrical water collection device 3, which is located outside the rotating shaft 5. The cylindrical water collection device 3 is supported by a bracket 16. The space formed between the inner and outer layers of the cylindrical water collection device 3 is a water collection cavity. Several small holes are provided on the inner wall, and several thermoelectric generators are attached to the inner surface of the inner layer. 4. A certain gap is maintained between each thermoelectric generator. The positive and negative electrodes of the thermoelectric generator are connected in series or parallel. The connecting wire is led out from the lead hole 14 on one side of the cylindrical water collection device to connect to the external circuit. Several hollow conical structures 6 are provided inside the cylindrical water collection device 3 and on the surface of the rotating shaft 5. The hollow conical structure 6 is made of a gradient wettability material, and the wettability increases from the bottom end to the top corner end. The bottom end of the hollow conical structure 6 is fixed on the rotating shaft 5. The rotating shaft 5 is a hollow rotating shaft. The internal space of the rotating shaft is connected to the inside of the hollow conical structure and is connected to the outside. A certain distance is maintained between the top end of the hollow conical structure 6 and the thermoelectric generator 4. A solar cooker 9 is arranged on the outside of the cylindrical water collection device 3. The inner cavity of the cylindrical water collection device 3 is connected to the evaporator 1 through the steam transmission pipe 2. The water collection cavity of the cylindrical water collection device 3 is connected to the water storage tank 8 through the water pipe 12.

[0039] The solar cooker focuses sunlight onto the evaporator, where seawater is heated to form high-temperature steam. This steam travels through a steam transmission pipe to the inner cavity of a cylindrical water collection device, where it comes into contact with the cooler hollow rotating shaft and the walls of the hollow conical structure, causing condensation. Utilizing the gradient wettability of the hollow conical structure, the condensate migrates gradually from the bottom to the top corner, increasing the mass of the condensate at the top corner and creating an imbalance in mass distribution. Due to gravity, the hollow conical structure drives the rotating shaft to rotate; the coils on the rotating shaft then rotate... Electricity is generated by cutting the magnetic lines of force between the N and S pole magnets; the condensate is thrown against the inner wall of the cylindrical water collection device by centrifugal force and enters the water collection chamber of the cylindrical water collection device through a small hole; at the same time, one side of the thermoelectric generator contacts the high temperature water vapor, while the other side senses the low temperature of the condensate through the inner wall to achieve thermoelectric power generation. The positive and negative poles of each thermoelectric generator are connected in series or parallel, and an external circuit is led out from the outlet hole on one side of the cylindrical water collection device through a wire; the water and uncondensed water vapor in the water collection chamber are transported to the water storage tank through a pipe.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the rotating shaft is a lightweight hollow tube.

[0041] The hollow cone structure is made of fan-shaped thin sheets with gradient wettability; the wettability of the hollow cone structure increases from the bottom to the top.

[0042] A method for manufacturing an integrated solar seawater desalination and thermoelectric / electromagnetic induction power generation system includes the following steps:

[0043] Step 1:

[0044] Several thin films were selected for washing and drying pretreatment, and then the pretreated films were modified with superhydrophilicity to obtain several superhydrophilic films. The superhydrophilic films were then modified using a liquid-phase modification method to obtain several gradient wettability films. The gradient wettability films were cut into fan shapes and rolled into hollow cone structures. For example, several copper sheets were selected and ultrasonically cleaned sequentially with 1.0 mol / L hydrochloric acid, acetone, and anhydrous ethanol to remove surface impurities and oxide layers. They were then washed with deionized water and dried at room temperature. The pretreated copper sheets were placed in a solution containing 1.0 mol / L sodium hydroxide and 1.0 mol / L ammonium persulfate.

[0045] Etching was performed in a 0.05 mol / L alkaline ammonia solution to obtain a superhydrophilic copper sheet; then, the superhydrophilic copper sheet was modified by a liquid phase modification method to obtain several gradient wettability copper sheets; the gradient wettability copper sheets were cut into fan shapes and rolled into hollow cones.

[0046] The specific steps for preparing gradient wettability copper sheets using the liquid-phase modification method are as follows: Weigh 0.1 g of n-dodecathiol into a beaker, add 50 mL of anhydrous ethanol, and stir thoroughly to prepare a 10 mol / L n-dodecathiol-ethanol solution as a surface modifier. Place the prepared superhydrophilic copper sheet vertically suspended in an empty beaker, with one end inserted downwards into a foam board placed in the beaker. Then, inject the 10 mol / L n-dodecathiol-ethanol solution into the beaker using a syringe pump at a rate of 0.83 mL / s. As time increases, the liquid level of the surface modifier gradually rises. When the liquid level of the surface modifier just submerges the copper sheet, immediately remove the copper sheet, rinse it thoroughly with deionized water, and then dry it at room temperature to obtain the gradient wettability copper sheet.

[0047] Step Two:

[0048] A lightweight hollow tube is selected as the hollow rotating shaft 5. Several holes are drilled on the surface of the hollow tube, with the hole diameter matching the bottom end of the hollow conical structure 6, and the number of holes matching the number of hollow conical structures. The bottom end of the hollow conical structure is fixed to the hole on the rotating shaft, and the internal space of the rotating shaft is connected to the inside of the hollow conical structure. A coil 7 is wound around the middle of the rotating shaft, and the coil 7 and the external circuit form a closed loop. N-pole magnets 10 and S-pole magnets 11 are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the coil 7. The rotating shaft, the coil, and the N / S pole magnets constitute an electromagnetic induction power generation device.

[0049] Step 3: Construct two identical cylindrical water collection devices.

[0050] Two hollow cylinders of different diameters are selected and coaxially arranged to form a double-layer hollow cylinder structure. The double-layer hollow cylinder structure serves as a cylindrical water collection device 3, and the gap between the two hollow cylinders serves as a water collection cavity. Several small holes are set on the wall of the inner cylinder, and several thermoelectric generators are attached to the inner wall of the inner cylinder, with a certain gap between each thermoelectric generator. The positive and negative electrodes of each thermoelectric generator are connected in series or in parallel. A baffle is set at one end of the double-layer hollow cylinder structure for sealing, and mounting holes for the rotating shaft, steam pipe 13, water pipe 12, and lead wire 14 are left on the baffle. The thermoelectric generator connecting wires are connected to an external circuit through the lead wire holes.

[0051] Step Four:

[0052] The drive and electromagnetic induction power generation device made in step two is embedded inside the two cylindrical water collection devices with one end unsealed made in step three. The cylindrical water collection devices and the rotating shaft are coaxially set by bearings installed through mounting holes on the baffle. At the same time, both ends of the rotating shaft 5 extend outward so that the internal space of the rotating shaft 5 is connected to the outside. The top of the hollow conical structure fixed on the rotating shaft is kept at a certain distance from the thermoelectric generator. The other end of the two cylindrical water collection devices is sealed with a baffle and a hole adapted to the diameter of the rotating shaft is left. The cylindrical water collection device 3 and the rotating shaft 5 are supported by the bracket 16 and the bearing 15, respectively. The inner cavity of the cylindrical water collection device 3 is connected to the evaporator 1 through the steam transmission pipe 2, and the water collection chamber of the cylindrical water collection device 3 is connected to the water storage tank 8 through the water pipe 12.

[0053] Step 5:

[0054] A solar cooker is installed on the outside of a cylindrical water collection device, which focuses sunlight onto the evaporator.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, the sheet is an iron sheet, copper sheet, stainless steel sheet, or plastic sheet.

[0056] The superhydrophilic modification is achieved by modifying the sheet through sol-gel method, vapor deposition method or superhydrophilic coating method; the liquid phase modification method involves suspending the superhydrophilic sheet in a container and then injecting a surface modifier into the container at a certain rate. Depending on the immersion height of the modifier and the reaction time, a gradient wettability sheet is obtained.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power generation system for seawater desalination, characterized in that, include: A rotating shaft (5) is a hollow rotating shaft. The internal space of the rotating shaft (5) is connected to the outside. Several hollow conical structures (6) are provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (5). The hollow conical structures (6) are made of fan-shaped thin sheets with gradient wettability, and the wettability increases from the bottom end to the top corner end. The bottom end of the hollow conical structure (6) is fixed on the rotating shaft (5), and the internal space of the rotating shaft (5) is connected to the inside of the hollow conical structure (6). The coil (7) is wound around the middle of the rotating shaft (5) and forms a closed loop with the external circuit. N-pole magnets (10) and S-pole magnets (11) are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the coil (7). Cylindrical water collection device (3), two cylindrical water collection devices (3) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the coil (7), and the cylindrical water collection device (3) is coaxially nested with the rotating shaft (5) and supported by bearing (15) and bracket (16); the cylindrical water collection device (3) is a double-layer hollow cylindrical structure, with a water collection cavity formed between the inner and outer layers, and several small holes are provided on the inner wall; Thermoelectric generator (4) is attached to the inner surface of the inner layer of the cylindrical water collection device (3), and the top of the hollow conical structure (6) is kept at a certain distance from the thermoelectric generator (4). The power generation system is configured to generate electricity simultaneously using the principles of electromagnetic induction and thermoelectric power generation while collecting water. Specifically, when water vapor enters the inner cavity of the cylindrical water collection device (3), it condenses upon contact with the lower temperature rotating shaft (5) and the wall of the hollow conical structure (6). Utilizing the gradient wettability of the hollow conical structure (6), the condensate migrates from the bottom to the top corner, increasing the mass of the condensate at the top corner and causing an unbalanced mass distribution. Due to gravity, the hollow conical structure (6) drives the rotating shaft (5) to rotate. The coil (7) on the rotating shaft (5) cuts the magnetic lines of force between the N-pole magnet (10) and the S-pole magnet (11) to achieve electromagnetic induction power generation. At the same time, the condensate is thrown onto the inner wall of the cylindrical water collection device (3) due to centrifugal force and enters the water collection cavity through small holes. One side of the thermoelectric generator (4) contacts the high-temperature water vapor, while the other side senses the low temperature of the condensate through the inner wall, thus achieving thermoelectric power generation.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A solar cooker (9) is arranged on the outside of the cylindrical water collection device (3); the inner cavity of the cylindrical water collection device (3) is connected to the evaporator (1) through a steam transmission pipe (2), and the water collection chamber of the cylindrical water collection device (3) is connected to the water storage device (8) through a water pipe (12); the water and uncondensed water vapor in the water collection chamber are transported to the water storage device (8) through the pipe.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation process of the hollow cone structure specifically includes: Several thin films were selected for washing and drying pretreatment, and the pretreated thin films were modified with superhydrophilicity to obtain several superhydrophilic thin films; then the superhydrophilic thin films were modified by liquid phase modification to obtain several gradient wettability thin films; the gradient wettability thin films were cut into fan shapes and rolled into hollow cone structures (6). The superhydrophilic modification is achieved by modifying the sheet through sol-gel method, vapor deposition method or superhydrophilic coating method; the liquid phase modification method involves suspending the superhydrophilic sheet in a container and then injecting a surface modifier into the container at a certain rate. Depending on the immersion height of the modifier and the reaction time, a gradient wettability sheet is obtained.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The manufacturing process of the rotating shaft specifically includes: Select a lightweight hollow tube as the rotating shaft (5), drill several holes on the surface of the hollow tube, the hole diameter is adapted to the bottom end of the hollow conical structure (6), and the number of holes is consistent with the number of hollow conical structures (6); fix the bottom end of the hollow conical structure (6) to the hole of the rotating shaft, and connect the internal space of the rotating shaft with the internal space of the hollow conical structure (6); wind a coil (7) in the middle of the rotating shaft, and the coil (7) and the external circuit form a closed loop; symmetrically arrange N-pole magnets (10) and S-pole magnets (11) on the outside of the coil (7), and the rotating shaft, hollow conical structure (6), coil, N-pole magnet (10) and S-pole magnet (11) form a driving and electromagnetic induction power generation device.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation process of the cylindrical water collection device specifically includes: Two hollow cylinders with different diameters are selected and arranged coaxially to form a double-layer hollow cylinder structure. The double-layer hollow cylinder structure is used as a cylindrical water collection device (3), and the gap formed between the two hollow cylinders is used as a water collection cavity. Several small holes are set on the wall of the inner cylinder, and several thermoelectric generators are pasted on the inner wall of the inner cylinder. A certain gap is left between each thermoelectric generator. The positive and negative poles of each thermoelectric generator (4) are connected in series or in parallel. A baffle is set at one end of the double-layer hollow cylinder structure for sealing, and the mounting holes for the rotating shaft (5), steam pipe (13), water pipe (12) and lead wire (14) are left on the baffle. The connecting wire of the thermoelectric generator (4) is connected to the external circuit through the lead wire hole.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylindrical water collection device (3) and the rotating shaft (5) are coaxially mounted by bearings installed through mounting holes on the baffle. At the same time, both ends of the rotating shaft (5) extend outward so that the internal space of the rotating shaft (5) is connected to the outside. The top of the hollow conical structure (6) fixed on the rotating shaft is kept at a certain distance from the thermoelectric generator (4). The other ends of the two cylindrical water collection devices (3) are sealed with baffles and holes that match the diameter of the rotating shaft (5) are left. The cylindrical water collection device (3) and the rotating shaft (5) are supported by brackets (16) and bearings (15) respectively. The inner cavity of the cylindrical water collection device (3) is connected to the evaporator (1) through a steam transmission pipe (2), and the water collection chamber of the cylindrical water collection device (3) is connected to the water storage tank (8) through a water pipe (12). A solar cooker (9) is installed on the outside of the cylindrical water collection device (3), and the solar cooker (9) focuses sunlight onto the evaporator (1).

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