Method for rapidly converting breeding liquid dung into artificial turf, artificial turf and application

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of innocent treatment and resource utilization of breeding liquid dung, and relates to a method for rapidly converting breeding liquid dung into artificial turf, the artificial turf and application. The method specifically comprises the steps that plant residues are added into breeding liquid dung, then an activating agent is added, solid-liquid separation is carried out after room-temperature reaction, and obtained liquid is artificial turf; and the activating agent is a potassium-containing strong alkaline substance. The liquid obtained by the method is rich in humic acid substances, is artificial turf, and can be processed into a humic acid fertilizer for agricultural planting; the obtained solid is cellulose with high purity and can be used for other industrial applications. The method is a novel process which does not need high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, does not need special equipment, is short in treatment period, high in harmless degree, high in humification degree and huge in resource utilization potential, efficient harmless, humification treatment and resource utilization of the breeding liquid dung can be achieved, and the breeding liquid dung is converted into artificial turf.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of harmless treatment and resource utilization of livestock manure, and relates to a method for rapidly converting livestock manure into artificial peat, artificial peat, and its application. Background Technology

[0003] Humus is a class of large aromatic ring organic molecules, also known as humic acid, accumulated through biogeochemical processes from the remains of plants and animals (mainly plant remains). Its aromatic ring structure contains active functional groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, quinone, and methoxy groups, giving it exchange, adsorption, complexation, and chelation functions. It can combine with nutrients in the soil and water, facilitating the slow release of nutrients. Secondly, humus promotes the formation of soil aggregates, improves soil structure, stabilizes soil microbial communities, promotes the geochemical cycle of matter, and stimulates crop growth. Therefore, humus content is one of the important indicators for measuring soil fertility, accounting for 50% to 75% of the total soil organic matter. Although the total amount of humus in soil is large, its average content in soil is less than 1%. Therefore, increasing soil humus content is an important measure for the green development of modern agriculture. To improve soil fertility, scientists obtain humic acid-containing fertilizers through various means. Currently, there are three main technologies:

[0004] (1) Development of Peat Humic Resources. Peat, also known as "peat," "grass coal," and "peat coal," is the richest natural resource in terms of humic acid content. It was slowly formed 9,000 years ago during the Quaternary period by the incomplete decomposition and accumulation of swamp plant remains under anaerobic conditions with abundant water (rate <1 cm / year). Except for the Everglades in Florida, USA, 80% of peat areas are located in high-latitude regions, with 60% concentrated in wetlands, and the resources are most abundant in Northern Europe and North America. These countries and regions use modern mechanized operations for peat mining, which are efficient, have strict quality control, and strictly control environmental damage. my country mainly relies on imports for high-quality peat, and the price has soared to >2,500 yuan / ton. At the same time, domestic peat processing technology is relatively backward, and most of them are sold directly after simple drying and crushing, resulting in inconsistent product functions and serious homogenization. Therefore, finding peat substitutes and artificially preparing humic acid has become an urgent need for the industry.

[0005] (2) Aerobic composting for organic fertilizer production and humus extraction. Aerobic composting of agricultural waste such as straw and manure to produce humus-rich organic fertilizer is a current mainstream engineering technology. Currently confirmed humus formation pathways in compost mainly include biological and abiotic pathways such as biosynthesis, biopolyphenolization, cell autolysis, lignin / polyphenol-protein polymerization, polyphenol self-polymerization, and Maillard reaction. Some researchers have found that abiotic pathways contribute more than 30% to humus formation; therefore, exogenous promoters can be used to assist composting to fully utilize the role of abiotic processes and increase the humus content of compost. However, due to limitations in resource availability, price, and effectiveness, finding efficient and inexpensive exogenous compost promoters remains a challenge in this field. Although domestic and international scholars currently use exogenous additives such as clay minerals, metal salts, metal oxides, organic precursors, biological agents, laccase, and biochar to regulate composting, extensive research has been conducted on compost maturation, nitrogen retention, and humification. However, existing studies have confirmed that the effects of different additives vary greatly. Currently, the humic content of organic fertilizers is between 5% and 15%, which is still relatively low compared to peat moss. This limits the potential for extracting humic acid from organic fertilizers. To obtain fertilizer products with high humic acid content comparable to peat moss, it is still necessary to develop more efficient organic fertilizer humification technology.

[0006] (3) Preparation of humic acid substances from organic waste through chemical humification. This technology currently focuses on the rapid humification of solid wastes such as agricultural straw and manure. It uses a chemical hydrothermal reaction system (180~300℃, 5~25MPa) to drive the organic matter of waste through a three-step transformation of "decomposition-recombination-polymerization" to ultimately form humic acid structural substances. In this process, the macromolecular organic matter (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protein, lipids, etc.) in solid wastes such as straw and manure first undergoes fragmentation under high temperature and high pressure. Then, the fragmented small molecules undergo a series of secondary reactions such as oxidation, defunctionalization, and condensation in a hydrothermal environment to form the "skeleton" of humic acid. The small molecule polymers further polymerize under continuous high temperature and high pressure to supplement the side chains, ultimately forming humic acid components. The key control factors of this technology are the use of high temperature and high pressure reactor equipment to control the temperature, pH, and reaction time. Excessively high temperatures (>250℃) can lead to over-carbonization, inhibiting humic acid formation. Acidic conditions promote hydrolysis, while alkaline conditions accelerate lignin degradation and condensation, increasing humic acid yield. Extending the reaction time (usually 1-6 hours) can promote polymerization, but it can also lead to the volatilization of small molecules, reducing efficiency. Currently, this chemical humification technology mainly takes two forms: the first involves hydrothermal carbonization of solid materials such as straw and manure to obtain acidic substances, followed by solid-liquid separation to remove the hydrothermal carbon, and alkaline treatment of the liquid to produce humic acid; the second involves hydrothermal carbonization of solid materials such as straw or manure, followed by mixing the liquid with the straw and then alkaline hydrothermal treatment to produce humic acid. All these different forms of co-hydrothermal humification can effectively convert straw and manure solid waste into humic acid, with yields ranging from 8% to 20%. However, this process faces challenges such as high investment in special equipment, large demand for chemical reagents (KOH, NaOH, HCl, ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, persulfate, water-soluble iron salts, iron oxides, etc.), complex operation steps (multiple additions of alkali or activators, multiple solid-liquid separation and extraction), harsh high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, and high requirements for the professional and technical skills of practitioners, which still limit its large-scale application and promotion.

[0007] Therefore, this invention aims to provide a novel process that requires no high temperature or high pressure conditions, no specialized equipment, has a short processing cycle, a high degree of harmlessness, and great potential for resource utilization. This process aims to achieve efficient, harmless, and humified treatment and resource utilization of livestock manure, converting it into artificial peat rich in humic acid. This is of great significance for promoting the utilization of manure as fertilizer, improving arable land quality, and ensuring food supply. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for rapidly converting livestock manure into artificial peat, aiming to solve the problems of low removal efficiency, high energy consumption, and insufficient resource utilization of products in existing livestock manure treatment methods. This method can significantly improve the treatment efficiency of livestock manure, and has the advantages of excellent harmlessness, high environmental adaptability, low treatment cost, high humic acid content in liquid products, high cellulose content in solid products, and high-quality resource utilization of both liquid and solid products. It has great potential in the harmlessness and resource utilization of livestock manure.

[0009] The specific technical solution provided by this invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for rapidly converting livestock manure into artificial peat moss, comprising the following steps: Plant residues are added to livestock manure, followed by an activator. After reacting at room temperature, solid-liquid separation is performed, and the resulting liquid is the artificial peat moss. The activator is a potassium-containing, strongly alkaline substance.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the activator is one or a combination of KOH, K2CO3 and K3PO4.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixing ratio of the plant residues to the livestock manure is 1g:10~100mL.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plant residue is any one or a mixture of plant stems and leaves and agricultural straw.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of activator added is 0.5~2.0 mol / L, based on the total mixed volume of livestock manure and plant residues.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the room temperature reaction is carried out by stirring in a non-glass reactor at room temperature for 6 to 72 hours. This reaction process has no temperature requirements, requires no protection against inert gases, no need for sealed settling, and no additional heating, and can be carried out at temperatures as low as -5°C. o It can operate normally even in winter environments of C. Non-glass reactors can be made of conventional plastic or alkali-resistant reaction vessels.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the livestock manure is obtained by separating the solid manure (mainly from water-soaked manure, manure-urine mixture, and residual manure-urine flushing water from the pen floor) generated during the large-scale livestock farming process. Large-scale livestock include beef cattle, dairy cattle, and pigs.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an artificial peat moss prepared according to the above method.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the humic acid concentration of the artificial peat moss is 25.9~32.5 g / L.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the application of the artificial peat moss as a humic acid fertilizer.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when applying the artificial peat, the pH of the peat is adjusted to 6.5-7.5, and it is further processed into humic acid fertilizer according to an agronomically acceptable method.

[0020] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a solid cellulose prepared according to the above method, which is then reacted at room temperature and subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid cellulose with a purity of 59.8% to 64.6%.

[0021] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides the use of the solid cellulose as an industrial raw material.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The activator used in this invention is simply one or a mixture of potassium hydroxide, potassium phosphate, and potassium carbonate. These are potassium-rich, strongly alkaline substances that effectively accelerate the polymerization reaction of humic precursors to form humic acid. Simultaneously, their strong alkalinity promotes the decomposition of residual antibiotics, kills pathogens and roundworm eggs in feces, and precipitates and solidifies trace amounts of heavy metals such as Cu(II) and Zn(II) in fecal water, significantly reducing the risk of environmental pollution. Furthermore, these substances are inexpensive and environmentally friendly.

[0023] The plant residues used in this invention are any one or a mixture of common plant stems and leaves, and agricultural straw. These plant stems and leaves, and agricultural straw are common plant biomass resources, which are abundant globally, ranking first in terms of reserves. They are recyclable and renewable resources, with wide availability, abundant resources, and low cost. This is undoubtedly an important measure to achieve the sustainable utilization of plant residue resources.

[0024] The method provided by this invention requires no special equipment or harsh operating conditions, can react directly in a non-glass reactor, requires no inert gas protection, no sealing, no high temperature and high pressure conditions, no additional heating, has a short processing cycle, high degree of harmlessness and humification, and huge potential for resource utilization. In the natural environment, it only utilizes the self-heating of the treatment process (42°C). o The reaction can be guaranteed to proceed at around 30°C, enabling efficient and harmless treatment, humification, and resource utilization of livestock manure, converting it into artificial peat moss.

[0025] The method provided by this invention has the advantages of low cost, good effect, strong operability, no secondary pollution, environmental beautification, and easy separation and collection of products. It has potential engineering application value and can be widely promoted and applied.

[0026] The product prepared by this invention is green and pollution-free. The obtained liquid is an artificial peat moss, rich in humic acid substances at a concentration of 25.9~32.5 g / L, which can be processed into humic acid fertilizer for agricultural planting. The obtained solid is a cellulose with a purity of 59.8%~64.6%, which can be used as a raw material for industries such as oil drilling, papermaking, textiles, and anaerobic fermentation engineering. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a technical roadmap provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 The three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of the pig manure treatment process provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown below: a, RSW; b, 1.5M KOH; c, WS; d, 0.1 M KOH + WS; e, 0.5 M KOH + WS; f, 1 M KOH + WS; g, 1.5 M KOH + WS; h, 2 M KOH + WS. Figure 3 These are photographs of the pig manure and its derived artificial peat humic acid (AHA-LF) provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a graph showing the change in humic acid concentration in artificial peat moss in a mixture of pig manure and dairy cow manure treated with different concentrations of potassium hydroxide, as provided in Example 2 of this invention. Figure 5 The three-dimensional fluorescence spectra of the dairy cow manure water treatment process provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention are as follows: a, 0.5h; b, 1h; c, 3h; d, 6h; e, 12h; f, 24h; g, 48h; h, 72h. Figure 6 This is a graph showing the change in humic acid content in artificial peat moss during the dairy cow manure treatment process provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a graph showing the changes in the content of artificial humic acid in a dairy cow manure-water mixture under different activator treatments provided in Example 4 of the present invention. Figure 8 The appearance (a), functional group ratio (b), and other properties of the artificial peat humic acid obtained from the treatment of pig manure water according to Example 1 of this invention are described. 13 C solid NMR spectrum (c); Figure 9 The results of the phytotoxicity test (seed germination test) of artificial peat humic acid obtained from the treatment of pig manure water provided in Experimental Example 2 of this invention on radish seeds are as follows: Figure 10These are photos of all the seedlings of Chinese cabbage in a potted plant experiment using artificial peat humic acid liquid fertilizer (AHA-LF) obtained from the treatment of pig manure water provided in Experiment Example 2 of this invention. Figure 11 The images show the plant growth and randomized treatment of seedlings (a), fresh weight (b), stem and leaf length (c), root length (d), relative chlorophyll content (SPAD value) (e), and analysis of rhizosphere soil bacteria at the genus level (f) and virulence factors (g) of the artificial peat humic acid liquid fertilizer (AHA-LF) obtained by treating pig manure water provided in Experimental Example 2 of this invention in a pot experiment of Chinese cabbage. Figure 12 The relative abundance (a) and functional analysis (b) of probiotics in a potted Chinese cabbage experiment using artificial peat humic acid liquid fertilizer (AHA-LF) obtained from the treatment of pig manure water provided in Experimental Example 2 of this invention. Figure 13 The changes in antibiotic resistance genes in the rhizosphere soil of Chinese cabbage pot experiment using artificial peat humic acid liquid fertilizer (AHA-LF) obtained from the treatment of pig manure water provided in Experimental Example 2 of this invention. Figure 14 The experimental examples provided in Example 3 of this invention are: the change in the content of artificial peat humic acid (AHA) in the first group of experiments (a), the change in the ambient temperature during the first group of outdoor experiments (b), the change in the temperature of the medium in the reactor during the first group of outdoor experiments (c), the final yield of artificial peat humic acid (AHA) in the second and third group of indoor experiments (d), and the final yield of artificial peat humic acid (AHA) in the fourth group of indoor experiments and the fifth group of outdoor experiments (e). Figure 15 This invention provides a technical cost-benefit analysis framework (a), input-output analysis (b), and sensitivity analysis (c) from the perspective of the entire livestock manure treatment chain in Embodiment 7 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1 A method for rapidly converting livestock manure into artificial peat, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: (1) The collected wheat straw (WS) is gradually rinsed with tap water and deionized water to remove the impurities attached to it, dried at 60°C, and crushed for later use.

[0030] (2) After the collected pig manure water settles naturally, the supernatant is filtered to remove large suspended particles and the filtrate is kept for later use.

[0031] (3) In 50 mL polyethylene centrifuge tubes, 30 mL of raw pig manure water (denoted as RSW treatment), 2.5 g of KOH solid, and 30 mL of raw pig manure water at a concentration of 1.5 M (denoted as 1.5 M KOH treatment), 3 g of wheat straw powder, and 30 mL of raw pig manure water (denoted as WS treatment) were respectively added, with RSW, 1.5 M KOH, and WS treatments as controls. Similarly, in a series of 50 mL polyethylene centrifuge tubes, 30 mL of raw pig manure water and 3 g of wheat straw powder were added, and then different amounts of potassium hydroxide (0.17 g, 0.84 g, 1.68 g, 2.52 g, and 3.37 g KOH) were added respectively, and denoted as 0.1 M KOH+WS, 0.5 M KOH+WS treatment, 1 M KOH+WS treatment, 1.5 M KOH+WS treatment, and 2 M KOH+WS treatment) and stirred evenly. All treatments were allowed to stand for 24 h. Then, the mixture was centrifuged and filtered to separate the liquid and solid.

[0032] Three-dimensional fluorescence analysis of the liquid yielded the following results: Figure 2 The three-dimensional fluorescence contour plot is shown below. Figure 2 As can be seen, region I is composed of tyrosine-like substances, region II of tryptophan-like substances, region III of fulvic acid-like substances, region IV of soluble microbial metabolites, and region V of humic acid-like substances. In the water samples treated in this embodiment, the fluorescence of RSW, WS, and 1.5M KOH treatments was concentrated in regions I, II, and IV, indicating that the water-soluble organic matter in these three treatments was mainly composed of amino acids and soluble microbial metabolites. However, the fluorescence intensity of the remaining treatments gradually increased, and with the increase of KOH concentration, the fluorescence intensity of regions I, II, and IV decreased significantly, while the fluorescence intensity of regions III and V increased significantly. Furthermore, the difference in fluorescence intensity among the treatments was not significant after the KOH concentration exceeded 1M. These results indicate that the addition of KOH can promote the formation of fulvic acid and humic acid-like substances, and that 1M KOH is preferable. Figure 3 The photos taken in the image show that after 24 hours of reaction, the liquid in the 1 M KOH+WS treatment changed from light coffee color to dark brown, which is a typical characteristic of the formation of humic acid substances.

[0033] Example 2 A method for rapidly converting livestock manure into artificial peat, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: (1) The collected wheat straw (WS) is gradually rinsed with tap water and deionized water to remove the impurities attached to it, dried at 60°C, and crushed for later use.

[0034] (2) After the collected pig manure water and dairy cow manure water are allowed to settle naturally, the supernatant is filtered to remove large suspended particles. The filtrate is collected and the pig manure water filtrate and dairy cow manure water filtrate are mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1 for later use.

[0035] (3) 10 mL of manure water mixture, 1 g of wheat straw powder and different amounts of potassium hydroxide (0, 0.1 M, 0.5 M, 1 M, 1.5 M, 2 M) were placed in a series of 50 mL polyethylene centrifuge tubes. All treatments were allowed to stand for 24 h before centrifugation and filtration to separate the liquid and solid.

[0036] The determination of humic acid content in the liquid revealed that ( Figure 4 In the treatment without KOH, the humic acid content was very low (<0.15 g / L). However, in the treatments with added KOH, as the KOH concentration increased from 0.1 M to 1 M, the humic acid content gradually increased from 0.88 g / L to 31.2 g / L. When the KOH concentration increased to 1.5 M and 2 M, the humic acid content decreased slightly (28.6~29.7 g / L), but the difference was not significant. This result also confirms that adding 1 M KOH to the system is beneficial for obtaining more humic acid.

[0037] Example 3 A method for rapidly converting livestock manure into artificial peat, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: (1) The collected wheat straw (WS) is gradually rinsed with tap water and deionized water to remove the impurities attached to it, dried at 70°C, and crushed for later use.

[0038] (2) After the collected cow manure water settles naturally, the supernatant is filtered to remove large suspended particles and the filtrate is kept for later use.

[0039] (3) 10 mL of pig manure water, 1 g of corn straw powder and 0.56 g of potassium hydroxide were put into a series of 50 mL polyethylene centrifuge tubes. All treatments were allowed to stand for 0.5 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h respectively, and then centrifuged and filtered to separate the liquid and solid.

[0040] Three-dimensional fluorescence analysis of the liquid yielded the following results: Figure 5 The three-dimensional fluorescence contour plot is shown below. Figure 5 It is evident that the fluorescence in each treatment was mainly concentrated in regions III and V, and the fluorescence intensity increased with increasing reaction time, gradually stabilizing after 12 hours. These results indicate that extending the reaction time is beneficial for the formation of fulvic acid and humic acid in the fecal water, thus promoting the humification process. From an economic perspective, a reaction time of 12 hours is preferable. This result is consistent with the trend of humic acid content changes in the liquid. Figure 6 That is, as the reaction time was extended from 0.5 h to 12 h, the humic acid content increased from 16.2 g / L to 31.3 g / L, and thereafter, further extension of the reaction time had no significant effect on the humic acid content (between 31.1 and 31.3 g / L).

[0041] Example 4 A method for rapidly converting livestock manure into artificial peat, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: (1) The collected wheat straw (WS) is gradually rinsed with tap water and deionized water to remove the impurities attached to it, dried at 70°C, and crushed for later use.

[0042] (2) After the collected cow manure water settles naturally, the supernatant is filtered to remove large suspended particles and the filtrate is kept for later use.

[0043] (3) 10 mL of pig manure water, 1 g of corn straw powder, and 0.50 g of activator were placed in a series of 50 mL polyethylene centrifuge tubes. In this example, the activator was one or more different random combinations of KOH, K2CO3, and K3PO4. After all treatments were allowed to stand for 24 h, they were centrifuged and filtered to separate the liquid and solid. The content of artificial peat humic acid (AHA) in the liquid was analyzed and determined.

[0044] from Figure 7 It can be seen that regardless of whether the activator is one or several different random combinations of KOH, K2CO3 and K3PO4, the method of the present invention can obtain artificial peat moss with a content between 27.4 and 32.3 g / L.

[0045] Experimental Example 1 To understand the characteristics of the artificial peat humic acid prepared by the method of this invention, the liquid sample from Example 1 after 24 hours of reaction was randomly analyzed: AHA was extracted from the liquid product and freeze-dried under vacuum, and compared with commercially available peat humic acid (SHA) and humic acid (MHA) extracted from weathered coal. Figure 8 As can be seen in Figure a, all three humic acids appear as black granules with a metallic luster, but the particles of AHA are slightly smaller than those of SHA and MHA.

[0046] Further processing of these solid materials 13 C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance analysis ( 13 (C NMR), the results are as follows Figure 8 As shown in b. From Figure 8As shown in Figure b, MHA exhibits only two distinct peaks in the carboxyl / carbonyl (peak 1) and aryl (peak 2) regions, with peak 2 showing a higher intensity, indicating stronger aromativity. In contrast, AHA and SHA show more peaks (7 peaks), suggesting more complex structures. Notably, the intensity of peak 2 in AHA and SHA is significantly lower than that in MHA, indicating weaker aromativity in AHA and SHA. However, AHA shows stronger signals at peak 3 (O-aromatic group) and peak 6 (O-CH3 group), characteristic of lignin structural units (e.g., guaiacolyl and syringyl), suggesting that lignin fragments from WS may act as the carbon skeleton during the synthesis of AHA. To verify this conclusion, the composition of the solid samples before and after the reaction was analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1. Compositional analysis of solid samples before and after the reaction. Table 1 shows that the contents of hemicellulose and lignin in the solid products obtained after the reaction decreased significantly, leading to a significant increase in cellulose content. This confirms that the liquid product AHA produced after the reaction originates from the carbon skeleton formed by the reaction of lignin and hemicellulose. This was further confirmed by... 13 Quantitative analysis of the proportion of different functional groups in C NMR analysis confirmed that AHA contains 45.1% aromatic carbon, which is close to SHA (45.6%), but much lower than MHA (79.8%). AHA and SHA are quite similar in other carbon types, polarity, and aromaticity index.

[0048] Furthermore, through the ternary diagram of aliphatic-aromatic-carboxyl / carbonyl groups ( Figure 8 Analysis in section c) shows that the AHA and SHA diagrams are relatively close, but far from the MHA diagram, thus confirming that AHA and SHA have similar structures. Furthermore, this invention analyzed the elemental composition of AHA, SHA, MHA, and WS, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0049] Table 2 Elemental Composition Analysis of AHA, SHA, MHA and WS Table 2 shows that, similar to SHA, AHA has a high nitrogen content and a low carbon content and C / N ratio, indicating that both AHA and SHA belong to the nitrogen-rich humic acid class of substances. Therefore, it can be inferred that AHA has similar plant stimulant and fertilizer effects to SHA in practical applications.

[0050] Experiment Example 2 To further confirm that AHA, as discovered in Example 4, has similar phytostimulant and fertilizer effects to SHA in practical applications, this invention reacted 10 mL of raw pig manure water, 1 g of wheat straw powder, and 0.56 g of potassium hydroxide at room temperature for 12 h. The obtained product was centrifuged and separated to obtain solid and liquid samples. Then, AHA was extracted and purified from the liquid sample. Subsequently, 20 mg of purified AHA was added to 1 L of deionized water and mixed thoroughly to obtain an AHA mixture. 5 mL of the mixture was carefully added to a sterile petri dish lined with sterile filter paper, and 10 radish seeds were carefully added. The dish was then covered and incubated at 25°C. o The cells were incubated in a dark environment at C for 72 hours. During the experiment, 5 mL of deionized water was used as a control, and 5 mL of SHA and 5 mL of MHA were compared.

[0051] The results are as follows Figure 9 As shown. From Figure 9 As can be seen, compared with the control (Control), AHA, similar to SHA, significantly stimulated the germination of radish seeds, and its effect was superior to MHA. This confirms that AHA has a similar plant stimulating effect to SHA in practical applications.

[0052] Considering that the liquid fertilizer (AHA-LF) obtained by this method is rich in nutrients such as humic acid, N, P, and K, this invention further verifies the fertilizer utilization potential of AHA-LF. The specific process is as follows:

[0053] Soil samples from the top 0-20cm layer of farmland collected from the experimental field of Northwest A&F University were removed of stones and plant / animal residues and brought back to the laboratory. After air drying, the soil was carefully crushed with a wooden stick and passed through a nylon soil sieve, retaining soil samples with a particle size ≤2mm for later use. Then, 500g of soil was placed in 12 polyethylene flowerpots, divided into four groups. The first group received no fertilizer and served as a control; the second group received fertilizer (0.007g potassium sulfate; denoted as CF); the third group received 0.5ml of AHA-LF; and the fourth group received 0.5ml of commercial mineral-derived humic acid liquid fertilizer (MHA-LF). Six plump, healthy bok choy seeds were sown in each pot, and deionized water was sprayed to maintain a moisture content of 50% field capacity. One week later, seedlings were thinned, leaving three uniformly growing seedlings per pot. On day 14, 0.075g of urea was applied to each treatment. The pots were then placed in a greenhouse for 28 days, during which time deionized water was added daily based on weight. After the 28-day experiment, plant samples were carefully collected and rinsed sequentially with tap water and deionized water to remove dust and residual soil. The total plant length, stem and leaf length, root length, total fresh weight, and SPAD (spider plant density) were measured and recorded. Simultaneously, rhizosphere soil was collected for soil microbial community analysis.

[0054] The test results are as follows Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown. From Figure 10 and Figure 11 As can be seen from Figure a, the AHA obtained in this invention can significantly promote the growth of Chinese cabbage plants. Compared with the control, CF, and MHA-LF treatment groups, the fresh weight of Chinese cabbage seedlings treated with AHA-LF increased by 18.4%, 92.3%, and 43.4%, respectively. Figure 11 (b) The stem and leaf lengths increased by 4.2%, 25.4%, and 11.3%, respectively. Figure 11 (c) Plant root length ( Figure 11 (d) and SPAD value of relative chlorophyll content ( Figure 11 The concentration of e) also increased significantly. This confirms that the AHA-LF obtained by this technology has good fertilizer application potential, similar to peat moss.

[0055] Furthermore, there are complex interactions between the rhizosphere microbial community and plants, and its composition and function have a close impact on plant growth and health. Therefore, this invention uses metagenomic sequencing to analyze the effects of AHA-LF on the rhizosphere microbial community of Chinese cabbage. Figure 11 f and Figure 11 (g). In all treatments, Salmonella Sphingomonas It is the most numerous genus of fungi, accounting for 7.0% to 8.4% ( Figure 11 (f). As a beneficial genus, Salmonella can secrete plant hormones (such as indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellin) and siderophores to promote plant growth. In AHA treatment, Salmonella... Sphingomonas The relative abundance of *AHA* was 4.7% higher than the control group (Control) and 11.8% higher than the CF treatment. Furthermore, for the AHA treatment group, *Masseria* species with phosphate-solubilizing capabilities were present. Massilia The relative abundance of [the substance] was 37.5% and 68.4% higher than that of the control group and the MHA treatment group, respectively. Figure 11 (f). These results indicate that AHA promotes the growth and reproduction of certain beneficial microorganisms in the plant rhizosphere. Notably, both Salmonella and Masseriaceae can degrade organic pollutants (such as pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and are tolerant of heavy metals, suggesting that AHA-LF has the potential for remediation and improvement of contaminated soils.

[0056] This invention further utilizes the PROBIO database to screen known plant probiotics and analyze their functional characteristics. The probiotics in the AHA treatment group demonstrated superior performance in plant nitrogen supply, nutrient availability, plant growth, crop yield, and plant survival under extreme conditions, while showing a lower risk of fungal and bacterial infections. Figure 12 a and Figure 12(b) This indicates that AHA can promote plant growth by enhancing the function of rhizosphere probiotics. Furthermore, the abundance of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes in the AHA-treated group was not significantly different compared to other treatments. Figure 11 g, Figure 13 The results indicate that the application of AHA treatment did not increase the content of heavy metals and antibiotics in the soil. This is consistent with the analysis results of AHA, which showed that no antibiotics, roundworm eggs, E. coli, or other pathogens were detected in AHA. Furthermore, apart from the levels of heavy metals Cu and Zn being below 2 mg / kg, no other toxic heavy metals were detected. These experimental results confirm the safety of AHA for soil application.

[0057] Experimental Example 3 This invention expanded the experimental scale and conducted experiments during winter. Five sets of experiments were conducted. The first set involved mixing 30L of dairy cow manure water, 3kg of wheat straw, and 1.68kg of potassium hydroxide, with the ambient temperature at -5°C. o C to 8 o The reaction was carried out between 0.5 and 120 h at temperatures between 20 and 23°C. The second group consisted of 30 L of dairy cow manure water, 5 kg of wheat straw, and 1.68 kg of potassium hydroxide, reacted in the laboratory on the day of the experiment (at temperatures between 20 and 23°C). o C) An experiment was conducted (reaction time 120 h). The third group consisted of 30 L of raw pig manure, 5 kg of wheat straw, and 1.68 kg of potassium hydroxide, which were reacted in a laboratory at 20-23°C. o C) An experiment was conducted (reaction time 120 h). The fourth group consisted of 20 L of dairy cow manure, 10 L of pig manure, 5 kg of wheat straw, and 1.68 kg of potassium hydroxide, which were reacted indoors on the day of the experiment (temperature 20-23°C). o C) An experiment was conducted (reaction time 120 h). The fifth group consisted of 20 L of dairy cow manure, 10 L of pig manure, 5 kg of wheat straw, and 1.68 kg of potassium hydroxide, and reacted outdoors (ambient temperature -5°C). o C to 8 o The experiment was conducted between [temperature range] (reaction time 120 h). After the reaction, the obtained product was centrifuged and separated, yielding 24.76–25.98 kg of liquid AHA sample (average 24.84 kg, equivalent to 0.69 tons of liquid AHA product per ton of material) and 1.72–1.98 kg of solid (dry weight, average 1.854 kg, equivalent to 51.5 kg of liquid AHA product per ton of material). Analysis of the obtained solid material revealed a high cellulose content of 59.8%–64.6%, significantly higher than the cellulose content of raw wheat straw (33.6%). Therefore, this solid material holds promise as a raw material for other industrial applications.

[0058] Furthermore, this invention focuses on the continuous sampling and analysis of samples from the first group of experiments, and the results are shown in […]. Figure 14 a. From Figure 14 As shown in Figure a, the AHA content in the liquid product gradually increased with the extension of experimental time, and gradually approached equilibrium after 72 hours, reaching 26.2 g / L. Although in the low-temperature outdoor environment of winter (… Figure 14 The experiment conducted in (b) showed that the self-heating effect of the reaction medium within the experimental system enabled the reaction medium to maintain a relatively high temperature (25.3°C) for 72 hours. o C~42.4 o C) Figure 14 (c). In the indoor experiments, the AHA content in the cow manure treatment group (second group) and the pig manure treatment group (third group) was 32.5 g / L and 31.2 g / L, respectively. Figure 14 (d). Similarly, in the fourth group of indoor experiments and the fifth group of outdoor experiments, the AHA content was 31.5 g / L and 25.9 g / L, respectively. These results indicate that the low temperature environment in winter has a certain inhibitory effect on the formation of AHA, but the self-heating effect of the reaction medium in the experimental system can still form humic acid AHA normally, indicating that the technology of this invention has good environmental adaptability in practical applications.

[0059] To promote the engineering application of the technology of this invention, this invention further conducted a cost-benefit analysis of the technology from the perspective of the entire processing chain. Figure 15 (a) It is estimated that the input cost of the method provided by this invention mainly comes from KOH and K3PO4, but the returns are considerable. Figure 15 (b) The total sales profit per ton of AHA-LF humic acid liquid fertilizer produced is between 1539 and 9689 yuan. Figure 15 (c) has high economic promotion value.

[0060] The above embodiments are merely implementation examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All technical solutions that fall within the scope of the present invention are protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly converting livestock manure into artificial peat, characterized in that, Follow these steps: Plant residues are added to livestock manure, followed by an activator. After reacting at room temperature, solid-liquid separation is performed, and the resulting liquid is the artificial peat moss. The activator is a potassium-containing, strongly alkaline substance.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activator is one or a combination of potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate and potassium phosphate.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing ratio of the plant residues to the livestock manure is 1g:10~100mL.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of activator added is 0.5~2.0 mol / L, based on the total mixed volume of livestock manure and plant residues.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The room temperature reaction is carried out by stirring at room temperature for 6 to 72 hours.

6. An artificial peat moss prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The artificial peat moss according to claim 6, characterized in that, The humic acid concentration of the artificial peat moss is 25.9~32.5 g / L.

8. The use of the artificial peat moss as described in claim 6 as a humic acid fertilizer.

9. A solid cellulose prepared according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, After reacting at room temperature, solid-liquid separation is performed, and the resulting solid is solid cellulose with a purity of 59.8%~64.6%.

10. The use of the solid cellulose of claim 9 as an industrial raw material.

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