Compound microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a compound microbial organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.The compound microbial organic fertilizer is prepared from, by mass, 50%-65% of organic matter, 12%-20% of inorganic nutrients, 0.8-1 billion / g of functional microorganisms, 6%-8% of medium trace elements, 0.5%-1.5% of auxiliaries and less than or equal to 30% of water, and the auxiliaries are selected from one of sugar alcohol complexing auxiliaries, EDTA, citric acid and anti-blocking agents; the microorganisms in the compound microbial organic fertilizer have a synergistic effect, and the photosynthetic bacteria synthesize organic matters through photosynthesis, so that a carbon source and an energy source are provided for nitrogen-fixing bacteria and actinomycetes; the nitrogen-fixing bacteria provide a nitrogen source and support the growth of heterotrophic bacteria such as bacillus subtilis; elements such as potassium, calcium and magnesium released by the bacillus mucilaginosus promote the metabolic activity of photosynthetic bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in turn; the actinomycetes decompose organic matters and release substrates which can be utilized by bacillus megatherium and bacillus mucilaginosus; the compound microorganism is subjected to embedding treatment by adopting a sodium alginate wall material, and the field planting rate can be increased by 130% or above.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer, and in particular to a compound microbial organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The compound microbial organic fertilizer is a new environment-friendly fertilizer prepared by combining organic materials with various beneficial microbial agents. The compound microbial organic fertilizer contains not only organic matter and nutrient elements (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements) required for crop growth, but also active microorganisms with specific functions, and can improve soil structure, increase nutrient utilization rate, enhance crop stress resistance, and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

[0003] Some commercially available compound microbial organic fertilizers have the following problems: 1) Paenibacillus, the function is concentrated in single phosphorus-solubilizing and potassium-solubilizing bacteria, and the function is homogeneous; 2) Poor antagonism and synergy of microbial flora, blind combination leads to mutual inhibition between strains, affecting the effect; 3) Microorganisms are difficult to store in soil, and the field planting rate is less than 30%.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a compound microbial organic fertilizer with multiple strains and comprehensive functions. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a compound microbial organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which are used to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the technical problems is: A compound microbial organic fertilizer, which comprises the following components in mass fraction: organic matter 50% to 65%, inorganic nutrients 12% to 20%, functional microorganisms 8 billion to 10 billion / g, trace elements 6% to 8%, additives 0.5% to 1.5%, and water ≤30%, The trace elements include Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, B, Cu, Mn and Si, wherein the content of Fe is 350 to 10000 mg / kg, the content of Mn is 300 to 390 mg / kg, the content of Zn is 164.8 to 220.7 mg / kg, and the content of Cu is 30 to 40 mg / kg, The additive is selected from one of a sugar alcohol complexing agent, EDTA, citric acid and an anti-caking agent.

[0007] Further, the additive is a sugar alcohol complexing agent, which includes sorbitol and mannitol, and the mass ratio of sorbitol to mannitol is 1:1.

[0008] Further, the sugar alcohol complexing agent further includes erythritol, and the addition amount of erythritol is 1 / 3 of the total mass of sorbitol and mannitol.

[0009] Further, the inorganic nutrient is selected from at least one of urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, active potassium chloride and potassium chloride.

[0010] Further, the functional microorganism is selected from at least two of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and actinomycetes.

[0011] Bacillus subtilis produces antibacterial substances (such as subtilin), induces plant resistance, secretes phytase to promote phosphorus release, and has nitrogen fixation, disease resistance, nitrogen fixation and growth promotion effects; Bacillus mycoides decomposes silicate minerals to release potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and other trace elements, and has nitrogen fixation ability, and mainly plays a role in potassium release, phosphorus release and nitrogen fixation; Bacillus licheniformis secretes organic acids and phosphatase to dissolve insoluble phosphate, and inhibits pathogenic fungi, and mainly plays a role in phosphorus release and antibacterial effect; Bacillus licheniformis produces antibacterial proteins, competes for ecological niches, induces plant resistance, secretes ACC deaminase to alleviate adversity stress, and mainly plays a role in disease resistance, antibacterial effect and growth promotion; Photosynthetic bacteria use light energy to synthesize organic matter, secrete amino acids and sugars to provide carbon and energy sources for other bacteria, and mainly play a role in growth promotion and soil environment improvement; Nitrogen-fixing bacteria provide nitrogen sources to support the growth of bacterial populations and plants, and are "nitrogen basic suppliers" for fixing atmospheric nitrogen; Actinomycetes produce antibiotics to inhibit pathogenic bacteria, decompose lignin and cellulose and other difficult-to-degrade organic matter, and are used for antibacterial and organic matter decomposition.

[0012] The aforementioned microorganisms work synergistically: photosynthetic bacteria synthesize organic matter (such as amino acids and sugars) through photosynthesis, providing carbon and energy sources for nitrogen-fixing bacteria and actinomycetes; nitrogen-fixing bacteria provide nitrogen sources to support the growth of heterotrophic bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis; elements such as potassium, calcium, and magnesium released by Bacillus megaterium, in turn, promote the metabolic activity of photosynthetic bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria; and actinomycetes decompose organic matter, releasing substrates that can be utilized by Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus megaterium. Bacillus subtilis primarily colonizes the rhizosphere, photosynthetic bacteria are mostly distributed in the topsoil, and actinomycetes are active in areas rich in organic matter, forming spatial stratification and reducing resource competition. The combined use of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis can simultaneously inhibit pathogens and induce plant resistance, with disease control effects superior to single-strain combinations. The combination of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus simultaneously solubilizes phosphorus and potassium, improving fertilizer utilization and promoting crop absorption. The combination of actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria enhances the inhibitory effect on pathogens; their "mixed team" infects pathogens dozens of times more effectively than single-strain combinations. Bacillus species (such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus megaterium) form spores, are drought-resistant, heat-resistant, and acid- and alkali-resistant, and can survive in harsh environments. Photosynthetic bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria multiply rapidly under suitable conditions, forming a "vanguard + rearguard" ecological strategy, enhancing the overall stability of the microbial community.

[0013] Furthermore, the organic matter is selected from at least two of the following: livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, bran, oilseed meal, castor meal, bone meal, humic acid, sucralose residue, tobacco residue, and mushroom residue, after being rendered harmless by high temperature or microbial composting.

[0014] Furthermore, the functional microorganisms are encapsulated using sodium alginate wall material, the composition of which is as follows: sodium alginate 1.0~2.0%, calcium chloride solution 0.1~0.2M.

[0015] The embedding process is as follows: 1) Preparation of bacterial culture: Select cells in the logarithmic growth phase (live count ≥ 10⁻⁶). 9 CFU / mL Collect the bacterial cells by centrifugation, wash twice with sterile physiological saline, resuspend in 1.5% sodium alginate solution, and mix well.

[0016] 2) Add crosslinking agent dropwise: Use a syringe or dropper to add the bacterial culture-sodium alginate mixture dropwise into a 0.1 M CaCl2 solution. Form gel beads with a diameter of 2-4 mm and allow them to stand and harden for 15-30 minutes.

[0017] 3) Washing and drying: Rinse the gel beads 2-3 times with sterile water to remove residual CaCl2. It can be air-dried at low temperature (30~35℃) until the moisture content is ≤10%, or freeze-dried for storage.

[0018] A method for preparing a compound microbial organic fertilizer, the method comprising the following steps: 1) Mixing: Use a mechanical grab bucket to grab livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue according to the proportion of ingredients, and spread them out to achieve the premixing of materials; 2) Thermal enzyme reaction: The premixed raw materials are transferred to the high-temperature thermal enzyme reactor via an electric grab bucket on a track. The materials are rapidly heated in the thermal enzyme reactor. At the same time, thermal enzyme agents are added and mixed during this process. The reaction is completed after 6-8 hours. 3) Biological fermentation and turning: The material after the thermal enzyme reaction is completed enters the biological fermentation process. In the trough fermentation tank, a fully automatic unmanned turning machine and a high-pressure aeration system at the bottom of the fermentation tank ensure that the material receives sufficient oxygen during fermentation, thus accelerating the fermentation process. The first stage of the fermentation tank process realizes the primary fermentation of the material, and the second stage process realizes the secondary composting. 4) Aging and composting: The aging stage is used to further compost materials that have already completed fermentation, so as to maximize the effect of biological agents; 5) Crushing: The post-fermentation material from the belt conveyor is crushed by a plate chain crusher; 6) Screening / Granulation: After being crushed, the material is screened by a vibrating screen. In this process, microbial agents are added to the organic fertilizer according to the product requirements. The high-quality organic fertilizer screened out will be granulated using a granulator.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 2), the amount of thermo-enzyme agent added is 0.5–1.5 kg / t, and the thermo-enzyme agent is selected from at least two of cellulose-degrading bacteria, lignin-oxidizing bacteria, and protease-producing bacteria.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 2), the thermo-enzyme agent is a compound strain of vitamin-degrading bacteria, lignin-oxidizing bacteria, and protease bacteria mixed in a mass ratio of 4:2:1. Before inoculation, it is first activated with 2% molasses water at 35~40℃ for 2 hours, and then sprayed evenly.

[0021] Furthermore, the process conditions for primary fermentation in step 3) are as follows: control the thickness of the pile to be 1.5~1.8m, the moisture content to be 50~60%, the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25~30, raise the temperature to 55℃ on the first 1~2 days and maintain it at ≥55℃ for 3~5 days, turn the pile once a day, control the fermentation cycle to be 7~8 days, and maintain ventilation during the gelling process to maintain the oxygen content in the fermentation pile at ≥10%. When the temperature begins to drop, the moisture content drops to 35~40%, and there is no foul odor, stop the fermentation. The process conditions for secondary composting are as follows: the material after primary fermentation is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature, the pile temperature is controlled to be ≤40℃, the material is turned over every 2-3 days to maintain the oxygen concentration, the composting cycle is 10-15 days, and the secondary composting is ended when the moisture content is about 30% and the C / N ratio is ≤20.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In the compound microbial organic fertilizer of this invention, the various microorganisms work synergistically. Photosynthetic bacteria synthesize organic matter (such as amino acids and sugars) through photosynthesis, providing carbon and energy sources for nitrogen-fixing bacteria and actinomycetes. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria provide nitrogen sources to support the growth of heterotrophic bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis. The potassium, calcium, magnesium and other elements released by Bacillus megaterium promote the metabolic activity of photosynthetic bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in turn. Actinomycetes decompose organic matter and release substrates that can be utilized by Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus megaterium. The fertilizer has comprehensive functions and excellent synergistic effects.

[0023] The composite microorganisms in this invention are encapsulated using sodium alginate wall material, which can increase the field planting rate by more than 130%. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with the aid of embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The compound microbial organic fertilizer of this invention has the following composition by weight: 50%~65% organic matter, 12%~20% inorganic nutrients, 800-1 billion / g functional microorganisms, 6%~8% trace elements, 0.5%~1.5% additives, and ≤30% moisture. The trace elements include Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, B, Cu, Mn, and Si, with Fe content ranging from 350 to 10,000 mg / kg, Mn content from 300 to 390 mg / kg, Zn content from 164.8 to 220.7 mg / kg, and Cu content from 30 to 40 mg / kg.

[0026] The functional microorganisms are selected from at least two of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and actinomycetes.

[0027] Bacillus subtilis produces antibacterial substances (such as subtilisin), induces plant resistance, secretes phytase to promote phosphorus release, and fixes nitrogen, thus playing a role in disease resistance, nitrogen fixation, and growth promotion. Bacillus cannabinoids decompose silicate minerals, releasing trace elements such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, and iron. They also have nitrogen-fixing capabilities, and their main functions are potassium solubilization, phosphorus release, and nitrogen fixation. Bacillus licheniformis secretes organic acids and phosphatases, which dissolve insoluble phosphates and inhibit pathogenic fungi, mainly playing a role in phosphate solubilization and antibacterial action. Bacillus licheniformis produces antimicrobial proteins, competes for ecological niches, induces plant resistance, and secretes ACC deaminase to alleviate abiotic stress. Its main functions are disease resistance, antibacterial activity, and growth promotion. Photosynthetic bacteria use light energy to synthesize organic matter and secrete amino acids and sugars, providing carbon and energy sources for other bacteria. They mainly play a role in promoting growth and improving the soil environment. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria provide nitrogen sources, support the growth of bacterial communities and plants, and are "basic nitrogen suppliers" used to fix nitrogen in the air; Actinomycetes produce antibiotics, inhibit pathogens, and decompose lignin, cellulose, and other recalcitrant organic matter, thus playing a role in antibacterial activity and the breakdown of organic matter.

[0028] The aforementioned microorganisms work synergistically: photosynthetic bacteria synthesize organic matter (such as amino acids and sugars) through photosynthesis, providing carbon and energy sources for nitrogen-fixing bacteria and actinomycetes; nitrogen-fixing bacteria provide nitrogen sources to support the growth of heterotrophic bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis; elements such as potassium, calcium, and magnesium released by Bacillus megaterium, in turn, promote the metabolic activity of photosynthetic bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria; and actinomycetes decompose organic matter, releasing substrates that can be utilized by Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus megaterium. Bacillus subtilis primarily colonizes the rhizosphere, photosynthetic bacteria are mostly distributed in the topsoil, and actinomycetes are active in areas rich in organic matter, forming spatial stratification and reducing resource competition. The combined use of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis can simultaneously inhibit pathogens and induce plant resistance, with disease control effects superior to single-strain combinations. The combination of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus simultaneously solubilizes phosphorus and potassium, improving fertilizer utilization and promoting crop absorption. The combination of actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria enhances the inhibitory effect on pathogens; their "mixed team" infects pathogens dozens of times more effectively than single-strain combinations. Bacillus species (such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus megaterium) form spores, are drought-resistant, heat-resistant, and acid- and alkali-resistant, and can survive in harsh environments. Photosynthetic bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria multiply rapidly under suitable conditions, forming a "vanguard + rearguard" ecological strategy, enhancing the overall stability of the microbial community.

[0029] Example 1 A compound microbial organic fertilizer has the following composition by weight: 65% organic matter, 12% inorganic nutrients, 800-1 billion functional microorganisms / g, 6% trace elements, 0.5% additives, and 16.5% moisture. The trace elements include Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, B, Cu, Mn, and Si, with Fe content at 500 mg / kg, Mn content at 300 mg / kg, Zn content at 164.8 mg / kg, and Cu content at 30 mg / kg. Among them, the adjuvants selected are sugar alcohol complexing adjuvants, including sorbitol and mannitol, with a mass ratio of sorbitol to mannitol of 1:1.

[0030] Among them, the inorganic nutrients selected are urea and monoammonium phosphate, and their mass ratio is arbitrary.

[0031] Among them, the functional microorganisms selected are Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosus, in a ratio of 2:1.

[0032] The organic matter is selected from livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue that have been rendered harmless through high temperature or microbial composting, with a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0033] Among them, the functional microorganisms were encapsulated using sodium alginate wall material, and the percentage composition of the sodium alginate wall material was as follows: sodium alginate 1.0%, calcium chloride solution 0.1M.

[0034] The embedding process is as follows: 1) Preparation of bacterial culture: Select cells in the logarithmic growth phase (live count ≥ 10⁻⁶). 9 CFU / mL Collect the bacterial cells by centrifugation, wash twice with sterile physiological saline, resuspend in 1.0% sodium alginate solution, and mix well.

[0035] 2) Add crosslinking agent dropwise: Use a syringe or dropper to add the bacterial culture-sodium alginate mixture dropwise into a 0.1 M CaCl2 solution. Form gel beads with a diameter of 2 mm and let them stand to harden for 15 minutes.

[0036] 3) Washing and drying: twice to remove residual CaCl2. Air dry at low temperature (30℃) until the moisture content is 8%, then freeze dry for storage.

[0037] The preparation method of the above-mentioned compound microbial organic fertilizer includes the following steps: 1) Mixing: Use a mechanical grab bucket to grab livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue according to the proportion of ingredients, and spread them out to achieve the premixing of materials; 2) Thermal enzyme reaction: The premixed raw materials are transferred to the high-temperature thermal enzyme reactor via an electric grab bucket on a track. The materials are rapidly heated in the thermal enzyme reactor. At the same time, thermal enzyme agents are added and mixed during this process. The reaction is completed after 6 hours. The addition amount of the thermo-enzyme agent is 0.5 kg / t. The thermo-enzyme agent is a compound strain of vitamin-degrading bacteria, lignin-oxidizing bacteria and protease bacteria mixed in a mass ratio of 4:2:1. Before inoculation, it is activated with 2% molasses water at 35~40℃ for 2 hours, and then sprayed evenly.

[0038] 3) Biological fermentation and turning: The material after the thermal enzyme reaction is completed enters the biological fermentation process. In the trough fermentation tank, a fully automatic unmanned turning machine and a high-pressure aeration system at the bottom of the fermentation tank ensure that the material receives sufficient oxygen during fermentation, thus accelerating the fermentation process. The first stage of the fermentation tank process realizes the primary fermentation of the material, and the second stage process realizes the secondary composting. The process conditions for primary fermentation are as follows: control the thickness of the pile to be 1.5m, the moisture content to be 50%, the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25, raise the temperature to 55℃ on the first day and maintain it at 55℃-65℃ for 3 days, turn the pile once a day, control the fermentation cycle to be 7 days, and keep the ventilation during the gelling process to maintain the oxygen content in the fermentation pile at 20%. When the temperature begins to drop, the moisture content drops to 35%, and there is no foul odor, stop the fermentation. The process conditions for secondary composting are as follows: the material after primary fermentation is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature, the pile temperature is controlled to be ≤40℃, the material is turned over every 2-3 days to maintain the oxygen concentration, the composting cycle is 10 days, and the secondary composting ends when the moisture content is about 30% and the C / N ratio is 20.

[0039] 4) Aging and composting: The aging stage is used to further compost materials that have already completed fermentation, so as to maximize the effect of biological agents; 5) Crushing: The post-fermentation material from the belt conveyor is crushed by a plate chain crusher; 6) Screening / Granulation: After being crushed, the material is screened by a vibrating screen. In this process, microbial agents are added to the organic fertilizer according to the product requirements. The high-quality organic fertilizer screened out will be granulated using a granulator.

[0040] Example 2 A compound microbial organic fertilizer has the following composition by weight: 50% organic matter, 20% inorganic nutrients, 800-1 billion / g functional microorganisms, 8% trace elements, 1.5% additives, and 20.5% moisture. The trace elements include Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, B, Cu, Mn, and Si, with Fe content at 8000 mg / kg, Mn content at 330 mg / kg, Zn content at 180 mg / kg, and Cu content at 35 mg / kg. Among them, the adjuvants selected are sugar alcohol complexing adjuvants, including sorbitol, mannitol and erythritol. The mass ratio of sorbitol to mannitol is 1:1, and the amount of erythritol added is 1 / 3 of the total mass of sorbitol and mannitol.

[0041] Among them, the inorganic nutrients selected are urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride, and their mass ratio is arbitrary.

[0042] Among them, the functional microorganisms selected are Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and actinomycetes, with a ratio of 12:25:20:10:8:7:8.

[0043] The organic matter is selected from livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue that have been rendered harmless through high temperature or microbial composting, with a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0044] The functional microorganisms are encapsulated using sodium alginate wall material, which has the following percentage composition: sodium alginate 1.5% and calcium chloride solution 0.15M.

[0045] The embedding process is as follows: 1) Preparation of bacterial culture: Select cells in the logarithmic growth phase (live count ≥ 10⁻⁶). 9 CFU / mL Collect the bacterial cells by centrifugation, wash twice with sterile physiological saline, resuspend in 1.5% sodium alginate solution, and mix well.

[0046] 2) Add crosslinking agent dropwise: Use a syringe or dropper to add the bacterial culture-sodium alginate mixture dropwise into a 0.1 M CaCl2 solution. Form gel beads with a diameter of 3 mm and let them stand to harden for 20 minutes.

[0047] 3) Washing and drying: Rinse the gel beads three times with sterile water to remove residual CaCl2. Air dry at low temperature (32℃) until the moisture content is 9%, or freeze dry for storage.

[0048] A method for preparing a compound microbial organic fertilizer includes the following steps: 1) Mixing: Use a mechanical grab bucket to grab livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue according to the proportion of ingredients, and spread them out to achieve the premixing of materials; 2) Thermal enzyme reaction: The premixed raw materials are transferred to the high-temperature thermal enzyme reactor via an electric grab bucket on a track. The materials are rapidly heated in the thermal enzyme reactor. At the same time, thermal enzyme agents are added and mixed during this process. The reaction is completed after 6-8 hours. The addition amount of the thermo-enzyme agent is 1 kg / t. The thermo-enzyme agent is a compound strain of vitamin-degrading bacteria, lignin-oxidizing bacteria and protease bacteria mixed in a mass ratio of 4:2:1. Before inoculation, it is activated with 2% molasses water at 35~40℃ for 2 hours, and then sprayed evenly.

[0049] 3) Biological fermentation and turning: The material after the thermal enzyme reaction is completed enters the biological fermentation process. In the trough fermentation tank, a fully automatic unmanned turning machine and a high-pressure aeration system at the bottom of the fermentation tank ensure that the material receives sufficient oxygen during fermentation, thus accelerating the fermentation process. The first stage of the fermentation tank process realizes the primary fermentation of the material, and the second stage process realizes the secondary composting. The process conditions for primary fermentation are as follows: control the thickness of the pile to be 1.6m, the moisture content to be 55%, the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 28, raise the temperature to 55℃ on the second day and maintain it at 65℃ for 4 days, turn the pile once a day, control the fermentation cycle to be 8 days, and keep ventilation during the gelling process to maintain the oxygen content in the fermentation pile at 20%. When the temperature begins to drop, the moisture content drops to 40%, and there is no foul odor, stop fermentation. The process conditions for secondary composting are as follows: the material after primary fermentation is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature, the pile temperature is controlled at 35℃, the material is turned over every 3 days to maintain the oxygen concentration, the composting cycle is 15 days, and the secondary composting ends when the moisture content is about 30% and the C / N ratio is 18.

[0050] 4) Aging and composting: The aging stage is used to further compost materials that have already completed fermentation, so as to maximize the effect of biological agents; 5) Crushing: The post-fermentation material from the belt conveyor is crushed by a plate chain crusher; 6) Screening / Granulation: After being crushed, the material is screened by a vibrating screen. In this process, microbial agents are added to the organic fertilizer according to the product requirements. The high-quality organic fertilizer screened out will be granulated using a granulator.

[0051] Example 3 A compound microbial organic fertilizer has the following composition by weight: 55% organic matter, 20% inorganic nutrients, 1 billion / g functional microorganisms, 8% trace elements, 1.5% additives, and ≤15.5% moisture. The trace elements include Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, B, Cu, Mn, and Si, with Fe content at 10000 mg / kg, Mn content at 390 mg / kg, Zn content at 220.7 mg / kg, and Cu content at 40 mg / kg. Among them, the adjuvants selected are sugar alcohol complexing adjuvants, including sorbitol, mannitol and erythritol. The mass ratio of sorbitol to mannitol is 1:1, and the amount of erythritol added is 1 / 3 of the total mass of sorbitol and mannitol.

[0052] Among them, the inorganic nutrients selected are urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride, and their mass ratio is arbitrary.

[0053] Among them, the functional microorganisms selected are Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and actinomycetes, with a ratio of 12:25:20:10:8:7:8.

[0054] The organic matter is selected from livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue that have been rendered harmless through high temperature or microbial composting, with a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0055] The functional microorganisms are encapsulated using sodium alginate wall material, which has the following percentage composition: sodium alginate 2.0% and calcium chloride solution 0.2M.

[0056] The embedding process is as follows: 1) Preparation of bacterial culture: Select cells in the logarithmic growth phase (live count ≥ 10⁻⁶). 9 CFU / mL Collect the bacterial cells by centrifugation, wash twice with sterile physiological saline, resuspend in 1.5% sodium alginate solution, and mix well.

[0057] 2) Add crosslinking agent dropwise: Use a syringe or dropper to add the bacterial culture-sodium alginate mixture dropwise into a 0.1 M CaCl2 solution. Form gel beads with a diameter of 4 mm and let them stand to harden for 30 minutes.

[0058] 3) Washing and drying: Rinse the gel beads three times with sterile water to remove residual CaCl2. It can be air-dried at low temperature (35℃) until the moisture content is 8%, or freeze-dried for storage.

[0059] A method for preparing a compound microbial organic fertilizer includes the following steps: 1) Mixing: Use a mechanical grab bucket to grab livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue according to the proportion of ingredients, and spread them out to achieve the premixing of materials; 2) Thermal enzyme reaction: The premixed raw materials are transferred to the high-temperature thermal enzyme reactor via an electric grab bucket on a track. The materials are rapidly heated in the thermal enzyme reactor. At the same time, thermal enzyme agents are added and mixed during this process. The reaction is completed after 8 hours. The addition amount of the thermo-enzyme agent is 1.5 kg / t. The thermo-enzyme agent is a compound strain of vitamin-degrading bacteria, lignin-oxidizing bacteria and protease bacteria mixed in a mass ratio of 4:2:1. Before inoculation, it is first activated with 2% molasses water at ~40℃ for 2 hours, and then sprayed evenly.

[0060] 3) Biological fermentation and turning: The material after the thermal enzyme reaction is completed enters the biological fermentation process. In the trough fermentation tank, a fully automatic unmanned turning machine and a high-pressure aeration system at the bottom of the fermentation tank ensure that the material receives sufficient oxygen during fermentation, thus accelerating the fermentation process. The first stage of the fermentation tank process realizes the primary fermentation of the material, and the second stage process realizes the secondary composting. The process conditions for primary fermentation are as follows: control the thickness of the pile to be 1.8m, the moisture content to be 60%, the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 30, raise the temperature to 55℃ on the second day and maintain it at 60℃ for 5 days, turn the pile once a day, control the fermentation cycle to be 7 days, and keep ventilation during the gelling process to maintain the oxygen content in the fermentation pile at 20%. When the temperature begins to drop, the moisture content drops to 40%, and there is no foul odor, stop fermentation. The process conditions for secondary composting are as follows: the material after primary fermentation is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature, the pile temperature is controlled at 35℃, the material is turned over every 3 days to maintain the oxygen concentration, the composting cycle is 15 days, the moisture content is about 30%, and the secondary composting ends when the C / N ratio is 15.

[0061] 4) Aging and composting: The aging stage is used to further compost materials that have already completed fermentation, so as to maximize the effect of biological agents; 5) Crushing: The post-fermentation material from the belt conveyor is crushed by a plate chain crusher; 6) Screening / Granulation: After being crushed, the material is screened by a vibrating screen. In this process, microbial agents are added to the organic fertilizer according to the product requirements. The high-quality organic fertilizer screened out will be granulated using a granulator.

[0062] Comparative Example 1 Inactivated substrate control (no bacteria inoculated).

[0063] Comparative Example 2 Unlike Example 2, the functional microorganisms in this example were not encapsulated with sodium alginate wall material.

[0064] Comparative Example 3 Unlike Example 2, the functional microorganism in this example is a single species, containing only Bacillus subtilis.

[0065] Table 1 Laboratory data for compound microbial organic fertilizer Tomato pot experiment, variety "cherry tomato", cycle 30 days.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compound microbial organic fertilizer, characterized in that: Its composition by weight is as follows: organic matter 50%~65%, inorganic nutrients 12%~20%, functional microorganisms 800-1 billion / g, trace elements 6%~8%, additives 0.5%~1.5%, moisture ≤30%. The trace elements include Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, B, Cu, Mn, and Si, wherein the content of Fe is 350~10000 mg / kg, the content of Mn is 300~390 mg / kg, the content of Zn is 164.8~220.7 mg / kg, and the content of Cu is 30~40 mg / kg. The adjuvant is selected from one of the following: sugar alcohol complexing adjuvant, EDTA, citric acid, and anti-caking agent.

2. The compound microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjuvant is a sugar alcohol complexing adjuvant, including sorbitol and mannitol, wherein the mass ratio of sorbitol to mannitol is 1:

1.

3. The compound microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sugar alcohol complexing agent also includes erythritol, which is added in an amount equal to 1 / 3 of the total mass of sorbitol and mannitol.

4. The compound microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic nutrients are selected from at least one of urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, and potassium chloride.

5. The compound microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional microorganisms are selected from at least two of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and actinomycetes.

6. The compound microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The functional microorganisms are encapsulated using sodium alginate wall material, which has the following percentage composition: sodium alginate 1.0~2.0% and calcium chloride solution 0.1~0.2M.

7. The compound microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic matter is selected from at least two of the following: livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, bran, oilseed meal, castor meal, bone meal, humic acid, sucralose residue, tobacco residue, and mushroom residue, after being rendered harmless by high temperature or microbial composting.

8. A method for preparing a compound microbial organic fertilizer as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The preparation method includes the following steps: 1) Mixing: Use a mechanical grab bucket to grab livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue according to the proportion of ingredients, and spread them out to achieve the premixing of materials; 2) Thermal enzyme reaction: The premixed raw materials are transferred to the high-temperature thermal enzyme reactor via an electric grab bucket on a track. The materials are rapidly heated in the thermal enzyme reactor. At the same time, thermal enzyme agents are added and mixed during this process. The reaction is completed after 6-8 hours. 3) Biological fermentation and turning: The material after the thermal enzyme reaction is completed enters the biological fermentation process. In the trough fermentation tank, a fully automatic unmanned turning machine and a high-pressure aeration system at the bottom of the fermentation tank ensure that the material receives sufficient oxygen during fermentation, thus accelerating the fermentation process. The first stage of the fermentation tank process realizes the primary fermentation of the material, and the second stage process realizes the secondary composting. 4) Aging and composting: The aging stage is used to further compost materials that have already completed fermentation, so as to maximize the effect of biological agents; 5) Crushing: The post-fermentation material from the belt conveyor is crushed by a plate chain crusher; 6) Screening / Granulation: After being crushed, the material is screened by a vibrating screen. In this process, microbial agents are added to the organic fertilizer according to the product requirements. The high-quality organic fertilizer screened out will be granulated using a granulator.

9. The method for preparing a compound microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 2), the amount of thermo-enzyme agent added is 0.5–1.5 kg / t, and the thermo-enzyme agent is selected from at least two of cellulose-degrading bacteria, lignin-oxidizing bacteria, and protease-producing bacteria.

10. The method for preparing a compound microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 2), the thermo-enzyme agent is a compound strain of vitamin-degrading bacteria, lignin-oxidizing bacteria, and protease bacteria mixed in a mass ratio of 4:2:

1. Before inoculation, it is first activated with 2% molasses water at 35~40℃ for 2 hours, and then sprayed evenly.

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