Splicing and positioning device for variable-cross-section steel structure stand column and mounting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable cross-section steel structure stand column splicing positioning device and an installation method, the variable cross-section steel structure stand column splicing positioning device comprises a fixed frame and a bottom frame, and a horizontal correcting mechanism is arranged between the bottom frame and the fixed frame and used for adjusting the levelness of the fixed frame; the stand column centering limiting assembly is used for applying elastic limiting force to the first stand column in the horizontal plane. The stand column section distance detection assembly is used for detecting the distance between the fixing frame and the outer wall of the first stand column. The height and angle adjustable lateral supporting assembly is used for providing height, horizontal position and inclination angle adjustable support for the first stand column and the second stand column which are in the spliced state from the side direction. The pressure-controllable stand column clamping assembly is used for clamping the splicing sections of the first stand column and the second stand column at the same time with controllable clamping pressure. Through cooperation of the stand column centering limiting assembly and the stand column section distance detection assembly, accurate center positioning of the first stand column in the horizontal plane can be achieved through elastic limiting force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of auxiliary equipment technology for building construction, specifically to a variable cross-section steel structure column splicing and positioning device and its installation method. Background Technology

[0002] Variable cross-section steel structure columns are widely used in complex projects because they can adapt to the varying load requirements of different floors and effectively optimize the structural stress performance. These columns typically need to be manufactured in sections in the factory and then transported to the construction site for assembly. The positioning accuracy of the splicing points directly determines the stability and safety of the entire steel structure system and is a core control point in the construction process.

[0003] The on-site splicing and positioning of variable cross-section steel structure columns has long faced many technical challenges. The construction site environment is complex and changeable, and the flatness of the ground is difficult to guarantee. Traditional splicing and positioning often relies on simple jigs or manual calibration, which cannot quickly achieve the horizontal correction of the positioning benchmark. This can easily lead to initial positioning deviation of the column, which in turn causes cumulative errors in subsequent splicing.

[0004] In scenarios such as the construction of the core tube steel structure of super high-rise buildings or the installation of columns in large-span convention centers, the coaxiality control during the splicing of upper and lower column sections is particularly critical. In traditional construction, workers often rely on visual observation or simple measuring tools to determine the column spacing and alignment, making it difficult to obtain real-time and accurate gap data between the column and the positioning benchmark. This results in the upper and lower column mating surfaces not fitting completely, affecting welding quality. Furthermore, the temporary supports for the upper and lower columns during splicing often use fixed-specification supports, which cannot flexibly adjust the support height, horizontal position, and tilt angle according to the variable cross-sectional shape of the columns. This makes it difficult to provide stable lateral support for the spliced ​​section, making it prone to swaying and shifting under hoisting impacts or external wind loads. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: a variable cross-section steel structure column splicing and positioning device, comprising:

[0006] A fixed frame and a base frame are provided, and a horizontal correction mechanism is provided between the base frame and the fixed frame to adjust the level of the fixed frame;

[0007] The column centering limiting component is installed on the fixed frame and is used to apply an elastic limiting force to the first column in the horizontal plane so that it is positioned at the center of the fixed frame.

[0008] A column cross-section spacing detection component is installed around the periphery of the fixed frame to detect the spacing between the fixed frame and the outer wall of the first column.

[0009] A height and angle adjustable lateral support assembly symmetrically connected to two sides of the fixed frame for providing height, horizontal position and angle adjustable support to the first and second uprights in the spliced state from the side;

[0010] A pressure controllable upright clamping assembly installed at the end of the lateral support assembly for simultaneously clamping the spliced segments of the first and second uprights with controllable clamping pressure.

[0011] Preferably, the upright centering and limiting assembly comprises at least one limiting unit, the limiting unit comprising:

[0012] A first electric push rod, the cylinder of which is installed on the fixed frame;

[0013] A telescopic rod, one end of which is connected to the piston rod of the first electric push rod;

[0014] A return spring, sleeved outside the telescopic rod, both ends of which are respectively abutted against the piston rod of the first electric push rod and the other end of the telescopic rod; and a pulley, installed at the end of the telescopic rod away from the first electric push rod, for rolling contact with the outer wall of the first upright.

[0015] Preferably, the upright cross-section distance detection assembly comprises a plurality of infrared distance sensors, which are uniformly distributed around the fixed frame through a mounting plate, with the detection end thereof being arranged towards the central axis of the fixed frame.

[0016] Preferably, the lateral support assembly comprises:

[0017] A bidirectional screw transmission mechanism installed on the fixed frame for providing bidirectional synchronous driving;

[0018] Two moving plates, respectively threadedly connected to two opposite screws of the bidirectional screw transmission mechanism; and a bidirectional electric sliding rail installed on the moving plates;

[0019] A support rod, one end of which is hingedly connected to the moving block of the bidirectional electric sliding rail, and the support rod is arranged obliquely relative to the vertical direction;

[0020] A first support plate, fixedly installed at the other end of the support rod;

[0021] A second electric push rod installed on the first support plate; and a second support plate connected to the piston rod of the second electric push rod;

[0022] The upright clamping assembly is installed on the first and second support plates.

[0023] Preferably, the upright clamping assembly comprises:

[0024] L-shaped clamping seat mounted on the first support plate and the second support plate;

[0025] pressure sensor mounted on the inner side wall of the L-shaped clamping seat;

[0026] clamping plate connected to the detection end of the pressure sensor, and a rubber layer attached to the inner side of the clamping plate for contact with the outer surface of the first column and the second column.

[0027] Preferably, a plurality of fixing holes are formed on the chassis, and a fixing cone is bolted to the chassis for anchoring the chassis to the construction base surface.

[0028] Preferably, the horizontal correction mechanism comprises an electronic level mounted on the fixed frame, and a leveling execution assembly for adjusting the level of the fixed frame.

[0029] Preferably, the leveling execution assembly comprises four third electric push rods and a ball bearing, the four third electric push rods are installed around the fixed frame, and the output end of the third electric push rod is connected to the fixed frame through the ball bearing.

[0030] Preferably, the fixed frame is provided with a controller, and the controller is electrically connected between the bidirectional screw transmission mechanism, the infrared distance sensor, the bidirectional electric sliding rail, the electronic level, the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod, the third electric push rod and the pressure sensor.

[0031] The installation method of the variable cross-section steel structure column splicing positioning device comprises the following method steps:

[0032] S1, on-site positioning and device leveling: placing the chassis at the predetermined position of the construction base surface, adjusting the fixed frame to the horizontal state by the horizontal correction mechanism, and anchoring the fixed frame by the fixing cone;

[0033] S2, first column positioning: hoisting the first column so that its lower end passes through the fixed frame, starting the column centering and limiting assembly so that its pulley elastically abuts against the outer wall of the first column, and pushing the fixed frame to move until the detection values of each infrared distance sensor are the same or the difference is within the allowable range before anchoring, to achieve precise positioning and temporary fixing of the first column in the center of the fixed frame;

[0034] S3, lateral support assembly pre-adjustment: according to the design elevation and inclination angle of the second column to be spliced, adjusting the horizontal distance between the two moving plates by the bidirectional screw transmission mechanism, adjusting the inclination angle of the support rod by the bidirectional electric sliding rail, and adjusting the height of the second support plate by the second electric push rod, so that the column clamping assembly reaches the predetermined support position;

[0035] S4, the second column butt joint and clamping: hoisting the second column, the lower end of which is aligned with the upper end of the first column; operating the lateral support assembly on both sides to simultaneously clamp the splicing section of the first column and the second column from the side by the column clamping assembly, the pressure sensor real-time monitors the clamping force and feeds back to the controller, so that the clamping force is kept within the preset safe range;

[0036] S5, overall correction and final fixation: under the clamping state of the column clamping assembly, the perpendicularity of the first column and the butt joint angle and concentricity of the second column are re-measured and fine-tuned; after confirmation, the splicing interface of the first column and the second column is welded or bolted;

[0037] S6, device evacuation: after the splicing node reaches sufficient structural strength, the clamping of the column clamping assembly is released, the lateral support assembly and the column center limiting assembly are retracted, and the entire positioning device is removed from the spliced column.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0039] 1. By setting a horizontal correction mechanism between the chassis and the fixed frame, the horizontal state of the fixed frame can be quickly and accurately adjusted, effectively solving the problems of initial positioning deviation and subsequent splicing cumulative error of the column caused by poor ground flatness and lack of effective horizontal calibration means in the prior art, providing a stable and reliable positioning reference for column splicing, and significantly improving the initial positioning accuracy of column splicing.

[0040] 2. Through the cooperation of the column center limiting assembly and the column section spacing detection assembly, the first column can be accurately positioned in the horizontal plane through the elastic limiting force, reducing the damage to the column surface caused by rigid clamping, and the spacing data between the fixed frame and the outer wall of the first column can be accurately detected in real time, providing data support for column center positioning, effectively solving the problem of poor fit of the upper and lower column butt joint surface caused by the difficulty of center alignment of variable cross-section columns and inaccurate spacing detection in the prior art, and ensuring the splicing and butt joint accuracy and subsequent welding quality.

[0041] 3. By setting the height and angle adjustable lateral support assembly, the support height, horizontal position and inclination angle can be flexibly adjusted according to the shape of the variable cross-section column, forming stable lateral support for the first column and the second column in the splicing state, effectively solving the problem of fixed specification of temporary support in the prior art, which cannot adapt to the variable cross-section shape, and is prone to shift under the action of hoisting impact or external wind load, improving the stability and safety of the splicing process.

[0042] 4、Through the pressure controllable column clamping assembly, the splicing section of the first column and the second column can be clamped at a controllable clamping pressure, which not only reduces the plastic deformation problem of the column splicing section caused by over-tight clamping in the prior art, but also prevents the defect that over-loose clamping cannot guarantee the stability of splicing, further guarantees the stability of the splicing process and the integrity of the column structure, and provides a strong guarantee for the smooth development of subsequent welding operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0044] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the present application;

[0045] Figure 3 is Figure 2 is an enlarged view of A in the middle;

[0046] Figure 4 is an L-shaped clamping seat structure diagram.

[0047] In the figure: 1, fixed frame; 2, chassis; 3, ball head bearing; 4, controller; 5, first electric push rod; 6, telescopic rod; 7, return spring; 8, pulley; 9, infrared distance sensor; 10, moving plate; 11, two-way electric sliding rail; 12, support rod; 13, first support plate; 14, second electric push rod; 15, second support plate; 16, L-shaped clamping seat; 17, pressure sensor; 18, clamping plate; 19, rubber layer; 20, fixed hole; 21, fixed cone; 22, electronic level; 23, third electric push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0049] Embodiment 1:

[0050] Please refer to Figures 1-4 , the variable cross-section steel structure column splicing positioning device comprises:

[0051] The fixed frame 1 and the chassis 2 are provided with a horizontal correction mechanism between the fixed frame 1 and the chassis 2, the horizontal correction mechanism comprises an electronic level 22 installed on the fixed frame 1, and a leveling execution assembly for adjusting the horizontal of the fixed frame 1, the leveling execution assembly comprises four third electric push rods 23 and a ball bearing 3, the four third electric push rods 23 are installed around the fixed frame 1, and the output end of the third electric push rod 23 is connected with the fixed frame 1 through the ball bearing 3, for adjusting the horizontal of the fixed frame 1, a plurality of fixing holes 20 are formed on the chassis 2, and the chassis 2 is bolted with a fixing cone 21, for anchoring the chassis 2 to the construction base surface;

[0052] When the variable cross-section steel structure column is spliced and positioned, first, the device fixing and horizontal reference establishment operation are carried out. The chassis 2 is placed at a specified position on the construction base surface, and the chassis 2 is firmly anchored to the construction base surface through the cooperation of the fixing holes 20 and the fixing cone 21 on the chassis 2, thereby providing a basic fixing guarantee for subsequent positioning operation. Then the controller 4 is started, at this time the horizontal adjustment coordination system composed of the controller 4, the electronic level 22 and the third electric push rod 23 starts to work, the electronic level 22 collects the horizontal state data of the fixed frame 1 in real time and transmits it to the controller 4, the controller 4 drives the third electric push rod 23 around the chassis 2 to act according to the data, and adjusts the height of each part of the fixed frame 1 through the self-adaptive conduction of the ball bearing 3, until the electronic level 22 detects that the fixed frame 1 is in a horizontal state, and the horizontal reference establishment is completed. In this process, due to the use of the horizontal correction mechanism structure of “electronic level 22+third electric push rod 23+ball bearing 3”, and the realization of the coordinated linkage of the three through the controller 4, the automatic and precise horizontal adjustment effect of the fixed frame 1 is realized, and the problems of initial positioning deviation and subsequent splicing cumulative error of the column caused by uneven ground and lack of effective horizontal calibration means in the prior art are solved.

[0053] The column centering and limiting assembly is installed on the fixed frame 1, and is used for applying an elastic limiting force to the first column in the horizontal plane to position the first column at the center position of the fixed frame 1. The column centering and limiting assembly comprises at least one limiting unit, and the limiting unit comprises: a first electric push rod 5, a cylinder body of which is installed on the fixed frame 1; a telescopic rod 6, one end of which is connected with a piston rod of the first electric push rod 5; a reset spring 7, which is sleeved outside the telescopic rod 6 and has two ends respectively abutting against the piston rod of the first electric push rod 5 and the other end of the telescopic rod 6; and a pulley 8, which is installed on the other end of the telescopic rod 6 away from the first electric push rod 5 and is used for rolling contact with the outer wall of the first column.

[0054] After the horizontal reference is established, the first column is hoisted to the upper side of the fixed frame 1 and slowly lowered, the controller 4 drives the first electric push rod 5 of the column centering and limiting assembly to act, drives the telescopic rod 6 to extend, and the pulley 8 at the end of the telescopic rod 6 gradually approaches the outer wall of the first column; at the same time, the infrared distance sensor 9 of the column cross section spacing detection assembly detects the spacing data between the fixed frame 1 and the outer wall of the first column in real time and transmits the spacing data to the controller 4, the controller 4 dynamically adjusts the telescopic amount of each first electric push rod 5 according to the spacing data, the elastic limiting force of the reset spring 7 is used to make the pulley 8 always roll in contact with the outer wall of the first column and apply uniform elastic limiting force, until the infrared distance sensor 9 detects that the spacing in each direction is uniform, that is, the first column is positioned at the center position of the fixed frame 1. Here, the elastic limiting structure of "first electric push rod 5 + reset spring 7 + telescopic rod 6 + pulley 8" is used, and at the same time, the infrared distance sensor 9 and the controller 4 constitute a centering and positioning cooperative system, so as to realize the flexible and accurate centering and positioning effect of the variable cross section column, not only reduce the damage of rigid clamping to the surface of the column, but also adapt to the positioning requirements of columns with different cross section sizes, and further solve the problems of large center alignment difficulty and poor positioning adaptability of the variable cross section column in the prior art.

[0055] The column cross section spacing detection assembly is installed on the periphery of the fixed frame 1 and is used for detecting the spacing between the fixed frame 1 and the outer wall of the first column. The column cross section spacing detection assembly comprises a plurality of infrared distance sensors 9, which are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the fixed frame 1 through a mounting plate, and the detection ends thereof are arranged towards the central axis of the fixed frame 1.

[0056] The height and angle adjustable lateral support assembly is symmetrically connected to the two sides of the fixed frame 1 and is used for providing height, horizontal position and inclination angle adjustable support to the first column and the second column in the splicing state from the side. The lateral support assembly comprises: a bidirectional screw rod transmission mechanism installed on the fixed frame 1 and used for providing bidirectional synchronous drive; two moving plates 10 respectively threadedly connected to two opposite screw rods of the bidirectional screw rod transmission mechanism; a bidirectional electric sliding rail 11 installed on the moving plate 10; a support rod 12 having one end hinged to the moving block of the bidirectional electric sliding rail 11 and being arranged to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction; a first support plate 13 fixedly installed at the other end of the support rod 12; a second electric push rod 14 installed on the first support plate 13; a second support plate 15 connected with the piston rod of the second electric push rod 14; and a column clamping assembly installed on the first support plate 13 and the second support plate 15. The bidirectional screw rod transmission mechanism comprises a driving motor, a bidirectional screw rod and a moving block. The bidirectional screw rod is rotationally connected to the fixed frame 1 through a support block. The driving motor is installed on the fixed frame 1 and connected with one end of the bidirectional screw rod at the output end. The moving block is threadedly connected to both ends of the bidirectional screw rod and connected with the moving plate 10.

[0057] The pressure-controllable column clamping assembly is installed at the end of the lateral support assembly and is used to clamp the spliced segments of the first column and the second column simultaneously with controllable clamping pressure. The column clamping assembly comprises: an L-shaped clamping seat 16 installed on the first support plate 13 and the second support plate 15; a pressure sensor 17 installed on the inner side wall of the L-shaped clamping seat 16; a clamping plate 18 connected to the detection end of the pressure sensor 17; and a rubber layer 19 attached to the inner side of the clamping plate 18 for contact with the outer surface of the first column and the second column.

[0058] After the positioning of the first column is completed, the attitude adjustment of the lateral support assembly is carried out. The controller 4 drives the bidirectional screw transmission mechanism of the lateral support assembly to act, drives the moving plates 10 on the two opposite screw rods to move synchronously and reversely, adjusts the horizontal distance between the two groups of lateral support assemblies to adapt to the cross-sectional size of the first column; then, the controller 4 drives the moving block of the bidirectional electric slide rail 11 to move, drives the support rod 12 to adjust the position in the horizontal direction, adjusts the inclination angle through the hinged structure of the support rod 12, and then drives the second electric push rod 14 to act, adjusts the height and position of the second support plate 15, so that the L-shaped clamping seat 16 of the column clamping assembly is aligned with the spliced segment position of the first column. This link adopts a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment structure of “bidirectional screw transmission mechanism + bidirectional electric slide rail 11 + support rod 12 hinged structure + second electric push rod 14”, constitutes a height and angle adjustable lateral support assembly, thereby realizing omnidirectional and self-adaptive support prediction and attitude calibration of the upper and lower columns in the subsequent splicing state, accurately adapting to the shape of the variable cross-section column, effectively resisting the shaking deviation caused by the subsequent hoisting impact and external wind load, and further solving the problems of fixed specification of temporary support in the prior art, inability to adapt to the variable cross-section shape, and poor support stability.

[0059] Finally, the upper and lower columns are spliced, positioned, and clamped. The second column is hoisted above the first column, and its posture is adjusted so that its splicing end is aligned with that of the first column. The controller 4 drives the lateral support component to make further fine adjustments so that the L-shaped clamping seat 16 of the column clamping component simultaneously fits against the outer surface of the splicing section of the first and second columns. The column clamping component is activated, and the controller 4 drives the relevant execution components to move the clamping plate 18 towards the column. The pressure sensor 17 collects clamping pressure data in real time and feeds it back to the controller 4. When the pressure reaches the preset value, the controller 4 controls the execution components to stop moving, thus achieving simultaneous clamping of the splicing section of the first and second columns with controllable pressure. In this process, the pressure-controllable clamping structure consisting of "pressure sensor 17 + L-shaped clamping seat 16 + clamping plate 18 + rubber layer 19" is adopted. Through the coordinated linkage of controller 4 and lateral support components, controllable pressure and flexible clamping effect on the upper and lower column splicing sections are achieved. This reduces the plastic deformation of the column caused by excessive clamping and prevents splicing instability caused by excessive clamping. At the same time, the rubber layer 19 can increase friction and protect the column surface, thereby solving the problems of uncontrollable clamping pressure, easy damage to the column, or unstable clamping in the existing technology.

[0060] A controller 4 is installed on the fixed frame 1. The controller 4 is electrically connected to the bidirectional screw drive mechanism, the infrared distance sensor 9, the bidirectional electric slide rail 11, the electronic level 22, the first electric push rod 5, the second electric push rod 14, the third electric push rod 23, and the pressure sensor 17.

[0061] It should be noted that the specific models and specifications of the controller 4, bidirectional screw drive mechanism, infrared distance sensor 9, bidirectional electric slide rail 11, electronic level 22, first electric push rod 5, second electric push rod 14, third electric push rod 23, and pressure sensor 17 need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] The installation method of the variable cross-section steel structure column splicing and positioning device includes the following steps:

[0064] S1. On-site positioning and device leveling: Place the base frame 2 at the predetermined position on the construction base surface, adjust the fixed frame 1 to a horizontal state through the horizontal correction mechanism, and anchor the fixed frame 1 through the fixed cone 21.

[0065] S2, the first section of the column (the first column) positioning: hoist the first column so that its lower end passes through the fixed frame 1, start the column centering and limiting assembly, so that its pulley 8 elastically abuts the outer wall of the first column, before anchoring, push the fixed frame 1 to move until the detection values of each infrared distance sensor 9 are the same or the difference is within the allowable range, realize the accurate positioning and temporary fixing of the first column in the center of the fixed frame 1;

[0066] S3, lateral support assembly pre-adjustment: according to the design elevation and inclination angle of the second column to be spliced, adjust the horizontal distance of the two moving plates 10 through the two-way screw transmission mechanism, adjust the inclination angle of the support rod 12 through the two-way electric slide rail 11, and adjust the height of the second support plate 15 through the second electric push rod 14, so that the column clamping assembly reaches the predetermined support position;

[0067] S4, the second section of the column (the second column) butt joint and clamping: hoist the second column so that its lower end is aligned with the upper end of the first column; operate the lateral support assembly on both sides to make the column clamping assembly clamp the splicing section of the first column and the second column from the side at the same time, the pressure sensor 17 monitors the clamping force in real time and feeds back to the controller 4, so that the clamping force is kept within the preset safe range;

[0068] S5, overall correction and final fixation: under the clamping state of the column clamping assembly, retest and fine-tune the perpendicularity of the first column and the butt joint angle and concentricity of the second column; after confirming that there is no error, weld or bolt the splicing interface of the first column and the second column;

[0069] S6, device removal: after the spliced node reaches sufficient structural strength, release the clamping of the column clamping assembly, retract the lateral support assembly and the column centering and limiting assembly, and move the entire positioning device away from the spliced column.

Claims

1. A variable cross-section steel structural column splicing and positioning device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of vertical column clamping assembly, including: fixed frame (1) and chassis (2), horizontal correction mechanism is equipped between chassis (2) and fixed frame (1), for adjusting the horizontal of fixed frame (1); Pillar centering limiting component, installed on the fixed frame (1), for applying elastic limiting force to the first column in the horizontal plane, so that it is positioned in the center position of the fixed frame (1); Pillar section spacing detection component, installed on the periphery of the fixed frame (1), for detecting the spacing between the fixed frame (1) and the outer wall of the first column; Height and angle adjustable lateral support component, symmetrically connected to the two sides of the fixed frame (1), for providing height, horizontal position and inclination angle adjustable support to the first column and the second column in splicing state from the side; Pressure-controllable column clamping component, installed on the end of the lateral support component, for clamping the splicing section of the first column and the second column with controllable clamping pressure. The pillar centering limiting component includes at least one limiting unit, and the limiting unit includes:

2. The variable cross-section steel structural column splicing and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first electric push rod (5) has a cylinder body mounted on the fixed frame (1); A telescopic rod (6) has one end connected to the piston rod of the first electric push rod (5); A return spring (7) is sleeved outside the telescopic rod (6), and the two ends thereof are respectively abutted against the piston rod of the first electric push rod (5) and the other end of the telescopic rod (6); and A pulley (8) is installed on the end of the telescopic rod (6) away from the first electric push rod (5), for rolling contact with the outer wall of the first column. The pillar section spacing detection component includes a plurality of infrared distance measuring sensors (9), which are uniformly distributed around the fixed frame (1) by a mounting plate, and the detection end thereof is arranged towards the central axis of the fixed frame (1).

3. The variable cross-section steel structural column splicing and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral support component includes:

4. The variable cross-section steel structural column splicing and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bidirectional screw transmission mechanism is installed on the fixed frame (1) to provide bidirectional synchronous driving; Two moving plates (10) are respectively threadedly connected to the two opposite screws of the bidirectional screw transmission mechanism; A bidirectional electric slide rail (11) is installed on the moving plate (10); A support rod (12) has one end hinged to the moving block of the bidirectional electric slide rail (11), and the support rod (12) is arranged inclined to the vertical direction; A first support plate (13) is fixedly installed on the other end of the support rod (12); A second electric push rod (14) is installed on the first support plate (13); and a second support plate (15) is connected to the piston rod of the second electric push rod (14); The column clamping component is installed on the first support plate (13) and the second support plate (15). The column clamping component includes:

5. The variable cross-section steel structural column splicing and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An L-shaped clamping seat (16) is installed on the first support plate (13) and the second support plate (15); A pressure sensor (17) is installed on the inner side wall of the L-shaped clamping seat (16). ​ A clamping plate (18) is connected to the detection end of the pressure sensor (17), and a rubber layer (19) is attached to the inner side of the clamping plate (18) for contacting the outer surfaces of the first and second columns.

6. The variable cross-section steel structural column splicing and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of fixing holes (20) are formed in the base frame (2), and the base frame (2) is bolted with a fixing cone (21) for anchoring the base frame (2) to the construction base surface.

7. The variable cross-section steel structural column splicing and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal correction mechanism comprises an electronic level (22) mounted on the fixed frame (1), and a leveling execution assembly for adjusting the level of the fixed frame (1).

8. The variable cross-section steel structural column splicing and positioning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The leveling execution assembly comprises four third electric push rods (23) and a ball bearing (3), the four third electric push rods (23) are installed around the fixed frame (1), and the output ends of the third electric push rods (23) are connected with the fixed frame (1) through the ball bearing (3).

9. The variable cross-section steel structural column splicing and positioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A controller (4) is mounted on the fixed frame (1), and the controller (4) is electrically connected with the bidirectional screw transmission mechanism, the infrared distance sensor (9), the bidirectional electric sliding rail (11), the electronic level (22), the first electric push rod (5), the second electric push rod (14), the third electric push rod (23) and the pressure sensor (17).

10. A method of installing a variable cross-section steel structural column splicing and positioning device, characterised by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, on-site positioning and device leveling: placing the base frame (2) at a predetermined position on the construction base surface, adjusting the fixed frame (1) to a horizontal state by the horizontal correction mechanism, and anchoring the fixed frame (1) by the fixing cone (21); S2, first column positioning: hoisting the first column so that its lower end passes through the fixed frame (1), starting the column centering and limiting assembly so that the pulley (8) elastically abuts against the outer wall of the first column, and pushing the fixed frame (1) to move until the detection values of the infrared distance sensors (9) are the same or the difference is within the allowable range before anchoring, thereby achieving accurate positioning and temporary fixing of the first column at the center of the fixed frame (1); S3, pre-adjustment of lateral support assembly: adjusting the horizontal distance between the two movable plates (10) by the bidirectional screw transmission mechanism, adjusting the inclination angle of the support rod (12) by the bidirectional electric sliding rail (11), and adjusting the height of the second support plate (15) by the second electric push rod (14), so that the column clamping assembly reaches the predetermined support position according to the design elevation and inclination angle of the second column to be spliced; S4, second column butt joint and clamping: hoisting the second column so that its lower end is aligned with the upper end of the first column; operating the lateral support assemblies on both sides to simultaneously clamp the splicing section of the first and second columns from the side by the column clamping assembly, and the pressure sensor (17) monitors the clamping force in real time and feeds back to the controller (4), so that the clamping force is kept within the preset safe range; S5, overall correction and final fixing: under the clamping state of the column clamping assembly, the perpendicularity of the first column and the butt joint angle and concentricity of the second column are re-measured and fine-adjusted; after confirming that there is no error, the splicing interface of the first and second columns is welded or bolted. S6, device evacuation: after the spliced node reaches sufficient structural strength, the clamping of the column clamping assembly is released, the lateral support assembly and the column centering limiting assembly are retracted, and the entire positioning device is removed from the spliced column.

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