Rock mass splitting test device and method based on granular slurry perfusion

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a rock mass splitting test device and method based on particle type grout perfusion, which comprises a loading mechanism and a grouting mechanism. The loading mechanism comprises an inner cavity, an outer cavity and a loading unit. A rock mass sample is arranged in the inner cavity. The loading unit is connected with the rock mass sample and the outer cavity respectively. The loading unit comprises a plurality of hierarchical loading assemblies which are perpendicular to the surface of the rock mass sample. A grouting hole is arranged in the rock mass sample. The loading unit is provided with a grouting pipeline. The grouting device of the grouting mechanism is provided with a driving assembly connected with a pump body and a grout cavity connected with the grouting pipeline. The grouting device is rotationally connected with the frame bodies on both sides. Through the above technical solution, the hierarchical loading assemblies are arranged from the center to the edge of the rock mass sample. The number of assemblies providing load can be freely combined. The stress area acting on the surface of the rock mass sample can be flexibly changed to form stress areas with different shapes and ranges. Different forms of cracks are induced to meet the diversified test requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of rock mass water seepage splitting failure testing technology, specifically, to a rock mass splitting test device and method based on granular grout injection. Background Technology

[0002] In mining engineering, high-pressure grouting is a key technology for ensuring the safe and efficient progress of projects. It forces granular grout into rock fissures or loose layers under pressure, effectively reinforcing the surrounding rock, blocking water inflow channels, and significantly improving the stability of roadways and working faces, creating a safe environment for underground operations. Especially in deep resource extraction and mining areas with complex hydrogeological conditions, high-pressure grouting has become an indispensable means of managing major hidden dangers and improving resource recovery rates, playing an irreplaceable role in extending the service life of mines and achieving green and safe mining.

[0003] In related technologies, the flow and diffusion of fluids in deep rock masses are concealed and complex, making direct observation difficult. Rock fracturing test methods based on granular grout injection have shortcomings; the corresponding test equipment cannot effectively simulate the high-stress and temperature coupling environment of deep strata, and neglects the significant impact of temperature changes on grout rheology and rock fracture propagation. Furthermore, existing test equipment is mostly designed for single-size rock samples or ideal smooth fractures, failing to reflect the response differences of multi-size fracture networks and non-uniform rock masses. It also lacks precise characterization of the transport patterns of granular grout, a non-Newtonian fluid, within fractures. These limitations restrict the optimization and application of fracturing and grouting technologies under complex geological conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a rock mass splitting test apparatus and method based on granular grout injection, so as to at least partially solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this disclosure provides a rock mass splitting test device based on granular grout injection, comprising a loading mechanism and a grouting mechanism. The loading mechanism includes: an inner cavity, configured as a cube for accommodating a cube-shaped rock mass sample; an outer cavity, sleeved outside the inner cavity, configured as a cube with its surface opposite to the cavity wall of the inner cavity; and a loading unit disposed between the inner cavity and the outer cavity, one end of which at least partially penetrates the cavity wall of the inner cavity to abut against the surface of the rock mass sample, and the other end of which is screwed to the cavity wall of the outer cavity. The loading unit includes... The system includes a multi-stage loading assembly, which is arranged perpendicular to the surface of the rock mass sample and in a hierarchical manner from the center to the edge of the rock mass sample. Each stage of the loading assembly is configured to move from one cavity wall of the outer cavity toward the opposite surface of the rock mass sample, so as to provide a variable area stress on any surface of the rock mass sample to form cracks of different shapes. The surface of the rock mass sample is provided with grout guide holes, and the loading unit is provided with a grouting pipe connected to the grout guide holes, so as to introduce grout into the cracks in the rock mass sample through the grouting pipe and the grout guide holes in sequence after the cracks are formed in the rock mass sample.

[0006] The grouting mechanism includes: a pump body; a grout injector, which is provided with a drive assembly connected to the pump body and a grout chamber connected to the grouting pipe, the drive assembly being configured to output grout from the grout chamber to the grouting pipe under the drive of the pump body; and a frame, which is disposed on both sides of the grout injector, and the grout injector is configured to be rotatably connected to the frame via a rotating shaft, so that the two ends of the grout injector can be adjusted up and down in the height direction.

[0007] Optionally, the inner cavity includes: a plurality of inner cavity walls, each covering a corner of the rock mass sample, the plurality of inner cavity walls being configured to combine into loading holes on each surface of the inner cavity for a portion of the loading unit to pass through the inner cavity to abut against the surface of the rock mass sample, each inner cavity wall being connected by a master locking device; a heating element, distributed along each edge of the inner cavity; a first wire for communicating the heating element with the outside of the loading mechanism; a sealing layer disposed between the inner cavity wall and the loading unit, the sealing layer being provided with a thermometer for monitoring the temperature of the inner cavity; and a heat insulation layer disposed between the edge of the inner cavity wall and the heating element.

[0008] Optionally, the outer cavity includes: an outer cavity wall configured as an upward-opening concave groove structure, the interior of which accommodates the inner cavity and the loading unit, the bottom of the outer cavity wall having a through hole for collecting wires and passing through the outer cavity wall to communicate with the outside; a limiting plate disposed within the outer cavity wall for limiting and supporting the cavity wall of the inner cavity, the number of the limiting plates being multiple, the multiple limiting plates being fixedly connected to the interior of the outer cavity wall respectively; and an outer cavity cover disposed on the opening side of the outer cavity wall, the outer cavity cover being bolted to the outer cavity wall, the surface of the outer cavity cover having a load-bearing ring, wherein the outer cavity cover and each of the outer cavity walls are fixedly connected to one of the loading units respectively by bolts.

[0009] Optionally, the multi-stage loading assembly of the loading unit includes: a first loading assembly, comprising a first pressure plate, a first loading column, and a first hydraulic chamber, wherein one end of the first pressure plate abuts against the surface of the rock mass sample, and the other end is connected to the first loading column; the first hydraulic chamber is disposed at the end of the first loading column away from the first pressure plate, for driving the first loading column to push the first pressure plate toward the rock mass sample, and the radial dimension of the first pressure plate is larger than the radial dimension of the first loading column; and a second loading assembly, comprising a second pressure plate, a second loading column, and a second hydraulic chamber, wherein the second pressure plate is sleeved on the first pressure plate, the second loading column is sleeved on the first loading column, and the second hydraulic chamber is disposed at the end of the second loading column away from the second pressure plate, for driving the second loading column to push the second pressure plate toward the rock mass sample, and the radial dimension of the second pressure plate is larger than the first loading column. The radial dimension of the second loading column; the third loading assembly, including a third pressure plate, a third loading column, and a third hydraulic chamber, wherein the third pressure plate is sleeved on the second pressure plate, the third loading column is sleeved on the second loading column, and the third hydraulic chamber is located at the end of the third loading column away from the third pressure plate, for driving the third loading column to push the third pressure plate toward the rock mass sample, wherein the radial dimension of the third pressure plate is greater than the radial dimension of the third loading column; and the fourth loading assembly, including a fourth pressure plate, a fourth loading column, and a fourth hydraulic chamber, wherein the fourth pressure plate is sleeved on the third pressure plate, the fourth loading column is sleeved on the third loading column, and the fourth hydraulic chamber is located at the end of the fourth loading column away from the fourth pressure plate, for driving the fourth loading column to push the fourth pressure plate toward the rock mass sample, wherein the radial dimension of the fourth pressure plate is greater than the radial dimension of the fourth loading column.

[0010] Optionally, the loading unit further includes: a first locking device disposed at one end of the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate facing the rock mass sample, for selectively connecting the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate; a second locking device disposed at one end of the second pressure plate and the third pressure plate facing the rock mass sample, for selectively connecting the second pressure plate and the third pressure plate; and a third locking device disposed at one end of the third pressure plate and the fourth pressure plate facing the rock mass sample, for selectively connecting the third pressure plate and the fourth pressure plate, wherein the loading unit is provided with a first preset position, a second preset position, a third preset position, a fourth preset position, and a fifth preset position, and when the loading unit is located at the first preset position, the first locking device, the second locking device, and the third locking device are locked. When the loading unit is in the second preset position, the first locking device is unlocked, and the second and third locking devices are locked, and the first loading component is loaded; when the loading unit is in the third preset position, the second locking device is unlocked, and the first and third locking devices are locked, and the first and second loading components are loaded; when the loading unit is in the fourth preset position, the third locking device is unlocked, and the first and second locking devices are locked, and the first, second, and third loading components are loaded; when the loading unit is in the fifth preset position, the first, second, and third locking devices are locked, and the first, second, third, and fourth loading components are loaded.

[0011] Optionally, a first hydraulic port is provided at one end of the first hydraulic chamber facing the outer cavity, a second hydraulic port is provided at one end of the second hydraulic chamber facing the outer cavity, a third hydraulic port is provided at one end of the third hydraulic chamber facing the outer cavity, and a fourth hydraulic port is provided at one end of the fourth hydraulic chamber facing the outer cavity, wherein the first hydraulic port, the second hydraulic port, the third hydraulic port and the fourth hydraulic port are respectively connected to an external pressure supply mechanism.

[0012] Optionally, the surface of the first pressure plate is provided with a plurality of first reserved holes for housing sensors inside, and at least a portion of the first reserved holes are connected through a second wire in a first extension groove; the surface of the second pressure plate is provided with a plurality of second reserved holes for housing sensors inside, and at least a portion of the second reserved holes are connected through a second wire in a second extension groove; the surface of the third pressure plate is provided with a plurality of third reserved holes for housing sensors inside, and at least a portion of the third reserved holes are connected through a second wire in a third extension groove; the surface of the fourth pressure plate is provided with a plurality of fourth reserved holes for housing sensors inside, and at least a portion of the fourth reserved holes are connected through a second wire in a fourth extension groove.

[0013] Optionally, the driving assembly includes: a water inlet disposed at the first end of the grout injector and connected to the pump body via a pipeline; and a driving baffle movably disposed within the grout chamber. The driving baffle is provided with a first baffle and a second baffle connected by a connecting rod. The first baffle is disposed near the first end to form a driving chamber with a variable volume. The water inlet communicates with the driving chamber, and the second baffle communicates with the grout chamber. The driving baffle is used to change the volume of the grout chamber when the liquid volume in the driving chamber changes.

[0014] Optionally, the slurry chamber includes: a slurry inlet disposed on the wall of the slurry chamber, the slurry inlet being provided with an overflow valve; a slurry outlet disposed at the second end of the slurry injector; and a stirring element disposed at least partially within the slurry chamber, wherein a first motor connected to the stirring element is disposed outside the second end of the slurry injector for driving the stirring element to rotate within the slurry chamber to stir the slurry.

[0015] Optionally, the slurry outlet includes: a collection tank disposed on the inner wall of the second end, the collection tank being configured as a bowl-shaped structure with a gradually narrowing opening along the direction from the inside of the slurry cavity toward the outside; a one-way valve disposed at the bottom of the collection tank for one-way communication between the inside and outside of the slurry cavity; and an outlet valve disposed on the side of the slurry outlet near the outside of the slurry cavity for selectively opening and closing the slurry outlet.

[0016] Optionally, a second motor is provided at the bottom of the frame; the rotating shaft is located in the middle of the cavity wall of the grout chamber, wherein the output end of the second motor passes through the frame and is connected to the rotating shaft through a transmission belt, for driving the grout injector to rotate through the rotating shaft under the drive of the second motor.

[0017] Optionally, the device is further provided with a support mechanism, which includes: a first base plate disposed at the bottom of the loading mechanism; a second base plate disposed at the bottom of the frame; and a third base plate disposed on the inner side of the bottom wall of the outer cavity. The third base plate is provided with a multi-level laser array, which is configured as a concentric square structure with different side lengths.

[0018] This disclosure provides a second aspect of a rock mass splitting test method based on granular grout injection, applied to the rock mass splitting test device based on granular grout injection provided in the first aspect of this disclosure. The method includes the following steps: inserting a grout guide hole into a rock mass sample; placing the rock mass sample on the third bottom plate of the inner cavity and aligning it with the laser array; connecting the grouting pipe of the loading unit to the grout guide hole; installing the inner cavity wall to the rock mass sample and locking the main locking device between two adjacent inner cavity walls; fixing the inner cavity to the limiting plate; connecting the heating element of the inner cavity to the first wire; and performing multi-stage... Sensors are installed in the multi-level pre-drilled holes of the loading component. Multiple sensors are connected to the second wires in the corresponding extension grooves. Multiple first wires and second wires are gathered and passed through the through hole to connect with the control mechanism. The outer cavity cover is lifted and moved above the opening of the outer cavity wall by the load-bearing ring, and the two are fastened and screwed together. The loading unit is controlled to apply a stress of preset size and preset area to any surface of the rock mass sample and heat the inner cavity to a preset temperature. The grouting device is connected to the grouting pipe, and the grouting device is controlled to input granular grout into the rock mass sample and record data.

[0019] Optionally, the method of controlling the grouting device to input granular grout into the rock mass sample includes: introducing the grout into the grout chamber from the grouting port; controlling the grouting device to flip up to the upper position of the drive assembly via a second motor; controlling the agitator to agitate the grout via a first motor; and controlling the pump to output a constant liquid to the drive assembly so that the grout flows out stably from the grout outlet.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, the multi-stage loading components of this test device are arranged in layers from the center to the edge of the rock mass sample. The number of loading components that provide load to the rock mass sample can be freely combined, thereby flexibly changing the stress area acting on the surface of the rock mass sample to form stress areas of different shapes and ranges on the surface of the rock mass sample, thereby inducing the generation of cracks of different forms to meet diverse test requirements.

[0021] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the loading mechanism of a rock mass splitting test apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the interior of the loading mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of a grouting mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of an inner cavity according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0028] Figure 6 It is based on Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0029] Figure 7 It is based on Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the loading component in the second preset position.

[0030] Figure 8 It is based on Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the loading component in the third preset position.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end face of the pressure plate in a loading assembly according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0032] Figure 10 It is based on Figure 3 Enlarged view of section B.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a block diagram illustrating a rock mass splitting test method according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0035] 1-Inner cavity, 11-Inner cavity wall, 12-Main locking device, 13-Heating element, 14-First wire, 15-Sealing layer, 151-Thermometer, 16-Insulation layer, 2-Outer cavity, 21-Outer cavity wall, 211-Through hole, 22-Limiting plate, 23-Outer cavity cover, 231-Bearing ring, 3-Loading unit, 30-Loading assembly, 311-First pressure plate, 3111-First reserved hole, 3112-First extension groove, 312-Second pressure plate, 3 121-Second reserved hole, 3122-Second extension guide groove, 313-Third pressure plate, 3131-Third reserved hole, 3132-Third extension guide groove, 314-Fourth pressure plate, 3141-Fourth reserved hole, 3142-Fourth extension guide groove, 321-First loading post, 322-Second loading post, 323-Third loading post, 324-Fourth loading post, 331-First hydraulic chamber, 3311-First hydraulic port, 332-Second hydraulic chamber, 33 21-Second hydraulic port, 333-Third hydraulic chamber, 3331-Third hydraulic port, 334-Fourth hydraulic chamber, 3341-Fourth hydraulic port, 341-First locking device, 342-Second locking device, 343-Third locking device, 35-Grouting pipe, 36-Pressure sensor, 4-Rock sample, 41-Grouting guide hole, 5-Pump body, 6-Grouting device, 61-Drive assembly, 611-Water inlet, 612-Drive baffle, 6121-First baffle 6122-Second partition, 6123-Connecting rod, 62-Slurry chamber, 621-Injection port, 622-Slurry outlet, 6221-Collection tank, 6222-One-way valve, 6223-Outlet valve, 623-Agitator, 6231-Support rod, 6232-Agitator bar, 63-Rotating shaft, 64-First motor, 65-Second motor, 66-Transmission belt, 7-Frame, 81-First base plate, 82-Second base plate, 83-Third base plate, 9-Laser array. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0037] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "top," and "bottom" generally refer to the upper and lower, top and bottom of the relevant components in actual use, as shown in the reference. Figure 1 The top and bottom of the drawing represent the upper and lower parts of the rock mass splitting test apparatus, and the height of the drawing represents the height direction of the rock mass splitting test apparatus. "Inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer parts of the relevant components relative to the actual contour. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure are for distinguishing one element from another and do not indicate sequence or importance.

[0038] The first aspect of this disclosure provides a rock mass splitting test device based on granular grout injection, referring to... Figures 1 to 10 The testing apparatus includes a loading mechanism and a grouting mechanism. The loading mechanism comprises an inner cavity 1, an outer cavity 2, and a loading unit 3. The inner cavity 1 is a cubic structure used to house a cubic rock mass sample 4. The outer cavity 2 is fitted over the inner cavity 1 and is a cubic structure facing the cavity wall of the inner cavity 1. The loading unit 3 is located between the inner cavity 1 and the outer cavity 2, with one end at least partially penetrating the cavity wall of the inner cavity 1 to abut against the surface of the rock mass sample 4, and the other end screwed to the cavity wall of the outer cavity 2. The loading unit 3 includes multi-stage loading components 30, which are arranged perpendicular to the surface of the rock mass sample 4 and arranged in layers from the center to the edge of the rock mass sample 4. Each stage of the loading component 30 is configured to move from one cavity wall of the outer cavity 2 toward the opposite surface of the rock mass sample 4. The surface of the rock sample 4 is provided with grout guide holes 41, and the loading unit 3 is provided with grouting pipes 35 connected to the grout guide holes 41. The grouting mechanism includes a pump body 5, a grout injector 6, and a frame 7. The grout injector 6 is provided with a drive assembly 61 connected to the pump body 5 and a grout chamber 62 connected to the grouting pipe 35. The frame 7 is provided on both sides of the grout injector 6, and the grout injector 6 is configured to be rotatably connected to the frame 7 via a rotating shaft 63.

[0039] In the above embodiment, the inner cavity 1 with its cubic structure is adapted to the shape of the rock sample 4, providing a stable accommodating space for the rock sample 4. The outer cavity 2 adopts a cubic structure with its wall surface facing the inner cavity 1, and the loading unit 3 is disposed between the inner cavity 1 and the outer cavity 2. One end of the loading unit 3 abuts against the rock sample 4, and the other end is screwed to the wall of the outer cavity 2, ensuring that the rock sample 4 can be stably placed in the inner cavity 1 with the support of the loading unit 3 and the outer cavity 2. At the same time, the multi-level loading components 30 are arranged in layers from the center to the edge of the rock sample 4. The number of loading components 30 that provide load to the rock sample 4 can be freely combined or changed, thereby flexibly changing the stress area acting on the surface of the rock sample 4. By controlling the combined operation of different levels of loading components 30, stress areas of different shapes and ranges can be formed on the surface of the rock sample 4, thereby inducing the generation of cracks of different morphologies, meeting diverse experimental needs, and solving the problem that the stress area of ​​traditional devices is fixed and it is difficult to simulate complex crack morphologies.

[0040] Meanwhile, the grout guide holes 41 on the surface of the rock mass sample 4 are connected to the grouting pipe 35 of the loading unit 3 via pipelines, realizing the directional delivery of grout after the fracture is formed. This ensures that the grout can be accurately injected into the target fracture area, avoiding grout waste or insufficient grouting. In the grouting mechanism, the pump body 5 provides stable power for the grouting process, and the output rate and pressure of the grout can be controlled by the drive component 61. The frame body 7 can be rotatably connected to the grout injector 6 via the rotating shaft 63, allowing the grout injector 6 to achieve height adjustment at both ends. Since the first end of the grout injector 6 is equipped with the drive component 61, and the second end is used to output grout, setting the grout injector 6 as a rotatable structure facilitates the overall installation of the device, improves the mixing and stirring effect of the grout, and allows for adjustment of different grouting angles, thus enhancing the operational flexibility of the device.

[0041] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The inner cavity 1 may include multiple inner cavity walls 11, a heating element 13, a first wire 14, a sealing layer 15, and a heat insulation layer 16. The multiple inner cavity walls 11 may respectively cover each corner of the rock mass sample 4, configured to form loading holes on each surface. Each inner cavity wall 11 can be connected to the other via a master locking device 12. The heating element 13 may be distributed along each edge of the inner cavity 1. The first wire 14 can be used to connect the heating element 13 to the outside of the loading mechanism. The sealing layer 15 may be disposed between the inner cavity wall 11 and the loading unit 3, and the sealing layer 15 may be equipped with a temperature gauge 151. The heat insulation layer 16 may be disposed between the edge of the inner cavity wall 11 and the heating element 13.

[0042] In the above embodiment, the inner cavity wall 11 is configured as multiple combined structures, and the multiple inner cavity walls 11 can cover each corner of the rock mass sample 4, facilitating convenient installation or disassembly between the rock mass sample 4 and the inner cavity 1. The loading hole formed by the combination of inner cavity walls 11 provides a connection channel for the loading unit 3 to pass through, ensuring that the loading unit 3 can pass through the loading hole and act perpendicularly on the surface of the rock mass sample 4, ensuring the accuracy of the loading direction. Moreover, after the loading unit 3 comes into contact with the rock mass sample 4, it is confined within the loading hole, making it less prone to shaking or displacement. The main locking device 12 is used to connect adjacent inner cavity walls 11, which can effectively improve the overall structural stability of the inner cavity 1, avoid displacement or disintegration of the inner cavity wall 11 due to the loading force during the test, and ensure the safety and reliability of the loading process.

[0043] Meanwhile, the heating elements 13 distributed along the edge of the inner cavity 1 can achieve uniform temperature regulation of the internal environment of the inner cavity 1, simulating rock splitting test scenarios under different temperature conditions, thus broadening the test applicability of the device. The first wire 14 serves as the connection medium between the heating elements 13 and the external control equipment, ensuring stable input of heating power and effective transmission of temperature control signals. The sealing layer 15 is set between the inner cavity wall 11 and the loading unit 3, which can prevent slurry leakage or water vapor from entering the loading gap during the test. The temperature gauge 151 on its surface can monitor the temperature changes inside the inner cavity in real time, providing accurate feedback data for temperature control. The heat insulation layer 16 is set between the edge of the inner cavity wall 11 and the heating elements 13, which can effectively reduce the heat loss of the heating elements 13 to the outside, improve the efficiency of temperature control, and prevent the outer cavity 2 from structural deformation due to heat, thus ensuring the overall service life of the device.

[0044] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The outer cavity 2 may include an outer cavity wall 21, a limiting plate 22, and an outer cavity cover 23. The outer cavity wall 21 may be configured as an upward-opening concave groove structure, which is used to accommodate the inner cavity 1 and the loading unit 3. The bottom of the outer cavity wall 21 may be provided with a through hole 211. The limiting plate 22 may be disposed inside the outer cavity wall 21 to limit and support the cavity wall of the inner cavity 1. There may be multiple limiting plates 22, which can be fixedly connected to the interior of the outer cavity wall 21 respectively. The outer cavity cover 23 may be disposed on the opening side of the outer cavity wall 21 and bolted to the outer cavity wall 21. The surface of the outer cavity cover 23 may be provided with a load-bearing ring 231. The outer cavity cover 23 and each outer cavity wall 21 may be fixedly connected to a loading unit 3 by bolts respectively.

[0045] In the above embodiment, the upward-opening concave groove structure of the outer cavity wall 21 provides ample space for the inner cavity 1 and the loading unit 3. Its overall structure is stable and can withstand the large reaction force generated during loading, preventing overall deformation of the outer cavity 2. The through hole 211 at the bottom is specifically used to collect various wires (such as the first wire 14 of the heating element 13, the second wire of the sensor, etc., which will be described later) and lead them to the outside, making the wire layout more regular and preventing wire entanglement from affecting the test operation or damaging the equipment. Multiple limiting plates 22 are fixedly connected to the inside of the outer cavity wall 21, which can form a precise limiting and support effect on the cavity wall of the inner cavity 1, ensuring that the position of the inner cavity 1 inside the outer cavity 2 is fixed, and preventing the inner cavity 1 from shifting during loading, which would cause the loading direction to deviate from the preset requirements. The outer cavity cover 23 is bolted to the outer cavity wall 21, and the connection method is firm and reliable, which is convenient for disassembly for the installation and debugging of the inner cavity 1. The load-bearing ring 231 on the surface of the outer cavity cover 23 provides a convenient stress point for the hoisting of the outer cavity cover 23. Especially when the overall size of the device is large, the outer cavity cover 23 can be transported or disassembled by hoisting equipment, improving the convenience of operation. The outer cavity cover 23 and each outer cavity wall 21 are respectively bolted to a loading unit 3, so that the loading unit 3 can apply pressure from multiple surfaces of the rock mass sample 4 to meet the test requirements of multi-directional loading.

[0046] In other embodiments, refer to Figures 1 to 8 The number of loading units 3 can be multiple. Each loading unit 3 can be respectively set between a cavity wall of the outer cavity 2 and the cavity wall of the corresponding inner cavity 1, and each loading unit 3 can be separated by a limiting plate 22.

[0047] In the above embodiment, the distribution of multiple loading units 3 is adapted to the cubic structure of the outer cavity 2 and the inner cavity 1, enabling comprehensive loading coverage of all six surfaces of the rock mass sample 4, thus facilitating multi-directional stress loading tests. Each loading unit 3 corresponds to an outer cavity wall 21 and a corresponding inner cavity wall 1, ensuring that the loading direction of each loading unit 3 is perpendicular to the corresponding surface of the rock mass sample 4, guaranteeing effective force transmission. The limiting plate 22 separates adjacent loading units 3, preventing mutual interference between different loading units 3 due to deformation under stress during loading, ensuring that each loading unit 3 can operate independently according to preset loading parameters, and improving the accuracy of loading control.

[0048] For example, refer to Figures 6 to 8The multi-stage loading assembly 30 of the loading unit 3 may include a first loading assembly, a second loading assembly, a third loading assembly, and a fourth loading assembly. The first loading assembly may include a first pressure plate 311, a first loading column 321, and a first hydraulic chamber 331. One end of the first pressure plate 311 may abut against the surface of the rock sample 4, and the other end may be connected to the first loading column 321. The first hydraulic chamber 331 may be located at the end of the first loading column 321 away from the first pressure plate 311, and the radial dimension of the first pressure plate 311 is larger than the radial dimension of the first loading column 321. The second loading assembly may include a second pressure plate 312, a second loading column 322, and a second hydraulic chamber 332. The second pressure plate 312 may be sleeved on the first pressure plate 311, and the second loading column 322 may be sleeved on the first loading column 321. The second hydraulic chamber 332 may be located at the end of the second loading column 322 away from the second pressure plate 312, and the radial dimension of the second pressure plate 312 is larger than the radial dimension of the second loading column 322. Similarly, the third loading assembly may include a third pressure plate 313, a third loading column 323, and a third hydraulic chamber 333. The third pressure plate 313 may be sleeved on the second pressure plate 312, the third loading column 323 may be sleeved on the second loading column 322, and the third hydraulic chamber 333 may be located at the end of the third loading column 323 away from the third pressure plate 313. The radial dimension of the third pressure plate 313 is larger than the radial dimension of the third loading column 323. The fourth loading assembly may include a fourth pressure plate 314, a fourth loading column 324, and a fourth hydraulic chamber 334. The fourth pressure plate 314 may be sleeved on the third pressure plate 313, the fourth loading column 324 may be sleeved on the third loading column 323, and the fourth hydraulic chamber 334 may be located at the end of the fourth loading column 324 away from the fourth pressure plate 314. The radial dimension of the fourth pressure plate 314 is larger than the radial dimension of the fourth loading column 324.

[0049] In the above embodiment, the four graded loading components adopt a nested structure. From the first loading component to the fourth loading component, the radial dimensions of the pressure plate and the loading column increase sequentially, and they are arranged in a concentric nested layout. This allows multiple loading components to share the same loading center axis, ensuring that the center of the loading force is always consistent with the preset position and avoiding the displacement of the loading center due to the switching of loading components. Each loading component is independently equipped with a hydraulic chamber (first hydraulic chamber 331 to fourth hydraulic chamber 334). The hydraulic drive method has the advantages of stable loading force and high adjustment accuracy, and can accurately control the output force of each loading component according to the test requirements. The radial dimensions of the first pressure plate 311 to the fourth pressure plate 314 are all larger than the radial dimensions of the corresponding loading column. This design can increase the contact area between the pressure plate and the surface of the rock mass sample 4, reduce the possibility of local damage to the sample due to excessive pressure per unit area, and ensure that the stress can be uniformly transmitted to the sample surface. By controlling the combined operation of different loading components, such as activating only the first loading component to achieve concentrated loading over a small area, and activating the first to fourth loading components to achieve uniform loading over a large area, it is possible to induce various types of fractures on the rock sample 4, thereby meeting the simulation requirements for fracture morphology under different test scenarios.

[0050] For example, refer to Figures 6 to 8 The loading unit 3 may further include a first locking device 341, a second locking device 342, and a third locking device 343. The first locking device 341 may be disposed at the end of the first pressure plate 311 and the second pressure plate 312 facing the rock mass sample 4, for selectively connecting the two. The second locking device 342 may be disposed at the end of the second pressure plate 312 and the third pressure plate 313 facing the rock mass sample 4, for selectively connecting the two. The third locking device 343 may be disposed at the end of the third pressure plate 313 and the fourth pressure plate 314 facing the rock mass sample 4, for selectively connecting the two. The loading unit 3 may have five preset positions. In the first preset position, all three locking devices are locked, and the loading unit 3 is unloaded. In the second preset position, the first locking device 341 is unlocked, the others are locked, and the first loading component is loaded. In the third preset position, the second locking device 342 is unlocked, the others are locked, and the first and second loading components are loaded. In the fourth preset position, the third locking device 343 unlocks, the others lock, and the first, second, and third loading components are loaded. In the fifth preset position, all three locking devices unlock, and all four loading components are loaded.

[0051] In the above embodiments, by switching between the locking and unlocking states of the locking device, the number of loading components participating in the load can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving a stepwise adjustment of the stress application area. The locking device is located at the end of the pressure plate facing the rock mass sample 4. This layout avoids interference with the nested structure of the loading components, and the design of being close to the force-bearing end makes the locking effect more reliable and can effectively withstand the lateral force generated during loading.

[0052] Meanwhile, the five preset positions allow operators to easily switch between the required loading modes according to the test plan, improving the convenience of test operations. For example, when simulating the generation of micro-cracks, the operator can directly switch to the second preset position, with only the first loading component running. When simulating the propagation of large-scale cracks, the operator can switch to the fifth preset position, with all four loading components operating in tandem. This facilitates the comparative analysis of test data and ensures consistency of loading conditions between different test batches.

[0053] For example, refer to Figures 6 to 8 The first hydraulic chamber 331 may have a first hydraulic port 3311 at one end facing outward, the second hydraulic chamber 332 may have a second hydraulic port 3321 at one end facing outward, the third hydraulic chamber 333 may have a third hydraulic port 3331 at one end facing outward, and the fourth hydraulic chamber 334 may have a fourth hydraulic port 3341 at one end facing outward. The four hydraulic ports may be connected to an external pressure supply mechanism respectively.

[0054] In the above embodiments, each hydraulic chamber is independently equipped with a hydraulic port, all facing outwards, so that each hydraulic chamber can be independently connected to the external pressure supply mechanism, thereby enabling individual control of the loading force of each loading component. For example, the first loading component can be controlled to apply a smaller pressure at a faster rate, while the fourth loading component can be controlled to apply a larger pressure at a slower rate, realizing the simulation of complex loading paths. The outward orientation of the hydraulic ports facilitates the connection and disassembly of pipelines, reduces the difficulty of device maintenance, and also facilitates the organization and fixation of hydraulic pipelines, preventing pipeline entanglement or detachment during the test.

[0055] For example, refer to Figure 9 The surface of the first pressure plate 311 may be provided with a plurality of first reserved holes 3111 for mounting sensors inside, and at least a portion of the first reserved holes 3111 can be connected through a second wire in a first extension groove 3112. The surface of the second pressure plate 312 may be provided with a plurality of second reserved holes 3121 for mounting sensors inside, and at least a portion of the second reserved holes 3121 can be connected through a second wire in a second extension groove 3122. The surface of the third pressure plate 313 may be provided with a plurality of third reserved holes 3131 for mounting sensors inside, and at least a portion of the third reserved holes 3131 can be connected through a second wire in a third extension groove 3132. The surface of the fourth pressure plate 314 may be provided with a plurality of fourth reserved holes 3141 for mounting sensors inside, and at least a portion of the fourth reserved holes 3141 can be connected through a second wire in a fourth extension groove 3142.

[0056] In the above embodiment, the pre-drilled holes on the surface of the pressure plate provide installation positions for various sensors (such as stress sensors, displacement sensors, etc.), allowing the sensors to directly contact the surface of the rock sample 4, ensuring more accurate and reliable test data. Multiple pre-drilled holes are provided to accommodate different types of sensors according to experimental requirements, enabling simultaneous monitoring of multiple parameters, such as loading force, sample surface displacement, and strain, providing rich data support for experimental data analysis.

[0057] Meanwhile, the extension trenches can accommodate the second wires connecting the sensors, protecting and organizing them to prevent damage during loading or interference with the operation of the loading components. The extension trenches of different pressure plates are independent, ensuring that signal transmission from each sensor does not interfere with each other, thus improving the stability of data acquisition. The second wires converge through the extension trenches and are then led out, resulting in a more orderly wire layout and facilitating inspection and maintenance of the sensor circuitry by testing personnel.

[0058] In other embodiments, refer to Figures 1 to 8 The grouting pipe 35 can be installed in the middle of the first loading component, and the grout guide hole 41 can be located in the middle of any surface of the rock mass sample 4. A pressure sensor 36 can be installed at the inlet of the grouting pipe 35 to detect the grout flow pressure. In this embodiment, the grouting pipe 35 is installed in the middle of the first loading component, so that the outlet of the grouting pipe 35 can be accurately aligned with the grout guide hole 41 on the surface of the rock mass sample 4, ensuring that the grout can be directly injected into the central fracture area generated by loading, improving the targeting of grout injection, and avoiding spatial interference between the grouting pipe 35 and other loading components, ensuring the normal operation of the loading component. The pressure sensor 36 at the inlet of the grouting pipe 35 can monitor the flow pressure of the grout in the pipe in real time, providing supervision for the control of the grouting process. The operator can adjust the grouting rate or stop grouting in time according to the feedback data of the pressure sensor 36, avoiding excessive fracture expansion or grout leakage due to excessive grouting pressure, and also preventing insufficient grout filling of fractures due to insufficient pressure, ensuring the effectiveness of the grouting test.

[0059] For example, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The drive assembly 61 may include a water inlet 611 and a drive baffle 612. The water inlet 611 may be located at the first end of the grout injector 6 and connected to the pump body 5 via a pipeline. The drive baffle 612 is movably disposed within the grout chamber 62. The drive baffle 612 may be provided with a first baffle 6121 and a second baffle 6122 connected by a connecting rod 6123. The first baffle 6121 may be disposed close to the first end to form a drive chamber with a variable volume. The water inlet 611 may communicate with the drive chamber, and the second baffle 6122 may communicate with the grout chamber 62.

[0060] In the above embodiment, the drive component 61 adopts a hydraulically driven diaphragm structure, which can deliver liquid to the drive chamber through the pump body 5, change the volume of the drive chamber, and then drive the drive diaphragm 612 to move as a whole, so as to realize the synchronous change of the volume of the slurry chamber 62, thereby squeezing out the granular slurry in the slurry chamber 62. The output pressure is stable and the slurry delivery rate is uniform, which facilitates the improvement of the injection efficiency of granular slurry and avoids the situation of particle sedimentation or pipeline blockage caused by fluctuations in the delivery rate.

[0061] Furthermore, the first partition 6121 and the second partition 6122 are connected by a connecting rod 6123 to form an integral drive partition 612, ensuring the synchronous movement of the two and avoiding jamming due to uneven force on the partitions. The drive chamber and the slurry chamber 62 are isolated by the drive partition 612 to prevent the slurry from mixing with the drive liquid, ensuring the purity of the slurry and the normal operation of the drive system. The water inlet 611 is connected to the pump body 5 through a pipeline, which facilitates the adjustment of the input rate of the drive liquid according to the test requirements, thereby controlling the output rate of the slurry.

[0062] For example, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The grout chamber 62 may include a grouting port 621, a grouting outlet 622, and a mixing element 623. The grouting port 621 may be located on the wall of the grout chamber 62 and may be equipped with an overflow valve. The grouting outlet 622 may be located at the second end of the grout injector 6. The mixing element 623 may be at least partially located inside the grout chamber 62. A first motor 64 connected to the mixing element 623 may be located outside the second end of the grout injector 6 for driving the mixing element 623 to rotate.

[0063] In the above embodiment, the slurry chamber 62 can be used for storing and mixing granular slurry. The injection port 621 is located on the chamber wall, facilitating the addition of slurry into the slurry chamber 62. An overflow valve installed on the port automatically releases pressure when the pressure inside the slurry chamber 62 is too high, preventing damage to the structure of the slurry chamber 62 due to excessive pressure. It also prevents the slurry from overflowing due to volume expansion during mixing, thus improving the safety of the device. The outlet port 622 is located at the second end of the injector 6 and can be connected to the injection pipe 35 via a pipeline to form a slurry output channel. The agitator 623 rotates within the slurry chamber 62 under the drive of the first motor 64, continuously mixing the granular slurry. This effectively prevents particle sedimentation in the slurry, ensuring uniform slurry concentration and avoiding blockage of the injection pipe 35 or a decrease in injection quality due to particle sedimentation. The first motor 64 is located outside the second end of the injector 6, facilitating motor installation and maintenance, and preventing corrosion from contact with the slurry, thus extending the motor's service life.

[0064] For example, refer to Figure 10The slurry outlet 622 may include a collection tank 6221, a one-way valve 6222, and an outlet valve 6223. The collection tank 6221 may be disposed on the inner wall of the second end and may be configured as a bowl-shaped structure with a gradually narrowing opening along the direction from the inside of the slurry chamber 62 towards the outside. The one-way valve 6222 may be disposed at the bottom of the collection tank 6221 for one-way communication between the inside and outside of the slurry chamber 62. The outlet valve 6223 may be disposed on the side of the slurry outlet 622 near the outside of the slurry chamber 62 for selectively opening and closing the slurry outlet 622.

[0065] In this embodiment, the collecting tank 6221 adopts a bowl-shaped tapering structure, which can be used to collect the slurry in the slurry chamber 62, ensuring that the slurry flows to the outlet 622 in a concentrated manner, avoiding slurry residue at the bottom of the slurry chamber 62. The tapering opening design can also increase the flow velocity of the slurry, reduce the deposition of particles near the outlet 622, and reduce the risk of blockage. At the same time, the one-way valve 6222 can prevent the output slurry from flowing back into the slurry chamber 62, and can also ensure the stability of the grouting pressure, preventing a sudden drop in grouting pressure due to backflow. The outlet valve 6223, as the main switch of the outlet 622, can flexibly control the start and stop of grouting according to the test requirements, making it easy to close the outlet 622 after grouting is completed to prevent slurry leakage, and also facilitating the disassembly and cleaning of the grouting pipe 35.

[0066] In other embodiments, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The agitator 623 can be configured as an umbrella-shaped structure. A support rod 6231 can be provided along the axial direction of the slurry chamber 62, and an agitator rod 6232 can be provided in the radial direction. The agitator rod 6232 can have a stirring hole to allow slurry particles to pass through at least partially during rotation. In this embodiment, the umbrella-shaped agitator 623 increases the contact area between the agitator 623 and the slurry, ensuring that the slurry in different areas of the slurry chamber 62 is fully stirred, thus improving the uniformity of stirring. The axially positioned support rod 6231 provides a stable mounting base for the agitator rod 6232, ensuring that the agitator 623 will not deform or shake during high-speed rotation. The stirring holes on the radially positioned agitator rod 6232 allow some slurry to flow through during stirring, creating a localized turbulent effect, breaking the laminar flow state of the slurry, and allowing particles to be more evenly dispersed in the slurry. Simultaneously, the stirring holes also reduce the resistance experienced by the agitator during rotation, reducing the load on the first motor 64, saving energy and extending the motor's service life.

[0067] For example, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4A second motor 65 can be installed at the bottom of the frame 7, and a rotating shaft 63 can be installed in the middle of the cavity wall of the slurry chamber 62. The output end of the second motor 65 can pass through the frame 7 and be connected to the rotating shaft 63 through a transmission belt 66, for driving the rotating shaft 63 to rotate the grout injector 6. In this embodiment, the second motor 65 drives the rotating shaft 63 to rotate through the transmission belt 66, thereby driving the grout injector 6 to rotate smoothly. The rotating shaft 63 is located in the middle of the cavity wall of the slurry chamber 62, so that the rotation center of the grout injector 6 is located near its center of gravity, reducing the impact on the frame 7 caused by inertia during the rotation process and improving the stability of the device operation. At the same time, the rotation function of the grout injector 6 can realize the interchange of the heights of the two ends, so that when installing the device, the first end with the drive component 61 can be placed at the bottom, making it convenient to place the first motor 64 and the agitator 623 at the second end. Once installed, the second motor 65 can drive the grout injector 6 to flip, so that the drive component 61 is placed on top. The grout can be concentrated in the lower middle part of the grout chamber 62 by its own gravity, which is convenient for the stirring of the agitator 623 and the subsequent grout output from the grout outlet 622, saving energy and making operation easier.

[0068] For example, refer to Figures 1 to 4 The device may also be provided with a support mechanism, including a first base plate 81, a second base plate 82 and a third base plate 83. The first base plate 81 may be provided at the bottom of the loading mechanism, the second base plate 82 may be provided at the bottom of the frame 7, and the third base plate 83 may be provided on the inner side of the bottom wall of the outer cavity 2. The third base plate 83 may be provided with a multi-level laser array 9, which is configured as a concentric square structure with different side lengths.

[0069] In the above embodiments, the first base plate 81 provides a stable support foundation for the loading mechanism, ensuring that the loading mechanism will not shake or tilt during the loading process. The second base plate 82 provides support for the frame 7, ensuring the stability of the grouting mechanism. The third base plate 83 can serve as the direct bearing component of the rock mass sample 4, and the multi-level laser array 9 set on its inner side can be used to achieve precise positioning of the sample.

[0070] It should be noted that the concentric square laser arrays 9 with different side lengths can form a precise positioning reference. The operator can adjust the position of the rock sample 4 to align the edge of the sample with the corresponding laser array 9, ensuring that the rock sample 4 is accurately placed in the center of the inner cavity 1, avoiding deviation of the applied force position from the preset requirements due to sample offset. The visual positioning method of the laser array 9 is intuitive and convenient, improving the efficiency and accuracy of sample installation.

[0071] In other embodiments, the device may also include a control mechanism, which may be connected to the loading mechanism and the grouting mechanism respectively, for controlling the grouting mechanism to inject grout into the loading mechanism, controlling the loading unit 3 to provide pressure to the rock mass sample 4, and controlling the temperature inside the cavity.

[0072] In the above embodiments, the control mechanism can integrate the control of multiple test stages such as loading, grouting, and temperature regulation, improving the automation level of the device. Through the connection between the control mechanism and the loading mechanism, the loading force, loading rate, and combination mode of the loading components of the loading unit 3 can be precisely set, achieving automated control of the loading process. The connection with the grouting mechanism can control the grouting pressure, grouting rate, and grouting time, ensuring the stability of the grouting process. The connection with the heating element 13 and the temperature instrument 151 enables closed-loop control of the internal temperature, allowing the setting of the target temperature and real-time adjustment according to test requirements. This control mechanism can reduce the operator's workload, minimize human error, and ensure the repeatability and reliability of test data. The control mechanism can also be equipped with data acquisition and storage functions to record test parameters such as loading force, grouting pressure, temperature, and sensor monitoring data in real time, facilitating subsequent test data analysis.

[0073] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a rock mass splitting test method based on granular grout injection, applied to the test apparatus provided in the first aspect of this disclosure, comprising the following steps:

[0074] Step S100: Insert grout guide hole 41 into rock mass sample 4, place rock mass sample 4 on the third bottom plate 83 of inner cavity 1 and align it with laser array 9.

[0075] In step S200, the grouting pipe 35 of the loading unit 3 is connected to the grouting hole 41, the inner cavity wall 11 is installed to the rock mass sample 4, and the main locking device 12 between two adjacent inner cavity walls 11 is locked, and the inner cavity 1 is fixedly connected to the limiting plate 22.

[0076] In step S300, the heating element 13 of the inner cavity 1 is connected to the first wire 14, the sensor is installed in the multi-level reserved hole of the multi-level loading assembly 30, the multiple sensors are respectively connected to the second wire in the corresponding extension groove, the multiple first wires 14 and second wires are gathered and passed through the through hole 211 to connect with the control mechanism.

[0077] In step S400, the outer cavity cover 23 is lifted by the load-bearing ring 231 and moved above the opening of the outer cavity wall 21, and then the two are fastened and screwed together.

[0078] In step S500, the loading unit 3 applies a stress of a preset size and area to any surface of the rock sample 4 and heats the inner cavity to a preset temperature.

[0079] In step S600, the grouting device 6 is connected to the grouting pipe 35, and the grouting device 6 is controlled to input granular grout into the rock mass sample 4 and the data is recorded.

[0080] In the above embodiment, step S100, inserting the grout guide hole 41 into the rock mass sample 4, provides a channel for subsequent grout injection. The position of the grout guide hole 41 needs to be determined according to the preset fracture generation location. Aligning the rock mass sample 4 with the laser array 9, the positioning function of the laser array 9 ensures that the center of the sample coincides with the loading center, ensuring uniform loading. In step S200, the connection between the grouting pipe 35 and the grout guide hole 41 ensures good sealing and avoids grout leakage. The locking of the main locking device 12 improves the overall stability of the inner cavity 1. The fixed connection between the inner cavity 1 and the limiting plate 22 prevents the internal structure from shaking or shifting during loading. In step S300, the wiring connection of the heating element 13 ensures accurate temperature regulation. The installation and wiring connection of the sensor enable the detection and acquisition of data or phenomena generated during the splitting test. Furthermore, the design of the wire passing through the through hole 211 ensures a neat wiring layout and avoids interference with the test operation. In step S400, after the outer cavity cover 23 is hoisted to directly above the outer cavity wall 21 via the load-bearing ring 231, the outer cavity cover 23 is bolted to the outer cavity wall 21 to ensure the sealing and stability of the outer cavity 2. In step S500, the loading unit 3 applies preset stress and temperature to simulate the rock mass stress and temperature conditions under different actual scenarios. In step S600, after the grouting device 6 is connected to the grouting pipe 35, grout is injected, and the rock mass splitting test data under the variable temperature environment of the granular grout is recorded.

[0081] For example, a method for controlling the injection of grout 6 into the rock mass sample 4 may include:

[0082] Step S610: The grout is introduced into the grout chamber 62 from the grouting port 621.

[0083] In step S620, the second motor 65 controls the grout injector 6 to flip so that the drive assembly 61 is at the upper end.

[0084] In step S630, the first motor 64 controls the stirring component 623 to stir the slurry.

[0085] In step S640, the pump body 5 is controlled to output a constant liquid to the drive assembly 61 so that the slurry flows out stably from the slurry outlet 622.

[0086] In the above embodiment, after the grout is introduced into the grout chamber 62 through the grouting port 621, the grout injector 6 is flipped so that the drive assembly 61 is at the top, so that the grout in the grout chamber 62 can be concentrated in the lower middle part of the grout chamber 62, which facilitates the stirring and output of the grout. By controlling the first motor 64 to drive the stirring component 623 to stir the grout, particle sedimentation can be prevented, the grout concentration can be made uniform, and the grouting quality can be improved. The pump body 5 can output liquid to the drive assembly 61 at a constant rate, so as to achieve a stable output of grout through the stable movement of the drive baffle 612, avoiding unstable grouting pressure due to fluctuations in output rate, and ensuring that the grout can fully fill the cracks.

[0087] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0088] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0089] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A rock mass splitting test device based on granular slurry infusion, characterized by, The loading mechanism comprises: an inner cavity arranged in a cubic structure for accommodating a cubic rock mass sample inside; an outer cavity arranged in a cubic structure outside the inner cavity and opposite to the cavity wall surface of the inner cavity; and a loading unit arranged between the inner cavity and the outer cavity, and at least partially penetrating the cavity wall of the inner cavity at one end to abut against the surface of the rock mass sample, and screwing with the cavity wall of the outer cavity at the other end, wherein the loading unit comprises a multi-stage loading assembly arranged perpendicularly to the surface of the rock mass sample and arranged in a hierarchical manner from the center to the edge of the rock mass sample, each stage of the loading assembly is configured to move from one cavity wall of the outer cavity to the opposite direction of the surface of the rock mass sample, for providing variable stress on any surface of the rock mass sample to form cracks of different shapes, and wherein the surface of the rock mass sample is provided with a grouting hole, and the loading unit is provided with a grouting pipe connected with the grouting hole, for sequentially introducing slurry into the cracks through the grouting pipe and the grouting hole after forming the cracks in the rock mass sample; The grouting mechanism comprises: a pump body; a grouting device provided with a driving assembly connected with the pump body and a slurry chamber connected with the grouting pipe, the driving assembly is configured to output the slurry in the slurry chamber to the grouting pipe under the drive of the pump body, the driving assembly comprises a water outlet arranged at the first end of the grouting device and a driving partition plate movably arranged in the slurry chamber, the driving partition plate is provided with a first partition plate and a second partition plate connected by a connecting rod, wherein the first partition plate is arranged close to the first end to enclose a driving chamber with variable volume with the first end, the water outlet is in communication with the driving chamber, and the second partition plate is in communication with the slurry chamber for changing the volume of the slurry chamber through the driving partition plate when the liquid volume in the driving chamber changes; and a frame body arranged on both sides of the grouting device, and the grouting device is configured to be rotatably connected with the frame body through a rotating shaft, and the bottom of the frame body is provided with a second motor, and the rotating shaft is arranged at the middle part of the cavity wall of the slurry chamber, wherein the output end of the second motor penetrates the frame body and is connected with the rotating shaft through a transmission belt, for driving the grouting device to rotate through the rotating shaft under the drive of the second motor, so that the two ends of the grouting device are exchanged in the height direction.

2. The rock mass splitting test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The inner cavity comprises: a plurality of inner cavity walls respectively covering each corner of the rock mass sample, and the plurality of inner cavity walls are configured to combine into a loading hole on each surface of the inner cavity, for penetrating part of the loading unit into the inner cavity to abut against the surface of the rock mass sample, and each inner cavity wall is connected through a total lock; a heating element arranged along each edge of the inner cavity; A first wire for connecting the heating element with the outside of the loading mechanism; A sealing layer arranged between the inner cavity wall and the loading unit, the sealing layer being provided with a temperature instrument for monitoring the temperature of the inner cavity; and A heat insulation layer arranged between the edge of the inner cavity wall and the heating element.

3. The rock mass splitting test apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer cavity body comprises: An outer cavity wall arranged as a concave groove structure with an opening upward, the inside of the outer cavity wall being used for accommodating the inner cavity body and the loading unit, the bottom of the outer cavity wall being provided with a through hole for collecting wires and passing through the outer cavity wall to communicate with the outside; A limiting plate arranged in the outer cavity wall for limiting and supporting the cavity wall of the inner cavity, the number of the limiting plates being multiple, and each of the limiting plates being fixedly connected with the inside of the outer cavity wall; and An outer cavity cover arranged on the opening side of the outer cavity wall, the outer cavity cover being bolted with the outer cavity wall, and the surface of the outer cavity cover being provided with a force ring, Wherein, the outer cavity cover and each outer cavity wall are fixedly connected with one loading unit respectively through bolts.

4. The rock mass splitting test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The multi-stage loading assembly of the loading unit comprises: A first loading assembly comprising a first pressing plate, a first loading column and a first hydraulic cavity, one end of the first pressing plate being abutted with the surface of the rock mass sample, the other end being connected with the first loading column, the first hydraulic cavity being arranged at the end of the first loading column away from the first pressing plate, for driving the first loading column to push the first pressing plate to move towards the rock mass sample, the radial dimension of the first pressing plate being greater than the radial dimension of the first loading column; A second loading assembly comprising a second pressing plate, a second loading column and a second hydraulic cavity, the second pressing plate being sleeved on the first pressing plate, the second loading column being sleeved on the first loading column, the second hydraulic cavity being arranged at the end of the second loading column away from the second pressing plate, for driving the second loading column to push the second pressing plate to move towards the rock mass sample, the radial dimension of the second pressing plate being greater than the radial dimension of the second loading column; A third loading assembly comprising a third pressing plate, a third loading column and a third hydraulic cavity, the third pressing plate being sleeved on the second pressing plate, the third loading column being sleeved on the second loading column, the third hydraulic cavity being arranged at the end of the third loading column away from the third pressing plate, for driving the third loading column to push the third pressing plate to move towards the rock mass sample, the radial dimension of the third pressing plate being greater than the radial dimension of the third loading column; and A fourth loading assembly comprising a fourth pressing plate, a fourth loading column and a fourth hydraulic cavity, the fourth pressing plate being sleeved on the third pressing plate, the fourth loading column being sleeved on the third loading column, the fourth hydraulic cavity being arranged at the end of the fourth loading column away from the fourth pressing plate, for driving the fourth loading column to push the fourth pressing plate to move towards the rock mass sample, the radial dimension of the fourth pressing plate being greater than the radial dimension of the fourth loading column.

5. The rock mass splitting test apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The loading unit further comprises: A first lock is arranged at one end of the first and second pressing plates facing the rock sample, for selectively connecting the first and second pressing plates; A second lock is arranged at one end of the second and third pressing plates facing the rock sample, for selectively connecting the second and third pressing plates; and A third lock is arranged at one end of the third and fourth pressing plates facing the rock sample, for selectively connecting the third and fourth pressing plates, Wherein, the loading unit is provided with a first preset position, a second preset position, a third preset position, a fourth preset position and a fifth preset position, and when the loading unit is located at the first preset position, the first lock, the second lock and the third lock are locked, and the loading unit is unloaded; when the loading unit is located at the second preset position, the first lock is unlocked, the second lock and the third lock are locked, and the first loading assembly is loaded; when the loading unit is located at the third preset position, the second lock is unlocked, the first lock and the third lock are locked, and the first loading assembly and the second loading assembly are loaded; when the loading unit is located at the fourth preset position, the third lock is unlocked, the first lock and the second lock are locked, and the first loading assembly, the second loading assembly and the third loading assembly are loaded; when the loading unit is located at the fifth preset position, the first lock, the second lock and the third lock are locked, and the first loading assembly, the second loading assembly, the third loading assembly and the fourth loading assembly are loaded.

6. The rock mass cleat testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein, One end of the first hydraulic cavity facing the outer cavity is provided with a first hydraulic port, one end of the second hydraulic cavity facing the outer cavity is provided with a second hydraulic port, one end of the third hydraulic cavity facing the outer cavity is provided with a third hydraulic port, and one end of the fourth hydraulic cavity facing the outer cavity is provided with a fourth hydraulic port, Wherein, the first hydraulic port, the second hydraulic port, the third hydraulic port and the fourth hydraulic port are respectively connected with a pressure supply mechanism outside.

7. The rock mass cleat testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The surface of the first pressing plate is provided with a plurality of first reserved holes for internally arranging sensors, and at least part of the first reserved holes are communicated through second wires in a first extension guide groove; The surface of the second pressing plate is provided with a plurality of second reserved holes for internally arranging sensors, and at least part of the second reserved holes are communicated through second wires in a second extension guide groove; The surface of the third pressing plate is provided with a plurality of third reserved holes for internally arranging sensors, and at least part of the third reserved holes are communicated through second wires in a third extension guide groove; The surface of the fourth pressing plate is provided with a plurality of fourth reserved holes for internally arranging sensors, and at least part of the fourth reserved holes are communicated through second wires in a fourth extension guide groove.

8. The rock mass splitting test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The slurry cavity comprises: A grouting port is arranged on the cavity wall of the slurry cavity, and the grouting port is provided with an overflow valve; A slurry outlet is arranged at the second end of the grouting device. A stirring member is arranged at least partially in the slurry chamber, and a first motor is arranged outside the second end of the grouting device and connected to the stirring member to drive the stirring member to rotate in the slurry chamber to stir the slurry.

9. The rock mass cleat testing apparatus of claim 8, wherein, The slurry outlet is arranged to include: A liquid collecting groove is arranged on the inner wall of the second end, and the liquid collecting groove is configured in a bowl shape with a gradually tapered opening from the inside to the outside of the slurry chamber. A one-way valve is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting groove to one-way connect the inside and outside of the slurry chamber. An outlet valve is arranged at one side of the slurry outlet close to the outside of the slurry chamber to selectively open and close the slurry outlet.

10. The rock mass splitting test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The device further comprises a bearing mechanism, which includes: A first bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the loading mechanism. A second bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the frame body. A third bottom plate is arranged on the inner side of the bottom wall of the outer cavity, and a plurality of laser arrays are arranged on the third bottom plate, which are configured in concentric square structures with different side lengths.

11. A method of rock mass splitting test based on granular slurry infusion, applied to the rock mass splitting test device based on granular slurry infusion according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: A grouting hole is arranged in a rock sample, and the rock sample is placed on the third bottom plate of the inner cavity and aligned with the laser array. The grouting pipe of the loading unit is connected to the grouting hole, the inner cavity wall is installed to the rock sample, and the total locking device between the adjacent two inner cavity walls is locked to fix the inner cavity and the limiting plate. The heating member of the inner cavity is connected to the first wire, the sensors are installed in the multi-stage reserved holes of the multi-stage loading assembly, the plurality of sensors are respectively connected to the second wires in the corresponding extension grooves, and the plurality of first wires and second wires are collected and passed out of the through hole to be connected to the control mechanism. The outer cavity cover is lifted by the bearing ring and moved above the opening of the outer cavity wall, and then the two are buckled and screwed. The loading unit controls the stress applied to any surface of the rock sample to be of a predetermined size and area, and the inner cavity is heated to a predetermined temperature. The grouting device is connected to the grouting pipe, and the grouting device is controlled to input the granular slurry into the rock sample and record the data. The method for controlling the grouting device to input the granular slurry into the rock sample includes:

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The slurry is introduced into the slurry chamber from the grouting outlet. The grouting device is turned over by the second motor to drive the driving assembly to be located at the upper end. The stirring member stirs the slurry by the first motor. The pump body outputs constant liquid to the driving assembly to make the slurry stably flow out of the slurry outlet. ​

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