Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic component

Abstract

The invention relates to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic component, and relates to the field of photovoltaic technology. In the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprises a laminated part and a frame, the frame comprises four sub-frames, each sub-frame is provided with a side structure edge and a bottom structure edge which are connected, the side structure edges abut against the side faces of the laminated part, the bottom structure edges are bonded to the bottom face of the laminated part, and in every two connected sub-frames, the side structure edges and the bottom structure edges are mutually connected. One end part of the bottom structure edge of one sub-frame is provided with a first connecting edge, one end part of the bottom structure edge of the other sub-frame is provided with a second connecting edge, the first connecting edge comprises a first arc part, the second connecting edge comprises a second arc part, and the first arc part is connected with the second arc part; the first connecting edge comprises a first fold line part, the second connecting edge comprises a second fold line part, the first fold line part is connected with the second fold line part, the connecting strength between the first connecting edge and the second connecting edge is large, and the structural strength of the frame is large.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application. The original application has the application number 2024111963590 and the original application date is August 27, 2024. The entire contents of the original application are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and photovoltaic component. Background Technology

[0003] In existing technologies, photovoltaic modules include a laminate and a frame. The laminate includes a cell string, which comprises multiple electrically connected cells. The frame is mounted on the edge of the laminate. In these technologies, the structural strength of the frame is relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a photovoltaic module, which includes a laminate and a frame. The frame includes four sub-frames, each sub-frame having a connected side structural edge and a bottom structural edge. The side structural edge abuts against the side surface of the laminate, and the bottom structural edge is bonded to the bottom surface of the laminate. In two connected sub-frames, one end of the bottom structural edge of one sub-frame has a first connecting edge, and one end of the bottom structural edge of the other sub-frame has a second connecting edge. The first connecting edge and the second connecting edge are connected. The first connecting edge includes a first arc portion, and the second connecting edge includes a second arc portion. The first arc portion and the second arc portion are connected, and / or, the first connecting edge includes a first zigzag portion, and the second connecting edge includes a second zigzag portion. The first zigzag portion and the second zigzag portion are connected.

[0005] In this application, the length of the zigzag contact structure between the first and second connecting edges is relatively large, meaning there are more connection points between the first and second connecting edges. Consequently, the connection strength between the first and second connecting edges is greater, and the structural strength of the frame is also greater. Similarly, the length of the arcuate contact structure between the first and second connecting edges is also relatively large, meaning there are more connection points between the first and second connecting edges. Consequently, the connection strength between the first and second connecting edges is greater, and the structural strength of the frame is also greater.

[0006] Optionally, when the first arc portion of the first connecting edge is connected to the second arc portion of the second connecting edge, the first arc portion is convex outward and the second arc portion is concave inward, with the first arc portion and the second arc portion engaging in a concave-convex fit.

[0007] Optionally, when the first folded portion of the first connecting edge is connected to the second folded portion of the second connecting edge, both the first folded portion and the second folded portion are serrated, and the first folded portion and the second folded portion are interlocked.

[0008] Optionally, the top surface of the laminate includes a first light incident portion and a pressed portion, and the bottom surface of the laminate includes a second light incident portion and an adhesive portion. The pressed portion is close to the edge of the top surface of the laminate, the first light incident portion is located on the side of the pressed portion away from the edge of the top surface of the laminate, the adhesive portion is close to the edge of the bottom surface of the laminate, the second light incident portion is located on the side of the adhesive portion away from the edge of the bottom surface of the laminate, the projection of the pressed portion in the vertical direction of the laminate is located within the adhesive portion, and the bottom structural edge supports and is adhesive to the adhesive portion. The pressed portion is used to be directly pressed by the mounting component, and the bottom structural edge is used to be directly supported by the mounting component.

[0009] Optionally, the pressed portion is adjacent to the edge of the top surface of the laminate.

[0010] Optionally, the top surface of the laminate also includes a limiting portion adjacent to the edge of the top surface of the laminate. The limiting portion is located between the pressed portion and the edge of the top surface of the laminate. The frame includes a top structural edge that extends from the top of the side structural edge to the limiting portion and is limited and abutted against the limiting portion.

[0011] Optionally, the top structural edge has a slope facing away from the laminate, the slope includes a first edge and a second edge, the projection of the first edge in the vertical direction of the frame is located on the side structural edge, the height of the first edge is higher than the height of the second edge, and the projection of the second edge in the vertical direction of the frame is located within the restricted portion.

[0012] Optionally, the bottom structural edge includes a first segment and a second segment, the first segment is connected to the side structural edge, the end of the first segment away from the side structural edge is connected to the second segment, and the second segment is bent away from the first segment towards the side away from the laminate.

[0013] Optionally, the first segment has a supported surface and a supporting surface for supporting the bottom surface of the laminate. The supporting surface has a third edge connected to the side structure edge and a fourth edge away from the side structure edge. The height of the fourth edge is lower than the height of the third edge, so that there is an acute angle α between the supporting surface and the supported surface, and the acute angle α satisfies 0.1°~5°.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides a photovoltaic component, which includes a detachably connected photovoltaic module and an installation component, wherein the photovoltaic module adopts the photovoltaic module provided in the first aspect of this application as described above. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the profile in a specific embodiment; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the medium-sized profile after some of its structural components have been removed. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a border without side A in a specific embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first sub-border in one specific embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic module in a specific embodiment, where the dashed lines represent the structural cross-sectional lines; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the laminate and the first sub-frame under unbonded conditions. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the laminate, the first sub-frame, and the single-layer adhesive; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the laminate, the first sub-frame, and the double-layer adhesive; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the laminate, the first sub-frame, and the three layers of adhesive; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the laminate and the first sub-frame under unbonded conditions, wherein the first sub-frame has a first through hole; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the laminate, the first sub-frame, and the sealing component under unbonded conditions. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the laminate, the first sub-frame, the adhesive, and the sealing component; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the laminate, the first sub-frame, the adhesive, and the sealing component, wherein the first through hole is filled with adhesive. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the laminate and the first sub-frame under unbonded conditions, wherein the first sub-frame has a second through hole; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the laminate and the first sub-frame under unbonded conditions, wherein the first sub-frame has a second through hole and a top structural edge; Figure 16This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laminate in one specific embodiment; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic component in one specific embodiment; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laminate in one specific embodiment, wherein the laminate includes a limiting portion; Figure 19 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first sub-frame with a top structural edge in one specific embodiment; Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the first and second sub-borders; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the first sub-border and the second sub-border in another embodiment; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sub-border without side A in another specific embodiment; Figure 23 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the first sub-frame with a top structural edge in another specific embodiment; Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic component from a top-down view.

[0017] 10- Photovoltaic modules; 1-Laminated components; 11-Top surface; 111 - First light incident section; 112 - The part being pressed; 113 - Limiting part; 12-Bottom; 121 - Second light incident section; 122 - The part to be bonded; 13-Side view; 02- Profiles; 021 - Side structure edge to be processed; 022 - Bottom structure edge to be processed; 0221 - First end; 0222 - Second end; 0223 - Chamfered structure; 0224 - Gap structure; 2-Border; 2a - First sub-border; 2b - Second sub-border; 2c - Third child border; 2D - Fourth Sub-border; 21-Side structure edge; 211 - First through hole; 22-Bottom structure edge; 221 - First paragraph; 2211 - Support surface; 2211a - Third Edge; 2211b - Fourth Edge; 2212 - Supported surface; 222 - Second paragraph; 223 - Second through hole; 224 - First connecting edge; 224a - First arc section; 224b - First broken line section; 225 - Second connecting edge; 225a - Second arc section; 225b - Second fold line section; 23-Top structural edge; 231-slope; 231a - First Edge; 231b - Second Edge; 3-Adhesive; 4-Interval space; 5-Sealing component; 20-Installation components; 201 - Top short border component; 2011 - Top short bezel body; 2012 - Upper shock absorber; 202-Bottom Short Bezel Component; 2021 - Short bottom bezel body; 2021a - Mounting slot; 2022 - Lower shock absorber; 203-Blocking. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments in this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0021] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0022] In the accompanying diagram, directions X, Y, and Z are perpendicular to each other, with direction Y pointing from bottom to top.

[0023] Existing photovoltaic module manufacturing methods include: firstly, processing four profiles separately; secondly, sequentially bonding the four processed profiles to a laminate; and thirdly, sequentially connecting the four processed profiles to form a frame. During the process of removing local structures from the profiles, four clamping and unclamping operations are required, resulting in a lengthy processing time. During the sequential bonding of the four processed profiles to the laminate, the four separate profiles require a high degree of freedom for positioning by the clamps, making positioning difficult. Finally, the sequential connection of the four processed profiles to form the frame requires four connection operations, resulting in a lengthy fixing and connection time.

[0024] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, comprising steps S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5.

[0025] Step S1: Remove local structures at both ends of the profile to form chamfered structures at both ends. A profile is defined as a straight strip structure of metal with a specific cross-sectional shape and size after being plastically formed.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 The profile 02 shown may include a side structural edge 021 and a bottom structural edge 022 connected to each other. The side structural edge 021, after processing, is used to abut against the side of the photovoltaic laminate (not shown in the figure), and the bottom structural edge 022, after processing, is used to support the bottom surface of the photovoltaic laminate. In other words, after processing, the profile 02 can serve as a frame structure connected to the photovoltaic laminate. The profile 02 can protect and fix the photovoltaic laminate. Details regarding the photovoltaic laminate will be described later.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, profile 02 includes a first end 0221 and a second end 0222 disposed opposite each other in direction Z. Partial structures can be removed from the first end 0221 of the bottom structure edge 022 to form a shape as shown. Figure 2The chamfered structure 0223 is shown at the first end 0221 of the bottom structure edge 022 to be processed. Alternatively, a partial structure can be removed at the second end 0222 of the bottom structure edge 022 to form a shape such as... Figure 2 The chamfered structure 0223 is shown at the second end 0222 of the bottom structure edge 022 to be processed. Alternatively, partial structures can be removed at both the first end 0221 and the second end 0222 of the side structure edge 021 to be processed. The subsequent description of the method for forming the chamfered structure 0223 will primarily focus on the example of removing partial structures at the end of the bottom structure edge 022 to be processed.

[0028] Additionally, in step S1, a milling, cutting, or punching process can be used to remove local structures to form the desired chamfered structure 0223. The cutting process can include mechanical cutting, laser cutting, or electrical discharge cutting.

[0029] Furthermore, the chamfer angle of chamfer structure 0223 can be 45°, which facilitates the subsequent formation of a rectangular border. Alternatively, the chamfer angle of chamfer structure 0223 can also be other acute angles other than 45°, which facilitates the subsequent formation of a parallelogram border. The following content of this article mainly describes the chamfer angle of chamfer structure 0223 as 45° as an example.

[0030] In addition, the edge of the chamfered structure 0223 can be a straight edge, or the edge of the chamfered structure 0223 can include a curved edge and / or a broken edge.

[0031] Step S2: Remove the local structure between the two ends of the profile to form a notch structure between the two ends of the profile.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 The profile 02 shown can have a portion of its structure removed from the part between the first end 0221 and the second end 0222 of the bottom structure edge 022 to be processed, in order to form a shape as shown. Figure 2 The notch structure 0224 is shown located on the edge 022 of the bottom structure to be processed.

[0033] In step S2, a milling, cutting, or punching process can be used to remove local structures to form the desired notch structure 0224. The cutting process can include mechanical cutting, laser cutting, or electrical discharge cutting.

[0034] Furthermore, if the profile 02 is subsequently used to form a quadrilateral frame, the number of notch structures 0224 formed in step S2 can be three. The positions of the three notch structures 0224 in the Z direction can be changed so that the profile 02 can subsequently form a square or rectangular frame. Of course, the number of notch structures 0224 formed in step S2 can be one, and the processed profile 02 can subsequently be used to form two side frames, which can then be combined with other two side frames to form a quadrilateral frame; the number of notch structures 0224 formed in step S2 can be two, and the processed profile 02 can subsequently be used to form a three-side frame, which can then be combined with other single-side frames to form a quadrilateral frame. The following content mainly describes the use of the same profile 02 being processed to form a quadrilateral frame as an example.

[0035] Furthermore, the included angle of the notch structure 0224 can be 90°, so that the profile 02 can subsequently form a rectangular frame (square frame or rectangular frame). Some of the notch structures 0224 can also have an acute angle, while others can have an obtuse angle, so that the profile 02 can subsequently form a parallelogram frame. The following content will primarily describe the notch structure 0224 with a 90° included angle as an example.

[0036] In addition, the edge of the notch structure 0224 can be a straight edge, or the edge of the notch structure 0224 can include an arc edge and / or a broken edge.

[0037] Step S3: Bend the portion of the profile corresponding to the notch structure to form a frame.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the portion of the side structure 021 to be processed that corresponds to the notch structure 0224 in the Z direction can be bent to enclose and form a shape as shown. Figure 3 The border 2 is shown. Accordingly, the notch structure 0224 is closed. Since the tip of the notch structure 0224 is located at the connection between the side structure edge 021 to be processed and the bottom structure edge 022 to be processed, the possibility of the portions of the bottom structure edge 022 to be processed located on both sides of the notch structure 0224 being squeezed against each other during the bending process is relatively small.

[0039] The bending process can be performed using a bending machine. Specifically, the bending machine can simultaneously apply force and torque to the structures on both sides of the same notch structure 0224 in the profile 02, so that the portion of the side structure 021 to be processed corresponding to the notch structure 0224 in the Z direction is bent. Alternatively, the bending machine can fix one side of the profile 02 located at the same notch structure 0224, and apply force and torque to the other side of the profile 02 located at the same notch structure 0224, so that the portion of the side structure 021 to be processed corresponding to the notch structure 0224 in the Z direction is bent. When there are three notch structures 0224, the bending machine can simultaneously bend three portions of the side structure 021 to be processed corresponding to the three notch structures 0224 in the Z direction, or the bending machine can sequentially bend the three portions of the side structure 021 to be processed corresponding to the three notch structures 0224 in the Z direction.

[0040] Step S4: Connect the two chamfered structures of the border to fix the border.

[0041] After profile 02 is bent, the two chamfered structures 0223 of profile 02, being free parts, need to be connected together to achieve the desired effect. Figure 3 The shown border 2 can be reliably maintained as a quadrilateral border, and makes it as follows: Figure 3 The frame 2 shown can serve as a frame structure with high structural strength, thus enabling the frame 2 to better protect, support and fix the photovoltaic laminate.

[0042] The connection method includes at least one of welding, bonding, fastener connection, and corner bracket connection.

[0043] In addition, since the two parts of the side structure 021 to be processed, which correspond to the two chamfered structures 0223 in the Z direction, are also free parts, they can also be connected together. Accordingly, the connection method can also include at least one of welding, bonding, fastener connection and corner bracket connection.

[0044] Furthermore, the specific connection method of the two chamfered structures 0223 can be the same as or different from the specific connection method of the two parts of the side structure 021 to be processed that correspond to the two chamfered structures 0223 in the Z direction.

[0045] Furthermore, when border 2 is a quadrilateral border, border 2 includes a first sub-border 2a, a second sub-border 2b, a third sub-border 2c, and a fourth sub-border 2d that are connected. The cross-sectional shapes of the first sub-border 2a, the second sub-border 2b, the third sub-border 2c, and the fourth sub-border 2d are the same. Please refer to... Figure 4As shown, taking the cross-section of the first sub-frame 2a as an example, frame 2 includes a connected side structural edge 21 and a bottom structural edge 22. The side structural edge 021 to be processed is formed after being bent, and the bottom structural edge 022 to be processed is formed after removing local structures and bending. The following content of this article will also mainly use the cross-sectional structural diagram of the first sub-frame 2a shown in the attached figure as an example to introduce frame 2.

[0046] Step S5: Apply adhesive to the frame and / or laminate to bond the frame and laminate.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, adhesive 3 can be placed on the bottom structural edge 22 of the frame 2 first, and then the laminate 1 (including the solar cells for converting light energy into electrical energy) can be placed on the adhesive 3, thereby bonding the bottom structural edge 22 to the laminate 1 through the adhesive 3 to form the photovoltaic module 10. Alternatively, adhesive 3 can be placed on the laminate 1 first, and then the laminate 1 can be bonded to the bottom structural edge 22 through the adhesive 3. Alternatively, adhesive 3 can be placed on both the bottom structural edge 22 and the laminate 1, and then the bottom structural edge 22 and the laminate 1 can be bonded together through the adhesive 3. Alternatively, the bottom structural edge 22 and the laminate 1 can be brought close to each other in the Y direction, forming a gap between them, and adhesive 3 can be placed in the gap between the bottom structural edge 22 and the laminate 1.

[0048] The side structure edge 21 of the frame 2 can also be bonded to the side surface 13 of the laminate 1 (not shown in the figure).

[0049] In the photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided in this application embodiment, a partial removal process is performed on a single profile 02, requiring fewer clamping and unclamping operations for the same profile 02, resulting in a shorter processing time. Secondly, the frame 2 and the laminate 1 are bonded together, requiring fewer degrees of freedom for the frame 2 to be positioned by the clamp, making the positioning of the frame 2 easier. Furthermore, the two free parts of the frame 2 are connected and fixed in one operation, resulting in a shorter connection and fixing time for the frame 2.

[0050] In summary, compared with the existing photovoltaic module manufacturing methods, the photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided in this application has the advantages of low manufacturing difficulty and short manufacturing time. That is, the photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided in this application can improve the production efficiency of photovoltaic module 10.

[0051] The description of the photovoltaic module manufacturing method according to the embodiments of this application mainly uses an L-shaped profile or frame as an example. Of course, the photovoltaic module manufacturing method of the embodiments of this application is also applicable to profiles or frames with other cross-sectional shapes.

[0052] The photovoltaic module manufacturing method of this application embodiment does not limit the order of steps S1 and S2. Step S1 can be performed before step S2, or step S2 can also be performed before step S1, or steps S1 and S2 can be performed simultaneously. At least steps S1 and S2 must be performed before step S3.

[0053] The order of steps S4 and S5 is related to the cross-sectional shape of profile 02. If the cross-sectional shape of profile 02 is as follows... Figure 1 If the L-shaped shape shown means that the top of profile 02 does not have side A (side A is generally used to describe the structural side located at the top of the profile and perpendicular to the height direction of the profile), then step S4 can be performed before step S5, or step S5 can be performed before step S4, or step S4 and step S5 can be performed simultaneously.

[0054] If step S4 is performed before step S5, frame 2 can be fixed to form a quadrilateral frame first. Then, the laminate 1 and frame 2 are aligned in the X and Z directions. Next, the laminate 1 is positioned above the frame 2, and a gap is maintained between the laminate 1 and the frame 2 in the Y direction. Then, the laminate 1 and frame 2 are bonded together. During the bonding process of the laminate 1 and frame 2, the frame 2, which has been fixed to form a quadrilateral frame in step S4, is not easily misaligned relative to the laminate 1 in the X and Z directions. This makes it less likely that the uncured adhesive 3 will flow freely relative to the laminate 1 and frame 2 in the X and Z directions, which helps to improve the reliability of the bonding between the laminate 1 and frame 2. Furthermore, the quadrilateral frame 2, which has been fixed to form a quadrilateral frame in step S4, has fewer degrees of freedom for positioning by the fixture in step S5, i.e., the positioning difficulty is lower.

[0055] If step S5 is performed before step S4, the laminate 1 and the frame 2 can be bonded together first, and then the two free parts of the frame 2 can be fixedly connected by bonding in the same way. Of course, the two free parts of the frame 2 can also be fixedly connected by welding.

[0056] If steps S4 and S5 are performed simultaneously, the frame 2 and the laminate 1, as well as the two free parts of the frame 2, can be bonded at the same time. Alternatively, the frame 2 and the laminate 1, as well as the two free parts of the frame 2, can be bonded at the same time.

[0057] If the top of profile 02 has side A, that is, the cross-sectional shape of profile 02 is U-shaped, regardless of the length of side A, side A interferes with the movement of laminate 1 in the Y direction, then step S5 can only be implemented first, and then step S4 can be implemented.

[0058] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 6As shown, the bottom surface 12 of the laminate 1 includes an adhesive portion 122. The bottom structural edge 22 of the frame 2 is used to support the adhesive portion 122. Step S5 includes: Step S51: As Figure 6 As shown, the laminate 1 and the frame 2 are positioned respectively so that a space 4 is formed in the Y direction between the bottom structure edge 22 and the bonded part 122. Adhesive 3 is placed in the space 4 to bond the bottom structure edge 22 and the bonded part 122.

[0059] In this design, the bottom surface 12 of the laminate 1 is higher than the height of the bottom structural edge 22, but the bottom surface 12 of the laminate 1 is lower than the top height of the side structural edge 21. Before the adhesive 3 cures, the frame 2 and the laminate 1 can be brought closer to each other in the Y direction to squeeze out air bubbles in the adhesive 3, ensuring that both the bottom structural edge 22 and the bonded portion 122 are in full contact with the adhesive 3, thereby increasing the reliability of the bond between the laminate 1 and the frame 2.

[0060] Optionally, step S51 includes step S511: Please refer to Figures 6-9 As shown, adhesive 3 is placed layer by layer in the space 4 in a direction from inside the space 4 to outside the space 4. Alternatively, adhesive 3 can be placed layer by layer in the space 4 in a direction perpendicular to the Y direction. This step S511 has the following advantages: the first layer of adhesive 3 placed initially is less likely to flow to the outside of the space 4 in a short time. Because the adhesive 3 can be sprayed outwards using a glue sprayer, even if the first layer of adhesive 3 tends to flow outwards, the second layer of adhesive 3 placed subsequently can exert a force on the first layer of adhesive 3 during spraying, inhibiting its flow to the outside of the space 4, thus ensuring that the first layer of adhesive 3 fills the innermost space of the space 4 better. Furthermore, the adhesive 3 placed layer by layer can gradually expel air from inside the space 4, and the first layer of adhesive 3 is less likely to flow to the outside of the space 4 due to the negative air pressure. During the placement of the final layer of adhesive 3, since the previously placed layers of adhesive 3 have begun to gradually cure but are not fully cured, they themselves are less likely to flow out of the space 4. The previously placed layers of adhesive 3 can limit the flow of the final layer of adhesive 3 out of the space 4 through adhesive force, and make the surface of the final layer of adhesive 3 relatively neat after curing. In summary, step S511, on the one hand, allows the adhesive 3 to fill the space 4 better, making it less likely for air bubbles to exist in the space 4, thereby improving the reliability of the bond between the laminate 1 and the frame 2; on the other hand, step S511 makes it less likely for the adhesive 3 to overflow out of the space 4, reducing the possibility of subsequent touch-up, thereby achieving the technical effect of saving adhesive 3 usage.

[0061] In step S511, the number of layers of adhesive 3 can be at least two, and the specific number of layers is related to the amount of adhesive sprayed.

[0062] Furthermore, the placement process for each layer of adhesive 3 involves using a glue sprayer to move from a predetermined position within the space 4 along a predetermined direction and path to another predetermined position, spraying adhesive as it moves. For example, after placing the first layer of adhesive 3 within the space 4, the glue sprayer can move again and spray adhesive to form the second layer of adhesive 3.

[0063] Optionally, step S511 includes: Step S511a: First, place a single layer of adhesive 3 in the space 4 between the first sub-frame 2a and the laminate 1. Then, place a single layer of adhesive 3 in the space 4 between the second sub-frame 2b and the laminate 1. Next, place a single layer of adhesive 3 in the space 4 between the third sub-frame 2c and the laminate 1. Finally, place a single layer of adhesive 3 in the space 4 between the fourth sub-frame 2d and the laminate 1.

[0064] Step S511b: Perform step S511a at least twice.

[0065] Under the settings of steps S511a and S511b, the above-mentioned layer-by-layer application of adhesive 3 can be completed using a single glue spraying machine, which has fewer restrictions on the size of the glue spraying machine and is easier to control.

[0066] The order in which the single-layer adhesive 3 is placed can also be the reverse of the order in step S511a. That is, the single-layer adhesive 3 can be placed first in the space 4 between the fourth sub-frame 2d and the laminate 1, then in the space 4 between the third sub-frame 2c and the laminate 1, then in the space 4 between the second sub-frame 2b and the laminate 1, and finally in the space 4 between the first sub-frame 2a and the laminate 1.

[0067] In addition, a continuous adhesive 3 can be formed on the first sub-frame 2a, the second sub-frame 2b, the third sub-frame 2c and the fourth sub-frame 2d using a glue sprayer. Alternatively, a spray adhesive machine can be used to form separate adhesive 3 between the first sub-frame 2a, the second sub-frame 2b, the third sub-frame 2c, and the fourth sub-frame 2d. That is, there is a separation space between the adhesive 3 located in the first sub-frame 2a and the adhesive 3 located in the second sub-frame 2b, between the adhesive 3 located in the second sub-frame 2b and the adhesive 3 located in the third sub-frame 2c, between the adhesive 3 located in the third sub-frame 2c and the adhesive 3 located in the fourth sub-frame 2d, and between the adhesive 3 located in the fourth sub-frame 2d and the adhesive 3 located in the first sub-frame 2a. The above separation space serves as the deformation space for the adhesive 3 during and after curing, which is used to release the stress generated by the deformation of the adhesive 3, reduce the possibility of large local stress on the contact surface between the laminate 1 and the adhesive 3, and thus reduce the possibility of structural problems such as plastic deformation, cracking, or breakage of the laminate 1.

[0068] Furthermore, each layer of adhesive 3 within the space 4 between the first sub-frame 2a and the laminate 1 extends along the extension direction (direction Z) of the first sub-frame 2a. Similarly, each layer of adhesive 3 located on the other sub-frames extends along the extension direction of the corresponding sub-frame.

[0069] Optionally, if border 2 is a quadrilateral border, border 2 includes a first sub-border 2a, a second sub-border 2b, a third sub-border 2c, and a fourth sub-border 2d, then step S511 includes: Step S511c: Apply adhesive 3 layer by layer in the gap space 4 between the first sub-frame 2a and the laminate 1.

[0070] Step S511d: Apply adhesive 3 layer by layer in the gap space 4 between the second sub-frame 2b and the laminate 1.

[0071] Step S511e: Apply adhesive 3 layer by layer in the gap space 4 between the third sub-frame 2c and the laminate 1.

[0072] Step S511f: Apply adhesive 3 layer by layer in the gap space 4 between the fourth sub-frame 2d and the laminate 1.

[0073] Regarding the execution order of steps S511c, S511d, S511e, and S511f, steps S511c, S511d, S511e, and S511f can be executed in turn. For example, adhesive 3 can be placed layer by layer and filled in the space 4 between the first sub-frame 2a and the laminate 1, then adhesive 3 can be placed layer by layer and filled in the space 4 between the second sub-frame 2b and the laminate 1, then adhesive 3 can be placed layer by layer and filled in the space 4 between the third sub-frame 2c and the laminate 1, and finally adhesive 3 can be placed layer by layer and filled in the space 4 between the fourth sub-frame 2d and the laminate 1. With this setup, the above layer-by-layer application of adhesive 3 can be completed using a single glue spraying machine, which has fewer restrictions on the size of the glue spraying machine and is easier to control.

[0074] In other embodiments, steps S511f, S511e, S511d and S511c may be executed in turn.

[0075] Regarding the execution order of steps S511c, S511d, S511e, and S511f, steps S511c, S511d, S511e, and S511f can also be executed simultaneously, for example, by using four glue spraying machines to spray glue simultaneously at their respective corresponding positions. Under this setup, the molding efficiency of the adhesive 3 is higher, resulting in higher production efficiency for the photovoltaic module 10.

[0076] If border 2 is a border without side A, please refer to... Figure 10 As shown, the side structure edge 21 of the frame 2 can be provided with a first through hole 211. Accordingly, step S5 includes: Step S52: Please refer to Figure 10 As shown, the laminate 1 and the frame 2 are positioned respectively so that a space 4 is formed in the Y direction between the bottom structure edge 22 and the bonded part 122, and the first through hole 211 is connected to the space 4.

[0077] Step S53; please refer to Figure 11 As shown, the sealing element 5 is used to seal the opening of the interval space 4 that is far from the first through hole 211.

[0078] Step S54: Please refer to Figure 12 As shown, adhesive 3 is injected into the space 4 through the first through hole 211.

[0079] Step S55: Please refer to Figure 13 As shown, the laminate 1 and the frame 2 are brought close to each other in the Y direction so that a portion of the adhesive 3 overflows from the space 4 into the first through hole 211.

[0080] Regarding steps S52, S53, S54, and S55, this arrangement prevents the adhesive 3 from easily overflowing outside the space 4, reducing the likelihood of subsequent adhesive replenishment and thus achieving the technical effect of saving adhesive 3 usage. Secondly, the sealing component 5 can effectively shape the uncured adhesive 3, resulting in a neater surface after curing. Furthermore, the glue sprayer only needs to inject adhesive into the first through hole 211, without requiring large-scale movement relative to the laminate 1 and frame 2. This results in lower energy consumption for the glue sprayer. Moreover, the nozzle of the glue sprayer can be located on the side of the frame 2 away from the laminate 1, allowing for a larger range of motion and easier control of the nozzle movement. Additionally, the nozzle of the glue sprayer is less likely to interfere with the movement of the laminate 1, reducing the likelihood of collision between the laminate 1 and the nozzle of the glue sprayer.

[0081] Among them, the sealing component 5 can be a plate-shaped component, a strip-shaped component, or other structural component that can seal the space 4.

[0082] Furthermore, the sealing component 5 can be removed after the adhesive 3 has cured. The surface material of the sealing component 5 is required to be a non-adhesive material, such as having an anti-stick coating, so that the cured adhesive 3 is not damaged after the sealing component 5 is separated from it.

[0083] In other embodiments, regardless of whether border 2 has side A or not, such as Figures 14-15 As shown, the bottom structural edge 22 of the frame 2 can have a second through hole 223. Accordingly, step S54 can be changed to: injecting adhesive 3 into the spacer space 4 through the second through hole 223. The technical effect of this embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment in which adhesive is injected into the first through hole 211, and will not be described again here.

[0084] This application also provides a photovoltaic module manufactured using the method described above. Please refer to... Figure 5 As shown, the photovoltaic module 10 includes a laminate 1 and a frame 2. Please refer to... Figure 16 As shown, the laminate 1 includes a top surface 11, a bottom surface 12, and a side surface 13. The top surface 11 includes a first light incident portion 111 (the portion directly irradiated by sunlight) and a pressed portion 112. The bottom surface 12 includes a second light incident portion 121 (the portion irradiated by reflected sunlight) and an adhesive portion 122. The pressed portion 112 is located near the edge of the top surface 11, and the first light incident portion 111 is located on the side of the pressed portion 112 opposite to the edge of the top surface 11. The adhesive portion 122 is located near the edge of the bottom surface 12, and the second light incident portion 121 is located on the side of the adhesive portion 122 opposite to the edge of the bottom surface 12. The projection of the pressed portion 112 in the plumb direction (opposite to direction Y) of the laminate 1 is located within the adhesive portion 122. Please refer to... Figure 4 As shown, taking the first sub-frame 2a as an example, the frame 2 includes a side structural edge 21 and a bottom structural edge 22 connected to each other. The side structural edge 21 can abut against the side surface 13, and the bottom structural edge 22 can support and adhere to the adhered portion 122.

[0085] Since frame 2 is made from the same profile 02, among the first sub-frame 2a, second sub-frame 2b, third sub-frame 2c, and fourth sub-frame 2d included in frame 2, the first sub-frame 2a and the second sub-frame 2b are integrally formed, the second sub-frame 2b and the third sub-frame 2c are integrally formed, and the third sub-frame 2c and the fourth sub-frame 2d are integrally formed. With this configuration, frame 2 has high structural strength and can better protect, support, and fix the laminate 1.

[0086] In addition, the cross-sectional shape of border 2 can be as follows: Figure 4 The L-shaped frame shown has a simpler structure than existing frames, making it easier to manufacture and consequently reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the photovoltaic module 10. The smaller size of the frame 2 reduces the space occupied by the photovoltaic module 10, facilitating the storage or loading of a larger number of photovoltaic modules 10. The lighter weight of the frame 2 makes the photovoltaic module 10 easier to handle and assemble. Furthermore, it places fewer demands on the load limits of the components supporting the photovoltaic module 10, allowing for installation in a wider range of environments. The L-shaped frame 2 is located on the top surface 11 of the laminate 1. Foreign objects (such as dust and snow) do not pose a significant obstacle in the direction perpendicular to the Y direction (directions X and Z). Under the action of external force, foreign objects can easily detach from the top surface 11 of the laminate 1. Especially when the top surface 11 of the laminate 1 is tilted relative to the horizontal plane, or when it is blown by the wind, foreign objects are less likely to accumulate on the top surface 11 of the laminate 1. The first light incident part 111 of the top surface 11 is not easily blocked by foreign objects. The area of ​​the part of the first light incident part 111 that is irradiated by sunlight is large, thereby making the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 10 higher.

[0087] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of border 2 can also be as follows: Figure 15 The shape shown, although border 2 has a top structure edge 23 (also known as edge A), has a shorter dimension in the X direction due to the shorter dimension of edge A. Figure 15 The volume of the frame 2 shown is also relatively small and its weight is relatively light.

[0088] In addition, the pressing part 112 is used for being... Figure 17 The mounting component 20 shown is pressed directly, and the bottom structural edge 22 is used as... Figure 17 The mounting component 20 shown is directly supported.

[0089] Regarding the structure of laminate 1, laminate 1 includes a first photovoltaic glass, a first encapsulating film, a battery string (including battery cells), a second encapsulating film, and a second photovoltaic glass, all stacked together.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 16 As shown, the pressed part 112 is adjacent to the edge of the top surface 11, and the frame 2 adapted to the laminate 1 is the frame shown in Figure 14.

[0091] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 18 As shown, the top surface 11 also includes a limiting portion 113, which is adjacent to the edge of the top surface 11 and is located between the pressed portion 112 and the edge of the top surface 11. The pressed portion 112 is located between the limiting portion 113 and the first light incident portion 111. Please refer to... Figure 19 As shown, the border 2 includes a top structural edge 23. The top structural edge 23 extends from the top of the side structural edge 21 to... Figure 18 The limited portion 113 is shown, and the top structural edge 23 is limited and abutted against the limited portion 113 to restrict the laminate 1 from disengaging from the frame 2 in the direction Y.

[0092] Please refer to Figure 19 As shown, the top structural edge 23 has a slope 231 facing away from the laminate 1. The slope 231 includes a first edge 231a and a second edge 231b. The projection of the first edge 231a in the plumb direction (opposite to the direction Y) of the frame 2 is located on the side structural edge 21. The height of the first edge 231a is higher than the height of the second edge 231b. The projection of the second edge 231b in the plumb direction (opposite to the direction Y) of the frame 2 is located on the limited portion 113. This configuration reduces the obstruction of foreign objects (such as dust and snow) on the top surface 11 of the laminate 1 in the X direction by the inclined surface 231 of the top structure edge 23. Under the action of external force, foreign objects can easily detach from the top surface 11 of the laminate 1. Especially when the top surface 11 of the laminate 1 is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, or when it is blown by the wind, foreign objects are less likely to accumulate on the top surface 11 of the laminate 1. The first light incident part 111 of the top surface 11 is less likely to be blocked by foreign objects, thereby making the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 10 higher.

[0093] Alternatively, please refer to Figures 20-21 As shown, the bottom structural edge 22 of the first sub-border 2a has a first connecting edge 224, and the bottom structural edge 22 of the second sub-border 2b has a second connecting edge 225. The first connecting edge 224 and the second connecting edge 225 are connected.

[0094] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 20As shown, the first connecting edge 224 includes a first arcuate portion 224a, and the second connecting edge 225 includes a second arcuate portion 225a. The first arcuate portion 224a and the second arcuate portion 225a are connected. With this configuration, compared to the straight-line contact structure in the prior art, the arcuate contact structure between the first connecting edge 224 and the second connecting edge 225 has a larger length dimension, meaning there are more connection points between the first connecting edge 224 and the second connecting edge 225. Consequently, the connection strength between the first connecting edge 224 and the second connecting edge 225 is greater, and the structural strength of the frame 2 is also greater.

[0095] Of course, the third sub-border 2c and the fourth sub-border 2d can also have corresponding curved portions, so that the second sub-border 2b and the third sub-border 2c are connected by a curved contact structure, the third sub-border 2c and the fourth sub-border 2d are connected by a curved contact structure, and the fourth sub-border 2d and the first sub-border 2a are connected by a curved contact structure. With this configuration, the structural strength of border 2 is greater.

[0096] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 21 As shown, the first connecting edge 224 includes a first zigzag portion 224b, and the second connecting edge 225 includes a second zigzag portion 225b. The first zigzag portion 224b and the second zigzag portion 225b are connected. With this configuration, compared to the straight-line contact structure in the prior art, the length of the zigzag contact structure between the first connecting edge 224 and the second connecting edge 225 is larger, meaning there are more connection points between the first connecting edge 224 and the second connecting edge 225. Correspondingly, the connection strength between the first connecting edge 224 and the second connecting edge 225 is greater, and the structural strength of the frame 2 is also greater.

[0097] Of course, the third sub-border 2c and the fourth sub-border 2d can also have corresponding zigzag sections, so that the second sub-border 2b and the third sub-border 2c are connected by a zigzag contact structure, the third sub-border 2c and the fourth sub-border 2d are connected by a zigzag contact structure, and the fourth sub-border 2d and the first sub-border 2a are connected by a zigzag contact structure. With this configuration, the structural strength of border 2 is greater.

[0098] In other embodiments, any pair of connected sub-borders within border 2 can be connected by an arc contact structure and a zigzag contact structure.

[0099] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 22 and Figure 23As shown, the bottom structural edge 22 includes a first segment 221 and a second segment 222. The first segment 221 is connected to the side structural edge 21, and the end of the first segment 221 facing away from the side structural edge 21 is connected to the second segment 222. The second segment 222 is bent in the opposite direction Y relative to the first segment 221. Alternatively, the second segment 222 is bent away from the laminate 1 relative to the first segment 221. With this configuration, more adhesive 3 can be placed between the second segment 222 and the laminate 1. More adhesive 3 provides good cushioning, and the adhesive 3 can deform along the inclined surface of the second segment 222 in the X direction. This deformation releases stress, reducing the contact stress between the second segment 222 and the laminate 1, thereby reducing the likelihood of the laminate 1 being damaged by compression from the second segment 222.

[0100] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 22 and Figure 23 As shown, the first segment 221 has a supported surface 2212 and a supporting surface 2211 for supporting the bonded portion 122 of the bottom surface 12 of the laminate 1. The supporting surface 2211 has a third edge 2211a connected to the side structural edge 21 and a fourth edge 2211b away from the side structural edge 21. The height of the fourth edge 2211b is lower than the height of the third edge 2211a, so that there is an acute angle α between the supporting surface 2211 and the supported surface 2212. The acute angle α satisfies 0.1°~5°. Specifically, the acute angle α can be 0.1°, 0.5°, 1°, 1.5°, 2°, 2.5°, 3°, 3.5°, 4°, 4.5° or 5°. In this configuration, the adhesive 3 can deform in the X direction along the inclined support surface 2211. The deformation can release stress, which can reduce the contact stress between the support surface 2211 and the laminate 1, thereby reducing the possibility of the support surface 2211 compressing and damaging the laminate 1.

[0101] Among them, the supported surface 2212 is used for being such Figure 17 The mounting component 20 shown is supported.

[0102] This application provides another photovoltaic component; please refer to... Figure 17 As shown, the photovoltaic component includes the photovoltaic module 10 and the mounting component 20 described above. Accordingly, the photovoltaic component also has the technical effects of the photovoltaic module 10 described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0103] The mounting assembly 20 includes an upper short frame assembly 201, a lower short frame assembly 202, and a pressure block 203. The upper short frame assembly 201 and the lower short frame assembly 202 are detachably connected. The pressure block 203 is used to connect to a fixed object (e.g., a bracket, purlin, or wall), and the upper short frame assembly 201 is pressed and fixed by the pressure block 203. The upper short frame assembly 201 includes a detachably connected upper short frame body 2011 and an upper shock absorber 2012, and the lower short frame assembly 202 includes a detachably connected lower short frame body 2021 and a lower shock absorber 2022. The upper short frame body 2011 and the lower short frame body 2021 are snapped together. The upper short frame body 2011 is pressed by the pressure block 203, the upper shock absorber 2012 presses against the pressed portion 112 of the top surface 11 of the laminate 1, and the lower shock absorber 2022 supports the supported surface 2212 of the bottom structural edge 22 of the frame 2. Both the upper shock absorber 2012 and the lower shock absorber 2022 are made of flexible materials and serve to reduce vibration. The lower short frame body 2021 has a mounting groove 2021a, which is used to place fasteners so that the mounting groove 2021a can be detachably connected to a fixed object (such as a bracket, purlin, or wall) through fasteners.

[0104] Please refer to Figure 24 As shown, from a top-down view, the length of the mounting component 20 is smaller than that of the photovoltaic module 10. In this configuration, the mounting component 20 has less obstruction effect on foreign objects (such as dust and snow) located on the top surface 11 of the photovoltaic module 10 in the X and Y directions. Under the action of external force, foreign objects can easily detach from the top surface 11 of the photovoltaic module 10. The area of ​​the top surface 11 of the photovoltaic module 10 that can be irradiated by sunlight is larger, thereby making the photovoltaic module 10 have higher power generation efficiency.

[0105] In addition, the position of any mounting component 20 relative to the photovoltaic module 10 in the X or Y direction can be adjusted to improve the stress situation between the photovoltaic module 10 and the mounting component 20.

[0106] Furthermore, the number of installation components 20 required can be at least four, and at least two installation components 20 can be installed on the same side of the photovoltaic module 10.

[0107] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a laminate and a frame. The frame includes four sub-frames, each of which has a connected side structural edge and a bottom structural edge. The side structural edge abuts against the side surface of the laminate, and the bottom structural edge is bonded to the bottom surface of the laminate. In two connected sub-borders, one end of the bottom structural edge of one of the sub-borders has a first connecting edge, and one end of the bottom structural edge of the other sub-border has a second connecting edge, wherein the first connecting edge and the second connecting edge are connected. The first connecting edge includes a first arc portion, the second connecting edge includes a second arc portion, the first arc portion and the second arc portion are connected, and / or, the first connecting edge includes a first zigzag portion, the second connecting edge includes a second zigzag portion, the first zigzag portion and the second zigzag portion are connected.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the first arc portion of the first connecting edge is connected to the second arc portion of the second connecting edge, the first arc portion is convex outward and the second arc portion is concave inward, with the first arc portion and the second arc portion engaging in a concave-convex fit.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the first folded portion of the first connecting edge connects with the second folded portion of the second connecting edge, both the first folded portion and the second folded portion are serrated, and the first folded portion and the second folded portion are interlocked.

4. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The top surface of the laminate includes a first light incident portion and a pressed portion, and the bottom surface of the laminate includes a second light incident portion and a bonded portion. The pressed portion is located near the edge of the top surface of the laminate, and the first light incident portion is located on the side of the pressed portion away from the edge of the top surface of the laminate. The bonded portion is located near the edge of the bottom surface of the laminate, and the second light incident portion is located on the side of the bonded portion away from the edge of the bottom surface of the laminate. The projection of the pressed portion in the plumb direction of the laminate is located within the bonded portion; The bottom structure is supported and bonded to the bonded portion; The pressed part is used to be directly pressed by the mounting component, and the bottom structure edge is used to be directly supported by the mounting component.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressed portion is adjacent to the edge of the top surface of the laminate.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top surface of the laminate also includes a limiting portion, which is adjacent to the edge of the top surface of the laminate and is located between the pressed portion and the edge of the top surface of the laminate. The frame includes a top structural edge that extends from the top of the side structural edge to the limited portion, and the top structural edge abuts against the limited portion.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top structure edge has a slope facing away from the laminate. The slope includes a first edge and a second edge. The projection of the first edge in the vertical direction of the frame is located on the side structure edge. The height of the first edge is higher than the height of the second edge. The projection of the second edge in the vertical direction of the frame is located within the restricted portion.

8. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The bottom structure edge includes a first segment and a second segment. The first segment is connected to the side structure edge. The end of the first segment facing away from the side structure edge is connected to the second segment. The second segment is bent away from the first segment towards the side away from the laminate.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first segment has a supported surface and a supporting surface for supporting the bottom surface of the laminate. The supporting surface has a third edge connected to the side structure edge and a fourth edge away from the side structure edge. The height of the fourth edge is lower than the height of the third edge, so that there is an acute angle α between the supporting surface and the supported surface, and the acute angle α satisfies 0.1°~5°.

10. A photovoltaic component, characterized in that, The photovoltaic component includes a detachably connected photovoltaic module and an installation component, wherein the photovoltaic module is the photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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