Intelligent equipment for extra-high voltage internal inspection operation and design method

Abstract

The invention discloses intelligent equipment for extra-high voltage internal inspection operation and a design method, and belongs to the technical field of internal inspection operation of main equipment of an extra-high voltage power grid. The middle layer is used for supporting the structure and mechanically fixing the intelligent module; the lining layer is used for achieving comfortable wearing, local heat dissipation and shockproof buffering. The outer protective layer, the middle layer and the lining layer are sequentially stacked and compounded into a whole, so that an integral compound system is formed. According to the method, the engineering thermal balance and layered thermal resistance design method is taken as the core, the problems of insufficient thermal coupling analysis and design experience in the prior art are solved by combining the quantitative design of the lining pore channel, and the reliability and comfort of intelligent equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of internal inspection operation of main equipment in ultra-high voltage power grids. Specifically, it relates to an intelligent equipment and design method for internal inspection operation of ultra-high voltage power grids. Background Technology

[0002] In the confined and high-temperature environment of UHV substation internal inspection operations, as intelligent modules such as cameras and communication modules are gradually integrated into intelligent equipment, the existing intelligent equipment design mainly focuses on mechanical protection, wearing stability and lightweighting. However, there is insufficient systematic analysis of the heat flow of the human head and the multi-layer heat transfer coupling of the helmet body. The passive heat insulation structure results in excessive thermal resistance, and uneven local ventilation is prone to generating hot spots. The values ​​of the thickness of each functional layer and the duct parameters lack clear engineering basis and lack quantitative design criteria that can be applied in engineering. It is impossible to simultaneously take into account protection, comfort and heat dissipation.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent equipment and design method for internal inspection operations that balances lightweight design and heat dissipation, thereby improving the flexibility and comfort of operators. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection includes: An outer protective layer, which serves for mechanical protection and external barrier; The intermediate layer serves to provide structural support and mechanical fixation for the intelligent modules. The inner lining layer serves to provide wearing comfort, localized heat dissipation, and shock absorption. The outer protective layer, the middle layer, and the inner lining layer are stacked and combined into a whole to form an integrated composite system.

[0005] Furthermore, the outer protective layer is a 5mm thermoplastic elastomer, the middle layer is a 5mm high-strength resin-based composite material, and the inner liner is a 15mm lightweight EVA material.

[0006] Furthermore, the inner lining layer is provided with multiple heat dissipation channels to reduce the thermal resistance of the channels and increase the convective heat transfer area, and the heat dissipation channels are arranged as vertically as possible.

[0007] Furthermore, the heat dissipation channels are arranged in a regular hexagonal honeycomb pattern to achieve the maximum opening ratio within a unit projected area, ensure uniform ventilation, and avoid local hot spots.

[0008] A design method for intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection operations, comprising the design method for intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection operations as described in any of the above claims, wherein the calculation method for the outer protective layer is as follows: Based on the protective function, the thickness of the outer protective layer is calculated, and the formula for energy absorption by the outer material is as follows: ; In the formula: U—absorbed energy, unit: J; σ—Flow stress Pa, representing the average stress of the material during deformation; —Nominal strain is dimensionless and represents the relative deformation of the material; V—Deformation volume, unit: m³; ; In the formula: A—area of ​​force application, unit: m²; L – Material thickness, unit: m.

[0009] Furthermore, the thickness of the intermediate layer of the equipment is calculated from a support perspective. The intermediate layer needs to provide an installation platform and main rigid support for the core electronic components to prevent them from shaking or breaking during operation. Formula for calculating bending stiffness: ; In the formula: D — Bending stiffness, in N m; E —Material elastic modulus, in units of phosphorus (P); L —Material thickness, in meters (m); —Poisson's ratio of the material.

[0010] Furthermore, from a heat dissipation perspective, the thickness of the equipment's inner lining is calculated. When calculating the thermal resistance of the inner lining, the combined effect of the heat dissipation holes and the active heat dissipation airflow channels needs to be considered. Reasonably increasing the number, diameter, and arrangement of the holes can reduce the thermal resistance of the duct section. R hole ; Total opening area A hole ： ; Total convective heat transfer area A surface : ; The intelligent equipment adopts a fully enclosed structure with an equivalent surface area of A cap Calculate porosity : ; Partial thermal resistance of porous materials R mat calculate: ; Thermal resistance of the channel section R hole Calculate the convective heat transfer coefficient, taking into account the effect of forced convection heat transfer. h Take 90: ; Liner thermal resistance R liner calculate: ; Total thermal resistance R total calculate: ; In the above formula: R liner ---Inner lining thermal resistance, unit: m 2 K / W; L liner ---Inner lining thickness; kEVA --- Thermal conductivity, take EVA Typical material value, 0.05 W / (m K); h --- Convection heat transfer coefficient, unit: W / (m³) 2 ·K); ---Porosity; A cap ---Surface area of ​​intelligent equipment, unit: m² 2 R mat ---Partial thermal resistance of porous materials, unit: m 2 K / W; R hole --- Thermal resistance of the channel section, unit: m 2 K / W; R total ---Total thermal resistance of intelligent equipment, unit: m 2 K / W; The calculated head temperature is: .

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention takes an engineered thermal balance and layered thermal resistance design method as its core, and combines it with the quantitative design of the inner lining channels to solve the problems of insufficient thermal coupling analysis and reliance on design experience in the prior art, thereby improving the reliability and comfort of intelligent equipment.

[0012] This invention treats intelligent equipment as a multi-layered composite structure, establishes a thermal balance and thermal resistance model for the head-cap-module, clarifies the lower limit and value principle of the thickness of each functional layer under the constraints of mechanical protection and lightweighting, and incorporates parameters such as the layout of the inner lining channels, pore size and porosity into the heat dissipation evaluation system. This method can provide a quantitative basis for material selection, channel design and thickness configuration, and solves the problems of insufficient thermal coupling analysis and lack of quantitative design criteria in the existing technology.

[0013] The thickness design method for intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection provided by this invention exhibits significant technical advantages in the following aspects: From experience-driven to engineering-based quantitative design The wearer's head, hat body, and smart module are modeled as a coupled multi-layer composite thermal system. A design concept of layered thermal resistance and thermal balance is proposed, which can replace the previous method of thickness and material selection based solely on experience with quantitative calculations. Clarify the basis for thickness and material decisions By incorporating the functional positioning and thickness selection of the outer layer, middle layer, and inner lining into the decision-making process; Quantitative design of lining channels The quantitative design and directional arrangement of the lining channels make the airflow inside the cap more uniform and the convection area larger, which can effectively reduce local hot spots, reduce local temperature differences, and improve the wearer's comfort. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection operations according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the human head temperature monitoring screen of an intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection operations according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0018] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0019] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] refer to Figures 1 to 2 Due to the special nature of transformer internal inspection operations, the thickness design of the three-layer structure of intelligent equipment must ensure one premise: lightweight. Because the internal space of a transformer is narrow, when internal inspection personnel wear intelligent equipment, it must be ensured that it does not affect the flexibility and comfort of operation. Therefore, intelligent equipment needs to adopt a lightweight structure, fit closely to the human head, and take into account the mechanical support of internal electronic components and the subsequent heat dissipation requirements.

[0022] This invention provides an intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection operations, comprising: The outer protective layer serves for mechanical protection and external barrier purposes. The intermediate layer serves to provide structural support and mechanical fixation for the intelligent modules. The inner lining layer serves to provide wearing comfort, localized heat dissipation, and shock absorption. The outer protective layer, the middle layer, and the inner lining layer are stacked and combined into a whole, thus forming an integrated composite system.

[0023] This invention views the intelligent equipment as a three-layer composite system consisting of an outer layer, a middle layer, and an inner lining. It proposes a design concept that transfers the heat generated by the head through this composite system and releases it into the equipment through convection. The design phase requires a clear thermal balance target, which is used as a constraint on all design decisions. The outer layer, as the first protective layer, should provide mechanical protection and external barrier functions, and its calculated thickness should be no less than 5mm. The middle layer provides structural support and mechanical fixation for the intelligent modules, and its calculated thickness should be no less than 5mm. The inner lining mainly provides wearing comfort, local heat dissipation, and shock absorption, and its calculated thickness should be no less than 15mm.

[0024] Preferably, the outer protective layer is a 5mm thermoplastic elastomer, the middle layer is a 5mm high-strength resin-based composite material, and the inner liner is a 15mm lightweight EVA material.

[0025] In this embodiment, the inner lining layer is provided with multiple heat dissipation channels to reduce the thermal resistance of the channels and increase the convective heat transfer area. The heat dissipation channels are arranged as vertically as possible.

[0026] In practice, the perforated heat dissipation design of the inner lining layer serves as the primary passive heat dissipation method. A large number of penetrating channels are set to reduce the thermal resistance of the channels and increase the convective heat transfer area. A regular hexagonal honeycomb arrangement is adopted to achieve the maximum open area ratio within the unit projected area and ensure uniform ventilation, avoiding local hot spots. By setting a certain number of heat dissipation holes, the synergistic gain between the total open area ratio and the inner wall area of ​​the holes is achieved, thereby improving the gas convection inside the cap under natural ventilation conditions and enhancing the natural convection efficiency.

[0027] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation channels are arranged in a regular hexagonal honeycomb pattern to achieve the maximum opening ratio within a unit projected area, ensure uniform ventilation, and avoid local hot spots.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] This embodiment provides a design method for intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage (UHV) internal inspection operations, which is the design method for intelligent equipment for UHV internal inspection operations in Embodiment 1. In practical implementation, the thickness design is based on functionality. During the design process, the thickness of the three-layer structure of the intelligent equipment is designed and optimized through formula calculations and theoretical analysis, focusing on three dimensions: protection, mechanical support, and heat dissipation. This design faces a core challenge: to control the weight as much as possible while ensuring sufficient structural rigidity to support the internal electronic equipment, and maintaining a certain thickness to achieve a reasonable arrangement of impact buffering and heat dissipation channels.

[0030] To address this contradiction, the proposed solution is a functional layered design concept. Each structural layer focuses on solving a key problem: the outer layer emphasizes flexibility and protection, the middle layer provides primary mechanical support, and the inner layer ensures wearing comfort and a stable fit. Through layered collaboration, the system comprehensively meets the needs for protection, comfort, and support within a limited weight, ensuring the practicality and reliability of intelligent equipment in complex working environments.

[0031] In this embodiment, the calculation method for the outer protective layer is as follows: Based on the protective function, the thickness of the outer protective layer is calculated, and the formula for energy absorption by the outer material is as follows: ; In the formula: U—absorbed energy, unit: J; σ—Flow stress Pa, representing the average stress of the material during deformation; —Nominal strain is dimensionless and represents the relative deformation of the material; V—Deformation volume, unit: m³; ; In the formula: A—area of ​​force application, unit: m²; L – Material thickness, unit: m.

[0032] In practice, if the thickness is 3mm, the deformation volume is too small, and the absorbed energy U3 is limited, which may not be able to completely dissipate the impact energy, causing some of the force to be transmitted to the interior.

[0033] In practical implementation, if the thickness is 5mm, the deformation volume and energy absorption capacity of U5 are increased by 67% compared to the 3mm solution, which provides sufficient buffer stroke and can more effectively protect the head and internal electronic equipment.

[0034] In practice, if the thickness is 7mm, the energy absorption capacity U7 continues to improve, but the marginal benefit of the improvement (+40%) is diminishing relative to the increased weight (+40%), and an excessively thick flexible layer will affect the overall structural stability.

[0035] Preferably, a 5mm thickness provides significantly better energy absorption capacity than thinner solutions, while avoiding the diminishing overall benefits and redundant weight of thicker solutions.

[0036] In this embodiment, the thickness of the intermediate layer of the equipment is calculated from the perspective of support: the intermediate layer needs to provide an installation platform and main rigid support for core electronic components (such as motherboards and batteries) to prevent them from shaking or breaking during operation, and the thickness should generally be 4 to 6 mm. Formula for calculating bending stiffness: ; In the formula: D — Bending stiffness, in N m; E —Material elastic modulus, in units of phosphorus (P); L —Material thickness, in meters (m); —Poisson's ratio of the material.

[0037] In practice, the thickness of the intermediate layer is increased from 4mm to 5mm, and the bending stiffness is compared as follows: ; ; Increasing the thickness from 4mm to 5mm increases the rigidity of the intermediate layer by nearly 95%; increasing the thickness from 5mm to 6mm increases the rigidity by 73%, with a significant decrease in rigidity gains.

[0038] Preferably, 5mm is an optimal balance between lightweight and providing absolute rigid support; 4mm may be too soft, while 6mm would add unnecessary weight.

[0039] In this embodiment, the thickness of the equipment lining is calculated from the perspective of heat dissipation. Due to the constraint of the total mass of the intelligent equipment, the thickness of the intelligent equipment lining should not exceed 20mm. When calculating the thermal resistance of the lining layer, the combined effect of the heat dissipation holes and the active heat dissipation channels must be considered. Appropriately increasing the number, diameter, and arrangement of the holes can reduce the thermal resistance of the pore section. R hole .

[0040] Total opening area A hole ： ; Total convective heat transfer area A surface : ; The intelligent equipment adopts a fully enclosed structure with an equivalent surface area of A cap Calculate porosity : ; Partial thermal resistance of porous materials R mat calculate: ; Thermal resistance of the channel section R holeCalculate the convective heat transfer coefficient, taking into account the effect of forced convection heat transfer. h Take 90: ; Liner thermal resistance R liner calculate: ; Total thermal resistance R total calculate: ; In the above formula: R liner ---Inner lining thermal resistance, unit: m 2 K / W; L liner ---Inner lining thickness; kEVA --- Thermal conductivity, take EVA Typical material value, 0.05 W / (m K); h --- Convection heat transfer coefficient, unit: W / (m2·K); ---Porosity; A cap ---Surface area of ​​intelligent equipment, unit: m² 2 R mat ---Partial thermal resistance of porous materials, unit: m 2 K / W; R hole --- Thermal resistance of the channel section, unit: m 2 K / W; R total ---Total thermal resistance of intelligent equipment, unit: m 2 K / W; The calculated head temperature is: .

[0041] In practical implementation, the heat dissipation calculation is based on a thickness of 15mm for the inner lining of the intelligent equipment. Considering the total area of ​​the inner lining, the number of holes is set to N=500 and the hole diameter is D=4mm.

[0042] Total opening area Ahole : ; Total convective heat transfer area Asurface : ; In practice, the hexagonal arrangement of holes is the most efficient way to lay them out. It can achieve the highest porosity in the same area, avoid local "hot spots", and ensure uniform ventilation. This arrangement can maximize the number of holes without reducing the hole spacing (ensuring structural strength). It utilizes the chimney effect to ensure that the heat dissipation channels are as vertical as possible (when people are standing or walking), and uses the natural upward flow of hot air to enhance convection.

[0043] In practical implementation, an external, detachable refrigeration device can be designed, using a waist-mounted air conditioning fan. Cooling gas is blown from the ventilation duct of the intelligent equipment to the head of the staff, forming forced convection and greatly increasing the convective heat transfer coefficient h.

[0044] The intelligent equipment adopts a fully enclosed structure with an equivalent surface area A. cap Recorded as 0.15 Calculate porosity :

[0045] The thermal resistance R of porous materials mat calculate:

[0046] Thermal resistance R of the channel section hole Calculations are performed, considering the effect of forced convection heat transfer, with the convection heat transfer coefficient h taken as 90:

[0047] Liner thermal resistance R liner calculate:

[0048]

[0049] Total thermal resistance R total calculate: In actual transformer internal inspection, dry air is first introduced, assuming a temperature of 25°C, with a head heat flux density of q = 65 W / m². The calculated head temperature is approximately:

[0050] Thermodynamic calculations have verified that the smart safety helmet designed in this scheme adopts a three-layer composite structure: the outer layer is a 5mm thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), the middle layer is a 5mm high-strength resin-based composite material, and the inner lining is a 15mm lightweight EVA material. The inner lining contains 500 hexagonal honeycomb-shaped heat dissipation holes, each 4mm in diameter, which, together with an external active cooling device, form a forced convection system.

[0051] Under operating conditions where the internal temperature of the transformer is 25℃, this safety helmet can ensure that the head temperature of the internal inspection personnel wearing intelligent equipment remains stable at around 32℃, which fully meets the safety and ergonomic requirements of internal maintenance operations in UHV converter stations.

[0052] The thickness design method for intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection provided by this invention exhibits significant technical advantages in the following aspects: From experience-driven to engineering-based quantitative design The wearer's head, hat body, and smart module are modeled as a coupled multi-layer composite thermal system. A design concept of layered thermal resistance and thermal balance is proposed, which can replace the previous method of thickness and material selection based solely on experience with quantitative calculations. Clarify the basis for thickness and material decisions By incorporating the functional positioning and thickness selection of the outer layer, middle layer, and inner lining into the decision-making process; Quantitative design of lining channels The quantitative design and directional arrangement of the lining channels make the airflow inside the cap more uniform and the convection area larger, which can effectively reduce local hot spots, reduce local temperature differences, and improve the wearer's comfort. The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection operations, characterized in that, include: An outer protective layer, which serves for mechanical protection and external barrier; The intermediate layer serves to provide structural support and mechanical fixation for the intelligent modules. The inner lining layer serves to provide wearing comfort, localized heat dissipation, and shock absorption. The outer protective layer, the intermediate layer, and the inner lining layer are stacked and combined into a whole to form an integrated composite system.

2. The intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer protective layer is a 5mm thermoplastic elastomer, the middle layer is a 5mm high-strength resin-based composite material, and the inner lining layer is a 15mm lightweight EVA material.

3. The intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner lining layer is provided with multiple heat dissipation channels to reduce the thermal resistance of the channels and increase the convective heat transfer area. The heat dissipation channels are arranged as vertically as possible.

4. The intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection operations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat dissipation channels are arranged in a regular hexagonal honeycomb pattern to achieve the maximum opening ratio within a unit projected area, ensure uniform ventilation, and avoid local hot spots.

5. A design method for intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection operations, characterized in that, The design method for an intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection operations according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the calculation method for the outer protective layer is as follows: Based on the protective function, the thickness of the outer protective layer is calculated, and the formula for energy absorption by the outer material is as follows: ； In the formula: U—absorbed energy, unit: J; σ—Flow stress Pa, representing the average stress of the material during deformation; —Nominal strain is dimensionless and represents the relative deformation of the material; V—Deformation volume, unit: m³; ； In the formula: A—area of ​​force application, unit: m²; L – Material thickness, unit: m.

6. The design method of an intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection operations according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the intermediate layer of the equipment is calculated from the perspective of support. The intermediate layer needs to provide an installation platform and main rigid support for the core electronic components to prevent them from shaking or breaking during operation. Formula for calculating bending stiffness: ； In the formula: D — Bending stiffness, in N m; E —Material elastic modulus, in units of phosphorus (P); L —Material thickness, in meters (m); —Poisson's ratio of the material.

7. The design method of an intelligent equipment for ultra-high voltage internal inspection operations according to claim 5, characterized in that, From a heat dissipation perspective, the thickness of the equipment's inner lining is calculated. When calculating the thermal resistance of the inner lining, the combined effect of the heat dissipation holes and the active heat dissipation airflow channels needs to be considered. Appropriately increasing the number, diameter, and arrangement of the holes can reduce the thermal resistance of the vent sections. R hole ; Total opening area A hole ： ； Total convective heat transfer area A surface : ； The intelligent equipment adopts a fully enclosed structure with an equivalent surface area of A cap Calculate porosity : ； Partial thermal resistance of porous materials R mat calculate: ； Thermal resistance of the channel section R hole Calculate the convective heat transfer coefficient, taking into account the effect of forced convection heat transfer. h Take 90: ； Liner thermal resistance R liner calculate: ； Total thermal resistance R total calculate: ； In the above formula: R liner ---Inner lining thermal resistance, unit: m 2 K / W; L liner ---Inner lining thickness; kEVA --- Thermal conductivity, take EVA Typical material value, 0.05 W / (m K); h --- Convection heat transfer coefficient, unit: W / (m³) 2 ·K); ---Porosity; A cap ---Surface area of ​​intelligent equipment, unit: m² 2 R mat ---Partial thermal resistance of porous materials, unit: m 2 K / W; R hole --- Thermal resistance of the channel section, unit: m 2 K / W; R total ---Total thermal resistance of intelligent equipment, unit: m 2 K / W; The calculated head temperature is: 。

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