Chest drainage tube

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical accessories, in particular to a chest drainage tube which comprises a spine end and a drainage tube body, and a plurality of drainage holes are formed in the spine end; the spine end is internally provided with at least one telescopic puncture part, and the puncture part is used for puncturing a fiber layer at the effusion position of the lung, so that the effusion position forms a whole, and the effusion of the lung can be conveniently led out; an air bag section is arranged on the outer wall of the end, close to the spine end, of the drainage tube, and an air bag is arranged on the outer wall face of the air bag section. According to the drainage tube, the telescopic puncture part is arranged in the spine end, the flexible puncture knife is driven by air pressure to stretch out along an arc-shaped track, fiber separation of an effusion area can be accurately punctured, the drainage tube can be made straight after the air bag is inflated, and the drainage tube can be made straight after the air bag is inflated. Isolated effusion cavities are communicated to form an integral cavity gap, one-time thorough drainage is achieved, the position of the catheter is prevented from being repeatedly adjusted, and effusion discharging efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical accessories technology, specifically a chest drainage tube. Background Technology

[0002] Pleural effusion drainage is a procedure that involves puncturing or inserting a tube to drain abnormally accumulated fluid from the pleural cavity. It is mainly used to diagnose or treat symptoms such as dyspnea and infection caused by pleural effusion. Depending on the condition, either thoracentesis (short-term fluid aspiration) or closed pleural drainage (continuous drainage) can be chosen. It must be performed under imaging guidance and aseptic conditions to reduce the risk of complications.

[0003] Traditional chest drainage tubes primarily rely on physical puncture to establish a drainage channel. However, when dealing with complex loculated pleural effusions, the effusion is often separated into multiple isolated cavities by fibers, making it difficult for conventional drainage tubes to effectively penetrate all effusion areas. This results in incomplete drainage, requiring repeated adjustments to the catheter position or multiple punctures, which not only increases the difficulty and time of the procedure but also may cause severe pain, tissue damage, and an increased risk of infection for the patient. While some existing drainage tubes attempt to improve drainage through side-hole design or flexibility improvements, they still lack an effective mechanism for actively breaking down fibrous septa, thus failing to achieve efficient and safe overall drainage.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent drainage device that can precisely puncture fibrous septa and open up multi-chambered effusion cavities in one go, in order to improve drainage efficiency and reduce patient suffering. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A chest drainage tube includes a spiked end and a drainage tube, wherein the spiked end is provided with a plurality of drainage holes; The tip of the spike is provided with at least one retractable puncture part, which is used to puncture the fibrous layer at the site of pulmonary effusion, thereby forming the effusion site as a whole, so as to facilitate the drainage of pulmonary fluid. An air bladder section is provided on the outer wall of the end of the drainage tube near the spike end, and an air bladder is provided on the outer wall surface of the air bladder section; the air bladder can straighten the drainage tube after being inflated. The end of the thorn furthest from the drainage tube is equipped with a pointed tip for piercing the human skin and lung surface to establish a drainage channel.

[0006] Preferably, the tube wall of the piercing end has a channel for placing the piercing knife. The channel includes a guide hole, a gas cavity, and an injection hole, and the guide hole, the gas cavity, and the injection hole are interconnected. The injection hole is connected to the injection tube, the injection tube is connected to the second connector, and the second connector is connected to a gas generator capable of generating gas.

[0007] Preferably, the guide hole is an arc-shaped guide hole, and its arc angle gradually increases from the inside to the outside.

[0008] Preferably, the puncture part includes a retractable puncture knife, the puncture knife includes a piston disposed inside the air chamber, the piston is provided with a blade body, and the end of the blade body away from the piston is provided with a puncture end, the puncture end being a pointed tip.

[0009] Preferably, the blade is a flexible medical blade that can deform under the guidance of the guide hole.

[0010] Preferably, the airbag section also includes an independent inflation channel through which saline / air can be injected into the airbag to provide support for the drainage tube inside the patient's body.

[0011] This invention provides a chest drainage tube, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention features a retractable puncture section inside the tip of the puncture device. By using air pressure to drive a flexible puncture knife to extend along an arc-shaped trajectory, it can precisely puncture the fibrous septa of the fluid accumulation area, connecting isolated fluid accumulation cavities into a unified cavity, achieving thorough drainage in one go, avoiding repeated adjustments to the catheter position, and significantly improving the efficiency of fluid drainage.

[0012] The puncture knife is made of flexible medical material and extends and retracts along a pre-set arc-shaped guide hole under air pressure control. Its movement trajectory is controllable and limited to the target fibrous layer, avoiding accidental damage to surrounding healthy tissue. After puncture, the knife automatically retracts into the tube wall, reducing the risk of wear or infection caused by prolonged retention.

[0013] The drainage tube is equipped with a balloon section at the front end. When inflated, the tube can remain straight in the chest cavity, which not only provides a stable base for the puncture knife to exert force, but also reduces tube displacement, ensures that the drainage hole is always in the optimal drainage position, and improves patient comfort.

[0014] By integrating the puncture function into the drainage tube and controlling it uniformly through an external air source, doctors can complete puncture and drainage in one step under image guidance, reducing instrument changes and operation steps, and lowering workload and operation time.

[0015] It is especially suitable for complex cases such as multilocular occluded effusion and empyema, and can effectively solve the problem that traditional drainage tubes cannot penetrate the fibrous septum, thus broadening the indications for thoracic drainage technology. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a chest drainage tube according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a chest drainage tube according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the block structure in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the usage of a chest drainage tube according to the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 10-spiky end, 11-tip, 12-piercing knife, 121-puncture end, 122-knife body, 13-drainage hole, 14-guide hole, 15-air cavity, 16-injection hole, 20-airbag section, 30-fixation plate, 40-drainage tube, 50-diverter, 60-injection tube, 70-first connector, 80-second connector. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Please see Figure 1-4 In this invention, a technical solution is provided: A chest drainage tube includes a spike end 10 and a drainage tube 40, wherein the spike end 10 is provided with a plurality of drainage holes 13; The tip 10 is provided with at least one retractable puncture part inside, which is used to puncture the fibrous layer at the pulmonary effusion site, thereby forming the effusion site as a whole, making it easy to drain the pulmonary fluid without having to move the puncture tip 10 of the drainage tube back and forth, thus reducing the patient's pain. An air bladder section 20 is provided on the outer wall of the end of the drainage tube 40 near the spike end 10, and an air bladder is provided on the outer wall surface of the air bladder section 20; the air bladder can straighten the drainage tube 40 after being inflated. The end of the thorn 10 away from the drainage tube 40 is provided with a tip 11, which is used to puncture the human epidermis and lung surface to establish a drainage channel.

[0020] The tube wall of the puncture tip 10 has a channel for placing the puncture knife 12. The channel includes a guide hole 14, an air chamber 15, and an injection hole 16, which are interconnected. The injection hole 16 is connected to the injection tube 60, which is connected to the second connector 80. The second connector 80 is connected to a gas generator (such as a medical air pump) that can generate gas. When the gas generator generates gas, the air chamber 15 generates pressure, pushing the puncture part out. The front end of the puncture part undergoes an arc-shaped deformation under the action of the guide hole 14, which can puncture the fiber layer and connect adjacent fluid accumulation areas, thereby reducing the workload and improving the efficiency of fluid drainage.

[0021] The guide hole 14 is an arc-shaped guide hole, and its arc angle gradually increases from the inside to the outside. In this way, when the front end of the puncture part is guided by the guide hole 14, it can extend in an arc shape to achieve puncture.

[0022] The puncture section includes a retractable puncture knife 12. The puncture knife 12 includes a piston 123 disposed inside the air chamber 15. The piston 123 is provided with a blade body 122. The end of the blade body 122 away from the piston 123 is provided with a puncture end 121, which is a pointed end.

[0023] The blade body 122 is a flexible medical blade that can deform under the guidance of the guide hole 14.

[0024] The airbag section also includes an independent inflation channel through which saline / air can be injected into the airbag to provide support for the drainage tube inside the patient's body.

[0025] In the above process, a drainage channel is established through the tip 11 of the drainage tube. The tip 11 has sufficient sharpness to efficiently puncture through the human epidermis, subcutaneous tissue, and intercostal muscles, and finally carefully puncture the parietal pleura to enter the pleural cavity, thus creating an initial drainage pathway.

[0026] The doctor then continued to advance the drainage tube, bringing the pointed end 10 with the drainage hole 13 to the estimated area of ​​pleural effusion. At this point, the main body of the drainage tube (drainage tube 40) was still in a relatively soft state, making it easy to place it according to the human anatomy.

[0027] Once the tip 10 is initially in place, a suitable amount of sterile saline or air is injected into the cuff through an independent inflation channel. The cuff then inflates, generating a radial supporting force on the drainage tube 40 itself. This force overcomes the natural curvature of the drainage tube material, making its portion within the thoracic cavity straighter. This creates conditions for the next step of precisely activating the internal puncture mechanism, ensuring that the force transmission of the puncture knife 12 is more direct and the direction is more controllable, avoiding energy loss and directional deviation that may occur when applying force within a soft, curved tube.

[0028] After completing the above steps, the gas generator (such as a medical air pump) is activated. This generator is connected to the second connector 80 via a pipeline, and then connected to the air injection port 16 of the internal channel of the puncture tip 10 via the air injection tube 60. The entire pneumatic transmission channel includes: the air injection port 16, the air chamber 15 (a sealed chamber that serves as a pressure actuator), and the guide port 14 connected to it. In the initial state, there is no pressure in the system, the puncture site is in a retracted state, completely hidden inside the tube wall, and will not cause any damage to the surrounding tissues.

[0029] Once the doctor confirms through imaging examinations (such as ultrasound) that the tip 10 is close to the fibrous septum that needs to be ruptured, the gas generator can be activated. The gas generated by the generator (usually sterile air) enters and fills the air chamber 15 through the air injection tube 60 and the air injection port 16.

[0030] The increase in pressure within the air chamber 15 directly acts on the piston 123 of the piercing knife 12. Driven by the air pressure, the piston 123 moves forward along the channel.

[0031] The piston 123 drives the connected blade 122 forward. The blade 122 is made of a flexible medical material (such as a polymer with shape memory properties), giving it good elasticity rather than rigidity. Its unique design comes into play when the tip of the blade 122 enters the guide hole 14. The guide hole 14 is designed as an arc-shaped channel with its arc angle gradually increasing from the inside to the outside. This gradually changing arc structure acts like a "mold" or "track," forcing the flexible blade 122 to undergo a controlled, smooth arc-shaped bending deformation as it advances, conforming to the shape of the channel.

[0032] Finally, the piercing end 121 (a sharp tip) at the front end of the blade 122 extends from the side wall of the spike end 10 in a pre-defined arc trajectory, rather than extending directly from the top. This arc-shaped piercing path allows the piercing end 121 to precisely pierce and cut through the tough fibrous membrane or septum covering the fluid accumulation area with a "sickle" or "hook"-like motion.

[0033] Once the fibrous layer is successfully punctured, the doctor can stop the air supply. The pressure within the air chamber 15 is released via the control system, and the air pressure disappears. At this point, the flexible material of the puncture knife 12 has a natural tendency to rebound, and combined with the possible presence of a small return spring or external pressure from the tissue, it drives the piston 123 to retract, causing the entire blade body 122 to retract along the track of the guide hole 14, eventually completely retracting into the wall of the tip 10, returning to its initial concealed state. This process ensures that the sharp part is only briefly exposed when needed, greatly improving safety.

[0034] Through the controlled puncture procedure described above, the previously isolated fluid effusion "cells" separated by fibrous tissue are connected, forming a larger, continuous fluid effusion area. The pleural effusion (pus, exudate, etc.) can then flow smoothly through the punctured fibrous membrane opening under negative pressure or gravity into the multiple drainage holes 13 at the tip 10, entering the drainage tube 40 and ultimately being drained out of the body. Because the fibrous septa have been broken, the doctor no longer needs to repeatedly move and adjust the position of the drainage tube to find and break through the next septum, achieving the effect of "one-time tube placement, overall drainage," significantly improving the efficiency of fluid drainage.

[0035] In summary, this chest drainage tube with integrated retractable puncture function ingeniously solves the key technical challenges in draining complex, encapsulated pleural effusions. It not only reduces the workload for doctors and avoids tissue damage that may result from blind probing, but more importantly, it significantly reduces patient pain and discomfort by minimizing repeated manipulation of the drainage tube. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chest drainage tube, characterized in that: It includes a spike end (10) and a drainage tube (40), and the spike end (10) is provided with a plurality of drainage holes (13). The tip (10) is provided with at least one retractable puncture part inside, which is used to puncture the fibrous layer at the pulmonary effusion site, thereby forming the effusion site as a whole, so as to facilitate the drainage of pulmonary effusion. An air bladder section (20) is provided on the outer wall of one end of the drainage tube (40) near the spike end (10), and an air bladder is provided on the outer wall surface of the air bladder section (20); the air bladder can straighten the drainage tube (40) after being inflated. The end of the thorn (10) away from the drainage tube (40) is provided with a tip (11) for piercing the human epidermis and lung surface to establish a drainage channel.

2. A chest drainage tube as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tube wall of the spike end (10) has a channel for placing the piercing knife (12). The channel includes a guide hole (14), a gas chamber (15), and an injection hole (16). The guide hole (14), the gas chamber (15), and the injection hole (16) are interconnected. The injection hole (16) is connected to the injection tube (60), the injection tube (60) is connected to the second connector (80), and the second connector (80) is connected to a gas generator capable of generating gas.

3. A chest drainage tube as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide hole (14) is an arc-shaped guide hole, and its arc angle gradually increases from the inside to the outside.

4. A chest drainage tube as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The puncture section includes a retractable puncture knife (12), the puncture knife (12) includes a piston (123) disposed inside the air chamber (15), the piston (123) is provided with a blade body (122), and the end of the blade body (122) away from the piston (123) is provided with a piercing end (121), the piercing end (121) being a pointed tip.

5. A chest drainage tube as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (122) is a flexible medical blade that can deform under the guidance of the guide hole (14).

6. A chest drainage tube as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The airbag section also includes an independent inflation channel through which saline / air can be injected into the airbag to provide support for the drainage tube inside the patient's body.

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