Finish machining tool and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of precision machining, and discloses a finish machining cutter and a manufacturing method thereof. The cutter head is arranged at the end part of the cutter handle; the blade is arranged on the periphery of the tool bit, the blade comprises an end edge part and a side edge part, the side edge part is arranged away from the axis of the tool bit, and the end edge part is arranged away from the tool handle; the end blade part comprises a sleeking blade part and a connecting part which are arranged along the radial direction of the tool bit, and is used for finishing the surface of a material; the plane where the sleeking blade part is located is perpendicular to the axis of the tool bit. End face and side face machining of various metal materials can be achieved, cutter point breakage can be effectively prevented, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, and a high-quality surface can be obtained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of precision machining, and more particularly to a finish machining tool and a manufacturing method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, non-ferrous metal materials (such as aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, copper, etc.) are widely used in the fields of electronics, automobiles, aerospace, etc. due to their advantages, and the application of these materials requires high-precision machined surfaces. For the existing planar machining of non-ferrous metal materials, a tool made of tungsten steel or high-speed steel is generally used, but the planar surface machined by using this kind of tool is prone to serious circle printing, tool line and vibration tool texture, and the planar surface has low smoothness, and the service life of the tool is also short. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides a finish machining tool and a manufacturing method thereof, which can improve the machining quality of the material surface.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0005] The present application provides a finish machining tool, comprising:

[0006] a tool shank;

[0007] a tool head arranged at the end of the tool shank;

[0008] a blade arranged at the outer periphery of the tool head, the blade comprising an end edge portion and a side edge portion, the side edge portion being arranged away from the axis of the tool head, and the end edge portion being arranged away from the tool shank;

[0009] the end edge portion comprises a finishing edge portion and a connecting portion arranged radially along the tool head, for finish machining of the material surface; the plane where the finishing edge portion is located is perpendicular to the axis of the tool head, or is arranged obliquely away from the tool shank.

[0010] Further, a plurality of chip removal grooves are arranged circumferentially along the outer periphery of the tool head, and each chip removal groove is provided with the blade.

[0011] Further, the rake angle of the end edge and the side edge of the blade is -15°≤α≤10°, the first relief angle is 0°≤β≤30°, and the second relief angle is 0°≤θ≤60°.

[0012] Further, the shear angle of the chip removal groove is -20°≤γ≤30°.

[0013] Further, the end edge portion further comprises an edge arc portion connecting the finishing edge portion and the side edge portion at two ends, and the arc surface of the edge arc portion is convex in a direction away from the center of the blade.

[0014] Further, the end surface of the blade arc part is tangent to the side surface corresponding to the side blade part, and the blade arc radius R of the blade arc part is 0.001mm≤R≤100mm.

[0015] The application further provides a manufacturing method of the finishing tool, and the specific steps of the method comprise the following steps.

[0016] Select a bar, process the bar to obtain a tool handle and a tool head base body, and the tool head base body is located at the end of the tool handle;

[0017] A plurality of chip removal grooves are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the tool head base body in the circumferential direction, and a shearing angle of the chip removal grooves is arranged;

[0018] Select a sheet and weld the sheet in the chip removal grooves, and the end and the side of the sheet respectively protrude from the end surface and the outer circumferential surface corresponding to the tool head base body;

[0019] Contour process the sheet to obtain an end base body and a side base body, the end base body comprises a blade unit and a connecting part, the plane where the blade unit is located is perpendicular to the axis of the tool head base body, and the connecting part has an inclination angle;

[0020] Respectively process the blade unit and the side base body to obtain a light polishing blade part and a side blade part, and obtain a rake angle, a first relief angle and a second relief angle corresponding to the tool blade;

[0021] Grind the first relief angle of the tool blade on the light polishing blade part and / or the side blade part into a blade belt to obtain the finishing tool.

[0022] Further, the end base body is further processed with a blade arc part base body, the arc surface of the blade arc part base body protrudes in a direction away from the center of the tool head base body, and the blade arc part base body is processed to obtain a blade arc part.

[0023] Further, the size of the end and the side of the sheet protruding from the end surface and the outer circumferential surface corresponding to the tool head base body is 0.1mm-0.5mm.

[0024] Further, the width of the blade belt is 0.001mm-0.2mm.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:

[0026] The finishing tool and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the application can realize end surface processing of various metal materials, the light polishing blade part is arranged to make the tool easier to process the surface of the material, effectively prevent the tool tip from being broken, improve the service life of the tool, and obtain a high-quality surface, and the structure is simple, convenient to process and realize. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the scheme in the present application, the drawings required to be used in the following embodiment description will be briefly introduced, obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor based on these drawings. Among them:

[0028] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the finishing tool of the present application.

[0029] Figure 2 The partial structure diagram of the finishing tool of the present application.

[0030] Figure 3 The parameter schematic diagram of the blade edge on the blade in the present application.

[0031] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the blade embodiment in the present application.

[0032] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of another blade embodiment in the present application.

[0033] Figure 6 The flow chart of the manufacturing method of the finishing tool of the present application.

[0034] Figure 7 The processing effect diagram of the conventional tool.

[0035] Figure 8 The processing effect diagram of the finishing tool of the present application.

[0036] Among them, 10-shank, 20-head, 21-chip flute, 30-blade, 31-end edge part, 32-side edge part, 311-polishing edge part, 312-connection part, 313-edge arc part, 40-transition part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description herein is for describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application, for example, the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like specify relative positions according to the orientations shown in the drawings and are used for convenience and are not necessarily limiting of the present application.

[0038] The terms "include", "comprise" and "have" and variations thereof in the specification and in the claims and the summary of the application shall not be construed as being limited to a whole or to parts thereof only, the terms "first", "second" and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily described with a specific sequential or chronological order. When an element is referred to as being "on" or "connected to" another element, it can be directly on or connected to the other element or intervening elements can be present therebetween. For example, when a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components can be present therebetween.

[0039] Furthermore, reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase "in an embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are they necessarily mutually exclusive of one another. It is expressly understood that any of the embodiments described herein can be incorporated into any other embodiment.

[0040] Reference is made to Figure 1 As shown in the drawings, the application provides a finishing tool, comprising:

[0041] a tool shank 10;

[0042] a tool head 20 arranged at the end of the tool shank 10;

[0043] a tool blade 30 arranged at the outer periphery of the tool head 20, the tool blade 30 comprising an end edge portion 31 and a side edge portion 32, the side edge portion 32 being arranged away from the axis of the tool head 20, and the end edge portion 32 being arranged away from the tool shank 10, so as to facilitate the tool blade 30 to finish the end surface of a material;

[0044] the end edge portion 31 comprises a finishing edge portion 311 arranged radially to the tool head 20 and a connecting portion 312, for finishing the surface of a material; the plane where the finishing edge portion 311 is arranged is perpendicular to the axis of the tool head 20.

[0045] Specifically, the connecting portion 312 is close to the surface of the tool head 20, and the two ends of the finishing edge portion 311 are connected to the connecting portion 312 and the side edge portion 32 respectively, the plane where the finishing edge portion 311 is arranged is perpendicular to the axis of the tool head 20, so as to facilitate the finishing of the material and ensure the finishing effect. In other embodiments, the plane where the finishing edge portion 311 is arranged can be arranged obliquely away from the tool shank 10, so as to meet different finishing requirements.

[0046] Further, the outer periphery of the tool head 20 is provided with a plurality of chip grooves 21 in the circumferential direction, and each of the chip grooves 21 is provided with the blade 30, which facilitates the installation of the blade 30 and the discharge of chips during the machining of the material by the blade 30, thereby ensuring the reliability of the tool.

[0047] Further, the inclination angle λ of the connecting portion 312 is 0°≤λ≤15°, and can be specifically 0°, 5°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 15° or any value in the range, which facilitates the machining and can meet the actual machining requirements.

[0048] Further, the rake angle α of the end edge and the side edge of the blade 30 (i.e. the end edge portion 31 and the side edge portion 32) is -15°≤α≤10°, the first relief angle β is 0°≤β≤30°, and the second relief angle θ is 0°≤θ≤60°, which facilitates the machining of the material surface, i.e. the end face and the side face.

[0049] Specifically, the end edge portion 32 and the side edge portion 32 each include a plurality of end edges and side edges, and the rake angle α can be -15°, -5°, 0°, 5°, 8°, 10° or any value in the range, Figure 3 The 0° reference plane is shown in the figure, and the rake angle α is located on the left side of the reference plane, i.e. -15° to 0°, or on the right side of the reference plane, i.e. 0° to 10°; the first relief angle β can be 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30° or any value in the range, and the second relief angle θ can be 0°, 5°, 10°, 20°, 30°, 45°, 60° or any value in the range, which can meet the actual machining requirements and ensure the machining accuracy.

[0050] Further, the shear angle γ of the chip groove 21 is -20°≤γ≤30°, and can be specifically -20°, -10°, 0°, 10°, 20°, 30° or any value in the range, which facilitates the setting of the sheet and the profile machining and edge type machining of the sheet, can meet the actual machining requirements, and ensures the machining accuracy.

[0051] Further, the diameter of the tool shank 10 is D, and the length of the finishing edge portion 311 is L, which satisfies 0

[0052] Further, the end edge portion 31 further includes an edge arc portion 313 connecting the finishing edge portion 311 and the side edge portion 32 at two ends, and the arc surface of the edge arc portion 313 protrudes in a direction away from the center of the blade 30.

[0053] Specifically, the blade arc radius R of the blade arc part 313 is 0.001mm≤R≤100mm, and can be 0.001mm, 1mm, 10mm, 30mm, 50mm, 70mm, 80mm, 100mm or any value in the range, which can meet different processing requirements and ensure processing accuracy.

[0054] Further, the end surface of the blade arc part 313 is tangent to the side surface corresponding to the side blade part 32, so that end surface processing is easier and processing quality can be ensured.

[0055] In this embodiment, the tool has the above structure, i.e., the light trimming blade part 311 is provided, and the above angle range and size range are met, so that the end surface of aluminum alloy, copper and other soft materials can be finished, and the material end surface ring mark can be completely eliminated or only have slight ring mark. In addition, the structure of the blade arc part 313 is increased, the blade arc part 313 can be tangent to the side surface corresponding to the side blade part 32, and the structure of the blade arc part 313 meets the above angle range and size range, so that the end surface and side surface of titanium alloy and other metal materials can be finished, the end surface and side surface ring mark can be completely eliminated or only have slight ring mark, the structure is simple and convenient for processing, and the tool life can be improved, and a high-quality surface can be obtained.

[0056] Referring to Figure 5 The application also provides a manufacturing method of the finishing tool, and specific steps of the method include the following:

[0057] Step S1: selecting a bar and processing to obtain a tool handle and a tool head base, and the tool head base is located at the end of the tool handle;

[0058] Specifically, one bar can be used to form the tool handle and the tool head base by one-time processing according to different outer diameters, or two bars can be used to form the tool handle and the tool head base respectively, and then the two bars are welded into an integrated structure, and the contour of the tool can be obtained.

[0059] Specifically, a transition part can be arranged between the tool handle and the tool head base to improve the rigidity of the overall structure of the tool.

[0060] In this step S1, the bar can be made of tungsten steel, die steel, high-speed steel and the like, which can meet the processing requirements and reduce the cost.

[0061] Step S2: a plurality of chip removal grooves 21 are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the tool head base in the circumferential direction, and a shearing angle of the chip removal groove 21 is arranged;

[0062] Step S3: a sheet is selected and welded in the chip removal groove 21, and the end and side of the sheet protrude from the end surface and the outer circumferential surface of the tool head base, respectively.

[0063] Specifically, the sheet and the base are welded by vacuum welding or high-frequency induction welding.

[0064] In this step S3, the end and side of the sheet protrude by 0.1mm to 0.5mm, and can be specifically 0.1mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm or any value within the range, so as to facilitate the processing of the side edge and the bottom edge on the end and side of the sheet.

[0065] Step S4: Contour processing is performed on the sheet to obtain an end base and a side base, the end base comprising an edge unit and a connecting portion, the plane of the edge unit being perpendicular to the axis of the tool bit base, and the connecting portion having an inclination angle.

[0066] Step S5: The edge type processing is performed on the edge unit and the side base respectively to obtain a finishing edge 311 and a side edge 32, and to obtain the rake angle, the first relief angle β and the second relief angle θ of the corresponding cutting edge, and the rake angle of the side edge 32.

[0067] In this step S5, the edge type processing, due to the existence of the shear angle of the chip groove 21, the shear angle determines the rake angle of the cutting edge, so the edge type processing only needs to process the relief angle. The first relief angle is 0.01mm to 0.1mm, and can be specifically 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.05mm, 0.08mm, 0.1mm or any value within the range, and the second relief angle is equal to the thickness of the sheet minus the first relief angle.

[0068] Step S6: The first relief angle of the cutting edge on the finishing edge 31 and / or the side edge 32 is ground into an edge band, i.e. the first relief angle β is 0, to obtain the finishing tool.

[0069] In this step S6, the edge band width is 0.001mm to 0.2mm, and can be specifically 0.001mm, 0.01mm, 0.05mm, 0.08mm, 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm or any value within the range, which can further improve the accuracy of tool processing. By setting the edge band, the tool can realize the function of extrusion grinding, meeting different processing requirements.

[0070] Further, in the step S5, the end base is also processed with an edge arc base, the arc surface of the edge arc base protrudes in the direction away from the center of the blade, and the edge arc base is processed by edge type processing to obtain an edge arc.

[0071] The above manufacturing method is further illustrated by examples as follows, specifically including:

[0072] 1) Select tungsten steel with a diameter of 6mm and perform external circle processing to obtain a tool shank, a transition portion and a tool bit base in sequence along the axial direction;

[0073] 2) Four chip removal grooves are provided circumferentially on the outer peripheral surface of the cutter head base, and the shearing angle of each chip removal groove is set to 1.5°;

[0074] 3) Select a sheet of PCD material and weld the sheet into the chip removal groove, with the exposed length of the sheet set to 0.3mm;

[0075] 4) Perform contour machining on the sheet to obtain the cutting edge unit, connecting part and side base of the sheet, wherein the plane of the cutting edge unit is perpendicular to the axis of the cutting edge base, and the inclination angle of the connecting part is 5°;

[0076] 5) Perform blade shaping to obtain a polished blade and a side blade. The first back angle of the polished blade and the side blade is 1° to 5°, the second back angle is 8° to 20°, and the width of the first back angle is 0.01mm to 0.1mm.

[0077] 6) Using a grinding process, the first clearance angle of the finishing edge and the side edge is ground into a cutting edge with a width of 0.05mm to obtain a double-edged end mill.

[0078] The above manufacturing method is further illustrated by another example, which specifically includes:

[0079] 1) Select high-speed steel with a diameter of 6mm and perform outer circle machining to obtain the tool holder, transition section and tool head base in sequence along the axial direction;

[0080] 2) Four chip removal grooves are provided circumferentially on the outer peripheral surface of the cutter head base, and the shearing angle of each chip removal groove is set to 2°;

[0081] 3) Select a sheet of PCD material and weld the sheet into the chip removal groove, with the exposed length of the sheet set to 0.4mm;

[0082] 4) Perform contour machining on the sheet to obtain the cutting edge unit, the cutting arc unit, the connecting part and the side base of the sheet. The plane where the cutting edge unit is located is perpendicular to the axis of the cutting head base, and the inclination angle of the connecting part is 10°.

[0083] 5) The blade shape is processed to obtain the polished blade, the curved blade and the side blade. The first back angle of the polished blade, the curved blade and the side blade is 1° to 5°, the second back angle is 8° to 20°, and the width of the first back angle is 0.01mm to 0.1mm.

[0084] 6) Using a grinding process, the first clearance angle of the finishing edge, the cutting arc, and the side edge is ground into a cutting edge band with a width of 0.05mm to obtain a double-edged end mill.

[0085] Figure 7 The image shown depicts the result of machining material with a conventional cutting tool, revealing obvious tool marks and vibration patterns on the material surface.Figure 8 The image shows the surface finish of the cutting tool manufactured according to the manufacturing method of the present invention. It can achieve precision machining of aluminum alloy workpieces. It can be seen that there are no ring marks, tool lines, or vibration marks on the workpiece surface. The end face roughness reaches Ra0.035 and the side roughness reaches Ra0.045, which meets the high precision requirements of the workpiece.

[0086] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A finishing tool, characterized in that: include: Handle; The cutting head is located at the end of the handle; A blade is disposed on the outer periphery of the blade head. The blade includes an end cutting portion and a side cutting portion. The side cutting portion is disposed away from the axis of the blade head, and the end cutting portion is disposed away from the handle. The end cutting edge includes a finishing cutting edge and a connecting part arranged radially along the cutter head, used for finishing the material surface; the plane where the finishing cutting edge is located is perpendicular to the axis of the cutter head or inclined away from the handle.

2. The finishing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter head has multiple chip removal grooves along its outer periphery, and each chip removal groove contains a blade.

3. The finishing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front angle α of the upper edge and side edge of the blade is -15°≤α≤10°, the first rear angle β is 0°≤β≤30°, and the second rear angle θ is 0°≤θ≤60°.

4. The finishing tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shear angle γ of the chip removal groove is -20°≤γ≤30°.

5. The finishing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end blade portion also includes a blade arc portion that connects the finishing blade portion and the side blade portion at both ends, and the arc surface of the blade arc portion protrudes in a direction away from the center of the blade.

6. The finishing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface of the blade arc is tangent to the side surface of the corresponding side blade, and the blade arc radius R of the blade arc is 0.001mm≤R≤100mm.

7. A method for manufacturing a finishing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of this method include the following: Select bar stock and process it to obtain the tool holder and the tool head base, with the tool head base located at the end of the tool holder; Multiple chip removal grooves are provided circumferentially on the outer peripheral surface of the cutter head base, and the shearing angle of the chip removal grooves is set. Select a sheet and weld it into the chip removal groove. The end and side of the sheet protrude from the corresponding end face and outer peripheral face of the cutter head base, respectively. The sheet material is contoured to obtain an end base and a side base. The end base includes a cutting edge unit and a connecting part. The plane where the cutting edge unit is located is perpendicular to the axis of the cutting head base, and the connecting part has an inclination angle. The blade unit and the side base are respectively machined to obtain the polished blade and the side blade, and the rake angle, the first clearance angle and the second clearance angle of the corresponding blade are obtained; The first clearance angle of the cutting edge on the finishing blade and / or side blade is ground into a cutting edge band to obtain the finishing tool.

8. The method for manufacturing a finishing tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end base is further processed with a blade arc base. The arc surface of the blade arc base protrudes along the direction away from the center of the blade, and the blade arc base is processed to obtain the blade arc.

9. The method for manufacturing a finishing tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dimensions of the end and side protrusions of the sheet material from the corresponding end face and outer peripheral face of the cutter head base are 0.1mm to 0.5mm.

10. The method for manufacturing a finishing tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blade width is 0.001mm to 0.2mm.

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