Spot welding tongs of an automobile parts spot welding robot and control method

Abstract

The application discloses a spot welding clamp of a spot welding robot for automobile parts and a control method, relates to the technical field of spot welding clamps, and comprises a spot welding arm provided with an electrode, further comprises: a water inlet groove formed in the spot welding arm, one end of the electrode is communicated with the water inlet groove, and a connecting pipe is arranged in the electrode; cavity one and cavity two are both formed in the spot welding arm; the application forms a bubble flow by injecting gas into the water inlet groove through the air inlet pipeline one, disturbs the liquid flow by using the bubble movement, and directly breaks the thermal boundary layer of the inner wall of the electrode. According to the heat transfer principle of gas-liquid two-phase flow, the bubble can greatly increase the effective heat transfer area of the cooling liquid, and the position of the water inlet groove is adjacent to the connecting position of the electrode and the spot welding arm, so that the temperature difference between the electrode and the spot welding arm can be effectively avoided to cause the loosening of the connection; in addition, the bubble flow forms a continuous scouring effect in the cooling cavity of the electrode, avoids the attachment of impurities such as metal scraps to the inner wall, solves the hidden problem that the heat exchange efficiency is attenuated due to the accumulation of impurities in the traditional cooling, and guarantees the long-term stable heat dissipation of the electrode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of spot welding pliers technology, specifically, it relates to a spot welding pliers and control method for a spot welding robot for automotive parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the automotive manufacturing industry, spot welding robots, with their advantages of high automation and stable welding precision, have become core welding equipment for key automotive parts such as body frames and chassis components. Their welding quality directly determines the structural strength and safety performance of the vehicle. During spot welding, the electrodes of the spot welding clamp need to be in close contact with the metal surface of the automotive part and apply pressure. At the same time, a large current discharge is used to achieve the fusion between metal atoms. This process generates extremely high heat instantly, causing the electrode temperature to rise sharply.

[0003] High electrode temperature is a key negative factor affecting spot welding quality: On the one hand, high temperature can cause the electrode tip to soften, deform, or even stick, damaging the contact state between the electrode and the part, resulting in uneven welding current distribution, which in turn leads to defects such as insufficient weld penetration, incomplete welding, and spatter. In severe cases, it can cause the weld strength of the part to fail to meet the standards. On the other hand, long-term high temperature environment will accelerate electrode wear, shorten its service life, increase equipment maintenance costs and production downtime, and affect the overall vehicle production efficiency.

[0004] However, traditional water-cooling systems have significant technical shortcomings in practical applications. After the coolant circulates and absorbs heat inside the electrode, it can only achieve cooling through the cooling module alone. In continuous spot welding operations on automotive parts, the coolant needs to continuously circulate and absorb heat, causing the cooling module to operate under high load for extended periods. This leads to decreased cooling efficiency, abnormally high energy consumption of the cooling module, and a high risk of triggering overheat protection shutdown of the spot welding equipment. More critically, the high-temperature coolant after absorbing heat needs to be transported to the cooling module through the outlet pipe. However, current spot welding robots are large, and the outlet pipe is quite long. During this process, the coolant between the electrode and the outlet pipe remains at a high temperature due to the limited heat capacity of the pipe, failing to effectively absorb the newly generated welding heat. This inefficient heat dissipation path significantly weakens the overall heat exchange capacity of the coolant circulation system, making it difficult to stably control the temperature of the core heating area of ​​the electrode within a reasonable range. Ultimately, this results in fluctuations in welding quality and a decrease in process stability.

[0005] For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN210413188U discloses a water-cooled X-clamp, including a clamp body device, a water-cooled cable device, an upper connecting block, and a lower connecting block. The two ends on the left side of the clamp body device are connected to the water-cooled cable device through the upper connecting block and the lower connecting block, respectively. The clamp body device includes a U-shaped connector and an L-shaped connector. A rotating shaft is movably connected between the two sides of the inner wall of the U-shaped connector, and the rotating shaft is movably connected in the middle of the L-shaped connector. This prior art has a single method for cooling the coolant, and the coolant after absorbing heat needs to be transported to the cooling module through pipelines throughout the process, which makes it difficult to stably control the temperature of the electrode heating area. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spot welding clamp and control method for a spot welding robot for automotive parts, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a spot welding clamp for a spot welding robot for automotive parts, including a spot welding arm with an electrode installed, and further including: a water inlet groove formed on the spot welding arm, one end of the electrode being connected to the water inlet groove, and a connecting pipe being provided inside the electrode; cavities one and two are both formed on the spot welding arm to form a large heat dissipation area on the spot welding arm, cavities one and two being connected by narrow openings one and two, forming a narrow channel between the narrow openings one and two; one end of the connecting pipe is inserted into cavity one, coolant enters the electrode through the water inlet groove, enters cavity one and cavity two through the connecting pipe, and then exits from cavity two; an air inlet pipe one is connected to the water inlet groove to generate bubbles in the coolant in the water inlet groove; an air inlet pipe two is connected to the narrow opening two and forms a bubble area to aerate the coolant passing through the narrow channel.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple turbulence ribs are interlaced in the cavity one, and an S-shaped turbulence loop is formed in the cavity one.

[0009] Furthermore, symmetrical blocking blocks are arranged in the cavity two near the narrow opening two, and an impact zone is formed between the blocking blocks and the narrow opening two.

[0010] Furthermore, the cavity two is provided with symmetrically arranged guide ribs one and two, and guide ribs three are symmetrically arranged between the two guide ribs one. The guide ribs one, two, and three form a dispersion guide zone with the cavity two, wherein the liquid outlet pipe on the cavity two is located in the dispersion guide zone.

[0011] Furthermore, a guide groove is provided between the two blocking blocks, and a guide rib four is provided at one end of each of the two guide ribs three near the blocking block. The two guide ribs four intersect at one end to form a V-shape, and a dispersion zone is formed through the V-shape, the blocking block, and the guide groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the fourth guide rib has a notch to connect the dispersion zone with the area between the two third guide ribs.

[0013] Furthermore, the blocking block is composed of continuous long vertical sidewalls, short horizontal sidewalls, curved walls, short vertical sidewalls, long horizontal sidewalls, and inclined walls. The end of the first guide rib near the blocking block is shorter than the second guide rib, and the ends of the first and second guide ribs near the blocking block are arc-shaped, so that the curvature of the ends of the first and second guide ribs near the blocking block is connected to the curvature of the curved wall. A raised curved wall is provided on the inner wall of the cavity two near the first guide rib, and a curved concave wall is provided on the inner wall of the cavity two near the raised curved wall. The curved wall, the first guide rib, the second guide rib, the raised curved wall, and the curved concave wall form a continuous curved surface and form a swirling zone.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a cover plate installed on the spot welding arm to cover cavity one and cavity two, and the cover plate is provided with heat dissipation fins.

[0015] Preferably, the control method for the automotive parts spot welding robot includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Obtain the welding strength type of the spot welding robot through the working condition identification unit. The welding strength type includes at least continuous spot welding and intermittent spot welding.

[0017] S2. Start the high-pressure pulse gas pump and inject pulse gas into the electrode through the air inlet pipe to make the coolant in the electrode form a bubble flow;

[0018] S3. The controller adjusts the frequency of the pulse gas output by the high-pressure pulse gas pump through the frequency regulator according to the welding strength type obtained by the working condition identification unit, and at the same time adjusts the flow rate of the pulse gas flow through the gas flow regulating valve connected in series with the first gas inlet pipe to change the bubble size, thereby dynamically adjusting the cooling intensity of the bubble flow in the electrode so that the cooling intensity matches the welding strength type.

[0019] When the working condition identification unit identifies the welding intensity type as continuous spot welding, the controller sets the frequency of the pulse gas to 10-30Hz through the frequency regulator and adjusts the flow rate of the pulse gas to make the bubble diameter 0.5-2mm through the gas flow regulating valve.

[0020] When the working condition identification unit identifies the welding intensity type as intermittent spot welding, the controller sets the frequency of the pulse gas to 5-15Hz through the frequency regulator and adjusts the flow rate of the pulse gas to make the bubble diameter 0.5-1mm through the gas flow regulating valve.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature feedback adjustment step:

[0022] The operating temperature of the electrode is collected in real time by a temperature sensor installed in the electrode.

[0023] When the temperature collected by the temperature sensor is higher than the set threshold, the controller automatically increases the frequency of the pulsed gas to a maximum of 35Hz and increases the bubble diameter to a maximum of 2.5mm until the electrode temperature falls back below the set threshold; when the electrode temperature is lower than 80% of the set threshold, the controller reduces the frequency of the pulsed gas and the bubble diameter.

[0024] The set threshold is determined based on the electrode head material: when the electrode head material is chromium zirconium copper, the set threshold is 280-320℃; when the electrode head material is diffused copper, the set threshold is 300-350℃; when the electrode head material is pure copper or brass, the set threshold is 180-220℃.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0026] 1. The spot welding clamp of this automotive parts spot welding robot forms a mobile heat dissipation station through the built-in cavity one / two of the spot welding arm. After the coolant that absorbs heat flows out from the electrode, it immediately enters the cavity one / two and is quickly and actively dissipated through the metal spot welding arm. This design transforms the traditional end-point centralized heat dissipation into mid-course decentralized heat dissipation, effectively reducing the load on the cooling module.

[0027] 2. The spot welding clamp of this automotive parts spot welding robot injects gas into the water inlet tank through the air intake pipe, forming a bubble flow. The movement of the bubbles disturbs the liquid flow, directly breaking the thermal boundary layer on the inner wall of the electrode. According to the principle of gas-liquid two-phase heat transfer, the bubbles can significantly increase the effective heat transfer area of ​​the coolant. At the same time, the water inlet tank is located near the connection between the electrode and the spot welding arm, which can effectively avoid the connection loosening due to temperature difference between the two. In addition, the bubble flow creates a continuous scouring effect in the cooling cavity of the electrode, preventing metal debris and other impurities from adhering to the inner wall, solving the hidden problem of heat exchange efficiency reduction caused by impurity accumulation in traditional cooling, and ensuring long-term stable heat dissipation of the electrode.

[0028] 3. The spot welding clamp of the automotive parts spot welding robot has an air intake pipe symmetrically set at the narrow opening. When the coolant increases its flow rate through the narrow channel, it mixes with the gas to form a bubble zone. The gas-liquid two-phase flow is injected into the cavity under high pressure, which further enhances the turbulence effect and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0029] 4. The spot welding clamp of this automotive parts spot welding robot forms a central heat dissipation zone through a series of interconnected components within the cavity: a bubble zone (secondary bubble enhancement), an impact zone (impact turbulence), a guide channel (flow diversion and guidance), a diffusion zone (uniform flow distribution), a dispersion zone (dispersed bubble flow), and a dispersion and guidance zone (full coverage). This allows the coolant to immediately enter a multi-node continuous heat dissipation channel after flowing out of the electrode. This path replaces the traditional long pipeline direct-supply module design, completing most of the heat release during the return flow, transferring the heat load from the cooling module to the spot welding arm itself, thus achieving heat load dispersion and distribution.

[0030] 5. The spot welding clamp of this automotive parts spot welding robot, with its internal structural components (blocking block, guide ribs one and two, raised curved wall, and curved concave wall) within cavity two, while fulfilling their original functions, collaboratively forms a swirling zone through continuous curved surface design. This guides the coolant to form vortices, creating symmetrical turbulence spaces on both sides of the central cooling area, effectively increasing the contact area between the coolant and the spot welding arm wall. The dual-sided vortices not only further absorb residual heat from the central cooling area but also balance the heat distribution in the central region, preventing the formation of localized hot spots and completely breaking through the limitations of traditional single-point concentrated heat dissipation.

[0031] 6. The spot welding clamp of this automotive parts spot welding robot, through a large-area pre-heating structure system, secondary bubble enhancement treatment, and gas secondary utilization design, constructs a multi-path heat dissipation mode, breaking the limitation of traditional reliance on single-module cooling, thereby reducing the problems of high load, high power consumption, and easy shutdown of the cooling module.

[0032] 7. The spot welding clamp of this automotive parts spot welding robot utilizes a water-cooling system with bubble control to achieve real-time monitoring and precise control of the electrode's operating temperature. This results in more stable electrode cooling and equipment operation, effectively solving the problem of localized overheating or overcooling of the electrode caused by fluctuations in actual heat load when relying solely on preset operating parameters for cooling control. This not only significantly extends the electrode's lifespan and reduces maintenance costs but also ensures the stability of the welding process and the consistency of welding quality.

[0033] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0034] In the attached diagram:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spot welding clamp of a spot welding robot for automotive parts proposed in this invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame, mounting frame, fixing plate, and connecting plate of the spot welding clamp of a spot welding robot for automotive parts proposed in this invention.

[0037] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the spot welding clamp of a spot welding robot for automotive parts proposed in this invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode, connecting pipe, cavity one, and cavity two of the spot welding clamp of a spot welding robot for automotive parts proposed in this invention.

[0039] Figure 5 This invention relates to a spot welding clamp for a spot welding robot for automotive parts. Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bubble zone, impact zone, swirling zone, dispersion zone, and dispersion guiding zone of the spot welding clamp of a spot welding robot for automotive parts proposed in this invention.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the air passage and connecting channel of the spot welding clamp of a spot welding robot for automotive parts proposed in this invention.

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid inlet pipe, air inlet pipe one, and air inlet pipe two of the spot welding clamp of the spot welding robot for automotive parts proposed in this invention.

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate and liquid outlet pipe of the spot welding clamp of a spot welding robot for automotive parts proposed in this invention.

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Spot welding arm; 11. Electrode; 12. Connecting pipe; 13. Water inlet tank; 14. Liquid inlet pipe; 15. Air inlet pipe one; 16. Cover plate; 161. Heat dissipation fins;

[0045] 101. Support frame; 102. Fixing plate; 103. Connecting plate; 104. Servo electric cylinder; 105. Mounting bracket; 106. Elastic plate;

[0046] 2. Cavity 1; 20. Connecting channel; 21. Baffle rib; 22. Narrow opening 1; 23. Narrow channel;

[0047] 3. Cavity II; 30. Liquid outlet pipe; 31. Narrow opening II; 32. Blocking block; 321. Long vertical sidewall; 322. Short horizontal sidewall; 323. Curved wall; 324. Short vertical sidewall; 325. Long horizontal sidewall; 326. Sloping wall; 327. Guide groove; 328. Diffusion zone; 329. Dispersion zone; 33. Dispersion guide zone; 34. Guide rib I; 35. Guide rib II; 36. Guide rib III; 37. Guide rib IV; 38. Notch; 4. Bubble zone; 41. Air passage; 42. Inlet pipe II; 5. Impact zone; 6. Swirl zone; 61. Protruding curved wall; 62. Curved concave wall. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0049] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 9 The technical solutions provided in the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0050] Example: Refer to Figures 1-8 A spot welding clamp for a spot welding robot for automotive parts includes two spot welding arms 1, each equipped with an electrode 11. One spot welding arm 1 is bolted to a fixed plate 102, which is rotatably connected to a support frame 101. The other spot welding arm 1 is bolted to the same support frame 101. A connecting plate 103 is bolted to the fixed plate 102. A servo cylinder 104 is mounted on the support frame 101. The actuator of the servo cylinder 104 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting plate 103, driving the spot welding arm 1 connected to the connecting plate 103 to rotate and perform opening and closing actions. The support frame 101 and the connecting plate 103 are also connected by an elastic plate 106, which provides damping for the spot welding arm 1 connected to the connecting plate 103.

[0051] The spot welding arm 1 is elongated and has a certain width, with a significant depth between the two arms, better meeting the welding requirements at deeper locations. The spot welding arm 1 can be made of aluminum alloy, offering excellent lightweight properties, high thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and a balance between structural strength and maneuverability. Furthermore, a mounting bracket 105 is installed on the support frame 101, allowing it to be mounted on the robotic arm and meeting the needs of fully automated spot welding.

[0052] Additionally, a water inlet 13 is provided on the spot welding arm 1, with one end of the electrode 11 connected to the water inlet 13. A liquid inlet pipe 14 is installed on the spot welding arm 1 at the water inlet 13 to input coolant into the water inlet 13. A connecting pipe 12 is provided inside the electrode 11. Cavities 1-2 and 2-3 are both provided on the spot welding arm 1 to form a large heat dissipation area on the spot welding arm 1. Cavities 1-2 and 2-3 are connected by narrow openings 22-1 and 31-2, forming a narrow channel 23 between them. Cavity 1-2 and water inlet 13 are connected. A connecting channel 20 is provided between them. One end of the connecting pipe 12 is inserted into the connecting channel 20 located at the water inlet tank 13, so that the connecting pipe 12 connects the water inlet tank 13 with the cavity 1 2. The coolant enters the electrode 11 through the water inlet tank 13, enters the cavity 1 2 and the cavity 2 3 through the connecting pipe 12, and is then discharged from the cavity 2 3. The air inlet pipe 15 is connected to the water inlet tank 13 and is used to generate bubbles in the coolant in the water inlet tank 13. The air inlet pipe 42 is connected to the narrow opening 31 and forms a bubble area 4, which is used to aerate the coolant passing through the narrow channel 23.

[0053] For ease of understanding, the following explains some key terms in this embodiment:

[0054] An automotive parts spot welding robot is an automated device whose main function is to join metal parts during the automotive manufacturing process. This robot achieves efficient and high-quality welding operations by precisely controlling the movement of the spot welding clamp and welding parameters.

[0055] A spot welding clamp is the end effector of a spot welding robot, which comes into direct contact with the automotive parts to be welded. The clamp applies pressure and electricity through electrodes, causing the metal to melt locally and form a weld point, thus joining the parts.

[0056] Electrode 11 is the core component of the spot welding clamp and is usually made of conductive material. During the spot welding process, electrode 11 comes into contact with the workpiece, transmits welding current, and withstands mechanical pressure. The control of its operating temperature has a direct impact on the welding quality and electrode life.

[0057] In use, the coolant enters the water inlet tank 13 from the external cooling system through the inlet pipe 14, then enters the cooling chamber of the electrode 11 and flows towards the front end of the electrode 11. Subsequently, the coolant enters the connecting pipe 12 located at the front end of the electrode 11, and the connecting pipe 12 transports the coolant to cavity 2 and cavity 3. Since cavity 2 and cavity 3 are located on the spot welding arm 1, the coolant carrying heat flowing back from the electrode 11 can actively pre-heat the coolant during the return flow by utilizing the large heat dissipation area of ​​the spot welding arm 1.

[0058] Therefore, the flow path of the coolant is designed as follows: it enters the electrode 11 from the water inlet tank 13, enters the connecting pipe 12 from the electrode 11, enters the cavity 2 from the connecting pipe 12, then flows through the cavity 3, and finally returns to the cooling system from the cavity 3. This flow path design ensures that after the coolant dissipates heat to the electrode 11, it quickly enters the cavity 2 and cavity 3 of the spot welding arm 1 for active heat dissipation. On the one hand, it can reduce the workload of the cooling module. On the other hand, it can actively cool the coolant through the large-area spot welding arm 1 during the coolant return process, reduce the accumulation of heat, and avoid the connection between the electrode 11 and the spot welding arm 1 becoming loose due to the temperature difference.

[0059] To further enhance the cooling effect, an air inlet pipe 15 is connected to a water inlet tank 13. After the gas enters the water inlet tank 13, it will form bubbles. These bubbles move in the coolant, which can disturb the liquid flow, break the thermal boundary layer between the coolant and the inner wall of the electrode 11, increase the heat transfer area, and thus improve the cooling efficiency.

[0060] In addition, air inlet pipes 42 are symmetrically arranged on the spot welding arm 1, distributed on both sides of the narrow opening 31, and connected to the narrow opening 31 to form a bubble impact zone, namely the bubble zone 4. Air passages 41 are respectively opened on the spot welding arm 1 located on both sides of the narrow opening 31, and the air inlet pipes 42 are connected to the air passages 41. Specifically, the air inlet pipes 42 can inject gas into the narrow opening 31, so that the coolant can be fully mixed with the injected gas when flowing through the narrow channel 23, forming a gas-liquid two-phase flow. The narrow openings 22 and 31 are converging at one end, and the narrow channel 23 is located at the converging point of the narrow openings 22 and 31. The narrow channel 23 increases the flow rate and pressure of the coolant in the cavity 2 when it enters the cavity 3. At this point, the coolant flowing through the narrow channel 23 mixes with the gas pumped into the intake pipe 42, and is injected into the cavity 3 with microbubbles and high impact force, thereby generating a dense, high-speed flow of microbubbles in the bubble zone 4. This aeration method can further enhance the turbulence and heat transfer capacity of the coolant, and further improve the active heat dissipation of the coolant before it flows back to the cooling system.

[0061] The following uses a more specific use case to illustrate the above technical solution in more detail:

[0062] Imagine a spot welding robot performing spot welding on automotive parts in an automotive parts manufacturing plant. With traditional cooling methods, the temperature of the electrode 11 of the spot welding clamp will continue to rise after prolonged high-intensity welding, potentially leading to oxidation and wear on the electrode 11 surface, thus affecting the weld quality.

[0063] In this embodiment, the spot welding clamp is applied to the spot welding robot. When the spot welding operation begins, the cooling system is activated, and the coolant is delivered to the water inlet tank 13 of the spot welding arm 1 through the inlet pipe 14. The coolant first enters the interior of the electrode 11, absorbing the large amount of heat generated by the electrode 11 during the welding process. The connecting pipe 12 inside the electrode 11 guides the heated coolant to the cavity 2 inside the spot welding arm 1. At the same time as the coolant enters the water inlet tank 13, the air inlet pipe 15 injects gas into the coolant in the water inlet tank 13 through an air pump. The gas causes the coolant to generate bubbles, which form a bubble flow under the flow of the coolant, increasing the surface area of ​​the coolant and disturbing the thermal boundary layer, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency inside the electrode 11.

[0064] Subsequently, the coolant flows from cavity 2 to cavity 3. Between cavity 2 and cavity 3, the coolant needs to pass through a narrow channel 23 formed by narrow openings 22 and 31. As the coolant flows through the narrow channel 23, air intake pipe 42 injects gas into this area, forming a bubble zone 4. The formation of this bubble zone 4 makes the coolant flow as it passes through the narrow channel 23 a two-phase gas-liquid flow. The introduction of bubbles further enhances the turbulence of the coolant, breaking up any possible laminar boundary layer, allowing the coolant to utilize the large heat dissipation area of ​​the spot welding arm 1 for heat exchange. This enables the coolant to actively dissipate heat, reducing the workload of the cooling system, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving cooling efficiency.

[0065] Finally, the coolant cooled by cavities 1-2 and 2-3 is discharged from cavity 2-3 and returned to the external cooling system for further cooling. Through this multi-stage, multi-phase cooling mechanism, the temperature of electrode 11 can be effectively controlled within a suitable operating range, maintaining a stable cooling effect even under high heat load conditions such as continuous spot welding.

[0066] Therefore, this embodiment significantly improves the heat dissipation effect on electrode 11 by introducing a multi-stage bubble cooling method. Bubble flow is delivered into electrode 11 through inlet pipe 15 at water inlet tank 13. Compared with traditional pure liquid cooling, the introduction of bubbles increases the effective heat transfer area of ​​the coolant and enhances the turbulence of the liquid flow, thus achieving a more efficient heat dissipation effect in the core heat-generating area of ​​electrode 11. Secondly, this embodiment sets up cavity 2 and cavity 3 inside the spot welding arm 1, forming a large external heat dissipation area. This differs from the traditional cooling system that relies on only a single cooling module for heat dissipation. Furthermore, in the narrow channel 23 area between cavity 2 and cavity 3, secondary air injection is performed through inlet pipe 42, forming bubble zone 4. This design of introducing bubbles again at key flow channels allows the coolant to maintain a continuously efficient heat exchange state as it flows through the inside of the spot welding arm 1, effectively avoiding heat accumulation due to narrow or excessively long return pipes, which would affect the cooling effect on electrode 11.

[0067] In addition, the bubble flow can also flush away impurities in the coolant, preventing impurities from adhering to the inner wall of electrode 11 and causing a decrease in cooling effect.

[0068] In this regard, refer to Figure 6 Furthermore, it is proposed that multiple turbulence ribs 21 are staggered in cavity 2, and an S-shaped turbulence loop is formed in cavity 2;

[0069] The turbulence rib 21 is a raised structure disposed in cavity 2. Its main function is to change the flow direction and flow pattern of the coolant, increase the turbulence of the coolant, and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency between the coolant and the wall surface. The turbulence rib 21 can adopt various geometric shapes, such as columnar, sheet-like, wavy, or spiral. They can be integrally formed on the bottom wall of cavity 2, or installed by welding, bolt fixing, etc. In this embodiment, it is integrally formed in cavity 2 by CNC milling.

[0070] The S-shaped turbulence loop refers to the S-shaped or similar meandering flow path of the coolant as it flows through the turbulence ribs 21 inside cavity 2. This path design aims to extend the residence time of the coolant within cavity 2 and force it to undergo multiple turns and mixing to enhance convective heat transfer. The S-shaped turbulence loop can be achieved by arranging the position, number, and shape of the turbulence ribs 21. For example, the turbulence ribs 21 can be arranged in an alternating pattern, forcing the coolant to bypass these ribs to move forward, thus naturally forming an S-shaped flow path. Another approach is to design the overall shape of cavity 2 so that its internal channels are inherently S-shaped, further enhanced by the turbulence ribs 21. Through this design, cavity 2 can quickly transfer the heated coolant discharged from connecting pipe 12 to spot welding arm 1. The spot welding arm 1 itself cools down, allowing the coolant discharged from connecting pipe 12 to be rapidly cooled, reducing heat accumulation during recirculation and alleviating the cooling load pressure on subsequent cooling modules.

[0071] In one implementation, reference is made to Figure 5 , Figure 6 In the cavity 2 3, a blocking block 32 is symmetrically arranged near the narrow opening 2 31, and a collision zone 5 is formed between the blocking block 32 and the narrow opening 2 31;

[0072] The blocking block 32 is a structure disposed in cavity 3. Its main function is to change the flow direction of the bubble flow and increase the turbulence of the bubble flow, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the coolant and the cavity wall. Through blocking and diverting, it can break the boundary layer and promote heat transfer. The blocking block 32 can be designed as a solid structure with a certain height and width, such as a rectangular, trapezoidal, or cylindrical cross-section protrusion, and is integrally formed by CNC milling.

[0073] The impact zone 5 refers to the specific area formed between the baffle block 32 and the narrow opening 31. When the coolant flows out of the narrow opening 31 at high speed and quickly encounters the baffle block 32, it will undergo violent impact and mixing in this area, generating a strong turbulence effect. This impact and mixing helps to disperse air bubbles in the coolant and ensures that the coolant fully contacts the cavity wall, thereby significantly enhancing the heat transfer effect in the local area. The formation of the impact zone 5 depends on the geometry and position of the baffle block 32 and the size of the narrow opening 31. By designing the distance and relative angle between the baffle block 32 and the narrow opening 31, the impact effect and turbulence intensity of the coolant can be optimized.

[0074] In one implementation, reference is made to Figure 6 The cavity 2 3 is provided with symmetrically arranged flow guide ribs 34 and 35, and 36 flow guide ribs 36 are symmetrically arranged between the two flow guide ribs 34. The flow guide ribs 34, 35, and 36 and the cavity 2 3 form a dispersion flow guide zone 33; wherein, the liquid outlet pipe 30 on the cavity 2 3 is located in the dispersion flow guide zone 33;

[0075] Guide ribs 1 (34), 2 (35), and 3 (36) are structures installed inside cavity 2 (3). Their main function is to guide and disperse the flow path of the coolant. These guide ribs are mainly formed by CNC milling and spot welding of arm 1. Their main purpose is to change the flow direction of the coolant, increase the contact area and time between the fluid and the wall, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0076] The dispersion and guiding zone 33 is the area enclosed by the first guide rib 34, the second guide rib 35, the third guide rib 36 and the inner wall of the second cavity 3. The function of this area is to effectively disperse and guide the coolant entering the second cavity 3 and concentrate it at the outlet pipe 30, so that the coolant can return to the cooling system from the outlet pipe 30 for final cooling.

[0077] Therefore, the above design allows the coolant to pass through the impact zone 5 and then be dispersed by the blocking block 32, so that the coolant immediately enters the dispersion guide zone 33 composed of guide ribs and is forcibly guided to each corner of the cavity 3. After sufficient heat exchange, it is discharged from the outlet pipe 30 located in the dispersion guide zone 33.

[0078] In one implementation, reference is made to Figure 5 , Figure 6 A guide groove 327 is provided between the two blocking blocks 32. An open diffusion area 328 is formed at the end of the guide groove 327 away from the narrow opening 31. A guide rib 37 is provided at the end of the two guide ribs 36 near the blocking block 32. The two guide ribs 37 converge at one end to form a V-shape. A dispersion area 329 is formed through the V-shape, the blocking block 32, and the guide groove 327.

[0079] The guide groove 327 is a channel disposed between the two baffle blocks 32. Its function is to provide an additional, direct flow path for the coolant, so as to avoid the formation of stagnation or dead zones between the baffle blocks 32. In addition, it can guide the flow of coolant, so that it can be more evenly distributed when entering the dispersion zone 329, and form a specific fluid interaction with the baffle blocks 32.

[0080] The V-shape is a specific geometric shape formed by the intersection of two guide ribs 37 at one end. The dispersion zone 329 is a region formed by the V-shape, the blocking block 32, and the guide groove 327. The core function of this region is to utilize the impact and dispersion effect of the coolant to break up any possible boundary layer or stagnation, thereby improving the local heat exchange efficiency.

[0081] In addition, the coolant sprayed from the narrow channel 23 passes through the guide groove 327 and then diffuses into the diffusion zone 329 through the diffusion zone 328, guiding the flow of coolant and accelerating the heat exchange efficiency.

[0082] Reference Figure 6 The guide rib 37 has a notch 38 for connecting the dispersion zone 329 with the area between the two guide ribs 36. The notch 38 can prevent dead zones from appearing in the area enclosed by the guide ribs 36 and 37, and establish fluid connection in the area between the dispersion zone 329 and the guide ribs 36.

[0083] In some implementations, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 The blocking block 32 is composed of a continuous long vertical sidewall 321, a short horizontal sidewall 322, a curved wall 323, a short vertical sidewall 324, a long horizontal sidewall 325, and an inclined wall 326. The end of the first guide rib 34 near the blocking block 32 is shorter than the second guide rib 35, and the ends of the first guide rib 34 and the second guide rib 35 near the blocking block 32 are arc-shaped, so that the curvature of the ends of the first guide rib 34 and the second guide rib 35 near the blocking block 32 is connected to the curvature of the curved wall 323. A raised curved wall 61 is provided on the inner wall of the cavity 2 3 near the raised curved wall 61, and a curved concave wall 62 is provided on the inner wall of the cavity 2 3 near the raised curved wall 61. The curved wall 323, the first guide rib 34, the second guide rib 35, the raised curved wall 61, and the curved concave wall 62 form a continuous curved surface and form a swirling zone 6.

[0084] The relative lengths of guide rib 1 34 and guide rib 2 35 are designed to create an asymmetrical flow channel, so that the coolant can generate a specific velocity gradient or pressure distribution when flowing through this area, thereby promoting fluid mixing or guiding it to accelerate in a specific direction, providing favorable initial conditions for the formation of the subsequent swirl zone 6.

[0085] The ends of guide rib 1 34 and guide rib 2 35 (near the baffle block 32) are designed with a curved shape, rather than a right angle or acute angle. The curved design helps to smooth the coolant flow, reduce fluid separation and energy loss, reduce local resistance, and guide the coolant to enter the subsequent flow channel more smoothly, avoiding turbulence and impact, thereby improving flow stability;

[0086] The arc-shaped ends of guide ribs 34 and 35 transition smoothly geometrically with the curved wall 323 of the baffle block 32, with continuous curvature. This curvature connection ensures that the coolant does not suddenly change direction as it flows from the baffle block 32 to the guide ribs, thereby minimizing fluid impact, eddies, and pressure loss, helping to maintain the continuity and stability of the flow, and creating conditions for efficient swirling.

[0087] The raised curved wall 61 is a curved structure that protrudes inward locally on the inner wall of cavity 2 3. The raised curved wall 61 can further compress the flow channel, change the local flow velocity and direction of the coolant, and work in conjunction with guide rib 1 34 and guide rib 2 35 to provide the initial deflection force for the formation of swirling flow, enhance the mixing of the fluid and the scouring effect on the wall surface;

[0088] The concave wall 62 is a locally inwardly recessed curved structure on the inner wall of cavity 3, located close to the convex curved wall 61. The concave wall 62 and the convex curved wall 61 work together to form a flow channel with continuous curvature, guiding the fluid to rotate along a specific path, generating swirling flow in the swirling zone 6, increasing the contact area and time between the coolant and the cavity wall, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0089] Swirl zone 6 is a specific region where the coolant is guided to form a vortex-like flow pattern. Swirl zone 6 is constructed from multiple curved structures (curved wall 323, guide rib 1 34, guide rib 2 35, raised curved wall 61, and curved concave wall 62), which are geometrically interconnected to form a continuous, swirling surface. The swirling flow significantly enhances convective heat transfer between the coolant and the wall of the spot welding arm 1, breaks down the boundary layer, reduces thermal resistance, and thus improves cooling efficiency. The continuous curved surface design ensures the stability and efficiency of the swirling flow, avoiding large energy losses or dead zones at sharp bends in the fluid.

[0090] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned technical features, a double-sided turbulent heat dissipation zone is formed in the spot welding arm 1, with the bubble zone 4, impact zone 5, conductive groove 327, diffusion zone 328, dispersion zone 329, and dispersion guiding zone 33 forming the central heat dissipation zone, and the swirling zone 6 forming the central heat dissipation zone. This achieves a synergistic active heat dissipation effect, effectively improving the active heat dissipation effect of the coolant during the recirculation process. Combined with the design of the large-area heat dissipation zone of the spot welding arm 1, this significantly reduces the workload of the cooling module.

[0091] Reference Figure 9 It also includes a cover plate 16 installed on the spot welding arm 1 to cover the cavity 1 2 and the cavity 2 3, and the cover plate 16 is provided with heat dissipation fins 161.

[0092] The main function of the cover plate 16 is to ensure the integrity and sealing of the coolant flow channels inside cavity 2 and cavity 3, prevent coolant leakage, and facilitate inspection of the conditions inside cavity 2 and cavity 3. At the same time, the cover plate 16 also serves as the mounting base for the heat dissipation fins 161, bearing and transferring heat to the heat dissipation fins 161.

[0093] Furthermore, an installation pipe can be led out from the cover plate 16 via an installation pipeline, and a gas-liquid separator can be installed on the installation pipe (to prevent coolant from being discharged with the gas and thus wasting it). An overflow valve is installed on the installation pipe (so that the gas in cavity 2 3 reaches the discharge pressure before entering the gas-liquid separator). The exhaust pipe on the gas-liquid separator is directed toward the heat dissipation fins 161. When the gas pressure in cavity 2 3 exceeds the overflow valve, the gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe and sprayed toward the heat dissipation fins 161. This utilizes the gas while improving the active heat dissipation efficiency of the coolant during the reflux process.

[0094] In one implementation, compared with the traditional continuous pumping method, the pulsed aeration method produces bubbles that generate concentrated generation, rapid diffusion, and rupture impact during the flow process. Each bubble rupture generates a local micro-jet, which, like a high-frequency small impact, precisely peels off the thermal boundary layer and scale attached to the inner wall. In contrast, continuous pumping injects at a uniform speed, and the bubbles continuously rise and converge into an air column. The disturbance intensity is uniform but weak, and it cannot form a concentrated impact. Instead, it allows the coolant to form a stable new flow field, making it difficult to completely break the thermal boundary layer and reducing the descaling effect.

[0095] Among them, the pulse aeration method, in conjunction with the spot welding arm 1, can synchronize with these dynamic scenarios by adjusting the frequency and interval of the pulse. In particular, when the spot welding arm 1 moves rapidly, the pulse frequency is increased, and the coolant fluctuation (the coolant fluctuation is caused by the fluctuation of the coolant in cavity 2, cavity 3 and electrode 11 during the position movement of the spot welding arm 1) is superimposed to achieve double disturbance and improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0096] In another embodiment, a control method for an automotive parts spot welding robot includes the following steps:

[0097] S1. The welding intensity type of the spot welding robot is obtained through the working condition identification unit. The welding intensity type includes at least continuous spot welding and intermittent spot welding. The working condition identification unit is a module used to monitor or predict the load of spot welding operations in real time. It can be an embedded controller. By interacting with the main controller of the spot welding robot, it obtains the type of welding program or task currently being executed, thereby determining the welding intensity type. For example, it can be determined based on parameters such as welding current, voltage, and welding time, combined with a preset algorithm model. The welding intensity type is a classification of the load level of spot welding operations. For example, continuous spot welding usually refers to a large number of high-frequency spot welding operations in a short period of time, accompanied by a high heat load; while intermittent spot welding refers to spot welding operations with a long pause time or a low frequency, and a relatively small heat load.

[0098] S2. Start the high-pressure pulse gas pump and inject pulsed gas into electrode 11 through inlet pipe 15, causing the coolant inside electrode 11 to form a bubble flow. The high-pressure pulse gas pump is used to generate a gas flow with certain pressure and pulse characteristics, and its function is to inject gas into the coolant in a pulsed form. This gas pump can be implemented by controlling the gas source on and off using a solenoid valve. The pulsed gas is generated by adjusting the switching frequency and duration of the solenoid valve. A bubble flow refers to a large number of bubbles uniformly dispersed in the coolant. The generation, movement, and collapse of these bubbles can significantly disturb the coolant boundary layer, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0099] S3. The controller, based on the welding strength type obtained by the working condition identification unit, adjusts the frequency of the pulse gas output by the high-pressure pulse gas pump through the frequency regulator, and simultaneously adjusts the flow rate of the pulse gas flow through the gas flow regulating valve connected in series with the inlet pipe 15 to change the bubble size, thereby dynamically adjusting the cooling intensity of the bubble flow in electrode 11 to match the welding strength type. The controller is the core of the entire control system and can be a hardware platform based on a microcontroller (MCU) or programmable logic controller (PLC) that runs a preset control algorithm. The frequency regulator is used to change the frequency of the pulse gas output by the high-pressure pulse gas pump, thereby affecting the generation density and distribution of bubbles. The gas flow regulating valve is connected in series with the inlet pipe 15 to control the total amount of injected gas, thereby affecting the size and number of bubbles. By coordinating the adjustment of frequency and flow rate, the cooling intensity of the bubble flow in electrode 11 can be dynamically adjusted to match the current welding strength type, avoiding overcooling or undercooling.

[0100] When the working condition identification unit identifies the welding intensity type as continuous spot welding, the controller sets the frequency of the pulse gas to 10-30Hz through the frequency regulator and adjusts the flow rate of the pulse gas through the gas flow regulating valve to make the bubble diameter 0.5-2mm.

[0101] When the working condition identification unit identifies the welding intensity type as intermittent spot welding, the controller sets the frequency of the pulse gas to 5-15Hz through the frequency regulator and adjusts the flow rate of the pulse gas through the gas flow regulating valve to make the bubble diameter 0.5-1mm.

[0102] This method intelligently identifies the welding intensity type of the spot welding robot and dynamically adjusts the parameters of the bubble flow in the coolant accordingly to achieve matching cooling intensity. Specifically, the working condition identification unit first obtains the welding intensity type of the current spot welding operation. Subsequently, the controller adjusts the operating parameters of the high-pressure pulse gas pump based on the identified welding intensity type. This is achieved by changing the injection frequency of the pulse gas through a frequency regulator and controlling the flow rate of the pulse gas through a gas flow regulating valve, thereby collaboratively changing the generation frequency and bubble size of the bubble flow in the coolant. When the welding intensity is high (e.g., continuous spot welding), the controller sets a higher pulse gas frequency and a larger bubble diameter to generate a denser and more efficient bubble flow, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation capacity of electrode 11. Conversely, when the welding intensity is low (e.g., intermittent spot welding), the controller reduces the pulse gas frequency and bubble diameter to provide adequate cooling and avoid unnecessary energy consumption. This dynamic adjustment mode allows the cooling system to provide appropriate cooling intensity according to changes in actual heat load, thereby optimizing energy utilization efficiency while ensuring effective heat dissipation of electrode 11. Combined with the structure of the spot welding clamp, especially the connection between the air inlet pipe 15 and the water inlet tank 13, and the design of the internal connecting pipe 12 of electrode 11, pulsed gas can be efficiently injected into the coolant inside electrode 11, forming a uniform bubble flow. By controlling the frequency and flow rate of the injected gas, the bubble characteristics of the coolant inside electrode 11 can be effectively controlled, thereby achieving overall cooling effect management.

[0103] Through the above technical solution, the cooling system of the spot welding clamp can dynamically adjust the cooling intensity according to the actual heat load requirements of the spot welding operation. This adaptive cooling control avoids the overcooling or undercooling problems that may occur in the traditional fixed cooling mode. Under high heat load conditions such as continuous spot welding, the system can provide sufficient cooling, effectively suppress the temperature rise of electrode 11, extend its service life, and ensure the stability of welding quality. Under low heat load conditions such as intermittent spot welding, the system can reduce the cooling intensity, reduce unnecessary energy consumption, and improve overall operating efficiency.

[0104] In one implementation, a temperature feedback adjustment step is also included:

[0105] The operating temperature of electrode 11 is collected in real time by a temperature sensor installed in electrode 11.

[0106] When the temperature collected by the temperature sensor is higher than the set threshold, the controller automatically increases the frequency of the pulse gas to a maximum of 35Hz and increases the bubble diameter to a maximum of 2.5mm until the temperature of electrode 11 drops below the set threshold; when the temperature of electrode 11 is lower than 80% of the set threshold, the controller reduces the frequency of the pulse gas and the bubble diameter.

[0107] The threshold value is determined based on the electrode tip material:

[0108] When the electrode head material is chromium zirconium copper, the threshold temperature is set to 280-320℃;

[0109] When the electrode head material is dispersed copper, the threshold temperature is set to 300-350℃;

[0110] When the electrode head is made of pure copper or brass, the threshold temperature is set to 180-220℃.

[0111] Specifically, the temperature feedback adjustment step aims to adaptively adjust the cooling intensity based on the actual operating temperature of electrode 11. This step uses a closed-loop control mechanism, taking the real-time temperature of electrode 11 as a feedback signal, enabling the cooling system to respond to changes in actual heat load. A temperature sensor installed in electrode 11 is used to monitor the temperature of electrode 11 in real time. This sensor can be a thermocouple, thermistor, or infrared temperature sensor, etc. It can convert the temperature information of electrode 11 into an electrical signal and transmit it to the controller, collecting the operating temperature of electrode 11 in real time. This ensures that the controller can obtain the current thermal state of electrode 11 in a timely manner, providing an accurate basis for subsequent decisions. When the controller detects that the temperature of electrode 11 is higher than the preset threshold, it indicates that electrode 11 is at risk of overheating. At this time, the controller will automatically increase the frequency and bubble diameter of the pulsed gas. Increasing the frequency can increase the bubble generation rate, thereby improving the disturbance effect and heat exchange efficiency of the gas-liquid two-phase flow. Increasing the bubble diameter can increase the gas-liquid contact area, further enhancing the cooling capacity. This adjustment will continue until the temperature of electrode 11 drops below the set threshold, ensuring that electrode 11 operates within a safe temperature range. Conversely, when the temperature of electrode 11 is below 80% of the set threshold, it may indicate excessive cooling intensity, leading to unnecessary energy consumption, or the electrode 11 temperature is too low, affecting welding performance. The controller will accordingly reduce the frequency and bubble diameter of the pulsed gas to decrease the cooling intensity and allow the electrode 11 temperature to rise back to a more optimal operating range. The set threshold is determined based on the electrode tip material. This is because different electrode tip materials have different thermophysical properties and optimal operating temperature ranges, such as chromium zirconium copper, dispersed copper, pure copper, or brass, which have varying heat resistance and thermal conductivity. Therefore, a specific temperature threshold needs to be set to achieve optimal cooling and electrode protection.

[0112] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spot welding clamp for a spot welding robot for automotive parts, comprising a spot welding arm (1) on which electrodes (11) are mounted, characterized in that, Also includes: A water inlet tank (13) is provided on the spot welding arm (1), one end of the electrode (11) is connected to the water inlet tank (13), and a connecting pipe (12) is provided inside the electrode (11). Cavity 1 (2) and Cavity 2 (3) are formed on the spot welding arm (1) to form a large heat dissipation area on the spot welding arm (1). Cavity 1 (2) and Cavity 2 (3) are connected by narrow opening 1 (22) and narrow opening 2 (31). A narrow channel (23) is formed between narrow opening 1 (22) and narrow opening 2 (31). One end of the connecting pipe (12) is inserted into cavity one (2). Coolant enters the electrode (11) through the water inlet tank (13), enters cavity one (2) and cavity two (3) through the connecting pipe (12), and is discharged from cavity two (3). Air intake pipe 1 (15) is connected to the water inlet tank (13) and is used to generate bubbles in the coolant in the water inlet tank (13); The second air intake pipe (42) is connected to the second narrow opening (31) and forms a bubble zone (4) for aerating the coolant passing through the narrow channel (23); Multiple turbulence ribs (21) are staggered in the cavity (2), and an S-shaped turbulence loop is formed in the cavity (2); In the cavity two (3), there are symmetrically arranged blocking blocks (32) near the narrow opening two (31), and an impact zone (5) is formed between the blocking blocks (32) and the narrow opening two (31). The cavity 2 (3) is symmetrically provided with guide ribs 1 (34) and 2 (35), and guide ribs 3 (36) are symmetrically provided between the two guide ribs 1 (34). The guide ribs 1 (34), 2 (35), 3 (36) and the cavity 2 (3) form a dispersed guide zone (33). The liquid outlet pipe (30) on the cavity two (3) is located in the dispersion guide area (33).

2. The spot welding clamp of the automotive parts spot welding robot according to claim 1, characterized in that, A guide groove (327) is provided between the two blocking blocks (32), and a guide rib (37) is provided at one end of each of the two guide ribs (36) near the blocking block (32). The two guide ribs (37) intersect at one end to form a V-shape, and a dispersion zone (329) is formed through the V-shape, the blocking block (32), and the guide groove (327).

3. The spot welding clamp of the automotive parts spot welding robot according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide rib four (37) has a notch (38) for connecting the dispersion zone (329) with the area between the two guide ribs three (36).

4. The spot welding clamp of a spot welding robot for automotive parts according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3, characterized in that, The blocking block (32) is composed of continuous long vertical sidewalls (321), short horizontal sidewalls (322), curved walls (323), short vertical sidewalls (324), long horizontal sidewalls (325), and inclined walls (326). The end of the first guide rib (34) near the blocking block (32) is shorter than the second guide rib (35), and the ends of the first guide rib (34) and the second guide rib (35) near the blocking block (32) are arc-shaped, so that the ends of the first guide rib (34) and the second guide rib (35) near the blocking block (32) are connected to the curvature of the curved wall (323). A raised curved wall (61) is provided on the inner wall of the cavity two (3) near the first guide rib (34). A curved concave wall (62) is provided on the inner wall of the cavity two (3) near the raised curved wall (61). A continuous curved surface is formed by the curved wall (323), the first guide rib (34), the second guide rib (35), the raised curved wall (61), and the curved concave wall (62), and a swirling zone (6) is formed.

5. The spot welding clamp of a spot welding robot for automotive parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a cover plate (16) installed on the spot welding arm (1) to cover cavity one (2) and cavity two (3), and the cover plate (16) is provided with heat dissipation fins (161).

6. A control method for an automotive parts spot welding robot, based on the spot welding clamp of the automotive parts spot welding robot according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Set up a working condition identification unit, and obtain the welding strength type of the spot welding robot through the working condition identification unit. The welding strength type includes at least continuous spot welding and intermittent spot welding. S2. Start the high-pressure pulse gas pump and inject pulse gas into the electrode (11) through the air inlet pipe (15) to make the coolant in the electrode (11) form a bubble flow. S3. The controller adjusts the frequency of the pulse gas output by the high-pressure pulse gas pump through the frequency regulator according to the welding strength type obtained by the working condition identification unit, and at the same time adjusts the flow rate of the pulse gas flow through the gas flow regulating valve connected in series with the inlet pipe (15) to change the bubble size, thereby dynamically adjusting the cooling intensity of the bubble flow in the electrode (11) so that the cooling intensity matches the welding strength type. When the working condition identification unit identifies the welding intensity type as continuous spot welding, the controller sets the frequency of the pulse gas to 10-30Hz through the frequency regulator and adjusts the flow rate of the pulse gas to make the bubble diameter 0.5-2mm through the gas flow regulating valve. When the working condition identification unit identifies the welding intensity type as intermittent spot welding, the controller sets the frequency of the pulse gas to 5-15Hz through the frequency regulator and adjusts the flow rate of the pulse gas to make the bubble diameter 0.5-1mm through the gas flow regulating valve.

7. The control method for a spot welding robot for automotive parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes temperature feedback adjustment methods: The operating temperature of the electrode (11) is collected in real time by a temperature sensor installed in the electrode (11); When the temperature collected by the temperature sensor is higher than the set threshold, the controller automatically increases the frequency of the pulse gas to a maximum of 35Hz and increases the diameter of the bubble to a maximum of 2.5mm until the temperature of the electrode (11) drops back below the set threshold. When the temperature of the electrode (11) is lower than 80% of the set threshold, the controller reduces the frequency and bubble diameter of the pulse gas; The set threshold is determined based on the electrode tip material: When the electrode head material is chromium zirconium copper, the set threshold is 280-320℃; When the electrode head material is dispersed copper, the set threshold is 300-350℃; When the electrode head is made of pure copper or brass, the set threshold is 180-220℃.

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