Efficient rotating bed coal pyrolysis device and pyrolysis method

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient rotating bed coal pyrolysis device and pyrolysis method. The device comprises a feeding mechanism, a first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism, a second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism and a heat supply mechanism, the heat supply mechanism comprises a heat supply box capable of generating heat, a first heat supply pipe and a second heat supply pipe, and the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism are fixed to the upper end and the lower end of the heat supply mechanism respectively. Each low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism comprises a heat preservation shell, a heat preservation inner barrel, an intelligent fire grate, a circulating flue and a flue gas pipeline, and the intelligent fire grate divides the interior of the heat preservation inner barrel into an upper pyrolysis cavity and a lower pyrolysis cavity and can turn over to achieve material transfer. The feeding mechanism can supply materials to the two pyrolysis mechanisms at the same time through the shunt design. The heat supply mechanism adopts an upper heat supply pipe and a lower heat supply pipe to convey heat to the two pyrolysis mechanisms. Through double-layer pyrolysis, flue gas circulation and intelligent material control, efficient pyrolysis and energy gradient utilization of low-rank coal are achieved, and the pyrolysis efficiency and the heat energy utilization rate are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy conversion, in particular to a high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device and a pyrolysis method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the development of clean and efficient utilization technology of coal, it is necessary to promote the transformation of coal from fuel to fuel and raw material, and the coal-based poly-generation technology with coal as raw material basically forms two technical routes: one is coal gasification poly-generation process route, and the other is coal low-temperature pyrolysis poly-generation process route. For low-rank coal, its coalification degree is low, volatile matter is high, and the direct combustion or gasification efficiency is low, and the organic matter chemical structure has more side chains, and the hydrogen and oxygen contents of the organic matter element composition are high, so that the required clean energy and chemicals can be obtained through pyrolysis in the form of minimum energy consumption and material consumption (which means low investment and low operating cost). In order to obtain high yield of coal tar and high calorific value gas, low-rank coal is mostly used in low-temperature pyrolysis to separate low-rank coal by quality and grade, so as to realize cascade utilization and effectively reduce the emission of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and dust in the combustion process of low-rank coal. At the same time, part of the oil and gas with higher economic value and relatively scarce resources can be separated, so as to improve the utilization efficiency of coal resources and reduce the dependence on foreign oil and gas.

[0003] The rotating bed coal pyrolysis device is a common device for low-temperature pyrolysis of low-rank coal. The current rotating bed coal pyrolysis device, such as the Shenwu rotating bed, can only perform low-temperature pyrolysis on single-layer materials, and the low-temperature pyrolysis efficiency needs to be improved, and the overall heat utilization rate is not high. In order to improve the low-temperature pyrolysis efficiency and increase the heat utilization rate, a high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device is proposed. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device and a pyrolysis method to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device, comprising a feeding mechanism, a first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism, a second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism and a heat supply mechanism, the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism are respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the heat supply mechanism; The first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism each comprise a heat preservation shell, a heat preservation inner cylinder, a slag discharge channel, an inner flue, an outer flue and a flue inlet, the heat preservation inner cylinder is fixedly installed inside the heat preservation shell, a circulating flue is formed between the heat preservation inner cylinder and the heat preservation shell, an intelligent grate is rotatably connected to the middle part of the inner wall of the heat preservation inner cylinder through a driving mechanism, the heat preservation inner cylinder is divided into an upper pyrolysis cavity and a lower pyrolysis cavity by the intelligent grate, the intelligent grate can be turned over to transfer the material in the upper pyrolysis cavity to the lower pyrolysis cavity, one end of the slag discharge channel is in communication with the lower pyrolysis cavity, the other end of the slag discharge channel penetrates to the outside of the heat preservation shell, one end of the inner flue is in communication with the top of the upper pyrolysis cavity, the other end of the inner flue is in communication with the circulating flue, one end of the flue inlet is in communication with the circulating flue, the other end of the flue inlet is in communication with the lower pyrolysis cavity, the outer flue is fixedly connected to the outside of the heat preservation shell and is in communication with the circulating flue, the inner bottom of the heat preservation inner cylinder is a left-high right-low inclined surface, and the lowest part of the inclined surface is aligned with the inlet of the slag discharge channel. The feeding mechanism comprises two controllable switch discharge outlets, and the two discharge outlets penetrate into the upper pyrolysis cavities of the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism respectively. The heat supply mechanism comprises a heat supply box capable of generating heat, a first heat supply pipe and a second heat supply pipe, one end of the first heat supply pipe is in communication with the upper part of the heat supply box, the other end of the first heat supply pipe is in communication with the lower pyrolysis cavity of the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism, one end of the second heat supply pipe is in communication with the lower part of the heat supply box, and the other end of the second heat supply pipe is in communication with the lower pyrolysis cavity of the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the heat supply mechanism further comprises a combustion furnace head and a fuel pipeline, the fuel pipeline is connected with the combustion furnace head for providing fuel for the combustion furnace head, the combustion furnace head is fixedly installed in the middle of the inside of the heat supply box, and the upper and lower surfaces of the combustion furnace head are both combustible.

[0007] Preferably, the feeding mechanism further comprises a feeding hopper, a herringbone pipe and two electromagnetic valves, the feeding hopper is fixedly installed on the support, the herringbone pipe is fixedly connected to the lower end of the feeding hopper, the two discharge outlets are respectively located at the lower ends of the herringbone pipe, and the electromagnetic valves are arranged on the herringbone pipe and located at the bifurcations of the herringbone pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the feeding hopper is provided with a discharging assembly, the discharging assembly comprises a supporting cross beam, a first servo motor and a spiral feeding rod, the supporting cross beam is fixedly connected to the middle part of the inner wall of the feeding hopper, the first servo motor is fixedly connected to the surface of the supporting cross beam, and the spiral feeding rod extends to the inlet of the herringbone pipe and is drivingly connected with the first servo motor.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the heat preservation inner cylinder is fixedly connected with a material rake, and the length of the material rake is equal to the radius length of the intelligent grate.

[0010] Preferably, the intelligent grate comprises a movable ring, an intermediate heat insulation pipe, a plurality of second servo motors and a plurality of material racks, the movable ring is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the heat preservation inner cylinder, the intermediate heat insulation pipe is arranged between the inner walls on both sides of the movable ring, the plurality of second servo motors are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the intermediate heat insulation pipe, one end of the material rack is in transmission connection with the output end of the second servo motor, and the other end of the material rack extends to the inner side of the movable ring.

[0011] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a third servo motor, a transmission rod and a heat insulation ring, the heat insulation ring is fixedly connected between the bottom of the heat preservation outer shell and the heat preservation inner cylinder, the third servo motor is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the heat preservation outer shell and located on the inner side of the heat insulation ring, one end of the transmission rod is in transmission connection with the third servo motor, and the other end of the transmission rod penetrates through the bottom of the heat preservation inner cylinder and is fixedly connected with the intermediate heat insulation pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the transmission rod is fixedly connected with a hinged disc, and the hinged disc is rotationally connected with a pushing plate on the surface.

[0013] Preferably, the number of the first heat supply pipe and the second heat supply pipe is multiple, and the first heat supply pipe and the second heat supply pipe are arranged in a ring array around the heat supply box.

[0014] Preferably, a pyrolysis method of the high-efficiency rotary bed coal pyrolysis device comprises the following steps: S1, low-rank coal is sent into the upper pyrolysis cavities of the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism through the feeding mechanism; S2, the driving mechanism is started to drive the intelligent grate to rotate, and the material rake is used to level the material; S3, the heat supply mechanism generates high-temperature hot gas, which enters the lower pyrolysis cavities of the two low-temperature pyrolysis mechanisms through the first heat supply pipe and the second heat supply pipe respectively; S4, the high-temperature hot gas rises to perform primary pyrolysis on the coal in the upper pyrolysis cavities, and the generated oil fume enters the circulating flue through the inner smoke outlet pipe; S5, after the primary pyrolysis is completed, the intelligent grate is turned over, the material is transferred to the lower pyrolysis cavities for secondary pyrolysis; S6, part of the flue gas in the circulating flue is recycled to the lower pyrolysis cavities through the smoke inlet pipe, so as to realize waste heat utilization; S7, after the secondary pyrolysis is completed, the residue is discharged by rotating the pushing plate through the transmission rod, and the pyrolysis process is completed.

[0015] Advantages The present application provides a high-efficiency rotary bed coal pyrolysis device and a pyrolysis method, which have the following advantages: 1. The high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device, by setting the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism, realizes the synchronous work of the upper and lower double-layer pyrolysis mechanisms, can simultaneously pyrolyze two kinds of materials or the same material twice, realizes the layered and staged treatment of the material, improves the processing capacity and pyrolysis completeness per unit time, and improves the pyrolysis efficiency.

[0016] 2. The high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device, by setting the circulating flue, the inner smoke outlet pipe and the smoke inlet pipe, forms a smoke circulation system, guides the waste heat smoke of the upper pyrolysis cavity into the circulating flue, recovers part to the lower pyrolysis cavity for reuse, cooperates with the double-layer heat preservation structure of the heat preservation outer shell and the heat preservation inner cylinder, effectively reduces heat loss, and realizes the step-by-step utilization of heat energy.

[0017] 3. The high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device, the intelligent grate can overturn and unload, cooperates with the third servo motor to drive the intelligent grate to rotate, and the material rake flattens the material, realizes automatic transfer and uniform heating of the material; the feeding mechanism is provided with a solenoid valve and a spiral feeding rod, can realize continuous and controllable feeding, and is suitable for different coal types and process requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a whole sectional structure schematic view of the high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device proposed in the application; Figure 2 It is an internal structure schematic view of the heat preservation inner cylinder of the high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device proposed in the application; Figure 3 It is a heat supply mechanism horizontal sectional structure schematic view of the high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device proposed in the application; Figure 4 It is a feeding mechanism structure schematic view of the high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device proposed in the application; Figure 5 It is a Figure 4 It is an enlarged structure schematic view of the high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device proposed in the application; Figure 6 It is an intelligent grate horizontal sectional structure schematic view of the high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device proposed in the application; Figure 7 It is a driving mechanism structure schematic view of the high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device proposed in the application.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Feeding mechanism; 2. First low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism; 3. Second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism; 4. Heating mechanism; 5. Insulated outer shell; 6. Insulated inner cylinder; 7. Slag discharge channel; 8. Inner flue pipe; 9. Outer flue pipe; 10. Inlet flue pipe; 11. Circulating flue; 12. Drive mechanism; 13. Intelligent grate; 14. Upper pyrolysis chamber; 15. Lower pyrolysis chamber; 16. Discharge port; 17. Heating box; 18. First heating pipe; 19. 20. Second heating pipe; 21. Combustion furnace head; 22. Fuel pipe; 23. Feed hopper; 24. Herringbone pipe; 25. Solenoid valve; 26. Support beam; 27. First servo motor; 28. Spiral feed rod; 29. ​​Material rake; 30. Movable ring; 31. Intermediate heat insulation pipe; 32. Second servo motor; 33. Material rack; 34. Third servo motor; 35. Transmission rod; 36. Heat insulation ring; 37. Hinge plate; 38. Pusher plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device, comprising a feeding mechanism 1, a first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 2, a second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 3 and a heating mechanism 4, wherein the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 2 and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 3 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the heating mechanism 4. Both the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 2 and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 3 include an insulating outer shell 5, an insulating inner cylinder 6, a slag discharge channel 7, an inner flue pipe 8, an outer flue pipe 9, and an inlet pipe 10. The insulating inner cylinder 6 is fixedly installed inside the insulating outer shell 5, and a circulating flue 11 is formed between the insulating inner cylinder 6 and the insulating outer shell 5. The middle of the inner wall of the insulating inner cylinder 6 is rotatably connected to an intelligent grate 13 via a drive mechanism 12. The intelligent grate 13 divides the interior of the insulating inner cylinder 6 into an upper pyrolysis chamber 14 and a lower pyrolysis chamber 15. The intelligent grate 13 can be flipped to transfer the material in the upper pyrolysis chamber 14 to the lower pyrolysis chamber 15. One end of the slag discharge channel 7 is connected to the lower pyrolysis chamber 15, and the other end of the slag discharge channel 7 extends to the outside of the insulation shell 5. One end of the inner flue pipe 8 is connected to the top of the upper pyrolysis chamber 14, and the other end of the inner flue pipe 8 is connected to the circulating flue 11. One end of the inlet pipe 10 is connected to the circulating flue 11, and the other end of the inlet pipe 10 is connected to the lower pyrolysis chamber 15. The outer flue pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the outside of the insulation shell 5 and is connected to the circulating flue 11. The bottom of the inner insulation cylinder 6 is a slope that is higher on the left and lower on the right, and the lowest point of the slope is aligned with the inlet of the slag discharge channel 7. The slag discharge channel 7 is controlled by a valve. The feeding mechanism 1 includes two controllable discharge ports 16, which are respectively connected to the upper pyrolysis chambers 14 of the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 2 and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 3. The heating mechanism 4 includes a heating box 17 capable of generating heat, a first heating pipe 18 and a second heating pipe 19. One end of the first heating pipe 18 is connected to the upper part of the heating box 17, and the other end of the first heating pipe 18 is connected to the lower pyrolysis chamber 15 of the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 2. One end of the second heating pipe 19 is connected to the lower part of the heating box 17, and the other end of the second heating pipe 19 is connected to the lower pyrolysis chamber 15 of the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 3.

[0025] The heating equipment also includes a combustion furnace head 20 and a fuel pipe 21. The fuel pipe 21 is connected to the combustion furnace head 20 and is used to supply fuel to the combustion furnace head 20. The combustion furnace head 20 is fixedly installed in the middle of the interior of the heating box 17, and both the upper and lower surfaces of the combustion furnace head 20 can burn. There are multiple first heating pipes 18 and multiple second heating pipes 19, which are distributed in a ring array around the heating box 17. Fuel can be continuously supplied to the combustion furnace head 20 through the fuel pipe 21. The operation of the combustion furnace head 20 can generate high-temperature hot air in the heating box 17. Through multiple first heating pipes 18 and multiple second heating pipes 19, the heat in the heating box 17 can be easily transferred to the lower pyrolysis chamber 15 of the heat-insulating inner cylinder 6.

[0026] The feeding mechanism 1 also includes a feeding hopper 22, a herringbone pipe 23, and two solenoid valves 24. The feeding hopper 22 is fixedly mounted on a support, and the herringbone pipe 23 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the feeding hopper 22. Two discharge ports 16 are located at the lower ends of the herringbone pipe 23, respectively. The solenoid valves 24 are mounted on the herringbone pipe 23 and located at the bifurcation point of the herringbone pipe 23. By setting up the feeding mechanism 1 and using the two solenoid valves 24 to open and close the two discharge ports 16 at the lower end of the herringbone pipe 23, the two discharge ports 16 at the lower end of the herringbone pipe 23 can be controlled. This is useful when performing low-temperature pyrolysis of low-rank coal materials. The material in the feeding hopper 22 can be fed into the upper pyrolysis chamber 14 of the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 2 and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 3 through the herringbone pipe 23 by the solenoid valve 24. The material falls onto the surface of the intelligent grate 13. By having the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 2 and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 3 work simultaneously, the pyrolysis efficiency of low-rank coal can be greatly improved. Furthermore, the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 2 and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 3 can simultaneously perform low-temperature pyrolysis on two different types of materials, effectively expanding the applicability of the device.

[0027] The feeding hopper 22 is equipped with a feeding assembly, which includes a support beam 25, a first servo motor 26, and a spiral feeding rod 27. The support beam 25 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the feeding hopper 22, and the first servo motor 26 is fixedly connected to the surface of the support beam 25. The spiral feeding rod 27 extends to the inlet of the herringbone pipe 23 and is connected to the first servo motor 26 for transmission. By setting up the feeding assembly, the first servo motor 26 can drive the spiral feeding rod 27 to rotate, thereby facilitating the smooth entry of materials in the feeding hopper 22 into the herringbone pipe 23, thus ensuring the continuity of material entering the herringbone pipe 23, and also realizing controllable feeding.

[0028] The intelligent grate 13 includes a movable ring 29, a middle heat-insulating pipe 30, multiple second servo motors 31, and multiple material racks 32. The movable ring 29 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the heat-insulating inner cylinder 6. The middle heat-insulating pipe 30 is arranged between the inner walls on both sides of the movable ring 29. The multiple second servo motors 31 are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the middle heat-insulating pipe 30. One end of the material rack 32 is connected to the output end of the second servo motor 31, and the other end of the material rack 32 extends to the inner side of the movable ring 29.

[0029] After the material in the upper pyrolysis chamber 14 has completed pyrolysis, the intelligent grate 13 is set up, and the second servo motor 31 can drive the material rack 32 to rotate. By rotating the material rack 32 by 90 degrees, the material on the surface of the material rack 32 can enter the lower pyrolysis chamber 15. After the material enters the lower pyrolysis chamber 15, it can undergo low-temperature pyrolysis again, thereby realizing the secondary pyrolysis of the material, effectively improving the utilization rate of the material and avoiding material waste.

[0030] The drive mechanism 12 includes a third servo motor 33, a transmission rod 34, and a heat insulation ring 35. The heat insulation ring 35 is fixedly connected between the bottom of the insulation shell 5 and the bottom of the insulation inner cylinder 6. The third servo motor 33 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the insulation shell 5 and located inside the heat insulation ring 35. One end of the transmission rod 34 is connected to the third servo motor 33, and the other end of the transmission rod 34 passes through the bottom of the insulation inner cylinder 6 and is fixedly connected to the middle heat insulation pipe 30. Through the heat insulation ring 35, the third servo motor 33 can operate at a safe temperature. The operation of the third servo motor 33 can drive the transmission rod 34 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission rod 34 can drive the middle heat insulation pipe 30 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the entire intelligent grate 13.

[0031] Example 2, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 Including Embodiment 1, and based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a material rake 28 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat-insulating inner cylinder 6. The length of the material rake 28 is equal to the radius of the intelligent grate 13. By setting the material rake 28 and utilizing the rotation of the intelligent grate 13, the material can be easily spread out, which is conducive to the material being heated evenly, thereby facilitating the low-temperature pyrolysis of the material.

[0032] Example 3, see Figure 7Including Embodiment 2, and based on Embodiment 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a hinged plate 36 is fixed to the surface of the transmission rod 34, and a pusher plate 37 is rotatably connected to the surface of the hinged plate 36. After the material is pyrolyzed in the lower pyrolysis chamber 15, the transmission rod 34 is rotated by the third servo motor 33, which can rotate the hinged plate 36, thereby driving the pusher plate 37 to rotate. The pusher plate 37 can rotate up and down, which facilitates the contact between the pusher plate 37 and the material residue at the bottom of the lower pyrolysis chamber 15, so as to push the material residue into the slag discharge channel 7.

[0033] A pyrolysis method for a high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device includes the following steps: S1, low-rank coal is fed into the upper pyrolysis chamber 14 of the first low-temperature pyrolysis unit 2 and the second low-temperature pyrolysis unit 3 through the feeding mechanism 1 respectively; S2, start the drive mechanism 12 to drive the intelligent grate 13 to rotate, and cooperate with the material rake 28 to spread the material; S3, the heating mechanism 4 generates high-temperature hot gas, which enters the lower pyrolysis chambers 15 of the two low-temperature pyrolysis mechanisms through the first heating pipe 18 and the second heating pipe 19 respectively. S4, the high-temperature hot gas rises and performs initial pyrolysis on the coal in the upper pyrolysis chamber 14, and the resulting oil fumes enter the circulating flue 11 through the inner smoke outlet pipe 8. S5. After the initial pyrolysis is completed, the intelligent grate 13 flips over to transfer the material to the lower pyrolysis chamber 15 for secondary pyrolysis. S6, some of the flue gas in the circulating flue 11 is recovered to the lower pyrolysis chamber 15 through the flue pipe 10 to realize the utilization of waste heat; S7. After the secondary pyrolysis is completed, the slag discharge channel 7 is opened, and the pusher plate 37 is rotated by the transmission rod 34 to discharge the residue, thus completing the pyrolysis process.

[0034] Working Principle: When this high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device is in operation, low-rank coal material is first fed into the upper pyrolysis chamber 14 of the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 2 and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 3 through the feeding mechanism 1 and the two discharge ports 16 respectively. Then, the intelligent grate 13 is rotated by the drive mechanism 12, which, together with the material rake 28, facilitates the leveling of the material. Then, the combustion furnace head 20 of the heating mechanism 4 works, which allows multiple first heating pipes 18 and multiple second heating pipes 19 to transfer hot air into the lower pyrolysis chamber 15 of the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 2 and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism 3 respectively. After entering the lower pyrolysis chamber 15, the hot air rises and then enters the upper pyrolysis chamber 14, thereby performing the initial low-temperature pyrolysis on the material in the upper pyrolysis chamber 14. The oil fumes generated during the low-temperature pyrolysis process are discharged from the inner smoke outlet pipe 8 at the top into the circulating flue 11 and enter the circulating flue. A portion of the flue gas from flue 11 will be discharged from the outer flue pipe 9 for subsequent processing. Another portion of the flue gas entering the circulating flue 11 will enter the lower pyrolysis chamber 15 from the inlet pipe 10, thus enabling the flue gas to be recycled. This facilitates the maintenance of a stable temperature in the inner insulation cylinder 6. Combined with the outer insulation shell 5 for external insulation, double-cylinder insulation is achieved, greatly improving the heat utilization rate. After the material completes the initial low-temperature pyrolysis in the upper pyrolysis chamber 14, the material rack 32 is rotated 90 degrees by the second servo motor 31, which can flip the material into the lower pyrolysis chamber 15. After the material undergoes a second low-temperature pyrolysis in the lower pyrolysis chamber 15, the valve of the slag discharge channel 7 can be opened. Then, the transmission rod 34 is rotated by the third servo motor 33, which can make the hinge plate 36 and the pusher plate 37 rotate synchronously, so that the material slag in the lower pyrolysis chamber 15 can be discharged from the slag discharge channel 7.

[0035] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of this disclosure. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other. In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device, characterized in that, It includes a feeding mechanism (1), a first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism (2), a second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism (3), and a heating mechanism (4). The first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism (2) and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism (3) are respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the heating mechanism (4). Both the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism (2) and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism (3) include an insulating outer shell (5), an insulating inner cylinder (6), a slag discharge channel (7), an inner flue pipe (8), an outer flue pipe (9), and an inlet pipe (10). The insulating inner cylinder (6) is fixedly installed inside the insulating outer shell (5). A circulating flue (11) is formed between the insulating inner cylinder (6) and the insulating outer shell (5). The middle of the inner wall of the insulating inner cylinder (6) is rotatably connected to an intelligent grate (13) through a drive mechanism (12). The intelligent grate (13) divides the interior of the insulating inner cylinder (6) into an upper pyrolysis chamber (14) and a lower pyrolysis chamber (15). The intelligent grate (13) can be flipped to transfer the material in the upper pyrolysis chamber (14). The slag discharge channel (7) is connected to the lower pyrolysis chamber (15) at one end and to the outside of the insulation shell (5) at the other end. The inner flue pipe (8) is connected to the top of the upper pyrolysis chamber (14) at one end and to the circulating flue (11) at the other end. The flue pipe (10) is connected to the circulating flue (11) at one end and to the lower pyrolysis chamber (15) at the other end. The outer flue pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the outside of the insulation shell (5) and to the circulating flue (11). The bottom of the inner insulation cylinder (6) is a slope that is higher on the left and lower on the right, and the lowest point of the slope is aligned with the inlet of the slag discharge channel (7). The feeding mechanism (1) includes two controllable discharge ports (16), which are respectively connected to the upper pyrolysis chambers (14) of the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism (2) and the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism (3); The heating mechanism (4) includes a heating box (17) capable of generating heat, a first heating pipe (18) and a second heating pipe (19). One end of the first heating pipe (18) is connected to the upper part of the heating box (17), and the other end of the first heating pipe (18) is connected to the lower pyrolysis chamber (15) of the first low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism (2). One end of the second heating pipe (19) is connected to the lower part of the heating box (17), and the other end of the second heating pipe (19) is connected to the lower pyrolysis chamber (15) of the second low-temperature pyrolysis mechanism (3).

2. The high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating mechanism (4) also includes a combustion head (20) and a fuel pipe (21). The fuel pipe (21) is connected to the combustion head (20) and is used to supply fuel to the combustion head (20). The combustion head (20) is fixedly installed in the middle of the interior of the heating box (17), and both the upper and lower surfaces of the combustion head (20) can burn.

3. The high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (1) also includes a feeding hopper (22), a herringbone pipe (23) and two solenoid valves (24). The feeding hopper (22) is fixedly installed on the bracket. The herringbone pipe (23) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the feeding hopper (22). The two discharge ports (16) are located at the lower ends of the herringbone pipe (23) respectively. The solenoid valves (24) are installed on the herringbone pipe (23) and are located at the fork of the herringbone pipe (23).

4. The high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding hopper (22) is equipped with a feeding assembly, which includes a support beam (25), a first servo motor (26) and a spiral feeding rod (27). The support beam (25) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the feeding hopper (22), the first servo motor (26) is fixedly connected to the surface of the support beam (25), and the spiral feeding rod (27) extends to the inlet of the herringbone tube (23) and is connected to the first servo motor (26) for transmission.

5. The high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the heat-insulating inner cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to a material rake (28), the length of which is equal to the radius of the intelligent grate (13).

6. The high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent grate (13) includes a movable ring (29), a middle heat-insulating pipe (30), multiple second servo motors (31) and multiple material racks (32). The movable ring (29) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the heat-insulating inner cylinder (6). The middle heat-insulating pipe (30) is arranged between the inner walls on both sides of the movable ring (29). The multiple second servo motors (31) are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the middle heat-insulating pipe (30). One end of the material rack (32) is connected to the output end of the second servo motor (31) for transmission. The other end of the material rack (32) extends to the inner side of the movable ring (29).

7. The high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (12) includes a third servo motor (33), a transmission rod (34) and a heat insulation ring (35). The heat insulation ring (35) is fixedly connected between the bottom of the heat insulation shell (5) and the bottom of the heat insulation inner cylinder (6). The third servo motor (33) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat insulation shell (5) and located inside the heat insulation ring (35). One end of the transmission rod (34) is connected to the third servo motor (33) for transmission, and the other end of the transmission rod (34) passes through the bottom of the heat insulation inner cylinder (6) and is fixedly connected to the middle heat insulation pipe (30).

8. The high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface of the transmission rod (34) is fixed with a hinge plate (36), and the surface of the hinge plate (36) is rotatably connected to a pusher plate (37).

9. The high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple first heating pipes (18) and second heating pipes (19), which are arranged in a ring array around the heating box (17).

10. A pyrolysis method based on the high-efficiency rotating bed coal pyrolysis device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, low-rank coal is fed into the upper pyrolysis chamber (14) of the first low-temperature pyrolysis unit (2) and the second low-temperature pyrolysis unit (3) respectively through the feeding mechanism (1); S2, start the drive mechanism (12) to drive the intelligent grate (13) to rotate, and cooperate with the material rake (28) to spread the material; S3, the heating mechanism (4) generates high-temperature hot gas, which enters the lower pyrolysis chamber (15) of the two low-temperature pyrolysis mechanisms through the first heating pipe (18) and the second heating pipe (19), respectively; S4, the high-temperature hot gas rises and performs initial pyrolysis on the coal in the upper pyrolysis chamber (14), and the resulting oil fumes enter the circulating flue (11) through the inner smoke outlet pipe (8). S5, after the initial pyrolysis is completed, the intelligent grate (13) flips over to transfer the material to the lower pyrolysis chamber (15) for secondary pyrolysis; S6, part of the flue gas in the circulating flue (11) is recovered to the lower pyrolysis chamber (15) through the flue gas inlet pipe (10) to realize the utilization of waste heat; S7. After the secondary pyrolysis is completed, the slag discharge channel (7) is opened, and the pusher plate (37) is rotated by the transmission rod (34) to discharge the residue, thus completing the pyrolysis process.

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