High-toughness alkaline electrolytic water hydrogen production composite diaphragm and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-toughness alkaline electrolytic water hydrogen production composite diaphragm and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrolytic water hydrogen production composite diaphragms.The composite diaphragm comprises polysulfone, a soft segment monomer, a catalyst, 1 wt%-5 wt% of a pore-foaming agent and inorganic nano oxide particles modified based on a silane coupling agent, the mass ratio of the polysulfone to the silane coupling agent modified inorganic nano oxide particles is 1: (3-8); the inorganic nano oxide particles are any one or more of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide, and the median particle diameter D50 of the particles is 0.2-1 [mu] m. An interpenetrating network structure is constructed by grafting soft chain segments in a system, so that the toughness of the diaphragm is remarkably improved, the diaphragm can still keep brittle failure resistance in a liquid nitrogen extremely low temperature environment, a potential solution is provided for application of the diaphragm in a cold region, and the diaphragm has relatively good practicability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of composite diaphragms for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and particularly relates to a high-toughness composite diaphragm for hydrogen production by water electrolysis in alkaline and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen production by water electrolysis in alkaline has higher efficiency, lower cost and better safety. However, traditional diaphragms often have challenges in stability and mechanical performance under working conditions, so new materials and structures are needed to meet the requirements of actual working conditions. Therefore, researchers have begun to explore new materials, such as special polymers, inorganic nanomaterials or composite materials, for the preparation of composite diaphragms with high ion transport performance and good mechanical strength. The design of diaphragm structure and process optimization are also the focus of related technology development, by adjusting the pore structure, thickness and surface properties of the diaphragm, etc., to achieve efficient preparation and stable performance. The development of this technology will provide reliable technical support for hydrogen production by water electrolysis in alkaline, promote the development of hydrogen energy industry, and make greater contributions to the field of clean energy.

[0003] For example, the existing Chinese patent CN115161702A discloses a preparation method of a high-toughness cross-linked organic-inorganic composite alkaline water electrolysis diaphragm. The invention uses a polyphenylene sulfide net as a support body, and a polysulfone-pore-forming agent-hydrophilic inorganic particles-peroxide cross-linking agent as a casting solution for the composite diaphragm. The casting solution is formed into a film by the immersion precipitation phase inversion method, and after film formation, cross-linking reaction occurs through high-temperature hot pressing operation, forming a spatial network structure inside the film. The three-dimensional pore structure can effectively organize the permeation of gas molecules, ensuring the purity of the gas. In addition, the zirconium porosity can improve the overall porosity of the modified diaphragm, thereby reducing its surface resistance. However, this scheme has the following defects: The diaphragm is prone to rupture under certain mechanical forces, has poor toughness, and the bubble point of the diaphragm is prone to decrease during use, the hydrogen concentration in oxygen increases, and the safety decreases; The nanoparticles are prone to agglomeration in the polymer matrix, causing stress concentration and reducing the toughness of the diaphragm. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a high-toughness composite diaphragm for hydrogen production by water electrolysis in alkaline and a preparation method thereof, which aims to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present application is mainly realized by the following technical solutions: The application discloses a high-toughness alkaline electrolytic water hydrogen production composite diaphragm, which comprises, in percentage by mass, 10wt%-30wt% of polysulfone, 1wt%-20wt% of soft chain segment monomer, 0.001wt%-0.1wt% of catalyst, 1wt%-5wt% of pore former and 70wt%-90wt% of inorganic nano-oxide particles modified by a silane coupling agent, the mass ratio of the polysulfone to the inorganic nano-oxide particles modified by the silane coupling agent being 1:3-8, the soft chain segment monomer comprising a long alkyl chain segment, an ether bond and an ester group, and the inorganic nano-oxide particles being any one or more of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide and having a median particle size of D50=0.2-1um.

[0006] In order to better realize the application, further, the polysulfone is any one or more of polysulfone, sulfonated polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyarylene ether sulfone, tertiary aminated polysulfone and chloromethyl polysulfone.

[0007] In order to better realize the application, further, the soft chain segment monomer is any one or more of methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, ethylene pyrrolidone, ethylene glycol diacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate.

[0008] In order to better realize the application, further, the catalyst is azobisdimethyl valeronitrile or dibenzoyl peroxide, and the pore former is polyvinyl pyrrolidone and / or polyvinyl alcohol.

[0009] In order to better realize the application, further, the silane coupling agent is any one or more of acryloyloxy triisopropyl silane, 3-(trimethoxysilyl) methyl methacrylate, vinyl triethoxysilane and vinyl trimethoxysilane.

[0010] The application is mainly realized through the following technical scheme: The application discloses a preparation method of a high-toughness alkaline electrolytic water hydrogen production composite diaphragm, which is used for preparing the high-toughness alkaline electrolytic water hydrogen production composite diaphragm and comprises the following steps: Step S1: preparing a casting solution; The inorganic nano-oxide particles modified by the silane coupling agent are dispersed in a solvent to prepare a dispersion liquid, then the soft chain segment monomer and the catalyst are added into the dispersion liquid and uniformly mixed and stirred at a rotating speed of 1500-3000r / min for 2-8h, then the polysulfone and the pore former are added into the dispersion liquid in sequence and uniformly stirred, and finally, the dispersion liquid is subjected to defoaming treatment to prepare the uniformly dispersed casting solution; Step S2: preparing a composite diaphragm; The casting solution prepared in step S1 is coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide mesh and transferred to an oven for thermally initiated polymerization. The oven temperature is 50~120℃ and the holding time is 0.5~5min. After polymerization is completed, it is immersed in a coagulation bath for phase transformation. The temperature of the coagulation bath is 10~50℃. Finally, the composite membrane is prepared.

[0011] To better realize the present invention, further, in step S1, the preparation of silane coupling agent modified inorganic nano-oxide particles includes the following steps: Step A1: Disperse the inorganic nano-oxide particles in a solvent and stir evenly at a speed of 1500~2500 r / min for 1~5 h to ensure thorough dispersion; the mass ratio of the inorganic nano-oxide to the solvent is 1:0.8~1.5. Step A2: Add silane coupling agent to carry out modification reaction, and the reaction temperature is 50~100℃, and the reaction time is 2~8h.

[0012] To better realize the present invention, further, in step A1, the solvent is any one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethanol, and water.

[0013] To better realize the present invention, in step S2, the coagulation bath is water and / or ethanol.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) This invention first modifies inorganic nano-oxide particles in a solvent using a silane coupling agent with double bonds. After modification, the nanoparticles are less prone to agglomeration in the polymer matrix, thus improving the membrane toughness. Then, a monomer with soft segments and polysulfone is added, along with an initiator and a pore-forming agent to prepare a slurry. This slurry is coated onto the surface of a PPS mesh and subjected to thermally initiated free radical polymerization of the soft segments and double bonds. The membrane is then prepared by non-solvent-induced phase separation. In this process, the inorganic nano-oxide particles are more uniformly dispersed after modification. The process simultaneously achieves the grafting of soft segments and the preparation of the membrane. The introduction of soft segments into the matrix significantly improves the toughness of the membrane. The formation of an interpenetrating network structure reduces the rigidity of the polysulfone polymer, resulting in a membrane with good toughness in the dry state. The process is simple and easy to industrialize.

[0015] (2) The soft-chain monomer mainly contains long alkyl segments, ether bonds, and ester groups. The main chain of the polysulfone contains benzene rings, which are brittle and prone to cracking under impact. By introducing the soft-chain polymer as a stress concentration point and a "trigger" for initiating crazes, and utilizing the rigidity of the polysulfone itself to terminate crazes, support deformation, and absorb a large amount of energy, synergistic toughening is achieved. The soft segments improve the compatibility of inorganic materials by bonding with inorganic nanoparticles. The organic and inorganic phases effectively transfer stress, forming an interconnected network structure to achieve the toughening effect.

[0016] (3) The diaphragm prepared by grafting soft segments is less prone to breakage under certain mechanical forces, and its toughness is improved, thus improving the durability and safety of the diaphragm during use. This invention constructs an interpenetrating network structure by grafting soft segments within the system, thereby significantly improving the toughness of the diaphragm and enabling it to maintain its anti-brittle fracture performance even in the extreme low temperature environment of liquid nitrogen, providing a potential solution for the application of diaphragms in cold regions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the surface and cross-section of the high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane prepared in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a membrane bending test diagram of the high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane prepared in Example 1. Detailed Implementation Example 1:

[0018] A method for preparing a high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane includes the following steps: First, as shown in Table 1, 150g of nano-zirconia particles were dispersed in 120mL of N,N-dimethylformamide solvent and dispersed at 2000r / min for 5h. Then, 3g of vinyltriethoxysilane was added to modify the zirconia, and the reaction was carried out at 80℃ for 8h. Then, 1g of butyl methacrylate and 0.005g of azobisisobutyronitrile were added, and the mixture was reacted for 2 hours and then cooled to room temperature. 20g of polysulfone was added and dissolved completely at room temperature at a speed of 2000r / min for 4 hours. 2g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was added and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a uniformly dispersed casting solution.

[0019] Finally, the casting solution is coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) mesh supporting material, and placed in a 70°C oven for free radical reaction. The membrane is then removed and immersed in room temperature water for phase inversion. After the membrane is completely cured, it is removed to obtain an organic-inorganic composite membrane. Example 2:

[0020] A method for preparing a high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane includes the following steps: First, as shown in Table 1, 100g of nano-zirconia particles were dispersed in 120mL of N-methylpyrrolidone solvent and dispersed at 2000r / min for 5h. Then, 2g of vinyltriethoxysilane was added to modify the zirconia, and the reaction was carried out at 80℃ for 8h. Then, 1g of butyl methacrylate and 0.005g of azobisisobutyronitrile were added, and the mixture was reacted for 2 hours. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, and 25g of polysulfone was added. The mixture was then fully dissolved at room temperature and rotated at 2500r / min for 4 hours. Finally, 2g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was added and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a uniformly dispersed casting solution.

[0021] Finally, the casting solution is coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) mesh supporting material, placed in a 70°C oven for free radical reaction, immersed in room temperature water for phase transformation, and removed after the membrane is completely cured to obtain an organic-inorganic composite membrane. Example 3:

[0022] A method for preparing a high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane includes the following steps: First, as shown in Table 1, 100g of nano-titanium dioxide particles were dispersed in 120mL of N,N-dimethylformamide solvent and dispersed at 2000r / min for 5h. Then, 2g of vinyltriethoxysilane was added to modify zirconium oxide and reacted at 80℃ for 8h. Then, 0.3g of methyl methacrylate and 0.005g of azobisisobutyronitrile were added, and the mixture was reacted for 2 hours. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, and 18g of polysulfone was added. The mixture was then fully dissolved at room temperature and a rotation speed of 2000r / min for 4 hours. Finally, 2g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was added and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a uniformly dispersed casting solution.

[0023] Finally, the casting solution is coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) mesh supporting material, and placed in a 70°C oven for free radical reaction. The membrane is then removed and immersed in water at 20°C for phase inversion. After the membrane is completely cured, it is removed to obtain an organic-inorganic composite membrane. Example 4:

[0024] A method for preparing a high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane includes the following steps: First, as shown in Table 1, 100g of nano-titanium dioxide particles were dispersed in 120mL of N-methylpyrrolidone solvent and dispersed at 2000r / min for 5h. Then, 2g of vinyltriethoxysilane was added to modify zirconium oxide and reacted at 80℃ for 8h. Then, 0.3 g of methyl methacrylate and 0.005 g of azobisisobutyronitrile were added, and the mixture was reacted for 2 h. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, and 25 g of polysulfone was added. The mixture was then fully dissolved at room temperature and rotated at 2500 r / min for 4 h. Finally, 2 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was added and stirred for 1 h to obtain a uniformly dispersed casting solution.

[0025] Finally, the casting solution is coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) mesh support material and left to stand in the air for pre-evaporation. It is then immersed in room temperature water for phase inversion. After the membrane has completely solidified, it is removed to obtain an organic-inorganic composite membrane. Example 5:

[0026] A method for preparing a high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane includes the following steps: First, as shown in Table 2, 120g of nano silica particles were dispersed in 120mL of N,N-dimethylformamide solvent and dispersed at 2000r / min for 5h. Then, 6g of vinyltrimethoxysilane was added to modify zirconium oxide and reacted at 80℃ for 8h. Then, add 0.5g of vinylpyrrolidone and 0.005g of azobisisobutyronitrile, react for 2h, cool to room temperature, add 15g of polysulfone, and dissolve fully at room temperature at 2000r / min for 4h. Add 2g of polyvinylpyrrolidone and stir for 1h to obtain a uniformly dispersed casting solution.

[0027] Finally, the casting solution is coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) mesh supporting material, and placed in an oven at 100°C for free radical reaction. The membrane is then removed and immersed in water at 10°C for phase inversion. After the membrane is completely cured, it is removed to obtain an organic-inorganic composite membrane. Example 6:

[0028] A method for preparing a high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane includes the following steps: First, as shown in Table 2, 100g of nano-titanium dioxide particles were dispersed in 120mL of N-methylpyrrolidone solvent and dispersed at 2000r / min for 5h. Then, 5g of vinyltriethoxysilane was added to modify zirconium oxide and reacted at 80℃ for 8h. Then, add 0.5g of vinylpyrrolidone and 0.005g of azobisisobutyronitrile, react for 2h, cool to room temperature, add 25g of polysulfone, and dissolve fully at room temperature with a rotation speed of 2500r / min for 4h. Add 2g of polyvinylpyrrolidone and stir for 1h to obtain a uniformly dispersed casting solution.

[0029] Finally, the casting solution is coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) mesh support material and left to stand in the air for pre-evaporation. It is then immersed in room temperature water for phase inversion. After the membrane has completely solidified, it is removed to obtain an organic-inorganic composite membrane. Example 7:

[0030] A method for preparing a high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane includes the following steps: First, as shown in Table 2, 120g of nano-titanium dioxide particles were dispersed in 120mL of N,N-dimethylformamide solvent and dispersed at 2000r / min for 5h. Then, 6g of acryloyloxytriisopropylsilane was added to modify the zirconium oxide and reacted at 80℃ for 8h. Then, 1g of ethylene glycol diacrylate and 0.005g of benzoyl peroxide were added, and the mixture was reacted for 2 hours. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, and 18g of polysulfone was added. The mixture was then fully dissolved at room temperature at a speed of 2000r / min for 4 hours. Finally, 2g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was added and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a uniformly dispersed casting solution.

[0031] Finally, the casting solution is coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) mesh supporting material, and placed in a 60°C oven for free radical reaction. The membrane is then removed and immersed in water at 20°C for phase inversion. After the membrane is completely cured, it is removed to obtain an organic-inorganic composite membrane. Example 8:

[0032] A method for preparing a high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane includes the following steps: First, as shown in Table 2, 100g of nano-zirconia particles were dispersed in 120mL of N-methylpyrrolidone solvent and dispersed at 2000r / min for 5h. Then, 5g of vinyltriethoxysilane was added to modify the zirconia, and the reaction was carried out at 80℃ for 8h. Then, 1g of ethylene glycol diacrylate and 0.005g of benzoyl peroxide were added, and the mixture was reacted for 2 hours. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, and 25g of polysulfone was added. The mixture was then fully dissolved at room temperature and a rotation speed of 2500r / min for 4 hours. Finally, 2g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was added and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a uniformly dispersed casting solution.

[0033] Finally, the casting solution is coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) mesh supporting material, placed in a 60°C oven for free radical reaction, immersed in room temperature water for phase transformation, and removed after the membrane is completely cured to obtain an organic-inorganic composite membrane. Example 9:

[0034] A method for preparing a high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane includes the following steps: First, as shown in Table 2, 100g of nano silica particles were dispersed in 120mL of N,N-dimethylformamide solvent and dispersed at 2000r / min for 5h. Then, 5g of acryloyloxytriisopropylsilane was added to modify the zirconium oxide and reacted at 80℃ for 8h. Then, 0.5g of ethylene glycol diacrylate and 0.005g of benzoyl peroxide were added, and the mixture was reacted for 2 hours. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, and 18g of polysulfone was added. The mixture was then fully dissolved at room temperature and a rotation speed of 2000r / min for 4 hours. Finally, 2g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was added and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a uniformly dispersed casting solution.

[0035] Finally, the casting solution is coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) mesh supporting material, and placed in an 80°C oven for free radical reaction. The membrane is then removed and immersed in water at 20°C for phase inversion. After the membrane is completely cured, it is removed to obtain an organic-inorganic composite membrane.

[0036] Comparative Example 1: A method for preparing an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane includes the following steps: First, as shown in Table 3, 150g of nano-zirconia particles were dispersed in 120mL of N,N-dimethylformamide solvent at 2000r / min for 5h. Then, 20g of polysulfone was added and dissolved completely at room temperature and 2500r / min for 4h. Next, 2g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was added and stirred for 1h to obtain a uniformly dispersed casting solution. Finally, the casting solution was coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) mesh support material and allowed to stand in air for pre-evaporation. It was then immersed in room temperature water for phase inversion. After the membrane was completely cured, it was removed to obtain an organic-inorganic composite membrane.

[0037] Comparative Example 2: A method for preparing an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane includes the following steps: First, as shown in Table 3, 100g of nano-zirconia particles were dispersed in 120mL of N-methylpyrrolidone solvent at 2000r / min for 5h. Then, 25g of polysulfone was added and dissolved completely at room temperature at 2500r / min for 4h. Next, 2g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was added and stirred for 1h to obtain a uniformly dispersed casting solution. Finally, the casting solution was coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) mesh support material, allowed to stand in air for pre-evaporation, and then immersed in water at room temperature for phase inversion. After the membrane was completely cured, it was removed to obtain an organic-inorganic composite membrane.

[0038] Comparative Example 3: A method for preparing an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane includes the following steps: First, as shown in Table 3, 150g of nano-titanium dioxide particles were dispersed in 120mL of N,N-dimethylformamide solvent and dispersed at 2000r / min for 5h. Vinyltriethoxysilane was added to modify the zirconium oxide, and the reaction was carried out at 80℃ for 8h. Then, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and 20g of polysulfone was added and dissolved completely at 2500r / min for 4h. 0.5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was added and stirred for 1h to obtain a uniformly dispersed casting solution. Finally, the casting solution was coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) mesh support material, and the membrane was immersed in room temperature water for phase inversion. After the membrane was completely cured, it was removed to obtain an organic-inorganic composite membrane.

[0039] Comparative Example 4: A method for preparing an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane includes the following steps: First, as shown in Table 3, 100g of nano-titanium dioxide particles were dispersed in 120mL of N-methylpyrrolidone solvent and dispersed at 2000r / min for 5h. Vinyltriethoxysilane was added to modify the zirconium oxide, and the reaction was carried out at 80℃ for 8h. Then, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and 25g of polysulfone was added and dissolved completely at room temperature and 2500r / min for 4h. 1g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was added and stirred for 1h to obtain a uniformly dispersed casting solution. Finally, the casting solution was coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) mesh support material and allowed to stand in air for pre-evaporation. It was then immersed in room temperature water for phase inversion. After the membrane was completely cured, it was removed to obtain an organic-inorganic composite membrane.

[0040] As shown in Table 4, the bending resistance of Examples 1 to 9 is superior to that of Comparative Examples 1 to 4. Comparative analysis shows that the toughness of the membrane is significantly improved after the grafting reaction of the soft-chain monomers. Comparing Examples 1 to 9, it was found that Examples 1, 3, 7, and 9 have better bending resistance. The principle behind this is that, firstly, the inorganic nanoparticles, after modification with a silane coupling agent, have improved compatibility with the organic system and better dispersibility. Zirconia is uniformly dispersed in the membrane, such as... Figure 1 As shown, (a) is a surface scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the composite membrane prepared in Example 1; (b) is a cross-sectional SEM image of the composite membrane prepared in Example 1. It can be seen that the added soft-chain monomers, after free radical polymerization to form long-chain polymers, form an interpenetrating network structure. The soft material itself can bridge the craters, and its own deformation can passivate the tips of the craters, preventing further expansion. The high-modulus polysulfone matrix can effectively constrain the size of the craters, preventing them from expanding indefinitely. The craters can only be confined to the area between particles. Ultimately, through the synergistic mechanism of "soft-chain polymer initiating multiple craters" and "polysulfone matrix supporting and terminating craters," the toughness of the material is significantly improved.

[0041] Table 1. Component information for Examples 1-4

[0042] Table 2 Component information for Examples 5-9

[0043] Table 3 Component information for Comparative Examples 1 to 4

[0044] Table 4 Test Performance Information

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane, characterized in that, The composition, by mass percentage, includes: 10wt%-30wt% polysulfone, 1wt%-20wt% soft segment monomer, 0.001wt%-0.1wt% catalyst, 1wt%-5wt% porogen, and 70wt%-90wt% inorganic nano-oxide particles modified with silane coupling agent, wherein the mass ratio of polysulfone to silane coupling agent modified inorganic nano-oxide particles is 1:3-8; the soft segment monomer includes long alkyl segments, ether bonds, and ester groups; the inorganic nano-oxide particles are any one or more of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, and zirconium dioxide, and the median particle size is D50 = 0.2μm-1μm.

2. The high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polysulfone is any one or more of polysulfone, sulfonated polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyarylene ethersulfone, tertiary aminated polysulfone, and chloromethyl polysulfone.

3. A high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The soft segment monomer is any one or more of methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, vinylpyrrolidone, ethylene glycol diacrylate, and trimethylolpropane triacrylate.

4. The high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The catalyst is azobisisobutyronitrile or benzoyl peroxide; the porogen is polyvinylpyrrolidone and / or polyvinyl alcohol.

5. The high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of the silane coupling agent is 0.5wt%~2wt%; the silane coupling agent is any one or more of acryloyloxytriisopropylsilane, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)methacrylate, vinyltriethoxysilane, and vinyltrimethoxysilane.

6. A method for preparing a high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane, used to prepare the high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Prepare the casting solution; Inorganic nano-oxide particles modified with silane coupling agent were dispersed in a solvent to prepare a dispersion. Then, soft-chain monomers and catalysts are added to the dispersion and mixed evenly at a speed of 1500~3000 r / min for 2~8 h; then, polysulfone and pore-forming agent are added in sequence and stirred evenly; finally, degassing treatment is performed to prepare a uniformly dispersed casting solution. Step S2: Prepare the composite membrane; The casting solution prepared in step S1 is coated onto both sides of the polyphenylene sulfide mesh and transferred to an oven for thermally initiated polymerization. The oven temperature is 50~120℃ and the holding time is 0.5~5min. After polymerization is completed, it is immersed in a coagulation bath for phase transformation. The temperature of the coagulation bath is 10~50℃. Finally, the composite membrane is prepared.

7. The method for preparing a high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the preparation of silane coupling agent modified inorganic nano-oxide particles includes the following steps: Step A1: Disperse the inorganic nano-oxide particles in a solvent and stir evenly at a speed of 1500~2500 r / min for 1~5 h to ensure thorough dispersion; the mass ratio of the inorganic nano-oxide to the solvent is 1:0.8~1.

5. Step A2: Add silane coupling agent to carry out modification reaction, and the reaction temperature is 50~100℃, and the reaction time is 2~8h.

8. The method for preparing a high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step A1, the solvent is any one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethanol, and water.

9. The method for preparing a high-toughness alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production composite membrane according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, the coagulation bath is water and / or ethanol.

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