Hydrogen production system and temperature control method and device thereof, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen production system and a temperature control method and device thereof, a storage medium and a program product. The temperature control method of the hydrogen production system comprises the steps that a power instruction and equipment attribute parameters of an electrolytic bath in a preset time domain are obtained; wherein the preset time domain comprises a plurality of continuous preset time periods, and the power instruction comprises sub-power instructions corresponding to the preset time periods; inputting each sub-power instruction into an optimized temperature control model, and calculating a valve opening instruction corresponding to each preset time period according to the equipment attribute parameters by taking the deviation between the electrolytic bath temperature and the target temperature in the minimum preset time domain as a target; and the valve opening instruction in the preset time domain is issued to the hydrogen production equipment, so that the hydrogen production equipment is controlled to operate in the preset time domain based on the power instruction and the valve opening instruction. According to the technical scheme, the deviation between the temperature of the electrolytic bath and the target temperature can be reduced, and the hydrogen production efficiency of the hydrogen production equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrolytic hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a hydrogen production system and its temperature control method, apparatus, storage medium and program product. Background Technology

[0002] With the decline in renewable energy costs and the increase in demand for hydrogen energy applications, the water electrolysis hydrogen production industry is developing rapidly.

[0003] In existing hydrogen production systems, the commonly used control methods for cooling water valves are based on PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control strategies or model predictive control (MPC) strategies. In these systems, if the source is a new energy source, the volatility of power generation leads to increased power fluctuations in the electrolyzer. Traditional cooling water valve control strategies cannot predict the electrolyzer's power output over a long timeframe. This results in significant temperature oscillations around the target temperature, reducing hydrogen production efficiency and, in severe cases, causing overheating and compromising the electrolyzer's operational safety and lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a hydrogen production system and its temperature control method, apparatus, storage medium and program product, to reduce the deviation between the electrolyzer temperature and the target temperature and improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the hydrogen production equipment.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a temperature control method for a hydrogen production system is provided, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the power command and equipment attribute parameters of the electrolyzer within a preset time domain; wherein, the preset time domain includes multiple consecutive preset time periods, the power command includes sub-power commands corresponding to each preset time period, and the equipment attribute parameters characterize the operating status of the hydrogen production equipment;

[0007] Each of the sub-power commands is input into the optimized temperature control model, with the goal of minimizing the deviation between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature within the preset time domain. The valve opening command corresponding to each preset time period is calculated based on the equipment attribute parameters. The optimized temperature control model characterizes the relationship between the valve opening and the electrolytic cell temperature.

[0008] The valve opening command within the preset time domain is sent to the hydrogen production equipment to control the operation of the hydrogen production equipment within the preset time domain based on the power command and the valve opening command.

[0009] Optionally, the step of inputting each of the sub-power commands into the optimized temperature control model, with the objective of minimizing the deviation between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature, and calculating the valve opening command corresponding to each of the preset time periods based on the equipment attribute parameters, includes:

[0010] Based on the equipment attribute parameters, a first constraint and a second constraint are determined for the optimized temperature control model; wherein, the first constraint is used to define the temperature deviation variable, and the second constraint establishes the relationship between the valve opening and the electrolytic cell temperature; the temperature deviation variable represents the deviation from the target temperature.

[0011] With the goal of minimizing the deviation between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature within the preset time domain, an optimized temperature control model is established based on the temperature deviation variable and preset weighting coefficients.

[0012] Each of the sub-power commands is input into the optimized temperature control model, and based on the second constraint, the valve opening command corresponding to each preset time period is calculated.

[0013] Optionally, the temperature deviation variable includes a positive temperature deviation variable and a negative temperature deviation variable;

[0014] The method for determining the first constraint includes:

[0015] Within each of the preset time periods, the difference between the positive temperature deviation variable and the negative temperature deviation variable is equal to the difference between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature;

[0016] Wherein, both the positive temperature deviation variable and the negative temperature deviation variable are greater than or equal to 0.

[0017] Optionally, the equipment attribute parameters include attribute parameter constants and attribute parameter variables of the hydrogen production equipment; the attribute parameter constants include the heat capacity of the electrolyzer, and the attribute parameter variables include the temperature difference of the electrolyzer between two adjacent preset time periods, the heat generation power of the electrolyzer, the heat dissipation power of the electrolyzer, and the cooling power.

[0018] The method for determining the second constraint includes:

[0019] A heat balance equation for the electrolytic cell is established based on the heat capacity of the electrolytic cell, the temperature difference between two adjacent preset time periods, the heat generation power of the electrolytic cell, the heat dissipation power of the electrolytic cell, and the cooling power.

[0020] Based on the heat balance equation of the electrolytic cell, establish the constraint relationship between the attribute parameter variables in the heat balance equation.

[0021] Optionally, establishing the constraint relationships between the attribute parameter variables in the heat balance equation based on the heat balance equation of the electrolytic cell includes:

[0022] Based on the high calorific value of hydrogen, a constraint relationship is established between the heat generation power of the electrolyzer, the hydrogen production rate, and the sub-power command within each preset time period.

[0023] Based on the thermal resistance of the electrolytic cell and the ambient temperature, a constraint relationship between the heat dissipation power of the electrolytic cell and the temperature of the electrolytic cell is established within each preset time period;

[0024] Based on the heat capacity of cooling water and the inlet temperature of cooling water, a constraint relationship is established between the cooling power, the outlet temperature of cooling water, and the valve opening during each preset time period.

[0025] Based on the cooling water inlet temperature and the heat transfer parameters of the heat exchanger, a constraint relationship is established between the cooling power, the cooling water outlet temperature, and the electrolytic cell temperature within each preset time period; wherein the electrolytic cell temperature is greater than or equal to the cooling water outlet temperature.

[0026] Optionally, the method for calculating the hydrogen production rate includes:

[0027] Based on preset fitting coefficients, the relationship between the hydrogen production rate and the sub-power command and the electrolyzer temperature is established within each preset time period.

[0028] Optionally, the method for calculating the constraint relationship between the cooling power, the cooling water outlet temperature, and the valve opening during each of the preset time periods includes:

[0029] The valve opening degree is calculated by performing a linear transformation using the McCormick envelope method in the convex relaxation method.

[0030] According to another aspect of this application, a temperature control device for a hydrogen production system is provided, characterized in that it comprises:

[0031] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the power command and equipment attribute parameters of the electrolyzer within a preset time domain; wherein, the preset time domain includes multiple consecutive preset time periods, the power command includes sub-power commands corresponding to each preset time period, and the equipment attribute parameters characterize the operating status of the hydrogen production equipment;

[0032] The valve opening calculation module is used to input each of the sub-power commands into the optimized temperature control model, with the goal of minimizing the deviation between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature within the preset time domain, and to calculate the valve opening command corresponding to each preset time period based on the equipment attribute parameters; wherein, the optimized temperature control model characterizes the relationship between the valve opening and the electrolytic cell temperature;

[0033] The operation control module is used to send the valve opening command within the preset time domain to the hydrogen production equipment, so as to control the operation of the hydrogen production equipment within the preset time domain based on the power command and the valve opening command.

[0034] According to another aspect of this application, a hydrogen production system is provided, including: an energy management module, a hydrogen production device, and a temperature control device for the hydrogen production system as described in the second aspect embodiment;

[0035] The power management module is used to formulate power commands for the electrolyzer within a preset time domain and send them to the temperature control device of the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen production equipment.

[0036] The temperature control device of the hydrogen production system is used to input the received power command into the optimized temperature control model, calculate the valve opening command in the preset time domain with the goal of minimizing the deviation between the electrolyzer temperature and the target temperature in the preset time domain, and send it to the hydrogen production equipment.

[0037] The hydrogen production equipment is used to operate according to the valve opening command and the power command.

[0038] According to another aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to execute and implement the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system according to any embodiment of this application.

[0039] According to another aspect of this application, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a temperature control method for a hydrogen production system according to any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0040] The temperature control method for a hydrogen production system provided in this application obtains the power command and equipment attribute parameters of the electrolyzer within a preset time domain. The preset time domain includes multiple consecutive preset time periods, and the power command includes sub-power commands corresponding to each preset time period. Each sub-power command is input into an optimized temperature control model. Without considering only the temperature control effect or the combined control of the electrolyzer power characteristics, the goal is to minimize the deviation between the electrolyzer temperature and the target temperature within the preset time domain. Based on the equipment attribute parameters, the valve opening value corresponding to each preset time period is calculated, generating a valve opening command. Both the calculated valve opening command and the pre-defined power command are sent to the hydrogen production equipment to control it to operate according to the corresponding valve opening command and sub-power command within the preset time period. This avoids large fluctuations in the electrolyzer temperature near the target temperature, prevents overheating due to poor temperature control, ensures the safe operation and service life of the electrolyzer, and improves the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolyzer.

[0041] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this application. Other features of this application will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a temperature control method for a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specific process of step S120 in a temperature control method for a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the specific process of step S121 in a temperature control method for a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature control device for a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen production system provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0051] As described in the background section, the commonly used control methods for cooling water valves in existing hydrogen production systems are based on PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control strategies, which control the valve opening based on past and current temperatures to control the electrolyzer temperature; or model predictive control (MPC) strategies, which use the current state as feedback to predict the future short-term temperature and intervene in advance to achieve a more stable temperature control effect. The traditional model for temperature control using PID control strategies can be represented by expression (1), which can be expressed in the following form:

[0052]

[0053] Where ξ is the valve opening degree, and T min ,T max ,K 1 ,K 2 These are the temperature threshold for valve opening and the weighting coefficient for temperature status, which are parameters that need to be designed based on experience.

[0054] Traditional PID-based control strategies require pre-designing different parameter values ​​depending on the design of the hydrogen production system. This parameter design necessitates experienced personnel, and the parameter values ​​largely determine the effectiveness of electrolyzer temperature control. Furthermore, traditional cooling water valve control strategies cannot anticipate long-term electrolyzer power fluctuations, leading to significant temperature oscillations around the target temperature. This reduces hydrogen production efficiency and, in severe cases, can cause overheating, jeopardizing the electrolyzer's operational safety and lifespan.

[0055] Based on the above technical problems, the embodiments of this application provide the following technical solutions:

[0056] This application provides a temperature control method for a hydrogen production system. Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a temperature control method for a hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of this application. This embodiment is applicable to situations where the temperature of the electrolyzer in a hydrogen production system is optimized and controlled. The method can be executed by a temperature control device for the hydrogen production system, which can be implemented in hardware and / or software and can be configured in a computer or server. Figure 1 As shown, the temperature control method of this hydrogen production system specifically includes the following steps:

[0057] S110. Obtain the power command and equipment attribute parameters of the electrolyzer within a preset time domain; wherein, the preset time domain includes multiple consecutive preset time periods, the power command includes sub-power commands corresponding to each preset time period, and the equipment attribute parameters characterize the operating status of the hydrogen production equipment.

[0058] The preset time domain can be a future period of time, and can be divided into multiple preset time periods in chronological order. The length of each preset time period can be set by the user according to actual conditions, and is not limited here. The temperature control method of the hydrogen production system provided in this application embodiment can control the temperature of the electrolyzer in each preset time period within the preset time domain. The power command is the power calculated and determined based on the operating status of the electrolyzer in each preset time period within the future preset time domain. Each consecutive preset time period corresponds to a corresponding sub-power command, therefore, the power command can include multiple sub-power commands. The equipment attribute parameters are parameters characterizing the relevant operating status of the hydrogen production equipment in the hydrogen production system. For example, the equipment attribute parameters can include the heat capacity of the electrolyzer, the thermal resistance of the electrolyzer, the heat capacity of the cooling water, and the inlet temperature of the cooling water, etc., and are not limited here.

[0059] S120. Input each sub-power command into the optimized temperature control model. With the goal of minimizing the deviation between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature within the preset time domain, calculate the valve opening command corresponding to each preset time period based on the equipment attribute parameters. The optimized temperature control model characterizes the relationship between the valve opening and the electrolytic cell temperature.

[0060] For example, the optimized temperature control model is a model establishing the relationship between valve opening and electrolyzer temperature with the objective of minimizing the deviation between the electrolyzer temperature and the target temperature within a preset time domain. In other words, minimizing the deviation between the electrolyzer temperature and the target temperature yields the corresponding valve opening at the appropriate electrolyzer temperature, allowing for valve opening control at each preset time period. By decoupling the power commands corresponding to each preset time period from the electrolyzer temperature control, the optimized temperature control model can consider the electrolyzer's future power consumption characteristics within the preset time domain while only controlling the electrolyzer temperature, eliminating the need for joint control with the electrolyzer's power characteristics. This decoupling of the joint control problem reduces the scale of each discrete sub-problem, thus accelerating the solution. Based on the optimized temperature control model and equipment attribute parameters, the valve opening corresponding to minimizing the deviation between the electrolyzer temperature and the target temperature is calculated, achieving stable temperature control, which helps improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolyzer and ensures the electrolyzer's operational safety and service life.

[0061] S130: Send the valve opening command within the preset time domain to the hydrogen production equipment to control the operation of the hydrogen production equipment within the preset time domain based on the power command and the valve opening command.

[0062] For example, based on the calculated valve opening degree corresponding to each preset time period within a preset time domain, valve opening commands are sent to the hydrogen production equipment in consecutive preset time periods, and sub-power commands corresponding to each preset time period are also sent to the hydrogen production equipment. According to the sub-power commands and valve opening commands for the corresponding preset time periods, the hydrogen production equipment is controlled to operate within the corresponding preset time domain to reach the corresponding temperature. This avoids large fluctuations in the electrolyzer temperature near the target temperature, prevents overheating due to poor temperature control, ensures the safe operation and service life of the electrolyzer, and helps improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolyzer.

[0063] The temperature control method for a hydrogen production system provided in this application obtains the power command and equipment attribute parameters of the electrolyzer within a preset time domain. The preset time domain includes multiple consecutive preset time periods, and the power command includes sub-power commands corresponding to each preset time period. Each sub-power command is input into an optimized temperature control model. Without considering only the temperature control effect or the combined control of the electrolyzer power characteristics, the goal is to minimize the deviation between the electrolyzer temperature and the target temperature within the preset time domain. Based on the equipment attribute parameters, the valve opening value corresponding to each preset time period is calculated, generating a valve opening command. Both the calculated valve opening command and the pre-defined power command are sent to the hydrogen production equipment to control it to operate according to the corresponding valve opening command and sub-power command within the preset time period. This avoids large fluctuations in the electrolyzer temperature near the target temperature, prevents overheating due to poor temperature control, ensures the safe operation and service life of the electrolyzer, and improves the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolyzer.

[0064] Optionally, Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating step S120 of a temperature control method for a hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of this application. Based on the above embodiments, as follows... Figure 2 As shown, step S120 of the temperature control method for the hydrogen production system involves inputting each sub-power command into the optimized temperature control model to minimize the deviation between the electrolyzer temperature and the target temperature. The valve opening command corresponding to each preset time period is calculated based on the equipment attribute parameters. Specifically, this includes the following steps:

[0065] S121. Based on the equipment attribute parameters, determine the first and second constraints of the optimized temperature control model; wherein, the first constraint is used to define the temperature deviation variable, and the second constraint establishes the relationship between the valve opening and the electrolytic cell temperature; the temperature deviation variable represents the deviation from the target temperature.

[0066] For example, based on the relevant equipment attribute parameters of the hydrogen production equipment, a first constraint and a second constraint are determined when calculating the temperature deviation variable between the electrolyzer temperature and the target temperature. The first constraint uses an auxiliary variable to define the temperature deviation variable between the electrolyzer temperature and the target temperature, while the second constraint characterizes the relationship between the valve opening degree of the electrolyzer and the electrolyzer temperature.

[0067] S122. With the goal of minimizing the deviation between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature within the preset time domain, an optimized temperature control model is established based on the temperature deviation variable and the preset weight coefficient.

[0068] The preset weighting coefficient is a coefficient used to calculate the deviation between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature within a preset time domain based on the temperature deviation variable. The preset weighting coefficient can be adjusted to minimize the sum of the deviations between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature for each preset time period within the preset time domain. An optimized temperature control model can be established based on the temperature deviation variable for each preset time period and the preset weighting coefficient. For example, the optimized temperature control model can be represented by expression (2), which can be expressed in the following form:

[0069]

[0070] Where t represents time; T represents the total number of preset time periods; These represent auxiliary variables representing the positive and negative temperature deviation variables, respectively; α + ,α - These are the weighting coefficients for the positive and negative temperature deviation variables, respectively, and both are greater than 0.

[0071] According to expression (2), the optimized temperature control model is a mathematical model that minimizes the sum of deviations between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature for each preset time period within the preset time domain. This represents the portion of the electrolytic cell temperature that is higher than the target temperature, i.e., the positive temperature deviation variable. This represents the portion of the electrolytic cell temperature that is lower than the target temperature, i.e., the negative temperature deviation variable. This can be adjusted by α. + and α - To control the waveform of the electrolytic cell temperature; for example, when When the temperature increases, the tendency is to control the electrolytic cell temperature fluctuations within a range below the target temperature; when When the temperature drops, the tendency is to keep the temperature fluctuation of the electrolytic cell within a range higher than the target temperature.

[0072] For example, the method for determining the first constraint condition may include the following steps:

[0073] Within each preset time period, the difference between the positive temperature deviation variable and the negative temperature deviation variable is equal to the difference between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature; wherein, both the positive temperature deviation variable and the negative temperature deviation variable are greater than or equal to 0.

[0074] For example, the first constraint condition can be represented by expression (3), wherein expression (3) can be expressed in the following form:

[0075]

[0076] in, T represents the temperature of the electrolytic cell within a preset time period t; aim This indicates the target temperature for controlling the temperature of the electrolytic cell.

[0077] In the first constraint condition, the constraints on the positive and negative temperature deviation variables can be represented by expression (4). Expression (4) can be expressed in the following form:

[0078]

[0079] S123. Input each sub-power command into the optimized temperature control model, and calculate the valve opening command corresponding to each preset time period based on the second constraint condition.

[0080] For example, the sub-power commands corresponding to each preset time period are input into the optimized temperature control model. Using an operations research algorithm and based on the second constraint, the valve opening value that prevents significant temperature fluctuations near the target temperature in the electrolyzer can be calculated, taking into account the electrolyzer power characteristics for future preset time periods, thus generating the valve opening command. Since this method does not require complex parameter tuning, it is applicable to temperature control of hydrogen production equipment with different parameters, thereby improving the temperature control effect of the electrolyzer, increasing hydrogen production efficiency, preventing overheating, and ensuring the safe operation and service life of the electrolyzer.

[0081] Optionally, the equipment attribute parameters may include attribute parameter constants and attribute parameter variables for the hydrogen production equipment; wherein, the attribute parameter constants are fixed values ​​related to the hydrogen production equipment; while the attribute parameter variables are variable attribute values ​​related to the hydrogen production equipment, which can represent the operating status of the hydrogen production equipment. Attribute parameter constants include the heat capacity of the electrolyzer, and attribute parameter variables may include the temperature difference of the electrolyzer between two adjacent preset time periods, the heat generation power of the electrolyzer, the heat dissipation power of the electrolyzer, and the cooling power. Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating step S121 of a temperature control method for a hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of this application. Based on the above embodiments, as follows... Figure 3 As shown, the method for determining the second constraint in step S121 specifically includes the following steps:

[0082] S1211. Based on the heat capacity of the electrolytic cell, the temperature difference between two adjacent preset time periods, the heat generation power of the electrolytic cell, the heat dissipation power of the electrolytic cell, and the cooling power, establish the heat balance equation of the electrolytic cell.

[0083] For example, the heat balance equation of the electrolytic cell established based on the relevant parameters in the equipment attribute parameters can be represented by expression (5), which can be expressed in the following form:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, C ez Indicates the heat capacity of the electrolytic cell; This indicates the temperature of the electrolytic cell within the preset time period t+1; Indicates electrochemical heat generation power; Indicates the heat dissipation power of the electrolytic cell environment; This indicates the cooling power.

[0086] S1212. Based on the heat balance equation of the electrolytic cell, establish the constraint relationship between the attribute parameter variables in the heat balance equation.

[0087] For example, based on the heat balance equation of the electrolytic cell, the constraint relationships of each attribute parameter variable can be established through the following steps:

[0088] Based on the high calorific value of hydrogen, a constraint relationship is established between the electrolyzer's heat production power, hydrogen production rate, and sub-power commands within each preset time period.

[0089] The above constraint relationship can be represented by expression (6), which can be expressed in the following form:

[0090]

[0091] in, This represents the electrical power consumption of the electrolytic cell within a preset time period t; Indicates the hydrogen production rate; HHV represents the higher calorific value of hydrogen; η F This represents parasitic current loss, for example: η F The possible value is 0.95, and there is no restriction on it.

[0092] The method for calculating the hydrogen production rate may include the following steps:

[0093] Based on preset fitting coefficients, the relationship between hydrogen production rate, sub-power command, and electrolyzer temperature is established within each preset time period.

[0094] For example, the relationship between hydrogen production rate and electrolyzer power and electrolyzer temperature can be represented by expression (7), which can be expressed in the following form:

[0095]

[0096] Where a, b, c, d, e, f represent preset fitting coefficients, for example: a = 8.094 × 10 -4 b = -2.466 × 10 -2 c = 8.762, d = 2.37 × 10 -2 e = -1.293 × 10 -3 f = 0, which is not restricted here.

[0097] The hydrogen production rate represented by expression (7) can be transformed into a second-order cone form for solution.

[0098] Based on the thermal resistance of the electrolytic cell and the ambient temperature, a constraint relationship between the heat dissipation power of the electrolytic cell and the temperature of the electrolytic cell is established within each preset time period.

[0099] For example, the constraint relationship between the heat dissipation power of the electrolytic cell and the temperature of the electrolytic cell can be represented by expression (8), which can be expressed in the following form:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, R ez Indicates the thermal resistance of the electrolytic cell; Indicates ambient temperature.

[0102] Based on the heat capacity and inlet temperature of the cooling water, a constraint relationship is established between the cooling power, the outlet temperature of the cooling water, and the valve opening in each preset time period.

[0103] For example, the constraint relationship between cooling power, cooling water outlet temperature, and valve opening can be represented by expression (9), which can be expressed in the following form:

[0104]

[0105] Among them, C cw Indicates the heat capacity of cooling water; Indicates the cooling water outlet temperature; Indicates the inlet temperature of the cooling water; ξ t Indicates the valve opening degree.

[0106] Based on the cooling water inlet temperature and heat exchanger heat transfer parameters, a constraint relationship is established between the cooling power, cooling water outlet temperature, and electrolytic cell temperature in each preset time period; wherein, the electrolytic cell temperature is greater than or equal to the cooling water outlet temperature.

[0107] For example, the constraint relationship between cooling power and cooling water outlet temperature and electrolytic cell temperature can be represented by expressions (10) and (11), which can be expressed in the following form:

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] Where U represents the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger; A represents the heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchanger; the constraint relationship represented by expression (11) ensures that the outlet temperature of the cooling water after heat exchange is not higher than the temperature of the electrolytic cell.

[0111] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the calculation method for the constraint relationship between cooling power, cooling water outlet temperature, and valve opening can include the following steps:

[0112] The McCormick envelope method in the convex relaxation approach is used for linear transformation to calculate the valve opening.

[0113] Since expression (9) contains a bilinear term. However, bilinear terms are inconvenient to calculate in the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system provided in this application embodiment. Therefore, it is necessary to convert the bilinear terms into linear terms for calculation. For example, the McCormick envelope method in convex relaxation methods can be used to convert the bilinear terms into linear terms. Linearization of bilinear terms.

[0114] Specifically, first, add the artificial variable λ. t And add artificial variable λ t Constraints, and the artificial variable λ t Replace the bilinear term in expression (9). For example, the above constraint can be represented by expression (12), which can be expressed in the following form:

[0115]

[0116] The expression (9) containing bilinear terms can be converted into the form of expression (13) containing only linear terms. Expression (13) can be expressed in the following form:

[0117]

[0118] The McCormick envelope after applying the convex relaxation method can be represented by expressions (14) to (16), which can be expressed in the following form:

[0119]

[0120] ξ U ≥ξ t ≥ξ L ,t=1,...,T (15)

[0121]

[0122] Where, ξ U ,ξ L These represent the upper and lower limits of the valve opening, respectively. For example, ξ can be set. U =1,ξ L =0, no restrictions are imposed here; These represent the upper and lower limits of the cooling water outlet temperature during the preset time period t, respectively.

[0123] This application also provides a temperature control device for a hydrogen production system. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature control device for a hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the temperature control device 100 of the hydrogen production system includes:

[0124] The data acquisition module 101 is used to acquire the power command and equipment attribute parameters of the electrolyzer within a preset time domain; wherein, the preset time domain includes multiple consecutive preset time periods, the power command includes sub-power commands corresponding to each preset time period, and the equipment attribute parameters characterize the operating status of the hydrogen production equipment;

[0125] The valve opening calculation module 102 is used to input each sub-power command into the optimized temperature control model, with the goal of minimizing the deviation between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature within a preset time domain, and to calculate the valve opening command corresponding to each preset time period based on the equipment attribute parameters; wherein, the optimized temperature control model characterizes the relationship between the valve opening and the electrolytic cell temperature.

[0126] The operation control module 103 is used to send valve opening commands within a preset time domain to the hydrogen production equipment, so as to control the operation of the hydrogen production equipment within the preset time domain based on the power command and the valve opening command.

[0127] The temperature control device for the hydrogen production system provided in this application embodiment can execute the temperature control method for the hydrogen production system provided in any embodiment of this application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of executing the method. Specifically, the data acquisition module 101 acquires the power command and equipment attribute parameters of the electrolyzer within a preset time domain. The valve opening calculation module 102 inputs each sub-power command into the optimized temperature control model. Under the condition that only the temperature control effect needs to be considered and there is no need to control in conjunction with the power characteristics of the electrolyzer, the objective is to minimize the deviation between the electrolyzer temperature and the target temperature within the preset time domain, and calculates the valve opening command corresponding to each preset time period according to the equipment attribute parameters. The operation control module 103 sends the valve opening command within the preset time domain to the hydrogen production equipment to control the operation of the hydrogen production equipment within the preset time domain based on the power command and the valve opening command. This can avoid large fluctuations in the electrolyzer temperature near the target temperature, prevent the electrolyzer from overheating due to poor temperature control, ensure the safe operation and service life of the electrolyzer, and help improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolyzer.

[0128] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the valve opening calculation module 102 includes:

[0129] The constraint determination unit is used to determine the first and second constraints of the optimized temperature control model based on the equipment attribute parameters. The first constraint is used to define the temperature deviation variable, and the second constraint establishes the relationship between the valve opening and the electrolytic cell temperature. The temperature deviation variable represents the deviation from the target temperature.

[0130] The model building unit is used to build an optimized temperature control model based on the temperature deviation variable and preset weighting coefficients, with the goal of minimizing the deviation between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature within a preset time domain.

[0131] The valve opening calculation unit is used to input each sub-power command into the optimized temperature control model and, based on the second constraint, calculate the valve opening command corresponding to each preset time period.

[0132] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the constraint determination unit includes:

[0133] A heat balance equation establishment subunit is used to establish the heat balance equation of the electrolytic cell based on the heat capacity of the electrolytic cell, the temperature difference between two adjacent preset time periods, the heat generation power of the electrolytic cell, the heat dissipation power of the electrolytic cell, and the cooling power.

[0134] The constraint relationship establishment sub-unit is used to establish the constraint relationship between the attribute parameter variables in the heat balance equation based on the heat balance equation of the electrolytic cell.

[0135] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the constraint relationship establishment sub-unit is further used for:

[0136] Based on the high calorific value of hydrogen, a constraint relationship is established between the electrolyzer heat production power, hydrogen production rate, and sub-power commands in each preset time period.

[0137] Based on the thermal resistance of the electrolytic cell and the ambient temperature, a constraint relationship between the heat dissipation power of the electrolytic cell and the temperature of the electrolytic cell is established in each preset time period.

[0138] Based on the heat capacity and inlet temperature of cooling water, a constraint relationship is established between the cooling power, outlet temperature of cooling water, and valve opening in each preset time period.

[0139] Based on the cooling water inlet temperature and heat exchanger heat transfer parameters, a constraint relationship is established between the cooling power, cooling water outlet temperature, and electrolytic cell temperature in each preset time period; wherein, the electrolytic cell temperature is greater than or equal to the cooling water outlet temperature.

[0140] This application also provides a hydrogen production system. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5As shown, the hydrogen production system 110 includes: an energy management module 111, a hydrogen production device 112, and a temperature control device 100 for the hydrogen production system.

[0141] The power management module 111 is used to formulate power commands for the electrolyzer within a preset time domain and send them to the temperature control device 100 and the hydrogen production equipment 112 of the hydrogen production system. The temperature control device 100 of the hydrogen production system is used to input the received power commands into the optimized temperature control model, calculate the valve opening commands within the preset time domain with the goal of minimizing the deviation between the electrolyzer temperature and the target temperature, and send them to the hydrogen production equipment 112. The hydrogen production equipment 112 is used to operate according to the valve opening commands and the power commands.

[0142] The hydrogen production system provided in this application adopts the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system provided in any of the above embodiments. Taking into account the power characteristics of the electrolyzer in the future preset time domain, the temperature of the electrolyzer is controlled by calculating the valve opening. This can avoid large fluctuations in the temperature of the electrolyzer near the target temperature, prevent the electrolyzer from overheating due to poor temperature control, ensure the safe operation and service life of the electrolyzer, and help improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolyzer.

[0143] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium and a computer program product. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided for an embodiment of this application. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present application described and / or claimed herein.

[0144] like Figure 6As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12 or a random access memory (RAM) 13, communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor. The processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on the computer program stored in the ROM 12 or loaded from storage unit 18 into the RAM 13. The RAM 13 may also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10. The processor 11, ROM 12, and RAM 13 are interconnected via a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0145] Multiple components in electronic device 10 are connected to I / O interface 15, including: input unit 16, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; storage unit 18, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 19, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 19 allows electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0146] Processor 11 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as temperature control methods in a hydrogen production system.

[0147] In some embodiments, the temperature control method for the hydrogen production system may be implemented as a computer program tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on electronic device 10 via ROM 12 and / or communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 13 and executed by processor 11, one or more steps of the temperature control method for the hydrogen production system described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 11 may be configured to perform the temperature control method for the hydrogen production system by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0148] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0149] Computer programs used to implement the methods of this application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor, the computer programs cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be performed. The computer programs may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, or as a standalone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0150] In the context of this application, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium can be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0151] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0152] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or computing systems that include middleware components (e.g., application servers), or computing systems that include frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.

[0153] A computing system can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact through communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a hosting product within the cloud computing service system to address the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability.

[0154] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this application can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0155] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A temperature control method for a hydrogen production system, characterized in that, include: Obtain the power command and equipment attribute parameters of the electrolyzer within a preset time domain; wherein, the preset time domain includes multiple consecutive preset time periods, the power command includes sub-power commands corresponding to each preset time period, and the equipment attribute parameters characterize the operating status of the hydrogen production equipment; Each of the sub-power commands is input into the optimized temperature control model, with the goal of minimizing the deviation between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature within the preset time domain. The valve opening command corresponding to each preset time period is calculated based on the equipment attribute parameters. The optimized temperature control model characterizes the relationship between the valve opening and the electrolytic cell temperature. The valve opening command within the preset time domain is sent to the hydrogen production equipment to control the operation of the hydrogen production equipment within the preset time domain based on the power command and the valve opening command.

2. The temperature control method for the hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of inputting each of the sub-power commands into the optimized temperature control model, with the objective of minimizing the deviation between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature, and calculating the valve opening command corresponding to each preset time period based on the equipment attribute parameters, includes: Based on the equipment attribute parameters, a first constraint and a second constraint are determined for the optimized temperature control model; wherein, the first constraint is used to define the temperature deviation variable, and the second constraint establishes the relationship between the valve opening and the electrolytic cell temperature; the temperature deviation variable represents the deviation from the target temperature. With the goal of minimizing the deviation between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature within the preset time domain, an optimized temperature control model is established based on the temperature deviation variable and preset weighting coefficients. Each of the sub-power commands is input into the optimized temperature control model, and based on the second constraint, the valve opening command corresponding to each preset time period is calculated.

3. The temperature control method for the hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature deviation variables include positive temperature deviation variables and negative temperature deviation variables; The method for determining the first constraint includes: Within each of the preset time periods, the difference between the positive temperature deviation variable and the negative temperature deviation variable is equal to the difference between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature; Wherein, both the positive temperature deviation variable and the negative temperature deviation variable are greater than or equal to 0.

4. The temperature control method for the hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The equipment attribute parameters include attribute parameter constants and attribute parameter variables of the hydrogen production equipment; the attribute parameter constants include the heat capacity of the electrolyzer, and the attribute parameter variables include the temperature difference of the electrolyzer between two adjacent preset time periods, the heat generation power of the electrolyzer, the heat dissipation power of the electrolyzer, and the cooling power. The method for determining the second constraint includes: A heat balance equation for the electrolytic cell is established based on the heat capacity of the electrolytic cell, the temperature difference between two adjacent preset time periods, the heat generation power of the electrolytic cell, the heat dissipation power of the electrolytic cell, and the cooling power. Based on the heat balance equation of the electrolytic cell, establish the constraint relationship between the attribute parameter variables in the heat balance equation.

5. The temperature control method for the hydrogen production system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of establishing the constraint relationships between the attribute parameter variables in the heat balance equation based on the heat balance equation of the electrolytic cell includes: Based on the high calorific value of hydrogen, a constraint relationship is established between the heat generation power of the electrolyzer, the hydrogen production rate, and the sub-power command within each preset time period. Based on the thermal resistance of the electrolytic cell and the ambient temperature, a constraint relationship between the heat dissipation power of the electrolytic cell and the temperature of the electrolytic cell is established within each preset time period; Based on the heat capacity of cooling water and the inlet temperature of cooling water, a constraint relationship is established between the cooling power, the outlet temperature of cooling water, and the valve opening during each preset time period. Based on the cooling water inlet temperature and the heat transfer parameters of the heat exchanger, a constraint relationship is established between the cooling power, the cooling water outlet temperature, and the electrolytic cell temperature within each preset time period; wherein the electrolytic cell temperature is greater than or equal to the cooling water outlet temperature.

6. The temperature control method for the hydrogen production system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for calculating the hydrogen production rate includes: Based on preset fitting coefficients, the relationship between the hydrogen production rate and the sub-power command and the electrolyzer temperature is established within each preset time period.

7. The temperature control method for a hydrogen production system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The calculation method for the constraint relationship between the cooling power, cooling water outlet temperature, and valve opening during each preset time period includes: The valve opening degree is calculated by performing a linear transformation using the McCormick envelope method in the convex relaxation method.

8. A temperature control device for a hydrogen production system, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the power command and equipment attribute parameters of the electrolyzer within a preset time domain; wherein, the preset time domain includes multiple consecutive preset time periods, the power command includes sub-power commands corresponding to each preset time period, and the equipment attribute parameters characterize the operating status of the hydrogen production equipment; The valve opening calculation module is used to input each of the sub-power commands into the optimized temperature control model, with the goal of minimizing the deviation between the electrolytic cell temperature and the target temperature within the preset time domain, and to calculate the valve opening command corresponding to each preset time period based on the equipment attribute parameters; wherein, the optimized temperature control model characterizes the relationship between the valve opening and the electrolytic cell temperature; The operation control module is used to send the valve opening command within the preset time domain to the hydrogen production equipment, so as to control the operation of the hydrogen production equipment within the preset time domain based on the power command and the valve opening command.

9. A hydrogen production system, characterized in that, include: Power management module, hydrogen production equipment, and temperature control device for the hydrogen production system as described in claim 8; The power management module is used to formulate power commands for the electrolyzer within a preset time domain and send them to the temperature control device of the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen production equipment. The temperature control device of the hydrogen production system is used to input the received power command into the optimized temperature control model, calculate the valve opening command in the preset time domain with the goal of minimizing the deviation between the electrolyzer temperature and the target temperature in the preset time domain, and send it to the hydrogen production equipment. The hydrogen production equipment is used to operate according to the valve opening command and the power command.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the temperature control method of the hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1-7.

11. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the temperature control method for the hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1-7.

Images