Overflow oil surrounding control and recovery system suitable for ice area and arrangement method

Abstract

The invention relates to an oil spill surrounding control and recovery system suitable for an ice region and a laying method.The system comprises an oil spill surrounding control device and an oil spill recovery device, and the oil spill surrounding control device comprises a plurality of single oil containment booms; each single oil containment boom is composed of a floating body, a supporting rod, a bottom balance weight, a flow guide hole, a sponge oil absorption plate, a skirt body, a position correction sensor and a pulled hook piece, wherein different single oil containment booms are spliced and assembled through a connector assembly. The spilled oil recovery device comprises a rigid buoy, a DOP-250 pump machine, a crushed ice cutting blade, an oil-water separation hole, an oil guide pipe, a connecting rod and a spilled oil collection disc. The device is simple in structure and high in use stability in an ice region.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of polar ship oil spill recovery, and particularly relates to an oil spill containment and recovery system suitable for ice areas and a laying method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the low-temperature environment and the presence of sea ice, oil spill accidents in ice areas are often more difficult to handle than in open waters, because the material of the traditional oil containment boom cannot withstand the low-temperature environment in the polar region, and the material is easy to become brittle and damaged. In addition to the impact of flowing ice, the oil containment boom will be difficult to maintain its stability, thereby causing the oil containment to fail. Similarly, in the harsh conditions of the polar ice region, the durability and corrosion resistance of the oil spill recovery device will also be severely tested.

[0003] In the polar ice region, a ship oil spill accident can cause great damage to the fragile polar environment. The ice layer and low-temperature environment of the frozen water area make it more difficult to contain and handle oil spills. For traditional oil containment booms, drifting ice blocks can penetrate or damage the oil containment boom, thereby losing its effectiveness. At the same time, the low temperature in the ice region can cause the material of the oil containment boom to become brittle or damaged, thereby reducing its oil containment performance.

[0004] Patent CN105484217 discloses an ice-resistant oil containment boom that can be applied in broken ice areas. The disadvantages of this scheme are:

[0005] 1. The design of the connected airbags includes multiple sub-airbags, counterweight channels, and rope channels, and other complex components, which increases the complexity of manufacturing, maintenance, and operation. More components also mean more potential failure points and maintenance difficulties.

[0006] 2. Although the rope channel is designed for the location of the oil containment boom, in the broken ice area, ice blocks can hinder the use of the rope channel, making it possible that the oil pollution cannot be contained or recovered.

[0007] 3. The inflation and sealing of the connected airbags are very critical, and any air leakage of the airbags can cause the overall performance of the oil containment boom to decrease, and the abnormal deformation and displacement of the oil containment boom cannot be effectively monitored and adjusted.

[0008] Patent CN209099331 discloses a multi-stage oil spill recovery device suitable for broken ice areas at sea. The disadvantages of this scheme are:

[0009] 1. The device contains multiple components and functional modules, including switch doors, temperature adjustment boxes, centrifugal cylinders, separation layers, and separation membranes, etc., and therefore has high complexity. This can increase the difficulty of maintenance, repair, and operation, and requires professional knowledge and training.

[0010] 2. Due to the complexity of multi-stage separation devices, there are greater risks of malfunction and maintenance. If one component fails, it may lead to a decline in the performance of the entire system or even system failure.

[0011] 3. Although the device claims to have high oil-water separation efficiency and good separation effect, its actual performance may be affected by a variety of factors such as the ice crushing zone environment, the characteristics of the oil-water mixture, and operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0012] To address the problems of complex structure and poor stability in existing technologies, this invention provides an oil spill containment and recovery system and deployment method suitable for ice-covered areas.

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0014] An oil spill containment and recovery system suitable for icy areas, characterized by comprising an oil spill containment device and an oil spill recovery device.

[0015] The oil spill containment device includes several individual oil booms. Each individual oil boom has two support rods on its two vertical sides. The upper and lower ends and the middle of the two support rods are connected by an upper pull hook, a lower pull hook, and a middle pull hook, respectively. The support rods, the upper pull hook, the middle pull hook, and the lower pull hook are connected and fixed by a canvas material. The canvas material between the upper pull hook and the middle pull hook is used to seal and wrap a float. The canvas material between the middle pull hook and the lower pull hook is a skirt. A sponge oil-absorbing plate is bonded to the skirt to absorb the spilled oil. The individual oil booms are connected by a joint assembly.

[0016] The oil spill recovery device includes an oil spill collection disc and several rigid buoys evenly distributed around the disc. The buoys are fixedly connected to the disc by connecting rods. The outer edge of the disc has multiple evenly distributed oil-water separation holes. A pump is installed at the center of the disc to collect the spilled oil and transport it to the bow of the vessel via an oil guide pipe. Ice-cutter blades are installed above the pump. The disc is designed with a downwardly concave structure. This design helps to collect the spilled oil at a lower center of the disc, facilitating concentrated pumping and recovery. The downwardly concave shape improves oil collection efficiency and reduces oil diffusion. The outer edge of the oil-water separation holes faces upward relative to the lower part of the disc. Due to the downward concavity, the outer edge of the disc will be relatively raised or tilted upwards. The oil-water separation orifice is located on this upward-facing outer edge, allowing water (which is denser) to drain from the orifice, while spilled oil (which is less dense) floats to the surface and is retained within the disc, thus achieving oil-water separation. This design helps reduce the amount of water in the recovered oil.

[0017] Preferably, a positioning sensor is fixed to the canvas material between the upper and middle tension hooks. This positioning sensor is integrated with an alarm system to monitor the accurate position, tilt, drift, or movement of the oil boom. Integrated with the monitoring system, the sensor triggers an alarm when the oil boom experiences abnormal displacement or tilting, immediately alerting operators to take adjustment measures.

[0018] Preferably, the float is a cylindrical flexible foam.

[0019] Preferably, the canvas material is made of nylon 11.

[0020] Preferably, the upper tension hook, middle tension hook, lower tension hook, and rigid buoy of the support rod are made of 316 stainless steel, which has high tolerance to chlorides and salts in seawater and excellent corrosion resistance.

[0021] Preferably, the oil-absorbing sponge is bonded to the skirt body with a waterproof adhesive. The sponge is a polyurethane sponge, which is a porous material with good oil absorption properties and can be used repeatedly.

[0022] Preferably, the oil spill containment device further includes a bottom counterweight, which is arranged below the lower pull hook via a connecting device.

[0023] Preferably, the lower side of the skirt is provided with guide holes. These can be crescent-shaped to better separate oil and water, preventing oil spills from accumulating at the bottom of the oil boom. The special shape of the crescent (straight upper edge, concave lower edge) optimizes the water flow field. When water flows through these holes, its velocity and direction change. Heavier water near the bottom can be more smoothly discharged, while the slower-flowing oil layer near the surface is less likely to be "sucked up." The guide holes can also preferably be equipped with an oil-water separation membrane.

[0024] Preferably, the length of the single oil boom is 2000mm and the width is 1500mm; the length of the float is 1500mm and the diameter is 350mm; the length of the skirt is 2000mm and the width is 1000mm; the length of the sponge oil-absorbing plate is 1600mm and the width is 600mm; the width of the guide hole is 160mm; the diameter of the float of the oil spill recovery device is 800mm; the length of the ice-crushing blade is 1400mm and the maximum rotation speed is 360r / min; the diameter of the oil spill collection disc is 4000mm; the diameter of the oil guide pipe is 100mm; and the maximum oil spill pumping rate is 18.9L / h.

[0025] Preferably, there are a total of 4 rigid pontoons.

[0026] Preferably, an oil-water separation membrane is installed in the oil-water separation hole. This membrane material can separate oil and water according to molecular size and hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity, thereby removing water from the oil spill collection disc and improving the oil spill recovery efficiency.

[0027] Preferably, the outer material of the oil conduit is polyurethane foam as the insulation layer, which has excellent insulation performance, can ensure the smooth flow of spilled oil in the pipeline, and prevent the accumulation of spilled oil from affecting the operation of the equipment.

[0028] An oil spill containment and recovery system and deployment method suitable for icy areas are characterized by employing the aforementioned system, deploying three tugboats at the oil spill location, one of which is a tugboat that connects two sets of individual oil booms sequentially to form two sets of oil booms. The head end of each set of oil booms is fixed to the end of the tugboat. The other two tugboats tow the two sets of oil booms in two directions to form a V-shaped containment area, containing the oil spill within this area. After the oil spill is contained, the tugboat deploys an oil spill recovery device to recover and process the oil spill.

[0029] The technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. Applicability to ice-covered areas: The materials and design of the device take into account performance under extremely cold conditions, such as the use of 316 stainless steel and nylon 11, to ensure sufficient strength and corrosion resistance in low-temperature environments.

[0031] 2. Oil-water separation efficiency: The device is equipped with oil-absorbing sponge material and oil-water separation membrane, which improves the oil-water separation efficiency, ensures that more oil is recovered, and reduces environmental pollution.

[0032] 3. Real-time monitoring: The positioning sensor installed on the oil boom can monitor the position and deformation of the oil boom, as well as the effects of ocean currents and sea ice in real time, helping operators to adjust the position of the device in a timely manner, increasing the accuracy and safety of the operation.

[0033] 4. Ice crushing treatment: The oil spill recovery device is equipped with ice crushing blades, which can cut and crush the ice entering the equipment to prevent the accumulation of ice from affecting the pump and recovery efficiency.

[0034] 5. V-shaped fencing deployment: The V-shaped enclosure area can better resist the impact of drifting ice, improve the containment efficiency, and trap the oil spill within the enclosure area.

[0035] 6. Environmentally friendly materials: The selected materials have low-temperature characteristics and strong corrosion resistance. At the same time, materials such as polyurethane foam are environmentally friendly and can be reused many times.

[0036] 7. High-efficiency pumps: The high-efficiency DOP-250 pumps are preferred, suitable for large-scale oil spill cleanup operations. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the oil spill containment device in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the oil spill recovery device in Example 1;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the deployment method in Example 2.

[0040] The labels in the diagram are listed below:

[0041] 1-Float, 2-Support rod, 3-Bottom counterweight, 4-Drainage hole, 5-Sponge oil absorption plate, 6-Skirt, 7-Positioning sensor, 81-Upper tension hook, 82-Middle tension hook, 83-Lower tension hook, 9-Connector assembly.

[0042] 11- Rigid float, 12- Pump, 13- Ice-crushing blade, 14- Oil-water separator, 15- Oil guide pipe, 16- Connecting rod, 17- Oil spill collection disc.

[0043] 21-Tugboat, 22-Oil boom, 23-Tugboat. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To better understand the present invention, the following explanation is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment provides an oil spill containment and recovery system suitable for icy areas, including an oil spill containment device and an oil spill recovery device.

[0047] The oil spill containment device includes several individual oil booms, such as Figure 1The diagram shows two individual oil booms interconnected by a connector assembly 9. Each individual oil boom has two vertical support rods 2 on its two sides. The upper and lower ends and the middle of the two support rods 2 are connected by an upper tension hook 81, a lower tension hook 83, and a middle tension hook 82, respectively. The support rods 2, the upper tension hook 81, the middle tension hook 82, and the lower tension hook 83 are connected and fixed by a canvas material, providing support and fixation for the entire oil boom. The canvas material is made of nylon 11, which is lightweight, has good sealing properties, and is corrosion-resistant. Furthermore, this material has excellent low-temperature characteristics, maintaining good strength and toughness in environments as low as -40°C, greatly enhancing its durability in icy conditions. The canvas material between the upper tension hook 81 and the middle tension hook 82 is used to seal and wrap the float 1, which is a cylindrical flexible foam. The buoyancy generated by the float can meet the overall stability requirements of the oil boom. The canvas material between the middle tension hook 82 and the lower tension hook 84 is a skirt 6. The skirt 6 is bonded with a sponge oil-absorbing plate 5, which can absorb the spilled oil. The individual oil booms are connected by a joint assembly 9.

[0048] The support rod 2, upper tension hook 81, middle tension hook 82, lower tension hook 83, and rigid float 11 are all made of 316 stainless steel, which has high tolerance to chlorides and salinity in seawater and excellent corrosion resistance. It can maintain its strength in low-temperature environments, thus ensuring the stability of the overall oil spill recovery equipment.

[0049] The oil-absorbing sponge 5 is bonded to the skirt 6 with a waterproof adhesive. The sponge is a polyurethane sponge, which is a porous material with good oil absorption performance and can be used repeatedly.

[0050] The float 1 is equipped with positioning sensors 7 on both sides. These sensors 7 are integrated with an alarm system to monitor the accurate position, tilt, drift, or movement of the oil boom. Integrated with the monitoring system, the positioning sensors 7 trigger an alarm when the oil boom experiences abnormal displacement or tilting, immediately alerting operators to take adjustment measures. The positioning sensors 7 can also monitor the impact of ocean currents and sea ice on the oil boom in real time, allowing for timely adjustments when abnormal deformation or displacement occurs.

[0051] The oil spill containment device also includes a bottom counterweight 3, which is arranged below the lower pull hook 83 via a connecting device. Its function is to prevent the oil boom from capsizing under strong winds or high waves, and its weight can be adjusted according to specific environmental conditions.

[0052] The lower side of the skirt 6 is provided with guide holes 4. These holes can be crescent-shaped to better separate oil and water, preventing oil spills from accumulating at the bottom of the oil boom. This also reduces the resistance of the skirt section, improving the stability of the oil boom. The crescent shape (straight upper edge, concave lower edge) optimizes the water flow field. When water flows through these holes, its velocity and direction change. Heavier water near the bottom is more easily drained, while slower-flowing oil near the surface is less likely to be "sucked up." The guide holes can also preferably be fitted with an oil-water separation membrane, which can separate oil and water based on molecular size and hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity.

[0053] In this embodiment, the length of the single oil containment boom is 2000mm and the width is 1500mm; the length of the float 1 is 1500mm and the diameter is 350mm; the length of the skirt 6 is 2000mm and the width is 1000mm; the length of the sponge oil-absorbing plate 5 is 1600mm and the width is 600mm; and the width of the guide hole 4 is 160mm.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the oil spill recovery device includes an oil spill collection disc 17 and several rigid buoys 11 (four in this embodiment) evenly distributed around the oil spill collection disc. The rigid buoys 11 are fixedly connected to the oil spill collection disc 17 by connecting rods 16. The outer edge of the oil spill collection disc 17 has multiple evenly distributed oil-water separation holes 14. A pump 12 is installed in the middle of the oil spill collection disc 17. In this embodiment, a preferred DOP-250 pump is used, consisting of a screw pump and hydraulic equipment, capable of collecting oil spills and transporting them to the ship's end through an oil guide pipe 15. Ice-crushing blades 13, made of 314 stainless steel, are installed above the pump 12 to cut and crush ice entering the equipment, preventing it from affecting the pump's operation. The DOP-250 pump has a highly efficient pumping system, suitable for large-scale oil spills such as ship oil spills. Furthermore, this type of pump is made of corrosion-resistant materials, making it suitable for marine oil spill cleanup.

[0055] The oil spill collection disc 17 is designed with a downwardly concave structure. This design helps to collect spilled oil from the water surface to a lower position in the center of the disc, facilitating centralized suction and recovery by the pump 12. The downwardly concave shape improves oil collection efficiency and reduces oil diffusion. The outer edge of the oil-water separation holes 14 is upward relative to the main body of the oil spill collection disc 17. Because the oil spill collection disc 17 is downwardly concave, its outer edge will be relatively raised or tilted upward. The oil-water separation holes 14 are located on this upward outer edge, allowing water (which has a higher density) to drain from the holes, while the spilled oil (which has a lower density) floats on the surface and is retained inside the disc, thereby achieving oil-water separation and helping to reduce the water content in the recovered oil.

[0056] The outer shell of the rigid pontoon is also made of 316 stainless steel, which can maintain its strength in low-temperature environments, thereby ensuring the stability of the overall oil spill recovery equipment.

[0057] The rigid float 11 of the oil spill recovery device has a diameter of 800 mm; the ice-crushing blade 13 has a length of 1400 mm and a maximum rotation speed of 360 r / min; the oil spill collection disc 17 has a diameter of 4000 mm; the oil guide pipe 15 has a diameter of 100 mm; and the maximum oil spill pumping rate is 18.9 L / h.

[0058] An oil-water separation membrane is installed in the oil-water separation hole 14. This membrane material can separate oil and water according to molecular size and hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity, and remove water from the oil spill collection disc 17, thereby improving the oil spill recovery efficiency.

[0059] The outer material of the oil guide pipe 15 is polyurethane foam as the insulation layer, which has excellent heat insulation performance, can ensure the smooth flow of spilled oil in the pipe, and prevent the spilled oil from accumulating and affecting the operation of the equipment.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown in Example 1, a deployment method for an oil spill containment and recovery system suitable for ice-covered areas is as follows: First, the oil spill information is ascertained, including the size of the spill and its physicochemical properties. Simultaneously, environmental information such as wind speed and current velocity is acquired at the ship's end to predict the approximate direction of the oil slick. Then, three tugboats are deployed at the spill location. One tugboat, a tugboat 21, connects two sets of individual oil booms sequentially to form two sets of oil booms 22. The head of each set of oil booms 22 is fixed to the end of the tugboat 21. The other two tugboats 23 tow the two sets of oil booms 22 in two directions, forming a V-shaped containment area to contain the oil spill. After the oil spill is contained, the tugboat 21 deploys the oil spill recovery device to recover the spilled oil. This V-shaped oil spill containment and recovery method can largely resist the influence of drifting ice and improve oil spill recovery efficiency.

[0062] The above is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An oil spill containment and recovery system suitable for ice-covered areas, characterized in that... Including oil spill containment devices and oil spill recovery devices, The oil spill containment device includes several individual oil booms. Each individual oil boom has two support rods on its two vertical sides. The upper and lower ends and the middle of the two support rods are connected by an upper pull hook, a lower pull hook, and a middle pull hook, respectively. The support rods, the upper pull hook, the middle pull hook, and the lower pull hook are connected and fixed by a canvas material. The canvas material between the upper pull hook and the middle pull hook is used to seal and wrap a float. The canvas material between the middle pull hook and the lower pull hook is a skirt. A sponge oil-absorbing plate is bonded to the skirt. The individual oil booms are connected by a joint assembly. The oil spill recovery device includes several rigid buoys, a pump, ice-cutter blades, an oil-water separation hole, an oil guide pipe, a connecting rod, and an oil spill collection disc. The rigid buoys are fixedly connected to the oil spill collection disc by the connecting rod. The outer edge of the oil spill collection disc has an oil-water separation hole. The pump is installed in the middle of the oil spill collection disc and can collect the spilled oil and transport it to the end of the ship through the oil guide pipe. The ice-cutter blades are installed above the pump.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that... A positioning sensor is fixed to the canvas material between the upper tension hook and the middle tension hook.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The float is a cylindrical flexible foam, and the canvas material is made of nylon 11.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The support rod, upper tension hook, middle tension hook, lower tension hook, and rigid lifting pontoon are all made of 316 stainless steel.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The oil-absorbing sponge is bonded to the skirt body with a waterproof adhesive, and the sponge is polyurethane sponge.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The oil spill containment device also includes a bottom counterweight, which is arranged below the lower pull hook via a connecting device.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The skirt has flow channels on the lower side.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that... The single oil boom is 2000mm long and 1500mm wide; the float is 1500mm long and 350mm in diameter; the skirt is 2000mm long and 1000mm wide; the sponge oil-absorbing plate is 1600mm long and 600mm wide; the guide hole is 160mm wide; the float of the oil spill recovery device is 800mm in diameter; the ice-crushing blade is 1400mm long and has a maximum rotation speed of 360r / min; the oil spill collection disc is 4000mm in diameter; the oil guide pipe is 100mm in diameter; and the maximum oil spill pumping rate is 18.9L / h.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that... An oil-water separation membrane is installed in the oil-water separation hole.

10. An oil spill containment and recovery system and deployment method suitable for ice-covered areas, characterized in that... Using the system described in any one of claims 1-9, three tugboats are deployed at the oil spill location, one of which is a tugboat that connects two sets of individual oil booms sequentially to form two sets of oil booms. The head end of each set of oil booms is fixed to the end of the tugboat. The other two tugboats tow the two sets of oil booms to extend in two directions to form a V-shaped containment area, thereby containing the oil spill within the area. After the oil spill is contained, the tugboat deploys an oil spill recovery device to recover and process the oil spill.

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