Electric energy storage system

Abstract

The invention belongs to an electric energy storage system in the technical field of electric energy storage. According to the technical scheme, the system comprises a gravity energy storage device fusing elastic potential energy and an electric power transmission iron tower. The middle shaft guide pipe is fixed between the top cylindrical block body and the bottom cylindrical block body; a high-density spring and a weight block are sleeved on the middle shaft guide pipe; the weight block is positioned below the high-density spring; a plurality of chains are embedded in the outer side of the weight block, and each chain is linked to form a vertical ring shape around the upper circular gear and the lower circular gear; the side wall of the weight block is provided with a convex block body in which a chain can be embedded, so that the chain drives the weight block to vertically move back and forth along the middle shaft guide pipe; the upper circular gear is connected with a motor; the motor is connected with the power transmission iron tower. Through a collaborative storage mechanism of elastic potential energy and gravitational potential energy, dependence on the depth of the vertical shaft is remarkably reduced. A chain type transmission structure replaces a traditional cable, single-point stress concentration is eliminated through the multi-node uniform load design, and the fracture risk under the ultra-large mass load is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrical energy storage technology, and particularly relates to an electrical energy storage system in the vertical shaft gravity energy storage technology system. Background Technology

[0002] In the vertical shaft gravity energy storage technology system, the core technology, which uses a load or piston moving vertically along an axis, has been applied in practical engineering due to its technological maturity. In contrast, other energy storage technologies relying on vertical shaft structures, such as underground and linear motor energy storage technologies, are mostly still in the laboratory research or small-scale principle verification stage, and have not yet overcome the bottlenecks in engineering applications. Although vertical shaft gravity energy storage has been demonstrated in many countries, it faces multiple technical bottlenecks in engineering practice. These inherent defects restrict its large-scale application and commercialization process. Therefore, breaking through the existing technological framework and developing new vertical shaft gravity energy storage technologies has real needs and practical value.

[0003] The main technical bottlenecks of current vertical shaft gravity energy storage devices are: First, energy storage capacity is limited by shaft depth and load-bearing capacity. To increase capacity, it is necessary to increase shaft depth or increase the density of heavy pistons, which in turn increases engineering costs and exacerbates the risk of rope breakage.

[0004] Secondly, in vertical shaft gravity energy storage, the steel cable is in point contact with the piston of the heavy object. When the hoisting system is subjected to heavy load cycles for a long time, the steel cable is prone to fatigue fracture due to stress concentration, which seriously affects the reliability of the system operation and poses a safety risk.

[0005] Third, the energy density of vertical gravity energy storage depends on the gravitational potential energy of the piston. As a result, if grid-scale energy storage is to be achieved, ultra-large facilities need to be built, which leads to poor economic efficiency, low space utilization, and difficulty in meeting the needs of large-scale applications. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical bottlenecks, this invention proposes an electrical energy storage system. The gravity energy storage device, which integrates elastic potential energy, significantly reduces dependence on shaft depth through a synergistic storage mechanism of elastic and gravitational potential energy. Connecting the motor to a chain via gears allows the chain drive structure to replace traditional cables, and the multi-node load-sharing design eliminates single-point stress concentration, effectively mitigating the risk of fracture under extremely heavy loads.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an electrical energy storage system includes a gravity energy storage device incorporating elastic potential energy and a power transmission tower, wherein the gravity energy storage device incorporating elastic potential energy is installed in a vertical shaft; the gravity energy storage device incorporating elastic potential energy includes a central shaft guide tube, a top cylindrical block, a bottom cylindrical block, a high-density spring, a weight block, a chain, an upper circular gear, a lower circular gear, and a motor. A vertically positioned central guide tube is fixed between the top and bottom cylindrical blocks; the cross-sectional areas of the top and bottom cylindrical blocks are larger than that of the central guide tube; a high-density spring and a weight block are fitted onto the central guide tube; the weight block is located below the high-density spring; multiple chains are inlaid on the outer side of the weight block, each chain being linked to the upper and lower circular gears to form a vertical ring; the side wall of the weight block has protruding blocks that can be inlaid with chains, the protruding blocks engaging with the chains in the vertical direction, allowing the chains to drive the weight block to move up and down along the central guide tube; the upper circular gear is connected to a motor via a cylindrical shaft; the motor is fixed to the side of the top cylindrical block via a transverse connecting steel pipe and connected to the power transmission tower.

[0008] Based on the above technical features: each chain passes through the vertical outer conduit and the vertical inner conduit to restrict its movement trajectory; the vertical outer conduit is closed on all sides, with the bottom and top open, and its sides are connected to the shaft wall by horizontally fixed steel pipes; the vertical inner conduit has open sides near the weight block, bottom and top sides, and closed sides; a horizontal radial pipe connection is set between the vertical outer conduit and the vertical inner conduit that controls the trajectory of a single chain; and a circular pipe hoop is used between multiple vertical outer conduits.

[0009] Based on the above technical features: the lower circular gear is connected to the shaft via a fixing device to the vertical inner guide tube and the vertical outer guide tube. The fixing device includes a downward-opening slot and a T-shaped connector. The longitudinal rod of the T-shaped connector is fixed to the upper part of the slot, and the transverse rod of the T-shaped connector is connected to the vertical inner guide tube and the vertical outer guide tube on both sides. The shaft passes through the center of the lower circular gear, and the two ends of the shaft are respectively connected to the two groove walls of the slot.

[0010] Based on the above technical features: multiple small rollers are set at the contact gap between the weight block and the central guide tube.

[0011] Based on the above technical features: within the chain height range, multiple high-density springs and multiple weight blocks are arranged longitudinally, with the upper part of each weight block being a high-density spring. Based on the above technical features: multiple gravity energy storage systems with integrated elastic potential energy are arranged in a horizontal array in vertical shafts, and the motor of each gravity energy storage system with integrated elastic potential energy is connected in parallel with the power transmission tower.

[0012] Gravity energy storage devices integrating elastic potential energy construct a combined gravity-elasticity energy storage mechanism by integrating high-density spring components. This significantly reduces shaft depth and saves construction costs while maintaining the same energy storage capacity. Secondly, the introduction of a chain drive system, drawing inspiration from the multi-tooth meshing and distributed load-bearing principles of bicycle chains, effectively disperses loads, avoids single-point stress concentration, and eliminates the risk of traditional cables breaking under heavy loads. Furthermore, the system can rapidly release elastic and gravitational potential energy, achieving millisecond-level power response; and through the clustered deployment of multiple blocks both vertically and horizontally, it can meet the requirements for grid-scale energy storage. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external appearance of a vertical shaft for an existing vertical gravity energy storage device.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a weight piston, vertical guide rail, and steel cable in a conventional vertical shaft gravity energy storage device.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gravity energy storage device of the present invention in the energy storage stage.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gravity energy storage device of the present invention in the energy release stage.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the motor and the upper circular gear of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the protruding block in the gravity energy storage device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lower circular gear, fixing device, and shaft in the gravity energy storage device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the small roller in the gravity energy storage device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a power transmission tower.

[0022] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the gravity energy storage device of my invention, in which multiple high-density springs and multiple weight blocks are arranged longitudinally.

[0023] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the gravity energy storage system of the present invention.

[0024] The component labels in the diagram are as follows: In this invention: 1-top cylindrical block, 2-chain, 3-upper circular gear, 4-cylindrical shaft, 5-motor, 6-vertical outer guide tube, 7-vertical inner guide tube, 8-high-density spring, 9-central shaft guide tube, 10-radial tube, 11-circular tube, 12-weight block, 13-protruding block, 14-fixing device, 15-shaft, 16-lower circular gear, 17-bottom cylindrical block, 18-small roller, 19-lateral connecting steel pipe, 20-lateral fixing steel pipe, 21-power transmission tower, 22-electric wire, 23-vertical shaft.

[0025] In the existing technology: 24-shaft system motor, 25-rotor, 26-steel cable, 27-weight piston, 28-vertical guide rail, 29-bayonet, 30-connection point. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0029] See existing technology Figure 1 and Figure 2In existing vertical shaft gravity energy storage technology systems, the core solution involves a heavy piston 27 being pulled up and down along a vertical guide rail 28 by a steel cable 26 within a vertical shaft 23. A latch 29 is provided on the vertical guide rail 28 to connect with the heavy piston 27. The steel cable 26 and the heavy piston 27 are in point contact at connection point 30. When there is a power surplus or the power generation exceeds the demand, the system drives the rotating wheel 25 via the vertical shaft system motor 24, causing the steel cable 26 to lift the heavy piston 27, thereby converting electrical energy into the gravitational potential energy of the heavy piston 27, achieving energy storage. Conversely, when there is a power shortage or the demand increases, the system controls the heavy piston 27 to descend along the vertical guide rail 28, driving the vertical shaft system motor 24 via the steel cable 26, thereby converting the stored gravitational potential energy into electrical energy, achieving energy release and replenishment.

[0030] See the technical description of this invention. Figures 3 to 11 .

[0031] The energy storage system of the present invention includes a gravity energy storage device incorporating elastic potential energy and an electric transmission tower. The gravity energy storage device incorporating elastic potential energy is installed in a vertical shaft 23. The gravity energy storage device incorporating elastic potential energy includes a central shaft guide tube 9, a top cylindrical block 1, a bottom cylindrical block 17, a high-density spring 8, a weight block 12, a chain 2, an upper circular gear 3, a lower circular gear 16, and a motor 5.

[0032] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a vertically arranged central guide tube 9 is fixed between the top cylindrical block 1 and the bottom cylindrical block 17. The central guide tube 9 can be a hollow steel pipe. The cross-sectional areas of the top cylindrical block 1 and the bottom cylindrical block 17 are larger than that of the central guide tube 9. A high-density spring 8 and a weight block 12 are fitted onto the central guide tube 9; the weight block 12 is located below the high-density spring 8. The bottom cylindrical block 17 serves to stabilize the overall device, while the top cylindrical block 1 compresses the high-density spring 8. When the high-density spring 8 suffers fatigue failure, it can be replaced by disassembling the top cylindrical block 1.

[0033] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the uppermost end of chain 2 is connected to an upper circular gear 3, which is connected to a motor 5 via a cylindrical shaft 4. Motor 5 is fixed to the top cylindrical block 1 via a transverse connecting steel pipe 19 and connected to the power transmission tower 21; the transverse connecting steel pipe 19 is detachable. Chain 2's movement trajectory is restricted by a vertical outer conduit 6 and a vertical inner conduit 7. The vertical inner conduit 7 is a rectangular conduit close to the weight block 12, while the vertical outer conduit 6 is a rectangular conduit on the other side, not close to the weight block 12. This design ensures a consistent vertical trajectory for chain 2. The vertical outer conduit 6 is closed on all sides, with its bottom and top open; the vertical inner conduit 7 is open on the side closest to the weight block 12, its bottom and top surfaces, and closed in other directions. The vertical inner conduit 7 and the vertical outer conduit 6 are integrated via a circular pipe 11 and a radial pipe 10. The vertical outer conduit 6 is connected to the vertical shaft 23 via a transverse fixing steel pipe 20 to ensure stability. A transverse radial pipe body 10 is provided between the vertical outer conduit 6 and the vertical inner conduit 7; a circular pipe body 11 is used to surround the vertical outer conduits 6.

[0034] like Figure 6 , Figure 3 As shown, the side wall of the weight block 12 is provided with a protruding block 13 that can be inlaid with a chain 2. The protruding block 13 fits into the chain 2 in the vertical direction, so that the chain 2 drives the weight block 12 to move up and down along the central guide tube 9. The protruding block 13 is connected to the chain 2 through a convex opening design, so that it is not easy to slip off in the vertical hanging state. Multiple chains 2 are inlaid on the outer side of the weight block 12, and each chain 2 is linked around the upper circular gear 3 and the lower circular gear 16 to form a vertical ring.

[0035] like Figure 7 , Figure 3 As shown, the lower end of chain 2 is connected to a lower circular gear 16. The lower circular gear 16 is connected to the vertical inner guide tube 7 and the vertical outer guide tube 6 via a fixing device 14 and a shaft 15. The fixing device 14 includes a downward-opening slot and a T-shaped connector. The longitudinal rod of the T-shaped connector is fixed to the upper part of the slot, and the transverse rod of the T-shaped connector is connected to the vertical inner guide tube 7 and the vertical outer guide tube 6 on both sides. The shaft 15 passes through the center of the lower circular gear 16, and the two ends of the shaft 15 are respectively connected to the two groove walls of the slot.

[0036] like Figure 8 As shown, to prevent excessive energy loss due to friction between the weight block 12 and the central shaft guide tube 9, a small roller 18 is installed at the contact gap between the weight block 12 and the central shaft guide tube 9. The small roller 18 can rotate when the weight block 12 rises and falls. The small roller 18 is used to reduce friction and improve energy conversion efficiency.

[0037] like Figure 9 , Figure 3As shown, the power transmission tower 21 is connected to the motor 5 via the wire 22. The motor 5 drives the upper circular gear 3 and the lower circular gear 16 via the chain 2 to lift or lower the heavy block 12.

[0038] The working principle of this invention is as follows: like Figure 3 The diagram shows the gravity energy storage device in its energy storage phase. When there is excess power generation, the motor 5, through the chain 2 and the protruding block 13, lifts the heavy object 12, compressing the high-density spring 8 and converting electrical energy into gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy. The upper circular gear 3 of the chain 2 is driven to rotate by the motor 5 through the cylindrical shaft 4, thereby driving the chain 2 to lift the heavy object 12. The fixing device 14 at the lower part of the chain 2 is connected to the vertical inner guide tube 7 and the vertical outer guide tube 6. The lower circular gear 16 is connected to the fixing device 14 through the shaft 15. When the chain 2 lifts the heavy object 12, the lower circular gear 16 can rotate around the shaft 15.

[0039] like Figure 4 The diagram shows the gravity energy storage device in its energy release phase. During peak electricity consumption periods, when power generation is insufficient, motor 5, via chain 2 and protruding block 13, lowers the weight block 12, unloading the high-density spring 8. The stored gravitational and elastic potential energy is then converted into electrical energy by motor 5. The energy storage capacity of this transposition device is... It can be obtained from the following formula.

[0040] In the formula For the energy storage capacity of the gravity block, For the energy storage capacity of the spring, m For the mass of the heavy object, g It is the acceleration due to gravity. Output efficiency for energy storage of heavy objects This is the final height after the heavy object is lifted. The initial height at which the heavy object is lifted. For the output efficiency of spring energy storage, k For the stiffness of the spring, This is the final length of the spring after compression. This is the initial length of the spring before it is compressed.

[0041] like Figure 10As shown, this invention can also adopt a vertical cluster deployment architecture. By vertically layering multiple energy storage units within the same shaft 23 space, a collaborative control mechanism is established to create a synergistic effect. Within the height range of the chain 2, multiple high-density springs 8 and multiple weight blocks 12 are longitudinally stacked, with the high-density spring 8 on top of each weight block 12. This vertical expansion mode breaks through the traditional vertical shaft gravity energy storage technology path that relies on the extreme depth of a single deep well, avoiding the geological risks and soaring engineering costs caused by continuously deepening the shaft 23, and optimizing space utilization through modular cluster design. While maintaining a moderate shaft 23 depth, a large energy storage scale can be achieved.

[0042] like Figure 11 As shown, this invention also provides a horizontal clustered deployment architecture as a key supplementary solution. Multiple vertical shafts 23 with integrated elastic potential energy storage systems are arranged in a horizontal array, with the motor 5 of each integrated elastic potential energy storage system connected in parallel to the power transmission tower 21. This mode achieves capacity increase by horizontally expanding multiple device units at the surface or shallow depths, avoiding the complex processes and high costs of deep shaft excavation 23. Its core advantage lies in achieving large-scale energy storage expansion at a lower cost. However, the trade-off of this architecture is increased demand for surface space, requiring a larger footprint. Therefore, the choice of solution must be tailored to local conditions; in scenarios with abundant land resources but limited budgets, horizontal clustered deployment demonstrates better economic efficiency.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrical energy storage system, characterized in that: The system includes a gravity energy storage device that integrates elastic potential energy and a power transmission tower (21). The gravity energy storage device that integrates elastic potential energy is installed in a vertical shaft (23). The gravity energy storage device that integrates elastic potential energy includes a central guide tube (9), a top cylindrical block (1), a bottom cylindrical block (17), a high-density spring (8), a weight block (12), a chain (2), an upper circular gear (3), a lower circular gear (16), and a motor (5). The vertically arranged central guide tube (9) is fixed between the top cylindrical block (1) and the bottom cylindrical block (17). The cross-sectional area of ​​the top cylindrical block (1) and the bottom cylindrical block (17) is larger than that of the central guide tube (9). The high-density spring (8) and the weight block (12) are fitted on the central guide tube (9). The weight block (12) is located below the high-density spring (8); multiple chains (2) are inlaid on the outside of the weight block (12), and each chain (2) is linked to the upper circular gear (3) and the lower circular gear (16) to form a vertical ring; the side wall of the weight block (12) is provided with a protruding block (13) that can be inlaid with the chain (2), and the protruding block (13) fits with the chain (2) in the vertical direction, so that the chain (2) drives the weight block (12) to move up and down along the central shaft guide tube (9); the upper circular gear (3) is connected to the motor (5) through the cylindrical shaft (4); the motor (5) is fixed to the side of the top cylindrical block (1) through the transverse connecting steel pipe (19) and connected to the power transmission tower (21).

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each chain (2) passes through the vertical outer conduit (6) and the vertical inner conduit (7) to restrict its movement trajectory. The vertical outer conduit (6) is closed on all sides, with the bottom and top open. The sides are connected to the well wall of the vertical shaft (23) by a horizontally fixed steel pipe (20). The vertical inner conduit (7) is open on the side, bottom and top of the weight block (12), and closed on the other sides. A horizontal radial pipe (10) is provided between the vertical outer conduit (6) and the vertical inner conduit (7) that controls the trajectory of a single chain (2). A circular pipe (11) is used to encircle multiple vertical outer conduits (6).

3. The energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower circular gear (16) is connected to the vertical inner guide tube (7) and the vertical outer guide tube (6) by a fixing device (14) and a shaft (15). The fixing device (14) includes a downward-opening slot and a T-shaped connector. The longitudinal rod of the T-shaped connector is fixed to the upper part of the slot, and the transverse rod of the T-shaped connector is connected to the vertical inner guide tube (7) and the vertical outer guide tube (6) on both sides. The shaft (15) passes through the center of the lower circular gear (16), and the two ends of the shaft (15) are respectively connected to the two groove walls of the slot.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple small rollers (18) are provided at the contact gap between the weight block (12) and the central axial guide tube (9).

5. An energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Within the height range of the chain (2), multiple high-density springs (8) and multiple weight blocks (12) are arranged longitudinally, with the high-density spring (8) on the upper part of each weight block (12).

6. An energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vertical shafts (23) of multiple gravity energy storage systems with the fused elastic potential energy are arranged in a horizontal array, and the motor (5) of each gravity energy storage system with the fused elastic potential energy is connected in parallel with the power transmission tower (21).

Images