Thermal shock test device and test method

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal shock test device and a test method, and belongs to the technical field of aero-engine hot end component detection. The test device comprises a test rack body, a heating assembly, a displacement control assembly and a cooling assembly, the test rack body is provided with a placing space for the heating assembly, the displacement control assembly and the cooling assembly; the heating assembly is provided with a channel opening; the displacement control assembly is arranged on the test rack body and is used for moving a test piece into the heating assembly through the channel opening or moving the test piece out of the heating assembly; and the cooling assembly is arranged on the test rack body and is used for cooling the test piece pulled out of the heating assembly. The test device can be used for carrying out thermal shock test on a test piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of testing technology for hot-end components of aero-engines, and more specifically, to a thermal shock testing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Hot-end components of aero-engines (such as combustion chamber flame tubes, turbine outer rings, turbine guide vanes and rotor blades, turbine bladed disks, nozzle trimmers and seals, mixers and central bodies, etc.) operate in a multi-physical field coupled environment with high temperature, high pressure, oxidation and corrosion, and mechanical loads. These hot-end components are subjected to thermal shock during engine start / stop, which can easily lead to structural failure.

[0003] As the performance of aero-engines continues to improve, the temperature at the turbine inlet is also constantly increasing. However, the temperature resistance of current hot-end component materials is no longer sufficient to meet the development requirements of aero-engines. Because aero-engine hot-end components endure severe thermal shock loads in high-temperature environments, their reliability and safety during operation are directly affected. Thermal shock performance must be considered during the design and development of hot-end components. However, conducting thermal shock tests on the materials of hot-end components to assess their adaptability, reliability, and durability to changes in operating temperature, and adjusting the materials or predicting their serviceability based on the test results, has become a significant challenge.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a device that can perform thermal shock tests on hot-end components (test pieces).

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a thermal shock testing apparatus and method. By conducting thermal shock tests on materials (materials used in hot-end components), the adaptability, reliability, and durability of the materials to changes in operating temperature are assessed, providing support for thermal shock testing technology so that materials can be adjusted in a timely manner or whether the materials are ready for service can be predicted.

[0007] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a thermal shock testing apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprising a test frame, a heating component, a displacement control component, and a cooling component; The test frame has space for the heating assembly, displacement control assembly, and cooling assembly; The heating component has a channel opening; The displacement control component is mounted on the test frame and is used to move the test piece into the heating component through the channel or to move the test piece out of the heating component. The cooling component is mounted on the test frame and is used to cool the test piece that has been pulled out from inside the heating component.

[0008] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the heating assembly includes an insulation shell and a plurality of heating elements; The inner wall of the insulation shell includes a top wall, side walls, and a bottom wall; The plurality of heating elements are respectively disposed on the top wall, the side wall and the bottom wall; The thermal insulation shell also includes a thermal insulation layer, an intermediate layer, and a protective layer that are stacked sequentially from its interior to its exterior.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the heating element includes a quartz lamp array structure or a silicon molybdenum rod array structure.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the displacement control assembly includes a lifting motor, a lifting roller, a lifting rope, and a fixed pulley; The fixed pulley is mounted on the test frame; During the test, the heating component was located directly below the fixed pulley; The lifting roller is rotatably connected to the test frame; One end of the lifting rope is connected to the lifting roller, and the other end is wound around the fixed pulley and partially extends out of the fixed pulley. The test piece is connected to the end of the lifting rope away from the lifting roller. The lifting motor is used to drive the lifting roller to rotate.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the displacement control assembly further includes a clamping structure; The clamping structure is located at the end of the lifting rope away from the lifting roller, and is used to clamp the test piece.

[0012] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the cooling component includes an annular cooling section; the annular cooling section is disposed at the channel opening of the heating component.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the annular cooling section includes an annular gas collecting block; The annular gas collecting block is located on top of the heating assembly; wherein, the interior of the annular gas collecting block has a plurality of cooling nozzles evenly distributed along its circumference, and the spray angle of the cooling nozzles is variable.

[0014] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the test apparatus further includes a control module, a cooling module, and a heating module; The control module is used to control the opening and closing of the displacement control component; The cooling module is used to control the cooling rate of the cooling component; The heating module is used to control the heating rate of the heating component.

[0015] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a thermal shock testing method is provided, the testing method comprising: Connect the test specimen to the displacement control assembly; Place the heating element in the placement space and turn on the heating element; The displacement control component moves the test piece into the heating component; The displacement control component moves the heated test piece out of the heating component, and the cooling component cools the test piece.

[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the test apparatus in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the heating element on the insulation shell in the first embodiment of this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the layered structure of the thermal insulation shell in the first embodiment of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping structure in the first embodiment of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling component in the first embodiment of this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the signal interaction between various modules and components in the first embodiment of this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of the test method in the first embodiment of this disclosure.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 01. Test Specimen; 1. Test Frame; 11. Placement Space; 12. Thermocouple; 2. Heating Component; 21. Channel Opening; 22. Insulation Shell; 221. Top Wall; 222. Side Wall; 223. Bottom Wall; 224. Insulation Layer; 225. Intermediate Layer; 226. Protective Layer; 227. Observation Chamber; 23. Heating Section; 3. Displacement Control Component; 31. Lifting Motor; 32. Lifting Roller; 35. Rotating Wheel; 36. Clamping Structure; 361. First Plate; 362. Second Plate; 363. Clamping Screw; 364. Clamping Nut; 4. Cooling Component; 41. Annular Cooling Section; 411. Annular Gas Collection Block; 4111. Cooling Nozzle; 4112. Air Inlet; 42. Gas Storage Tank; 5. Slide Rail; 6. Digital Image Acquisition Module; 7. Cooling Module; 8. Temperature Detection Module; 9. Heating Module; CM, Control Module. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore detailed descriptions of them will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0028] Although relative terms such as "up" and "down" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another, these terms are used only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples shown in the accompanying drawings. It is understood that if the device of the icon is flipped upside down, the component described as "up" will become the component described as "down." When a structure is "up" of another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" mounted on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" mounted on the other structure through another structure.

[0029] In related technologies, as the performance of aero-engines continues to improve, the temperature at the turbine blade inlet is also constantly increasing. However, the temperature resistance of current hot-end component materials is no longer sufficient to meet the development requirements of aero-engines. Because aero-engine hot-end components endure severe thermal shock loads in high-temperature environments, their reliability and safety during operation are directly affected. Thermal shock performance must be considered during the design and development of hot-end components. However, conducting thermal shock tests on the materials of hot-end components to assess their adaptability, reliability, and durability to changes in operating temperature, and adjusting the materials or predicting their serviceability based on the test results, has become a challenge.

[0030] Based on this, this application provides a thermal shock testing apparatus. See also... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The test apparatus includes a test frame 1, a heating component 2, a displacement control component 3, and a cooling component 4. The test frame 1 has a placement space 11 for the heating component 2, the displacement control component 3, and the cooling component 4. The heating component 2 has a channel opening 21. The displacement control component 3 is located on the test frame 1 and is used to move the test piece 01 into the heating component 2 through the channel opening 21 or to move the test piece 01 out of the heating component 2. The cooling component 4 is located on the test frame 1 and is used to cool the test piece 01 that has been moved out of the heating component 2.

[0031] In this embodiment, when subjecting the test piece 01 to thermal shock, the test piece 01 is first connected to the displacement control assembly 3, and the heating assembly 2 is turned on. Then, the displacement control assembly 3 is adjusted, and the displacement control assembly 3 moves the test piece 01 into the interior of the heating assembly 2. The heating assembly 2 heats the test piece 01. While heating the test piece 01, a thermocouple 12 (e.g., ...) is attached to the surface of the test piece 01. Figure 3 (As shown) Temperature data is collected in real time, and the heating power is adjusted in a closed loop using a PID algorithm to ensure that the temperature rise curve error is ≤±2%. When the temperature of the test piece 01 reaches the specified time, the displacement control component 3 is adjusted to move the test piece 01 out of the heating component 2. The cooling component 4 cools the test piece 01. After cooling, the test piece 01 is monitored non-contactly. If the test piece 01 meets the test requirements, the test piece 01 is subjected to cyclic testing to measure its adaptability, reliability, and durability to changes in working temperature. If the test piece 01 does not meet the test requirements, the test of the test piece 01 is terminated.

[0032] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 1 , Figure 3The heating component 2 includes an insulation shell 22 and a plurality of heating elements 23; the inner wall of the insulation shell 22 includes a top wall 221, a side wall 222 and a bottom wall 223; wherein the plurality of heating elements 23 are respectively disposed on the top wall 221, the side wall 222 and the bottom wall 223.

[0033] As an example, the heating assembly 2 can be a box structure. In addition, to facilitate observation of the changes of the test piece 01 within the heating assembly 2, an observation chamber 227 can be provided on the heating assembly 2. A digital image acquisition module 6 is provided outside the observation chamber 227 to detect the strain of the test piece 01 and the temperature of various parts of the test piece 01 during the heating process.

[0034] It is understood that, in this embodiment, the multiple heating elements 23 can be distributed in three dimensions and respectively disposed on the top wall 221, side wall 222, and bottom wall 223 of the insulation shell 22, thereby forming an all-around heating field inside the insulation shell 22. This allows for precise temperature control of the heating assembly 2, and the heating elements 23 can be adjusted in position along the axial direction of the heating assembly 2 to adapt to the heating requirements of test pieces 01 of different sizes, thus improving the applicability of the testing device.

[0035] Furthermore, independent PID temperature control modules and servo drive mechanisms can be equipped on the heating elements 23 at different locations.

[0036] Specifically, the heating elements 23 at different locations can be independently programmed and controlled. This allows for both synchronous operation to achieve uniform heating and step-by-step activation according to a preset sequence to simulate the temperature gradient changes of the hot-end components under actual working conditions. More specifically, the heating elements 23 on the bottom wall 223 can be activated first to heat the lower end of the test piece 01. Then, the heating elements 23 on the side wall 222 and the top wall 221 can be activated sequentially, thus achieving a stepped heating effect. This modular and flexible heating scheme effectively solves the technical problems of uncontrollable heating rate, uneven temperature field, and unrealistic simulation of test conditions in traditional thermal shock testing devices, providing more reliable test conditions for the performance testing of the test piece 01.

[0037] In this embodiment, the heating element 23 may include a quartz lamp array structure or a silicon molybdenum rod array structure. By setting the heating element 23 as a quartz lamp or silicon molybdenum rod, the heating rate inside the heating assembly 2 can be improved. Furthermore, the heating element 23 has the advantages of high temperature resistance and long lifespan. Of course, the heating element 23 may include other structures, which are not specifically limited here and are set according to specific needs.

[0038] As an example, the silicon molybdenum rod can be a high-purity silicon molybdenum rod.

[0039] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 4 The thermal insulation shell 22 includes a thermal insulation layer 224, an intermediate layer 225, and a protective layer 226 that are stacked sequentially from its interior to its exterior.

[0040] As an example, insulation layer 224 can be a high-density gypsum fiber insulation board, which can effectively block more than 95% of heat loss.

[0041] As another example, the intermediate layer 225 can be an aerogel insulation felt, which can further reduce heat conduction.

[0042] As another example, the protective layer 226 can be a high-temperature resistant stainless steel shell, which serves to form a robust protective layer.

[0043] As an example, the insulation layer 224 can be a high-density gypsum fiber insulation board; the intermediate layer 225 can be an aerogel insulation felt; and the protective layer 226 can be a high-temperature resistant stainless steel shell. This design allows the heating component 2 to maintain a surface temperature below 60°C even under high-temperature conditions of 1300°C, ensuring experimental safety while significantly improving energy efficiency.

[0044] In summary, the heating assembly 2 provided in this embodiment can achieve distributed heating. By adjusting the position of the heating part 23 inside the heating assembly 2, uniform heating and gradient heating can be achieved, accurately simulating the actual temperature gradient. At the same time, with the real-time monitoring of the high-precision thermocouple 12, the power of the high-temperature furnace can be dynamically adjusted and the heating rate controlled, which can effectively solve the problems of poor temperature uniformity and overshoot in traditional technologies.

[0045] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 The displacement control component 3 includes a lifting motor 31, a lifting roller 32, a lifting rope, and a fixed pulley; the fixed pulley is mounted on the test frame 1; during the test, the heating component 2 is located directly below the fixed pulley; the lifting roller 32 is rotatably connected to the test frame 1; one end of the lifting rope is connected to the lifting roller 32, and the other end is wound around the fixed pulley and partially extends out of the fixed pulley; the test piece 01 is connected to the end of the lifting rope away from the lifting roller 32; the lifting motor 31 is used to drive the lifting roller 32 to rotate.

[0046] Specifically, when it is necessary to move the test piece 01 into the heating assembly 2 or to move the test piece 01 out of the heating assembly 2, the lifting motor 31 is turned on. The rotation of the lifting motor 31 drives the lifting roller 32 to move. The movement of the lifting roller 32 causes the lifting rope to tighten or retract. When the lifting rope is in a tightened state, the movement of the lifting rope causes the test piece 01 to move, so that the test piece 01 can be moved out of the heating assembly 2. When the lifting rope is in a retracted state, the lifting rope causes the test piece 01 to move, so that the test piece 01 can be sent into the heating assembly 2.

[0047] Furthermore, the displacement control component 3 provided in this application can accurately transfer the test piece 01 (for example, switching between heating inside the heating component 2 and cooling outside the heating component 2), and work with the cooling component 4 to complete the "heating-cooling" conversion of the test piece 01.

[0048] As an example, see Figure 2 The displacement control component 3 may also include a rotating wheel 35; the rotating wheel 35 is mounted on the test frame 1, and one end of the lifting rope near the lifting roller 32 is wound around the rotating wheel 35. The rotating wheel 35 can stabilize the rise or fall of the test piece 01, which can improve the quality of the test to a certain extent.

[0049] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 5 The displacement control component 3 also includes a clamping structure 36; the clamping structure 36 is located at the end of the lifting rope away from the lifting roller 32, and is used to clamp the test piece 01.

[0050] As an example, the clamping structure 36 includes a first plate 361, a second plate 362, a clamping screw 363, and a clamping nut 364 corresponding to the clamping screw 363. The first plate 361 and the second plate 362 are connected to each other by the clamping screw 363, forming a clamping space for the test piece 01 between the first plate 361 and the second plate 362. The clamping nut 364 is threaded onto the clamping screw 363. Specifically, when clamping and fixing the test piece 01, the test piece 01 is placed between the first plate 361 and the second plate 362, and the second plate 362 is adjusted to be closer to the first plate 361. When the second plate 362 is pressed against the test piece 01, the clamping nut 364 is rotated, and the clamping nut 364 is pressed against the side of the second plate 362 away from the first plate 361, thus achieving the clamping of the test piece 01.

[0051] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 1 , Figure 6 The cooling component 4 includes an annular cooling section 41, which is located at the channel opening 21 of the heating component 2. Specifically, after the holding time is reached, the displacement control component 3 quickly transfers the test piece 01 within the heating component 2 to the cooling zone, and the cooling operation of the test piece 01 is achieved by the cold air discharged from the annular cooling section 41.

[0052] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 1 , Figure 6The annular cooling section 41 includes an annular gas collecting block 411. The annular gas collecting block 411 is disposed on top of the heating assembly 2 and is hollow. The interior of the annular gas collecting block 411 has multiple cooling nozzles 4111 evenly distributed along its circumference, and the spray angle of the cooling nozzles 4111 is variable. The multiple variable-angle cooling nozzles 4111 enable rapid cooling of the test piece 01, thereby effectively reducing the testing time. Furthermore, an air inlet 4112 for introducing cold air can be provided on the side of the annular gas collecting block 411 away from the cooling nozzles 4111.

[0053] It should be noted that the cold air in the cooling nozzle 4111 is generated and delivered by a device such as an air pump (not shown in the accompanying drawings of this application). The air pump and other such devices are well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0054] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 1 , Figure 6 The cooling component 4 may also include a gas storage tank 42 for storing cold air, which can be connected to the air inlet 4112 of the annular gas collecting block 411 via a pipeline.

[0055] Meanwhile, this testing device has a multi-cycle automation function: the system supports preset cycles of 1-100 times, and the cycle repeatability error is ≤±0.5%. For example, for testing ceramic matrix composites (CMC), 10 cycles can be set: 1200℃ holding for 300s → transfer + jet cooling for 60s (cooling rate 30℃ / s) → return to the high-temperature furnace, and the cycle process does not require manual intervention.

[0056] In summary, the cooling component 4 in this application employs a dual-air-path independent temperature control cooling system. Through the displacement control component 3, it achieves precise lifting and lowering of the test piece 01 between the heating zone of the heating component 2 and the room temperature cooling zone. Combined with two independently controllable centrifugal air pumps and a 360° rotating universal nozzle (not shown in the attached figures), it supports overall uniform cooling and distributed cooling (gradient / step mode). Simultaneously, it allows for preset multi-stage cooling programs, precisely controlling parameters such as holding time, lifting and lowering speed, and cooling cycle period. Furthermore, it uses a surface temperature sensor (thermocouple 12) to adjust airflow parameters in real-time via closed-loop control, significantly improving the accuracy of cooling rate control and the degree of test automation. This system is suitable for thermal shock performance testing of metallic materials, ceramic matrix composites, and other materials. During the test, temperature-time curves, airflow parameters, and mechanical displacement data can be recorded simultaneously.

[0057] Meanwhile, the cooling component 4 breaks through the limitations of the single cooling mode and rough control of traditional thermal shock test devices. Its multi-dimensional dynamic adjustment capability can accurately simulate the rapid cooling shock during the start-up and shutdown of aero-engine turbine blades (such as 1200℃→room temperature cycle), the temperature gradient distribution during the thermal shock process of ceramic matrix composites (CMC), and the thermal matching test between high-temperature alloy coatings and substrates, providing an efficient and reliable technical means for the study of material performance under extreme working conditions.

[0058] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 1 The testing apparatus also includes a slide rail 5; part of the slide rail 5 is located within the placement space 11, and part of the slide rail 5 extends out of the placement space 11; during the test, the heating component 2 is located on the slide rail 5; wherein, the length direction of the slide rail 5 is perpendicular to the lifting direction of the test piece 01. The slide rail 5 facilitates the placement of the heating component 2 within the placement space 11 and its rapid removal from the placement space 11, thereby improving the testing efficiency of the test piece 01 to a certain extent.

[0059] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 7 The testing apparatus also includes a control module CM, a cooling module 7, and a heating module 9. The control module CM controls the opening and closing of the displacement control component 3, enabling the displacement control component 3 to control the movement of the test piece 01. The cooling module 7 controls the cooling rate of the cooling component 4; for example, the cooling module 7 can control the flow rate of the cooling air to control the cooling rate of the cooling component 4. The heating module 9 controls the heating rate of the heating component 2; for example, the heating module 9 can control the magnitude of the current to control the heating rate of the heating component 2.

[0060] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 1 , Figure 7 The test apparatus also includes a temperature detection module 8, which is used to collect the surface temperature of the test piece 01 in real time. The control module CM is also used to control the cooling module 7 and the heating module 9, thereby enabling the cooling module 7 to control the cooling rate of the cooling component 4 and the heating module 9 to control the heating rate of the heating component 2. In addition, the control module CM is also used to count the number of tests.

[0061] As an example, see Figure 1 , Figure 7The temperature detection module 8 can employ a non-contact infrared thermometer located outside the annular gas collection block 411. This thermometer collects the surface temperature of the test piece 01 and transmits the data to the control module CM. The control module CM processes this data and sends an electrical signal to either the cooling module 7 or the heating module 9. The cooling module 7 responds to the electrical signal from the control module CM and controls the cooling rate of the cooling component 4, thereby cooling the test piece 01. Alternatively, the heating module 9 responds to the electrical signal from the control module CM and controls the heating rate of the heating component 2 to heat the test piece 01.

[0062] Furthermore, the control module CM can also count the number of tests, heating or cooling time, and number of test cycles.

[0063] See Figure 8 This application also provides a thermal shock test method, the test method comprising: S1: Connect test piece 01 to displacement control assembly 3.

[0064] Specifically, the test piece 01 is connected to the displacement control assembly 3 via the clamping structure 36.

[0065] S2: Place the heating component 2 in the placement space 11 and turn on the heating component 2.

[0066] Specifically, the heating component 2 is placed in the placement space 11, and the target temperature, heating rate and heat preservation time of the heating component 2 are set according to the test standard of test piece 01.

[0067] S3: Displacement control component 3 moves test piece 01 into heating component 2.

[0068] Specifically, when the temperature inside the heating component 2 reaches the target, the lifting motor 31 is turned on. The lifting motor 31 rotates and drives the lifting roller 32 to move. The movement of the lifting roller 32 drives the lifting rope to tighten or contract. When the lifting rope is in a tightened state, the movement of the lifting rope drives the test piece 01 to move. When the lifting rope is in a contracted state, the lifting rope drives the test piece 01 to move, so that the test piece 01 can be sent into the heating component 2.

[0069] S4: The displacement control component 3 moves the heated test piece 01 out of the heating component 2, and the cooling component 4 cools the test piece 01.

[0070] Specifically, the exhaust rate and flow rate of the cooling exhaust pipe are set according to the test standard of test piece 01, and the rotation angle of the control nozzle is set to achieve directional impact of the airflow on test piece 01. After the heat preservation time of test piece 01 meets the requirements, the displacement control component 3 moves test piece 01 out of the heating component 2, and the cold air generated by the cooling exhaust pipe is sprayed onto test piece 01 to cool it down.

[0071] S5: Determine whether the test piece 01 after cooling treatment meets the test requirements. If the test piece 01 meets the test requirements, proceed with steps S1 to S4 above; if the test piece 01 does not meet the test requirements, terminate the test.

[0072] In summary, the test apparatus and method provided in this application address the technical bottlenecks of existing thermal shock test apparatuses for hot-end components of aero-engines, such as coarse temperature control and insufficient simulation of operating conditions. This apparatus, through modular fixture design, can adapt to various types of thermal shock test specimens 01, including composite materials, metal alloys, and assembly structures, overcoming the sample compatibility limitations of traditional equipment. Under actual aero-engine operating conditions, hot-end components face temperature gradients and uneven temperature distribution. This test apparatus can closely mimic actual operating conditions, achieving precise temperature control of the heated / cooled test specimen 01 during the test process. Through technical means, it controls the temperature of different parts of the component to achieve ideal operating conditions. When heating the test specimen 01, compared to traditional gas thermal scouring tests, the test apparatus uses a high-temperature furnace precise temperature control system instead of the traditional gas thermal scouring method. The heating rate, cooling rate, and temperature control accuracy of the high-temperature furnace are all at industry-leading levels. When cooling the test specimen 01, a dual-gas-path independent temperature control cooling system and a 360° rotating universal nozzle are used to achieve uniform cooling and gradient cooling of the entire surface of the test specimen 01. Based on this test setup, the structural dynamic response capability of an engine under temperature changes during operation can be effectively simulated. This test setup represents a significant breakthrough in temperature control accuracy, realism of operating condition simulation, and automation of the testing process. It provides a more efficient and reliable testing method for material performance evaluation and structural optimization design of hot-end components of aero-engines, effectively shortening the R&D cycle and reducing testing costs.

[0073] Furthermore, this application has the following advantages: The testing device of this application achieves multi-dimensional control of thermal shock testing through precise temperature control, dynamic cooling, and fully automated circulation technology. Compared with other devices, this device has significant advantages in temperature control, temperature monitoring, and monitoring of the sample surface temperature during the circulation process: Precise monitoring and temperature control: Thermocouple 12 monitors in real time, and the high-temperature furnace and dual-gas-path system achieve precise adjustment of heating / cooling rate and temperature through closed-loop control. Multi-mode distributed cooling: Servo motor drives the steering pulley to adjust the position of the test piece 01 and the nozzle, supporting overall uniform cooling, stepped cooling, and directional distributed cooling. Fully automated circulation: PLC preset program controls the lifting and lowering cycle, supports continuous testing, and is adaptable to various types of samples such as composite materials and metal components, meeting the needs of aerospace, new material research and development, and other fields.

[0074] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A thermal shock testing apparatus, characterized in that, The test apparatus includes a test frame, a heating component, a displacement control component, and a cooling component; The test frame has space for the heating assembly, displacement control assembly, and cooling assembly; The heating component has a channel opening; The displacement control component is mounted on the test frame and is used to move the test piece into the heating component through the channel or to move the test piece out of the heating component. The cooling component is mounted on the test frame and is used to cool the test piece that has been pulled out from inside the heating component.

2. The thermal shock testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating assembly includes an insulation shell and multiple heating elements; The inner wall of the insulation shell includes a top wall, side walls, and a bottom wall; The plurality of heating elements are respectively disposed on the top wall, the side wall and the bottom wall; The thermal insulation shell also includes a thermal insulation layer, an intermediate layer, and a protective layer that are stacked sequentially from its interior to its exterior.

3. The thermal shock testing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heating element includes a quartz lamp array structure or a silicon molybdenum rod array structure.

4. The thermal shock testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The displacement control assembly includes a lifting motor, a lifting roller, a lifting rope, and a fixed pulley; The fixed pulley is mounted on the test frame; During the test, the heating component was located directly below the fixed pulley; The lifting roller is rotatably connected to the test frame; One end of the lifting rope is connected to the lifting roller, and the other end is wound around the fixed pulley and partially extends out of the fixed pulley. The test piece is connected to the end of the lifting rope away from the lifting roller. The lifting motor is used to drive the lifting roller to rotate.

5. The thermal shock testing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The displacement control assembly also includes a clamping structure; The clamping structure is located at the end of the lifting rope away from the lifting roller, and is used to clamp the test piece.

6. The thermal shock testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling component includes an annular cooling section; the annular cooling section is located at the channel opening of the heating component.

7. The thermal shock testing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The annular cooling section includes an annular gas collecting block; The annular gas collecting block is located on top of the heating assembly; wherein, the interior of the annular gas collecting block has a plurality of cooling nozzles evenly distributed along its circumference, and the spray angle of the cooling nozzles is variable.

8. The thermal shock testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test apparatus also includes a control module, a cooling module, and a heating module; The control module is used to control the opening and closing of the displacement control component; The cooling module is used to control the cooling rate of the cooling component; The heating module is used to control the heating rate of the heating component.

9. A thermal shock test method, characterized in that, The test method includes: Connect the test specimen to the displacement control assembly; Place the heating element in the placement space and turn on the heating element; The displacement control component moves the test piece into the heating component; The displacement control component moves the heated test piece out of the heating component, and the cooling component cools the test piece.

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