Light field quantum state regulation and control method and device based on solid higher harmonic generation condition

Abstract

The invention provides a light field quantum state regulation and control method and device based on solid higher harmonic generation conditions, and relates to the technical field of quantum optics. The laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid higher harmonic are controlled according to the control variable strategy, and higher harmonics of different quantum states are obtained; performing quantization conversion processing on higher harmonics of different quantum states to obtain a plurality of Wigner functions used for representing light field quantum state description; and performing function feature analysis on the Wigner function to obtain a light field quantum state regulation and control result including an optical modem state and a coherent state. The invention is used for solving the technical problem that the quantum state of the light field is difficult to directionally regulate and control by using the generation condition of the solid higher harmonic in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of quantum optics technology, specifically to a method and apparatus for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the conditions for generating higher harmonics in a solid. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of quantum optics, optical field quantum states include optical cat states and coherent states. Among them, the optical cat state, as an important non-classical quantum state, possesses both quantum superposition properties and a certain degree of noise resistance, making it irreplaceable in key technology areas such as quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum precision measurement. For example, in quantum key distribution systems, the optical cat state can effectively reduce the interference of channel noise on quantum signals, improving the security and transmission distance of key distribution; in quantum computing, qubits constructed based on the optical cat state can reduce decoherence effects, improving the stability and computational efficiency of quantum computing.

[0003] Currently, the preparation and manipulation methods for optical cat states mainly focus on traditional techniques based on atomic systems, optical resonant cavity systems, and nonlinear optical crystals, but all of these have some shortcomings that cannot meet the requirements. With the rapid development of solid-state high harmonic generation (HHG) technology, its advantages of ultra-high photon energy, extremely short pulse width, and ability to operate at room temperature and in atmospheric environments provide a completely new technical approach for the preparation and manipulation of optical cat states. Solid-state high harmonic generation (HHG) is the phenomenon of high-order harmonic photons being emitted by the interaction between a strong laser field and a solid target material, causing strong ionization, acceleration, and recombination of electrons in the solid target material. It can achieve coherent radiation output from the ultraviolet to the soft X-ray band. At present, research on solid-state HHG mainly focuses on improving harmonic generation efficiency, expanding the harmonic spectrum, and optimizing pulse characteristics. For example, the harmonic yield can be improved by optimizing the material composition of the solid target material (such as doped semiconductors, two-dimensional materials, etc.) and adjusting the intensity and polarization state of the laser field.

[0004] However, existing technologies lack a systematic analysis of the quantum state evolution law in the generation process of solid high harmonics based on quantum optics theory. This is mainly reflected in the inability to achieve directional control of the quantum state parameters of the optical field by controlling the generation conditions of solid high harmonics, the lack of effective processing methods for the quantum transformation process of solid high harmonics, and the difficulty in accurately obtaining various quantum state information such as optical cat state and coherent state.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies are insufficient for the directional control of multiple parameters of quantum states, and cannot meet the needs of different quantum technology application scenarios for the coordinated optimization of multiple parameters of quantum states. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a method and device for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solids, so as to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to control the quantum state of an optical field in a directional manner using the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solids in the prior art.

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-state systems, comprising: When generating solid-state higher harmonics by interacting with a driving laser and a solid target, the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics are controlled according to a control variable strategy to obtain higher harmonics of different quantum states. The higher harmonics of the different quantum states are quantized to obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing the quantum state description of the optical field; Functional characteristic analysis was performed on the Wigner function to obtain several different optical field quantum state manipulation results, including optical cat state and coherent state.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the control variable strategy includes: Under the condition of fixing the laser wavelength of the driving laser, select multiple different harmonic orders of the solid higher harmonics; Alternatively, under the condition of fixing the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics, multiple different laser wavelengths of the driving laser can be selected.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the process of acquiring the higher harmonics of the different quantum states includes: Based on the control variable strategy, the configuration combination of the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonic is determined; In each of the aforementioned configuration combinations, a corresponding driving electric field is generated by the interaction between the driving laser and the solid target, and the high-order harmonic optical signal radiated by the driving electric field is collected.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the quantization transformation of the higher harmonics of the different quantum states to obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing the quantum state description of the optical field includes: For each quantum state's higher harmonics, determine the laser-induced current that drives the laser when the higher harmonics are generated; The laser-induced current is subjected to Fourier transform processing to obtain the total current in the frequency domain; The total current in the frequency domain is converted into the coherent amplitude displacement of the driving laser according to a preset quantum conversion coefficient. Based on the coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser, the Wigner function used to characterize the quantum state description of the optical field is calculated.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the functional characterization of the Wigner function yields multiple different results of optical field quantum state manipulation, including: When the control variable strategy is to fix the laser wavelength of the driving laser, the function characteristics of the Wigner function under different harmonic orders are determined, and the quantum state type is identified according to the function characteristics to obtain the optical field quantum state modulation results under multiple different harmonic orders. When the control variable strategy is to fix the harmonic order of the solid high harmonics, the function characteristics of the Wigner function under different laser wavelengths are determined, and the quantum state type is identified according to the function characteristics to obtain the light field quantum state modulation results under multiple different laser wavelengths.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the step of identifying the quantum state type based on the functional characteristics to obtain the optical field quantum state manipulation results under multiple different harmonic orders includes: At each harmonic order, the function characteristics are divided according to a preset first characteristic interval to obtain the corresponding optical field quantum state modulation result; The process of identifying quantum state types based on the functional characteristics to obtain optical field quantum state manipulation results at multiple different laser wavelengths includes: At each laser wavelength, the function features are divided according to a preset second feature interval to obtain the corresponding optical field quantum state modulation result.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the function features include the percentage of the area where the Wigner function takes a negative value.

[0014] The present invention also provides a device for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solids, comprising: The harmonic acquisition module is used to control the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonics according to the control variable strategy when generating solid high-order harmonics by the interaction between the driving laser and the solid target material, so as to obtain high-order harmonics of different quantum states. The quantum conversion module is used to quantize the higher harmonics of the different quantum states to obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing the quantum state description of the optical field. The modulation and analysis module is used to perform function characteristic analysis on the Wigner function to obtain multiple different light field quantum state modulation results.

[0015] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a program; the processor is coupled to the memory and is used to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on solid-state higher harmonic generation conditions as described above.

[0016] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on solid-state higher harmonic generation conditions described above.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the above implementation are as follows: The optical field quantum state control method and device based on solid-state higher harmonic generation conditions provided by this invention control the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics through a control variable strategy, creating a variety of different solid-state higher harmonic generation conditions. Based on this, by analyzing the Wigner function obtained from the quantum transformation of solid-state higher harmonics, the optical field quantum state control results under different control conditions can be intuitively quantified, realizing precise hierarchical control of non-classical optical states. The control variable strategy significantly improves the control flexibility, meeting the needs of different quantum technology application scenarios for multi-parameter collaborative optimization of optical field quantum states. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on solid-state higher harmonic generation conditions provided by this invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the driving electric field generated at a fixed laser wavelength provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the results of optical field quantum state manipulation under different harmonic orders provided by this invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the driving electric field generated at different laser wavelengths provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the quantum state modulation results of the optical field at different laser wavelengths provided by this invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the optical field quantum state manipulation device based on solid-state high-harmonic generation conditions provided by the present invention; Figure 7A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0022] In this embodiment of the invention, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, apparatus, product or device that includes a series of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or modules that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or modules that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product or device.

[0023] The naming or numbering of steps in the embodiments of the present invention does not mean that the steps in the method flow must be executed in the time / logical order indicated by the naming or numbering. The execution order of the named or numbered process steps can be changed according to the technical purpose to be achieved, as long as the same or similar technical effect can be achieved.

[0024] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0025] The optical field quantum state manipulation method based on solid-state high-harmonic generation conditions of this invention can be applied to control systems or devices for preparing optical cat states and coherent states. The executing entity can be a server, terminal, or cloud device. In specific implementation, MATLAB software is used to simulate the interaction between the driving laser and the solid target. When solid-state high-harmonics are generated, high-harmonics of different quantum states are collected and acquired. Then, the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on solid-state high-harmonic generation conditions of this invention is used to manipulate the optical field quantum state, ultimately obtaining multiple different optical field quantum state manipulation results, specifically including optical cat state and coherent state manipulation results.

[0026] The following describes the method for controlling the quantum state of the optical field based on the generation conditions of high-order harmonics in solids provided by this invention. Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solids, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on the solid-state high harmonic generation condition is implemented by steps 101 to 103, which are explained in detail below.

[0027] Step 101: When generating solid-state higher harmonics by interacting with a driving laser and a solid target, the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics are controlled according to the control variable strategy to obtain higher harmonics of different quantum states.

[0028] Here, the laser wavelength must first be determined. Harmonic order The quantitative correlation between the quantum properties of the optical cat state and the generation of solid-state higher harmonics through the interaction of a strong laser field with a solid target material, and the laser wavelength The photon energy that drives the electric field is determined, which in turn affects the ionization energy and acceleration trajectory of electrons in the solid target, and the harmonic order. The energy corresponding to higher harmonic photons ( The fundamental frequency doubling photon energy is directly related to the quantum energy level distribution of the optical cat state. And by changing the laser wavelength... or harmonic order This allows for the manipulation of the quantum properties of the generated solid-state higher harmonics.

[0029] The strong laser field can be achieved by generating a driving electric field using a driving laser. The driving laser can be an infrared laser in the mid-infrared band. The solid target material is selected from those with high nonlinear coefficients and good optical homogeneity, such as zinc oxide single crystal or graphene-based composite materials. This embodiment of the invention will use zinc oxide as an example for illustration. Zinc oxide can ensure efficient interaction between the driving electric field and the target material, stably generating solid-state high-order harmonics. The interaction between the driving laser and the solid target material can be simulated using MATLAB software. The lattice parameters, spatial grid, and laser parameters (i.e., laser wavelength) are defined using MATLAB software. (Laser intensity), setting the laser wavelength to drive the laser. For example, it can be set to 3200nm, 3400nm, 3600nm, etc., and the laser intensity can be set to... Zinc oxide is set as the solid target material, and the harmonic order q for generating higher harmonics in the solid is also set, such as the 3rd, 11th, 13th, 23rd, etc. After the parameters are set, MATLAB software is used to simulate the interaction between the laser and zinc oxide, and optical signal data of higher harmonics in different quantum states are collected.

[0030] When generating solid-state higher harmonics by interacting a driving laser with a solid target, this invention proposes a control variable strategy to control the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics, thereby obtaining higher harmonics of different quantum states through interaction. Unless otherwise stated, the higher harmonics mentioned below refer to solid-state higher harmonics. The laser wavelength is changed by controlling the variable. or harmonic order The quantum properties of solid-state high harmonics can be controlled, thereby enabling high harmonic photons to form optical cat states and coherent states with specific superposition states.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the control variable strategy specifically includes: selecting multiple different harmonic orders of the solid-state higher harmonics while keeping the laser wavelength of the driving laser fixed; or, selecting multiple different laser wavelengths of the driving laser while keeping the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics fixed.

[0032] The controlled variable strategy specifically employs the controlled variable method commonly used in mathematics, which involves fixing one variable and studying the impact of changes in other variables on the final result. Here, the controlled variable strategy is used to achieve a two-dimensional control path. The first selectable control path involves fixing the laser wavelength of the driving laser. Under certain conditions, the harmonic order q can be adjusted to achieve quantum state manipulation of the optical field with different harmonic orders at the same laser wavelength. For example, by fixing the laser wavelength... With 3400nm constant, multiple different harmonic orders (i.e., q values ​​of 3, 13, and 23) are selected for modulation. A second possible modulation path is to adjust the laser wavelength while keeping the harmonic order q of the solid-state higher harmonics constant. This allows for the manipulation of quantum states of optical fields of the same order but different wavelengths. For example, by fixing the harmonic order q at 11th order, multiple different laser wavelengths such as 3200nm, 3400nm, and 3600nm can be selected (i.e., The values ​​are 3200, 3400, and 3600 for regulation.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, the laser wavelength is independently adjusted through a control variable strategy. Harmonic order This enables flexible control of the optical cat state in both wavelength and order dimensions, covering a much wider range than traditional methods based on crystal or atomic systems. It can meet the diverse needs of different scenarios such as quantum communication and quantum computing for the quantum state parameters of the optical field.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the process of acquiring higher harmonics of different quantum states includes: determining a configuration combination of the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid higher harmonics according to a control variable strategy; under each configuration combination, generating a corresponding driving electric field by the interaction between the driving laser and the solid target, and acquiring the optical signal of the higher harmonics radiated by the driving electric field.

[0035] Here, by adjusting the parameters of the controlled variable strategy, various different configuration combinations can be obtained to determine the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic orders of the solid-state higher harmonics. In each configuration combination, the laser wavelength of the driving laser is set to interact with the solid target material (i.e., zinc oxide). This process generates a corresponding driving electric field, which radiates higher harmonic optical signals. By acquiring these signals, higher harmonics of different orders can be obtained. Specifically, the strong field ionization effect generated by the driving laser ionizes the valence band electrons in the solid target material to a continuous state. After accelerating in the laser field, some electrons recombine into the valence band ground state, simultaneously radiating higher harmonics that are integer multiples of the driving electric field frequency.

[0036] Therefore, under each configuration combination of control variables, optical signals of higher harmonics of various quantum states can be collected for subsequent analysis and verification of the optical cat state.

[0037] This invention proposes a multi-parameter collaborative control mechanism, which achieves the configuration and combination of control parameters by controlling variables. Under each configuration combination, the laser wavelength and harmonic order are independently set to realize the directional control of the quantum properties of the optical cat state, breaking through the limitation of the single control dimension of traditional methods.

[0038] Step 102: Quantize the higher harmonics of different quantum states to obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing the quantum state description of the optical field.

[0039] Here, a complete conversion system from high-order harmonic signals to quantum state descriptions is achieved through quantization transformation. The Wigner function, a quantum state characterization tool, can intuitively and accurately verify the non-classical characteristics of optical cat states and coherent states.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the higher harmonics of different quantum states are quantized to obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing the quantum state description of the optical field. This can be achieved in the following ways, which are explained in detail below.

[0041] First, for each quantum state's higher harmonics, the laser-induced current driving the laser to generate the higher harmonics is determined. Here, the laser-induced current is used to determine the harmonic amplitude of the higher harmonics, thereby determining the total current in the corresponding frequency domain. This is because the generation of higher harmonics in solids originates from two distinct contributions: in-band current and interband current. The in-band current originates from the Bloch oscillations of electrons in a single energy band under laser drive, while the interband current involves electron transitions between the valence band and the conduction band.

[0042] In this field, existing technologies have achieved the separation of intraband and interband currents by analyzing the interaction between infrared lasers and solid targets, ultimately calculating the total laser-induced current. Specifically, the principle involves determining the external-field-free Hamiltonian during the interaction and constructing eigenvalue equations. Then, eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors are obtained by solving eigenmethods to determine eigenenergys and eigenstates, thereby determining the eigenstate wavefunctions to distinguish the highest valence band and lowest conduction band of electrons. The distributed Fourier method is then used to evolve the eigenstate wavefunctions, enabling the separation of intraband and interband currents. Finally, these two currents are summed to obtain the total laser-induced current, specifically the time-domain laser-induced current, denoted as J(t), where t represents time.

[0043] Furthermore, the laser-induced current is subjected to Fourier transform processing to obtain the total current in the frequency domain, and the total current in the frequency domain is converted into the coherent state amplitude displacement driving the laser according to the preset quantization conversion coefficient.

[0044] The conversion process from the laser-induced current to the coherent state amplitude shift of the driving laser can be expressed by the following formula: (1) in, To drive the coherent state amplitude shift of the laser, and Here, q represents the harmonic order, and N is the coefficient factor. For quantized conversion coefficients, To reduce Planck's constant, The frequency of the driving electric field, The vacuum permittivity, For quantized volume, The total current in the frequency domain is obtained by performing a Fourier transform on the laser-induced current J(t), and fft is the processing function of the Fourier transform.

[0045] By performing Fourier transform and quantization transformation of the laser-induced current, the core constituent unit of the optical cat state, that is, the amplitude shift of the coherent state driving the laser, can be obtained. The physical properties (amplitude and phase) of the quantum state directly determine its quantum behavior. To intuitively characterize the phase space distribution and non-classical properties of this quantum state, the Wigner function, a quasi-probability distribution tool commonly used in quantum optics, needs to be introduced for analysis.

[0046] Finally, based on the coherent state amplitude shift of the driving laser, the Wigner function used to characterize the quantum state description of the optical field is calculated.

[0047] Here, the complex number of phase space is represented as ( Y is the real component, representing position, and Y is the imaginary component, representing momentum. This is achieved by controlling the amplitude displacement of the coherent state of the driving laser. The calculated Wigner function used to characterize the quantum state description of the light field It can be represented as: (2) in, is the normalization factor for the Wigner function. Corresponding to the coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser, for The complex conjugate, The coherent state amplitude shift driving the laser reflects the loss of the fundamental mode due to the generation of higher harmonics, where... , This indicates the harmonic order corresponding to the harmonic spectrum cutoff region. and It is the decoherence factor. = , It is a minor harmonic order. It is the coherent state amplitude displacement corresponding to the secondary harmonic order.

[0048] By quantizing the higher harmonics of different quantum states one by one, multiple Wigner functions can be obtained to characterize the quantum state of the light field, so as to analyze the control results of the quantum state of the light field in a targeted manner.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, by quantizing higher harmonics into Wigner functions for characterizing the quantum state of an optical field, the Wigner function can intuitively quantify key parameters such as the quantum superposition and nonclassical nature of the optical field quantum state. This solves the problem that the results of traditional methods are difficult to quantify and verify, and provides a reliable performance evaluation basis for the application of various types of optical field quantum states.

[0050] Step 103: Perform function characteristic analysis on the Wigner function to obtain multiple different results of quantum state manipulation of the optical field.

[0051] Step 102 allows the conversion of corresponding higher harmonics into Wigner functions characterizing the quantum state of the optical field for each configuration combination determined by the control variable strategy. Further analysis of the Wigner function's characteristics reveals different types of optical field quantum state manipulation results. These characteristics can include the function's value characteristics, such as negative values, peak values, and the distribution pattern of those values. In practice, since the control variable strategy achieves two-dimensional manipulation, targeted function characteristic analysis is necessary to obtain wavelength-specific or order-specific quantum state manipulation results. These results include optical cat states and coherent states, meaning the manipulation of quantum states into optical cat states and coherent states. The optical cat state can be further subdivided into kitten states and standard cat states.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the Wigner function is subjected to function characteristic analysis to obtain multiple different optical field quantum state manipulation results. This can be achieved in the following ways, which are explained in detail below.

[0053] When the control variable strategy is to fix the laser wavelength of the driving laser, the function characteristics of the Wigner function under different harmonic orders are determined, and the quantum state type is identified based on the function characteristics, so as to obtain the optical field quantum state control results under multiple different harmonic orders.

[0054] Here, when the control variable strategy is to fix the laser wavelength of the driving laser, it means that the configuration combination during regulation is to set multiple harmonic orders of higher harmonics under the condition of fixing the laser wavelength of the driving laser. That is, a fixed driving electric field is generated by the fixed laser wavelength, so that the driving laser interacts with the solid target material to generate solid higher harmonics of multiple harmonic orders, and then the corresponding quantization conversion process is used to obtain the Wigner function.

[0055] After determining the function characteristics of the Wigner function at different harmonic orders, the quantum state type is then identified based on the function characteristics, resulting in the control results of the optical field quantum state at multiple different harmonic orders.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the function characteristic can be the proportion of the area where the Wigner function takes negative values. This proportion is the ratio of the area of ​​the region where the Wigner function takes negative values ​​to the total area of ​​the entire Wigner function. Here, a characteristic threshold can be set based on this proportion to divide the characteristic interval and distinguish the results of different quantum state manipulations. The proportion of the negative area effectively measures the functional characteristics of the Wigner function, clearly describes its quantum properties, and is the best indicator for distinguishing differences in quantum states.

[0057] Specifically, at each harmonic order, the function characteristics are divided according to a preset first characteristic interval to obtain the corresponding optical field quantum state control result.

[0058] Assuming the current driving laser is set to a specific wavelength... A schematic diagram of the driving electric field generated by a fixed wavelength of 3400 nm is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This demonstrates the time-varying magnitude of the driving electric field generated by a laser at a wavelength of 3400 nm. Different harmonic orders q represent the 3rd, 13th, and 23rd orders. By analyzing the functional characteristics of the Wigner functions for these three harmonic orders, the quantum state modulation results of the optical field under each harmonic order can be determined. Specifically, as shown below... Figure 3 As shown.

[0059] In practical implementation, a corresponding feature threshold can be preset based on the function characteristics to divide the region into multiple first feature regions. Then, by determining which first feature region the function characteristic falls into, the result of the quantum state manipulation of the light field can be judged. Specifically, this includes the cat state, the standard cat state, and the coherent state. The function characteristic can be the proportion of the area where the Wigner function takes a negative value; therefore, the feature threshold can be set based on the proportion of the area to divide the feature interval.

[0060] For example, the feature threshold can be -0.20 or 0, and the range of the first feature region can be less than -0.20, -0.20 to 0, or greater than 0. Figure 3 As shown in (a), when the harmonic order is q (the 3rd order), the negative region of the cat-state Wigner function is significant, with an area ratio of -0.21, meaning the area of ​​the region where the function takes a negative value accounts for 21%. This will not be explained further later. At this point, it can be determined that the quantum state modulation result of the optical field exhibits typical cat-state characteristics. Figure 3 As shown in (b), when the harmonic order q is set to the 13th order, the negative region of the Wigner function of the optical cat state is more obvious, with a region area ratio of -0.12. At this time, it can be determined that the optical field quantum state modulation result is a standard cat state characteristic. Figure 3 As shown in (c), when the harmonic order q is set to the 23rd order, the negative region of the Wigner function of the optical cat state is basically non-existent, that is, there is no negative value, and the value is close to symmetry. Therefore, it can be determined that the result of the quantum state modulation of the optical field is the coherent optical characteristics of the coherent state.

[0061] Therefore, with a fixed laser wavelength for driving the laser Under the condition of 3400nm, by setting different harmonic orders of 3rd, 13th and 23rd, the modulation results of the optical cat state were finally determined to be kitten state, standard cat state and coherent state according to the Wigner function.

[0062] When the control variable strategy is to fix the harmonic order of the higher harmonics of the solid, the function characteristics of the Wigner function under different laser wavelengths are determined, and the quantum state type is identified based on the function characteristics, so as to obtain the optical field quantum state control results under multiple different laser wavelengths.

[0063] Here, when the control variable strategy is to fix the laser wavelength of the driving laser, it means that the configuration combination during regulation is to set multiple laser wavelengths of the driving laser under the condition of fixed harmonic orders of higher harmonics. That is, multiple different driving electric fields are generated by using multiple laser wavelengths of the driving laser, so that the driving laser interacts with the solid target material to generate solid higher harmonics of fixed harmonic orders, and then the corresponding quantization conversion is processed to obtain the Wigner function.

[0064] After determining the functional characteristics of the Wigner function at different laser wavelengths, the quantum state type is then identified based on the functional characteristics, resulting in the control results of the optical field quantum state at multiple different harmonic orders.

[0065] Specifically, at each laser wavelength, the function characteristics are divided according to a preset second characteristic interval to obtain the corresponding optical field quantum state control result.

[0066] Assuming the current driving laser is set to different laser wavelengths The diagrams showing the different driving electric fields generated at 3200nm, 3400nm, and 3600nm are as follows. Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 Images (a), (b), and (c) show the time-varying magnitude of the driving electric field at laser wavelengths of 3200 nm, 3400 nm, and 3600 nm, respectively. With the harmonic order q of the higher harmonics fixed at the 11th order, the quantum state modulation results of the optical field at the three laser wavelengths can be determined by analyzing the functional characteristics of the Wigner function. For details, please refer to... Figure 5 The diagram shown is shown in the image.

[0067] In practical implementation, similar to fixing the laser wavelength, the corresponding feature threshold can be preset according to the function characteristics to divide it into multiple second feature regions. Then, by determining which second feature region the function characteristics are in, the corresponding light field quantum state control result can be determined. Specifically, it also includes three quantum states: cat state, standard cat state, and coherent state.

[0068] For example, the feature threshold could be -0.30 or 0, and the range of the divided second feature region could be less than -0.30, -0.30 to 0, or greater than 0. Figure 5As shown in (a), when the laser wavelength is set to 3200 nm, the morphology of the cat-state Wigner function is closer to the displacement Fock state, with a significant negative region and an area ratio of -0.38. At this point, it can be determined that the quantum state modulation result of the optical field exhibits typical cat-state characteristics. Figure 5 As shown in (b), when the laser wavelength is set to 3400 nm, the Wigner function exhibits a unique ring structure with a significant negative value distribution in the central region. The negative value region is quite prominent, with an area ratio of -0.15. At this point, it can be determined that the quantum state modulation result of the optical field is a standard cat state characteristic. Figure 5 As shown in (c), when the laser wavelength is set to 3600nm, the negative region of the Wigner function is basically non-existent, that is, there are no negative values, and the values ​​are close to symmetry. Therefore, it can be determined that the result of the quantum state modulation of the light field is the coherent light characteristic of the coherent state.

[0069] Therefore, under the condition that the harmonic order q of the higher harmonic is fixed at 11th order, by setting different laser wavelengths of 3200nm, 3400nm and 3600nm, the final control results of the optical cat state are determined to be the kitten state, the standard cat state and the coherent state respectively according to the Wigner function.

[0070] After determining the results of the quantum state manipulation of the optical field, the output can be performed by wavelength or by order. Based on the output results, the differences in the manipulation effects of three different optical field quantum states—the cat state, the standard cat state, and the coherent state—can be analyzed at different wavelengths and orders, providing a quantitative basis for the precise customization of the optical cat state and the coherent state.

[0071] This invention, under a controlled variable strategy, achieves hierarchical control of quantum states in different optical fields by directly analyzing the function characteristics of the Wigner function, exhibiting high flexibility and applicability. Furthermore, setting thresholds for classification based on the Wigner function graph clearly distinguishes optical state characteristics, improving the reliability of control results for different quantum states. This embodiment fully utilizes the high atomic density of solids, increasing the yield of the optical cat state to [a higher level]. The level is several orders of magnitude higher than that of gas high-harmonic generation schemes, providing a reliable basis for the on-demand preparation of quantum states in different optical fields.

[0072] In summary, the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on solid-state higher harmonic generation conditions provided by this invention controls the laser wavelength driving the laser and the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics through a control variable strategy, creating various different solid-state higher harmonic generation conditions. Based on this, by analyzing the Wigner function obtained from the quantization transformation of solid-state higher harmonics, the optical field quantum state manipulation results under different manipulation conditions can be intuitively quantified, realizing precise hierarchical manipulation of non-classical optical states. The control variable strategy significantly improves the flexibility of manipulation, meeting the needs of multi-parameter collaborative optimization of optical field quantum state manipulation in different quantum technology application scenarios.

[0073] The following describes the optical field quantum state manipulation device based on solid-state high-harmonic generation conditions provided by this invention.

[0074] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the optical field quantum state manipulation device based on solid-state high-harmonic generation conditions provided by the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the optical field quantum state control device based on the generation conditions of solid-state high harmonics specifically includes: a harmonic acquisition module 601, a quantum conversion module 602, and a control analysis module 603.

[0075] Specifically, the harmonic acquisition module 601 is used to control the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonics according to a control variable strategy when generating solid high-order harmonics by the interaction between the driving laser and the solid target material, thereby obtaining high-order harmonics of different quantum states; the quantum conversion module 602 is used to perform quantization conversion processing on the high-order harmonics of the different quantum states to obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing the quantum state description of the optical field; the modulation analysis module 603 is used to perform function characteristic analysis on the Wigner functions to obtain multiple different optical field quantum state modulation results, including optical cat states and coherent states.

[0076] The optical field quantum state control device based on solid-state high harmonic generation conditions provided in the above embodiments can realize the technical solutions described in the above embodiments of the optical field quantum state control method based on solid-state high harmonic generation conditions. The specific implementation principles of each module or unit can be found in the corresponding content in the above embodiments of the optical field quantum state control method based on solid-state high harmonic generation conditions, and their technical effects can also be referred to each other, which will not be repeated here.

[0077] like Figure 7 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device 700. The electronic device 700 includes a processor 701, a memory 702, and a display 703. Figure 7 Only some components of the electronic device 700 are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement all the components shown, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead.

[0078] In some embodiments, memory 702 may be an internal storage unit of electronic device 700, such as a hard disk or memory of electronic device 700. In other embodiments, memory 702 may also be an external storage device of electronic device 700, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc. equipped on electronic device 700.

[0079] Furthermore, the memory 702 may include both internal storage units of the electronic device 700 and external storage devices. The memory 702 is used to store application software and various types of data installed on the electronic device 700.

[0080] In some embodiments, processor 701 may be a central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor, or other data processing chip, used to run program code stored in memory 702 or process data, such as the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on solid-state higher harmonic generation conditions in this invention.

[0081] In some embodiments, display 703 may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, or an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touchscreen. Display 703 is used to display information from electronic device 700 and to display a visual user interface. Components 1001-1003 of electronic device 700 communicate with each other via a system bus.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the processor 701 executes the optical field quantum state manipulation program in the memory 702, the following steps can be implemented: when generating solid-state higher harmonics by interacting with a driving laser and a solid target, the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics are controlled according to a control variable strategy to obtain higher harmonics of different quantum states; the higher harmonics of the different quantum states are subjected to quantization conversion processing to obtain multiple Wigner functions used to characterize the optical field quantum state description; the Wigner functions are subjected to function characteristic analysis to obtain multiple different optical field quantum state manipulation results, including optical cat states and coherent states.

[0083] It should be understood that when the processor 701 executes the light field quantum state manipulation program in the memory 702, in addition to the functions mentioned above, it can also perform other functions, as can be found in the description of the corresponding method embodiments above.

[0084] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention do not specifically limit the type of electronic device 700 mentioned. Electronic device 700 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), wearable device, laptop computer, or other portable electronic device. Exemplary embodiments of portable electronic devices include, but are not limited to, portable electronic devices running iOS, Android, Microsoft, or other operating systems. The aforementioned portable electronic device can also be other portable electronic devices, such as a laptop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch panel). It should also be understood that in some other embodiments of the present invention, electronic device 700 may not be a portable electronic device, but rather a desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch panel).

[0085] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on the solid-state higher harmonic generation conditions provided by the above methods. The method includes: when generating solid-state higher harmonics by interacting with a driving laser and a solid target, controlling the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics according to a control variable strategy to obtain higher harmonics of different quantum states; performing quantization transformation on the higher harmonics of the different quantum states to obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing the optical field quantum state description; performing function characteristic analysis on the Wigner functions to obtain multiple different optical field quantum state manipulation results, the optical field quantum state manipulation results including optical cat states and coherent states.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the methods described in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be a disk, optical disk, read-only memory, or random access memory, etc.

[0087] The above provides a detailed description of the optical field quantum state manipulation method and device based on solid-state high-harmonic generation conditions provided by the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solids, characterized in that, include: When generating solid-state higher harmonics by interacting with a driving laser and a solid target, the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics are controlled according to a control variable strategy to obtain higher harmonics of different quantum states. The higher harmonics of the different quantum states are quantized to obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing the quantum state description of the optical field; Functional characteristic analysis was performed on the Wigner function to obtain several different optical field quantum state manipulation results, including optical cat state and coherent state.

2. The method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-states according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control variable strategy includes: Under the condition of fixing the laser wavelength of the driving laser, select multiple different harmonic orders of the solid higher harmonics; Alternatively, under the condition of fixing the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonics, multiple different laser wavelengths of the driving laser can be selected.

3. The method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-state systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of acquiring the higher harmonics of the different quantum states includes: Based on the control variable strategy, the configuration combination of the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid-state higher harmonic is determined; In each of the aforementioned configuration combinations, a corresponding driving electric field is generated by the interaction between the driving laser and the solid target, and the high-order harmonic optical signal radiated by the driving electric field is collected.

4. The method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-state systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of quantizing the higher harmonics of the different quantum states to obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing the quantum state description of the optical field includes: For each quantum state's higher harmonics, determine the laser-induced current that drives the laser when the higher harmonics are generated; The laser-induced current is subjected to Fourier transform processing to obtain the total current in the frequency domain; The total current in the frequency domain is converted into the coherent amplitude displacement of the driving laser according to a preset quantum conversion coefficient. Based on the coherent state amplitude displacement of the driving laser, the Wigner function used to characterize the quantum state description of the optical field is calculated.

5. The method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-states according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional characterization of the Wigner function yields several different results of optical field quantum state manipulation, including: When the control variable strategy is to fix the laser wavelength of the driving laser, the function characteristics of the Wigner function under different harmonic orders are determined, and the quantum state type is identified according to the function characteristics to obtain the optical field quantum state modulation results under multiple different harmonic orders. When the control variable strategy is to fix the harmonic order of the solid high harmonics, the function characteristics of the Wigner function under different laser wavelengths are determined, and the quantum state type is identified according to the function characteristics to obtain the light field quantum state modulation results under multiple different laser wavelengths.

6. The method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-states according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of identifying quantum state types based on the function characteristics to obtain optical field quantum state manipulation results under multiple different harmonic orders includes: At each harmonic order, the function characteristics are divided according to a preset first characteristic interval to obtain the corresponding optical field quantum state modulation result; The process of identifying quantum state types based on the functional characteristics to obtain optical field quantum state manipulation results at multiple different laser wavelengths includes: At each laser wavelength, the function features are divided according to a preset second feature interval to obtain the corresponding optical field quantum state modulation result.

7. The method for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-states according to claim 6, characterized in that, The functional characteristics include the percentage of the area where the Wigner function takes a negative value.

8. A device for controlling the quantum state of an optical field based on the generation conditions of higher harmonics in solid-state systems, characterized in that, include: The harmonic acquisition module is used to control the laser wavelength of the driving laser and the harmonic order of the solid high-order harmonics according to the control variable strategy when generating solid high-order harmonics by the interaction between the driving laser and the solid target material, so as to obtain high-order harmonics of different quantum states. The quantum conversion module is used to quantize the higher harmonics of the different quantum states to obtain multiple Wigner functions for characterizing the quantum state description of the optical field. The modulation and analysis module is used to perform function characteristic analysis on the Wigner function to obtain multiple different light field quantum state modulation results.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, Including memory and processor, among which, The memory is used to store programs; The processor, coupled to the memory, is used to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on solid-state higher harmonic generation conditions as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the optical field quantum state manipulation method based on solid-state high harmonic generation conditions as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images