Passive temperature and humidity sensing label with intelligent edge processing function

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent sensing and automatic identification crossing, and provides a passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with an edge intelligent processing function, which comprises a radio frequency module, an energy self-adaptive management module and a temperature and humidity sensor, the radio frequency module comprises a communication antenna and an RFID chip; the energy self-adaptive management module and the temperature and humidity sensor are connected with the RFID chip through a hardware interface; the energy self-adaptive management module monitors the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time, and the energy storage capacitor supplies power to the temperature and humidity sensor and the radio frequency module; the RFID chip further comprises an edge intelligent processing unit which intelligently switches working modes according to the voltage level of the energy storage capacitor, dynamically adjusts the sampling frequency of the temperature and humidity sensor and a local data processing algorithm, and returns state information in the corresponding working mode when the tag responds to an instruction of the reader-writer. The label is suitable for dynamically providing key and effective information feedback in an energy-limited environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent sensing and automatic identification technology, specifically to a passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligent processing function. Background Technology

[0002] Passive temperature and humidity sensing tags, as key components of the Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless sensor networks, have been widely used in cold chain logistics, warehouse monitoring, smart agriculture, and other fields. These tags do not require built-in batteries, relying on radio frequency energy harvesting (such as RFID and environmental electromagnetic waves) for power, offering advantages such as maintenance-free operation, long lifespan, and low cost. For example, Chinese invention patent application CN106203585A, "An RFID Electronic Tag with a Temperature and Humidity Sensor," provides an electronic RFID tag that integrates a temperature and humidity sensor with RFID technology. In addition to the basic functions of traditional RFID electronic tags, this RFID electronic tag can also measure changes in temperature and humidity in the working environment. However, in practical applications, its performance is significantly affected by environmental factors, signal interference, and energy limitations, and passive temperature and humidity sensing tags still face a series of technical bottlenecks in practical applications. The fact that these tags rely on environmental radio frequency energy for power supply poses a severe challenge to their reliability under complex working conditions. Regarding detection accuracy, the common problem of cross-sensitivity in sensors leads to mutual interference between temperature and humidity measurements, especially in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, where traditional static compensation models struggle to cope with dynamically changing working conditions. The limitations of existing testing methods further restrict performance optimization. Most testing schemes only perform single-point verification under constant environmental parameters, which cannot simulate rapid temperature changes and extreme humidity conditions in real-world scenarios, nor can they systematically evaluate the impact of RF energy fluctuations on tag performance. This testing blind spot often leads to data drift or communication interruptions when tags are deployed in practice. More importantly, the contradiction between the instability of energy supply and signal quality has not been effectively resolved.

[0003] Furthermore, existing tags merely function as "data pipelines," indiscriminately uploading massive amounts of raw sensor data. This results in immense processing pressure on readers and slow system response, failing to meet the need for real-time early warning of abnormal conditions. Current technologies attempt to alleviate these problems through hardware improvements or fixed threshold adjustments, but they generally lack the ability to perform local computation and intelligent decision-making at the tag terminal, and even more so, they fail to establish a closed-loop correlation between test data and optimization strategies. This technological deficiency significantly diminishes the effectiveness of existing passive tags in monitoring the temperature and humidity of power equipment, necessitating an innovative solution capable of multi-dimensional testing, dynamic optimization, and energy efficiency balance to overcome the current technological bottleneck. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to enable RFID tags to dynamically and adaptively feed back key and effective information in energy-constrained environments.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: This invention provides a passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligent processing function, including an radio frequency module, an energy adaptive management module, and a temperature and humidity sensor; the radio frequency module includes a communication antenna and an RFID chip; the energy adaptive management module and the temperature and humidity sensor are connected to the RFID chip through a hardware interface; The energy adaptive management module monitors the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time and also includes an energy storage capacitor for storing electrical energy to power the temperature and humidity sensor and the radio frequency module. The RFID chip also includes an edge intelligent processing unit. The edge intelligent processing unit intelligently switches the working mode according to the voltage level of the energy storage capacitor, dynamically adjusts the sampling frequency of the temperature and humidity sensor and the local data processing algorithm, and returns the status information of the corresponding working mode when the tag responds to the reader command.

[0006] Preferably, the operating modes include: low power mode, standard mode, and high performance mode.

[0007] Furthermore, the edge intelligent processing unit operates in a low-power mode, specifically performing the following: The system only responds to queries from the reader, performs a single collection of temperature and humidity information, compares the temperature and humidity information with a simple threshold, generates an alarm code based on the comparison result, and returns the alarm code as status information in low-power mode to the reader; the simple threshold is the alarm threshold for temperature and humidity.

[0008] Furthermore, the edge intelligent processing unit operates in standard mode, specifically executing: Temperature and humidity data are obtained by sampling at a preset fixed period. The temperature and humidity information is compared with a complete threshold, and the comparison result is returned to the reader as the status information in the standard mode. The complete threshold is the level range of temperature and humidity.

[0009] Furthermore, the edge intelligent processing unit operates in high-performance mode, specifically executing: Based on the standard mode, the sampling frequency is increased to obtain temperature and humidity data, the built-in intelligent processing algorithm is executed to calculate the statistical characteristics or trends of temperature and humidity data, and the characteristic data representing the statistical characteristics or trends of temperature and humidity are returned to the reader as status information in the high-performance mode.

[0010] Preferably, the memory built into the RFID chip is divided into multiple functional areas, wherein Bank0-Bank1 stores the standard EPC identification code; Bank2 is dedicated to storing the status information and configuration parameters generated by the edge intelligent processing unit; and Bank3 is a reserved area for storing the working mode configuration parameters.

[0011] Preferably, the RFID chip includes two communication modes, and mode switching is automatically triggered by a specific preamble, including: (1) Standard mode, only transmits EPC code and 1 bit of temperature and humidity status information; (2) Extended mode, transmitting complete EPC code and detailed temperature and humidity status information.

[0012] Preferably, the energy adaptive management module further includes: The system comprises a micro-energy harvesting module, a four-stage boost rectifier circuit, a voltage regulator circuit, and an energy state monitoring circuit. The micro-energy harvesting module collects minute amounts of energy from the external environment and converts them into electrical energy, which is then output to the four-stage boost rectifier circuit for boost conversion to obtain DC voltage. This DC voltage is then connected to the voltage regulator circuit to convert the output DC voltage of the four-stage boost rectifier circuit into a stable DC voltage, providing a stable operating voltage for the entire RF module and the power supply components of the temperature and humidity sensor. The energy state monitoring circuit monitors the voltage level of the energy storage capacitor in real time and transmits the voltage information to the edge intelligent processing unit.

[0013] Preferably, the micro-energy harvesting unit includes an AM-1417 solar cell and an LTC3588-1 piezoelectric energy harvester.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for processing temperature and humidity data using a passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligence processing functionality. Based on the aforementioned passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligence processing functionality, the method includes the following steps: S1. The energy adaptive management module monitors the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time and transmits the voltage information to the edge intelligent processing unit. S2. The edge intelligent processing unit intelligently switches its operating mode based on voltage information, including: (1) Low power mode, only responds to the query of the reader, performs a single temperature and humidity sampling, compares the temperature and humidity information with a simple threshold, generates an alarm code based on the comparison result, and encapsulates the alarm code as the status information in low power mode; (2) Standard mode: Temperature and humidity data are obtained by sampling according to a preset fixed period, the temperature and humidity information is compared with the complete threshold, and the comparison result is used as the status information in the standard mode for data encapsulation. (3) High-performance mode: Based on the standard mode, the sampling frequency is increased to obtain temperature and humidity data, the built-in intelligent processing algorithm is executed to calculate the statistical characteristics or trend of temperature and humidity data, and the characteristic data representing the statistical characteristics or trend of temperature and humidity is used as the state information in the high-performance mode for data encapsulation. S3. When a query command is received from the reader, the encapsulated status information data is returned to the reader.

[0015] The advantages of this invention are: (1) The present invention adopts an adaptive energy management mechanism, which enables the tag to intelligently adjust its working strategy according to its own energy status, and can still maintain the reliable transmission of key and effective information in harsh radio frequency environments.

[0016] (2) The tag of the present invention solves the problems of traditional RFID tags having single function and weak data processing capability through an innovative edge intelligent processing architecture, and realizes the leap from raw data collection to intelligent status judgment.

[0017] (3) This invention significantly reduces the amount of data transmitted wirelessly through localized intelligent processing, improves system efficiency and response speed, and provides a feasible technical solution for large-scale Internet of Things deployment.

[0018] (4) This invention maintains the advantages of passive design, requiring no external battery power supply, and combines high-precision sensing and intelligent algorithms to ensure the accuracy and stability of long-term operation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature and humidity information processing flow of a passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligence processing function according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 This embodiment provides a passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligent processing capabilities. It integrates a temperature and humidity sensing unit and an edge intelligent processing unit, enabling environmental perception and intelligent decision-making. The radio frequency module provides processed status information locally via RFID, facilitating quick access to item status for users and enabling remote monitoring. Furthermore, this invention utilizes an energy adaptive management module to collect weak external energy and convert it into electrical energy, continuously powering the tag. This maintains the tag's sensitivity while enabling intelligent processing. In harsh radio frequency environments, it adaptively and dynamically adjusts its operating mode to ensure communication quality and return crucial information to the reader. Moreover, compared to battery-powered active tags, the energy adaptive management module in this embodiment provides continuous power, eliminating the need for battery replacements, reducing equipment maintenance costs, and extending equipment lifespan.

[0022] Specifically, the tag described in this embodiment includes an RF module, an energy adaptive management module, and a temperature and humidity sensor. The RF module includes a communication antenna and an RFID chip. The energy adaptive management module and the temperature and humidity sensor are connected to the RFID chip via a hardware interface. The communication antenna adopts a microstrip patch antenna design, directly printed on the PCB substrate, and has anti-metal interference characteristics. Its dimensions are 28mm × 28mm × 0.8mm, and its operating frequency band covers 860MHz to 960MHz. It achieves 50Ω impedance matching and 2.1dBi gain performance at the center frequency of 915MHz. The RFID chip is a Monza X-8K chip compliant with the EPC Gen2 protocol. This chip integrates an I2C interface and a user-programmable memory, and works in conjunction with the communication antenna through a modulation and demodulation circuit.

[0023] The RF module uses the Monza X-8K RFID chip (U1), which supports the 860-960MHz operating frequency band and is fully compatible with the EPC Gen2 protocol standard. Its communication antenna (A1) is designed as a 50Ω impedance-matched microstrip patch antenna, made of FR-4 substrate material (dielectric constant 4.4) with a physical size of 28×28×0.8mm, achieving a gain performance of 2.1dBi in the 915MHz±10MHz frequency band. The RFID chip establishes a data connection with the temperature and humidity sensor via an I2C interface (SDA, SCL) at a communication rate of 100kHz.

[0024] The temperature and humidity sensor supports three operating modes: periodic sampling mode, event-triggered mode, and sleep mode. Its power supply voltage ranges from 1.8V to 3.6V, and its typical operating current is 200μA (active mode) / 1μA (standby mode). It operates via a 2.5V±2% regulated power supply provided by the energy adaptive management module. The sensor's built-in calibration parameters are stored in an OTP memory, including temperature compensation curves (16-point lookup table) and humidity nonlinearity correction parameters (quadratic polynomial coefficients), and can be updated online via an I2C interface.

[0025] The temperature and humidity sensor includes independent temperature and humidity sensing units. The temperature sensing unit uses a PTAT circuit, with a measurement range of -40℃ to 125℃ and an accuracy of ±0.3℃ (within the 0-60℃ range). The humidity sensing unit uses a capacitive structure, with a measurement range of 0% to 100%RH and an accuracy of ±1.5%RH (within the 20% to 90%RH range). The two sensing units are connected in parallel to a signal conditioning circuit via PCB traces. This circuit includes a programmable gain amplifier (adjustable gain 20-60dB) and a 12-bit Σ-ΔADC analog-to-digital converter, which converts the analog signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the RFID chip via an I2C interface.

[0026] The energy adaptive management module monitors the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time and also includes an energy storage capacitor for storing electrical energy to power the temperature and humidity sensor and the radio frequency module. The RFID chip also includes an edge intelligent processing unit. The edge intelligent processing unit intelligently switches the working mode according to the voltage level of the energy storage capacitor, dynamically adjusts the sampling frequency of the temperature and humidity sensor and the local data processing algorithm, and returns the status information of the corresponding working mode when the tag responds to the reader command.

[0027] The RFID chip's built-in memory is divided into multiple functional areas, where Bank0-Bank1 stores the standard EPC identification code; Bank2 is dedicated to storing status information and configuration parameters generated by the edge intelligent processing unit; and Bank3 is a reserved area for storing working mode configuration parameters.

[0028] The RFID chip includes two communication modes, and mode switching is automatically triggered by a specific preamble (0xA5), including: (1) Standard mode, only transmits EPC code and 1 bit of temperature and humidity status information; (2) Extended mode, transmitting complete EPC code and detailed temperature and humidity status information.

[0029] The operating modes of the edge intelligent processing unit include: low power mode, standard mode, and high performance mode.

[0030] In this embodiment, when the voltage is below 2.1V, it enters low-power mode, performing a single sampling and simple threshold comparison only when queried by the reader; when the voltage is between 2.1V and 2.6V, it enters standard mode, autonomously sampling at a cycle of 1 time / minute and performing a complete threshold judgment; when the voltage is above 2.6V, it enters high-performance mode, shortening the sampling cycle to 1 time / 10 seconds and enabling the trend analysis algorithm.

[0031] In this embodiment, the voltage is <2.1V, and the edge intelligent processing unit operates in low-power mode, specifically performing the following: The system only responds to queries from the reader, performs a single collection of temperature and humidity information, compares this information with a simple threshold, generates an alarm code based on the comparison result, and returns the alarm code as status information in low-power mode to the reader. The simple threshold is the alarm threshold for temperature and humidity. For example, comparing real-time temperature data with a preset safety threshold (such as 5℃) generates an over-temperature alarm code (0x01) or a normal code (0x00).

[0032] In this embodiment, 2.1V ≤ voltage < 2.6V, the edge intelligent processing unit operates in standard mode, specifically executing: Temperature and humidity data are obtained by sampling at a preset fixed period. The temperature and humidity information is compared with a complete threshold, and the comparison result is returned to the reader as the status information in the standard mode. The complete threshold is the level range of temperature and humidity.

[0033] In this embodiment, with a voltage ≥ 2.6V, the edge intelligent processing unit operates in high-performance mode, specifically executing: Building upon the standard mode, the sampling frequency is increased to obtain temperature and humidity data. A built-in intelligent processing algorithm is executed to calculate the statistical characteristics or trends of the temperature and humidity data. This characteristic data, representing these statistical features or trends, is then returned to the reader as status information in high-performance mode. For example, based on 10 consecutive sampling data points, the temperature trend is calculated. When a temperature rise exceeding 2°C within one minute is detected, a rapid temperature rise event code (0xA1) is generated. The average and standard deviation of the most recent 10 temperature data points are calculated as environmental stability assessment features. All this status information is stored in a specific storage area of ​​the RFID chip, awaiting query by the reader.

[0034] The energy adaptive management module also includes: The system comprises a micro-energy harvesting module, a four-stage boost rectifier circuit, a voltage regulator circuit, and an energy state monitoring circuit. The micro-energy harvesting module collects minute amounts of energy from the external environment and converts them into electrical energy, which is then output to the four-stage boost rectifier circuit for boost conversion to obtain DC voltage. This DC voltage is then connected to the voltage regulator circuit to convert the output DC voltage of the four-stage boost rectifier circuit into a stable DC voltage, providing a stable operating voltage for the entire RF module and the power supply components of the temperature and humidity sensor. The energy state monitoring circuit monitors the voltage level of the energy storage capacitor in real time and transmits the voltage information to the edge intelligent processing unit.

[0035] The micro-energy harvesting unit includes an AM-1417 solar cell and an LTC3588-1 piezoelectric energy harvester.

[0036] The four-stage boost rectifier circuit uses SMS7630 Schottky diodes (D1-D4) as rectifier components, and a 100μF tantalum capacitor (C1) to achieve energy storage at a working frequency of 13.56MHz; the voltage regulator circuit uses a TPS780180300DRVR(U3) chip to provide a stable output voltage of 2.5V±2%, with a maximum output current of 150mA; the energy state monitoring circuit uses voltage divider resistors and an ADC module to monitor the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time.

[0037] Actual measurements show that the passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligent processing function described in this embodiment has a temperature detection error of ≤±0.3℃ and a humidity detection error of ≤±1.5%RH in standard working mode. The communication distance can reach 8m (4W ERP reader / writer), the energy conversion efficiency is ≥82%, and the data processing volume is reduced by more than 90%, which fully meets the needs of intelligent environmental monitoring.

[0038] Example 2 It should be further explained that, based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment also provides a method for processing temperature and humidity data based on a passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligence processing capabilities, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1. The energy adaptive management module monitors the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time and transmits the voltage information to the edge intelligent processing unit. S2. The edge intelligent processing unit intelligently switches its operating mode based on voltage information, including: (1) Low power mode, only responds to the query of the reader, performs a single temperature and humidity sampling, compares the temperature and humidity information with a simple threshold, generates an alarm code based on the comparison result, and encapsulates the alarm code as the status information in low power mode; (2) Standard mode: Temperature and humidity data are obtained by sampling according to a preset fixed period, the temperature and humidity information is compared with the complete threshold, and the comparison result is used as the status information in the standard mode for data encapsulation. (3) High-performance mode: Based on the standard mode, the sampling frequency is increased to obtain temperature and humidity data, the built-in intelligent processing algorithm is executed to calculate the statistical characteristics or trend of temperature and humidity data, and the characteristic data representing the statistical characteristics or trend of temperature and humidity is used as the state information in the high-performance mode for data encapsulation. S3. When a query command is received from the reader, the encapsulated status information data is returned to the reader.

[0039] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligent processing function, characterized in that, It includes an RF module, an energy adaptive management module, and a temperature and humidity sensor; the RF module includes a communication antenna and an RFID chip; the energy adaptive management module and the temperature and humidity sensor are connected to the RFID chip through a hardware interface; The energy adaptive management module monitors the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time and also includes an energy storage capacitor for storing electrical energy to power the temperature and humidity sensor and the radio frequency module. The RFID chip also includes an edge intelligent processing unit. The edge intelligent processing unit intelligently switches the working mode according to the voltage level of the energy storage capacitor, dynamically adjusts the sampling frequency of the temperature and humidity sensor and the local data processing algorithm, and returns the status information of the corresponding working mode when the tag responds to the reader command.

2. The passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligent processing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating modes include: low power mode, standard mode, and high performance mode.

3. A passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligent processing function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The edge intelligent processing unit operates in low-power mode and specifically performs the following: The system only responds to queries from the reader, performs a single collection of temperature and humidity information, compares the temperature and humidity information with a simple threshold, generates an alarm code based on the comparison result, and returns the alarm code as status information in low-power mode to the reader; the simple threshold is the alarm threshold for temperature and humidity.

4. A passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligent processing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge intelligent processing unit operates in standard mode and specifically executes: Temperature and humidity data are obtained by sampling at a preset fixed period. The temperature and humidity information is compared with a complete threshold, and the comparison result is returned to the reader as the status information in the standard mode. The complete threshold is the level range of temperature and humidity.

5. A passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligent processing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge intelligent processing unit operates in high-performance mode and specifically executes: Based on the standard mode, the sampling frequency is increased to obtain temperature and humidity data, the built-in intelligent processing algorithm is executed to calculate the statistical characteristics or trends of temperature and humidity data, and the characteristic data representing the statistical characteristics or trends of temperature and humidity are returned to the reader as status information in the high-performance mode.

6. A passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligent processing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The RFID chip's built-in memory is divided into multiple functional areas, where Bank0-Bank1 stores the standard EPC identification code; Bank2 is dedicated to storing status information and configuration parameters generated by the edge intelligent processing unit; and Bank3 is a reserved area for storing working mode configuration parameters.

7. A passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligent processing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The RFID chip includes two communication modes, and mode switching is automatically triggered by a specific preamble, including: (1) Standard mode, only transmits EPC code and 1 bit of temperature and humidity status information; (2) Extended mode, transmitting complete EPC code and detailed temperature and humidity status information.

8. A passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligent processing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy adaptive management module also includes: The system comprises a micro-energy harvesting module, a four-stage boost rectifier circuit, a voltage regulator circuit, and an energy state monitoring circuit. The micro-energy harvesting module collects minute amounts of energy from the external environment and converts them into electrical energy, which is then output to the four-stage boost rectifier circuit for boost conversion to obtain DC voltage. This DC voltage is then connected to the voltage regulator circuit to convert the output DC voltage of the four-stage boost rectifier circuit into a stable DC voltage, providing a stable operating voltage for the entire RF module and the power supply components of the temperature and humidity sensor. The energy state monitoring circuit monitors the voltage level of the energy storage capacitor in real time and transmits the voltage information to the edge intelligent processing unit.

9. A passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligent processing function according to claim 8, characterized in that, The micro-energy harvesting unit includes an AM-1417 solar cell and an LTC3588-1 piezoelectric energy harvester.

10. A method for processing temperature and humidity data from a passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligence processing function, characterized in that, The passive temperature and humidity sensing tag with edge intelligence processing function according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1. The energy adaptive management module monitors the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time and transmits the voltage information to the edge intelligent processing unit. S2. The edge intelligent processing unit intelligently switches its operating mode based on voltage information, including: (1) Low power mode, only responds to the query of the reader, performs a single temperature and humidity sampling, compares the temperature and humidity information with a simple threshold, generates an alarm code based on the comparison result, and encapsulates the alarm code as the status information in low power mode; (2) Standard mode: Temperature and humidity data are obtained by sampling according to a preset fixed period, the temperature and humidity information is compared with the complete threshold, and the comparison result is used as the status information in the standard mode for data encapsulation. (3) High-performance mode: Based on the standard mode, the sampling frequency is increased to obtain temperature and humidity data, the built-in intelligent processing algorithm is executed to calculate the statistical characteristics or trend of temperature and humidity data, and the characteristic data representing the statistical characteristics or trend of temperature and humidity are encapsulated as the state information in the high-performance mode. S3. When a query command is received from the reader, the encapsulated status information data is returned to the reader.

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