Load switch state monitoring device and hydropower station electrical equipment state monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a load switch state monitoring device and a hydropower station electrical equipment state monitoring system, and relates to the technical field of electrical equipment state monitoring, the device comprises a communication module, a monitoring module and at least one acquisition module; the input ends of the acquisition modules are respectively connected with the state output ends of a plurality of load switches in a feeder cabinet, and the communication module is respectively connected with the monitoring module and each acquisition module; the acquisition module is used for acquiring the contact state of each load switch and generating state data; the communication module is used for transmitting state data between the acquisition module and the monitoring module; and the monitoring module is used for receiving and analyzing the state data so as to determine the opening and closing state of each load switch. Compared with the prior art, centralized monitoring and efficient management of load switch state data are realized through modular acquisition and bus type transmission, so that wiring is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the system reliability is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrical equipment state monitoring, in particular to a load switch state monitoring device and a hydropower station electrical equipment state monitoring system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the hydropower station auxiliary power device, the 400V feeder cabinet is the core equipment to ensure the reliability of the power supply of the auxiliary equipment (such as water pump, fan, lighting device, etc.), and the on-off position state of the multiple load switches configured inside is the key data for the power plant monitoring device to realize equipment operation monitoring, fault early warning and safety interlocking.

[0003] At present, the traditional load switch state detection method is to use "switching quantity hard connection point direct upload", that is, the state output end of each load switch is directly connected to the local control unit of the monitoring device through an independent cable. This mode has significant drawbacks in large-scale application: first, a single feeder cabinet often configures more than ten switch paths, and dozens of cabinets in a whole number of cabinets cumulatively require hundreds of signal paths, resulting in a high hardware cost and a shortage of interface resources for PLC / LCU module, which seriously restricts the expansion of the device; second, the transmission of a large number of signals relies on the same number of cables, which not only has a high cost of cable procurement and bridge occupation, but also leads to a long construction period, and it is extremely difficult to troubleshoot the line and joint faults in the later period, resulting in a huge amount of operation and maintenance work; third, the transmission link relies on too many physical connections and cable connections, which is easy to cause signal transmission abnormalities due to loose or oxidized wiring, leading to misjudgment of the switch state by the monitoring device, which may trigger improper interlocking actions, directly threatening the safe and stable operation of the auxiliary power device.

[0004] Therefore, how to significantly reduce hardware resource occupation and greatly reduce construction and operation and maintenance costs under the premise of ensuring reliability has become a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a load switch state monitoring device and a hydropower station electrical equipment state monitoring system, which aims to solve the technical problem of how to significantly reduce hardware resource occupation and greatly reduce construction and operation and maintenance costs under the premise of ensuring reliability.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a load switch state monitoring device, which comprises a communication module, a monitoring module and at least one acquisition module. The input end of the acquisition module is connected to the state output end of each load switch in the feeder cabinet, and the communication module is connected to the monitoring module and each acquisition module. The acquisition module is used to acquire the contact state of each load switch and generate state data. The communication module is used to transmit the status data between the acquisition module and the monitoring module; The monitoring module is used to receive and parse the status data to determine the open / closed status of each load switch.

[0007] In one embodiment, the acquisition module includes: an acquisition unit and a control unit; The acquisition unit is connected to the status output terminal of the load switch and is used to receive the electrical signal of the contact status of the load switch. The control unit is connected to the acquisition unit and the communication module respectively, and is used to convert the electrical signal into status data.

[0008] In one embodiment, the acquisition unit includes: a power supply detection unit and a status determination subunit; The detection power supply is connected to the state determination subunit and is used to provide detection voltage to the state determination subunit. The input terminal of the state determination subunit is connected to the state output terminal of each load switch, and is used to generate a corresponding electrical signal according to the on / off state of the state output terminal. The output terminal of the state determination subunit is connected to the control unit and is used to output the electrical signal to the control unit.

[0009] In one embodiment, the electrical signal includes an on signal and an off signal, and the state determination subunit is configured in a dry contact detection mode. When the state output terminal is closed, the state determination subunit is turned on, and the control unit collects the turn-on electrical signal; When the status output terminal is disconnected, the status determination sub-unit is open-circuited, and the control unit collects the disconnection signal.

[0010] In one embodiment, the acquisition module further includes an address encoding unit; The address encoding unit is connected to the control unit and is used to set the communication address.

[0011] In one embodiment, the communication module includes an input terminal of a communication interface, an output terminal of a communication interface, and a communication bus; The input end of the communication interface is connected to the acquisition module, the output end of the communication interface is connected to the monitoring module, and the input end of the communication interface is connected to the output end of the communication interface through the communication bus. The communication bus is used to transmit the status data between the acquisition module and the monitoring module.

[0012] In one embodiment, the monitoring module includes: a data interface unit, a data parsing unit, and a state mapping unit; The data interface unit is connected to the communication module and is used to receive the status data; The data parsing unit is connected to the data interface unit and is used to extract the status bits corresponding to each load switch from the status data. The state mapping unit is connected to the data parsing unit and is used to determine the opening and closing status of each load switch according to the state value corresponding to the state bit.

[0013] In one embodiment, the monitoring module further includes a fault location unit; The fault location unit is connected to the data interface unit and the data parsing unit respectively; The fault location unit is used to trigger a fault diagnosis process when the status data is abnormal or the communication connection with the acquisition module is interrupted.

[0014] In one embodiment, the monitoring module further includes a status display unit; The status display unit is connected to the status mapping unit; The status display unit is used to display the status icon corresponding to each load switch according to the opening and closing status determined by the status mapping unit.

[0015] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a hydropower station electrical equipment condition monitoring system, which includes the feeder cabinet and load switch condition monitoring device as described above.

[0016] This application discloses a load switch status monitoring device, which includes: a communication module, a monitoring module, and at least one acquisition module; the input terminal of the acquisition module is connected to the status output terminals of a plurality of load switches in a feeder cabinet, and the communication module is connected to the monitoring module and each of the acquisition modules; the acquisition module is used to acquire the contact status of each load switch and generate status data; the communication module is used to transmit the status data between the acquisition module and the monitoring module; the monitoring module is used to receive and parse the status data to determine the open / closed status of each load switch.

[0017] This application incorporates a load switch status monitoring device within the hydropower station electrical equipment status monitoring system. The input terminals of the acquisition module in this device are connected to the status output terminals of several load switches in the feeder cabinet. The communication module is connected to both the monitoring module and each acquisition module. First, the acquisition module acquires the contact status of each load switch and generates status data. Then, the communication module transmits the status data between the acquisition module and the monitoring module. Finally, the monitoring module receives and parses the status data to determine the open / closed status of each load switch. Compared to existing technologies, this application achieves centralized monitoring and efficient management of load switch status data through modular acquisition and bus-based transmission, thereby simplifying wiring, reducing costs, and improving system reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the load switch status monitoring device proposed in this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the load switch status monitoring device proposed in this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the load switch status monitoring device proposed in this application.

[0021] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0022] The purpose, features, and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0023] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0026] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0027] It should be noted that in the power supply equipment of hydropower plants, the 400V feeder cabinet is the core equipment to ensure the reliability of power supply to auxiliary equipment (such as water pumps, fans, lighting devices, etc.). The open and closed position status of the multiple load switches configured inside it is the key data for the power plant monitoring device to realize equipment operation monitoring, fault early warning and safety interlock.

[0028] Currently, the traditional method for detecting the status of load switches is to "directly upload data via hard contacts," meaning that the status output of each load switch is directly connected to the local control unit of the monitoring device via an independent cable. This method has significant drawbacks in large-scale applications: First, a single feeder cabinet often has more than ten switches, and dozens of cabinets across the plant require hundreds of signal inputs, necessitating a large number of switch input channels for the PLC / LCU module. This results in high hardware costs and limited interface resources, severely restricting device expansion. Second, the transmission of massive signals relies on an equal number of cables, leading to high costs for cable procurement and cable tray usage, lengthy on-site construction periods, and extremely difficult troubleshooting of line and connector faults, resulting in a huge workload for maintenance. Third, the transmission process relies on too many physical contacts and cable connections, making it prone to signal transmission anomalies due to loose wiring or oxidation. This can cause misjudgments of the switch status by the monitoring device, potentially triggering improper interlocking actions and directly threatening the safe and stable operation of the plant's power supply equipment.

[0029] Therefore, how to significantly reduce hardware resource consumption and substantially lower construction and maintenance costs while ensuring reliability has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0030] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this embodiment provides a load switch 5 status monitoring device. This embodiment installs a load switch 5 status monitoring device within the hydropower station electrical equipment status monitoring system. The input terminals of the acquisition module 3 in this device are connected to the status output terminals of several load switches 5 in the feeder cabinet 4. The communication module 1 is connected to the monitoring module 2 and each acquisition module 3. First, the acquisition module 3 acquires the contact status of each load switch 5 and generates status data. Then, the communication module 1 transmits the status data between the acquisition module and the monitoring module 2. Finally, the monitoring module 2 receives and parses the status data to determine the open / closed status of each load switch 5. Compared with existing technologies, this embodiment achieves centralized monitoring and efficient management of load switch 5 status data through modular acquisition and bus-based transmission, thereby simplifying wiring, reducing costs, and improving system reliability.

[0031] For ease of understanding, the following is combined with Figures 1 to 3 The load switch 5 status monitoring device provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the load switch 5 status monitoring device proposed in this application.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the device includes: a communication module 1, a monitoring module 2, and at least one acquisition module 3; The input terminal of the acquisition module 3 is connected to the status output terminals of several load switches 5 in the feeder cabinet 4, and the communication module 1 is connected to the monitoring module 2 and each of the acquisition modules 3. The acquisition module 3 is used to acquire the contact status of each load switch 5 and generate status data; The communication module 1 is used to transmit the status data between the acquisition module and the monitoring module 2; The monitoring module 2 is used to receive and parse the status data to determine the opening and closing status of each load switch 5.

[0034] It should be noted that the aforementioned acquisition module 3 can be any module with the function of acquiring the contact status of the load switch 5. For example, the acquisition module 3 of model ET 200SP DI or Modicon M241 PLC, and of course, other models of acquisition module 3, are not limited in this embodiment. It is understood that in the traditional solution, each load switch 5 needs to be independently hardwired to the remote control unit 32, resulting in a large number of cables. Therefore, in this embodiment, the aforementioned acquisition module 3 is installed nearby in the aforementioned feeder cabinet 4, connecting all the aforementioned load switches 5 in the aforementioned feeder cabinet 4 through short-distance wiring, greatly reducing the use of long-distance cables.

[0035] It should also be noted that the aforementioned communication module 1 can be any module with signal transmission capabilities. For example, it could be an RS485 communication interface chip, support industry standard protocols such as Modbus-RTU and Profibus-DP, and use RVSP 2×1.0mm² shielded twisted-pair cable for communication. Understandably, since traditional solutions require hundreds of independent cables, this embodiment only requires a single two-core shielded twisted-pair cable to connect all the aforementioned acquisition modules 3, reducing cable usage by more than 90%.

[0036] It should also be noted that the aforementioned monitoring module 2 can be any module with signal analysis and status monitoring functions. For example, Siemens' S7-1500 series PLC, Rockwell's CompactLogix 5380 controller, SCADA systems, etc. Understandably, the monitoring module 2 in this embodiment solves the problem of the traditional solution requiring a large number of digital input modules for the PLC; the monitoring module 2 only needs one communication interface to receive the status of all the aforementioned load switches 5.

[0037] Understandably, the aforementioned feeder cabinet 4 can be a key power distribution device in the 400V power distribution link of the hydropower station's auxiliary power system. The aforementioned load switch 5 can be a power switching device installed in the feeder cabinet 4, capable of connecting and disconnecting normal load current, and equipped with an isolation contact to ensure maintenance safety.

[0038] It should be emphasized that the aforementioned contact status can be the physical on / off state of the auxiliary contacts of the load switch 5, and is a direct signal reflecting the open / closed position of the load switch 5. The aforementioned status data can be a data packet generated by the acquisition module 3 after digitizing and structuring multiple aforementioned contact statuses.

[0039] In a specific implementation, the actual scenario in this embodiment may include several feeder cabinets 4, and each feeder cabinet 4 contains several of the aforementioned load switches. If it is necessary to add more load switches, it is only necessary to add the corresponding number of the aforementioned feeder cabinets 4 and the aforementioned acquisition module 3 simultaneously. Each of the aforementioned feeder cabinets 4 is equipped with one of the aforementioned acquisition modules 3. The 24-channel switch input interface of the aforementioned acquisition module 3 is connected to the status output terminals of all the aforementioned load switches 5 in the cabinet through a short-distance cable. The microcontroller unit 32 (such as an STM32F103 series MCU) inside the aforementioned acquisition module 3 encodes the switch status into digital signals. Using the Modbus-RTU protocol, it packages the 24 switch statuses into two 16-bit register data. The acquisition modules 3 are cascaded through the RS485 bus (daisy-chain topology) in the aforementioned communication module 1. The bus in the aforementioned communication module 1 is connected to the RS485 communication port of the aforementioned monitoring module 2 in the power plant. The aforementioned monitoring module 2 parses the received status data, establishes a mapping relationship of "module address-interface number-switch status", and displays the status graphically on the monitoring screen: closed status: green closed icon; open status: red open icon; abnormal status: yellow flashing icon and pop-up alarm. For example, a hydropower station has 15 load switches 5 in its No. 1 feeder cabinet 4. The output terminals of its opening and closing status (a total of 30 contacts) are connected to the interfaces 1-30 of the above-mentioned acquisition module 3. The addresses of the acquisition module 3 of the 10 above-mentioned feeder cabinets 4 are set to 1-10. The monitoring module 2 sequentially polls and reads the status data obtained by each of the above-mentioned acquisition modules 3.

[0040] In this embodiment, the hydropower station electrical equipment status monitoring system includes a load switch 5 status monitoring device. The input terminals of the acquisition module 3 in this device are connected to the status output terminals of several load switches 5 in the feeder cabinet 4. The communication module 1 is connected to the monitoring module 2 and each acquisition module 3. First, the acquisition module 3 acquires the contact status of each load switch 5 and generates status data. Then, the communication module 1 transmits the status data between the acquisition module and the monitoring module 2. Finally, the monitoring module 2 receives and parses the status data to determine the open / closed status of each load switch 5. Compared with existing technologies, this embodiment achieves centralized monitoring and efficient management of load switch 5 status data through modular acquisition and bus-based transmission, thereby simplifying wiring, reducing costs, and improving system reliability.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the load switch 5 status monitoring device proposed in this application.

[0042] Based on the above embodiments, a second embodiment of this application is proposed. To obtain the above-mentioned state data, such as... Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the acquisition module 3 includes: an acquisition unit 31 and a control unit 32; The acquisition unit 31 is connected to the status output terminal of the load switch 5 and is used to receive the electrical signal of the contact status of the load switch 5. The control unit 32 is connected to the acquisition unit 31 and the communication module 1 respectively, and is used to convert the electrical signal into status data.

[0043] It should be noted that the aforementioned acquisition unit 31 can be any unit with signal acquisition function. For example, acquisition unit 31 with model numbers TLP281-4, HCPL-817, or PC817. Of course, other models of acquisition unit 31 can also be used, and this embodiment does not limit this. The aforementioned control unit 32 can be any unit with signal processing function. For example, microcontrollers with model numbers STM32F103C8T6 or GD32F103C8T6.

[0044] It should also be noted that the aforementioned electrical signal can be a standard level signal generated by the aforementioned acquisition unit 31, capable of characterizing the on / off state of the contacts of the aforementioned load switch 5. For example, a low-level signal indicates a closed circuit, and a high-level signal indicates a closed circuit.

[0045] In the specific implementation, by setting the above-mentioned acquisition module 3 to be connected to the above-mentioned feeder cabinet 4 nearby, the above-mentioned acquisition unit 31 is directly connected to the auxiliary contacts of multiple above-mentioned load switches 5 in the cabinet. The mechanical on / off state of the contacts is converted into high / low level electrical signals by the detection power supply 311 and the state determination circuit. Then, the microcontroller in the above-mentioned control unit 32 periodically scans these level signals, encodes them into binary above-mentioned state data and frames them according to the industrial communication protocol. Finally, it is uploaded to the above-mentioned monitoring module 2 through the above-mentioned communication module 1, thereby replacing the hard wiring mode in the traditional solution where each switch needs to be wired independently.

[0046] Furthermore, in order to generate corresponding electrical signals based on the on / off state of the output terminal as described above, the process continues as follows: Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the acquisition unit 31 includes: a detection power supply 311 and a status determination subunit 312; The detection power supply 311 is connected to the state determination subunit 312 and is used to provide detection voltage to the state determination subunit 312. The input terminal of the state determination subunit 312 is connected to the state output terminal of each load switch 5, and is used to generate a corresponding electrical signal according to the on / off state of the state output terminal. The output terminal of the state determination subunit 312 is connected to the control unit 32 and is used to output the electrical signal to the control unit 32.

[0047] It should be noted that the aforementioned detection power supply 311 can be any power source that provides electrical energy. The aforementioned state determination subunit 312 can be any unit that has the function of generating a corresponding standard electrical signal based on the on / off state of the auxiliary contacts of the aforementioned load switch 5. It is understood that the aforementioned state determination subunit 312 can be composed of electronic components such as optocoupler isolators, current-limiting resistor networks, and pull-up resistors.

[0048] In a specific implementation, a stable DC 24V detection voltage is provided to the state determination subunit 312 through the detection power supply 311. The state determination subunit 312 and the auxiliary contact of the load switch 5 are connected in series to form a detection circuit. When the switch is closed, the contact closes to make the circuit conduction, and the state determination subunit 312 outputs a low-level signal to the control unit 32. When the switch is open, the contact opens to make the circuit break, and the state determination subunit 312 outputs a high-level signal to the control unit 32, thereby reliably converting the on / off state of the mechanical contact into a standard TTL level signal (i.e., the electrical signal).

[0049] Furthermore, in order to accurately output the corresponding electrical signal, continue as follows: Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the electrical signal includes a conduction signal and a disconnection signal, and the state determination subunit 312 is configured in dry contact detection mode. When the state output terminal is closed, the state determination subunit 312 is turned on, and the control unit 32 collects the turn-on electrical signal; When the status output terminal is disconnected, the status determination subunit 312 is open-circuited, and the control unit 32 collects the disconnection signal.

[0050] It should be noted that the aforementioned dry contact detection mode can be the operating mode of the acquisition module 3, which monitors the on / off state of passive contacts by providing its own detection power supply 311 (e.g., DC 24V). The aforementioned conduction signal can be a low-level signal (e.g., 0V) that indicates the detection circuit is conducting when the auxiliary contact of the load switch 5 is closed, and is acquired by the control unit 32. The aforementioned disconnection signal can also be a high-level signal (e.g., 3.3V) that indicates the circuit is open when the auxiliary contact of the load switch 5 is open, and is acquired by the control unit 32.

[0051] In the specific implementation, when the load switch 5 is closed, its closing auxiliary contact closes, and the detection power supply 311 (DC24V) drives the optocoupler (such as TLP281) LED to conduct through the current-limiting resistor. The optocoupler output terminal outputs 0V to the control unit 32GPIO, which is the aforementioned conduction signal. When the switch is opened, the contact opens, the optocoupler LED turns off, and the output terminal presents a 3.3V high level through the pull-up resistor, which is the aforementioned disconnection signal. The entire process achieves electrical isolation through the optocoupler, effectively suppressing electromagnetic interference on site and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of status identification.

[0052] Furthermore, in order to accurately position each of the aforementioned load switches 5, the process continues as follows: Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the acquisition module 3 further includes an address encoding unit 33; The address encoding unit 33 is connected to the control unit 32 and is used to set the communication address.

[0053] It should be noted that the address encoding unit 33 can be any unit that sets a unique identifier for the acquisition module 3. Understandably, the core function of the address encoding unit 33 is to generate the communication address, which is the physical station number (an integer from 1 to 255 in the Modbus-RTU protocol) used to distinguish different acquisition modules 3 in the RS485 bus network. This address ensures that the monitoring module 2 can accurately address and access the status data of the designated feeder cabinet 4 via the bus.

[0054] In the specific implementation, the address is set by the physical state of the DIP switch (such as an 8-bit DIP switch) in the address encoding unit 33. For example, the address of the acquisition module 3 of feeder cabinet 4 is set to 1, that is, the DIP switch is set according to the binary "00000001" (ON=1, OFF=0), and the switch output pin is directly connected to the GPIO of control unit 32. When the control unit 32 is powered on, it reads the pin level and parses it into decimal address 1. The address is carried in subsequent communication frames, so that when the monitoring module 2 sends the "0104 00 00 00 02" format command on the bus, it can accurately locate the acquisition module 3 of cabinet 1 and obtain its switch status data.

[0055] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the load switch 5 status monitoring device proposed in this application.

[0056] Based on the above embodiments, a third embodiment of this application is proposed. In order to transmit the aforementioned status data, such as... Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the communication module 1 includes an input terminal 11 of the communication interface, an output terminal 12 of the communication interface, and a communication bus 13; The input terminal 11 of the communication interface is connected to the acquisition module 3, the output terminal 12 of the communication interface is connected to the monitoring module 2, and the input terminal 11 of the communication interface is connected to the output terminal 12 of the communication interface through the communication bus 13; The communication bus 13 is used to transmit the status data between the acquisition module 3 and the monitoring module 2.

[0057] It should be noted that the input terminal 11 of the aforementioned communication interface can be the RS485 interface portion of the communication module 1 connected to the acquisition module 3. The output terminal 12 of the aforementioned communication interface can be the RS485 interface portion of the communication module 1 connected to the monitoring module 2. The aforementioned communication bus 13 can be the physical transmission medium connecting the input and output terminals in the communication module 1, using shielded twisted-pair cable for signal transmission.

[0058] In a specific implementation, the input terminal 11 of the aforementioned communication interface is connected to the control unit 32 of the aforementioned acquisition module 3 via an RS485 transceiver, and the output terminal 12 of the aforementioned communication interface is connected to the aforementioned monitoring module 2 via another RS485 transceiver. The communication bus 13 uses RVSP 2×1.0mm² shielded twisted pair cable to connect the input terminals of each of the aforementioned acquisition modules 3 in a daisy-chain topology and finally connects to the output terminal of the aforementioned monitoring module 2. The terminating matching resistor is connected at the beginning and end of the bus to ensure signal integrity. The aforementioned status data is reliably transmitted through this differential signal transmission link.

[0059] Furthermore, in order to parse the above state data, continue as follows: Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the monitoring module 2 includes: a data interface unit 21, a data parsing unit 22, and a status mapping unit 23; The data interface unit 21 is connected to the communication module 1 and is used to receive the status data; The data parsing unit 22 is connected to the data interface unit 21 and is used to extract the status bits corresponding to each load switch 5 from the status data. The state mapping unit 23 is connected to the data parsing unit 22 and is used to determine the opening and closing status of each load switch 5 according to the state value corresponding to the state bit.

[0060] It should be noted that the aforementioned data interface unit 21 may be an RS485 communication interface responsible for interacting with the aforementioned communication module 1, used to receive the aforementioned status data uploaded by the aforementioned acquisition module 3. The aforementioned data parsing unit 22 may be a logic unit that decodes the received status data, extracting the status of each binary bit in a specific register from the Modbus-RTU protocol frame. The aforementioned status mapping unit 23 may be a logic unit that converts the parsed binary status bits into the actual open / closed status of the load switch 5 according to a preset mapping relationship.

[0061] In the specific implementation, the data interface unit 21 receives the Modbus data frame (such as the module frame "01 04 04 00 15 00 00 89 3A" at address 1) transmitted by the communication bus 13 through the MAX3485 chip, which is the status data. The data parsing unit 22 parses the register value 0x0015 (binary 0000000000010101) according to the protocol. The status mapping unit 23 maps the status bits "1" of the first, third and fifth channels to the "closed" state according to the preset mapping table (such as bit 0 corresponding to switch 1), and maps the remaining bits "0" to the "open" state.

[0062] Furthermore, in order to perform fault diagnosis when the aforementioned load switch 5 malfunctions, the following steps are continued... Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the monitoring module 2 further includes a fault location unit 24; The fault location unit 24 is connected to the data interface unit 21 and the data parsing unit 22 respectively; The fault location unit 24 is used to trigger a fault diagnosis process when the status data is abnormal or the communication connection with the acquisition module 3 is interrupted.

[0063] It should be noted that the fault location unit 24 mentioned above can be a functional module in the monitoring module 2 that is specifically responsible for system anomaly detection and diagnosis. It continuously monitors the integrity of the status data received by the data interface unit 21 and the communication connection status with each of the acquisition modules 3. When a data verification error, communication timeout or signal logic conflict is detected, the diagnostic process is automatically activated.

[0064] In the specific implementation, the above-mentioned fault location unit 24 periodically detects the communication status of the above-mentioned data interface unit 21 (such as address 1 module response timeout) and parses the data validity (such as status bit all 0 / all 1 abnormal). When the communication interruption of the above-mentioned acquisition module 3 of cabinet 1 is detected, the diagnostic process is immediately triggered: firstly check the RS485 bus A / B line level (normal difference 2-5V), the terminal resistor connection status and the corresponding module power supply, and simultaneously pop up the communication interruption alarm of cabinet 1 on the monitoring interface and locate the fault point as bus disconnection or module power failure.

[0065] Furthermore, in order to allow technicians to monitor the status of each of the aforementioned load switches 5 in real time, they will continue to... Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the monitoring module 2 further includes a status display unit 25; The status display unit 25 is connected to the status mapping unit 23; The status display unit 25 is used to display the status icons corresponding to each load switch 5 according to the opening and closing status determined by the status mapping unit 23.

[0066] It should be noted that the aforementioned status display unit 25 can be a human-machine interaction component in the aforementioned monitoring module 2 responsible for converting the opening and closing status results output by the status mapping unit 23 into a visual graphical interface. It intuitively presents the real-time operating status of each load switch 5 on the monitoring screen through a predefined set of status icons (such as a green closed icon representing closing and a red open icon representing opening).

[0067] In the specific implementation, the status display unit 25 obtains the switch status data output by the status mapping unit 23 in real time (such as the status of switch 41 of feeder cabinet 1 being "closed"), drives the graphical interface of the monitoring system to call the corresponding icon resources (such as loading a green closed icon), and renders and displays it in the designated area of ​​the screen (corresponding to the graphic element position of switch 1 of cabinet 1). At the same time, the interface is dynamically refreshed according to the status change. When the status output by the status mapping unit 23 is abnormal, it automatically switches to a yellow flashing icon and activates the alarm prompt layer.

[0068] To achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a hydropower station electrical equipment condition monitoring system, which includes the feeder cabinet 4 and the load switch 5 condition monitoring device as described above.

[0069] It should be noted that the specific implementation of the hydropower station electrical equipment condition monitoring system provided in this embodiment can refer to the above embodiments, and this embodiment will not elaborate on it further. Therefore, the effects achieved by the storage device in this embodiment can also refer to the above embodiments, and this embodiment will not elaborate on it further.

[0070] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of this application and using the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A load switch status monitoring device, characterized in that, The device includes: a communication module, a monitoring module, and at least one data acquisition module; The input terminal of the acquisition module is connected to the status output terminal of several load switches in the feeder cabinet, and the communication module is connected to the monitoring module and each of the acquisition modules. The acquisition module is used to acquire the contact status of each load switch and generate status data; The communication module is used to transmit the status data between the acquisition module and the monitoring module; The monitoring module is used to receive and parse the status data to determine the open / closed status of each load switch.

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition module includes: an acquisition unit and a control unit; The acquisition unit is connected to the status output terminal of the load switch and is used to receive the electrical signal of the contact status of the load switch. The control unit is connected to the acquisition unit and the communication module respectively, and is used to convert the electrical signal into status data.

3. The apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The acquisition unit includes: a power supply detection subunit and a status determination subunit; The detection power supply is connected to the state determination subunit and is used to provide detection voltage to the state determination subunit. The input terminal of the state determination subunit is connected to the state output terminal of each load switch, and is used to generate a corresponding electrical signal according to the on / off state of the state output terminal. The output terminal of the state determination subunit is connected to the control unit and is used to output the electrical signal to the control unit.

4. The apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The electrical signal includes a conduction signal and a disconnection signal, and the state determination subunit is configured in dry contact detection mode. When the state output terminal is closed, the state determination subunit is turned on, and the control unit collects the turn-on electrical signal; When the status output terminal is disconnected, the status determination sub-unit is open-circuited, and the control unit collects the disconnection signal.

5. The apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The acquisition module also includes an address encoding unit; The address encoding unit is connected to the control unit and is used to set the communication address.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The communication module includes an input terminal of a communication interface, an output terminal of a communication interface, and a communication bus; The input end of the communication interface is connected to the acquisition module, the output end of the communication interface is connected to the monitoring module, and the input end of the communication interface is connected to the output end of the communication interface through the communication bus. The communication bus is used to transmit the status data between the acquisition module and the monitoring module.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring module includes: a data interface unit, a data parsing unit, and a status mapping unit; The data interface unit is connected to the communication module and is used to receive the status data; The data parsing unit is connected to the data interface unit and is used to extract the status bits corresponding to each load switch from the status data. The state mapping unit is connected to the data parsing unit and is used to determine the opening and closing status of each load switch according to the state value corresponding to the state bit.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, The monitoring module also includes a fault location unit; The fault location unit is connected to the data interface unit and the data parsing unit respectively; The fault location unit is used to trigger a fault diagnosis process when the status data is abnormal or the communication connection with the acquisition module is interrupted.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, The monitoring module also includes a status display unit; The status display unit is connected to the status mapping unit; The status display unit is used to display the status icon corresponding to each load switch according to the opening and closing status determined by the status mapping unit.

10. A condition monitoring system for electrical equipment in a hydropower station, characterized in that, The hydropower station electrical equipment condition monitoring system includes the feeder cabinet and the load switch condition monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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