A gradient flow raceway breeding system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a gradient flow speed runway type breeding system and method, and relates to the technical field of aquaculture. The breeding system comprises a breeding pond, and a breeding area is arranged in the breeding pond. Parent fish are put into the breeding area, and water flow is introduced into the breeding area. The breeding area comprises at least two breeding sections which are perpendicular to the water flow direction and have different width sizes along the water flow direction. The water flow speeds of the breeding sections with different width sizes are different. The gradient flow speed runway type breeding system and method provided by the application are beneficial to providing an excellent breeding environment for the parent fish, promoting synchronous development of gonads, and improving natural spawning behavior.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, and in particular to a gradient flow racetrack-style breeding system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Leopard grouper (Plectropomus leopardus), commonly known as the Eastern Star Grouper, is a prized marine fish with high market demand. Significant progress has been made in its artificial breeding technology in recent years, with recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) becoming an important research direction and a model for broodstock rearing and seedling production. While water flow stimulation is widely recognized as an effective environmental control method for promoting gonadal development in fish, such as broodstock, its artificial breeding still faces several bottlenecks.

[0003] (1) Asynchronous gonadal development: In traditional still water or low flow rate aquaculture ponds, the parent fish have insufficient activity and low energy metabolism rate, resulting in slow and asynchronous gonadal development.

[0004] (2) Low spawning and fertilization rates: Due to the lack of specific environmental stimuli (such as tides and water flow) required for natural reproduction, the natural spawning behavior of parent fish is difficult to be effectively stimulated. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gradient flow runway-style breeding system and method to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which is beneficial to providing a superior breeding environment for parent fish, promoting synchronous gonadal development, and enhancing natural spawning behavior.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] This invention provides a gradient flow runway-type breeding system, including a breeding pond, in which a breeding area is provided, where parent fish are placed and water is introduced; and the breeding area includes at least two breeding sections with different widths perpendicular to the water flow direction, with different water flow velocities in the breeding sections with different widths.

[0008] Preferably, the aquaculture area includes a first aquaculture section, a second aquaculture section, and a third aquaculture section along the water flow direction. The width of the first aquaculture section is smaller than the width of the second aquaculture section, and the width of the second aquaculture section is smaller than the width of the third aquaculture section. The water flow velocity in the first aquaculture section, the second aquaculture section, and the third aquaculture section decreases sequentially. The first aquaculture section is provided with a tangential inlet for allowing water to flow in. A gate assembly capable of controlling the flow is provided between the head of the first aquaculture section and the third aquaculture section.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes several bottom slopes, which are distributed at the bottom of the aquaculture section with the smallest width dimension, and the bottom slopes are inclined toward the water flow direction to increase the water flow velocity.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes an oxygenation component disposed within the aquaculture area, the oxygenation component being used to supply oxygen to the aquaculture area; and the aquaculture section with the smallest width has the largest oxygen supply.

[0011] Preferably, the oxygenation component includes a liquid oxygen pipe and multiple aeration discs. The liquid oxygen pipe is disposed at the bottom of each of the aquaculture sections and is used to introduce pure oxygen. The aeration discs are disposed on the liquid oxygen pipe and are connected to the liquid oxygen pipe. The aeration discs are used to provide oxygen to the water flow for aeration. The aquaculture section with the smallest width has the most aeration discs on the liquid oxygen pipe.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a feeding component, which is disposed in the widest section of the aquaculture area; the feeding component is used to attract parent fish and to feed them.

[0013] Preferably, the feeding assembly includes a feeding lamp and a feeding mechanism; the feeding lamp is disposed on the inner side wall of the aquaculture section and is used to emit feeding light, and the feeding mechanism is used to feed the water flow.

[0014] Preferably, it further includes an egg collection area, which is located on the rear side of the third culture section along the water flow direction, and an opening and closing component is provided between the egg collection area and the end of the third culture section. The opening and closing component can control the connection and disconnection between the egg collection area and the third culture section. Water in the third culture section can enter the egg collection area through the opening and closing component, and an egg collection tube is provided at the bottom of the egg collection area.

[0015] Preferably, the breeding pond is cylindrical, the breeding area is arranged in a ring and separated by a water-resistant wall, and the egg collection area is located in the central area of ​​the breeding pond; and the inner wall of the breeding area is smooth.

[0016] The present invention also provides a gradient flow rate runway breeding method, based on the gradient flow rate runway breeding system described above, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Place the parent fish into the breeding area;

[0018] Water is introduced into the aquaculture area to create different flow rates in aquaculture sections of varying widths.

[0019] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0020] The gradient flow runway-style breeding system and method provided by this invention involves placing broodstock in the breeding area of ​​a breeding pond and stimulating the broodstock with flowing water. By setting breeding sections of different widths along the water flow direction in the breeding area, and with a constant influent flow rate, the water flow velocity of the breeding sections of different widths varies. In this way, the broodstock experience gradient flow stimulation in different breeding sections, which can effectively simulate tidal changes, provide a better breeding environment for the broodstock, promote synchronized gonadal development, and enhance natural spawning behavior. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of the gradient flow velocity runway-type breeding system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the engagement of the opening and closing components provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1-Aquaculture pond; 11-Aquaculture area; 12-First aquaculture section; 13-Second aquaculture section; 14-Third aquaculture section; 15-Tangential inlet; 16-Bottom slope; 17-Water barrier; 2-Aeration assembly; 21-Liquid oxygen pipe; 22-Aeration disc; 3-Feeding assembly; 31-Farming lamp; 4-Egg collection area; 5-Opening and closing assembly; 51-Flow wall; 52-Flow hole; 53-Opening and closing plate; 6-Egg collection tube; 7-Gate assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gradient flow runway-style breeding system and method to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which is beneficial to providing a superior breeding environment for parent fish, promoting synchronous gonadal development, and enhancing natural spawning behavior.

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This embodiment provides a gradient flow rate runway-style breeding system. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 It includes a breeding pond 1, a breeding area 11 is provided in the breeding pond 1, parent fish are placed in the breeding area 11 and water is introduced into it; and the breeding area 11 includes at least two breeding sections with different widths perpendicular to the water flow direction, and the water flow speed of the breeding sections with different widths is different.

[0030] In this process, parent fish are placed in the breeding area 11 of the breeding pond 1, and water is introduced into the breeding area 11 to stimulate the parent fish. By setting up breeding sections of different widths along the water flow direction in the breeding area 11, under the premise of constant water flow, the water flow speed of the breeding sections of different widths is different. In this way, the parent fish can experience water flow stimulation of gradient velocity in different breeding sections, which can effectively simulate tidal changes, provide a good breeding environment for the parent fish, promote synchronous gonadal development, and enhance natural spawning behavior.

[0031] In the optional embodiments of this example, more preferably, the aquaculture zone 11 includes a first aquaculture section 12, a second aquaculture section 13, and a third aquaculture section 14 along the water flow direction. The width of the first aquaculture section 12 is smaller than the width of the second aquaculture section 13, and the width of the second aquaculture section 13 is smaller than the width of the third aquaculture section 14. The water flow velocity in the first aquaculture section 12, the second aquaculture section 13, and the third aquaculture section 14 decreases sequentially. The first aquaculture section 12 is provided with a tangential water inlet 15 for introducing water flow.

[0032] More preferably, a gate assembly 7 capable of controlling the opening and closing is provided between the first culture section 12 and the third culture section 14; when water circulation is required in the culture area 11, the gate assembly 7 can be opened to allow the first culture section 12 and the third culture section 14 to circulate; when the spawning period has passed and fertilized eggs need to be collected, the third culture section 14 needs to be disconnected from the first culture section 12 so that the fertilized eggs can be discharged from the third culture section 14 to the egg collection area 4 along the water flow direction; specifically, the gate assembly 7 is set as a conventional electrically controllable gate mechanism.

[0033] In this system, the water flow velocity gradually decreases in the first rearing section 12, the second rearing section 13, and the third rearing section 14. The water flows into the first rearing section 12 through a tangential inlet 15, which is located on one side of the rearing pond 1. The inlet 15's inlet direction is tangential to the pond wall. Utilizing the momentum of the water flow, it efficiently circulates the water within the rearing area 11. Compared to direct water intake, this significantly reduces pump energy consumption. Furthermore, the single-location inlet simplifies water flow control and avoids unpredictable turbulence that might occur from the convergence of water flows from different rearing sections, potentially disturbing the parent fish. The number of tangential inlets 15... The flow rate is set according to actual needs to meet the flow requirements. When the parent fish are placed in the breeding area 11 and swim in the first breeding section 12, the second breeding section 13 and the third breeding section 14, they can periodically and regularly experience the flow rate change process of "low speed-acceleration-high speed-deceleration-low speed". This periodic pulse-like stimulation can efficiently simulate tidal changes. This biomimetic environmental signal can more effectively simulate natural reproductive conditions, thereby efficiently and synchronously stimulating the endocrine activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG axis) of the parent fish. The synchronicity of gonadal development is significantly improved, laying a solid physiological foundation for concentrated and large-scale spawning.

[0034] Specifically, the first aquaculture section 12 is a high-speed stimulation zone: its width is the narrowest, approximately 1.5 meters, and the structural design in this area ensures the fastest water flow. The second aquaculture section 13 is a medium-speed cruising zone: its width is moderate, approximately 2.0 to 2.5 meters, serving as a transition zone between the high-speed and low-speed zones. The third aquaculture section 14 is a low-speed resting and feeding zone: its width is the widest, approximately 3.0-3.5 meters, and the water flow is the slowest in this area. The smooth transition between the first aquaculture section 12, the second aquaculture section 13, and the third aquaculture section 14 minimizes dead zones. This is achieved through a variable width design: based on the continuity equation in fluid mechanics (…). (Flow rate = cross-sectional area × velocity). With a constant influent flow rate Q, the water velocity V is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area A of the channel. Therefore, in the high-speed stimulation zone, where the channel width is narrowest and the cross-sectional area is smallest, the flow velocity automatically increases to its maximum (target design flow velocity: 0.8-1.2 m / s). Conversely, in the low-speed resting and feeding zone, where the channel is widest and the cross-sectional area is largest, the flow velocity naturally decreases to its minimum (target design flow velocity: 0.2-0.4 m / s). The flow velocity in the medium-speed cruising zone falls between these two values. This approach creates a "dynamic-static alternation" environment that better meets the reproductive biological needs of parent fish with lower energy consumption, achieving an optimal match between energy consumption and effectiveness, resulting in significant energy savings. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for multiple drives to change the water flow velocity in different aquaculture sections, leading to lower equipment costs.

[0035] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, more preferably, the gradient flow rate racetrack breeding system provided in this embodiment also includes several bottom slopes 16. The bottom slopes 16 are distributed at the bottom of the breeding section with the smallest width dimension. The bottom slopes 16 are inclined towards the water flow direction and are used to increase the water flow speed.

[0036] In the aquaculture zone 11, particularly in the high-speed stimulation zone (the first aquaculture section 12 with the smallest width), an upward-protruding bottom slope 16 is provided at the bottom. This structure further reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow, and according to Bernoulli's principle, the flow velocity will further increase, thereby enhancing the stimulation effect of the high-speed flow. The slope of the bottom slope 16 is recommended to be 15-20 degrees. In the low-speed zone, the bottom of the pool is flat or without a slope to maintain a low flow velocity. The number of bottom slopes 16 is determined according to the actual flow velocity requirements. At the bottom of the first aquaculture section 12, corresponding to the narrower area, an upward-protruding slope structure is provided. By combining two speed-increasing methods of variable width and variable elevation, the speed-increasing effect is further enhanced, and no additional drive mechanism is required to achieve the speed increase. The water flow is more in line with the natural fluid environment, and the structure is simple, reliable, and low-cost.

[0037] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, more preferably, the gradient flow runway-type breeding system provided in this embodiment also includes an oxygenation component 2, which is set in the breeding area 11. The oxygenation component 2 is used to provide oxygen to the breeding area 11; and the oxygen supply is the largest in the breeding section with the smallest width.

[0038] Among them, considering that the broodstock consumes the most oxygen in the first rearing section 12, which has the smallest width and the largest flow velocity, and that the rapid water flow can easily lead to oxygen loss, oxygen is supplied in the first rearing section 12. This achieves "supply on demand and precise oxygenation". The first rearing section 12 provides the most concentrated oxygen supply in the area where the broodstock are experiencing high-speed movement, the most vigorous metabolism, and the greatest oxygen demand, thus avoiding the risk of local hypoxia. At the same time, oxygen supply is reduced in low oxygen consumption areas to avoid waste of oxygen resources, making the overall operation more economical and efficient.

[0039] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, more preferably, the oxygenation component 2 includes a liquid oxygen pipe 21 and a plurality of aeration discs 22. The liquid oxygen pipe 21 is set at the bottom of each aquaculture section and is used to introduce pure oxygen. The aeration discs 22 are set on the liquid oxygen pipe 21 and are connected to the liquid oxygen pipe 21. The aeration discs 22 are used to provide oxygen for aeration in the water flow. The aquaculture section with the smallest width has the largest number of aeration discs 22 on the liquid oxygen pipe 21.

[0040] The aeration disc 22 is a conventional nano aeration disc 22. The liquid oxygen pipe 21 can be evenly distributed at the bottom of the breeding area 11. The specific distribution location of the liquid oxygen pipe 21 is determined according to actual needs, and it can be distributed at the bottom. However, in the latter part of the first breeding section 12 and the latter part of the bottom slope 16, the parent fish consume the most oxygen, and the turbulent water flow can easily cause oxygen to dissipate. Therefore, the aeration discs 22 are densely distributed in this area, while they are relatively sparsely distributed in other areas. That is, the distribution of the aeration discs 22 is not uniform, but adopts the strategy of "key areas, key supply". The liquid oxygen pipe 21 is connected to the external oxygen supply equipment and continuously supplies pure oxygen to the liquid oxygen pipe 21. The microbubbles are released through the nano aeration disc 22 and quickly dissolve in the water.

[0041] More preferably, multiple monitoring sensors, such as dissolved oxygen probes, can be distributed and installed in the aquaculture area 11. The dissolved oxygen probes and oxygenation components 2 are linked with an external controller to achieve feedback regulation and control, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen concentration in the entire aquaculture area 11 is always maintained above 6 mg / L, providing sufficient oxygen for the high-intensity movement and metabolism of the parent fish.

[0042] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, more preferably, the gradient flow raceway breeding system provided in this embodiment also includes a feeding component 3, which is set in the breeding section with the largest width; the feeding component 3 is used to attract parent fish and can feed them.

[0043] Among them, the feeding component 3 is set in the third breeding section 14, which has the largest width and the smallest flow velocity. The water flow in this area is gentle, and the feed is not easily dispersed. The parent fish can feed fully in a quiet and low-stress state, which greatly improves the efficiency of nutrition fortification and feed utilization, and ensures that the parent fish can obtain sufficient nutrition.

[0044] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, more preferably, the feeding component 3 includes a feeding lamp 31 and a feeding mechanism; the feeding lamp 31 is disposed on the inner side wall of the breeding section and is used to emit feeding light, and the feeding mechanism is used to feed the water flow.

[0045] The feeding lamp 31 is a light-emitting diode that emits a blue light with a wavelength of approximately 450-480 nanometers. It is fixedly installed on the inner walls of both sides of the third rearing section 14. When feeding at regular intervals each day, the parent fish, such as the grouper, are first attracted to the third rearing section 14 by their phototaxis. Then, a conventional automatic feeder is used to deliver fortified feed rich in astaxanthin and highly unsaturated fatty acids into the water flow. Because the water flow in this area is gentle, the feed is not easily dispersed, and the parent fish can feed fully in a calm and low-stress state. In this way, feeding can be achieved and the parent fish can be fully fed through the simple feeding component 3. In addition, in order to ensure that the feeding lamp 31 can attract the parent fish, the parent fish can be trained to feed in a non-breeding state.

[0046] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, more preferably, the gradient flow runway-type breeding system provided in this embodiment also includes an egg collection area 4, which is arranged along the water flow direction on the rear side of the third breeding section 14, and an opening and closing component 5 is provided between the egg collection area 4 and the end of the third breeding section 14; the opening and closing component 5 can control the opening and closing between the egg collection area 4 and the third breeding section 14; the water flow in the third breeding section 14 can overflow into the egg collection area 4 through the opening and closing component 5, and an egg collection tube 6 is provided at the bottom of the egg collection area 4.

[0047] After undergoing continuous water flow stimulation, the parent fish typically spawn naturally at night in the rearing area 11. The fertilized eggs are buoyant and float with the water flow. During the water flow stimulation of the parent fish, the opening and closing component 5 connects the egg collection area 4 and the third rearing section 14, allowing water in the rearing area 11 to drain away through the egg collection area 4 to prevent the water level in the rearing area 11 from becoming too high. When it is necessary to collect the fertilized eggs, the opening and closing component 5 connects the egg collection area 4 and the third rearing section 14, allowing water in the rearing area to drain away through the egg collection area 4, thus preventing the water level in the rearing area 11 from becoming too high. The circulating water in area 11 naturally carries the fertilized eggs into the egg collection area 4. Since the egg collection area 4 is isolated from the external breeding area 11, the water flow tends to be calm, and the fertilized eggs no longer drift excessively with the current. The fertilized eggs float on the surface of the water by their own buoyancy in the still water, and are eventually gently and safely exported from the system through the egg collection tube 6 at the bottom of the egg collection area 4 into the subsequent egg collection net box. The entire egg collection process does not require water pump suction, avoiding mechanical damage. The collected eggs are pure and uncontaminated, and the hatching rate is significantly improved.

[0048] Specifically, the opening and closing assembly 5 includes a flow wall 51 and an opening and closing plate 53, such as Figure 2 As shown, the flow wall 51 is located at the end of the third culture section 14 to isolate the third culture section 14 from the egg collection area 4. The flow wall 51 has multiple flow holes 52 at its upper part. The diameter of the flow holes 52 is set so that only water can pass through, but the parent fish cannot pass through. Correspondingly, a sliding plate 53 is vertically slidably installed on one side or inside the flow wall 51. The sliding plate 53 slides vertically relative to the flow wall 51 under the action of a motor or other telescopic mechanism to realize the opening and closing of the flow holes 52. During the process of water flow stimulation of the parent fish and when fertilized eggs need to be collected, the sliding plate 53 moves downward to connect the third culture section 14 and the egg collection area 4 through the flow holes 52. When the parent fish in the culture area 11 spawn within a specific time period, the sliding plate 53 moves upward to disconnect the third culture section 14 and the egg collection area 4. In this way, the sliding plate 53 is controlled to close at specific times during the specific spawning time period of the parent fish. Moreover, since the flow hole 52 is positioned at the top, the sludge and impurities in the water flow will be deposited in the breeding area 11 and will not enter the egg collection area 4, thus avoiding complicated subsequent cleaning and separation processes.

[0049] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, more preferably, the breeding pond 1 is set as a cylinder, the breeding area 11 is arranged in a ring and separated by a water-proof wall 17, the egg collection area 4 is set in the central area of ​​the breeding pond 1; and the inner wall of the breeding area 11 is treated with smooth surface.

[0050] The breeding area 11 is arranged in a ring shape and the breeding pond 1 is arranged in a cylindrical shape to improve space utilization and realize a patrol path without dead angles, which is more in line with the continuous movement habits of the parent fish. The body of the breeding pond 1 can be constructed with reinforced concrete or PE plastic material, and the inner wall needs to be smoothed to reduce water flow resistance and prevent the parent fish from being abraded.

[0051] More preferably, to further enhance the water flow stimulation for the parent fish, multiple circulation paths can be set up within the breeding area 11, such as an outer circulation path and an inner circulation path. Both the outer and inner circulation paths include a first breeding section 12, a second breeding section 13, and a third breeding section 14. The same oxygenation components, feeding components, and speed-increasing components are installed in both the outer and inner circulation paths. The first breeding section 12 of the outer circle is used for tangential water intake, and the third breeding section 14 of the outer circle can be connected to the first breeding section 12 of the inner circle but is separated from it. The egg collection area 4 is set in the center and can be connected to the third breeding section 14 of the inner circle. In this way, the parent fish can receive water flow stimulation periodically in the outer and inner circles.

[0052] Thus, the gradient flow runway-style breeding system provided in this embodiment constructs an integrated circular aquaculture environment with four major functions: gradient flow stimulation, high dissolved oxygen guarantee, fixed-point nutrient enhancement, and automatic non-destructive egg collection. It accurately simulates the reproductive conditions of the grouper in natural sea areas, thereby effectively regulating its physiological rhythm, synchronizing gonad development, and inducing its natural spawning, and is designed as a reproductive induction tool.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment provides a gradient flow rate runway breeding method based on the gradient flow rate runway breeding system as described in Embodiment 1, including the following steps: placing parent fish into the breeding area 11; and introducing water flow into the breeding area 11 to form different flow rates in breeding sections of different widths.

[0055] In more detail, it includes the following steps:

[0056] Preparation stage: Place the broodstock of the East Star Grouper, whose gonads have begun to develop, into the breeding area 11.

[0057] Start-up: Turn on the liquid oxygen system. After the dissolved oxygen level rises, start the water pump and inject water into the pool through the tangential inlet 15 to make the flow rate in the high-speed stimulation zone, i.e., the first aquaculture section 12, reach the preset value.

[0058] Daily management: Feed the animals regularly in the nutrient-enhanced area, i.e., the third aquaculture section 14, and check the water quality parameters (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH) as needed.

[0059] Stimulating spawning: The system runs continuously for 24 hours, continuously stimulating the parent fish with gradient flow rates; usually, the gonads of the parent fish mature after 2-4 weeks.

[0060] Egg collection: During the expected spawning period (usually 8-12 pm or 4-6 am), closely monitor the egg collection area 4. After spawning, open the control component 5 to allow the water flow to carry the fertilized eggs to the egg collection area 4, and collect the fertilized eggs in time through the egg collection tube 6.

[0061] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A gradient flow rate runway-style breeding system, characterized in that: The system includes a culture pond and an aeration unit. The culture pond is equipped with a culture area where parent fish are placed and water is introduced. The culture area includes at least two culture sections with different widths perpendicular to the water flow direction, and the water flow velocity varies between the different widths of the culture sections. The aeration unit is located within the culture area and is used to supply oxygen to the culture area. The culture section with the smallest width has the largest oxygen supply. The aquaculture area includes a first aquaculture section, a second aquaculture section, and a third aquaculture section along the water flow direction. The width of the first aquaculture section is smaller than that of the second aquaculture section, and the width of the second aquaculture section is smaller than that of the third aquaculture section. The water flow velocity in the first aquaculture section, the second aquaculture section, and the third aquaculture section decreases sequentially. A gate assembly capable of controlling the opening and closing of the flow is provided between the beginning of the first aquaculture section and the third aquaculture section. It also includes an egg-collecting area, which is located behind the third culture section along the water flow direction. An opening and closing assembly is provided between the egg-collecting area and the end of the third culture section, allowing control of the flow between them. Water from the third culture section can enter the egg-collecting area through the opening and closing assembly, and an egg-collecting tube is located at the bottom of the egg-collecting area. The opening and closing assembly includes a flow wall and an opening and closing plate. The flow wall is located at the end of the third culture section to isolate the third culture section from the egg-collecting area. Multiple flow holes are provided on the upper part of the flow wall. The diameter of the flow hole is set to allow only water to pass through. The opening and closing plate is vertically slidable on the flow wall, and slides vertically relative to the flow wall to open and close the flow hole. During water flow stimulation of the parent fish and when fertilized eggs need to be collected, the opening and closing plate moves downward to connect the third breeding section and the egg collection area through the flow hole. When the parent fish spawn in the breeding area within a specific time period, the opening and closing plate moves upward to disconnect the third breeding section and the egg collection area. The opening and closing plate can be controlled to close at specific times during the specific spawning period of the parent fish.

2. The gradient flow runway-type breeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first aquaculture section is equipped with a tangential water inlet for water flow.

3. The gradient flow runway-type breeding system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes several bottom slopes distributed at the bottom of the aquaculture section with the smallest width dimension, the bottom slopes being inclined toward the water flow direction and used to increase the water flow velocity.

4. The gradient flow runway-type breeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygenation assembly includes a liquid oxygen pipe and multiple aeration discs. The liquid oxygen pipe is located at the bottom of each of the aquaculture sections and is used to introduce pure oxygen. The aeration discs are located on the liquid oxygen pipe and are connected to the liquid oxygen pipe. The aeration discs are used to provide oxygen to the water flow for aeration. The aquaculture section with the smallest width has the most aeration discs on the liquid oxygen pipe.

5. The gradient flow runway-type breeding system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes a feeding component, which is disposed in the widest section of the aquaculture facility; the feeding component is used to attract parent fish and to feed them.

6. The gradient flow runway-type breeding system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feeding assembly includes a feeding lamp and a feeding mechanism; the feeding lamp is disposed on the inner side wall of the aquaculture section and is used to emit feeding light, and the feeding mechanism is used to feed the water flow.

7. The gradient flow runway-type breeding system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The breeding pond is cylindrical, the breeding area is arranged in a ring and separated by a water-resistant wall, and the egg collection area is located in the central area of ​​the breeding pond; and the inner wall of the breeding area is smooth.

8. A gradient flow rate runway-style breeding method, characterized in that: The gradient flow runway-type breeding system according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: Place the parent fish into the breeding area; Water is introduced into the aquaculture area to create different flow rates in aquaculture sections of varying widths.

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