Material uniformizing device and method for mining machinery

Abstract

The invention discloses a material uniformizing device and method for mining machinery, and relates to the technical field of mining machinery, the material uniformizing device comprises a rack main body, a conveying groove body used for bearing and conveying mine raw materials is assembled in the rack main body, a driving module is assembled at the side part of the rack main body, and a feeding module is arranged above the rack main body and corresponds to the feeding end of the conveying groove body; the driving module enables the area of an output port of the feeding frame defined by the inclined plane fixed end and the inclined plane movable end to be enlarged through linkage adjustment, meanwhile, the conveying groove body is driven to move downwards, the inclination angle of the conveying groove body is reduced, and the distance between the conveying groove body and the output port of the feeding module is increased. By means of the design, a sufficient falling channel can be provided for mine raw materials with the large size, the problem that the raw materials are clamped and blocked at the feeding port is solved, and the falling impact force of the raw materials can be buffered by increasing the distance between the feeding port and the groove body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining machinery technology, specifically to a material leveling device and method for mining machinery. Background Technology

[0002] A material leveling device for mining machinery is mainly used to uniformly distribute and stably feed bulk materials during mining, mineral processing, and transportation. This device generates high-frequency vibrations to spread the material evenly on the screen surface and convey it forward, while avoiding material accumulation or flow interruption. This ensures the continuity and stability of subsequent crushing, sorting, or transportation processes. It is widely used in open-pit mines, underground mining, mineral processing plants, and sand and gravel production lines. It is especially suitable for the feeding end of equipment such as jaw crushers and cone crushers, and can effectively improve equipment processing efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and reduce mechanical wear.

[0003] However, existing technologies still have the following drawbacks in practical applications: 1. Compared with existing material leveling devices for mining machinery, in terms of structural design, the tilt angle of the main frame is mostly fixed, and the size of the discharge port of the feeding module cannot be adjusted. It can only be adapted to a single specification of mining raw materials. In terms of adaptability, when facing large-sized raw materials, the fixed small-sized discharge port is prone to material jamming and blockage. When facing small-sized raw materials, the fixed large tilt angle and large discharge port will cause the raw materials to scatter and spill, making it impossible to achieve centralized transportation.

[0004] These defects bring multi-dimensional negative effects to the material leveling device. In terms of operation and maintenance efficiency, material jamming and spillage require frequent manual cleaning, and manual adjustment is time-consuming and labor-intensive, significantly extending equipment downtime and seriously affecting the continuity of mining operations. In terms of economic cost, equipment overload caused by material jamming can easily lead to component damage, scattered and spilled raw materials cause waste, and high frictional resistance aggravates equipment wear, requiring frequent replacement of vulnerable parts, which greatly increases the total life cycle operation and maintenance cost. In the field of safety management, material jamming may cause overload and burnout of drive components, there is a risk of accidental injury from the equipment during manual cleaning, and spilled raw materials may also make the working surface slippery, posing a potential threat to the safety of operators.

[0005] 2. Compared with existing material feeding devices for mining machinery, the feeding module has a simple structure, mostly fixed funnel or cylindrical, which cannot be adapted to the characteristics of the raw materials. In addition, the entire device needs to be disassembled when adjusting the feeding space, which is cumbersome and prone to wear due to high sliding friction. Furthermore, the raw materials tend to accumulate inside the feeding module when falling, which makes it impossible to guide the material flow smoothly.

[0006] These defects not only reduce the material feeding efficiency, but also lead to poor device adaptability. Different feeding components need to be replaced when dealing with raw materials of different shapes, increasing the complexity of operation. In addition, frequent component replacement further increases maintenance costs, and vibration and noise may also affect the normal operation of surrounding equipment, posing a safety hazard of equipment resonance causing failure.

[0007] Therefore, in view of this, the present invention proposes a material leveling device and method for mining machinery to make up for and improve the deficiencies of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a material leveling device and method for mining machinery, thereby resolving the technical issues raised in the background section.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a material leveling device for mining machinery, comprising a frame body, wherein a conveying trough for carrying and conveying mineral raw materials is assembled inside the frame body, a drive module is assembled on the side of the frame body, and a feeding module is provided on the upper part of the frame body corresponding to the feeding end of the conveying trough; the feeding module can adapt to the conveying needs of mineral raw materials of different specifications, and realizes linkage control through the drive module: when the equipment conveys large-specification mineral raw materials, the drive module can drive to reduce the tilt angle of the conveying trough, and at the same time drive the discharge port of the feeding module to expand, thereby increasing its conveying space to adapt to the falling and conveying needs of large-specification raw materials; when the equipment conveys small-specification mineral raw materials, the drive module can drive to increase the tilt angle of the conveying trough, and at the same time drive the discharge port of the feeding module to contract, thereby reducing its conveying space to ensure the concentrated and efficient conveying of small-specification raw materials.

[0010] Furthermore, the side wall of the main frame is equipped with a support frame, and the drive module includes a drive motor installed inside the support frame, with a transmission component installed at the output end of the drive motor.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission component includes a belt and at least three pulleys, which are arranged in three layers (upper, middle, and lower) along the same vertical plane. The pulley in the middle layer is controlled by the output of the drive motor. A lower threaded shaft is fixedly connected to the side wall of the lower pulley of the transmission component. A lower nut is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the lower threaded shaft. The lower threaded shaft and the lower nut form a ball screw structure. A lower fixing ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower nut. An inclined support seat is installed on the side wall of the lower fixing ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the inclined support base is slidably connected to the support frame, the inclined support base is trapezoidal in shape, and several rollers are slidably connected evenly on the inclined surface of the inclined support base. The inclined surface of the inclined support base is in contact with the bottom wall of the frame body.

[0013] Furthermore, an upper threaded shaft is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pulley above the transmission component, and an upper nut is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the upper threaded shaft. The upper threaded shaft and the upper nut form a ball screw structure, and an upper fixing ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper nut.

[0014] Furthermore, the feeding module includes an inclined fixed end fixedly connected to the side wall of the support frame, and an inclined moving end slidably connected to the side wall of the inclined fixed end. The inclined moving end is slidably connected to the side wall of the support frame. Several convex spherical points are fixedly connected to the sides of the inclined fixed end and the inclined moving end that are close to each other. The inclined fixed end and the inclined moving end work together to form a complete feeding frame, which is funnel-shaped with a wider top and a narrower bottom.

[0015] Furthermore, the feeding module also includes a straight fixed end fixedly connected to the side wall of the support frame. A straight swing end is installed on the side wall of the straight fixed end, and the straight fixed end and the straight swing end work together to form a complete feeding frame, which is a straight rectangular tube.

[0016] Furthermore, several guide plates are fixedly connected to the side of the straight fixed end and the straight swing end that are close to each other, and the guide plates are generally in the shape of a sloping trapezoid that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0017] Furthermore, a support shaft is fixedly connected at the center of the side wall of the straight swing end, and the straight swing end and the support frame are rotatably connected through the support shaft. Several flexible shaft pads are uniformly fixedly connected to the side wall of the support shaft. The flexible shaft pads are all made of rubber material, and the two sides of the flexible shaft pads are fixedly connected to the side wall of the support frame.

[0018] A material homogenization method for mining machinery includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of the material leveling mechanism: Check whether all components of the main frame are intact, including whether the conveying trough is installed firmly, and ensure that its tilt angle meets the material conveying requirements to prevent abnormal equipment operation or uneven material conveying during the material leveling process; S2: Material uniformity parameter adjustment: Select a material uniformity program that matches the current material characteristics, and set the material uniformity parameters, including vibration frequency, amplitude, and tilt angle of the conveying trough, to ensure that the material is conveyed uniformly and to avoid material accumulation or excessive conveying speed due to parameter mismatch. S3: Uniform material operation: Start the equipment, and the bottom vibration motor will cause the conveying trough to vibrate; under the action of the trough vibration, the material moves forward along the conveying trough and is uniformly dispersed under the vibration inertial force. The shock-absorbing springs buffer the vibration impact, maintain the stable vibration of the equipment, and ensure that the material is uniformly and continuously conveyed to the next process. S4: Material leveling complete: After the conveying is completed, stop the equipment. At this time, check whether there is any material left in the conveying trough. If so, clean it. At the same time, check whether the temperature rise of the vibration motor is normal and whether the shock absorption spring is loose. After the equipment has completely stopped, perform necessary component maintenance or upkeep to prepare for the next material leveling operation.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) For conveying large-sized mining raw materials, the drive module expands the output area of ​​the feeding frame enclosed by the fixed end and the moving end of the inclined plane through linkage adjustment. At the same time, it drives the conveying trough to move downward, which reduces the tilt angle of the conveying trough and increases the distance between it and the output of the feeding module. This design can not only provide sufficient falling channels for large-volume mining raw materials and avoid the problem of raw materials getting stuck and blocked at the feeding port, but also buffer the impact force of the falling raw materials by increasing the distance between the feeding port and the trough. At the same time, the reduced tilt angle makes the movement speed of the raw materials in the trough smoother, avoiding the material flow disorder caused by excessive speed, ensuring that the raw materials are evenly distributed on the conveying trough, achieving efficient material distribution, greatly improving the smoothness and stability of the conveying process, reducing the frequency of manual cleaning of stuck materials, and reducing the intensity of operation.

[0020] This synchronized adjustment method of "expanding the feed inlet in conjunction with reducing the trough inclination angle" perfectly matches the core characteristics of large-sized mineral raw materials, which are large in volume, heavy in weight, and have poor flowability. It has a more targeted adaptation advantage. If large-sized raw materials are only expanded in the feed inlet without adjusting the trough inclination angle, they are prone to impacting the trough wall due to excessive drop height difference. If only the inclination angle is reduced while the feed inlet size is fixed, the raw materials will get stuck due to the narrow channel. This device achieves synchronous adjustment of both through the drive module, ensuring that the expansion of the feed inlet and the reduction of the trough inclination angle are adapted to the conveying needs of large raw materials. No manual secondary intervention is required, which reduces the complexity of operation and avoids equipment failure caused by improper adjustment. It significantly improves the device's adaptation accuracy and ease of use for large-sized raw materials.

[0021] A smaller inclination of the conveying trough plays a crucial role in protecting and stabilizing the flow of large-sized mineral raw materials. Large-sized raw materials are heavy, and if the inclination angle is too large, the materials will slide rapidly along the trough under gravity. This not only easily leads to violent collisions with the trough walls and end components, causing equipment wear and even structural deformation, but also may cause localized accumulation or spillage due to uneven speed. Reducing the inclination angle slows down the sliding speed of the materials and significantly reduces the impact force. This protects the conveying trough and related transmission components, extending the overall service life of the equipment, and allows the materials sufficient time to spread naturally within the trough, avoiding localized accumulation that affects the uniform material distribution. Simultaneously, the roller design of the inclined support further reduces frictional resistance during trough adjustment and material conveying, ensuring smooth and uninterrupted trough operation and continuous and orderly material conveying, providing a fundamental guarantee for the stable and uniform distribution of large-sized raw materials.

[0022] For large-sized raw materials, a funnel-shaped feeding frame with a wider top and narrower bottom is adopted. The structure of the wider top and narrower bottom can use gravity to guide the raw materials to gather towards the center, avoiding the scattering of large raw materials from the edge of the feeding port due to irregular volume and offset center of gravity. This ensures that the raw materials fall accurately into the conveying trough. At the same time, the funnel-shaped structure can gradually narrow the material flow, slow down the falling speed of the raw materials, and further buffer the impact force. The convex ball points on the wall effectively reduce the sliding friction between the raw materials and the wall of the feeding frame, as well as between the inclined moving end and the fixed end. This not only avoids wall wear caused by the sliding of heavy raw materials, but also makes the expansion and adjustment of the inclined moving end smoother and reduces component wear.

[0023] (2) For the conveying of small-sized mine raw materials, the drive module reduces the output area of ​​the feeding frame enclosed by the straight fixed end and the straight swing end through linkage adjustment. At the same time, it drives the conveying trough to move upward, which increases the tilt angle of the conveying trough and reduces the distance between it and the output of the feeding module. This design can not only prevent small-sized raw materials from being scattered due to the excessive feeding space, but also ensure that the raw materials fall into the conveying trough in a concentrated manner. It can also reduce the splashing of raw materials by shortening the falling distance. Combined with the increased tilt angle, the small particles of raw materials can quickly respond to the gravity and achieve stable and continuous conveying. At the same time, the concentrated material flow can evenly cover the trough, effectively avoiding local accumulation or unevenness, greatly improving the uniformity of material distribution, reducing material waste, and improving the conveying efficiency and stability of small-sized raw materials at the same time.

[0024] This synchronized adjustment method, which combines "reducing the feed opening with increasing the trough angle," precisely matches the core characteristics of small-sized mineral raw materials: fine particles, light weight, and high flowability. If only the feed opening is reduced without increasing the angle, small-sized raw materials are prone to accumulation and blockage due to insufficient gravity. If only the angle is increased while the feed opening space is too large, problems such as material dispersion and poor material uniformity will occur. This device achieves coordinated adjustment of both through a drive module, allowing the reduction in feed opening and the increase in trough angle to match the conveying needs of small-particle raw materials. No additional manual adjustment is required, which reduces operational complexity and avoids conveying failures caused by improper adaptation. This significantly improves the device's adaptability to small-sized raw materials and ease of use.

[0025] A greater inclination of the conveying trough plays a crucial role in accelerating and preventing blockages in the conveying of small-sized mineral raw materials. Small-sized raw materials are lightweight, and if the inclination angle is too small, the sliding force of the raw materials in the trough is insufficient, which can easily lead to accumulation and blockage due to friction between particles, affecting the continuity of conveying. However, after increasing the inclination angle, the component of gravity on the raw materials is significantly increased, which can quickly overcome the frictional resistance between particles, accelerate the sliding speed of the raw materials in the trough, and ensure that the raw materials flow smoothly without stagnation. At the same time, the faster conveying speed can reduce the contact time between the raw materials and the trough wall, reduce the risk of adsorption and residue of sticky small particles, and reduce the frequency of manual cleaning.

[0026] For small-sized mineral raw materials, a straight rectangular feeding frame is adopted. The straight rectangular structure provides a regular falling channel for small particles of raw materials. Combined with the reduced output port, it effectively constrains the material flow range and prevents the raw materials from spreading and spilling due to their high fluidity. The guide plates on the wall are sloping trapezoidal with a narrow top and a wide bottom, which can accurately guide the dispersed small particles of raw materials, gather the raw materials in the edge area towards the center, further enhance the concentration of the material flow, and ensure that the raw materials fall evenly into the central area of ​​the conveying trough, improving the material uniformity effect. At the same time, the guide plates can also slow down the falling speed of the raw materials, prevent small particles from splashing due to excessive speed, reduce raw material loss, and the regular material flow can reduce the impact on the trough, protect the equipment, and make the conveying of small-sized raw materials more stable and efficient.

[0027] Most importantly, the drive point of the oscillating end is located at the top, causing it to oscillate in a "larger at the top, smaller at the bottom" manner. This creates a structural advantage of a "large input end and small output end" for the feeding module. The large input end can accommodate more small-sized raw materials feeding simultaneously, avoiding congestion and improving feeding efficiency. The small output end can quickly gather the dispersed material flow, ensuring concentrated material fall and enhancing the uniformity of the material. This perfectly meets the conveying requirements of small-particle raw materials that are "easy to disperse and need to be gathered." At the same time, the rubber flexible shaft pad on the lower side wall of the oscillating end effectively buffers the impact during the movement of the oscillating end, reducing vibration and noise and improving the stability of the device. It can also prevent mining dust from entering the shaft and frame through its own elasticity, preventing wear or jamming. This ensures the oscillating end rotates flexibly, extends the service life of components, and reduces later maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front-view three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial view of the main frame structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main frame structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (planar side view). Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planar side view of each component of the drive module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the axial perspective of the main frame structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main frame structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention (planar side view). Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding module in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the planar side view of each component of the drive module in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the flexible shaft pad in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the planar side view of the feeding module in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0029] The numbers on the map are: 1. Main frame; 11. Conveying trough; 12. Support frame; 2. Drive module; 21. Drive motor; 22. Transmission component; 23. Lower threaded shaft; 24. Lower nut; 25. Lower retaining ring; 26. Inclined support seat; 27. Upper threaded shaft; 28. Upper nut; 29. ​​Upper retaining ring; 3. Feeding module; 31. Inclined fixed end; 32. Inclined moving end; 33. Convex ball point; 34. Straight fixed end; 35. Straight swing end; 36. Guide plate; 37. Support shaft; 38. Flexible shaft pad. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the structure and working principle of the above-mentioned frame body 1, conveying trough 11 and other components are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a material leveling device for mining machinery includes a frame body 1, a conveying trough 11 for carrying and conveying mining raw materials is installed inside the frame body 1, a drive module 2 is installed on the side of the frame body 1, and a feeding module 3 is provided on the top of the frame body 1 corresponding to the feeding end of the conveying trough 11. The feeding module 3 can adapt to the conveying needs of different specifications of mineral raw materials, and can achieve linkage control through the drive module 2: when the equipment conveys large-sized mineral raw materials, the drive module 2 can drive to reduce the tilt angle of the conveying trough 11, and at the same time drive the discharge port of the feeding module 3 to expand, thereby increasing its conveying space to adapt to the falling and conveying needs of large-sized raw materials; when the equipment conveys small-sized mineral raw materials, the drive module 2 can drive to increase the tilt angle of the conveying trough 11, and at the same time drive the discharge port of the feeding module 3 to contract, thereby reducing its conveying space to ensure the concentrated and efficient conveying of small-sized raw materials.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 2 - Figure 6 As shown, the side wall of the main frame 1 is equipped with a support frame 12. The drive module 2 includes a drive motor 21 installed inside the support frame 12. The output end of the drive motor 21 is equipped with a transmission component 22. The transmission component 22 includes a belt and at least three pulleys. The pulleys are arranged in three layers (upper, middle, and lower) along the same vertical plane. The pulleys in the middle layer are controlled by the output end of the drive motor 21.

[0033] It should be noted that a lower threaded shaft 23 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pulley below the transmission component 22. A lower nut 24 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the lower threaded shaft 23. The lower threaded shaft 23 and the lower nut 24 form a ball screw structure. A lower fixing ring 25 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower nut 24. An inclined support seat 26 is installed on the side wall of the lower fixing ring 25. The inclined support seat 26 is slidably connected to the support frame 12. The inclined support seat 26 is trapezoidal in shape. Several rollers are evenly slidably connected to the inclined surface of the inclined support seat 26. The inclined surface of the inclined support seat 26 is in contact with the bottom wall of the frame body 1. An upper threaded shaft 27 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pulley above the transmission component 22. An upper nut 28 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the upper threaded shaft 27. The upper threaded shaft 27 and the upper nut 28 form a ball screw structure. An upper fixing ring 29 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper nut 28.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, the feeding module 3 includes an inclined fixed end 31 fixedly connected to the side wall of the support frame 12. An inclined moving end 32 is slidably connected to the side wall of the inclined fixed end 31, and the inclined moving end 32 is slidably connected to the side wall of the support frame 12. Several convex ball points 33 are fixedly connected to the sides of the inclined fixed end 31 and the inclined moving end 32 that are close to each other. The inclined fixed end 31 and the inclined moving end 32 work together to form a complete feeding frame. The feeding frame is funnel-shaped with a wider top and a narrower bottom.

[0035] It should be noted that the feeding frame formed by the inclined fixed end 31 and the inclined moving end 32 is primarily suited for conveying large-scale mining raw materials. The specific structural arrangement is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, under this working condition, the roller at the uppermost end of the inclined surface of the inclined support 26 forms a snap-fit ​​contact with the bottom of the conveying trough 11 to achieve stable support and angular positioning of the conveying trough 11. The upper fixing ring 29 is assembled at the center of the outer wall of the inclined moving end 32 to ensure that its driving force transmission to the inclined moving end 32 is centered and balanced.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 6As shown, the spiral direction of the spiral grooves on the outer walls of the lower threaded shaft 23 and the upper threaded shaft 27 is consistent. This design ensures that when the two threaded shafts rotate synchronously under the drive motor 21, the axial movement direction of the lower nut 24 and the upper nut 28, which are respectively engaged with the outer walls, remains consistent. At the same time, the pitch of the spiral groove on the outer wall of the lower threaded shaft 23 is greater than that of the spiral groove on the outer wall of the upper threaded shaft 27. Based on the transmission characteristic of ball screws that "the pitch determines the axial displacement per unit speed", under the condition that the drive motor 21 outputs the same speed and acts for the same time, the axial movement of the lower nut 24, which is threaded with the lower threaded shaft 23, will be greater than that of the upper nut 28, which is threaded with the upper threaded shaft 27. This satisfies the differentiated adjustment requirements of the feeding frame and the conveying trough 11 when conveying large-sized raw materials.

[0037] Specifically, in the case of large-scale mining raw material transportation, the device first starts the drive motor 21, which serves as the core power source to drive the pulley located in the middle layer of the vertical plane in the transmission component 22 to rotate. Since the belt tightly connects the upper, middle and lower pulleys, the rotation of the middle pulley synchronously drives the upper and lower pulleys to rotate in the same direction, thereby driving the upper threaded shaft 27 fixed to the side wall of the upper pulley and the lower threaded shaft 23 fixed to the side wall of the lower pulley to rotate synchronously. The key point of this stage is to achieve precise synchronous power transmission through belt transmission, avoiding subsequent asynchronous adjustments due to power transmission lag, and thus providing a stable and synchronous power foundation for the linkage adjustment of the conveying trough 11 and the feeding module 3, ensuring that the entire adjustment process is carried out in an orderly manner.

[0038] With the synchronous rotation of the two different threaded shafts, since the spiral grooves on their outer walls are in the same direction and both form a high-precision ball screw structure with the corresponding nuts, the lower nut 24 and the upper nut 28 move synchronously along the axial direction toward the side closer to the drive motor 21. At the same time, since the pitch of the lower threaded shaft 23 is greater than that of the upper threaded shaft 27, under the condition that the drive motor 21 outputs the same speed and acts for the same amount of time, the movement range of the lower nut 24 is greater than that of the upper nut 28. This ensures the coordination of the adjustment direction of the conveying trough 11 and the feeding module 3, and provides displacement support for the subsequent differentiated adjustment of large-sized raw materials, avoiding problems such as conflict in adjustment direction or mismatch in adjustment range.

[0039] During the movement of the lower nut 24, the lower fixing ring 25 fixed on its outer wall synchronously drives the inclined support seat 26 installed on the side wall to slide smoothly along the inner wall of the support frame 12. Since the inclined support seat 26 is trapezoidal in shape and its inclined surface is in close contact with the bottom wall of the conveying trough 11, and the roller at the uppermost end of the inclined surface of the inclined support seat 26 forms a snap-fit ​​contact with the bottom of the conveying trough 11, as the inclined support seat 26 moves closer to the drive motor 21, the support height of its inclined surface on the conveying trough 11 gradually decreases, eventually reducing the inclination angle of the conveying trough 11 with the horizontal plane. In this stage, the inclination angle of the conveying trough 11 is reduced by the sliding of the inclined support seat 26, effectively avoiding the high-speed sliding impact of large-sized raw materials caused by the excessive inclination angle of the conveying trough 11, protecting the equipment from impact damage. At the same time, the design of the roller greatly reduces the frictional resistance between the inclined support seat 26 and the conveying trough 11, ensuring that the inclination angle adjustment process is smooth and without jamming, improving the stability of the operation of the conveying trough 11, and ensuring that large-sized raw materials can be conveyed slowly and stably.

[0040] At the same time, when the upper nut 28 moves, the upper fixing ring 29 fixed on its outer wall synchronously drives the inclined moving end 32 assembled at its center to slide along the side wall of the support frame 12 and the side wall of the inclined fixed end 31. The convex ball point 33 on the side of the inclined fixed end 31 and the inclined moving end 32 effectively reduces the sliding friction between the two, ensuring that the inclined moving end 32 can move smoothly. Finally, the funnel-shaped feeding frame outlet enclosed by the two is in an expanded state, and the feeding space is significantly increased. In this stage, the expansion of the feeding port is achieved by the sliding of the inclined moving end 32, which not only solves the problem of large raw materials being easily stuck at the feeding port, but also ensures that the expanded feeding space can adapt to the size of large raw materials and ensures that the raw materials fall smoothly into the conveying trough 11. The design of the convex ball point 33 reduces the wear of the inclined moving end 32 when it slides, extends the service life of the components, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0041] Ultimately, through the synchronous drive of the drive motor 21, the device completed the linkage adjustment of reducing the tilt angle of the conveying trough 11 and increasing the material feeding space of the feeding module 3. This overall adjustment achieves a dual guarantee of "conveying stability + feeding smoothness". It not only perfectly adapts to the uniform material conveying requirements of large-scale mine raw materials and avoids problems such as raw material jamming and equipment impact, but also improves the operating efficiency and adaptability of the entire device, reduces manual intervention and the probability of equipment failure, and provides strong support for the continuity and stability of mining operations.

[0042] Example 2: Based on Example 1, please refer to... Figure 2 , Figure 7 - Figure 12As shown, the feeding module 3 also includes a straight fixed end 34 fixedly connected to the side wall of the support frame 12. A straight swing end 35 is installed on the side wall of the straight fixed end 34, and the straight fixed end 34 and the straight swing end 35 work together to form a complete feeding frame. The feeding frame is a straight rectangular tube.

[0043] It should be noted that several guide plates 36 are fixedly connected to the side of the straight fixed end 34 and the straight swing end 35 that are close to each other. The guide plates 36 are generally in the shape of a sloping trapezoid with a narrow top and a wide bottom. A support shaft 37 is fixedly connected to the center of the side wall of the straight swing end 35. The straight swing end 35 and the support frame 12 are rotatably connected through the support shaft 37. Several flexible shaft pads 38 are evenly fixedly connected to the side wall of the support shaft 37. The flexible shaft pads 38 are all made of rubber. The two sides of the flexible shaft pads 38 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the support frame 12.

[0044] It should be noted that the feeding frame, formed by the straight fixed end 34 and the straight swing end 35 working together, is primarily suited for conveying small-sized mineral raw materials. The specific structural arrangement is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, under this working condition, the roller on the inclined surface of the inclined support 26 at the bottom forms a snap-fit ​​contact with the bottom of the conveying trough 11. Through the support and positioning of the bottom area, a stable reference is provided for the subsequent tilt angle adjustment of the conveying trough 11. The upper fixing ring 29 is assembled above the side wall of the straight swing end 35. This assembly position can ensure that the driving force of the upper nut 28 is accurately transmitted to the upper area of ​​the straight swing end 35, providing efficient torque support for its swing adjustment.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 10 As shown, the spiral directions of the outer wall spiral grooves of the lower threaded shaft 23 and the upper threaded shaft 27 are opposite. This design allows the two threaded shafts to rotate synchronously under the drive motor 21. Based on the spiral transmission characteristics of the ball screw, the lower nut 24 and the upper nut 28, which are respectively fitted on their outer walls, exhibit opposite axial movement directions: the lower nut 24 moves away from the drive motor 21 along the lower threaded shaft 23, while the upper nut 28 moves closer to the drive motor 21 along the upper threaded shaft 27. Simultaneously, the lower threaded shaft 23... The pitch of the outer spiral groove of the 3rd threaded screw is larger than that of the outer spiral groove of the upper threaded shaft 27. Combined with the transmission law of ball screw that "axial displacement at unit speed is positively correlated with pitch", under the condition that the drive motor 21 outputs the same speed and acts for the same time, the axial movement of the lower nut 24 that cooperates with the lower threaded shaft 23 will be greater than that of the upper nut 28 that cooperates with the upper threaded shaft 27. This provides displacement adaptation for the differentiated adjustment of the conveying trough 11 and the feeding frame when conveying small-sized raw materials.

[0046] Specifically, this embodiment mainly targets the transportation of small-scale mining raw materials. Its basic power transmission logic is the same as that of Embodiment 1. The core difference lies in the movement direction of the lower nut 24 and the upper nut 28. The specific workflow is as follows: First, to meet the demand for centralized and efficient transportation of small-sized raw materials, the drive motor 21 is started in advance. Its output end drives the middle pulley of the transmission component 22 to rotate. The belt synchronously drives the upper and lower pulleys and the corresponding fixed lower threaded shaft 23 and upper threaded shaft 27 to rotate in the same direction. Since the spiral grooves on the outer walls of the two threaded shafts are in opposite directions and both form a ball screw structure with the corresponding nuts, they exhibit opposite axial movements when rotating synchronously: the lower nut 24 moves away from the drive motor 21 along the lower threaded shaft 23, while the upper nut 28 moves towards the drive motor 21 along the upper threaded shaft 27. At the same time, due to the fact that the pitch of the lower threaded shaft 23 is greater than that of the upper threaded shaft 27, the axial movement of the lower nut 24 is still greater than that of the upper nut 28 under the same speed and action time, providing displacement support for subsequent differentiated adjustment.

[0047] Regarding the adjustment of the tilt angle of the conveying trough 11: the lower nut 24 drives the lower fixing ring 25 fixed on the outer wall to move synchronously away from the drive motor 21, thereby pulling the inclined support seat 26 to slide smoothly along the support frame 12; under this condition, the roller at the bottom of the inclined surface of the inclined support seat 26 engages with the bottom of the conveying trough 11, and the bottom support positioning ensures the stability of the adjustment reference. As the inclined support seat 26 moves, the support height of its inclined surface on the conveying trough 11 gradually increases, eventually increasing the tilt angle of the conveying trough 11. This adjustment can take advantage of the high fluidity of small-sized raw materials to accelerate the sliding speed of the raw materials in the trough, avoiding accumulation and blockage caused by small particles and insufficient gravity. At the same time, the roller design can still significantly reduce the frictional resistance between the inclined support seat 26 and the bottom wall of the trough, ensuring that the tilt angle adjustment process is smooth and protecting the components from wear.

[0048] Regarding the reduction of the material feeding space in the feeding module 3: the upper nut 28 drives the upper fixing ring 29 fixed on the outer wall to move synchronously towards the drive motor 21. Since the upper fixing ring 29 is assembled above the side wall of the straight swing end 35, the driving force can be accurately transmitted to the upper area of ​​the straight swing end 35, forming a high-efficiency torque around the support shaft 37, causing the straight swing end 35 to swing towards the straight fixed end 34. The material feeding space of the straight rectangular feeding frame enclosed by the two is reduced accordingly, effectively preventing small-sized raw materials from being scattered and spilled due to excessive space. During this period, the guide plate 36 on the side of the straight fixed end 34 and the straight swing end 35 that are close to each other can further guide the raw materials to gather in the central area of ​​the conveying trough 11, enhancing the uniformity of the material. At the same time, the rubber flexible shaft pad 38 on the side wall of the support shaft 37 can buffer the impact when the straight swing end 35 swings, reduce vibration noise, and can also seal the gap between the shaft and the frame through its own elasticity to prevent mining dust from entering the shaft and affecting the rotation flexibility, thus extending the service life of the components.

[0049] Finally, through the synchronous drive of the drive motor 21, the device completes the linkage adjustment of "increasing the inclination angle of the conveying trough 11 + reducing the conveying space of the feeding module 3". It not only achieves rapid conveying of small-sized raw materials by using a large inclination angle, but also ensures the concentration of raw materials by reducing the conveying space and the synergistic effect of the guide plate 36. It perfectly adapts to the uniform material requirements of small-sized mining raw materials. At the same time, the buffer sealing design of the rubber flexible shaft pad 38 further improves the operational stability of the device and the durability of the components, reducing the later operation and maintenance costs.

[0050] Example 3: A material homogenization method for mining machinery, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation of the material leveling mechanism: Check whether all components of the main frame 1 are intact, including whether the conveying trough 11 is installed firmly, and ensure that its tilt angle meets the material conveying requirements to prevent abnormal equipment operation or uneven material conveying during the material leveling process. S2: Material uniformity parameter adjustment: Select a material uniformity program that matches the current material characteristics, and set the material uniformity parameters, including vibration frequency, amplitude, and tilt angle of the conveying trough 11, to ensure that the material is conveyed uniformly and to avoid material accumulation or excessive conveying speed due to parameter mismatch. S3: Uniform material operation: Start the equipment, and the bottom vibration motor will cause the conveying trough 11 to vibrate; under the action of the trough vibration, the material moves forward along the conveying trough 11, and at the same time, it is evenly dispersed under the vibration inertial force. The shock-absorbing spring buffers the vibration impact, maintains the stable vibration of the equipment, and ensures that the material is evenly and continuously conveyed to the next process. S4: Material leveling complete: After the conveying is completed, stop the equipment. At this time, check whether there is any residual material in the conveying trough 11. If so, clean it. At the same time, check whether the temperature rise of the vibration motor is normal and whether the shock absorption spring is loose. After the equipment is completely stopped, perform necessary component maintenance or upkeep to prepare for the next material leveling operation.

[0051] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A material leveling device for mining machinery, comprising a frame body (1), wherein the frame body (1) is internally equipped with a conveying trough (11) for carrying and conveying mining raw materials, characterized in that: The side of the frame body (1) is equipped with a drive module (2), and the upper part of the frame body (1) is provided with a feeding module (3) corresponding to the feeding end of the conveying trough (11). The feeding module (3) can adapt to the conveying needs of different specifications of mineral raw materials, and can achieve linkage control through the drive module (2): when the equipment conveys large-specification mineral raw materials, the drive module (2) can drive to reduce the tilt angle of the conveying trough (11), and at the same time drive the discharge port of the feeding module (3) to expand, thereby increasing its conveying space and adapting to the falling and conveying needs of large-specification raw materials; when the equipment conveys small-specification mineral raw materials, the drive module (2) can drive to increase the tilt angle of the conveying trough (11), and at the same time drive the discharge port of the feeding module (3) to contract, thereby reducing its conveying space and ensuring the concentrated and efficient conveying of small-specification raw materials.

2. The material leveling device for mining machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the frame body (1) is equipped with a support frame (12), and the drive module (2) includes a drive motor (21) installed inside the support frame (12). The output end of the drive motor (21) is equipped with a transmission component (22).

3. The material leveling device for mining machinery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission component (22) includes a belt and at least three pulleys. The pulleys are arranged in three layers (upper, middle, and lower) along the same vertical plane. The pulley in the middle layer is controlled by the output of the drive motor (21). A lower threaded shaft (23) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the lower pulley of the transmission component (22). A lower nut (24) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the lower threaded shaft (23). The lower threaded shaft (23) and the lower nut (24) form a ball screw structure. A lower fixing ring (25) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower nut (24). An inclined support seat (26) is installed on the side wall of the lower fixing ring (25).

4. A material leveling device for mining machinery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inclined support seat (26) is slidably connected to the support frame (12). The inclined support seat (26) is trapezoidal in shape, and several rollers are slidably connected to the inclined surface of the inclined support seat (26). The inclined surface of the inclined support seat (26) is in contact with the bottom wall of the frame body (1).

5. A material leveling device for mining machinery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper pulley of the transmission component (22) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the upper threaded shaft (27), and the outer wall of the upper threaded shaft (27) is threadedly connected to the upper nut (28). The upper threaded shaft (27) and the upper nut (28) form a ball screw structure, and the outer wall of the upper nut (28) is fixedly connected to the upper fixing ring (29).

6. A material leveling device for mining machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding module (3) includes a sloping fixed end (31) fixedly connected to the side wall of the support frame (12). The side wall of the sloping fixed end (31) is slidably connected to a sloping moving end (32), and the sloping moving end (32) is slidably connected to the side wall of the support frame (12). Several convex ball points (33) are fixedly connected to the sides of the sloping fixed end (31) and the sloping moving end (32) that are close to each other. The sloping fixed end (31) and the sloping moving end (32) work together to form a complete feeding frame. The feeding frame is a funnel shape that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

7. A material leveling device for mining machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding module (3) also includes a straight fixed end (34) fixedly connected to the side wall of the support frame (12). A straight swing end (35) is installed on the side wall of the straight fixed end (34), and the straight fixed end (34) and the straight swing end (35) work together to form a complete feeding frame. The feeding frame is a straight rectangular tube.

8. A material leveling device for mining machinery according to claim 7, characterized in that: Several guide plates (36) are fixedly connected to the side of the straight fixed end (34) and the straight swing end (35) that are close to each other, and the guide plate (36) is a sloping trapezoid with a narrow top and a wide bottom.

9. A material leveling device for mining machinery according to claim 7, characterized in that: A support shaft (37) is fixedly connected at the center of the side wall of the straight swing end (35). The straight swing end (35) and the support frame (12) are rotatably connected through the support shaft (37). A number of flexible shaft pads (38) are evenly fixedly connected to the side wall of the support shaft (37). The flexible shaft pads (38) are all made of rubber. The two sides of the flexible shaft pads (38) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the support frame (12).

10. A material leveling method for mining machinery, applied to a material leveling device for mining machinery according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of material equalization mechanism: Check whether each part of the main frame (1) is intact, including whether the conveying trough (11) is installed firmly, and ensure that its tilt angle meets the material conveying requirements, so as to prevent abnormal equipment operation or uneven material conveying during the material equalization process; S2: Adjustment of material uniformity parameters: Select a material uniformity program that matches the current material characteristics, set material uniformity parameters, including vibration frequency, amplitude, and tilt angle of the conveying trough (11), to ensure that the material uniformity is met and to avoid material accumulation or excessive conveying due to parameter mismatch. S3: Uniform material operation: Start the equipment, and the bottom vibration motor causes the conveying trough (11) to vibrate; the material moves forward along the conveying trough (11) under the action of the trough vibration, and at the same time, it is uniformly dispersed under the vibration inertial force. The shock-absorbing spring buffers the vibration impact, maintains the stable vibration of the equipment, and ensures that the material is uniformly and continuously conveyed to the next process. S4: Material homogenization ends: After the conveying is completed, stop the equipment. At this time, check whether there is any residual material in the conveying trough (11). If so, clean it. At the same time, check whether the temperature rise of the vibration motor is normal and whether the shock absorption spring is loose. After the equipment is completely still, perform necessary component maintenance or upkeep to prepare for the next material homogenization operation.

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