Tire pumping noise simulation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a tire pumping noise simulation device, and relates to the technical field of measuring equipment, and the tire pumping noise simulation device comprises a frame body which is movably connected with a pumping generation device. The pump suction generating device comprises a first mounting block body connected with the frame body, a first cavity which is arranged below the first mounting block body and is far away from one end of the first mounting block body and can be connected with the test block, and a piston assembly which is fixedly arranged below the first mounting block body and is arranged in the first cavity to perform vertical reciprocating motion. A piston assembly is arranged below a first mounting block connected with a frame body and can vertically reciprocate in a first cavity, the vertical bottom of the first cavity is connected with a test block, a reciprocating piston is adopted to simulate the pumping effect, no high-speed rotating component exists, the maximum background noise source is fundamentally eliminated, and the test efficiency is improved. The measured acoustic signal is almost purely from the pumping effect, and the signal-to-noise ratio is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of measurement equipment technology, and specifically relates to a tire pump suction noise simulation device. Background Technology

[0002] Tire pump noise is a major source of traffic noise, and its generation mechanism involves complex transient airflow, making accurate simulation and measurement of this phenomenon in the laboratory a persistent challenge in the industry. A mainstream approach currently employs a large rotary drum test bench, pressing a real tire onto the surface of a high-precision steel drum and rotating it at high speed. Noise is collected by an array of microphones placed within an acoustic semi-anechoic chamber. This large-scale equipment can realistically simulate the rolling conditions of a tire. In these test benches, the tire, drum, drive system, and loading system are integrated into a single, massive mechanical structure.

[0003] In existing research on noise reduction road surfaces and tire NVH (Noise, Vibration, and Harshness), this type of drum test bench is often used to verify noise and vibration performance. In this structure, the high-speed rotation of the tire and drum generates significant background aerodynamic and mechanical vibration noise, severely drowning out the weak noise generated by the pumping effect, resulting in a very low signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, due to limitations in the equipment's operating principle, this enclosed and moving structure makes it difficult to implement advanced non-contact optical measurement methods (such as particle image velocimetry, PIV), hindering the direct observation and quantification of the transient flow field structure generated by the pumping process, thus limiting in-depth research at the mechanistic level. In addition, such equipment is extremely expensive, requires a large footprint, and key parameters such as vehicle speed and load are interdependent, making precise and independent control of a single variable difficult. It also suffers from drawbacks such as complex operation, long testing cycles, and high energy consumption.

[0004] Another existing technology is a small rotary pump suction simulator, which uses a grooved rotor to simulate tire treads and generates pulsed airflow through the interaction of the stator and rotor. While this device simplifies the structure, its rotating components still generate interference noise, and it suffers from problems such as difficulty in dynamic sealing, rapid wear, and inaccurate load simulation. It also struggles to simultaneously achieve high-precision acoustic and flow field measurements. To address at least one of these technical problems, it is necessary to develop a tire pump suction noise simulation device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tire pump suction noise simulation device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. A piston assembly is provided below the first mounting block connected to the frame. The piston assembly can perform vertical reciprocating motion in the first cavity. The test block is connected to the vertical bottom of the first cavity. The pump suction effect is simulated by a "reciprocating piston". There are no high-speed rotating parts, which fundamentally eliminates the largest background noise source. The measured sound signal is almost purely derived from the pump suction effect itself, and the signal-to-noise ratio is high.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A tire pump suction noise simulation device includes a frame, the frame being movably connected to a pump suction generating device. The pumping device includes a first mounting block connected to a frame, a first cavity located below the first mounting block and at one end away from the first mounting block for connecting a test block, and a piston assembly fixedly located below the first mounting block and within the first cavity for vertical reciprocating motion. The upper surface of the test block is in contact with the edge of the first cavity away from the first mounting block; the test block is specifically a tire tread test block; the first cavity extends vertically; in this technical solution, a piston assembly is located below the first mounting block connected to the frame, and the piston assembly can perform vertical reciprocating motion within the first cavity, with the test block connected to the vertical bottom of the first cavity. The pumping effect is simulated using a reciprocating piston, eliminating high-speed rotating parts and fundamentally eliminating the largest background noise source, making the measured sound signal almost purely derived from the pumping effect itself, resulting in a high signal-to-noise ratio. The integrated design of the cavity and the test block simplifies the structure, reduces leakage points, and makes the load transfer path more direct.

[0007] Preferably, the piston assembly includes a piston head disposed within a first cavity, a sealing ring coaxially sleeved on the outer surface of the piston head, and a first transmission mechanism that enables the piston head to perform vertical reciprocating motion within the first cavity. The end of the first transmission mechanism furthest from the piston head is connected to a first mounting block. The radial surface of the sealing ring is in contact with the inner surface of the first cavity. The sealing ring ensures the reliability of the dynamic seal between the piston head and the first cavity, preventing gas leakage. The cavity cross-section is shaped like the contact surface between a tire and the road surface, simulating the actual tire-road contact state.

[0008] Preferably, the first transmission mechanism includes a linear motor fixedly mounted below the first mounting block, the transmission end of which is connected to the piston head. The linear motor in this technical solution is a linear servo motor, allowing the piston head to reciprocate vertically within the first cavity under the drive of the linear servo motor. The first cavity is a transparent cavity, fastened to the first mounting block by bolts via its top flange. A tire tread pattern test block is directly adhered to the bottom outer surface of the transparent cavity using high-strength epoxy resin adhesive. The transparent cavity is made of aerospace-grade polycarbonate or optical glass with a thickness of not less than 10mm. The cross-section of the first cavity should have the same shape as the contact surface when the tire contacts the road surface. The linear servo motor is programmable to control the piston head to perform high-speed reciprocating motion at any frequency and stroke, accurately simulating the pumping effect. Specifically, the reciprocating frequency range of the linear servo motor is 5-100 Hz, used to simulate a vehicle speed of 20-120 km / h. Preferably, the first cavity is provided with a first through hole. The first through hole is located close to the first mounting block, and one or more first through holes are provided; this ensures that the first cavity has multiple exhaust ports between the piston head and the first mounting block, guaranteeing that the piston can operate normally.

[0009] Preferably, the first cavity is provided with an injection interface, wherein the injection interface is equipped with an exhaust valve. The exhaust valve and injection interface are located close to the test block; both the exhaust valve and injection interface are located below the first through hole. An injection interface for oil lubrication and tracer particles is machined and installed on the lower side of the first cavity. After the tracer particles are injected, the exhaust valve is closed for sealing. The PIV laser and high-speed camera are aligned from the outside of the device with the contact area between the patterned block and the road surface, i.e., the contact area between the test block and the road test specimen. A microphone array is arranged outside the first cavity. All devices are triggered uniformly by a synchronous controller. This achieves convenient gas replacement within the first cavity and efficient, uniform injection of tracer particles, which is key to successful PIV measurement. The multimodal measurement system (PIV + microphone array) can synchronously and in-situ capture transient flow field structure and acoustic field information during the pumping process, directly establishing the causal relationship between fluid dynamics events and acoustic events. Synchronous control ensures that all data are strictly aligned in time.

[0010] Preferably, the tire pump suction noise simulation device further includes a load application system that can apply pressure to the pump suction generating device vertically. The output end of the load application system abuts against the upper surface of the first mounting block, wherein the force direction of the load application system is on the same straight line as the direction of the vertical reciprocating motion of the pump suction generating device. The first mounting block is located vertically below the load application system; the load application system and the first mounting block transmit force in an abutting manner, thereby contacting the first mounting block by pressing, thus achieving complete decoupling between static load and dynamic pump suction. This technical solution uses a reciprocating piston to simulate the pump suction effect and combines a "static-dynamic separation" design, that is, a design that separates the static load from the dynamic pump suction effect. In principle, it avoids the complexity and background noise interference of rotary devices, provides precise variable control, and has high data reliability; and without high-speed rotating parts, it fundamentally eliminates the largest background noise source, making the measured sound signal almost purely derived from the pump suction effect itself, resulting in a high signal-to-noise ratio. Preferably, the first mounting block is movably connected to the frame; the frame is provided with a guide shaft, and the first mounting block is provided with a bearing movably connected to the guide shaft to allow the first mounting block to move vertically. The guide shaft is vertically oriented; the bearing is specifically a linear bearing; projected vertically, the guide shaft is located on the outer periphery of the first cavity; the bearings and guide shafts are grouped together, and multiple groups are provided. In this technical solution, four groups are provided, located at the edge corners of the first mounting block. Under the force applied by the load application system, the first mounting block moves vertically within the directions defined by the guide shaft and bearing. The first mounting block of the pumping device is sleeved on the guide shaft via a linear bearing; the cooperation between the guide shaft and the linear bearing ensures that the pumping device can only move along a strictly vertical trajectory, completely eliminating the possibility of lateral tilting or twisting, thereby ensuring uniform contact pressure between the bottom tire tread test block and the road test specimen, which is a fundamental prerequisite for the accuracy of experimental data. Simultaneously, the frame effectively isolates external vibration interference.

[0011] Preferably, a top plate is provided above the frame, and the load application system includes a force-applying component fixedly connected to the lower end face of the top plate, a force sensor connected to the force-applying end of the force-applying component and capable of vertical movement, and a contact pressure head disposed on the side of the force sensor away from the force-applying component. The side of the contact pressure head away from the force sensor abuts against the upper end face of the first mounting block. In this technical solution, the force-applying component is specifically a servo electric cylinder, wherein the servo electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the top plate, and the force-applying end of the servo electric cylinder is connected to the force sensor, wherein the contact pressure head is connected to the side of the force sensor away from the force-applying component; wherein the top plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide shaft; the force-applying end of the force-applying component, the force sensor, and the contact pressure head are all arranged on the same straight line and are vertically arranged. The contact pressure head contacts the upper surface of the first mounting block of the pump suction generating device by pressing, rather than being rigidly fixed. The servo electric cylinder provides a static load range of 200-2000 N. The load application system transmits force to the first mounting block through contact, thereby achieving complete decoupling between the static load and dynamic pumping suction by pressing against the first mounting block. The force application component, through feedback from a force sensor, can accurately apply and maintain a constant static load to simulate vehicle weight. The reciprocating vibration generated by the linear servo motor is effectively isolated by the pressing connection to the first mounting block, preventing interference with the force sensor readings and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the load control system.

[0012] Preferably, the tire pump suction noise simulation device further includes a measurement system; The measurement system includes one or more of a PIV laser, a camera, and a microphone. The multimodal measurement system (PIV + microphone array) can synchronously and in-situ capture transient flow field structure and acoustic field information during the pumping process, directly establishing the causal relationship between fluid dynamics events and acoustic events. Synchronous control ensures strict temporal alignment of all data. The PIV laser emits sheet light to illuminate the tracer particles, and the high-speed camera continuously captures particle images. After subsequent cross-correlation calculations, the transient velocity field and vorticity field can be obtained. The microphone array synchronously records sound and generates a sound source cloud map through beamforming algorithms, visually displaying the main noise emission locations.

[0013] Preferably, the PIV laser, camera, and microphone are arranged in multiple ring arrays around the center point of the first cavity on the outer periphery of the frame. Specifically, the camera is a high-speed camera. In this technical solution, there are two PIV lasers and two high-speed cameras spaced 180 degrees apart. There are 44 microphones, and the positions of the high-speed cameras, PIV lasers, and microphones do not interfere with or overlap with each other.

[0014] Preferably, a base is provided below the frame, and a road test specimen is connected above the base. The side of the road test specimen away from the base is attached to a test block. Specifically, the road test specimen is a road rut slab specimen. The base is fixedly connected to the end of a guide shaft, and both ends of the guide shaft are fixedly connected to the base and the top plate, respectively. Vertically, the projection surface of the road test specimen falls into the projection surface of the base. The frame comprises a rigid frame consisting of a top plate, a base, and four guide shafts connected by threads or flanges. The first mounting block of the pumping system is sleeved on the guide shafts via linear bearings. This structure provides the entire device with extremely high static stiffness and stability, reliably withstanding the enormous static load applied by the servo electric cylinder. The cooperation between the guide shaft and the linear bearings ensures that the pumping system can only move along a strictly vertical trajectory, completely eliminating the possibility of lateral tilting or torsion, thus ensuring uniform contact pressure between the bottom tire tread test block and the road test specimen—a fundamental prerequisite for accurate experimental data. Simultaneously, the frame effectively isolates external vibration interference.

[0015] Preferably, a mounting groove is provided on the side of the base near the first cavity, and the road test specimen fits into the mounting groove. Road rutting slab specimens, such as SMA or OGFC asphalt rutting slabs, are placed on the mounting groove of the base. Different tire tread pattern test blocks can be pre-attached to the bottom of a spare transparent cavity, i.e., the end of the first cavity furthest from the first mounting block. This enables rapid and accurate variable replacement. Researchers can complete switching tests for different road surfaces or different tire tread patterns within minutes, greatly improving experimental efficiency and research flexibility, making it suitable for systematic parametric studies. Preferably, when projected vertically, the projection surface of the specimen falls within the projection surface of the road test specimen.

[0016] Preferably, the first cavity is a transparent cavity. The transparent cavity provides an observation window for the PIV laser.

[0017] This application has achieved beneficial technical effects: The present invention has a piston assembly located below the first mounting block connected to the frame. The piston assembly can perform vertical reciprocating motion within the first cavity, and the test block is connected to the vertical bottom of the first cavity. The "reciprocating piston" is used to simulate the pumping effect. There are no high-speed rotating parts, which fundamentally eliminates the largest source of background noise, making the measured sound signal almost purely derived from the pumping effect itself, resulting in a high signal-to-noise ratio.

[0018] The load application system transmits force to the first mounting block through contact, thereby achieving complete decoupling between the static load and dynamic pumping suction by pressing the first mounting block together. This technical solution uses a reciprocating piston to simulate the pumping suction effect and combines it with a "static-dynamic separation" design, that is, a design that separates the static load from the dynamic pumping suction effect. In principle, this avoids the complexity of rotary devices and background noise interference, ensuring precise variable control and high data reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the present invention; Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the measurement structure. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic of the piston assembly. Figure 4 The diagram shown is a connection block diagram of the electronic control system of the present invention; Figure 5 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the mounting frame.

[0020] Figure Labels 1-Frame; 11-Top plate; 12-Guide shaft; 13-Base; 131-Mounting groove; 2-Load application system; 21-Force application component; 22-Force sensor; 23-Contact pressure head; 3-Pump suction generating device; 31-First mounting block; 32-Piston assembly; 321-Piston head; 322-Sealing ring; 323-First transmission mechanism; 33-First cavity; 34-First through hole; 35-Exhaust valve; 36-Injection interface; 37-Test block; 38-Bearing; 41-PIV laser; 42-Camera; 43-Microphone; 5-Road test piece. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1 Reference Figures 1 to 4 A tire pump suction noise simulation device includes a frame 1, wherein the frame 1 is movably connected to a pump suction generating device 3. The pumping device 3 includes a first mounting block 31 connected to the frame 1, a first cavity 33 located below the first mounting block 31 and with one end away from the first mounting block 31 that can be connected to a test block 37, and a piston assembly 32 fixedly located below the first mounting block 31 and located within the first cavity 33 for vertical reciprocating motion. Figure 1For a direct viewing angle, the vertical direction is defined as vertical, that is, the direction from the load application system to the pumping device is defined as vertical. In this technical solution, the first mounting block 31 is movably connected to the frame 1, and the first mounting block 31 can move vertically under the guidance of the frame 1. The upper surface of the test block 37 is in contact with the edge of the first cavity 33 away from the first mounting block 31. The test block 37 is specifically a tire tread test block. The first cavity 33 extends vertically. In this technical solution, a piston assembly 32 is provided below the first mounting block 31 connected to the frame 1. The piston assembly 32 can reciprocate vertically within the first cavity 33, and the test block 37 is connected to the vertical bottom of the first cavity 33. The "reciprocating piston" is used to simulate the pumping effect. There are no high-speed rotating parts, which fundamentally eliminates the largest background noise source, making the measured sound signal almost purely derived from the pumping effect itself, resulting in a high signal-to-noise ratio. The integrated design of the first cavity 33 and the test block 37 simplifies the structure and reduces leakage points, that is, it reduces the leakage points at the contact position between the first cavity 33 and the test block 37, making the load transfer path more direct.

[0024] The piston assembly 32 includes a piston head 321 disposed within a first cavity 33, a sealing ring 322 coaxially sleeved on the outer surface of the piston head 321, and a first transmission mechanism 323 that enables the piston head 321 to perform vertical reciprocating motion within the first cavity 33. The end of the first transmission mechanism 323 away from the piston head 321 is connected to a first mounting block 31. The radial surface of the sealing ring 322 is in contact with the inner surface of the first cavity 33. The sealing ring 322 ensures the reliability of the dynamic seal between the piston head 321 and the first cavity 33, preventing gas leakage, specifically preventing gas leakage between the piston head and the inner wall of the first cavity along the radial direction of the piston head. The cross-section of the first cavity 33 is shaped like the contact surface between a tire and the road surface, simulating the actual state of tire-road contact.

[0025] The first transmission mechanism 323 includes a linear motor fixedly mounted below the first mounting block 31, and the transmission end of the linear motor is connected to the piston head 321. The linear motor in this technical solution is a linear servo motor, allowing the piston head 321 to reciprocate vertically within the first cavity 33 under the drive of the linear servo motor. Specifically, the linear servo motor is inverted and fixed to the upper first mounting block 31, and the end of the linear servo motor push rod is threaded to the piston 34. A rubber sealing ring is fitted onto the piston head. The first cavity 33 is a transparent cavity, and its top flange is fastened to the first mounting block 31 by bolts. A tire tread pattern test block is directly adhered to the bottom outer surface of the transparent cavity using high-strength epoxy resin adhesive. The transparent cavity is made of aerospace-grade polycarbonate or optical glass with a thickness of not less than 10mm. The cross-section of the first cavity 33 should be the same as the shape of the contact surface when the tire contacts the road surface. The linear servo motor is programmable to control the piston head to perform high-speed reciprocating motion at any frequency and stroke to accurately simulate the pumping effect. Specifically, the reciprocating frequency range of the linear servo motor is 5 Hz - 100 Hz, which is used to simulate a vehicle speed of 20km / h-120 km / h.

[0026] The first cavity 33 is provided with a first through hole 34. The first through hole 34 is located close to the first mounting block 31, and one or more first through holes 34 are provided; so that the first cavity 33 has multiple exhaust ports between the piston head 321 and the first mounting block 31 to ensure that the piston can operate normally.

[0027] The first cavity 33 is equipped with an injection port 36, which includes an exhaust valve 35. Specifically, a tube extends through the side of the first cavity 33, and the exhaust valve 35 is installed on the tube. The exhaust valve 35 and injection port 36 are located close to the test block 37. Both the exhaust valve 35 and injection port 36 are located below the first through hole 34. An injection port 36, which serves as both an oil lubricant and a tracer particle injector, is machined and installed on the lower side of the first cavity 33. After the tracer particles are injected, the exhaust valve 35 is closed for sealing. The PIV laser and high-speed camera are aligned from the outside of the device with the contact area between the patterned block and the road surface, i.e., the contact area between the test block and the road test specimen. A microphone array is arranged outside the first cavity 33. All equipment is triggered uniformly by a synchronous controller. This facilitates the replacement of gas within the first cavity 33 and enables efficient and uniform injection of tracer particles, which is crucial for successful PIV measurement. The multimodal measurement system (PIV + microphone array) can synchronously and in-situ capture transient flow field structure and acoustic field information during the pumping process, directly establishing the causal relationship between fluid dynamic events and acoustic events. Synchronous control ensures that all data are strictly aligned in time.

[0028] The first mounting block 31 is movably connected to the frame 1. The tire pump suction noise simulation device also includes a load application system 2 that can apply pressure to the pump suction generating device 3 vertically. The output end of the load application system 2 abuts against the upper surface of the first mounting block 31, wherein the force application direction of the load application system 2 is on the same straight line as the direction of the vertical reciprocating motion of the pump suction generating device 3. The first mounting block 31 is located vertically below the load application system. The load application system 2 and the first mounting block 31 transmit force in an abutting manner, thereby contacting the first mounting block 31 by pressing, thus achieving complete decoupling between static load and dynamic pump suction. This technical solution uses a reciprocating piston to simulate the pumping effect and combines it with a "static-dynamic separation" design, that is, a design that separates the static load from the dynamic pumping effect. In principle, it avoids the complexity of rotary devices and background noise interference, with precise variable control and high data reliability. Moreover, without high-speed rotating parts, it fundamentally eliminates the largest source of background noise, making the measured sound signal almost purely derived from the pumping effect itself, resulting in a high signal-to-noise ratio.

[0029] The first mounting block 31 is movably connected to the frame 1. The frame 1 is provided with a guide shaft 12, and the first mounting block 31 is provided with a bearing 38 movably connected to the guide shaft 12 to allow the first mounting block 31 to move vertically. The guide shaft 12 is vertically oriented; the bearing 38 is specifically a linear bearing. Projected vertically, the guide shaft 12 is located on the outer periphery of the first cavity 33. The bearings 38 and guide shaft 12 are arranged in groups, and multiple groups are provided. In this technical solution, four groups are provided, each located at the edge corner of the first mounting block 31. Under the force applied by the load application system 2, the first mounting block 31 moves vertically within the directions defined by the guide shaft 12 and the bearing 38. The first mounting block 31 of the pumping device 2 is sleeved on the guide shaft 12 via a linear bearing. The cooperation between the guide shaft 12 and the linear bearing ensures that the pumping device 3 can only move along a strictly vertical trajectory, completely eliminating the possibility of lateral tilting or twisting. This ensures that the contact pressure between the bottom tire tread test block and the road test piece is uniform and consistent, which is a fundamental prerequisite for the accuracy of experimental data. At the same time, the frame effectively isolates external vibration interference.

[0030] A top plate 11 is provided above the frame 1. The load application system 2 includes a force application component 21 fixedly connected to the lower end face of the top plate 11, a force sensor 22 connected to the force application end of the force application component 21 and capable of vertical movement, and a contact pressure head 23 disposed on the side of the force sensor 22 away from the force application component. The contact pressure head 23 provides a contact surface that contacts the first mounting block 31, thereby dispersing pressure. The side of the contact pressure head 23 away from the force sensor 22 abuts against the upper end face of the first mounting block 31. In this technical solution, the force application component 21 is specifically a servo electric cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the top plate 11, and the force application end of the servo electric cylinder is connected to the force sensor 22. The contact pressure head 23 is connected to the side of the force sensor 22 away from the force application component 21. The top plate 11 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide shaft 12. The force application end of the force application component 21, the force sensor 22, and the contact pressure head 23 are all arranged on the same straight line and are vertically arranged. Specifically, the servo electric cylinder is fixed to the center of the top plate 11 by its own flange inverted position. Its push rod end is threaded to a high-precision force sensor, and a contact head 23 is installed at the lower end of the force sensor. This contact head 23 contacts the upper surface of the first mounting block 31 of the pumping device 3 by pressing, rather than rigidly fixing. The static load range provided by the servo electric cylinder is 200 N - 2000 N; the load application system 2 transmits force to the first mounting block 31 through contact, thus achieving complete decoupling of the static load and dynamic pumping. The force application component 21, through feedback from the force sensor 22, can accurately apply and maintain a constant static load to simulate vehicle weight. The reciprocating vibration generated by the linear servo motor is effectively isolated by the pressing connection to the first mounting block 31, preventing interference with the readings of the force sensor 22, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the load control system. The tire pump suction noise simulation device also includes a measurement system; The measurement system includes one or more of a PIV laser 41, a camera 42, and a microphone 43. The measurement system described in this technical solution includes a PIV laser 41, a camera 42, and a microphone 43. The multimodal measurement system (PIV + microphone array) can synchronously and in-situ capture transient flow field structure and acoustic field information during the pumping process, directly establishing the causal relationship between fluid dynamics events and acoustic events. Synchronous control ensures that all data are strictly aligned in time. The PIV laser emits sheet light to illuminate the tracer particles, and the high-speed camera continuously captures particle images. After subsequent cross-correlation calculations, the transient velocity field and vorticity field can be obtained. The microphone array synchronously records sound and generates a sound source cloud map through a beamforming algorithm, visually displaying the main noise emission location.

[0031] The PIV laser 41, camera 42, and microphone 43 are arranged in multiple ring arrays around the outer periphery of the frame 1, with the midpoint of the first cavity 33 as the center. Specifically, the camera 42 is a high-speed camera. In this technical solution, there are two PIV lasers 41 and two high-speed cameras, spaced 180 degrees apart. There are 44 microphones 43, and the positions of the high-speed cameras, PIV lasers 41, and microphones 43 do not interfere with or overlap with each other.

[0032] A base 13 is provided below the frame 1, and a road test specimen 5 is connected above the base 13. The side of the road test specimen 5 away from the base is attached to a test block 37. The road test specimen 5 is specifically a road rut slab specimen. The base 13 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide shaft 12, and the two ends of the guide shaft 12 are fixedly connected to the base 13 and the top plate 11, respectively. In vertical projection, the projection surface of the road test specimen 5 falls into the projection surface of the base 13. The frame 1 includes a rigid frame consisting of a top plate 11, a base 13, and four guide shafts 12 connected by threads or flanges. The first mounting block 31 of the pump suction generating system 3 is sleeved on the guide shafts 12 by a linear bearing. This structure provides the entire device with extremely high static stiffness and stability, and can reliably withstand the huge static load applied by the servo electric cylinder. The cooperation between the guide shaft 12 and the linear bearing ensures that the pumping system 3 can only move along a strictly vertical trajectory, completely eliminating the possibility of lateral tilting or torsion. This guarantees that the contact pressure between the bottom tire tread test block and the road test piece is uniform and consistent, which is a fundamental prerequisite for the accuracy of experimental data. At the same time, the frame effectively isolates external vibration interference.

[0033] A mounting groove 131 is provided on the side of the base 13 near the first cavity 33, and the road test specimen 5 is fitted into the mounting groove 131. Road rutting slab specimens, such as SMA and OGFC asphalt rutting slabs, are placed on the mounting groove 131 of the base. Different tire tread pattern test blocks can be pre-attached to the bottom of a spare transparent cavity, i.e., the end of the first cavity 33 away from the first mounting block 31. This enables rapid and accurate variable replacement. Researchers find switching between different road surfaces or different tire tread patterns simple, greatly improving experimental efficiency and research flexibility, making it suitable for systematic parametric research. When projected vertically, the projection surface of the specimen falls into the projection surface of the road test specimen 5.

[0034] The first cavity 33 is a transparent cavity. The transparent cavity provides an observation window for the PIV laser.

[0035] This technical solution provides an experimental device with low background noise, precise variable control, and simultaneous high-precision measurement of flow field and sound field, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the closest existing technology.

[0036] The pumping effect is simulated by a reciprocating piston, in which the piston head reciprocates in the first chamber to realize the reciprocating piston action. Combined with the "static-dynamic separation" design, the pumping system is loaded by the load application system in the form of contact with the first mounting block, which separates it from the reciprocating piston action. This non-rigid connection avoids the complexity of rotary devices and background noise interference in principle, and the variable control is precise and the data reliability is high.

[0037] Low background noise: With no high-speed rotating parts, the largest source of background noise is eliminated, making the measured sound signal almost purely derived from the pumping effect itself, resulting in a high signal-to-noise ratio.

[0038] It is perfectly compatible with PIV particle and acoustic measurements, and can clearly visualize and quantify the transient flow field structure and acoustic field characteristics at the moment of pumping noise generation in a laboratory environment, allowing for in-depth mechanistic research.

[0039] Easy to operate and highly efficient: The modular design makes it very convenient to change specimens, and the integrated control and measurement system makes the experimental process simple and fast, greatly improving scientific research efficiency.

[0040] It provides tire companies and research institutes with an indispensable high-end scientific research instrument for studying tire tread optimization and road noise reduction performance, which is of great significance for developing low-noise tires and roads and controlling traffic noise pollution.

[0041] The assembly and debugging of the device in this technical solution includes the following steps: 1. First, refer to Figures 1 to 3 Assemble the device according to the structural diagram shown: The lower ends of the four guide shafts 12 are vertically fixed to the base 13, and then the top plate 11 is fixed to the upper end of the guide shafts to form a sturdy rigid load-bearing frame.

[0042] The servo electric cylinder 21 is fixed upside down to the center hole of the top plate 11 via its mounting flange. The force sensor 22 and the contact pressure head 23 are installed sequentially at the end of its push rod, and the circuit and control system are connected.

[0043] The linear bearings 38 are pressed into the four corner holes of the upper mounting plate 31. The entire pumping module is then mounted on the guide shaft via the linear bearings.

[0044] The linear servo motor 323 is inverted and fixed to the upper mounting plate 31. The piston 321 is tightened to the end of the push rod and locked. The transparent cavity 33 is bolted tightly to the lower surface of the upper mounting plate 31 through its top flange to ensure the sealing of the mating surface.

[0045] After cleaning and polishing the selected tire tread pattern test block 37, use high-strength epoxy resin structural adhesive to smoothly adhere it to the bottom outer surface of the transparent cavity and allow it to cure.

[0046] The PIV laser 41 and high-speed camera 42 are mounted on a stable optical platform, and their positions and angles are adjusted so that the laser sheet light can accurately illuminate the expected exit flow field in the contact area between the patterned block and the road surface, and the camera can clearly focus on this area. The microphone array is placed at an appropriate distance around the device.

[0047] Connect the control and signal lines of all devices, including linear servo motors, servo electric cylinders, force sensors, PIV systems, and acoustic cameras, to the synchronous controller 6 using cables.

[0048] The preparatory work before the experiment includes the following step 2. Injecting tracer particles: Connect the outlet pipe of the tracer particle generator (atomizer) to the pressurization / filling port, i.e., injection port 36. Keep the exhaust valve 35 open. Start the particle generator and allow the oil-mist particle stream it generates to continuously inject into the chamber for approximately 30-60 seconds to fully displace the gas in the first chamber. After completion, first close the exhaust valve 35, then disconnect the particle generator.

[0049] Installation of test specimen: Place the selected road test specimen 5, such as an OGFC asphalt rutting board, on the platform of base 13.

[0050] Applying load: The control system commands the servo electric cylinder to move slowly, pushing the entire pumping module downwards along the guide shaft until the tire tread test block 37 is pressed against the road test piece 5. The force sensor provides real-time feedback of the pressure value, and when the set load is reached, the servo electric cylinder enters the force holding mode.

[0051] Conducting experiments and data collection includes the following step 3. In the synchronous controller 6, set the experimental parameters: piston motion waveform (e.g., sine wave), frequency (e.g., 15Hz, simulating a specific vehicle speed), stroke (e.g., 5mm), and data acquisition duration.

[0052] Trigger signals are sent to PIV systems 41 and 42 and microphone array 43 to initiate synchronous data acquisition.

[0053] Linear servo motor 3-2 drives piston 3-4 to move, compressing the gas in the lower part of the chamber and causing it to be ejected from the grooves of the patterned block to form a pulse jet (pump effect). Then, when the piston returns, it draws in gas (suction effect).

[0054] The PIV laser 41 emits sheet light to illuminate the tracer particles, and the high-speed camera 42 continuously captures particle images. After subsequent cross-correlation calculations, the transient velocity field and vorticity field can be obtained.

[0055] The microphone array 43 records sound synchronously and generates a sound source cloud map through a beamforming algorithm, which intuitively displays the main source location of the noise.

[0056] After the experiment, the control piston stops moving, and the servo electric cylinder is instructed to rise to unload the load.

[0057] Repeat the experiment by changing the variables, including step 4 below. To study different road surfaces, simply replace the road test piece 5 on the base. To study different patterns, raise the entire pumping module, unscrew the fixing bolts, remove the current entire cavity assembly (along with the pattern test block) from the upper mounting plate, replace it with another cavity assembly with a different pattern test block already attached, and then re-fix it.

[0058] Keeping all other parameters and settings unchanged, repeat steps 1 and 2 to conduct a comparative experiment.

[0059] Under the core inventive concept of this technical solution, namely "simulating the pumping effect through reciprocating piston motion" and "decoupling static load from dynamic drive system", there are alternative solutions for some components, and these alternatives are all within the protection scope of this application.

[0060] Example 2 This embodiment only describes the differences from the above embodiments; other technical features are the same. In this embodiment, the specific difference lies in the replacement of the drive source. For example, in Embodiment 1, the first transmission mechanism 322 using a linear servo motor is the best choice for achieving precise reciprocating motion, but it can be replaced with a servo hydraulic actuator or a combination of a high-precision stepper motor, ball screw, and guide rail. As long as the power source can achieve high-frequency, precise linear reciprocating motion of the piston, it should be considered an equivalent replacement.

[0061] Example 3 This embodiment only describes the differences from the above embodiments; other technical features are the same. Specifically, the load application method is replaced. For example, in Embodiment 1, the force application component 21 using a servo electric cylinder is an ideal solution for providing precise, programmable loads. However, it can also be replaced with the following solutions: a weight-lever loading system: A constant load is applied directly to the upper mounting plate of the pump suction module using the gravity of the weights via pulleys and cables. This is a low-cost, absolutely stable solution, especially suitable for scenarios where frequent load changes are not required. Alternatively, a pneumatic servo loading system: A pneumatic cylinder precisely controlled by a servo valve can also provide an adjustable load. Its cost falls between that of an electric cylinder and a weight system, making it suitable for situations where control precision requirements are not extremely stringent.

[0062] Example 4 This embodiment only describes the differences from the above embodiments, with other technical features being the same. In this embodiment, specifically, it is a replacement of the sealing method. The piston seal ring 322 described in Embodiment 1 can be replaced with other forms of hydraulic or pneumatic seals, such as a Struthers seal or an O-ring, as long as reliable dynamic sealing can be achieved during the high-speed reciprocating movement of the piston rod.

[0063] Embodiment 5 This embodiment only describes the differences from the above embodiments, with other technical features being the same. In this embodiment, specifically, it is a replacement of the measuring device: The microphone array 43 described in Embodiment 1 is an efficient device for sound source localization and measurement, and can be replaced with an array composed of one or more high-precision condenser microphones or an acoustic camera to obtain sound pressure level and spectrum information through scanning measurement or fixed-point measurement.

[0064] The PIV laser 41 and the camera 42 in the PIV system described in Embodiment 1 are the best means for non-contact flow field measurement. If only qualitative flow visualization rather than quantitative measurement is required, it can be replaced with a schlieren system or a simple high-speed smoke flow visualization method.

[0065] Embodiment 6 This embodiment only describes the differences from the above embodiments, with other technical features being the same. In this embodiment, referring to Figure 5 The installation method of the specimen embedded in the installation groove 131 can be replaced with: on the side of the base 13 close to the first cavity 33, three protruding edges are provided, in a "冂" shape, forming an installation frame 132 with an opening; there are two right angles and a hollow opening, and the specimen can be pushed in from the hollow part to complete the installation of the specimen and the installation frame 132.

[0066] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of concise description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0067] The above-described embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention patent should be subject to the appended claims.

[0068] The embodiments of the tire pump suction noise simulation device provided by the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tire pump suction noise simulation device, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that, The frame (1) is movably connected to the pump suction generating device (3). The pumping device (3) includes a first mounting block (31) connected to the frame (1), a first cavity (33) located below the first mounting block (31) and at one end away from the first mounting block (31) that can be connected to a test block (37), and a piston assembly (32) fixedly located below the first mounting block (31) and located in the first cavity (33) for vertical reciprocating motion.

2. The tire pump suction noise simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston assembly (32) includes a piston head (321) disposed in a first cavity (33), a sealing ring (322) coaxially sleeved on the outer surface of the piston head (321), and a first transmission mechanism (323) that causes the piston head (321) to perform vertical reciprocating motion in the first cavity (33). The end of the first transmission mechanism (323) away from the piston head (321) is connected to a first mounting block (31), and the radial surface of the sealing ring (322) is in contact with the inner surface of the first cavity (33).

3. The tire pump suction noise simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first transmission mechanism (323) includes a linear motor fixedly disposed below the first mounting block (31), and the transmission end of the linear motor is connected to the piston head (321).

4. The tire pump suction noise simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cavity (33) is provided with a first through hole (34).

5. The tire pump suction noise simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cavity (33) is provided with an injection port (36), wherein the injection port (36) is provided with an exhaust valve (35).

6. The tire pump suction noise simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first mounting block (31) is movably connected to the frame (1); the tire pump suction noise simulation device also includes a load application system (2) that can apply pressure to the pump suction generating device (3) in the vertical direction. The output end of the load application system (2) abuts against the upper end face of the first mounting block (31), wherein the force application direction of the load application system (2) is on the same straight line as the vertical reciprocating motion direction of the pump suction generating device (3).

7. The tire pump suction noise simulation device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The first mounting block (31) is movably connected to the frame (1); the frame (1) is provided with a guide shaft (12), and the first mounting block (31) is provided with a bearing (38) movably connected to the guide shaft (12) so that the first mounting block (31) can move vertically.

8. The tire pump suction noise simulation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with a top plate (11). The load application system (2) includes a force application component (21) fixedly connected to the lower end face of the top plate (11), a force sensor (22) connected to the force application end of the force application component (21) and capable of vertical movement, and a contact pressure head (23) disposed on the side of the force sensor (22) away from the force application component. The side of the contact pressure head (23) away from the force sensor (22) abuts against the upper end face of the first mounting block (31).

9. The tire pump suction noise simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tire pump suction noise simulation device also includes a measurement system; The measurement system includes one or more of a PIV laser (41), a camera (42), and a microphone (43).

10. The tire pump suction noise simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A base (13) is provided below the frame (1), and a road test piece (5) is connected above the base (13). The test block (37) is attached to the side of the road test piece (5) away from the base.

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