Riverbed sand sample collection method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bed sand sample collection, and discloses a riverbed sand sample collection method, which comprises the following steps: connecting a rope with a connector, lifting the rope to keep a sand excavation cylinder in a longitudinal arrangement state, enabling the sand excavation cylinder to fall into a water body from top to bottom, and enabling the water body to enter a sand excavation cavity through a water permeable hole until the whole sand excavation cylinder is submerged into the water body; the sand excavation cavity is filled with water; the sand excavation barrel continues to be put down in the water body until the bottom plate abuts against the riverbed, then the rope is put down by a set length so that the sand excavation barrel can fall down to be in a horizontal shape, and the two balance weight levers can automatically rotate and be adjusted so that the two balance weight levers can abut against the riverbed; after the sand excavation barrel is kept standing in a horizontal state for a set time, the rope is pulled to drive the sand excavation barrel to move, the sand excavation opening is downwards and obliquely inserted under the balance weight effect of the balance weight rod, and sand on a riverbed enters the sand excavation cavity through the sand excavation opening; after the sand excavation cylinder is pulled by the rope to move by a set distance, the rope is lifted to lift the sand excavation cylinder out of the water body, and sand sample collection is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention patent relates to the technical field of bed sand sample collection, and more specifically, to a method for collecting riverbed sand samples. Background Technology

[0002] Riverbed sand is an important component of river sediments, and its physical and chemical properties are of great significance for river ecology, hydraulic engineering design, geological exploration, and mineral resource assessment. Therefore, accurate and efficient collection of riverbed sand samples has become an indispensable part of scientific research and engineering practice.

[0003] In existing technologies, riverbed sand sampling primarily relies on manual or mechanized methods. Manual sampling typically involves divers descending directly to the riverbed to collect samples, or using tools such as long poles and shovels to operate from the bank or from boats. While this provides relatively direct samples, it suffers from low efficiency, high safety risks, and limited sampling depth. Mechanized sampling methods mainly involve the use of heavy equipment such as dredgers and sand pumps. These methods offer high sampling efficiency but are often costly and unsuitable for small rivers or shallow water areas. Furthermore, mechanized sampling can cause significant disturbance to the riverbed, affecting the representativeness and accuracy of the samples. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for collecting riverbed sand samples, which aims to solve the problem of complex operation in the prior art for collecting riverbed sand samples.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: a method for collecting riverbed sand samples provides a cylindrical sand collection cylinder, which has a sand collection cavity extending through the front end of the sand collection cylinder to form a sand collection opening; the front part of the sand collection cylinder forms a front section, which has a front cavity; the rear part of the sand collection cylinder forms a rear section, which has a rear cavity; the front cavity and the rear cavity communicate to form the sand collection cavity; and the sand collection opening is formed at the end of the front section. The front section has a rotatable connecting ring on its outer periphery, which is arranged around the circumference of the front section and has a rotatable connector on it; the front section also has a rotatable counterweight ring on its outer periphery, with both sides of the counterweight ring extending outward to form strip-shaped counterweight rods; the connecting ring is arranged between the sand extraction port and the counterweight ring; the rear end of the rear section has a bottom plate arranged opposite to the sand extraction port, and a permeable hole for water to pass through is formed in the middle of the bottom plate. Connect the rope to the connector, pull the rope to keep the sand-collecting cylinder in a longitudinal position, and then lower the sand-collecting cylinder into the water from top to bottom. The water enters the sand-collecting chamber through the water-permeable hole until the entire sand-collecting cylinder is submerged in the water and the sand-collecting chamber is filled with water. The sand dredging cylinder is lowered into the water until the bottom plate touches the riverbed. Then the rope is lowered to a set length so that the sand dredging cylinder falls down and lies flat. The two counterweight rods are automatically rotated and adjusted so that the two counterweight rods touch the riverbed. After the sand sluice is kept in a horizontal position and left still for a set time, the rope is pulled to move the sand sluice. The sand sluice is inserted into the riverbed with the sand sluice facing downwards. The sand on the riverbed enters the sand sluice chamber through the sand sluice. After the sand sampling cylinder is moved a set distance by the rope, the lifting rope will pull the sand sampling cylinder out of the water body, completing the sand sample collection.

[0006] Optionally, after the sand dredging cylinder is laid flat on the riverbed, the rope is pulled to rotate the sand dredging cylinder in place for a set number of revolutions, and then the sand dredging cylinder is kept in a flat position for a set time.

[0007] Optionally, after the sand dredging cylinder is kept in a horizontal, static position for a set time, the rope is pulled intermittently multiple times to move the sand dredging cylinder until the tension of the rope moving the sand dredging cylinder is greater than the set tension. Then, the rope is pulled continuously to keep the sand dredging cylinder moving continuously.

[0008] Optionally, the sand extraction port is arranged at an outward angle to form an outer expansion ring. When the rope pulls the sand extraction cylinder to move on the riverbed, the outer expansion ring first inserts into the sand in the riverbed and guides the sand extraction port to insert into the sand in the riverbed.

[0009] Optionally, the end of the front section is arranged to be inclined outward to form an inclined ring, the inclined ring surrounds the sand extraction port, and the outer expansion ring is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the inclined ring; during the process of the outer expansion ring being inserted into the sand in the riverbed, when the direction of the rope pulling the sand extraction cylinder changes, the outer expansion ring rotates relative to the inclined ring. An inner expanding ring extends outward from the outer periphery of the inclined ring, and the inner expanding ring is arranged around the outer expanding ring circumferentially. The inner end of the inner expanding ring is connected to the inner end of the outer expanding ring as a whole, and the outer end of the inner expanding ring is inclined away from the outer end of the outer expanding ring. The inner expanding ring and the outer expanding ring enclose an annular screening area. The inner expanding ring is provided with multiple screening holes. The screening area is connected to the front cavity through the screening holes. The sand entering the screening area enters the front cavity through the screening holes.

[0010] Optionally, the middle part of the bottom plate extends recessed towards the sand extraction chamber to form a conical wall, which encloses an outer concave cavity with a bottom opening; the top of the conical wall forms an inner convex position located in the sand extraction chamber, and the water permeable hole is formed on the inner convex position; the conical wall passes through the rear cavity and extends to the middle of the front cavity; During the process of lowering the sand-collecting cylinder into the water body, the water first fills the outer concave cavity and then enters the sand-collecting cavity through the water-permeable hole.

[0011] Optionally, the inner protrusion is a flat plate-shaped inner protrusion plate, and the inner protrusion plate is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes, which are arranged in a spaced-around pattern.

[0012] Optionally, the front section is cylindrical, the sand extraction port is formed at the front end of the front section, the front end of the rear section is connected to the rear end of the front section, and the diameter of the rear section gradually increases along the front-to-back direction, forming a frustum shape; the bottom opening of the outer concave cavity is covered with a mesh layer, and the mesh layer is covered with multiple mesh holes.

[0013] Optionally, the counterweight ring has connecting shafts extending outward on both sides, the inner end of the counterweight rod has a shaft hole, the connecting shaft is rotatably inserted into the shaft hole, the outer end of the counterweight rod extends outward away from the counterweight ring, and the counterweight rod is arranged in a flat shape.

[0014] Optionally, the counterweight rod has multiple through holes, which extend through the counterweight rod along its thickness direction and are spaced apart along its length direction.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the riverbed sand sample collection method provided by this invention allows the sand collection cylinder to tilt and lie flat under the weight of the counterweight rod, with the counterweight rod resting against the riverbed. Then, during the pulling of the sand collection cylinder, the counterweight rod moves along the riverbed. Due to the counterweight rod and the resistance of the riverbed, the sand collection port is inserted into the riverbed, allowing sand along the way to enter the sand collection chamber through the port. Furthermore, by setting permeable holes, during the immersion of the longitudinally positioned sand collection cylinder in the water, water quickly enters the sand collection chamber through the permeable holes at the bottom, thereby balancing the pressure inside and outside the sand collection cylinder and helping the sand collection cylinder to sink stably in the water. At the same time, water floating above the sand in the sand collection chamber can be quickly discharged through the permeable holes. This method is simple to operate, achieves rapid collection, and has wide applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a side view of the sand extraction cylinder provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the counterweight ring and counterweight strip provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view schematic diagram of the process of the rope driving the sand dredging cylinder to move, provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sand extraction cylinder provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection between the inclined ring, the outer expansion ring, and the inner expansion ring provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0018] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0019] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] Reference Figure 1-5 The image shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] The present invention provides a method for collecting riverbed sand samples, which includes a cylindrical sand collection cylinder 100, a sand collection chamber 101 in which the sand collection chamber 101 penetrates the front end of the sand collection cylinder 100 to form a sand collection opening; the front part of the sand collection cylinder 100 forms a front section with a front cavity, the rear part of the sand collection cylinder 100 forms a rear section with a rear cavity, the front cavity and the rear cavity are connected to form the sand collection chamber 101, and the sand collection opening is formed at the end of the front section; The front section has a rotatable connecting ring 200 on its outer periphery, which is arranged around the circumference of the front section. The connecting ring 200 has a rotatable connector 210. The front section also has a rotatable counterweight ring 300 on its outer periphery. The two sides of the counterweight ring 300 extend outward to form a strip-shaped counterweight rod 310. The connecting ring 200 is arranged between the sand extraction port and the counterweight ring 300. The rear end of the rear section has a bottom plate arranged opposite to the sand extraction port. A water-permeable hole for water to pass through is formed in the middle of the bottom plate. Connect the rope 400 to the connector 210, pull the rope 400 to keep the sand extraction cylinder 100 in a longitudinal position, and then lower the sand extraction cylinder 100 into the water from top to bottom. The water enters the sand extraction chamber 101 through the water permeable hole until the entire sand extraction cylinder 100 is submerged in the water and the water fills the sand extraction chamber 101. Continue lowering the sand dredging cylinder 100 into the water until the bottom plate touches the riverbed. Then lower the rope 400 to a set length so that the sand dredging cylinder 100 falls down and lies flat. The two counterweight rods 310 automatically rotate and adjust so that the two counterweight rods 310 touch the riverbed. After the sand dredging cylinder 100 is kept in a horizontal position and left still for a set time, the rope 400 is pulled to move the sand dredging cylinder 100. The sand dredging port is tilted downwards and inserted into the riverbed. The sand on the riverbed enters the sand dredging chamber 101 through the sand dredging port. After the sand sampling cylinder 100 is pulled a set distance by the rope 400, the lifting rope 400 will lift the sand sampling cylinder 100 out of the water body, completing the sand sample collection.

[0022] The above-described method for collecting riverbed sand samples involves the counterweight rod 310 tilting the sand collection cylinder 100 into a horizontal position under its own weight, with the counterweight rod 310 abutting against the riverbed. Then, as the sand collection cylinder 100 is pulled, the counterweight rod 310 moves along the riverbed. Due to the counterweight rod 310 and the resistance of the riverbed, the sand collection port is inserted into the riverbed, allowing sand along the way to enter the sand collection chamber 101 through the sand collection port, achieving rapid collection. This method is widely applicable and has a simple overall structure. Furthermore, by setting permeable holes, water rapidly enters the sand collection chamber 101 through the permeable holes during the immersion of the longitudinally positioned sand collection cylinder 100 in the water, thereby balancing the pressure inside and outside the sand collection cylinder 100. This helps the sand collection cylinder 100 sink stably in the water, while water floating above the sand in the sand collection chamber 101 can be quickly discharged through the permeable holes.

[0023] Once the sand dredging cylinder 100 is lying flat on the riverbed, the rope 400 is pulled to rotate the sand dredging cylinder 100 in place a set number of times, and then the sand dredging cylinder 100 is kept lying flat for a set time. In this way, the connector 210 is rotated along the connecting ring 200 to the top position of the lying sand dredging cylinder 100, and the rope 400 is ensured to extend towards the front end of the sand dredging opening.

[0024] After the sand dredging cylinder 100 has been held in a horizontal, stationary position for a set time, the rope 400 is pulled intermittently several times to move the sand dredging cylinder 100 until the tension of the rope 400 in moving the sand dredging cylinder 100 exceeds the set tension. Then, the rope 400 is pulled continuously to keep the sand dredging cylinder 100 moving continuously. This ensures that the sand dredging opening is inserted into the riverbed and then moves forward.

[0025] The sand extraction port is arranged at an outward tilt, forming an annular expansion ring 120. When the rope 400 pulls the sand extraction cylinder 100 to move on the riverbed, the expansion ring 120 first inserts into the sand in the riverbed, guiding the sand extraction port into the sand. Thus, using the gravity of the counterweight rod 310, when the sand extraction cylinder 100 is in a horizontal position, the expansion ring 120 is initially inserted into the riverbed. The design of the expansion ring 120 allows for better insertion into the riverbed. Then, along the insertion direction of the expansion ring 120, the sand extraction port is inserted into the riverbed.

[0026] Specifically, the front section is arranged at an outward angle to form an inclined ring 110, which surrounds and forms the sand extraction port. An outer expansion ring 120 is rotatably fitted around the outer circumference of the inclined ring 110. During the process of the outer expansion ring 120 being inserted into the sand in the riverbed, when the direction of the sand extraction cylinder 100 is changed by the rope 400, the outer expansion ring 120 rotates relative to the inclined ring 110, allowing the sand extraction cylinder 100 to move smoothly.

[0027] An inner expanding ring 400 extends outward from the outer periphery of the inclined ring 110, and the inner expanding ring 400 is arranged around the outer expanding ring in the circumference. The inner end of the inner expanding ring 400 is connected to the inner end of the outer expanding ring 120 as a whole, and the outer end of the inner expanding ring 400 is offset from the outer end of the outer expanding ring 120 and arranged at an angle. The inner expanding ring 400 and the outer expanding ring 120 enclose an annular screening area 401. The inner expanding ring 400 is provided with a plurality of screening holes 402, and the screening area 401 is connected to the front cavity through the screening holes 402.

[0028] In this way, when the sand enters the front cavity, if some lumpy impurities are mixed in with the sand, the inner expansion ring 400 can block the impurities from entering the front cavity, while the sand entering the hourglass area 401 can pass through the screen hole 402 into the front cavity, so that the sand entering the front cavity can be screened.

[0029] The bottom plate extends inward toward the sand extraction chamber 101 to form a conical wall, which encloses an outer concave cavity 102 with a bottom opening. The top of the conical wall forms an inner convex position in the sand extraction chamber 101, and a water permeable hole is formed on the inner convex position. The conical wall passes through the rear cavity and extends to the middle of the front cavity. During the process of lowering the sand sluice 100 into the water body, the water first fills the outer concave cavity 102, and then enters the sand sluice chamber 101 through the water permeable hole. This prevents the sand in the sand sluice chamber 101 from leaking out through the water permeable hole. At the same time, after the sand sluice 100 is removed from the water body, the water floating on the sand can flow out quickly.

[0030] Specifically, the inner protrusion is a flat plate-shaped inner protrusion plate 1000, which has multiple water-permeable holes arranged in a spaced-around pattern.

[0031] The front section is cylindrical, with the sand extraction port formed at its front end. The front end of the rear section connects to the rear end of the front section. Along the rear section from front to back, the diameter gradually increases, forming a frustum shape. The bottom opening of the outer concave cavity 102 is covered with a mesh layer 130, which contains multiple mesh openings. This increases the space and the diameter of the rear section of the sand extraction cylinder 100, making the overall shape larger at the rear and smaller at the front. This ensures that the axis of the sand extraction cylinder 100 is tilted when the counterweight rod 310 abuts against the riverbed. The mesh layer 130 design enhances the strength of the outer concave cavity 102 and prevents large foreign objects from being located within it.

[0032] The counterweight ring 300 has connecting shafts 301 extending outwards on both sides. The inner end of the counterweight rod 310 has a shaft hole, into which the connecting shaft 301 is rotatably inserted. The outer end of the counterweight rod 310 extends outwards away from the counterweight ring 300 and is arranged in a flat shape. Thus, through the design of the connecting shaft 301 and the shaft hole, the counterweight rod 310 can be quickly installed on the counterweight ring 300, and the counterweight rod 310 can rotate, reducing water flow resistance during lateral movement.

[0033] The counterweight rod 310 has a curved side surface. This avoids sharp edges that could restrict the sand extraction cylinder 100 from lying down.

[0034] The counterweight rod 310 has multiple through holes 311, which extend through the counterweight rod 310 along its thickness direction and are spaced apart along its length. This reduces the water flow resistance during the movement of the sand extraction cylinder 100.

[0035] In this embodiment, a pull ring 103 is provided on the outer periphery of the rear section, and a pull rope 500 is connected to the pull ring 103. In this way, by pulling the pull rope 500 to a set distance, the rear of the sand extraction cylinder 100 can be raised, and while maintaining the tension, the rope 400 can be pulled to move the sand extraction cylinder 100.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for collecting riverbed sand samples, characterized in that, A cylindrical sand-collecting cylinder is provided, wherein the sand-collecting cylinder has a sand-collecting cavity, the sand-collecting cavity extends through the front end of the sand-collecting cylinder to form a sand-collecting opening; the front part of the sand-collecting cylinder forms a front section, the front section has a front cavity, the rear part of the sand-collecting cylinder forms a rear section, the rear section has a rear cavity, the front cavity and the rear cavity communicate to form the sand-collecting cavity, and the sand-collecting opening is formed at the end of the front section; The front section has a rotatable connecting ring on its outer periphery, which is arranged around the circumference of the front section and has a rotatable connector on it; the front section also has a rotatable counterweight ring on its outer periphery, with both sides of the counterweight ring extending outward to form strip-shaped counterweight rods; the connecting ring is arranged between the sand extraction port and the counterweight ring; the rear end of the rear section has a bottom plate arranged opposite to the sand extraction port, and a permeable hole for water to pass through is formed in the middle of the bottom plate. Connect the rope to the connector, pull the rope to keep the sand-collecting cylinder in a longitudinal position, and then lower the sand-collecting cylinder into the water from top to bottom. The water enters the sand-collecting chamber through the water-permeable hole until the entire sand-collecting cylinder is submerged in the water and the sand-collecting chamber is filled with water. The sand dredging cylinder is lowered into the water until the bottom plate touches the riverbed. Then the rope is lowered to a set length so that the sand dredging cylinder falls down and lies flat. The two counterweight rods are automatically rotated and adjusted so that the two counterweight rods touch the riverbed. After the sand sluice is kept in a horizontal position and left still for a set time, the rope is pulled to move the sand sluice. The sand sluice is inserted into the riverbed with the sand sluice facing downwards. The sand on the riverbed enters the sand sluice chamber through the sand sluice. After the sand sampling cylinder is moved a set distance by the rope, the lifting rope will pull the sand sampling cylinder out of the water body, completing the sand sample collection.

2. The method for collecting riverbed sand samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Once the sand dredging cylinder is lying flat on the riverbed, the rope is pulled to rotate the sand dredging cylinder in place a set number of times, and then the sand dredging cylinder is kept lying flat and stationary for a set time.

3. The method for collecting riverbed sand samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the sand sluice is kept in a horizontal, static position for a set time, the rope is pulled intermittently multiple times to move the sand sluice until the tension of the rope moving the sand sluice is greater than the set tension. Then, the rope is pulled continuously to keep the sand sluice moving.

4. The method for collecting riverbed sand samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sand extraction port is arranged at an outward angle to form an outer expansion ring. When the rope pulls the sand extraction cylinder to move on the riverbed, the outer expansion ring first inserts into the sand in the riverbed and guides the sand extraction port to insert into the sand in the riverbed.

5. The method for collecting riverbed sand samples as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The front section is arranged at an outward angle to form an inclined ring, which surrounds the sand extraction port. The outer expansion ring is rotatably fitted around the outer periphery of the inclined ring. During the process of the outer expansion ring being inserted into the sand in the riverbed, when the direction of the rope pulling the sand extraction cylinder changes, the outer expansion ring rotates relative to the inclined ring. An inner expanding ring extends outward from the outer periphery of the inclined ring, and the inner expanding ring is arranged around the outer expanding ring circumferentially. The inner end of the inner expanding ring is connected to the inner end of the outer expanding ring as a whole, and the outer end of the inner expanding ring is inclined away from the outer end of the outer expanding ring. The inner expanding ring and the outer expanding ring enclose an annular screening area. The inner expanding ring is provided with multiple screening holes. The screening area is connected to the front cavity through the screening holes. The sand entering the screening area enters the front cavity through the screening holes.

6. The method for collecting riverbed sand samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom plate extends recessed towards the sand extraction chamber in the middle, forming a conical wall. The conical wall encloses an outer concave cavity with a bottom opening. The top of the conical wall forms an inner convex position located in the sand extraction chamber, and the water permeable hole is formed on the inner convex position. The conical wall passes through the rear cavity and extends to the middle of the front cavity; During the process of lowering the sand-collecting cylinder into the water body, the water first fills the outer concave cavity and then enters the sand-collecting cavity through the water-permeable hole.

7. The method for collecting riverbed sand samples as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The inner protrusion is a flat plate-shaped inner protrusion plate, and the inner protrusion plate is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes, which are arranged in a spaced-around pattern.

8. The method for collecting riverbed sand samples as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The front section is cylindrical, and the sand extraction port is formed at the front end of the front section. The front end of the rear section is connected to the rear end of the front section. Along the rear section from front to back, the diameter of the rear section gradually increases and is arranged in a frustum shape. The bottom opening of the outer concave cavity is covered with a mesh layer, and the mesh layer is covered with multiple mesh holes.

9. The method for collecting riverbed sand samples as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The counterweight ring has connecting shafts extending outward on both sides. The inner end of the counterweight rod has a shaft hole. The connecting shaft is rotatably inserted into the shaft hole. The outer end of the counterweight rod extends outward away from the counterweight ring and is arranged in a flat shape.

10. The method for collecting riverbed sand samples as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The counterweight rod has multiple through holes, which extend through the counterweight rod along its thickness direction and are spaced apart along its length direction.

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