Antenna array test system and method based on amplitude and phase test technology
By using an antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology, the amplitude and phase of the antenna array and power divider PCB board are calibrated, solving the antenna array consistency problem and improving the quality and consistency of electromagnetic characteristic testing.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511699285.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
AI Technical Summary
Traditional methods are insufficient to effectively determine the consistency between the antenna array PCB board and the module, resulting in prominent consistency issues in the antenna array during plane wave synthesis technology, which affects the quality of electromagnetic characteristic testing.
An antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology is used. The system consists of N antenna arrays, power divider PCBs, independent power divider PCBs, test probes, etc. It uses a servo system and stepper motors to perform stepping motion to calibrate the amplitude and phase of the antenna arrays and power divider PCBs, ensuring signal consistency.
This improved the process consistency of antenna arrays and modules, ensured the quality of ultra-wideband uniform plane waves, reduced errors caused by manufacturing processes and environmental factors, and improved the accuracy of electromagnetic characteristic testing.
Smart Images
Figure CN121522276A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to antenna and electromagnetic characteristic near-field testing technology, and in particular to an antenna array testing system and method based on amplitude and phase testing technology. Background Technology
[0002] Plane wave electromagnetic characteristic measurement is the most common testing technique in the field of microwave measurement, playing an irreplaceable role in both military and civilian electronic information fields.
[0003] Traditional plane wave measurements include near-field and far-field plane wave measurements. Due to the limitations of traditional plane wave testing methods, a new near-field electromagnetic characteristic testing method based on plane wave synthesis technology has emerged in recent years. This method, based on Huygens' principle, uses a novel mechanism and method with an ultra-wideband tightly coupled antenna array to synthesize ultra-wideband uniform plane waves. It solves the technical challenge of generating high-quality, large-size quiet zones in existing mainstream compact-field plane wave testing and near-field scanning testing techniques, achieving a generational upgrade in microwave anechoic chamber electromagnetic characteristic measurement.
[0004] The new near-field electromagnetic characteristic testing technology based on plane wave synthesis requires a large number of antenna array PCBs and modules, making the consistency of these PCBs and modules an exceptionally prominent issue. Traditional methods for assessing the consistency of antenna array PCBs and modules mainly rely on visual inspection and random checks during the manufacturing process, which suffer from issues of feasibility and poor consistency. Summary of the Invention
[0005] One objective of this invention is to provide an antenna array testing system and method based on amplitude and phase testing techniques for use in a plane wave synthesis near-field electromagnetic characteristic testing system.
[0006] The antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology of the present invention comprises: an N-element antenna array and a power divider PCB board 1, an independent power divider PCB board 2, a PCB board mounting fixture 3, a transmission device 4, a stepper motor 5, a servo system 6, test probes 7, testing instruments 8, RF cables 9, and connectors. The N-element antenna array and the power divider PCB board 1, the independent power divider PCB board 2, the PCB board mounting fixture 3, and the test probes 7 are located within an electromagnetic shielding body 10, and the inner wall of the electromagnetic shielding body 10 is provided with an RF absorbing material 11.
[0007] Test instrument 8 is used to generate radio frequency signals and send them to the independent power divider PCB board 2, and to receive ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signals from test probe 7 and determine the amplitude and phase information of the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signals. Independent power divider PCB 2 is used to connect to the RF cable and test instrument 8 and N antenna arrays and power divider PCB 1 respectively, so as to receive the RF signal generated by the test instrument 8 and distribute the RF signal to the N antenna arrays and power divider PCB 1 in equal amplitude and phase. N antenna arrays and power divider PCBs 1, wherein each antenna array and power divider PCB 1 includes: a multi-stage 1-to-M power divider 1002 and M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001; the multi-stage 1-to-M power divider 1002 of each antenna array and power divider PCB 1 is used to distribute the radio frequency signal in equal amplitude and phase to the corresponding M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 of the antenna array and power divider PCB 1, so that the M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 generate ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signals in space; The test probe 7, set at a fixed position, is used to receive the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signal generated by the M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 of a corresponding antenna array and power divider PCB board 1; the test probe 7 is connected to the test instrument 8 through the radio frequency cable 9 and sends the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signal to the test instrument 8.
[0008] Optionally, the radio frequency signal generated by the test instrument 8 is connected to the independent power divider PCB 2 via a radio frequency cable. The independent power divider PCB 2 distributes the radio frequency signal in equal amplitude and phase to N antenna arrays and the power divider PCB 1. The ultra-wideband multi-stage power divider on the N antenna arrays and the power divider PCB 1 distributes the radio frequency signal in equal amplitude and phase to M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001, and generates ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation in space. After the test probe 7 receives the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signal at a fixed position, it is connected to the test instrument 8 via a radio frequency cable 9 to obtain the amplitude and phase information of the ultra-wideband signal.
[0009] The N-chip antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 include: The second microwave connector 1004 is connected to the independent power divider PCB board 2; N PCB boards 100 are arranged at equal intervals, with a spacing of d; M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 and multi-stage 1-to-M power dividers 1002 are configured on each PCB board 100; wherein, the second microwave connector 1004 is connected to the multi-stage 1-to-M power divider 1002 on each PCB board 100, and the M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 on each PCB board 100 are connected to the multi-stage 1-to-M power divider 1002 on that PCB board 100, so as to realize equal amplitude and in-phase RF feeding of the M antenna elements.
[0010] Optionally, the second microwave connector 1004 includes a microstrip line, a stripline, or a waveguide.
[0011] Optionally, the N-piece antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 include N equally spaced PCB boards 100 with a spacing of d. Each PCB board 100 contains M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 and a multi-stage 1-to-M power divider 1002. The M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 and the multi-stage 1-to-M power divider 1002 are connected to achieve equal-amplitude and in-phase RF feeding for the M antenna elements. The antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 are fixed on the PCB board mounting fixture 3 by multiple clamping and positioning devices 1003. The antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 are RF fed by means of, but not limited to, microstrip lines, striplines, and waveguides 1004.
[0012] Optional, also includes: The PCB board mounting fixture 3 includes: a first mounting bracket for mounting the N antenna arrays and the power divider PCB board 1; and a second mounting bracket for mounting the independent power divider PCB board 2. Transmission device 4, the PCB board mounting fixture 3 is fixed on transmission device 4; A stepper motor 5 connected to the transmission device 4 and a servo system 6 connected to the stepper motor 5 are provided. The stepper motor 5 and the servo system 6 cooperate to control the stepping motion. The step size of the stepping motion is equal to the spacing d of the PCB board 100, so as to adjust the alignment position of each antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 with the test probe 7, so that the test probe 7 is located in the radiation working area of the antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 to be tested.
[0013] Optionally, it also includes: a clamp positioning device 1003, wherein each PCB board 100 is fixed on the first mounting bracket of the PCB board mounting fixture 3 by the corresponding clamp positioning device 1003.
[0014] Preferably, the independent power distribution PCB board 2 includes: The first microwave connector 202 is connected to the test instrument 8; A multi-stage 1-to-N power divider 201 is connected to the first microwave connector 202, and the multi-stage 1-to-N power divider 201 is connected to N transmission lines; There are N power divider board and antenna board connection interfaces 203. One end of each power divider board and antenna board connection interface 203 is connected to a corresponding transmission line. The length and position of each power divider board and antenna board connection interface 203 connected to the transmission line are adjustable to change the amplitude and phase of the ultra-wideband signal acquired by the test instrument 8. The other end of each power divider board and antenna board connection interface 203 is connected to a corresponding slot, and the second microwave connector 1004 is connected in each slot.
[0015] Optionally, the first microwave connector 202 includes a microstrip line, a stripline, or a waveguide.
[0016] Optionally, the independent power divider PCB board 2 includes a multi-stage 1-to-N power divider 201. The independent power divider PCB board 2 is fed by radio frequency through microstrip lines, striplines, and waveguides 202, including but not limited to microstrip lines, striplines, and waveguides. The multi-stage 1-to-N power divider 201 is connected to N antenna arrays and the power divider PCB board to achieve radio frequency equal amplitude and in-phase feeding of the N antenna arrays and the power divider PCB board. By adjusting the connector distance 203 of the transmission lines between the N antenna arrays and the power divider PCB board 1 and the independent power divider PCB board 2, the amplitude and phase of the ultra-wideband signal are corrected to make them as consistent as possible with the reference value.
[0017] Optionally, the PCB board mounting fixture 3 includes mounting brackets for the N-chip linear array and the power divider PCB board 1 and mounting brackets for the independent power divider PCB board 2. The PCB board mounting fixture 3 is fixed on the transmission device 4 and is controlled by the stepper motor 5 and the servo system 6 to perform stepping motion, and the step length of the stepping motion is equal to d.
[0018] Optionally, the test probe 7 is fixed to the radiation working area of the N-piece antenna array and the power divider PCB board 1. The test probe 7 transmits the received radio frequency signal to the test instrument 8 through the radio frequency cable 9 to obtain the amplitude and phase information of the ultra-wideband radio frequency signal.
[0019] Optionally, the N antenna arrays and the power divider PCB 1 and the independent power divider PCB 2 maintain ultra-wideband interconnection, and the connection methods include, but are not limited to, microstrip lines, striplines, and waveguides. Based on the amplitude and phase information of the ultra-wideband signal obtained from testing, the distance of the connection interface 203 of the transmission line between each antenna array and the power divider PCB 1 and the independent power divider PCB 2 is adjusted to change the amplitude and phase of the ultra-wideband signal, making it as consistent as possible with the reference values of amplitude and phase information.
[0020] According to another aspect of this application, an antenna array testing method based on amplitude and phase testing technology is also provided, employing the antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology described in any of the preceding claims, the method comprising: The servo system 6 controls the stepper motor 5 to drive the transmission device 4 to move the PCB board mounting fixture 3 by one step length d, so as to adjust the alignment position of the antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 to be tested with the test probe 7, so that the test probe 7 is located in the radiation working area of the antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 to be tested. Test instrument 8 generates radio frequency signals and sends them to independent power divider PCB board 2; Independent power divider PCB 2 receives the radio frequency signal generated by test instrument 8 and distributes the radio frequency signal with equal amplitude and phase to N antenna arrays and power divider PCB 1; The N antenna arrays and power divider PCB 1 distribute the radio frequency signal in equal amplitude and phase to the corresponding M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 of the antenna array and power divider PCB 1, so that the M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 generate ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signals in space. Test probe 7 receives ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signals generated by the M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 of the antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 currently under test, and sends ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signals to the test instrument 8. The testing instrument 8 receives the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signal from the testing probe 7 and determines the amplitude and phase information of the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signal; Based on the amplitude and phase information of the ultra-wideband signal obtained by the test instrument 8, the length and position of the corresponding power divider board and antenna board connection interface 203 between the antenna array and power divider PCB 1 and the independent power divider PCB 2 connected to the transmission line are adjusted to change the amplitude and phase of the ultra-wideband signal so that the amplitude and phase of the changed ultra-wideband signal are consistent with the reference value of the amplitude and phase information. Repeat the above operations to complete the amplitude and phase tests of the next antenna array and power divider PCB 1 and independent power divider PCB 2, and complete the adjustment and calibration.
[0021] The above-mentioned antenna array and power divider PCB board conformance compensation test method based on amplitude and phase testing technology applied to a plane wave synthesis near-field electromagnetic characteristic test system includes the following steps: The radio frequency (RF) signal generated by the test instrument 8 is connected to the independent power divider PCB board 2 via the RF cable 9. The independent power divider PCB board 2 distributes the RF signal with equal amplitude and phase to N antenna arrays and the power divider PCB board 1. The ultra-wideband multi-stage power divider on the N antenna arrays and the power divider PCB board 1 distributes the RF signal with equal amplitude and phase to M ultra-wideband antenna elements, generating ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation in space. After the test probe 7 receives the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signal at a fixed position, it is connected to the test instrument 8 via the RF cable 9 to obtain the amplitude and phase information of the ultra-wideband signal. Based on the amplitude and phase information of the ultra-wideband signal, the distance between the antenna arrays and the power divider PCB board and the independent power divider PCB board transmission line connectors is adjusted to correct the amplitude and phase of the ultra-wideband signal, making it as consistent as possible with the reference value. The servo system controls the PCB board mounting fixture to perform stepping motion through a stepper motor, repeating the above operation to complete the amplitude and phase test of another antenna array and the power divider PCB board, and complete the calibration.
[0022] This invention, based on amplitude and phase measurements of ultra-wideband signals, calibrates the connection positions of the connection interfaces 203 between the antenna array and the power divider PCB 1 and the independent power divider PCB 2, connecting the power divider board and the antenna board. This application can reduce amplitude and phase errors caused by factors such as PCB manufacturing and installation processes, thereby improving the quality of ultra-wideband uniform plane waves. This patent can be applied to near-field testing systems for plane wave electromagnetic characteristics and PCB conformance inspection.
[0023] Compared with the prior art, the significant technical effects of this invention are as follows: 1. By measuring the amplitude and phase values of the antenna array, power divider PCB board, and independent power divider PCB board, the amplitude and phase errors of the antenna array, power divider PCB board, and independent power divider PCB board are calibrated, and amplitude and phase compensation is performed to ensure the quiet zone quality formed by the plane wave synthesis method; 2. Based on the amplitude and phase test values of the modular antenna array, the amplitude and phase errors of the antenna module are calibrated to ensure the quiet zone quality of the ultra-wideband uniform plane wave; 3. By measuring the amplitude and phase values of the PCB board and module, the tolerances of the PCB board and module caused by factors such as manufacturing process and testing environment are reduced, and the consistency of the PCB board and module is improved. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology according to the present invention.
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna array and power divider PCB board structure described in this invention.
[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the independent power distribution PCB board structure described in this invention.
[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the test module composed of an N-chip antenna array and a power divider PCB board of the present invention; The components include: 1 - N antenna arrays and power divider PCBs; 2 - Independent power divider PCBs; 3 - PCB mounting fixtures; 4 - Transmission device; 5 - Stepper motor; 6 - Servo system; 7 - Test probes; 8 - Test instruments; 9 - RF cables; 10 - Electromagnetic shielding; 11 - Absorbing material; 100 - PCBs; 1001 - M ultra-wideband antenna elements; 1002 - Multi-stage 1-to-M power dividers; 1003 - Multiple fixture positioning devices; 1004 - Second microwave connector; 202 - First microwave connector; 201 - Multi-stage 1-to-N power dividers; 203 - Connection interface between power divider board and antenna board. Detailed Implementation
[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0029] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0030] See Figure 1 This invention discloses a structural diagram of an antenna array and power divider PCB board consistency compensation structure, testing method, tooling, and system applied to a plane wave synthesized electromagnetic testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology. It comprises: an N-piece antenna array and power divider PCB board 1, an independent power divider PCB board 2, a PCB board mounting fixture 3, a transmission device 4, a stepper motor 5, a servo system 6, a test probe 7, a testing instrument 8, an RF cable 9, and N power divider board and antenna board connection interfaces 203. The RF signal generated by the testing instrument 8 is connected to the independent power divider PCB board 2 via the RF cable 9. The independent power divider PCB board 2 distributes the RF signal with equal amplitude and phase to the N-piece antenna array and power divider PCB board 1. The multi-stage 1-to-M power divider 1002 on the N-piece antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 distributes the RF signal with equal amplitude and phase to M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001, generating ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation in space. After receiving the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signal at a fixed position, the test probe 7 is connected to the testing instrument via the RF cable 9 to obtain the amplitude and phase information of the ultra-wideband signal. Based on the amplitude and phase information of the ultra-wideband signal, the distance between the transmission line connectors of the N antenna arrays and power divider PCB 1 and the independent power divider PCB 2 is adjusted to correct the amplitude and phase of the ultra-wideband signal, making them as consistent as possible with the reference value. The servo system 6 controls the PCB mounting fixture 3 to perform stepping motion via the stepper motor 5, repeating the above operation to complete the amplitude and phase test of another antenna array and power divider PCB, and complete the calibration.
[0031] See Figure 2This embodiment provides a schematic diagram of an antenna array and a power divider PCB board structure. The antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 includes N PCB boards 100 arranged at equal intervals with a spacing of d. Each PCB board 100 contains M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 and a multi-stage 1-to-M power divider 1002. The M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 and the multi-stage 1-to-M power divider 1002 are connected to achieve equal-amplitude and in-phase RF feeding for the M antenna elements. The antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 are fixed on the PCB board mounting fixture 3 by multiple clamping positioning devices 1003. The antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 are RF fed through a second microwave connector 1004, including but not limited to microstrip lines, striplines, and waveguides.
[0032] See Figure 3 This embodiment provides a schematic diagram of an independent power divider PCB board structure. The independent power divider PCB board 2 includes a multi-stage 1-to-N power divider 201, a first microwave connector 202, and a power divider board and antenna board connection interface 203. The first microwave connector 202 is connected via, but is not limited to, microstrip lines, striplines, and waveguides. The multi-stage 1-to-N power divider 201 is connected to N antenna arrays and the power divider PCB board to achieve RF equal amplitude and in-phase feeding of the N antenna arrays and the power divider PCB board 1. Through the power divider board and antenna board connection interface 203 of the transmission lines between the N adjustable antenna arrays and the power divider PCB board 1 and the independent power divider PCB board 2, the amplitude and phase of the ultra-wideband signal are corrected to be as consistent as possible with the reference value.
[0033] See Figure 4 This embodiment provides a schematic diagram of a test module composed of an N-chip antenna array and a power divider PCB board. The N-chip antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 include N PCB boards 100 arranged at equal intervals with a spacing of d. Each PCB board 100 contains M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 and a multi-stage 1-to-M power divider 1002. The M ultra-wideband antenna elements 1001 and the multi-stage 1-to-M power divider 1002 are connected to achieve equal-amplitude and in-phase RF feeding for the M antenna elements. The antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 are fixed on the PCB board mounting fixture 3 by multiple clamping positioning devices 1003. The antenna array and power divider PCB board 1 are RF fed through a second microwave connector 1004, including but not limited to microstrip lines, striplines, and waveguides.
[0034] This invention, based on amplitude and phase measurements of ultra-wideband signals, calibrates the connection positions of the power divider board and antenna board interfaces between the antenna array and power divider PCB 1 and independent power divider PCB 2. This application can reduce amplitude and phase errors caused by factors such as PCB manufacturing and installation processes, thereby improving the quality of ultra-wideband uniform plane waves. This application can be applied to near-field testing systems for plane wave electromagnetic characteristics and PCB conformance inspection.
[0035] This invention is of great significance for improving the synthesis of high-quality, large-size quiet zones, maintaining the process consistency of antenna arrays and modules, and achieving appropriate amplitude and phase adjustment capabilities in plane wave synthesis.
Claims
1. An antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology, characterized in that, include: The test instrument (8) is used to generate radio frequency signals and send them to the independent power divider PCB board (2), and to receive ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signals from the test probe (7) and determine the amplitude and phase information of the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signals. Independent power divider PCB (2) is used to connect to the RF cable and test instrument (8) and N antenna array and power divider PCB (1) respectively, to receive the RF signal generated by the test instrument (8) and distribute the RF signal to the N antenna array and power divider PCB (1) in equal amplitude and phase. N antenna arrays and power divider PCBs (1), wherein each antenna array and power divider PCB (1) includes: a multi-stage 1-to-M power divider (1002) and M ultra-wideband antenna elements (1001); the multi-stage 1-to-M power divider (1002) of each antenna array and power divider PCB (1) is used to distribute the radio frequency signal in phase and equal amplitude to the corresponding M ultra-wideband antenna elements (1001) of the antenna array and power divider PCB (1) so that the M ultra-wideband antenna elements (1001) generate ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signals in space; The test probe (7) is set at a fixed position to receive the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signal generated by the M ultra-wideband antenna units (1001) of the corresponding antenna array and power divider PCB board (1); the test probe (7) is connected to the test instrument (8) through the radio frequency cable (9) and sends the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signal to the test instrument (8).
2. The antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The N-chip antenna array and power divider PCB board (1) include: The second microwave connector (1004) is connected to the independent power divider PCB board (2); N PCB boards (100) are arranged at equal intervals with a spacing of d; M ultra-wideband antenna elements (1001) and multi-stage 1-to-M power dividers (1002) are set on each PCB board (100); wherein, the second microwave connector (1004) is connected to the multi-stage 1-to-M power divider (1002) on each PCB board (100), and the M ultra-wideband antenna elements (1001) on each PCB board (100) are connected to the multi-stage 1-to-M power divider (1002) on the PCB board (100) to realize equal amplitude and in-phase RF feeding of the M antenna elements.
3. The antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second microwave connector (1004) includes: a microstrip line, a stripline, or a waveguide.
4. The antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The PCB board mounting fixture (3) includes: a first mounting bracket for mounting the N antenna arrays and the power divider PCB board (1); and a second mounting bracket for mounting the independent power divider PCB board (2). The transmission device (4) is fixed with the PCB board mounting fixture (3). A stepper motor (5) connected to the transmission device (4) and a servo system (6) connected to the stepper motor (5) are used to control the stepping motion. The step size of the stepping motion is equal to the spacing d of the PCB board (100) to adjust the alignment position of each antenna array and power divider PCB board (1) with the test probe (7) so that the test probe (7) is located in the radiation working area of the antenna array and power divider PCB board (1) to be tested.
5. The antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The fixture positioning device (1003) is used to fix each PCB board (100) on the first mounting bracket of the PCB board mounting fixture (3) by the corresponding fixture positioning device (1003).
6. The antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology according to claim 2, characterized in that, The independent power distribution PCB board (2) includes: The first microwave connector (202) is connected to the test instrument (8); A multi-stage 1-to-N power divider (201) is connected to the first microwave connector (202), and the multi-stage 1-to-N power divider (201) is connected to N transmission lines; There are N power divider board and antenna board connection interfaces (203), one end of each power divider board and antenna board connection interface (203) is connected to a corresponding transmission line; wherein, the length position of each power divider board and antenna board connection interface (203) connected to the transmission line is adjustable to change the amplitude and phase of the ultra-wideband signal acquired by the test instrument (8); the other end of each power divider board and antenna board connection interface (203) is connected to a corresponding slot, and the second microwave connector (1004) is connected in each slot.
7. The antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first microwave connector (202) includes: a microstrip line, a stripline, or a waveguide.
8. The antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The N antenna arrays and power divider PCBs (1) and independent power divider PCBs (2) maintain ultra-wideband interconnection, and the connection methods include microstrip lines, striplines or waveguides.
9. The antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Electromagnetic shield (10) and radio frequency absorbing material (11); wherein, N antenna arrays and power divider PCBs (1), independent power divider PCBs (2), PCB mounting fixtures (3), and test probes (7) are located inside the electromagnetic shield (10), and the inner wall of the electromagnetic shield (10) is provided with radio frequency absorbing material (11).
10. A method for testing antenna arrays based on amplitude and phase testing techniques, characterized in that, The antenna array testing system based on amplitude and phase testing technology as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises: The servo system (6) drives the transmission device (4) through the stepper motor (5) to move the PCB board mounting fixture (3) by one step d, so as to adjust the alignment position of the antenna array and power distribution PCB board (1) to be tested with the test probe (7), so that the test probe (7) is located in the radiation working area of the antenna array and power distribution PCB board (1) to be tested. The test instrument (8) generates radio frequency signals and sends them to the independent power divider PCB board (2); The independent power divider PCB (2) receives the radio frequency signal generated by the test instrument (8) and distributes the radio frequency signal in phase and amplitude to the N antenna arrays and the power divider PCB (1); The N-piece antenna array and power divider PCB (1) distribute the radio frequency signal in equal amplitude and phase to the corresponding M ultra-wideband antenna elements (1001) of the antenna array and power divider PCB (1), so that the M ultra-wideband antenna elements (1001) generate ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signals in space. The test probe (7) receives the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signal generated by the M ultra-wideband antenna units (1001) of the antenna array and power distribution PCB board (1) to be tested, and sends the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signal to the test instrument (8). The testing instrument (8) receives the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signal from the testing probe (7) and determines the amplitude and phase information of the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation signal; Based on the amplitude and phase information of the ultra-wideband signal obtained by the test instrument (8), adjust the length and position of the corresponding power divider board and antenna board connection interface (203) between the antenna array and power divider PCB board (1) and the independent power divider PCB board (2) on the transmission line to change the amplitude and phase of the ultra-wideband signal so that the amplitude and phase of the changed ultra-wideband signal are consistent with the reference value of the amplitude and phase information. Repeat the above steps to complete the amplitude and phase tests of the next antenna array and power divider PCB (1) and independent power divider PCB (2), and complete the adjustment and calibration.