Commutator electrical performance detection tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a commutator electrical performance detection tool, and belongs to the technical field of commutator detection devices. The die comprises a pressure-resistant upper die assembly and a pressure-resistant lower die assembly which are oppositely arranged; the pressure-resistant lower die assembly comprises a pressure-resistant core shaft penetrating through the interior of the positioning insert, and the pressure-resistant core shaft is used for jacking the commutator located in the positioning insert upwards; the pressure-resistant upper die assembly comprises a bakelite pressure-resistant die holder and a mounting plate, an ejector pin movably penetrates through the mounting plate, a probe assembly is mounted on the bakelite pressure-resistant die holder, and the ejector pin moves upwards until the top end of the ejector pin abuts against the end of the probe assembly. According to the invention, the commutator located in the positioning insert is ejected upwards through the pressure-resistant core shaft and then is detected, so that the situation that copper powder is generated by the bottom end of the commutator and the cushion block under the action of rotational friction in the detection process and remains on the cushion block, the residual copper powder causes the bottom of the commutator to conduct electricity, and detection interference exists is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of commutator testing equipment, and in particular to a commutator electrical performance testing fixture. Background Technology

[0002] The commutator is a crucial component in the production and use of electric motors. It's an essential part of the armature of both DC and AC commutator motors, responsible for commutation during motor rotation. Commonly known as a commutator, it's a component in DC and AC series motors that reverses current, allowing the motor to continue rotating. The commutator consists of conductive, insulating, and supporting / fastening parts. The roundness of the commutator's inner bore and the runout of its outer diameter affect the contact between the brushes and the commutator surface, thus impacting the motor's lifespan. Therefore, commutator inspection is necessary.

[0003] Existing inter-segment and segment-axis withstand voltage testing fixtures use a cylinder to drive the upper withstand voltage mold detection mechanism downwards. Probes on the withstand voltage mold penetrate deep into the detection positioning insert, contacting the copper surface at the top of the commutator segment hook to complete the inter-segment and segment-axis tests. During the commutator testing process, friction between the commutator and the bottom support plate during turntable rotation generates dust (containing copper powder). During inter-segment and segment-axis withstand voltage tests, the bottom of the commutator comes into contact with this dust on the insulating insert on the support plate. This copper powder can cause sparks during the withstand voltage test if there is an inter-segment or segment-axis short circuit at the bottom of the commutator. These sparks can burn the insulating insert on the bottom plate, causing the burned portion of the insulating insert to lose its insulating function, leading to subsequent inter-segment or segment-axis short circuits in the commutator and resulting in defective products during the testing process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a commutator electrical performance testing fixture, which can solve the problem in the prior art where dust residue is generated on the pad during the testing process of the commutator.

[0005] A commutator electrical performance testing fixture includes a testing machine turntable, N positioning inserts disposed on the periphery of the testing machine turntable, and a first inter-leaf testing mechanism, a second inter-leaf testing mechanism, and a leaf shaft testing mechanism distributed on the periphery of the testing machine turntable. The first inter-leaf testing mechanism, the second inter-leaf testing mechanism, and the leaf shaft testing mechanism have the same structure, each including a pressure-resistant upper mold assembly and a pressure-resistant lower mold assembly disposed opposite to each other. The pressure-resistant lower mold assembly includes a pressure-resistant mandrel penetrating inside the positioning inserts, the pressure-resistant mandrel being used to lift the commutator located inside the positioning inserts upwards. The pressure-resistant upper mold assembly includes a bakelite pressure-resistant mold base and a mounting plate, a ejector pin movably penetrating through the mounting plate, and a probe assembly mounted on the bakelite pressure-resistant mold base, the ejector pin moving upwards until its top end abuts against the end of the probe assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, a pad is connected to the bottom of the positioning insert, and the pad is fixed to the periphery of the inspection machine turntable; N is an integer greater than or equal to 3.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes an L-shaped fixed bracket installed on the test machine platform, a cylinder assembly is installed on one side of the L-shaped fixed bracket, a movable frame is connected to the end of the cylinder assembly, and the pressure-resistant mandrel is fixed on the movable frame.

[0008] Furthermore, a fixing plate is fixedly installed on one side wall of the L-shaped fixing bracket located directly above the cylinder assembly, and the bakelite pressure-resistant mold base and the mounting plate are respectively fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the fixing plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a U-shaped seat is fixedly installed on one side wall of the L-shaped fixing bracket located directly above the fixing plate. A pressure rod is provided through the U-shaped seat. A spring is connected between the upper surface of the fastening block and an inner wall surface of the U-shaped seat. The spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pressure rod. The bakelite pressure mold base and the mounting plate are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole for the pressure rod to pass through.

[0010] Furthermore, a mounting rod is fixed to one side of the L-shaped fixing bracket, and a proximity switch with its end facing the fastening block is installed at the end of the mounting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the commutator includes a bushing body, and the inner walls of both ends of the bushing body are provided with a plurality of warped locking pieces arranged in a ring; a plurality of hooks arranged in a ring are provided on one end face of the bushing body.

[0012] Furthermore, the ejector pin includes a rod-shaped ejector pin body and limiting portions disposed at both ends of the ejector pin body; the mounting plate is provided with guide holes that slide in conjunction with the ejector pin body; the ejector pin as a whole has an "I" shaped structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the number of hooks is the same as the number of ejector pins; the end of the pressure rod abuts against the warping locking plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a guide block is provided on the bottom side of the mounting plate, and a guide groove is provided on one side of the guide block to cooperate with the hook, and the hook slides along the length direction of the guide groove.

[0015] 1. This invention uses a pressure-resistant mandrel to lift the commutator located inside the positioning insert upwards for testing. This avoids the copper powder residue that would accumulate on the pad due to the rotational friction between the bottom of the commutator and the pad during the testing process. The residual copper powder would cause the bottom of the commutator to become conductive, resulting in testing interference.

[0016] 2. This invention, by setting up a first inter-segment detection mechanism and a second inter-segment detection mechanism, utilizes the detection current to break down the oxide film on the commutator surface during the first detection, and obtains the true inter-segment resistance value during the second detection. This effectively avoids misjudgment and missed detection caused by conductive dust generated by friction between the commutator and the support plate, and significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the inter-segment and segment shaft withstand voltage tests of the commutator. At the same time, the turntable structure, combined with multiple detection stations, realizes the automatic feeding, positioning, and detection of the commutator.

[0017] 3. This invention uses rigid structural components such as L-shaped fixed brackets, fixed plates, and U-shaped seats, combined with cylinder drive and spring buffer mechanism, to ensure accurate positioning and uniform force distribution of the commutator during the testing process, effectively preventing vibration and offset during the testing process, and ensuring the repeatability and consistency of the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the detection fixture provided by the present invention from a bottom-view perspective. Figure 2 This is a top-view structural diagram of the detection fixture provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the commutator structure of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Type fixed bracket, 2-Cylinder assembly, 3-Pressure-resistant spindle, 4-Padded block, 5-Positioning insert, 6-Modular frame, 7-Commutator, 70-Bushing body, 71-Hook, 72-Warping locking plate, 8-Guide block, 9-Mounting plate, 10-Ejector pin, 11-Fixing plate, 12-Proximity switch, 13-Mounting rod, 14-Probe assembly, 15-Bakelite pressure-resistant mold base, 16-Pressure rod, 17-U-shaped seat, 18-Spring, 19-Fastening block. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 2As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a commutator electrical performance testing fixture, including a testing machine turntable, five positioning inserts 5 disposed on the periphery of the testing machine turntable, and a first inter-leaf testing mechanism, a second inter-leaf testing mechanism, and a leaf shaft testing mechanism distributed on the periphery of the testing machine turntable; a pad 4 is connected to the bottom of the positioning insert 5 and the pad 4 is fixed to the periphery of the testing machine turntable; the first inter-leaf testing mechanism, the second inter-leaf testing mechanism, and the leaf shaft testing mechanism have the same structure, each including a pressure-resistant upper mold assembly and a pressure-resistant lower mold assembly disposed opposite to each other; the pressure-resistant lower mold assembly includes a pressure-resistant mandrel 3 penetrating the interior of the positioning insert 5, the pressure-resistant mandrel 3 being used to lift the commutator 7 located inside the positioning insert 5 upward; the pressure-resistant upper mold assembly includes a bakelite pressure-resistant mold base 15 and a mounting plate 9, a ejector pin 10 movably penetrating the mounting plate 9, and a probe assembly 14 mounted on the bakelite pressure-resistant mold base 15, the ejector pin 10 moving upward until its top end abuts against the end of the probe assembly 14.

[0022] The commutator 7 includes a bushing body 70, and a plurality of annularly distributed warped locking plates 72 are provided on the inner wall surfaces of both ends of the bushing body 70; a plurality of annularly distributed hooks 71 are provided on one end face of the bushing body 70; the number of hooks 71 is the same as the number of ejector pins 10; the ends of the pressure rod 16 and the pressure-resistant spindle 3 respectively abut against the warped locking plates 72 at both ends of the bushing body 70.

[0023] The positioning insert 5 is installed on the turntable of the testing machine and rotates with the turntable; the positioning insert 5 is controlled to move sequentially to the first inter-piece testing mechanism, the second inter-piece testing mechanism, and the piece shaft testing mechanism to perform the corresponding testing actions.

[0024] In this invention, the first inter-piece detection mechanism, the second inter-piece detection mechanism, and the piece axis detection mechanism have the same structure, the only difference being the wiring method of the probe assembly 14.

[0025] During testing, the feeding mechanism, consisting of a vibrating plate and a feeding channel, sends the commutator into the positioning insert 5.

[0026] Specifically, the first inter-piece testing mechanism also includes a testing machine platform. An L-shaped fixed bracket 1 is mounted on the testing machine platform. A cylinder assembly 2 is mounted on one side of the L-shaped fixed bracket 1. A movable frame 6 is connected to the end of the cylinder assembly 2, and a pressure-resistant mandrel 3 is fixed to the movable frame 6. A fixed plate 11 is fixedly mounted on one side wall of the L-shaped fixed bracket 1 directly above the cylinder assembly 2. A bakelite pressure-resistant mold base 15 and a mounting plate 9 are respectively fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the fixed plate 11. The mandrel 3 is located directly above the fixed plate 11... A U-shaped seat 17 is fixedly installed on one side wall of the L-shaped fixed bracket 1. A pressure rod 16 is installed through the U-shaped seat 17. A spring 18 is connected between the upper surface of the fastening block 19 and the inner wall of the U-shaped seat 17. The spring 18 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pressure rod 16. The bakelite pressure mold base 15 and the mounting plate 9 are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole for the pressure rod 16 to pass through. A mounting rod 13 is fixed on one side of the L-shaped fixed bracket 1. A proximity switch 12 with its end facing the fastening block 19 is installed at the end of the mounting rod 13.

[0027] When the positioning insert 5 moves with the rotating turntable of the testing machine to the first inter-piece testing mechanism, the second inter-piece testing mechanism, and the piece shaft testing mechanism, the cylinder assembly 2 extends and drives the pressure-resistant spindle 3 to lift upward. At this time, the pressure-resistant spindle 3 presses against the warped locking piece 72 at the bottom of the commutator 7 and lifts the commutator 7 upward from inside the positioning insert 5. The warped locking piece 72 at the top of the lifted commutator 7 presses against the bottom of the pressure rod 16 and drives the pressure rod 16 to move upward. The movement of the pressure rod 16 drives the fastening block 19 to move upward. When the fastening block 19 moves to the position of the proximity switch 12, the proximity switch 12 generates a signal, and the control is performed to conduct the test. After the test is completed, the control cylinder assembly 2 retracts and retracts. At this time, the commutator 7 retracts into the pressure-resistant positioning insert 5 under the action of the spring force of the pressure rod 16 and its own gravity.

[0028] While the commutator 7 pushes against the end of the pressure rod 16 and drives the pressure rod 16 to move upward, the hook 71 on the top of the commutator 7 abuts against the bottom of the ejector pin 10, and synchronously drives the ejector pin 10 to move upward until the end of the ejector pin 10 abuts against the probe assembly 14.

[0029] Specifically, a guide block 8 is provided on the bottom side of the mounting plate 9. A guide groove that cooperates with the hook 71 is provided on one side of the guide block 8. The hook 71 slides along the length of the guide groove. Through the positioning function of the guide positioning block 8, the position of the commutator copper hook and the ejector pin 10 are aligned.

[0030] The ejector pin 10 includes a rod-shaped ejector pin body and limiting parts set at both ends of the ejector pin body. The mounting plate 9 is provided with guide holes that slide with the ejector pin body. The ejector pin 10 has an overall "I" shaped structure. The detection method of directly guiding the pressure-resistant positioning insert 5 to contact the commutator 7 by contacting the ejector pin 10 with the hook 71 instead of the original probe assembly 14 is effectively prevented from the risk of missed detection caused by the probe assembly 14 and the positioning insert 5 interfering due to misalignment, resulting in the probe not actually contacting the commutator.

[0031] Working principle: The commutator 7 is fed into the positioning insert 5 fixed on the periphery of the turntable of the testing machine through the feeding mechanism such as the vibrating plate and the material channel; the turntable rotates intermittently, transporting the commutator 7 to the work positions of the first inter-plate testing mechanism, the second inter-plate testing mechanism and the plate shaft testing mechanism in sequence. When the positioning insert 5 carrying the commutator 7 rotates to the bottom of the corresponding testing station, the pressure-resistant spindle 3 moves upward under the drive of the cylinder assembly 2, passes through the inside of the positioning insert 5, and pushes the commutator 7 upward, so that the bottom of the commutator 7 is separated from the pad 4 which may contain copper powder. The upper end of the commutator 7, which is lifted up, will press against the pressure rod 16, pushing the pressure rod 16 to move upward against the force of the spring 18, and the fastening block 19 at the upper end of the pressure rod 16 will rise accordingly. When the fastening block 19 reaches the sensing position of the proximity switch 12, the proximity switch 12 sends a signal indicating that the commutator 7 has reached the preset detection position, and the system control detection circuit starts to work; at the same time, the hook 71 on the top of the commutator 7 will push the ejector pin 16 to move upward, so that the top of the ejector pin 16 can reliably contact the probe assembly 14 on the bakelite pressure mold base 15; the guide block 8 ensures that the hook 71 can slide in accurately and push the ejector pin 10, avoiding the alignment deviation and interference that may occur if the probe 10 is directly aligned with the positioning insert 5; In electrical performance testing, the detection current passes through the probe assembly 14, the pin 10, the hook 71 of the commutator 7, and the inter-segment or segment shaft of the commutator to form a circuit. By setting up a first inter-segment detection mechanism and a second inter-segment detection mechanism, the first detection can use the current to break down the oxide film on the surface of the commutator, and the second detection can obtain the true inter-segment resistance value, thus improving accuracy. Reset and unloading: After the test is completed, the cylinder assembly 2 retracts and the pressure-resistant spindle 3 descends; the commutator 7 falls back into the positioning insert 5 under the spring force of the pressure rod 16 and its own gravity; the turntable continues to rotate, moving the tested commutator out of the station for unloading, and sending the next commutator 7 to be tested into the station, and repeating the cycle.

[0032] In this invention, the pressure-resistant mandrel 3 and the pressure rod 16 apply force from the bottom and top of the commutator 7 respectively, forming a stable clamping state to ensure that the commutator 7 is fixed in position during the testing process and will not shake or shift. Since the pressure-resistant mandrel 3 lifts the commutator 7 upward, causing its bottom to detach from the pad 4 before testing, this fundamentally avoids the problem of copper powder residue generated by the friction between the commutator 7 and the pad 4 during the rotation of the turntable, which could lead to accidental conductivity at the bottom of the commutator 7, thus ensuring the authenticity of the test results. Furthermore, since the risk of short circuit at the bottom of the commutator 7 is eliminated, the insulating positioning insert 5 at the bottom will not be scorched due to sparks generated by short circuits during inter-segment or segment-axis withstand voltage tests. This ensures the long-lasting and reliable insulation performance of the testing fixture itself and avoids continuous false tests and production interruptions caused by fixture damage.

[0033] The ejector pin 10 serves as a transmission component between the probe 14 and the commutator 7, preventing the delicate and fragile probe assembly 14 from directly aligning with the moving positioning insert 5. This effectively prevents poor contact or damage to the probe assembly 14 due to misalignment, eliminating the risk of missed detection. The turntable structure enables a continuous and efficient automated testing line. Three identical but functionally different testing mechanisms sequentially perform different tests on the same commutator, comprehensively evaluating its electrical performance.

[0034] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A commutator electrical performance detection tool, characterized in that, The first sheet detection mechanism comprises a pressure-resistant upper die assembly and a pressure-resistant lower die assembly arranged oppositely; The pressure-resistant lower die assembly comprises a positioning insert (5) and a pressure-resistant mandrel (3) penetrating the interior of the positioning insert (5), the pressure-resistant mandrel (3) being used to lift a commutator (7) in the interior of the positioning insert (5) upwardly; The pressure-resistant upper die assembly comprises a bakelite pressure-resistant die seat (15) and a mounting plate (9), a thimble (10) being movably penetrated on the mounting plate (9), a probe assembly (14) being mounted on the bakelite pressure-resistant die seat (15), the thimble (10) being movably upwardly to the end thereof abutting against the end of the probe assembly (14).

2. The commutator electrical performance detection tool of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising a detection machine turntable, N positioning inserts (5) being arranged at the peripheral edge side of the detection machine turntable, and the first sheet detection mechanism, the second sheet detection mechanism and the sheet shaft detection mechanism being distributed at the peripheral side of the detection machine turntable; the first sheet detection mechanism, the second sheet detection mechanism and the sheet shaft detection mechanism are of the same structure; The bottom of the positioning insert (5) is connected with a cushion block (4), the cushion block (4) being fixed at the peripheral edge side of the detection machine turntable; N is an integer greater than or equal to 3.

3. The commutator electrical performance detection tool of claim 1 or 2, wherein, Further comprising an L-shaped fixed support (1) mounted on the table plate of the detection machine, one side of the L-shaped fixed support (1) being mounted with a cylinder assembly (2), the end of the cylinder assembly (2) being connected with a movable frame (6), the pressure-resistant mandrel (3) being fixed on the movable frame (6).

4. The commutator electrical performance detection tool of claim 3, wherein, The one side wall of the L-shaped fixed support (1) located directly above the cylinder assembly (2) is fixedly mounted with a fixed plate (11), the bakelite pressure-resistant die seat (15) and the mounting plate (9) being fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the fixed plate (11) respectively.

5. A commutator electrical performance testing fixture as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The one side wall of the L-shaped fixed support (1) located directly above the fixed plate (11) is fixedly mounted with a U-shaped seat (17), a pressure rod (16) being penetrated on the U-shaped seat (17); The upper surface of the fastening pressure block (19) and the inner wall surface of the U-shaped seat (17) are connected with a spring (18), the spring (18) being sleeved on the outer periphery of the pressure rod (16); The bakelite pressure-resistant die seat (15) and the mounting plate (9) are respectively provided with a first penetrating hole and a second penetrating hole for the pressure rod (16) to penetrate.

6. A commutator electrical performance testing fixture as claimed in claim 5, wherein, One side of the L-shaped fixed support (1) is fixedly provided with a mounting rod (13), the end of the mounting rod (13) being mounted with a proximity switch (12) with the end thereof facing the fastening pressure block (19).

7. The commutator electrical performance detection tool of claim 5, wherein, The commutator (7) comprises a bushing body (70), the inner wall surfaces of both ends of the bushing body (70) being provided with a plurality of annularly distributed warping locking pieces (72); a plurality of annularly distributed hooks (71) are arranged on the end face of one end of the bushing body (70).

8. The commutator electrical performance detection tool of claim 7, wherein, The thimble (10) comprises a rod-shaped thimble body and a limiting portion arranged at both ends of the thimble body, the mounting plate (9) being provided with a guide hole in sliding cooperation with the thimble body; the thimble (10) is of an overall "I" type structure.

9. The commutator electrical performance testing fixture of claim 7, wherein, The number of the hooks (71) is the same as the number of the thimbles (10); the end of the pressure rod (16) abuts against the warping locking piece (72).

10. The commutator electrical performance testing fixture of claim 7, wherein, The bottom side of the mounting plate (9) is provided with a guide block (8), one side of the guide block (8) is provided with a guide sliding groove matched with a hook (71), and the hook (71) slides along the length direction of the guide sliding groove.

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