Water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of irrigation equipment, in particular to a water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control method and system.The water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system comprises an inner pipe, a first irrigation pipe and a feeding mechanism; the inner loop for liquid to flow back and forth in the inner pipe is arranged in the inner pipe, the concentration of fertilizer liquid in the whole system is equal during irrigation by matching with the plugging structure, and due to the fact that all irrigation heads are synchronously opened and closed, all crops receive the same amount of fertilizer, and the problem of uneven fertilization in the prior art is solved. The liquid circularly flows in the inner pipe, so that the fertilizer is prevented from being deposited and crystallized. When the water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control method is used for irrigation, the risk that far-end crops are insufficient in fertilization and near-end crops have fertilizer damage is eliminated, fertilizer is effectively prevented from blocking an irrigation system, the service life of the water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system is prolonged, and the irrigation efficiency is improved. And the device can be suitable for complex terrains such as mountainous regions and sloping fields with high requirements on irrigation uniformity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of irrigation equipment technology, specifically to an integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Drip irrigation technology delivers water slowly and continuously to the soil under low pressure through drippers on main pipes, branch pipes, and capillary tubes. It is an irrigation system that directly supplies filtered water, fertilizer, or other chemicals to the soil. These systems typically include a feeding mechanism, delivery pipes, and irrigation heads. Water, fertilizer, or other chemicals drip slowly from the pipes and, under the influence of gravity and capillary action, enter the soil and reach the vicinity of crop roots. In small areas with short irrigation cycles and flat terrain, these systems can maintain basic operation. However, in scenarios with long irrigation paths and undulating terrain, the pressure variations are significant, and the dripper flow rate changes with the pressure, posing a risk of insufficient fertilization to distant crops while potentially causing fertilizer burn to nearby crops.

[0003] With the rapid development of the intelligent equipment manufacturing industry and the improvement of manufacturing levels of intelligent agricultural power machinery and horticultural implements, existing technologies have proposed pressure-compensating drippers that change the water flow velocity based on water pressure. For example, Chinese patent application CN114766168A discloses a pressure-compensating drip irrigation tape embedded patch dripper with a long flow channel structure. This dripper uses a silicone membrane structure, which senses water pressure to deform the silicone membrane, changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel and thus altering the dripper flow rate. This stabilizes the flow rate of each dripper per unit time to a certain extent, alleviating the problem of uneven flow caused by pipeline pressure loss and external air pressure differences, thereby improving irrigation uniformity. However, the silicone membrane in the aforementioned patent can only function within a preset pressure compensation range, and its compensation capability is limited by material properties and structural design. In drip irrigation systems in mountainous or sloping areas, where pressure variations are larger, a wider pressure compensation range is often required. Using a thicker silicone membrane to enhance its pressure resistance would increase membrane rigidity and decrease deformation sensitivity, thereby reducing the accuracy of pressure regulation and making precise control of dripper flow rate difficult. In addition, the irrigation systems described in the aforementioned patents and existing technologies have the problem of fertilizer or chemical agents depositing and crystallizing in the pipes during the irrigation process. Long-term deposited fertilizer can clog the pipes and irrigation heads, shortening the service life of the irrigation system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes an integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control method and system. This integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control system solves the problems of fertilizer deposition in pipes during irrigation, as well as inconsistent fertilizer application rates at different irrigation heads due to pipe pressure loss and irrigation sequence. When irrigating using the integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control method provided by this invention, fertilizer deposition and crystallization in the irrigation heads and pipes are effectively prevented, avoiding system blockage and extending the service life of the integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control system. It is suitable for complex terrains such as mountains and slopes where high irrigation uniformity is required.

[0005] The present invention provides a water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control method and system, which adopts the following technical solution, including: The inner pipe is laid according to the irrigation path. A baffle is set in the middle of the inner pipe. The baffle extends along the axial direction of the inner pipe and divides the inner pipe into two chambers. The length of the baffle is less than the length of the inner pipe. The end of the baffle is at a preset distance from the end of the inner pipe so that the two chambers are connected and an internal loop for the liquid to flow back and forth inside the inner pipe is formed. Multiple first irrigation pipes are provided, spaced apart along the axial direction of the inner pipe. One end of each pipe is connected to the inner pipe, and the other end is connected to an irrigation head. A sealing structure is provided between the first irrigation pipe and the irrigation head. The sealing structure has a sealing state and a connecting state. When the sealing structure is in the sealing state, it separates the first irrigation pipe and the irrigation head. When the sealing structure is in the connecting state, the first irrigation pipe and the irrigation head are connected. The irrigation head is a pressure-compensating dripper. The feeding mechanism is used to inject solute solution or water into the inner tube.

[0006] Optionally, an outer tube is fitted around the inner tube, one end of which is connected to a feeding mechanism, which injects clean water into the outer tube; the other end of the outer tube is sealed. A second irrigation pipe is fitted around the first irrigation pipe. One end of the second irrigation pipe is connected to the outer pipe, and the other end is connected to the irrigation head. A synchronization component is provided between the first irrigation pipe and the second irrigation pipe. The synchronization component is used to switch the blocking structure from the connected state to the blocking state when the pressure difference between the inner pipe and the outer pipe is greater than a preset value, and to switch the blocking structure from the blocking state to the connected state when the pressure difference between the inner pipe and the outer pipe is less than the preset value.

[0007] Optionally, the sealing structure includes a sleeve and a sliding tube; the sleeve is located inside the second irrigation pipe and is fixedly connected to the irrigation head, with one end of the sleeve near the irrigation head sealed; one end of the sliding tube extends into and communicates with the first irrigation pipe, and the other end is located in the second irrigation pipe, with the end closed; the sliding tube is slidably connected to the first irrigation pipe along its own axial direction, and the sliding tube is sealed to the first irrigation pipe; multiple spray holes are opened on the peripheral wall of the sliding tube, and the spray holes are interconnected inside and outside; When the pressure difference between the inner tube and the outer tube is greater than the preset value, the synchronization component drives the sliding tube to move towards the sleeve. When it moves a preset distance, all the nozzles are blocked by the sleeve, and the blocking structure is in a blocked state. When the pressure difference between the inner tube and the outer tube is less than the preset value, the synchronization component drives the sliding tube away from the sleeve, so that the nozzles extend out of the sleeve and connect with the second irrigation pipe, and the blocking structure is in a connected state.

[0008] Optionally, the synchronization component includes a sensing ring and a reset structure; the sensing ring is fixedly connected to the sliding tube, and the outer ring surface of the sensing ring slides and seals with the inner wall of the first irrigation tube, thereby dividing the first irrigation tube into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the upper chamber being connected to the second irrigation tube; the reset structure provides a preload force to the sliding tube away from the irrigation head.

[0009] Optionally, the reset structure is a spring, with its two ends connected to the sensing ring and the second irrigation pipe, respectively. The spring causes the sensing ring to tend to move away from the irrigation head.

[0010] Optionally, the irrigation head includes a shell and a membrane; the shell is fixedly connected to the end of the second irrigation pipe away from the outer pipe and communicates with the second irrigation pipe, and a drip nozzle is provided at the end of the shell away from the second irrigation pipe; the membrane is installed inside the shell, dividing the shell into two chambers, and a flow channel is provided on the inner wall of the shell, with the two ends of the flow channel connecting the two chambers; the membrane undergoes elastic deformation when the pressure on both sides is different.

[0011] Optionally, the nozzle is angled, with the inner end of the nozzle positioned above the outer end.

[0012] Optionally, the feeding mechanism includes a first storage tank, a second storage tank, a three-way valve, a first pump, and a second pump; the first storage tank is filled with a solute solution; the second storage tank is filled with clean water; the two inlets of the three-way valve are connected to the first storage tank and the second storage tank respectively, and the outlet is connected to the inner pipe; the first pump is used to pump the liquid from the outlet of the three-way valve into the internal circuit; the second pump is used to pump the clean water in the second storage tank into the outer pipe.

[0013] Optionally, the integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control system also includes a control center, which is communicatively connected to the first pump, the second pump, and the three-way valve, and is used to control the first pump, the second pump, and the three-way valve according to a preset program or received instructions.

[0014] This invention also provides a water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control method, which utilizes the water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system provided by this invention for irrigation, including the following steps: S1: Inject clean water into the inner tube through the feeding mechanism until the internal circuit of the inner tube is full; S2: Control all blocking structures to switch to the blocking state; S3: Inject a preset amount of solute solution into the inner tube through the feeding mechanism, and continuously supply pressure to make the solute solution and water mix in the internal circuit for a preset time; S4: Control all blocking structures to switch to the connected state and perform irrigation for a preset duration; S5: Control all blocking structures to switch to the blocking state; S6: Inject clean water into the inner tube through the feeding mechanism and maintain the pressure for a preset time to dilute the solute concentration in the internal circuit; S7: Control all blocking structures to switch to the connected state and perform irrigation for a preset duration; S8: Repeat S5-S7 a preset number of times until the solute concentration in the loop drops to a preset threshold.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control system. By installing a baffle in the inner pipe, an internal loop is formed within the inner pipe, allowing the liquid to flow back and forth. Fertilizer and clean water circulate and mix within this loop until they are evenly mixed before fertilization begins, ensuring consistent fertilizer concentration throughout the system. After fertilization, clean water is injected into the inner pipe for rinsing, and the rinsing liquid circulates in the loop. When the concentration is consistent, irrigation is repeated, and this rinsing process is repeated multiple times until the fertilizer concentration in the pipe approaches zero. During dilution and rinsing, all irrigation heads open and close synchronously. Combined with the use of pressure-compensated irrigation heads, this allows for irrigation of the same duration under conditions of consistent fertilizer concentration and irrigation speed, ensuring all crops receive an equal amount of fertilizer and effectively solving the problem of uneven fertilization in traditional irrigation systems. Furthermore, during dilution and rinsing, the liquid circulates within the inner pipe and the first irrigation pipe, effectively preventing fertilizer deposition and crystallization, avoiding blockages in the irrigation system, and extending the system's lifespan.

[0016] Furthermore, by installing an outer pipe outside the inner pipe and adjusting the sealing structure based on the pressure difference between the inner and outer pipes using a synchronization component, when irrigating mountainous or sloping terrain, the pressure loss of the inner and outer pipes at the same altitude is the same. Therefore, the pressure difference between the inner and outer pipes at different altitudes is fixed and controllable. This allows all irrigation heads at different altitudes to open and close simultaneously. Since the fertilizer concentration in the entire circuit is fixed, the amount of fertilizer dripped from all irrigation heads is equal throughout the irrigation process. This solves the problem of inconsistent fertilizer application due to differences in the height of the irrigation heads and eliminates the risk of fertilizer damage to nearby crops due to insufficient fertilization of distant crops.

[0017] Furthermore, by tilting the nozzles on the sliding tube, the fertilizer solution in the first irrigation pipe enters the second irrigation pipe and reacts with the clean water, consuming the kinetic energy of the liquid and reducing the dynamic pressure of the mixture. This reaction ensures that the liquid flow state and energy level at the inlet of each irrigation head are consistent. When using the integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation system in mountainous or sloping environments with significant pressure variations, a thinner, more flexible, and more precisely adjustable membrane can still be used for pressure compensation, ensuring that the flow rate per unit time of each dripper is consistent. This invention enables irrigation for the same amount of time under conditions of consistent fertilizer concentration and equal irrigation speed, ensuring that all crops receive an equal amount of fertilizer and solving the problem of uneven fertilization.

[0018] This invention provides an integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control method. When irrigating using this method, all crops receive an equal amount of fertilizer, effectively solving the problem of uneven fertilization in traditional irrigation systems. In addition, this invention effectively prevents fertilizer from depositing and crystallizing in the irrigation head and pipes, avoiding system blockage and extending the service life of the integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control system. It is suitable for complex terrains such as mountains and slopes where high irrigation uniformity is required. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control system according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the feeding mechanism in an integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control system of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view at point X; Figure 4 This is a top view of the irrigation head and outer pipe in an integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control system of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure cut along section AA; Figure 6 When the sealing structure is in a connected state Figure 4 Sectional view of section AA; Figure 7 When the sealing structure is in the sealing state Figure 4 Sectional view of section AA.

[0021] In the picture: 100. Inner tube; 110. Partition plate; 200. First irrigation pipe; 210. Irrigation head; 211. Shell; 212. Membrane; 220. Sealing structure; 221. Sleeve; 222. Sliding pipe; 223. Spray nozzle; 300. Feeding mechanism; 310. First storage tank; 320. Second storage tank; 330. Three-way valve; 340. First pump; 350. Second pump; 400. Outer tube; 500, Second irrigation pipe; 510, Synchronization assembly; 511, Sensing ring; 512, Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the intelligent irrigation control method and system for integrated water and fertilizer provided by the present invention includes an inner pipe 100, a first irrigation pipe 200, and a feeding mechanism 300.

[0024] The inner pipe 100 is laid according to the irrigation path. A baffle 110 is provided in the middle of the inner pipe 100. The baffle 110 extends along the axial direction of the inner pipe 100 and divides the inner pipe 100 into two chambers, which are designated as the first chamber and the second chamber, respectively. The length of the baffle 110 is less than the length of the inner pipe 100. The end of the baffle 110 is at a predetermined distance from the end of the inner pipe 100 so that the first chamber and the second chamber are connected at both ends of the inner pipe 100, forming an internal loop inside the inner pipe 100 for the liquid to flow back and forth inside the inner pipe 100. Multiple first irrigation pipes 200 are provided, spaced apart along the axial direction of the inner pipe 100. One end of each pipe is connected to the inner pipe 100, and the other end is connected to an irrigation head 210. A sealing structure 220 is provided between the first irrigation pipes 200 and the irrigation head 210. The sealing structure 220 has a sealing state and a connected state. When the sealing structure 220 is in the sealing state, it separates the first irrigation pipes 200 and the irrigation head 210. When the sealing structure 220 is in the connected state, the first irrigation pipes 200 and the irrigation head 210 are connected. The irrigation head 210 is a pressure-compensating dripper. The feeding mechanism 300 is used to inject a solute solution or water into the inner tube 100.

[0025] This invention creates an internal loop within the inner tube 100 by installing a baffle 110. The end of the inner tube 100 closest to the feeding mechanism 300 is designated as the proximal end, and the end furthest from the feeding mechanism 300 as the distal end. The invention allows fertilizer and water to flow from the proximal end to the distal end in the first chamber. At the distal end of the inner tube 100, the liquid bypasses the baffle 110 and enters the second chamber, where it flows from the distal end to the proximal end. When the liquid reaches the proximal end of the inner tube 100, it again bypasses the baffle 110 to reach the first chamber, and this process is repeated. This allows the fertilizer and water to circulate and mix within the internal loop until they are evenly mixed before fertilization begins, ensuring consistent fertilizer concentration throughout the system. After fertilization, water is injected into the inner tube 100 for rinsing, and the rinsing solution circulates in the loop. When the concentration becomes consistent, irrigation is performed again, and this rinsing process is repeated multiple times until the fertilizer concentration in the pipe approaches zero. During the dilution and flushing process, all irrigation heads 210 open and close simultaneously. Combined with the use of pressure-compensating irrigation heads 210, this ensures irrigation for the same duration under conditions of consistent fertilizer concentration and irrigation speed, guaranteeing that all crops receive an equal amount of fertilizer and effectively solving the problem of uneven fertilization in traditional irrigation systems. Furthermore, during dilution and flushing, the liquid circulates within the inner pipe 100 and the first irrigation pipe 200, effectively preventing fertilizer deposition and crystallization, avoiding clogging the irrigation system, and extending its service life.

[0026] In a further embodiment, an outer tube 400 is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube 100. One end of the outer tube 400 is connected to the feeding mechanism 300, and the feeding mechanism 300 injects clean water into the outer tube 400. The other end of the outer tube 400 is in a blocked state.

[0027] A second irrigation pipe 500 is sleeved outside the first irrigation pipe 200. One end of the second irrigation pipe 500 is connected to the outer pipe 400, and the other end is connected to the irrigation head 210. A synchronization component 510 is provided between the first irrigation pipe 200 and the second irrigation pipe 500. The synchronization component 510 is used to switch the blocking structure 220 from the connected state to the blocking state when the pressure difference between the inner pipe 100 and the outer pipe 400 is greater than a preset value, and to switch the blocking structure 220 from the blocking state to the connected state when the pressure difference between the inner pipe 100 and the outer pipe 400 is less than the preset value.

[0028] The feeding mechanism 300 includes a first storage tank 310, a second storage tank 320, a three-way valve 330, a first pump 340, and a second pump 350. The first storage tank 310 is filled with a solute solution. The second storage tank 320 is filled with clean water. The two inlets of the three-way valve 330 are connected to the first storage tank 310 and the second storage tank 320, respectively, and the outlet is connected to the inner pipe 100. The first pump 340 is used to pump the liquid from the outlet of the three-way valve 330 into the internal circuit from the proximal end of the inner pipe 100. The second pump 350 is used to pump the clean water in the second storage tank 320 into the outer pipe 400.

[0029] The sealing structure 220 includes a sleeve 221 and a sliding tube 222; the sleeve 221 is located inside the second irrigation pipe 500 and is fixedly connected to the irrigation head 210, and the end of the sleeve 221 near the irrigation head 210 is sealed; one end of the sliding tube 222 extends into the first irrigation pipe 200 and communicates with it, and the other end is located in the second irrigation pipe 500, and the end is closed; the sliding tube 222 is slidably connected to the first irrigation pipe 200 along its own axis, and the sliding tube 222 is sealed to the first irrigation pipe 200; a plurality of spray holes 223 are opened on the peripheral wall of the sliding tube 222, and the spray holes 223 are interconnected inside and outside.

[0030] When the pressure difference between the inner pipe 100 and the outer pipe 400 is greater than a preset value, the synchronization component 510 drives the sliding pipe 222 to move towards the sleeve 221. When it moves a preset distance, all the nozzles 223 are blocked by the sleeve 221, and the blocking structure 220 is in a blocked state. When the pressure difference between the inner pipe 100 and the outer pipe 400 is less than a preset value, the synchronization component 510 drives the sliding pipe 222 away from the sleeve 221, so that the nozzles 223 extend out of the sleeve 221 and connect with the second irrigation pipe 500, and the blocking structure 220 is in a connected state.

[0031] The synchronization component 510 includes a sensing ring 511 and a reset structure. The sensing ring 511 is fixedly connected to the sliding tube 222, and its outer ring surface slides and seals against the inner wall of the first irrigation tube 200, thereby dividing the first irrigation tube 200 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the upper chamber of which communicates with the second irrigation tube 500. The reset structure provides a preload force to the sliding tube 222 to move away from the irrigation head 210. An installation ring extends inward from the inner wall of the first irrigation tube 200. The reset structure is a spring 512, with its two ends connected to the sensing ring 511 and the installation ring, respectively. The spring 512 causes the sensing ring 511 to tend to move away from the irrigation head 210.

[0032] By installing an outer pipe 400 outside the inner pipe 100, and adjusting the state of the sealing structure 220 according to the pressure difference between the inner pipe 100 and the outer pipe 400 using a synchronization component 510, when irrigating mountainous or sloping terrain, since the pressure loss of the inner pipe 100 and the outer pipe 400 is the same at the same altitude, the pressure difference between the inner pipe 100 and the outer pipe 400 at different altitudes is fixed and controllable. This allows all irrigation heads 210 at different altitudes to open and close simultaneously. Because the concentration of fertilizer solution in the entire circuit is fixed, the amount of fertilizer dripped from all irrigation heads 210 is equal throughout the irrigation process. This solves the problem of inconsistent fertilizer application caused by differences in the height of the irrigation heads 210, and eliminates the risk of fertilizer damage to nearby crops due to insufficient fertilization of distant crops.

[0033] In another embodiment, the reset structure includes a first magnet and a second magnet; the first magnet is fixedly connected to the sensing ring 511, and the second magnet is fixedly connected to the mounting ring, with the magnetism of the end of the first magnet facing the second magnet being opposite to the magnetism of the end of the second magnet facing the first magnet. When the pressure in the inner tube 100 increases to a preset value, it is sufficient to overcome the sum of the magnetism of the first and second magnets and the pressure in the outer tube 400. At this time, the liquid in the inner tube 100 pushes the sliding tube 222 closer to the sleeve 221. When irrigation is required, the pressure in the inner tube 100 is reduced. When it is reduced to a preset value, the pressure in the outer tube 400 is greater than the pressure in the inner tube 100. The water in the outer tube 400 pushes the sensing ring 511 away from the sleeve 221, the first magnet and the second magnet attract each other, and the sliding tube 222 returns to its initial position.

[0034] In a further embodiment, the irrigation head 210 includes a housing 211 and a diaphragm 212; the housing 211 is fixedly connected to the end of the second irrigation pipe 500 away from the outer pipe 400 and communicates with the second irrigation pipe 500, and a drip nozzle is provided at the end of the housing 211 away from the second irrigation pipe 500; the diaphragm 212 is installed inside the housing 211, dividing the housing 211 into two chambers, and a flow channel is provided on the inner wall of the housing 211, with the two ends of the flow channel connecting the two chambers; the diaphragm 212 undergoes elastic deformation when the pressure on both sides is different. The spray hole 223 is inclined, with the inner end of the spray hole 223 located above the outer end.

[0035] This invention tilts the nozzles 223 on the sliding tube 222, causing the fertilizer solution in the first irrigation pipe 200 to collide with clean water when entering the second irrigation pipe 500. This dissipates the kinetic energy of the liquid and reduces the dynamic pressure of the mixture. During this simultaneous collision of liquids at the inlet of all irrigation heads 210, the higher the original flow velocity, the more violent the collision, resulting in stronger turbulence and greater kinetic energy dissipation. After the collision is complete, the liquid flow state and energy level at the inlet of each irrigation head 210 tend to be consistent. When using the integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation system in mountainous or sloping environments with significant pressure variations, a thinner, more elastic, and more precisely adjustable membrane 212 can still be used for pressure compensation to ensure that the flow rate of each dripper is consistent per unit time. This invention enables irrigation for the same duration under conditions of consistent fertilizer concentration and equal irrigation speed, ensuring that all crops receive an equal amount of fertilizer and solving the problem of uneven fertilization.

[0036] In a further embodiment, the integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control system also includes a control center, which is communicatively connected to the first pump 340, the second pump 350 and the three-way valve 330, and is used to control the first pump 340, the second pump 350 and the three-way valve 330 according to a preset program or received instructions.

[0037] Work process: When irrigation is needed, the control center sends instructions to the first pump 340, the second pump 350, and the three-way valve 330, causing the three-way valve 330 to connect the second storage tank 320 and the inner pipe 100. Clean water is injected into the inner pipe 100 through the first pump 340 and into the outer pipe 400 through the second pump 350. After the clean water enters the inner pipe 100 and the outer pipe 400, the pressure gradually increases. The clean water in the outer pipe 400 enters the second irrigation pipe 500 and flows out from the irrigation head 210 to irrigate the crops. Meanwhile, some liquid in the first irrigation pipe 200 flows from the nozzle 223 to the second irrigation pipe 500. Because the nozzle 223 is angled, the water flowing from the first irrigation pipe 200 and the water in the second irrigation pipe 500 counteract each other, slowing the flow rate and reducing the impact force exerted on the membrane 212. Some water enters the chamber of the housing 211 away from the first irrigation pipe 200 through the flow channel, and some water exerts a force on the membrane 212. When the liquid pressure in the second irrigation pipe 500 is high, the membrane 212 deforms, reducing the volume of the chamber in the housing 211 away from the first irrigation pipe 200, thereby slowing the irrigation speed of the irrigation head 210. When the liquid pressure in the second irrigation pipe 500 is low, the deformation of the membrane 212 decreases, the volume of the chamber in the housing 211 away from the first irrigation pipe 200 increases, and the irrigation speed increases.

[0038] When fertilization is needed, the control center sends commands to the first pump 340, the second pump 350, and the three-way valve 330, causing the three-way valve 330 to connect the second storage tank 320 and the inner pipe 100. Clean water is injected into the inner pipe 100 through the first pump 340 and into the outer pipe 400 through the second pump 350, with the pressure of the first pump 340 being greater than that of the second pump 350. After the clean water enters the inner pipe 100 and the outer pipe 400, the pressure gradually increases, and the clean water in the outer pipe 400 enters the second irrigation pipe 500 and flows out from the irrigation head 210 to irrigate the crops. Simultaneously, the clean water in the inner pipe 100 enters the first irrigation pipe 200 and applies a force to the sliding pipe 222. When the force exerted by the liquid on the sliding pipe 222 is sufficient to overcome the elastic force of the spring 512 and the pressure difference between the inner and outer pipes 400, the sliding pipe 222 begins to slide, approaching the sleeve 221. Meanwhile, some liquid in the first irrigation pipe 200 flows from the nozzle 223 to the second irrigation pipe 500. Due to the inclined setting of the nozzle 223, the water flowing out of the first irrigation pipe 200 and the water in the second irrigation pipe 500 collide, slowing down the flow velocity and reducing the impact force exerted by the water on the membrane 212. During the simultaneous collision of liquids at the inlet positions of all irrigation heads 210, the liquids with higher flow velocities collide more violently, generating stronger turbulence and consuming more kinetic energy. After the collision is completed, the liquid flow state and energy level at the inlet of each irrigation head 210 tend to be consistent. Subsequently, some water enters the chamber in the housing 211 away from the first irrigation pipe 200 through the flow channel, and some water exerts a force on the membrane 212. When the liquid pressure in the second irrigation pipe 500 is high, the membrane 212 deforms, reducing the volume of the chamber in the housing 211 away from the first irrigation pipe 200, thereby slowing down the irrigation speed of the irrigation heads 210. When the liquid pressure in the second irrigation pipe 500 is low, the deformation of the membrane 212 decreases, the volume of the chamber in the shell 211 that is far from the first irrigation pipe 200 increases, the irrigation speed increases, and the pressure compensation makes the dripping amount of each dripper equal per unit time.

[0039] When the sliding tube 222 moves a preset distance toward the sleeve 221, all the spray holes 223 are blocked by the sleeve, and the first irrigation tube 200 and the second irrigation tube 500 are separated. At this time, the control center sends a command to the first pump 340 and the three-way valve 330, so that the three-way valve 330 connects the first storage tank 310 and the inner tube 100. The first pump 340 injects high-concentration fertilizer into the inner tube 100. After the fertilizer enters the inner tube 100, it flows from the near end to the far end in the first chamber of the inner tube 100 along with the clean water in the inner tube 100. When the fertilizer reaches the far end of the inner tube 100, it bypasses the partition 110 and enters the second chamber, and flows from the far end to the near end in the second chamber. When it flows to the near end of the inner tube 100, it bypasses the partition 110 again and enters the first chamber, and repeats the above process, circulating in the inner tube 100. During the flow process, the baffle 110 disrupts the smooth flow of the liquid, forcing it to constantly change direction and speed as it flows through the two chambers, generating intense turbulence and shearing effects. This achieves thorough and uniform mixing of fertilizer and water in a short time. Simultaneously, all the first irrigation pipes 200 are also filled with circulating mixed liquid. After the mixed liquid flows in the loop for a preset time, its concentration becomes uniform, the preparation work is complete, and irrigation begins.

[0040] The control center sends instructions to the first pump 340 and the second pump 350 to reduce the pressure in the inner pipe 100 and increase the pressure in the outer pipe 400. When the pressure difference between the inner pipe 100 and the outer pipe 400 is less than a preset value, that is, when the pressure difference between the first irrigation pipe 200 and the second irrigation pipe 500 is less than a preset value, the liquid in the second irrigation pipe 500 exerts a force on the sensing ring 511, causing the sliding pipe 222 to move away from the sleeve 221, so that the nozzle 223 leaks out from the sleeve 221. The mixed liquid in the first irrigation pipe 200 enters the second irrigation pipe 500 through the nozzle 223, and after counteracting the liquid in the second irrigation pipe 500, it flows synchronously to the irrigation head 210. After pressure compensation by the membrane 212, it irrigates the crops. Since the pressure loss of the inner pipe 100 and the outer pipe 400 is the same at the same altitude, the pressure difference between the inner pipe 100 and the outer pipe 400 at different altitudes is fixed and can be controlled by the control center. When the control center sends a command to the first pump 340 and the second pump 350, the state of all sealing structures 220 can be switched instantaneously, thereby enabling all irrigation heads 210 at different altitudes to open and close simultaneously. Since the concentration of fertilizer solution in the entire circuit is fixed, and the dripping amount of each dripper per unit time is also the same, the amount of fertilizer dripped by all irrigation heads 210 is equal throughout the irrigation process. This solves the problem of differences in the amount of fertilizer irrigated due to the height difference of the irrigation heads 210. It also eliminates the risk of fertilizer damage to nearby crops due to insufficient fertilization of distant crops.

[0041] After the preset irrigation time, the control center sends commands to the first pump 340, the second pump 350, and the three-way valve 330, causing the three-way valve 330 to connect the second storage tank 320 and the inner pipe 100. Clean water is injected into the inner pipe 100 through the first pump 340 and into the outer pipe 400 through the second pump 350, with the pressure of the first pump 340 being greater than that of the second pump 350. After the clean water enters the inner pipe 100, it circulates in the inner pipe 100 along with the mixed liquid therein, and the liquid in the inner pipe 100 flows towards the first irrigation pipe 200. The increased liquid pressure in the first irrigation pipe 200 causes the baffle 110 to disrupt the smooth flow of the liquid, forcing the liquid to constantly change direction and speed as it flows through the two chambers, generating intense turbulence and shearing effects, which thoroughly and evenly mixes the liquid. After the preset flow time, the concentration of the mixed liquid is uniform, and the concentration at this time is less than the concentration of the liquid that circulated in the inner pipe 100 last time.

[0042] The control center sends instructions to the first pump 340 and the second pump 350 to reduce the pressure in the inner pipe 100 and increase the pressure in the outer pipe 400. When the pressure difference between the inner pipe 100 and the outer pipe 400 is less than a preset value, the liquid in the outer pipe 400 exerts a force on the sensing ring 511, causing the sliding pipe 222 to move away from the sleeve 221. The nozzle 223 leaks out from the sleeve 221, and the mixed liquid in the first irrigation pipe 200 enters the second irrigation pipe 500 through the nozzle 223 and flows synchronously to the irrigation head 210 with the liquid in it. After pressure compensation by the membrane 212, the crop is irrigated.

[0043] The steps of "synchronously switching all blocking structures 220 to the blocking state, injecting clean water to circulate and dilute the fertilizer solution, and simultaneously switching all blocking structures 220 to the connecting device" are repeated several times. The liquid concentration in the circuit gradually decreases until it approaches zero. The liquid in the inner pipe 100 and the first irrigation pipe 200 is clean water, thus completing the irrigation work.

[0044] During the mixing and dilution process of fertilizer and water, the liquid circulates in the inner pipe 100 and the first irrigation pipe 200, effectively preventing fertilizer deposition and crystallization, avoiding clogging of the irrigation system, and extending the service life of the irrigation system.

[0045] This invention also provides a water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control method, which utilizes the water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system provided by this invention for irrigation, including the following steps: S1: Inject clean water into the inner tube 100 through the feeding mechanism 300 until the internal circuit of the inner tube 100 is full; S2: Control all blocking structures 220 to switch to the blocking state; S3: A preset amount of solute solution is injected into the inner tube 100 through the feeding mechanism 300, and pressure is continuously supplied to mix the solute solution and water in the internal circuit for a preset time. S4: Control all blocking structures 220 to switch to the connected state and perform irrigation for a preset duration; S5: Control all blocking structures 220 to switch to the blocking state; S6: Inject clean water into the inner tube 100 through the feeding mechanism 300 and maintain the pressure for a preset time to dilute the solute concentration in the internal circuit; S7: Control all blocking structures 220 to switch to the connected state and perform irrigation for a preset duration; S8: Repeat S5-S7 a preset number of times until the solute concentration in the internal circuit drops to a preset threshold.

[0046] When irrigating using the integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control method provided by this invention, all crops receive an equal amount of fertilizer, effectively solving the problem of uneven fertilization in traditional irrigation systems. In addition, this invention also effectively prevents fertilizer from depositing and crystallizing in the irrigation head 210 and pipes, avoiding system blockage and extending the service life of the integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation control system. It is suitable for complex terrains such as mountains and slopes where high irrigation uniformity is required.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system, characterized in that, The application relates to an irrigation device. The inner tube is arranged along an irrigation path, and a partition plate is arranged in the middle of the inner tube and extends along the axial direction of the inner tube to divide the inner tube into two chambers; the length of the partition plate is smaller than the length of the inner tube, and the end of the partition plate is arranged at a preset distance from the end of the inner tube to enable the two chambers to communicate with each other and form an internal loop for the liquid to flow back and forth in the inner tube. A plurality of first irrigation pipes are arranged along the axial direction of the inner tube, one end of each first irrigation pipe is connected with the inner tube, and the other end is connected with an irrigation head; a blocking structure is arranged between the first irrigation pipe and the irrigation head; the blocking structure has a blocking state and a communicating state; when the blocking structure is in the blocking state, the first irrigation pipe and the irrigation head are separated; when the blocking structure is in the communicating state, the first irrigation pipe and the irrigation head are communicated; and the irrigation head is a pressure-compensated dripper. A feeding mechanism is arranged to inject a solute solution or clean water into the inner tube. 2.The water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, An outer tube is arranged outside the inner tube, one end of the outer tube is connected with the feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism injects clean water into the outer tube, and the other end of the outer tube is in a blocking state. A second irrigation pipe is arranged outside the first irrigation pipe, one end of the second irrigation pipe is connected with the outer tube, and the other end is connected with the irrigation head; a synchronous assembly is arranged between the first irrigation pipe and the second irrigation pipe, the synchronous assembly is used for switching the blocking structure from the communicating state to the blocking state when the pressure difference between the inner tube and the outer tube is greater than a preset value, and switching the blocking structure from the blocking state to the communicating state when the pressure difference between the inner tube and the outer tube is less than the preset value. 3.The water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The blocking structure comprises a sleeve and a sliding pipe; the sleeve is arranged in the second irrigation pipe and fixedly connected with the irrigation head, and the end of the sleeve close to the irrigation head is sealed; one end of the sliding pipe is arranged in the first irrigation pipe and connected with the first irrigation pipe, and the other end of the sliding pipe is arranged in the second irrigation pipe and sealed; the sliding pipe is slidably connected with the first irrigation pipe along the axial direction of the sliding pipe, and the sliding pipe is sealingly connected with the first irrigation pipe; a plurality of spray holes are arranged on the peripheral wall of the sliding pipe and extend through the sliding pipe; when the pressure difference between the inner tube and the outer tube is greater than the preset value, the synchronous assembly drives the sliding pipe to move towards the sleeve, and when the sliding pipe moves a preset distance, all the spray holes are blocked by the sleeve, and the blocking structure is in the blocking state; when the pressure difference between the inner tube and the outer tube is less than the preset value, the synchronous assembly drives the sliding pipe to move away from the sleeve, and the spray holes extend out of the sleeve and are connected with the second irrigation pipe, and the blocking structure is in the communicating state. The synchronous assembly comprises a sensing ring and a reset structure; the sensing ring is fixedly connected with the sliding pipe, the outer ring surface of the sensing ring is slidably and sealingly connected with the inner wall of the first irrigation pipe, thereby dividing the first irrigation pipe into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and the upper chamber is connected with the second irrigation pipe; and the reset structure gives the sliding pipe a pre-tightening force away from the irrigation head.

4. The water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reset structure is a spring, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the sensing ring and the second irrigation pipe, and the spring enables the sensing ring to have a tendency to move away from the irrigation head.

5. The water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, ​ 6. The water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The irrigation head comprises a shell and a film; the shell is fixedly connected to the second irrigation pipe away from the outer pipe, and communicates with the second irrigation pipe; a drip nozzle is arranged at the end of the shell away from the second irrigation pipe; the film is installed in the shell to divide the shell into two chambers; a flow channel is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, and the two ends of the flow channel communicate with the two chambers; the film is elastically deformed when the pressures on both sides are different.

7. The water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The spray hole is obliquely arranged, and the inner end of the spray hole is located above the outer end. 8.The water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism comprises a first storage barrel, a second storage barrel, a three-way valve, a first pump and a second pump; the first storage barrel is filled with a solute solution; the second storage barrel is filled with clean water; the two inlets of the three-way valve are connected to the first storage barrel and the second storage barrel respectively, and the outlet is connected to the inner pipe; the first pump is used for pumping the liquid at the outlet of the three-way valve into the internal circuit; and the second pump is used for pumping the clean water in the second storage barrel into the outer pipe. 9.The water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system further comprises a control center, which is in communication connection with the first pump, the second pump and the three-way valve, and is used for controlling the first pump, the second pump and the three-way valve according to a preset program or a received instruction.

10. A water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control method, characterized in that, The water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation control system is used for irrigation, and the method comprises the following steps: S1: injecting clean water into the inner pipe through the feeding mechanism until the internal circuit in the inner pipe is filled; S2: controlling all the blocking structures to switch to the blocking state; S3: injecting a preset amount of solute solution into the inner pipe through the feeding mechanism, and continuously supplying pressure to make the solute solution and the clean water mix in the internal circuit for a preset time; S4: controlling all the blocking structures to switch to the communication state, and performing irrigation for a preset time; S5: controlling all the blocking structures to switch to the blocking state; S6: injecting clean water into the inner pipe through the feeding mechanism, and maintaining the pressure for a preset time to dilute the solute concentration in the internal circuit; S7: controlling all the blocking structures to switch to the communication state, and performing irrigation for a preset time; S8: repeating S5-S7 for a preset number of times until the solute concentration in the internal circuit is reduced to a preset threshold.

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